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Leong VS, Yu J, Castor K, Al-Ezzi A, Arakaki X, Fonteh AN. Associations of Plasma Glutamatergic Metabolites with Alpha Desynchronization during Cognitive Interference and Working Memory Tasks in Asymptomatic Alzheimer's Disease. Cells 2024; 13:970. [PMID: 38891102 PMCID: PMC11171970 DOI: 10.3390/cells13110970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Electroencephalogram (EEG) studies have suggested compensatory brain overactivation in cognitively healthy (CH) older adults with pathological beta-amyloid(Aβ42)/tau ratios during working memory and interference processing. However, the association between glutamatergic metabolites and brain activation proxied by EEG signals has not been thoroughly investigated. We aim to determine the involvement of these metabolites in EEG signaling. We focused on CH older adults classified under (1) normal CSF Aβ42/tau ratios (CH-NATs) and (2) pathological Aβ42/tau ratios (CH-PATs). We measured plasma glutamine, glutamate, pyroglutamate, and γ-aminobutyric acid concentrations using tandem mass spectrometry and conducted a correlational analysis with alpha frequency event-related desynchronization (ERD). Under the N-back working memory paradigm, CH-NATs presented negative correlations (r = ~-0.74--0.96, p = 0.0001-0.0414) between pyroglutamate and alpha ERD but positive correlations (r = ~0.82-0.95, p = 0.0003-0.0119) between glutamine and alpha ERD. Under Stroop interference testing, CH-NATs generated negative correlations between glutamine and left temporal alpha ERD (r = -0.96, p = 0.037 and r = -0.97, p = 0.027). Our study demonstrated that glutamine and pyroglutamate levels were associated with EEG activity only in CH-NATs. These results suggest cognitively healthy adults with amyloid/tau pathology experience subtle metabolic dysfunction that may influence EEG signaling during cognitive challenge. A longitudinal follow-up study with a larger sample size is needed to validate these pilot studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Sonny Leong
- Cognition and Brain Integration Laboratory, Neurosciences Department, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA 91105, USA (X.A.)
| | - Jiaquan Yu
- Biomarker and Neuro-Disease Mechanism Laboratory, Neurosciences Department, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA 91105, USA
| | - Katherine Castor
- Biomarker and Neuro-Disease Mechanism Laboratory, Neurosciences Department, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA 91105, USA
| | - Abdulhakim Al-Ezzi
- Cognition and Brain Integration Laboratory, Neurosciences Department, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA 91105, USA (X.A.)
| | - Xianghong Arakaki
- Cognition and Brain Integration Laboratory, Neurosciences Department, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA 91105, USA (X.A.)
| | - Alfred Nji Fonteh
- Biomarker and Neuro-Disease Mechanism Laboratory, Neurosciences Department, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA 91105, USA
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2
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Thomson AR, Hwa H, Pasanta D, Hopwood B, Powell HJ, Lawrence R, Tabuenca ZG, Arichi T, Edden RAE, Chai X, Puts NA. The developmental trajectory of 1H-MRS brain metabolites from childhood to adulthood. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae046. [PMID: 38430105 PMCID: PMC10908220 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Human brain development is ongoing throughout childhood, with for example, myelination of nerve fibers and refinement of synaptic connections continuing until early adulthood. 1H-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H-MRS) can be used to quantify the concentrations of endogenous metabolites (e.g. glutamate and γ -aminobutyric acid (GABA)) in the human brain in vivo and so can provide valuable, tractable insight into the biochemical processes that support postnatal neurodevelopment. This can feasibly provide new insight into and aid the management of neurodevelopmental disorders by providing chemical markers of atypical development. This study aims to characterize the normative developmental trajectory of various brain metabolites, as measured by 1H-MRS from a midline posterior parietal voxel. We find significant non-linear trajectories for GABA+ (GABA plus macromolecules), Glx (glutamate + glutamine), total choline (tCho) and total creatine (tCr) concentrations. Glx and GABA+ concentrations steeply decrease across childhood, with more stable trajectories across early adulthood. tCr and tCho concentrations increase from childhood to early adulthood. Total N-acetyl aspartate (tNAA) and Myo-Inositol (mI) concentrations are relatively stable across development. Trajectories likely reflect fundamental neurodevelopmental processes (including local circuit refinement) which occur from childhood to early adulthood and can be associated with cognitive development; we find GABA+ concentrations significantly positively correlate with recognition memory scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice R Thomson
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Department of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Hwa
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Duanghathai Pasanta
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Hopwood
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Helen J Powell
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Ross Lawrence
- Division of Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, 1629 Thames Street Suite 350, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States
| | - Zeus G Tabuenca
- Department of Statistical Methods, University of Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain
| | - Tomoki Arichi
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Department of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Developing Brain, Department of Perinatal Imaging & Health, 1st Floor, South Wing, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Richard A E Edden
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 601 North Caroline Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States
- F.M. Kirby Research Centre for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, 707 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - Xiaoqian Chai
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, QC H3A2B4, Canada
| | - Nicolaas A Puts
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Department of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
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3
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Snipes S, Krugliakova E, Jaramillo V, Volk C, Furrer M, Studler M, LeBourgeois M, Kurth S, Jenni OG, Huber R. Wake EEG oscillation dynamics reflect both sleep need and brain maturation across childhood and adolescence. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.24.581878. [PMID: 38463948 PMCID: PMC10925212 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.24.581878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
An objective measure of brain maturation is highly insightful for monitoring both typical and atypical development. Slow wave activity, recorded in the sleep electroencephalogram (EEG), reliably indexes changes in brain plasticity with age, as well as deficits related to developmental disorders such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Unfortunately, measuring sleep EEG is resource-intensive and burdensome for participants. We therefore aimed to determine whether wake EEG could likewise index developmental changes in brain plasticity. We analyzed high-density wake EEG collected from 163 participants 3-25 years old, before and after a night of sleep. We compared two measures of oscillatory EEG activity, amplitudes and density, as well as two measures of aperiodic activity, intercepts and slopes. Furthermore, we compared these measures in patients with ADHD (8-17 y.o., N=58) to neurotypical controls. We found that wake oscillation amplitudes behaved the same as sleep slow wave activity: amplitudes decreased with age, decreased after sleep, and this overnight decrease decreased with age. Oscillation densities were also substantially age-dependent, decreasing overnight in children and increasing overnight in adolescents and adults. While both aperiodic intercepts and slopes decreased linearly with age, intercepts decreased overnight, and slopes increased overnight. Overall, our results indicate that wake oscillation amplitudes track both development and sleep need, and overnight changes in oscillation density reflect some yet-unknown shift in neural activity around puberty. No wake measure showed significant effects of ADHD, thus indicating that wake EEG measures, while easier to record, are not as sensitive as those during sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Snipes
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elena Krugliakova
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Donders Institute, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Valeria Jaramillo
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
- Surrey Sleep Research Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute Care Research and Technology Centre, Imperial College London and the University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Carina Volk
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Melanie Furrer
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mirjam Studler
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Social Neuroscience and Social Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Monique LeBourgeois
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Integrative Physiology, Boulder, Colorado, USA
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- In memoriam
| | - Salome Kurth
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oskar G Jenni
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reto Huber
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Switzerland
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4
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Mucignat-Caretta C, Soravia G. Positive or negative environmental modulations on human brain development: the morpho-functional outcomes of music training or stress. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1266766. [PMID: 38027483 PMCID: PMC10657192 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1266766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last couple of decades, the study of human living brain has benefitted of neuroimaging and non-invasive electrophysiological techniques, which are particularly valuable during development. A number of studies allowed to trace the usual stages leading from pregnancy to adult age, and relate them to functional and behavioral measurements. It was also possible to explore the effects of some interventions, behavioral or not, showing that the commonly followed pathway to adulthood may be steered by external interventions. These events may result in behavioral modifications but also in structural changes, in some cases limiting plasticity or extending/modifying critical periods. In this review, we outline the healthy human brain development in the absence of major issues or diseases. Then, the effects of negative (different stressors) and positive (music training) environmental stimuli on brain and behavioral development is depicted. Hence, it may be concluded that the typical development follows a course strictly dependent from environmental inputs, and that external intervention can be designed to positively counteract negative influences, particularly at young ages. We also focus on the social aspect of development, which starts in utero and continues after birth by building social relationships. This poses a great responsibility in handling children education and healthcare politics, pointing to social accountability for the responsible development of each child.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giulia Soravia
- Department of Mother and Child Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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5
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Perdue MV, DeMayo MM, Bell TK, Boudes E, Bagshawe M, Harris AD, Lebel C. Changes in brain metabolite levels across childhood. Neuroimage 2023; 274:120087. [PMID: 37080345 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolites play important roles in brain development and their levels change rapidly in the prenatal period and during infancy. Metabolite levels are thought to stabilize during childhood, but the development of neurochemistry across early-middle childhood remains understudied. We examined the developmental changes of key metabolites (total N-acetylaspartate, tNAA; total choline, tCho; total creatine, tCr; glutamate+glutamine, Glx; and myo-inositol, mI) using short echo-time magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the left temporo-parietal cortex (LTP) using a mixed cross-sectional/longitudinal design in children aged 2-11 years (ACC: N=101 children, 112 observations; LTP: N=95 children, 318 observations). We found age-related effects for all metabolites. tNAA increased with age in both regions, while tCho decreased with age in both regions. tCr increased with age in the LTP only, and mI decreased with age in the ACC only. Glx did not show linear age effects in either region, but a follow-up analysis in only participants with ≥3 datapoints in the LTP revealed a quadratic effect of age following an inverted U-shape. These substantial changes in neurochemistry throughout childhood likely underlie various processes of structural and functional brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meaghan V Perdue
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary
| | - Marilena M DeMayo
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary; Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education; Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary
| | - Tiffany K Bell
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary
| | | | - Mercedes Bagshawe
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute; Werklund School of Education, University of Calgary
| | - Ashley D Harris
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary
| | - Catherine Lebel
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary.
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6
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Tuura RO, Volk C, Callaghan F, Jaramillo V, Huber R. Sleep-related and diurnal effects on brain diffusivity and cerebrospinal fluid flow. Neuroimage 2021; 241:118420. [PMID: 34302966 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The question of how waste products are cleared from the brain, and the role which sleep plays in this process, is critical for our understanding of a range of physical and mental illnesses. In rodents, both circadian and sleep-related processes appear to facilitate clearance of waste products. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether overnight changes in diffusivity, brain volumes, and cerebrospinal fluid flow measured with MRI are associated with sleep parameters from overnight high-density sleep EEG, and circadian markers. In healthy adults investigated with MRI before and after sleep EEG, we observed an increase in water diffusivity overnight, which was positively related to the proportion of total sleep time spent in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, and negatively associated with the fraction of sleep time spent in non rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. Diffusivity was also associated with the sleep midpoint, a circadian marker. CSF flow increased overnight; this increase was unrelated to sleep or diffusivity measures but was associated with circadian markers. These results provide evidence for both sleep related and diurnal effects on water compartmentalisation within the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth O'Gorman Tuura
- Center for MR Research, University Children's Hospital, University of Zürich, Switzerland; Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, University of Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Carina Volk
- Center for MR Research, University Children's Hospital, University of Zürich, Switzerland; Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, University of Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Fraser Callaghan
- Center for MR Research, University Children's Hospital, University of Zürich, Switzerland; Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, University of Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Valeria Jaramillo
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, University of Zürich, Switzerland; Child Development Center and Pediatric Sleep Center, University Children's Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Reto Huber
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, University of Zürich, Switzerland; Child Development Center and Pediatric Sleep Center, University Children's Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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7
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Gefferie SR, Maric A, Critelli H, Gueden S, Kurlemann G, Kurth S, Nosadini M, Plecko B, Ringli M, Rostásy K, Sartori S, Schmitt B, Suppiej A, Van Bogaert P, Wehrle FM, Huber R, Bölsterli BK. Altered EEG markers of synaptic plasticity in a human model of NMDA receptor deficiency: Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. Neuroimage 2021; 239:118281. [PMID: 34147627 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasticity of synaptic strength and density is a vital mechanism enabling memory consolidation, learning, and neurodevelopment. It is strongly dependent on the intact function of N-Methyl-d-Aspartate Receptors (NMDAR). The importance of NMDAR is further evident as their dysfunction is involved in many diseases such as schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, neurodevelopmental disorders, and epilepsies. Synaptic plasticity is thought to be reflected by changes of sleep slow wave slopes across the night, namely higher slopes after wakefulness at the beginning of sleep than after a night of sleep. Hence, a functional NMDAR deficiency should theoretically lead to altered overnight changes of slow wave slopes. Here we investigated whether pediatric patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis, being a very rare but unique human model of NMDAR deficiency due to autoantibodies against receptor subunits, indeed show alterations in this sleep EEG marker for synaptic plasticity. We retrospectively analyzed 12 whole-night EEGs of 9 patients (age 4.3-20.8 years, 7 females) and compared them to a control group of 45 healthy individuals with the same age distribution. Slow wave slopes were calculated for the first and last hour of Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) sleep (factor 'hour') for patients and controls (factor 'group'). There was a significant interaction between 'hour' and 'group' (p = 0.013), with patients showing a smaller overnight decrease of slow wave slopes than controls. Moreover, we found smaller slopes during the first hour in patients (p = 0.022), whereas there was no group difference during the last hour of NREM sleep (p = 0.980). Importantly, the distribution of sleep stages was not different between the groups, and in our main analyses of patients without severe disturbance of sleep architecture, neither was the incidence of slow waves. These possible confounders could therefore not account for the differences in the slow wave slope values, which we also saw in the analysis of the whole sample of EEGs. These results suggest that quantitative EEG analysis of slow wave characteristics may reveal impaired synaptic plasticity in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis, a human model of functional NMDAR deficiency. Thus, in the future, the changes of sleep slow wave slopes may contribute to the development of electrophysiological biomarkers of functional NMDAR deficiency and synaptic plasticity in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvano R Gefferie
- Department of Neuropediatrics, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland; Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland; Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), 2103 SW, Heemstede, Netherlands
| | - Angelina Maric
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hanne Critelli
- Department of Neuropediatrics, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland; Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Gueden
- Service de Pédiatrie, CHU d'Angers, 49933, Angers, France
| | | | - Salome Kurth
- Pulmonary Clinic, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Margherita Nosadini
- Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua, 35122, Padua, Italy
| | - Barbara Plecko
- Department of Neuropediatrics, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland; Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of General Pediatrics, Medical University of Graz, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Maya Ringli
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kevin Rostásy
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Children's Hospital Datteln, Witten/Herdecke University, 58448, Datteln/Witten, Germany
| | - Stefano Sartori
- Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua, 35122, Padua, Italy
| | - Bernhard Schmitt
- Department of Neuropediatrics, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland; Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Agnese Suppiej
- Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua, 35122, Padua, Italy; Department of Medical Sciences, Pediatric Section, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Flavia M Wehrle
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland; Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reto Huber
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland; Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bigna K Bölsterli
- Department of Neuropediatrics, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland; Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland.
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8
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Jaramillo V, Volk C, Maric A, Furrer M, Fattinger S, Kurth S, Lustenberger C, Huber R. Characterization of overnight slow-wave slope changes across development in an age-, amplitude-, and region-dependent manner. Sleep 2020; 43:5802398. [PMID: 32154557 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES The restorative function of sleep has been linked to a net reduction in synaptic strength. The slope of slow-waves, a major characteristic of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, has been shown to directly reflect synaptic strength, when accounting for amplitude changes across the night. In this study, we aimed to investigate overnight slope changes in the course of development in an age-, amplitude-, and region-dependent manner. METHODS All-night high-density electroencephalography data were analyzed in a cross-sectional population of 60 healthy participants in the age range of 8-29 years. To control for amplitude changes across the night, we matched slow-waves from the first and the last hour of NREM sleep according to their amplitude. RESULTS We found a reduction of slow-wave slopes from the first to the last hour of NREM sleep across all investigated ages, amplitudes, and most brain regions. The overnight slope change was largest in children and decreased toward early adulthood. A topographical analysis revealed regional differences in slope change. Specifically, for small amplitude waves the decrease was smallest in an occipital area, whereas for large amplitude waves, the decrease was smallest in a central area. CONCLUSIONS The larger slope decrease in children might be indicative of a boosted renormalization of synapses during sleep in childhood, which, in turn, might be related to increased plasticity during brain maturation. Regional differences in the extent of slow-wave slope reduction may reflect a "smart" down-selection process or, alternatively, indicate amplitude-dependent differences in the generation of slow-waves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Jaramillo
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Carina Volk
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Center for MR Research, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Angelina Maric
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Melanie Furrer
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sara Fattinger
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Salome Kurth
- Pulmonary Clinic, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Reto Huber
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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