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Zdravkova K, Mijanovic O, Brankovic A, Ilicheva PM, Jakovleva A, Karanovic J, Pualic M, Pualic D, Rubel AA, Savvateeva LV, Parodi A, Zamyatnin AA. Unveiling the Roles of Cysteine Proteinases F and W: From Structure to Pathological Implications and Therapeutic Targets. Cells 2024; 13:917. [PMID: 38891048 PMCID: PMC11171618 DOI: 10.3390/cells13110917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Cysteine cathepsins F and W are members of the papain-like cysteine protease family, which have distinct structural features and functional roles in various physiological and pathological processes. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of the structure, biological functions, and pathological implications of cathepsins F and W. Beginning with an introduction to these proteases, we delve into their structural characteristics and elucidate their unique features that dictate their enzymatic activities and substrate specificity. We also explore the intricate involvement of cathepsins F and W in malignancies, highlighting their role as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer progression. Furthermore, we discuss the emerging roles of these enzymes in immune response modulation and neurological disorders, shedding light on their implications in autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, we review the landscape of inhibitors targeting these proteases, highlighting their therapeutic potential and challenges in clinical translation. This review brings together the diverse facets of cysteine cathepsins F and W, providing insights into their roles in health and disease and guiding future investigations for therapeutic advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Zdravkova
- AD Alkaloid Skopje, Boulevard Alexander the Great 12, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia;
| | - Olja Mijanovic
- Dia-M, LCC, 7 b.3 Magadanskaya Str., 129345 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Ana Brankovic
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Faculty of Forensic Sciences and Engineering, University of Criminal Investigation and Police Studies, Cara Dusana 196, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Polina M. Ilicheva
- Institute of Chemistry, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Street 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia;
| | | | - Jelena Karanovic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444A, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Milena Pualic
- Institute Cardiovascular Diseases Dedinje, Heroja Milana Tepica 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Dusan Pualic
- Military Medical Academy, Crnotravska 17, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Aleksandr A. Rubel
- Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Lyudmila V. Savvateeva
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alessandro Parodi
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia;
| | - Andrey A. Zamyatnin
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
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2
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Klein M, Hermey G. Converging links between adult-onset neurodegenerative Alzheimer's disease and early life neurodegenerative neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis? Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:1463-1471. [PMID: 36571343 PMCID: PMC10075119 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.361544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence from genetics and from analyzing cellular and animal models have converged to suggest links between neurodegenerative disorders of early and late life. Here, we summarize emerging links between the most common late life neurodegenerative disease, Alzheimer's disease, and the most common early life neurodegenerative diseases, neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses. Genetic studies reported an overlap of clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease and mutations in genes known to cause neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses. Accumulating data strongly suggest dysfunction of intracellular trafficking mechanisms and the autophagy-endolysosome system in both types of neurodegenerative disorders. This suggests shared cytopathological processes underlying these different types of neurodegenerative diseases. A better understanding of the common mechanisms underlying the different diseases is important as this might lead to the identification of novel targets for therapeutic concepts, the transfer of therapeutic strategies from one disease to the other and therapeutic approaches tailored to patients with specific mutations. Here, we review dysfunctions of the endolysosomal autophagy pathway in Alzheimer's disease and neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses and summarize emerging etiologic and genetic overlaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Klein
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Cognition, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Hermey
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Cognition, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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3
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Yang L, Zeng Q, Deng Y, Qiu Y, Yao W, Liao Y. Glycosylated Cathepsin V Serves as a Prognostic Marker in Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:876245. [PMID: 35494076 PMCID: PMC9043764 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.876245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of cysteine cathepsin protease activity is pivotal in tumorigenic transformation. However, the role of cathepsin protease in lung cancer remains unknown. Here, we analyzed GEO database and found that lung cancer presented high expression of cathepsin V (CTSV). We then performed immunohistochemistry assay in 73 paired lung cancer tissues and normal lung tissues and confirmed that CTSV is overexpressed in lung cancer and correlates with poor prognosis. The mass spectrometry experiment showed that the N-glycosylation locus of CTSV are N221 and N292, glycosylated CTSV (band 43 kDa) was particularly expressed in lung cancer samples and correlated with lymph node metastasis. Mechanistic studies showed that only glycosylated CTSV (43-kDa band) are secreted to extracellular matrix (ECM) and promoted the metastasis of lung cancer. Importantly, the Elisa detection in serum of 12 lung cancer patients and 12 healthy donors showed that the level of CTSV in serum distinguished lung cancer patients from healthy donors. Together, our findings reveal the clinical relevance of CTSV glycosylation and CTSV drives the metastasis of lung cancer, suggesting that the glycosylated CTSV in serum is a promising biomarker for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewei Yang
- Department of Oncology, The fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Qi Zeng
- Department of Oncology, The fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yun Deng
- Department of Oncology, The fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yeqing Qiu
- Department of Oncology, The fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Wei Yao
- Department of Oncology, The fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yifeng Liao
- Department of Oncology, The fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
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4
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Finding New Ways How to Control BACE1. J Membr Biol 2022; 255:293-318. [PMID: 35305135 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-022-00225-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Recently, all applications of BACE1 inhibitors failed as therapeutical targets for Alzheimer´s disease (AD) due to severe side effects. Therefore, alternative ways for treatment development are a hot research topic. The present analysis investigates BACE1 protein-protein interaction networks and attempts to solve the absence of complete knowledge about pathways involving BACE1. A bioinformatics analysis matched the functions of the non-substrate interaction network with Voltage-gated potassium channels, which also appear as top priority protein nodes. Targeting BACE1 interactions with PS1 and GGA-s, blocking of BACE1 access to APP by BRI3 and RTN-s, activation of Wnt signaling and upregulation of β-catenin, and brain delivery of the extracellular domain of p75NTR, are the main alternatives to the use of BACE 1 inhibitors highlighted by the analysis. The pathway enrichment analysis also emphasized substrates and substrate candidates with essential biological functions, which cleavage must remain controlled. They include ephrin receptors, ROBO1, ROBO2, CNTN-s, CASPR-s, CD147, CypB, TTR, APLP1/APLP2, NRXN-s, and PTPR-s. The analysis of the interaction subnetwork of BACE1 functionally related to inflammation identified a connection to three cardiomyopathies, which supports the hypothesis of the common molecular mechanisms with AD. A lot of potential shows the regulation of BACE1 activity through post-translational modifications. The interaction network of BACE1 and its phosphorylation enzyme CSNK1D functionally match the Circadian clock, p53, and Hedgehog signaling pathways. The regulation of BACE1 glycosylation could be achieved through N-acetylglucosamine transferases, α-(1→6)-fucosyltransferase, β-galactoside α-(2→6)-sialyltransferases, galactosyltransferases, and mannosidases suggested by the interaction network analysis of BACE1-MGAT3. The present analysis proposes possibilities for the alternative control of AD pathology.
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5
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Khani M, Gibbons E, Bras J, Guerreiro R. Challenge accepted: uncovering the role of rare genetic variants in Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurodegener 2022; 17:3. [PMID: 35000612 PMCID: PMC8744312 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-021-00505-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for rare variants in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is usually deemed a high-risk - high-reward situation. The challenges associated with this endeavor are real. Still, the application of genome-wide technologies to large numbers of cases and controls or to small, well-characterized families has started to be fruitful.Rare variants associated with AD have been shown to increase risk or cause disease, but also to protect against the development of AD. All of these can potentially be targeted for the development of new drugs.Multiple independent studies have now shown associations of rare variants in NOTCH3, TREM2, SORL1, ABCA7, BIN1, CLU, NCK2, AKAP9, UNC5C, PLCG2, and ABI3 with AD and suggested that they may influence disease via multiple mechanisms. These genes have reported functions in the immune system, lipid metabolism, synaptic plasticity, and apoptosis. However, the main pathway emerging from the collective of genes harboring rare variants associated with AD is the Aβ pathway. Associations of rare variants in dozens of other genes have also been proposed, but have not yet been replicated in independent studies. Replication of this type of findings is one of the challenges associated with studying rare variants in complex diseases, such as AD. In this review, we discuss some of these primary challenges as well as possible solutions.Integrative approaches, the availability of large datasets and databases, and the development of new analytical methodologies will continue to produce new genes harboring rare variability impacting AD. In the future, more extensive and more diverse genetic studies, as well as studies of deeply characterized families, will enhance our understanding of disease pathogenesis and put us on the correct path for the development of successful drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Khani
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elizabeth Gibbons
- Department of Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, 333 Bostwick Ave. N.E., Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503-2518 USA
| | - Jose Bras
- Department of Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, 333 Bostwick Ave. N.E., Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503-2518 USA
- Division of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, MI USA
| | - Rita Guerreiro
- Department of Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, 333 Bostwick Ave. N.E., Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503-2518 USA
- Division of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, MI USA
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6
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A novel missense variant in ACAA1 contributes to early-onset Alzheimer's disease, impairs lysosomal function, and facilitates amyloid-β pathology and cognitive decline. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:325. [PMID: 34465723 PMCID: PMC8408221 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00748-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by progressive synaptic dysfunction, neuronal death, and brain atrophy, with amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque deposits and hyperphosphorylated tau neurofibrillary tangle accumulation in the brain tissue, which all lead to loss of cognitive function. Pathogenic mutations in the well-known AD causal genes including APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 impair a variety of pathways, including protein processing, axonal transport, and metabolic homeostasis. Here we identified a missense variant rs117916664 (c.896T>C, p.Asn299Ser [p.N299S]) of the acetyl-CoA acyltransferase 1 (ACAA1) gene in a Han Chinese AD family by whole-genome sequencing and validated its association with early-onset familial AD in an independent cohort. Further in vitro and in vivo evidence showed that ACAA1 p.N299S contributes to AD by disturbing its enzymatic activity, impairing lysosomal function, and aggravating the Aβ pathology and neuronal loss, which finally caused cognitive impairment in a murine model. Our findings reveal a fundamental role of peroxisome-mediated lysosomal dysfunction in AD pathogenesis.
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7
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Hoogmartens J, Cacace R, Van Broeckhoven C. Insight into the genetic etiology of Alzheimer's disease: A comprehensive review of the role of rare variants. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 13:e12155. [PMID: 33665345 PMCID: PMC7896636 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) is generally known as a dominant disease due to highly penetrant pathogenic mutations in the amyloid precursor protein, presenilin 1 and 2. However, they explain only a fraction of EOAD patients (5% to 10%). Furthermore, only 10% to 15% of EOAD families present with clear autosomal dominant inheritance. Studies showed that only 35% to 60% of EOAD patients have at least one affected first-degree relative. Parent-offspring concordance in EOAD was estimated to be <10%, indicating that full penetrant dominant alleles are not the sole players in EOAD. We aim to summarize current knowledge of rare variants underlying familial and seemingly sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Genetic findings indicate that in addition to the amyloid beta pathway, other pathways are of importance in AD pathophysiology. We discuss the difficulties in interpreting the influence of rare variants on disease onset and we underline the value of carefully selected ethnicity-matched cohorts in AD genetic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Hoogmartens
- Neurodegenerative Brain DiseasesVIB Center for Molecular NeurologyAntwerpBelgium
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
| | - Rita Cacace
- Neurodegenerative Brain DiseasesVIB Center for Molecular NeurologyAntwerpBelgium
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
| | - Christine Van Broeckhoven
- Neurodegenerative Brain DiseasesVIB Center for Molecular NeurologyAntwerpBelgium
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
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8
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Novel CTSF Indel in a patient with Kufs disease and resistant schizophrenia: A case report. Schizophr Res 2021; 228:435-437. [PMID: 33578366 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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Kose M, Kose E, Ünalp A, Yılmaz Ü, Edizer S, Tekin HG, Karaoğlu P, Özdemir TR, Er E, Onay H, Yildirim ES. Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis: genetic and phenotypic spectrum of 14 patients from Turkey. Neurol Sci 2021; 42:1103-1111. [PMID: 33486620 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-021-05067-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) is a group of congenital metabolic diseases where the neurodegenerative process with the accumulation of ceroid and lipofuscin autofluorescent storage materials is at the forefront. According to the age of presentation, NCLs are classified as congenital, infantile (INCL), late infantile (LINCL), juvenile (JNCL), and adult (ANCL) NCLs. In our study, it was aimed to discuss the clinical and molecular characteristics of our patients diagnosed with NCL. MATERIAL AND METHOD This is a descriptive cross-sectional study which was conducted in 14 patients from 10 unrelated families who were diagnosed with different types of NCL based on clinical presentation, neuroimaging, biochemical measurements, and molecular analyses, at the department of pediatric metabolism between June 2015 and June 2020. RESULTS A total of 14 patients were diagnosed with different types of NCL. Of those, 4 patients were diagnosed with NCL7 (4/14; 30%), 3/14 (23%) with NCL1, 3/14 (23%) with NCL2, 2/14 (14.2%) with NCL13, and 1/14 (7.1%) with NCL10. Eleven pathogenic variants were detected, 5 of which are novel (c.721G>T [p.Gly241Ter] and c.301G>C [p.Ala146Pro] in MFDS8 gene; c.316C>T [p.Gln106Ter] in PPT1 gene; c.341C>T [p.Ala114Val] in TPP1 gene; c.686A>T [p.Glu229Val] in CTSD gene) CONCLUSION: This study is one of the pioneer comprehensive researches from Turkey that provides information about disease-causing variants and clinical presentation of different and rare types of NCLs. The identification of novel variants and phenotypic expansion is important for genetic counselling in Turkey and expected to improve understanding of NCLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melis Kose
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Metabolism and Nutrition, Izmir Katip Çelebi University Faculty of Medicine, Ismet Kaptan Street, 35100, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Engin Kose
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Metabolism and Nutrition, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aycan Ünalp
- Pediatric Neurology Department, University of Health Sciences, Behçet Uz Children Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ünsal Yılmaz
- Pediatric Neurology Department, University of Health Sciences, Behçet Uz Children Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Selvinaz Edizer
- Pediatric Neurology Department, University of Health Sciences, Behçet Uz Children Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hande Gazeteci Tekin
- Faculty of Medicine, Çiğli Research and Training Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, Bakırçay University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Pakize Karaoğlu
- Pediatric Neurology Department, University of Health Sciences, Behçet Uz Children Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Taha Reşid Özdemir
- Genetics Department, University of Health Sciences Tepecik Training & Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Esra Er
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nutrition and Metabolism, Izmir Katip Çelebi University, Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Onay
- Department of Medical Genetics, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Eser Sozmen Yildirim
- Clinical Chemistry Department, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey
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10
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Wagner M, Lorenz G, Volk AE, Brunet T, Edbauer D, Berutti R, Zhao C, Anderl-Straub S, Bertram L, Danek A, Deschauer M, Dill V, Fassbender K, Fliessbach K, Götze KS, Jahn H, Kornhuber J, Landwehrmeyer B, Lauer M, Obrig H, Prudlo J, Schneider A, Schroeter ML, Uttner I, Vukovich R, Wiltfang J, Winkler AS, Zhou Q, Ludolph AC, Oexle K, Otto M, Diehl-Schmid J, Winkelmann J. Clinico-genetic findings in 509 frontotemporal dementia patients. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:5824-5832. [PMID: 34561610 PMCID: PMC8758482 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01271-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder. To which extent genetic aberrations dictate clinical presentation remains elusive. We investigated the spectrum of genetic causes and assessed the genotype-driven differences in biomarker profiles, disease severity and clinical manifestation by recruiting 509 FTD patients from different centers of the German FTLD consortium where individuals were clinically assessed including biomarker analysis. Exome sequencing as well as C9orf72 repeat analysis were performed in all patients. These genetic analyses resulted in a diagnostic yield of 18.1%. Pathogenic variants in C9orf72 (n = 47), GRN (n = 26), MAPT (n = 11), TBK1 (n = 5), FUS (n = 1), TARDBP (n = 1), and CTSF (n = 1) were identified across all clinical subtypes of FTD. TBK1-associated FTD was frequent accounting for 5.4% of solved cases. Detection of a homozygous missense variant verified CTSF as an FTD gene. ABCA7 was identified as a candidate gene for monogenic FTD. The distribution of APOE alleles did not differ significantly between FTD patients and the average population. Male sex was weakly associated with clinical manifestation of the behavioral variant of FTD. Age of onset was lowest in MAPT patients. Further, high CSF neurofilament light chain levels were found to be related to GRN-associated FTD. Our study provides large-scale retrospective clinico-genetic data such as on disease manifestation and progression of FTD. These data will be relevant for counseling patients and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matias Wagner
- grid.4567.00000 0004 0483 2525Institut für Neurogenomik, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany ,grid.6936.a0000000123222966Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University München, Munich, Germany ,Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Georg Lorenz
- grid.15474.330000 0004 0477 2438Department of Nephrology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander E. Volk
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Theresa Brunet
- grid.4567.00000 0004 0483 2525Institut für Neurogenomik, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany ,grid.6936.a0000000123222966Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University München, Munich, Germany
| | - Dieter Edbauer
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Munich, Germany ,grid.452617.3Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Riccardo Berutti
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University München, Munich, Germany ,Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Chen Zhao
- grid.4567.00000 0004 0483 2525Institut für Neurogenomik, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sarah Anderl-Straub
- grid.6582.90000 0004 1936 9748Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Lars Bertram
- grid.4562.50000 0001 0057 2672Lübeck Interdisciplinary Platform for Genome Analytics (LIGA), Institutes of Neurogenetics and Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Adrian Danek
- grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XNeurologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Marcus Deschauer
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Department of Neurology, Technische Universität München, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Veronika Dill
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Clinic and Policlinic for Internal Medicine III, Technical University Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Fassbender
- grid.411937.9Department of Neurology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- grid.10388.320000 0001 2240 3300Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Bonn, Bonn, Germany ,grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Katharina S. Götze
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Clinic and Policlinic for Internal Medicine III, Technical University Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Holger Jahn
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Martin Lauer
- grid.8379.50000 0001 1958 8658Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Hellmuth Obrig
- grid.419524.f0000 0001 0041 5028Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany ,grid.411339.d0000 0000 8517 9062Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Johannes Prudlo
- grid.413108.f0000 0000 9737 0454Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- grid.10388.320000 0001 2240 3300Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Bonn, Bonn, Germany ,grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Matthias L. Schroeter
- grid.419524.f0000 0001 0041 5028Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany ,grid.411339.d0000 0000 8517 9062Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ingo Uttner
- grid.6582.90000 0004 1936 9748Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ruth Vukovich
- grid.7450.60000 0001 2364 4210Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG), Georg-August University, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- grid.7450.60000 0001 2364 4210Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG), Georg-August University, Goettingen, Germany ,grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany ,grid.7311.40000000123236065Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Andrea S. Winkler
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Department of Neurology, Technische Universität München, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany ,grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Centre for Global Health, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Qihui Zhou
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Munich, Germany ,grid.452617.3Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Albert C. Ludolph
- grid.6582.90000 0004 1936 9748Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany ,grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Ulm, Oberer Eselsberg, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Konrad Oexle
- grid.4567.00000 0004 0483 2525Institut für Neurogenomik, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Markus Otto
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany. .,Department of Neurology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.
| | - Janine Diehl-Schmid
- School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Juliane Winkelmann
- Institut für Neurogenomik, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany. .,Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany. .,Chair of Neurogenetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
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11
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Ortigoza-Escobar JD. A Proposed Diagnostic Algorithm for Inborn Errors of Metabolism Presenting With Movements Disorders. Front Neurol 2020; 11:582160. [PMID: 33281718 PMCID: PMC7691570 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.582160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherited metabolic diseases or inborn errors of metabolism frequently manifest with both hyperkinetic (dystonia, chorea, myoclonus, ataxia, tremor, etc.) and hypokinetic (rigid-akinetic syndrome) movement disorders. The diagnosis of these diseases is in many cases difficult, because the same movement disorder can be caused by several diseases. Through a literature review, two hundred and thirty one inborn errors of metabolism presenting with movement disorders have been identified. Fifty-one percent of these diseases exhibits two or more movement disorders, of which ataxia and dystonia are the most frequent. Taking into account the wide range of these disorders, a methodical evaluation system needs to be stablished. This work proposes a six-step diagnostic algorithm for the identification of inborn errors of metabolism presenting with movement disorders comprising red flags, characterization of the movement disorders phenotype (type of movement disorder, age and nature of onset, distribution and temporal pattern) and other neurological and non-neurological signs, minimal biochemical investigation to diagnose treatable diseases, radiological patterns, genetic testing and ultimately, symptomatic, and disease-specific treatment. As a strong action, it is emphasized not to miss any treatable inborn error of metabolism through the algorithm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Darío Ortigoza-Escobar
- Movement Disorders Unit, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERER-ISCIII and European Reference Network for Rare Neurological Diseases (ERN-RND), Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Endosomal Trafficking in Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, and Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis. Mol Cell Biol 2020; 40:MCB.00262-20. [PMID: 32690545 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00262-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorders of early life, Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder of midlife, while Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder of late life. While they are phenotypically distinct, recent studies suggest that they share a biological pathway, retromer-dependent endosomal trafficking. A retromer is a multimodular protein assembly critical for sorting and trafficking cargo out of the endosome. As a lysosomal storage disease, all 13 of NCL's causative genes affect endolysosomal function, and at least four have been directly linked to retromer. PD has several known causative genes, with one directly linked to retromer and others causing endolysosomal dysfunction. AD has over 25 causative genes/risk factors, with several of them linked to retromer or endosomal trafficking dysfunction. In this article, we summarize the emerging evidence on the association of genes causing NCL with retromer function and endosomal trafficking, review the recent evidence linking NCL genes to AD, and discuss how NCL, AD, and PD converge on a shared molecular pathway. We also discuss this pathway's role in microglia and neurons, cell populations which are critical to proper brain homeostasis and whose dysfunction plays a key role in neurodegeneration.
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13
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De Pasquale V, Moles A, Pavone LM. Cathepsins in the Pathophysiology of Mucopolysaccharidoses: New Perspectives for Therapy. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040979. [PMID: 32326609 PMCID: PMC7227001 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cathepsins (CTSs) are ubiquitously expressed proteases normally found in the endolysosomal compartment where they mediate protein degradation and turnover. However, CTSs are also found in the cytoplasm, nucleus, and extracellular matrix where they actively participate in cell signaling, protein processing, and trafficking through the plasma and nuclear membranes and between intracellular organelles. Dysregulation in CTS expression and/or activity disrupts cellular homeostasis, thus contributing to many human diseases, including inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, diabetes, obesity, cancer, kidney dysfunction, and others. This review aimed to highlight the involvement of CTSs in inherited lysosomal storage disorders, with a primary focus to the emerging evidence on the role of CTSs in the pathophysiology of Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs). These latter diseases are characterized by severe neurological, skeletal and cardiovascular phenotypes, and no effective cure exists to date. The advance in the knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying the activity of CTSs in MPSs may open a new challenge for the development of novel therapeutic approaches for the cure of such intractable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria De Pasquale
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Anna Moles
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona, Spanish Research Council, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Luigi Michele Pavone
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-7463043
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14
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Bellenguez C, Grenier-Boley B, Lambert JC. Genetics of Alzheimer’s disease: where we are, and where we are going. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2020; 61:40-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2019.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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15
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Abstract
Purpose of review In this review we highlight recent advances in the human genetics of frontotemporal dementia (FTD). In addition to providing a broad survey of genes implicated in FTD in the last several years, we also discuss variation in genes implicated in both hereditary leukodystrophies and risk for FTD (e.g., TREM2, TMEM106B, CSF1R, AARS2, NOTCH3). Recent findings Over the past five years, genetic variation in approximately 50 genes has been confirmed or suggested to cause or influence risk for FTD and FTD-spectrum disorders. We first give background and discuss recent findings related to C9ORF72, GRN and MAPT, the genes most commonly implicated in FTD. We then provide a broad overview of other FTD-associated genes and go on to discuss new findings in FTD genetics in East Asian populations, including pathogenic variation in CHCHD10, which may represent a frequent cause of disease in Chinese populations. Finally, we consider recent insights gleaned from genome-wide association and genetic pleiotropy studies. Summary Recent genetic discoveries highlight cellular pathways involving autophagy, the endolysosomal system and neuroinflammation, and reveal an intriguing overlap between genes that confer risk for leukodystrophy and FTD.
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16
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Berkovic SF, Oliver KL, Canafoglia L, Krieger P, Damiano JA, Hildebrand MS, Morbin M, Vears DF, Sofia V, Giuliano L, Garavaglia B, Simonati A, Santorelli FM, Gambardella A, Labate A, Belcastro V, Castellotti B, Ozkara C, Zeman A, Rankin J, Mole SE, Aguglia U, Farrell M, Rajagopalan S, McDougall A, Brammah S, Andermann F, Andermann E, Dahl HHM, Franceschetti S, Carpenter S. Kufs disease due to mutation ofCLN6: clinical, pathological and molecular genetic features. Brain 2018; 142:59-69. [DOI: 10.1093/brain/awy297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel F Berkovic
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Karen L Oliver
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Laura Canafoglia
- Department of Neurophysiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Penina Krieger
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - John A Damiano
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael S Hildebrand
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michela Morbin
- Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Danya F Vears
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vito Sofia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Loretta Giuliano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Barbara Garavaglia
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics Unit, Bicocca Laboratories, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico “Carlo Besta”, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Simonati
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, Movement-Neurology and Neuropathology, Policlinico GB Rossi, P.le LA Scuro, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Gambardella
- Institute of Neurology, University Magna Græcia Catanzaro, Italy; Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology of the National Research Council (IBFM-CNR) Germaneto, CZ, Italy
| | - Angelo Labate
- Institute of Neurology, University Magna Græcia Catanzaro, Italy; Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology of the National Research Council (IBFM-CNR) Germaneto, CZ, Italy
| | | | - Barbara Castellotti
- Unit Genetics of Neurodegenerative and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Foundation C. Besta Neurological Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Cigdem Ozkara
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Adam Zeman
- University of Exeter Medical School, St Luke’s Campus, Magdalen Road, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Julia Rankin
- Clinical Genetics, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Gladstone Road, Exeter, UK
| | - Sara E Mole
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and UCL GOS Institute of Child Health, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | - Umberto Aguglia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Græcia Catanzaro, Italy
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology of the National Research Council (IBFM-CNR) Germaneto, CZ, Italy
| | - Michael Farrell
- Department of Neuropathology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Sulekha Rajagopalan
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, New South Wales Australia
| | - Alan McDougall
- Department of Neurology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, New South Wales Australia
| | - Susan Brammah
- Central Sydney Electron Microscope Unit, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Frederick Andermann
- Epilepsy Research Group, Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery and Paediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eva Andermann
- Epilepsy Research Group, Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery and Paediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hans-Henrik M Dahl
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Silvana Franceschetti
- Department of Neurophysiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Stirling Carpenter
- Consultant in Neuropathology, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
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17
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Genetic Complexity of Early-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease. NEURODEGENER DIS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72938-1_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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18
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Wang C, Xu H, Yuan Y, Lian Y, Xie N, Ming L. Novel compound heterozygous mutations causing Kufs disease type B. Int J Neurosci 2017; 128:573-576. [PMID: 29120254 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2017.1403439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kufs disease type B (also termed CLN13), an adult-onset form of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL), is genetically heterogeneous and challenging to diagnose. Recently, mutations in cathepsin-F have been identified as the causative gene for autosomal recessive Kufs disease type B. RESULTS Here, we report a sporadic case of Kufs disease type B with novel compound heterozygous mutations, a novel missense mutation c.977G>T (p.C326F) and a novel nonsense mutation c.416C>A (p.S139X), in the cathepsin-F gene. The magnetic resonance imaging findings were consistent with those demonstrated in adult neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis: diffuse cortical atrophy, mild hyperintensity and reduction of the deep white matter on T2-weighted images. A skin biopsy was negative for abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, our findings broaden the mutation database in relation to the neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, and the clinical diagnosis of Kufs disease type B was confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Wang
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory , The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China.,b Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, Department of Clinical Laboratory , The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Hongliang Xu
- c Department of Neurology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Yun Yuan
- d Department of Neurology , Peking University First Hospital , Beijing , China
| | - Yajun Lian
- c Department of Neurology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Nanchang Xie
- c Department of Neurology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Liang Ming
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory , The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China.,b Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, Department of Clinical Laboratory , The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
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19
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Zhang Y, Zhao J, Yin M, Cai Y, Liu S, Wang Y, Zhang X, Cao H, Chen T, Huang P, Mai H, Liu Z, Tao H, Zhao B, Cui L. The influence of two functional genetic variants of GRK5 on tau phosphorylation and their association with Alzheimer's disease risk. Oncotarget 2017; 8:72714-72726. [PMID: 29069820 PMCID: PMC5641163 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Our work explores the relationship between G protein-coupled receptor kinase-5 (GRK5) single nucleotide polymorphisms and Alzheimer's disease risk. We confirmed that GRK5 translocates from the cellular membrane to the cytosol in the hippocampus of Alzheimer's disease mice and that GRK5 deficiency promotes tau hyperphosphorylation, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease pathology. Our results indicate that one functional variant, or mutant, of GRK5 (GRK5-Gln41Leu) decreased GRK5 translocation from the membrane to the cytoplasm and reduced tau hyperphosphorylation, whereas, another GRK5 mutant (GRK5-Arg304His) increased GRK5 translocation to the cytoplasm and promoted tau hyperphosphorylation. In addition, case-control studies revealed that GRK5-Gln41Leu is associated with a lower risk of late-onset Alzheimer's disease. Our findings suggest that the GRK5-Gln41Leu mutant may resist tau hyperphosphorylation by promoting GRK5 membrane stability and, in effect, may contribute to lower Alzheimer's disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianghao Zhao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Mingkang Yin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yujie Cai
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shengyuan Liu
- Department of Chronic Disease, Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xingliang Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hao Cao
- Departments of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Pengru Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hui Mai
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhou Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hua Tao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Lili Cui
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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20
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The wide genetic landscape of clinical frontotemporal dementia: systematic combined sequencing of 121 consecutive subjects. Genet Med 2017; 20:240-249. [PMID: 28749476 PMCID: PMC5846812 DOI: 10.1038/gim.2017.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To define the genetic spectrum and relative gene frequencies underlying clinical frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Methods We investigated the frequencies and mutations in neurodegenerative disease genes in 121 consecutive FTD subjects using an unbiased, combined sequencing approach, complemented by cerebrospinal fluid Aβ1-42 and serum progranulin measurements. Subjects were screened for C9orf72 repeat expansions, GRN and MAPT mutations, and, if negative, mutations in other neurodegenerative disease genes, by whole-exome sequencing (WES) (n = 108), including WES-based copy-number variant (CNV) analysis. Results Pathogenic and likely pathogenic mutations were identified in 19% of the subjects, including mutations in C9orf72 (n = 8), GRN (n = 7, one 11-exon macro-deletion) and, more rarely, CHCHD10, TARDBP, SQSTM1 and UBQLN2 (each n = 1), but not in MAPT or TBK1. WES also unraveled pathogenic mutations in genes not commonly linked to FTD, including mutations in Alzheimer (PSEN1, PSEN2), lysosomal (CTSF, 7-exon macro-deletion) and cholesterol homeostasis pathways (CYP27A1). Conclusion Our unbiased approach reveals a wide genetic spectrum underlying clinical FTD, including 11% of seemingly sporadic FTD. It unravels several mutations and CNVs in genes and pathways hitherto not linked to FTD. This suggests that clinical FTD might be the converging downstream result of a delicate susceptibility of frontotemporal brain networks to insults in various pathways.
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21
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Magrinelli F, Pezzini F, Moro F, Santorelli FM, Simonati A. Diagnostic methods and emerging treatments for adult neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (Kufs disease). Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/21678707.2017.1325359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Magrinelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesco Pezzini
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesca Moro
- Molecular Medicine and Neurogenetics Unit, IRCCS Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Simonati
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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