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Tandberg AD, Dahl A, Norbom LB, Westlye LT, Ystrom E, Tamnes CK, Eilertsen EM. Individual differences in internalizing symptoms in late childhood: A variance decomposition into cortical thickness, genetic and environmental differences. Dev Sci 2024:e13537. [PMID: 38874007 DOI: 10.1111/desc.13537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
The brain undergoes extensive development during late childhood and early adolescence. Cortical thinning is a prominent feature of this development, and some researchers have suggested that differences in cortical thickness may be related to internalizing symptoms, which typically increase during the same period. However, research has yielded inconclusive results. We utilized a new method that estimates the combined effect of individual differences in vertex-wise cortical thickness on internalizing symptoms. This approach allows for many small effects to be distributed across the cortex and avoids the necessity of correcting for multiple tests. Using a sample of 8763 children aged 8.9 to 11.1 from the ABCD study, we decomposed the total variation in caregiver-reported internalizing symptoms into differences in cortical thickness, additive genetics, and shared family environmental factors and unique environmental factors. Our results indicated that individual differences in cortical thickness accounted for less than 0.5% of the variation in internalizing symptoms. In contrast, the analysis revealed a substantial effect of additive genetics and family environmental factors on the different components of internalizing symptoms, ranging from 06% to 48% and from 0% to 34%, respectively. Overall, while this study found a minimal association between cortical thickness and internalizing symptoms, additive genetics, and familial environmental factors appear to be of importance for describing differences in internalizing symptoms in late childhood. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: We utilized a new method for modelling the total contribution of vertex-wise individual differences in cortical thickness to internalizing symptoms in late childhood. The total contribution of individual differences in cortical thickness accounted for <0.5% of the variance in internalizing symptoms. Additive genetics and shared family environmental variation accounted for 17% and 34% of the variance in internalizing symptoms, respectively. Our results suggest that cortical thickness is not an important indicator for internalizing symptoms in childhood, whereas genetic and environmental differences have a substantial impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneli D Tandberg
- Department of Psychology, PROMENTA Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Andreas Dahl
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Center for Precision Psychiatry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Linn B Norbom
- Department of Psychology, PROMENTA Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars T Westlye
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Center for Precision Psychiatry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eivind Ystrom
- Department of Psychology, PROMENTA Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- PsychGen Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health, Child Health and Development, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christian K Tamnes
- Department of Psychology, PROMENTA Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Espen M Eilertsen
- Department of Psychology, PROMENTA Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Qiu X, Yang J, Hu X, Li J, Zhao M, Ren F, Weng X, Edden RAE, Gao F, Wang J. Association between hearing ability and cortical morphology in the elderly: multiparametric mapping, cognitive relevance, and neurobiological underpinnings. EBioMedicine 2024; 104:105160. [PMID: 38788630 PMCID: PMC11140565 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hearing impairment is a common condition in the elderly. However, a comprehensive understanding of its neural correlates is still lacking. METHODS We recruited 284 elderly adults who underwent structural MRI, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, audiometry, and cognitive assessments. Individual hearing abilities indexed by pure tone average (PTA) were correlated with multiple structural MRI-derived cortical morphological indices. For regions showing significant correlations, mediation analyses were performed to examine their role in the relationship between hearing ability and cognitive function. Finally, the correlation maps between hearing ability and cortical morphology were linked with publicly available connectomic gradient, transcriptomic, and neurotransmitter maps. FINDINGS Poorer hearing was related to cortical thickness (CT) reductions in widespread regions and gyrification index (GI) reductions in the right Area 52 and Insular Granular Complex. The GI in the right Area 52 mediated the relationship between hearing ability and executive function. This mediating effect was further modulated by glutamate and N-acetylaspartate levels in the right auditory region. The PTA-CT correlation map followed microstructural connectomic hierarchy, were related to genes involved in certain biological processes (e.g., glutamate metabolic process), cell types (e.g., excitatory neurons and astrocytes), and developmental stages (i.e., childhood to young adulthood), and covaried with dopamine receptor 1, dopamine transporter, and fluorodopa. The PTA-GI correlation map was related to 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2a. INTERPRETATION Poorer hearing is associated with cortical thinning and folding reductions, which may be engaged in the relationship between hearing impairment and cognitive decline in the elderly and have different neurobiological substrates. FUNDING See the Acknowledgements section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Qiu
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xin Hu
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Junle Li
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Fuxin Ren
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China; Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xuchu Weng
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Richard A E Edden
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
| | - Jinhui Wang
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Guangzhou, China.
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Miron G, Müller PM, Hohmann L, Oltmanns F, Holtkamp M, Meisel C, Chien C. Cortical Thickness Patterns of Cognitive Impairment Phenotypes in Drug-Resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. Ann Neurol 2024; 95:984-997. [PMID: 38391006 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), a taxonomy classifying patients into 3 cognitive phenotypes has been adopted: minimally, focally, or multidomain cognitively impaired (CI). We examined gray matter (GM) thickness patterns of cognitive phenotypes in drug-resistant TLE and assessed potential use for predicting postsurgical cognitive outcomes. METHODS TLE patients undergoing presurgical evaluation were categorized into cognitive phenotypes. Network edge weights and distances were calculated using type III analysis of variance F-statistics from comparisons of GM regions within each TLE cognitive phenotype and age- and sex-matched healthy participants. In resected patients, logistic regression models (LRMs) based on network analysis results were used for prediction of postsurgical cognitive outcome. RESULTS A total of 124 patients (63 females, mean age ± standard deviation [SD] = 36.0 ± 12.0 years) and 117 healthy controls (63 females, mean age ± SD = 36.1 ± 12.0 years) were analyzed. In the multidomain CI group (n = 66, 53.2%), 28 GM regions were significantly thinner compared to healthy controls. Focally impaired patients (n = 37, 29.8%) showed 13 regions, whereas minimally impaired patients (n = 21, 16.9%) had 2 significantly thinner GM regions. Regions affected in both multidomain and focally impaired patients included the anterior cingulate cortex, medial prefrontal cortex, medial temporal, and lateral temporal regions. In 69 (35 females, mean age ± SD = 33.6 ± 18.0 years) patients who underwent surgery, LRMs based on network-identified GM regions predicted postsurgical verbal memory worsening with a receiver operating curve area under the curve of 0.70 ± 0.15. INTERPRETATION A differential pattern of GM thickness can be found across different cognitive phenotypes in TLE. Including magnetic resonance imaging with clinical measures associated with cognitive profiles has potential in predicting postsurgical cognitive outcomes in drug-resistant TLE. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:984-997.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gadi Miron
- Computational Neurology, Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Epilepsy Center Berlin-Brandenburg, Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Epilepsy Center Berlin-Brandenburg, Institute for Diagnostics of Epilepsy, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul Manuel Müller
- Computational Neurology, Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Louisa Hohmann
- Epilepsy Center Berlin-Brandenburg, Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Epilepsy Center Berlin-Brandenburg, Institute for Diagnostics of Epilepsy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank Oltmanns
- Epilepsy Center Berlin-Brandenburg, Institute for Diagnostics of Epilepsy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Holtkamp
- Epilepsy Center Berlin-Brandenburg, Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Epilepsy Center Berlin-Brandenburg, Institute for Diagnostics of Epilepsy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Meisel
- Computational Neurology, Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Chien
- Experimental Clinical and Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Neuroscience Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Malcorra BLC, García AO, Marcotte K, de Paz H, Schilling LP, da Silva Filho IG, Soder R, da Rosa Franco A, Loureiro F, Hübner LC. Exploring Spoken Discourse and Its Neural Correlates in Women With Alzheimer's Disease With Low Levels of Education and Socioeconomic Status. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2024; 33:893-911. [PMID: 38157526 DOI: 10.1044/2023_ajslp-23-00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Early impairments in spoken discourse abilities have been identified in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the impact of AD on spoken discourse and the associated neuroanatomical correlates have mainly been studied in populations with higher levels of education, although preliminary evidence seems to indicate that socioeconomic status (SES) and level of education have an impact on spoken discourse. The purpose of this study was to analyze microstructural variables in spoken discourse in people with AD with low-to-middle SES and low level of education and to study their association with gray matter (GM) density. METHOD Nine women with AD and 10 matched (age, SES, and education) women without brain injury (WWBI) underwent a neuropsychological assessment, which included two spoken discourse tasks, and structural magnetic resonance imaging. Microstructural variables were extracted from the discourse samples using NILC-Metrix software. Brain density, measured by voxel-based morphometry, was compared between groups and then correlated with the differentiating microstructural variables. RESULTS The AD group produced a lower diversity of verbal time moods and fewer words and sentences than WWBI but a greater diversity of pronouns, prepositions, and lexical richness. At the neural level, the AD group presented a lower GM density bilaterally in the hippocampus, the inferior temporal gyrus, and the anterior cingulate gyrus. Number of words and sentences produced were associated with GM density in the left parahippocampal gyrus, whereas the diversity of verbal moods was associated with the basal ganglia and the anterior cingulate gyrus bilaterally. CONCLUSIONS The present findings are mainly consistent with previous studies conducted in groups with higher levels of SES and education, but they suggest that atrophy in the left inferior temporal gyrus could be critical in AD in populations with lower levels of SES and education. This research provides evidence on the importance of pursuing further studies including people with various SES and education levels. WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT Spoken discourse has been shown to be affected in Alzheimer disease, but most studies have been conducted on individuals with middle-to-high SES and high educational levels. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS The study reports on microstructural measures of spoken discourse in groups of women in the early stage of AD and healthy women, with low-to-middle SES and lower levels of education. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS OF THIS STUDY This study highlights the importance of taking into consideration the SES and education level in spoken discourse analysis and in investigating the neural correlates of AD. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24905046.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Luzia Covatti Malcorra
- Department of Linguistics, School of Humanities, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alberto Osa García
- Centre de recherche du Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Nord-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Québec, Canada
- École d'orthophonie et d'audiologie, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Karine Marcotte
- Centre de recherche du Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Nord-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Québec, Canada
- École d'orthophonie et d'audiologie, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Hanna de Paz
- Centre de recherche du Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Nord-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Québec, Canada
- École d'orthophonie et d'audiologie, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Lucas Porcello Schilling
- Graduate Course in Medicine and Healthy Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Course in Biomedical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul (InsCer)Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Irênio Gomes da Silva Filho
- Graduate Course in Biomedical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Soder
- Graduate Course in Medicine and Healthy Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul (InsCer)Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre da Rosa Franco
- Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, The Nathan S. Kline for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY
- Center for the Developing Brain, Child Mind Institute, New York, NY
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York
| | - Fernanda Loureiro
- Graduate Course in Biomedical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lilian Cristine Hübner
- Department of Linguistics, School of Humanities, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Brasília, DF, Brazil
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Marzi C, Giannelli M, Barucci A, Tessa C, Mascalchi M, Diciotti S. Efficacy of MRI data harmonization in the age of machine learning: a multicenter study across 36 datasets. Sci Data 2024; 11:115. [PMID: 38263181 PMCID: PMC10805868 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02421-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Pooling publicly-available MRI data from multiple sites allows to assemble extensive groups of subjects, increase statistical power, and promote data reuse with machine learning techniques. The harmonization of multicenter data is necessary to reduce the confounding effect associated with non-biological sources of variability in the data. However, when applied to the entire dataset before machine learning, the harmonization leads to data leakage, because information outside the training set may affect model building, and potentially falsely overestimate performance. We propose a 1) measurement of the efficacy of data harmonization; 2) harmonizer transformer, i.e., an implementation of the ComBat harmonization allowing its encapsulation among the preprocessing steps of a machine learning pipeline, avoiding data leakage by design. We tested these tools using brain T1-weighted MRI data from 1740 healthy subjects acquired at 36 sites. After harmonization, the site effect was removed or reduced, and we showed the data leakage effect in predicting individual age from MRI data, highlighting that introducing the harmonizer transformer into a machine learning pipeline allows for avoiding data leakage by design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Marzi
- Department of Statistics, Computer Science and Applications "Giuseppe Parenti", University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy
- "Nello Carrara" Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Giannelli
- Unit of Medical Physics, Pisa University Hospital "Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana", 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Barucci
- "Nello Carrara" Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Carlo Tessa
- Radiology Unit Apuane e Lunigiana, Azienda USL Toscana Nord Ovest, 54100, Massa, Italy
| | - Mario Mascalchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50139, Florence, Italy
- Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Governance, Institute for Study, Prevention and netwoRk in Oncology (ISPRO), 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefano Diciotti
- Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Information Engineering "Guglielmo Marconi" - DEI, University of Bologna, 47522, Cesena, Italy.
- Alma Mater Research Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence, University of Bologna, 40121, Bologna, Italy.
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Scharf C, Koschutnig K, Zussner T, Fink A, Tilp M. Twelve weeks of physical exercise breaks with coordinative exercises at the workplace increase the sulcal depth and decrease gray matter volume in brain structures related to visuomotor processes. Brain Struct Funct 2024; 229:63-74. [PMID: 38070007 PMCID: PMC10827861 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02732-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Physical exercise can evoke changes in the brain structure. Consequently, these can lead to positive impacts on brain health. However, physical exercise studies including coordinative exercises are rare. Therefore, in this study, we investigated how 12 weeks of physical exercise breaks (PEBs) with coordinative exercises, focusing mainly on juggling tasks, affected the brain structure. The participants were randomly allocated to an intervention group (IG, n = 16; 42.8 ± 10.2 years) and a control group (CG, n = 9; 44.2 ± 12.3 years). The IG performed the PEBs with coordinative exercises twice per week for 15-20 min per session. Before the intervention, after 6 weeks of the intervention, and after 12 weeks of the intervention, participants underwent a high-resolution 3T T1-weighted magnetic resonance imagining scan. Juggling performance was assessed by measuring the time taken to perform a three-ball cascade. A surface-based analysis revealed an increase in vertex-wise cortical depth in a cluster including the inferior parietal lobe after 6 and 12 weeks of training in the IG. After 12 weeks, the IG showed a decrease in gray matter (GM) volume in a cluster primarily involving the right insula and the right operculum. The changes in the GM volume were related to improvements in juggling performance. No significant changes were found for the CG. To conclude, the present study showed that regular engagement in PEBs with coordinative exercises led to changes in brain structures strongly implicated in visuomotor processes involving hand and arm movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Scharf
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, University of Graz, Mozartgasse 14, 8010, Graz, Austria.
| | - Karl Koschutnig
- Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Zussner
- Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Fink
- Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Markus Tilp
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, University of Graz, Mozartgasse 14, 8010, Graz, Austria
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Muhammad T, Pai M, Kumar M, Sekher T. Multiple socioeconomic risks and cognitive impairment among older men and women in India. DIALOGUES IN HEALTH 2023; 2:100119. [PMID: 38515485 PMCID: PMC10953885 DOI: 10.1016/j.dialog.2023.100119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Socioeconomic status (SES) is negatively associated with innumerable health outcomes, including cognitive functioning. Yet much remains undiscovered about SES patterns in later-life cognition in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). The purpose of this study was to examine the association between separate and combined socioconomic risks and cognitive impairment among older adults in India. Further, given gender disparities in later life cognitive functioning and SES, the study examines the associations between socioeconomic risks and cognitive impairment separately, for older men and women. Methods Data come from the 2017-18, first wave of the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI), with 31,464 older adults aged 60 years and above. Cognitive impairment was assessed using multiple broad measures of memory, orientation, arithmetic function, and visuo-spatial construction skills. We present descriptive statistics along with cross-tabulation of the outcome variable. Additionally, binary logistic regression analysis was used to test the association between outcome and explanatory variables. SES is measured using education, paid work status, and household wealth measured using monthly per-capita consumption expenditure (MPCE). Results A proportion of 7.14% of the older men and 20.03% of older women reported cognitive impairment. The odds of cognitive impairment were higher among uneducated older men and women, and older men and women in lowest wealth quintile. Surprisingly, older women without current or prior work history report lower odds of cognitive impairment compared to their peers in labor force. While odds of cognitive impairment are higher among non-working older men, this association is not statistically significant. In older men, the odds of cognitive impairment were 5.34, 7.14, and 13.05 times higher with one, two, and three risk factors, respectively, compared with those with no risk exposure. A similar trend was observed for women but with comparatively lower odds. Conclusions Our findings underscore the need to distinguish between varying elements of SES to construct "upstream" health policies and programs that redistribute resources. In particular, the findings support the use of multiple SES indicators in identifying older adults most susceptible to cognitive deficits, and planning gender-based interventions to improve cognitive health in late life.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Muhammad
- Department of Family and Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400088, India
| | - Manacy Pai
- Department of Sociology, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - Manish Kumar
- Population Research Centre, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - T.V. Sekher
- Department of Family and Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400088, India
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Schilling KG, Archer D, Rheault F, Lyu I, Huo Y, Cai LY, Bunge SA, Weiner KS, Gore JC, Anderson AW, Landman BA. Superficial white matter across development, young adulthood, and aging: volume, thickness, and relationship with cortical features. Brain Struct Funct 2023; 228:1019-1031. [PMID: 37074446 PMCID: PMC10320929 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02642-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Superficial white matter (SWM) represents a significantly understudied part of the human brain, despite comprising a large portion of brain volume and making up a majority of cortico-cortical white matter connections. Using multiple, high-quality datasets with large sample sizes (N = 2421, age range 5-100) in combination with methodological advances in tractography, we quantified features of SWM volume and thickness across the brain and across development, young adulthood, and aging. We had four primary aims: (1) characterize SWM thickness across brain regions (2) describe associations between SWM volume and age (3) describe associations between SWM thickness and age, and (4) quantify relationships between SWM thickness and cortical features. Our main findings are that (1) SWM thickness varies across the brain, with patterns robust across individuals and across the population at the region-level and vertex-level; (2) SWM volume shows unique volumetric trajectories with age that are distinct from gray matter and other white matter trajectories; (3) SWM thickness shows nonlinear cross-sectional changes across the lifespan that vary across regions; and (4) SWM thickness is associated with features of cortical thickness and curvature. For the first time, we show that SWM volume follows a similar trend as overall white matter volume, peaking at a similar time in adolescence, leveling off throughout adulthood, and decreasing with age thereafter. Notably, the relative fraction of total brain volume of SWM continuously increases with age, and consequently takes up a larger proportion of total white matter volume, unlike the other tissue types that decrease with respect to total brain volume. This study represents the first characterization of SWM features across the large portion of the lifespan and provides the background for characterizing normal aging and insight into the mechanisms associated with SWM development and decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt G Schilling
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Derek Archer
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Francois Rheault
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ilwoo Lyu
- Computer Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Yuankai Huo
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Leon Y Cai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Silvia A Bunge
- Department of Psychology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, USA
| | - Kevin S Weiner
- Department of Psychology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, USA
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, USA
| | - John C Gore
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Adam W Anderson
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Bennett A Landman
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Computer Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
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9
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Cascino G, Canna A, Russo AG, Monaco F, Esposito F, Di Salle F, Monteleone P, Monteleone AM. Childhood maltreatment is associated with cortical thinning in people with eating disorders. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 273:459-466. [PMID: 35852616 PMCID: PMC10070200 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-022-01456-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Childhood maltreatment (CM) is a non-specific risk factor for eating disorders (ED) and is associated with a greater severity in their clinical presentation and poorer treatment outcome. These data suggest that maltreated people with ED may be biologically other than clinically different from non-maltreated people. The aim of the present study was to investigate cortical thickness (CT), a possible biomarker of neurodevelopment, in people with ED with or without history of CM and in healthy women. Twenty-four healthy women, 26 with anorexia nervosa and 24 with bulimia nervosa underwent a 3T MRI scan. All participants filled in the childhood trauma questionnaire. All neuroimaging data were processed by FreeSurfer. Twenty-four participants with ED were identified as maltreated and 26 participants with ED as non-maltreated. All healthy women were non-maltreated. Compared to healthy women, maltreated people with ED showed lower CT in the left rostral anterior cingulate gyrus, while compared to people with ED without history of CM showed lower CT values in the left superior frontal and in right caudal middle frontal and superior parietal gyri. No significant differences emerged in CT measures between healthy women and people with ED without history of CM. The present findings show for the first time that in adult people with ED childhood maltreatment is associated with cortical thinning in areas implicated in the modulation of brain processes that are acknowledged to play a role in the psychopathology of ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giammarco Cascino
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', Section of Neurosciences, University of Salerno, Via Allende 1, Baronissi, 84081, Salerno, Italy.
| | - Antonietta Canna
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Gerardo Russo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', Section of Neurosciences, University of Salerno, Via Allende 1, Baronissi, 84081, Salerno, Italy
| | | | - Fabrizio Esposito
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Salle
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', Section of Neurosciences, University of Salerno, Via Allende 1, Baronissi, 84081, Salerno, Italy
| | - Palmiero Monteleone
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', Section of Neurosciences, University of Salerno, Via Allende 1, Baronissi, 84081, Salerno, Italy
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10
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Ku BS, Addington J, Bearden CE, Cadenhead KS, Cannon TD, Compton MT, Cornblatt BA, Druss BG, Keshavan M, Mathalon DH, Perkins DO, Stone WS, Tsuang MT, Woods SW, Walker EF. The associations between area-level residential instability and gray matter volumes from the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study (NAPLS) consortium. Schizophr Res 2022; 241:1-9. [PMID: 35066429 PMCID: PMC8960350 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Area-level residential instability (ARI), an index of social fragmentation, has been shown to explain the association between urbanicity and psychosis. Urban upbringing has been shown to be associated with reduced gray matter volumes (GMV)s of brain regions corresponding to the right caudal middle frontal gyrus (CMFG) and rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC). We hypothesize that greater ARI will be associated with reduced right CMFG and rACC GMVs. METHODS Data were collected at baseline as part of the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study Phase 2. Counties where participants resided during childhood were geographically coded using the US Census to area-level factors. ARI was defined as the percentage of residents living in a different house 5 years ago. Generalized linear mixed models tested associations between ARI and GMVs. RESULTS This study included 29 healthy controls (HC)s and 64 clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P) individuals who were aged 12 to 24 years, had remained in their baseline residential area, and had magnetic resonance imaging scans. ARI was associated with reduced right CMFG (adjusted β = -0.258; 95% CI = -0.502 to -0.015) and right rACC volumes (adjusted β = -0.318; 95% CI = -0.612 to -0.023). The interaction term (ARI-by-diagnostic group) in the prediction of both brain regions was not significant, indicating that the relationships between ARI and regional brain volumes held for both CHR-P and HCs. CONCLUSIONS ARI may adversely impact similar brain regions as urban upbringing. Further investigation into the potential mechanisms of the relationship between ARI and neurobiology, including social stress, is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benson S Ku
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States.
| | - Jean Addington
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Carrie E Bearden
- Departments of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kristin S Cadenhead
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Tyrone D Cannon
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Michael T Compton
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, United States; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Barbara A Cornblatt
- Division of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, United States
| | - Benjamin G Druss
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Matcheri Keshavan
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Daniel H Mathalon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States; San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Diana O Perkins
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - William S Stone
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ming T Tsuang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Scott W Woods
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Elaine F Walker
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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11
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Dominguez EN, Stark SM, Ren Y, Corrada MM, Kawas CH, Stark CEL. Regional Cortical Thickness Predicts Top Cognitive Performance in the Elderly. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:751375. [PMID: 34803657 PMCID: PMC8601448 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.751375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
While aging is typically associated with cognitive decline, some individuals are able to diverge from the characteristic downward slope and maintain very high levels of cognitive performance. Prior studies have found that cortical thickness in the cingulate cortex, a region involved in information processing, memory, and attention, distinguish those with exceptional cognitive abilities when compared to their cognitively more typical elderly peers. Others major areas outside of the cingulate, such as the prefrontal cortex and insula, are also key in successful aging well into late age, suggesting that structural properties across a wide range of areas may better explain differences in cognitive abilities. Here, we aim to assess the role of regional cortical thickness, both in the cingulate and the whole brain, in modeling Top Cognitive Performance (TCP), measured by performance in the top 50th percentile of memory and executive function. Using data from National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center and The 90 + Study, we examined healthy subjects aged 70–100 years old. We found that, while thickness in cingulate regions can model TCP status with some degree of accuracy, a whole-brain, network-level approach out-performed the localist, cingulate models. These findings suggests a need for more network-style approaches and furthers our understanding of neurobiological factors contributing to preserved cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Nicole Dominguez
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Shauna M Stark
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Yueqi Ren
- Mathematical, Computational and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Maria M Corrada
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.,Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Claudia H Kawas
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.,Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Craig E L Stark
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.,Mathematical, Computational and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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12
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Jansen MG, Geerligs L, Claassen JAHR, Overdorp EJ, Brazil IA, Kessels RPC, Oosterman JM. Positive Effects of Education on Cognitive Functioning Depend on Clinical Status and Neuropathological Severity. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:723728. [PMID: 34566608 PMCID: PMC8459869 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.723728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Variability in cognitive functions in healthy and pathological aging is often explained by educational attainment. However, it remains unclear to which extent different disease states alter protective effects of education. We aimed to investigate whether protective effects of education on cognition depend on (1) clinical diagnosis severity, and (2) the neuropathological burden within a diagnosis in a memory clinic setting. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we included 108 patients with subjective cognitive decline [SCD, median age 71, IQR (66-78), 43% men], 190 with mild cognitive impairment [MCI, median age 78, IQR (73-82), 44% men], and 245 with Alzheimer's disease dementia (AD) [median age 80, IQR (76-84), 35% men]. We combined visual ratings of hippocampal atrophy, global atrophy, and white matter hyperintensities on MRI into a single neuropathology score. To investigate whether the contribution of education to cognitive performance differed across SCD, MCI, and AD, we employed several multiple linear regression models, stratified by diagnosis and adjusted for age, sex, and neurodegeneration. We re-ran each model with an additional interaction term to investigate whether these effects were influenced by neuropathological burden for each diagnostic group separately. False discovery rate (FDR) corrections for multiple comparisons were applied. Results: We observed significant positive associations between education and performance for global cognition and executive functions (all adjusted p-values < 0.05). As diagnosis became more severe, however, the strength of these associations decreased (all adjusted p-values < 0.05). Education related to episodic memory only at relatively lower levels of neuropathology in SCD (β = -0.23, uncorrected p = 0.02), whereas education related to episodic memory in those with higher levels of neuropathology in MCI (β = 0.15, uncorrected p = 0.04). However, these interaction effects did not survive FDR-corrections. Conclusions: Altogether, our results demonstrated that positive effects of education on cognitive functioning reduce with diagnosis severity, but the role of neuropathological burden within a particular diagnosis was small and warrants further investigation. Future studies may further unravel the extent to which different dimensions of an individual's disease severity contribute to the waxing and waning of protective effects in cognitive aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle G. Jansen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Linda Geerligs
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jurgen A. H. R. Claassen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Radboudumc Alzheimer Center, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Inti A. Brazil
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Roy P. C. Kessels
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Medical Psychology, Radboudumc Alzheimer Center, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Vincent van Gogh Institute for Psychiatry, Venray, Netherlands
| | - Joukje M. Oosterman
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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