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Granato G, Baldassarre G. Bridging flexible goal-directed cognition and consciousness: The Goal-Aligning Representation Internal Manipulation theory. Neural Netw 2024; 176:106292. [PMID: 38657422 DOI: 10.1016/j.neunet.2024.106292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Goal-directed manipulation of internal representations is a key element of human flexible behaviour, while consciousness is commonly associated with higher-order cognition and human flexibility. Current perspectives have only partially linked these processes, thus preventing a clear understanding of how they jointly generate flexible cognition and behaviour. Moreover, these limitations prevent an effective exploitation of this knowledge for technological scopes. We propose a new theoretical perspective that extends our 'three-component theory of flexible cognition' toward higher-order cognition and consciousness, based on the systematic integration of key concepts from Cognitive Neuroscience and AI/Robotics. The theory proposes that the function of conscious processes is to support the alignment of representations with multi-level goals. This higher alignment leads to more flexible and effective behaviours. We analyse here our previous model of goal-directed flexible cognition (validated with more than 20 human populations) as a starting GARIM-inspired model. By bridging the main theories of consciousness and goal-directed behaviour, the theory has relevant implications for scientific and technological fields. In particular, it contributes to developing new experimental tasks and interpreting clinical evidence. Finally, it indicates directions for improving machine learning and robotics systems and for informing real-world applications (e.g., in digital-twin healthcare and roboethics).
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Granato
- Laboratory of Embodied Natural and Artificial Intelligence, Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Baldassarre
- Laboratory of Embodied Natural and Artificial Intelligence, Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy.
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Ge S, Liu J, Jia Y, Li Z, Wang J, Wang M. Topological alteration of the brain structural network in Parkinson's disease with apathy. Brain Res Bull 2024; 208:110899. [PMID: 38340778 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.110899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apathy is a common neuropsychiatric manifestations in Parkinson's disease (PD), but neural network mechanisms still remain elusive. We aim to investigate the topological alteration of the brain structural network in PD with apathy. METHOD In the present study, a total of 47 apathetic PD (aPD) patients, 37 non-apathetic PD (naPD) patients, and 40 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in conjunction with graph-theoretic approaches were used to explore the alterations of topological properties of the WM structural network arising from apathy in PD. One-way analysis of covariance and post hoc analyses were performed to explore differences among the three groups. Correlations were ascertained to examine relationships between the Starkstein Apathy Scale (AS) scores and significantly different network metrics among the three groups. RESULTS Both aPD and naPD patients remained small-world topology. However, compared with the naPD patients, aPD patients showed increased clustering coefficient (Cp) at the global level. At the regional level, aPD exhibited decreased nodal properties, mainly in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), the right caudate nucleus (CAU), the right hippocampus, and the right superior parietal gyrus. Further, AS scores were negatively correlated with degree centrality of the right DLPFC (r = -0.254, p = 0.020) and the right CAU ( r = -0.357, p = 0.001) in the pooled patients with PD. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggested that apathy in PD presented relatively optimized global topological properties of the brain structural network and disrupted topological organization of the regional network, particularly involving the fronto-striatal-limbic circuits. The altered topological properties of abnormal brain regions might be used to understand the physiopathologic mechanism of the neural network in aPD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyun Ge
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yongfeng Jia
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zihan Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
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Tazza F, Schiavi S, Leveraro E, Cellerino M, Boffa G, Ballerini S, Dighero M, Uccelli A, Sbragia E, Aluan K, Inglese M, Lapucci C. Clinical and radiological correlates of apathy in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 2024; 30:247-256. [PMID: 38095151 DOI: 10.1177/13524585231217918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although apathy has been associated with fronto-striatal dysfunction in several neurological disorders, its clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) correlates have been poorly investigated in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). OBJECTIVES To evaluate clinical variables and investigate microstructural integrity of fronto-striatal grey matter (GM) and white matter (WM) structures using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). METHODS A total of 123 PwMS (age: 40.25 ± 11.5; female: 60.9%; relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: 75.6%) were prospectively enrolled and underwent neurological and neuropsychological evaluation, including Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES-S), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS) and brain 3T-MRI volumes of whole brain, frontal/prefrontal cortex (PFC) and subcortical regions were calculated. DTI-derived metrics were evaluated in the same GM regions and in connecting WM tracts. RESULTS Apathetic PwMS (32.5%) showed lower education levels, higher HADS, MFIS scores and WM lesions volume than nonapathetic PwMS. Significant differences in DTI metrics were found in middle frontal, anterior cingulate and superior frontal PFC subregions and in caudate nuclei. Significant alterations were found in the right cingulum and left striatal-frontorbital tracts. CONCLUSIONS Apathy in PwMS is associated with higher levels of physical disability, depression, anxiety and fatigue together with lower educational backgrounds. Microstructural damage within frontal cortex, caudate and fronto-striatal WM bundles is a significant pathological substrate of apathy in multiple sclerosis (MS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Tazza
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simona Schiavi
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Elisa Leveraro
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Cellerino
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giacomo Boffa
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Stefania Ballerini
- Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mara Dighero
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Antonio Uccelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Elvira Sbragia
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Kenda Aluan
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Matilde Inglese
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Caterina Lapucci
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
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Béreau M, Kibleur A, Servant M, Clément G, Dujardin K, Rolland AS, Wirth T, Lagha-Boukbiza O, Voirin J, Santin MDN, Hainque E, Grabli D, Comte A, Drapier S, Durif F, Marques A, Eusebio A, Azulay JP, Giordana C, Houeto JL, Jarraya B, Maltete D, Rascol O, Rouaud T, Tir M, Moreau C, Danaila T, Prange S, Tatu L, Tranchant C, Corvol JC, Devos D, Thobois S, Desmarets M, Anheim M. Motivational and cognitive predictors of apathy after subthalamic nucleus stimulation in Parkinson's disease. Brain 2024; 147:472-485. [PMID: 37787488 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Postoperative apathy is a frequent symptom in Parkinson's disease patients who have undergone bilateral deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus. Two main hypotheses for postoperative apathy have been suggested: (i) dopaminergic withdrawal syndrome relative to postoperative dopaminergic drug tapering; and (ii) direct effect of chronic stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus. The primary objective of our study was to describe preoperative and 1-year postoperative apathy in Parkinson's disease patients who underwent chronic bilateral deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus. We also aimed to identify factors associated with 1-year postoperative apathy considering: (i) preoperative clinical phenotype; (ii) dopaminergic drug management; and (iii) volume of tissue activated within the subthalamic nucleus and the surrounding structures. We investigated a prospective clinical cohort of 367 patients before and 1 year after chronic bilateral deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus. We assessed apathy using the Lille Apathy Rating Scale and carried out a systematic evaluation of motor, cognitive and behavioural signs. We modelled the volume of tissue activated in 161 patients using the Lead-DBS toolbox and analysed overlaps within motor, cognitive and limbic parts of the subthalamic nucleus. Of the 367 patients, 94 (25.6%) exhibited 1-year postoperative apathy: 67 (18.2%) with 'de novo apathy' and 27 (7.4%) with 'sustained apathy'. We observed disappearance of preoperative apathy in 22 (6.0%) patients, who were classified as having 'reversed apathy'. Lastly, 251 (68.4%) patients had neither preoperative nor postoperative apathy and were classified as having 'no apathy'. We identified preoperative apathy score [odds ratio (OR) 1.16; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10, 1.22; P < 0.001], preoperative episodic memory free recall score (OR 0.93; 95% CI 0.88, 0.97; P = 0.003) and 1-year postoperative motor responsiveness (OR 0.98; 95% CI 0.96, 0.99; P = 0.009) as the main factors associated with postoperative apathy. We showed that neither dopaminergic dose reduction nor subthalamic stimulation were associated with postoperative apathy. Patients with 'sustained apathy' had poorer preoperative fronto-striatal cognitive status and a higher preoperative action initiation apathy subscore. In these patients, apathy score and cognitive status worsened postoperatively despite significantly lower reduction in dopamine agonists (P = 0.023), suggesting cognitive dopa-resistant apathy. Patients with 'reversed apathy' benefited from the psychostimulant effect of chronic stimulation of the limbic part of the left subthalamic nucleus (P = 0.043), suggesting motivational apathy. Our results highlight the need for careful preoperative assessment of motivational and cognitive components of apathy as well as executive functions in order to better prevent or manage postoperative apathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Béreau
- Department of Neurology, NS-PARK/F-CRIN network, University Hospital of Besançon, 25030 Besançon Cedex, France
- UR LINC 481, Université de Franche-Comté, F-2500 Besançon, France
| | - Astrid Kibleur
- LIP/PC2S, Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, 38040 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Mathieu Servant
- UR LINC 481, Université de Franche-Comté, F-2500 Besançon, France
| | - Gautier Clément
- Department of Neurology, NS-PARK/F-CRIN network, University Hospital of Besançon, 25030 Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Kathy Dujardin
- Lille Neurosciences and Cognition, CHU-Lille, Neurology and Movement Disorders department, NS-Park/F-CRIN network, Univ. Lille, 59037 Lille, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Rolland
- Lille Neurosciences and Cognition, CHU-Lille, Department of Medical Pharmacology, NS-Park/F-CRIN, Univ. Lille, Inserm, 59045 Lille, France
| | - Thomas Wirth
- Service de Neurologie, NS-Park/F-CRIN network, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg et Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Médecine de Strasbourg, 67200 Strasbourg, France
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM-U964/CNRS-UMR7104/Université de Strasbourg, 67400 Illkirch, France
| | - Ouhaid Lagha-Boukbiza
- Service de Neurologie, NS-Park/F-CRIN network, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg et Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Médecine de Strasbourg, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jimmy Voirin
- Department of Neurosurgery, NS-PARK/F-CRIN network, Strasbourg University Hospital, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Marie des Neiges Santin
- Department of Neurosurgery, NS-PARK/F-CRIN network, Strasbourg University Hospital, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Elodie Hainque
- Assistance publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Inserm, CNRS, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of Neurology, NS-Park/F-CRIN network, Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute-ICM, 75014 Paris, France
| | - David Grabli
- Assistance publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Inserm, CNRS, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of Neurology, NS-Park/F-CRIN network, Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute-ICM, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Comte
- UR LINC 481, Université de Franche-Comté, F-2500 Besançon, France
- Centre d'investigation clinique Inserm CIC 1431, CHU Besançon, F-25000 Besançon, France
| | - Sophie Drapier
- Department of Neurology, NS-PARK/F-CRIN network, University Hospital of Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Franck Durif
- CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Neurology department, NS-Park/F-CRIN network, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Ana Marques
- CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Neurology department, NS-Park/F-CRIN network, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Alexandre Eusebio
- Department of Neurology and Movement Disorders, APHM, Hôpital Universitaire Timone, 13005 Marseille, France
- CNRS, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ., 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Azulay
- Department of Neurology and Movement Disorders, APHM, Hôpital Universitaire Timone, 13005 Marseille, France
- CNRS, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ., 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Caroline Giordana
- Department of Neurology, NS-Park/F-CRIN network, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, 06002 Nice, France
| | - Jean-Luc Houeto
- Department of Neurology, NS-Park/F-CRIN network, Limoges University Hospital, Inserm, U1094, EpiMaCT-Epidemiology of chronic diseases in tropical zone, Limoges University Hospital,87042 Limoges, France
| | - Béchir Jarraya
- Neuroscience Pole, NS-Park/F-CRIN network, Hôpital Foch, Suresnes, University of Versailles Paris-Saclay, INSERM-CEA NeuroSpin, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - David Maltete
- Department of Neurology, NS-Park/F-CRIN network, Rouen University Hospital and University of Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France
- INSERM U1239, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, 76130 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Olivier Rascol
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Neuroscience, CIC1436, NS-Park/F-CRIN network, NeuroToul Center of Excellence, Toulouse University Hospital, INSERM, CHU of Toulouse, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Tiphaine Rouaud
- Department of Neurology, Centre Expert Parkinson, NS-Park/F-CRIN network, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Mélissa Tir
- Department of Neurology, NS-Park/F-CRIN network, Amiens University Hospital, 80000 Amiens, France
| | - Caroline Moreau
- Lille Neurosciences and Cognition, CHU-Lille, Neurology and Movement Disorders department, NS-Park/F-CRIN network, Univ. Lille, 59037 Lille, France
| | - Teodor Danaila
- Department of Neurology, NS-Park/F-CRIN network, Amiens University Hospital, 80000 Amiens, France
| | - Stéphane Prange
- Department of Neurology, NS-Park/F-CRIN network, Amiens University Hospital, 80000 Amiens, France
- Service de Neurologie C, NS-Park/F-CRIN network, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, 69500 Bron, France
| | - Laurent Tatu
- Department of Neurology, NS-PARK/F-CRIN network, University Hospital of Besançon, 25030 Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Christine Tranchant
- Service de Neurologie, NS-Park/F-CRIN network, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg et Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Médecine de Strasbourg, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Corvol
- Assistance publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Inserm, CNRS, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of Neurology, NS-Park/F-CRIN network, Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute-ICM, 75014 Paris, France
| | - David Devos
- Lille Neurosciences and Cognition, CHU-Lille, Neurology and Movement Disorders department, NS-Park/F-CRIN network, Univ. Lille, 59037 Lille, France
- Lille Neurosciences and Cognition, CHU-Lille, Department of Medical Pharmacology, NS-Park/F-CRIN, Univ. Lille, Inserm, 59045 Lille, France
| | - Stephane Thobois
- Service de Neurologie C, NS-Park/F-CRIN network, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, 69500 Bron, France
- Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerot, CNRS, UMR5229, 69675 Bron, France
| | - Maxime Desmarets
- Centre d'investigation clinique Inserm CIC 1431, CHU Besançon, F-25000 Besançon, France
- Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, UMR RIGHT, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Mathieu Anheim
- Service de Neurologie, NS-Park/F-CRIN network, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg et Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Médecine de Strasbourg, 67200 Strasbourg, France
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM-U964/CNRS-UMR7104/Université de Strasbourg, 67400 Illkirch, France
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Dalléry R, Saleh Y, Manohar S, Husain M. Persistence of effort in apathy. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2023; 179:1047-1060. [PMID: 37451928 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2023.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The syndrome of apathy has generated increasing interest in recent years as systematic evaluations have revealed its high prevalence and strong negative impact on quality of life across a wide range of neurological and psychiatric conditions. However, although several theoretical models have been proposed to account for various aspects of the condition, understanding of this syndrome is still incomplete. One influential model has proposed that apathy might be described as a quantitative reduction of goal-directed behaviour in comparison to an individual's prior level of functioning. Persistence of activity defined as the capacity to continue with a task - sometimes in the face of setbacks, high levels of difficulty or fatigue - is a crucial but understudied aspect of goal-directed behaviour. Surprisingly, it has not been investigated yet in the context of apathy. Here, we provide an overview of theoretical and experimental aspects of persistence in effort that might assist to develop methods for the investigation of persistence in human behaviour, particularly within the pathologic context of apathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Dalléry
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Université Paris Sorbonne, Paris, France; Service de neurologie, centre de référence maladie de Huntington, hôpital Henri-Mondor-Albert-Chenevier, AP-HP, 94010 Créteil, France.
| | - Y Saleh
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Nuffield Department Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - S Manohar
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK
| | - M Husain
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Nuffield Department Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Daumas L, Zory R, Junquera-Badilla I, Ferrandez M, Ettore E, Robert P, Sacco G, Manera V, Ramanoël S. How does apathy impact exploration-exploitation decision-making in older patients with neurocognitive disorders? NPJ AGING 2023; 9:25. [PMID: 37903801 PMCID: PMC10616174 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-023-00121-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Apathy is a pervasive clinical syndrome in neurocognitive disorders, characterized by a quantitative reduction in goal-directed behaviors. The brain structures involved in the physiopathology of apathy have also been connected to the brain structures involved in probabilistic reward learning in the exploration-exploitation dilemma. This dilemma in question involves the challenge of selecting between a familiar option with a more predictable outcome, and another option whose outcome is uncertain and may yield potentially greater rewards compared to the known option. The aim of this study was to combine experimental procedures and computational modeling to examine whether, in older adults with mild neurocognitive disorders, apathy affects performance in the exploration-exploitation dilemma. Through using a four-armed bandit reinforcement-learning task, we showed that apathetic older adults explored more and performed worse than non-apathetic subjects. Moreover, the mental flexibility assessed by the Trail-making test-B was negatively associated with the percentage of exploration. These results suggest that apathy is characterized by an increased explorative behavior and inefficient decision-making, possibly due to weak mental flexibility to switch toward the exploitation of the more rewarding options. Apathetic participants also took longer to make a choice and failed more often to respond in the allotted time, which could reflect the difficulties in action initiation and selection. In conclusion, the present results suggest that apathy in participants with neurocognitive disorders is associated with specific disturbances in the exploration-exploitation trade-off and sheds light on the disturbances in reward processing in patients with apathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyne Daumas
- Université Côte d'Azur, LAMHESS, Nice, France.
- Université Côte d'Azur, CoBTeK, Nice, France.
| | - Raphaël Zory
- Université Côte d'Azur, LAMHESS, Nice, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | | | - Marion Ferrandez
- Université Côte d'Azur, CoBTeK, Nice, France
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, service Clinique Gériatrique de Soins Ambulatoires, Centre Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherche, Nice, France
| | - Eric Ettore
- Université Côte d'Azur, CoBTeK, Nice, France
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, service Clinique Gériatrique de Soins Ambulatoires, Centre Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherche, Nice, France
- Association Innovation Alzheimer, Nice, France
| | - Philippe Robert
- Université Côte d'Azur, CoBTeK, Nice, France
- Association Innovation Alzheimer, Nice, France
| | - Guillaume Sacco
- Université Côte d'Azur, CoBTeK, Nice, France
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, service Clinique Gériatrique de Soins Ambulatoires, Centre Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherche, Nice, France
- Association Innovation Alzheimer, Nice, France
- Univ Angers, Université de Nantes, LPPL, SFR CONFLUENCES, 49000, Angers, France
| | - Valeria Manera
- Université Côte d'Azur, CoBTeK, Nice, France
- Association Innovation Alzheimer, Nice, France
| | - Stephen Ramanoël
- Université Côte d'Azur, LAMHESS, Nice, France
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, 75012, Paris, France
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7
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Corveleyn X, Corbel C, Fabre R, Zeghari R, Dujardin K, Robert P, Manera V. Validation study of the apathy motivation index in French adults. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1252965. [PMID: 37928593 PMCID: PMC10624122 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1252965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Apathy is present in many brain disorders, but it is also prevalent to varying degrees in healthy people. While many tools have been developed to assess levels of apathy in pathology, no standardized measure of apathy in healthy people exists. Method Therefore, this study aimed to validate the French version of the Apathy Motivation Index (f-AMI). The results of 729 participants were analyzed using an exploratory factorial analysis. Results Preliminary analyses suggested that the three domains of apathy extracted in the original AMI scale-behavioral activation (BA), social motivation (SM), and emotional sensitivity (ES)-could be found also in the f-AMI. A further exploratory analysis showed that a higher number of factors could be extracted, particularly for women. Specifically, both social and emotional factors could be divided into two sub-factors: (1) social motivation toward strangers or toward an acquaintance and (2) self-directed emotional sensitivity directed toward others. Regarding construct validity, the scores of f-AMI were correlated with the French Dimensional Apathy Scale results. Concerning the divergent validity, emotional sensitivity in apathy is different from depression, anhedonia, and fatigue levels. Conclusion These results suggest that the f-AMI can be used to assess levels of apathy in healthy adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Corveleyn
- LAPCOS, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
- MSHS Sud-Est, Maison des Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société Sud-Est, Nice, France
| | - Camille Corbel
- LAPCOS, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
- MSHS Sud-Est, Maison des Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société Sud-Est, Nice, France
| | - Roxane Fabre
- CoBTeK Lab, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
- Département de Santé Publique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (Public Health Department University Hospital of Nice), Nice, France
| | | | - Kathy Dujardin
- CHU Lille, Lille Neurosciences and Cognition, INSERM, Université Lille, Lille, France
| | - Philippe Robert
- CoBTeK Lab, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Centre mémoire CMRR, Nice, France
- Association Innovation Alzheimer, Nice, France
| | - Valeria Manera
- CoBTeK Lab, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Centre mémoire CMRR, Nice, France
- Association Innovation Alzheimer, Nice, France
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8
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Cote SE, Wagshul M, Foley FW, Lipton M, Holtzer R. Caudate volume and symptoms of apathy in older adults with multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 2023; 29:1266-1274. [PMID: 37528586 PMCID: PMC10768811 DOI: 10.1177/13524585231188096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apathy is common in multiple sclerosis (MS) and neurological disease, but its presence and underlying brain mechanisms in older adults with MS (OAMS) have not been evaluated. OBJECTIVE Examine apathy and its association with caudate nuclei volume in OAMS and controls. We hypothesized that compared to controls, OAMS would demonstrate: a) greater apathy; b) stronger associations between apathy and caudate nuclei volumes. METHODS OAMS (n = 67, mean age = 64.55 ± 3.89) and controls (n = 74, mean age = 69.04 ± 6.32) underwent brain MRI, cognitive assessment, psychological, and motoric testing. Apathy was assessed through the apathy subscale of the 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale. RESULTS OAMS reported greater apathy compared to controls (β = 0.281, p = 0.004). Adjusted moderation analyses revealed a significantly stronger association between caudate volume and apathy (left: B = -1.156, p = 0.039, right: B = -1.163, p = 0.040) among OAMS compared to controls. Conditional effects revealed that in adjusted models, lower volume of both the left (b = -0.882, p = 0.037) and right (b = -0.891, p = 0.038) caudate nuclei was significantly associated with greater apathy only among OAMS. CONCLUSION Caudate nuclei, which are susceptible to adverse MS effects and implicated in mediating cognitive and motor function, may influence the presence and severity of apathy in OAMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. Cote
- Department of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Bronx, NY
| | - Mark Wagshul
- Department of Radiology, Gruss Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
| | - Fredrick W. Foley
- Department of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Bronx, NY
| | - Michael Lipton
- Department of Radiology, Gruss Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
- Department of Psychiatry Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Roee Holtzer
- Department of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Bronx, NY
- Department of Radiology, Gruss Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
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9
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Horne KS, Ceslis A, Mosley P, Adam R, Robinson GA. The Role of Apathy in Spontaneous Verbal and Nonverbal Behaviors: A Transdiagnostic Pilot Study in Neurodegeneration. Cogn Behav Neurol 2023; 36:178-193. [PMID: 37378480 DOI: 10.1097/wnn.0000000000000345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apathy, characterized by a quantifiable reduction in motivation or goal-directed behavior, is a multidimensional syndrome that has been observed across many neurodegenerative diseases. OBJECTIVE To develop a novel task measuring spontaneous action initiation (ie, a nonverbal equivalent to spontaneous speech tasks) and to investigate the association between apathy and executive functions such as the voluntary initiation of speech and actions and energization (ie, ability to initiate and sustain a response). METHOD We compared the energization and executive functioning performance of 10 individuals with neurodegenerative disease and clinically significant apathy with that of age-matched healthy controls (HC). We also investigated the association between self-reported scores on the Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES) and performance on energization tasks. RESULTS The individuals with apathy made significantly fewer task-related actions than the HC on the novel spontaneous action task, and their scores on the AES were negatively correlated with spontaneous task-related actions, providing preliminary evidence for the task's construct validity. In addition, the individuals with apathy performed more poorly than the HC on all of the energization tasks, regardless of task type or stimulus modality, suggesting difficulty in sustaining voluntary responding over time. Most of the tasks also correlated negatively with the AES score. However, the individuals with apathy also performed more poorly on some of the executive function tasks, particularly those involving self-monitoring. CONCLUSION Our work presents a novel experimental task for measuring spontaneous action initiation-a key symptom of apathy-and suggests a possible contribution of apathy to neuropsychological deficits such as poor energization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina S Horne
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Amelia Ceslis
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Philip Mosley
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
- Clinical Brain Networks Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Queensland, Australia
- Biomedical Informatics Group, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Queensland, Australia
| | - Robert Adam
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gail A Robinson
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
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10
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Mougias M, Beratis IN, Moustaka K, Alexopoulos P, Assimakopoulos K. The Differential Role of Executive Apathy in Alzheimer's Disease Dementia, Mild Cognitive Impairment and Healthy Cognitive Ageing. Geriatrics (Basel) 2023; 8:geriatrics8020038. [PMID: 36960993 PMCID: PMC10037581 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics8020038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present work was to compare the levels of executive, emotional, and initiation apathy in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), mild Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD), and cognitively intact healthy controls (HCs). Fifty-two patients with mild ADD, 40 individuals with MCI, and 37 cognitively intact individuals were included in the current study. The participants were consecutive visitors to the Outpatient Memory Clinic of "Nestor" Alzheimer's Center. The symptoms of apathy were measured with the dimensional apathy scale. Analyses showed that ADD patients had significantly higher degrees of executive, emotional, initiation, and overall apathy compared with both the MCI group and the HCs. Additionally, a significant difference was observed in the dimension of executive apathy between individuals with MCI and the HCs. In conclusion, the dimension of executive apathy was the most sensitive measure regarding the differentiation of individuals with mild ADD or MCI and HCs. Hence, detailed evaluation of executive apathy in older individuals referred to a memory clinic may provide useful information contributing to their diagnostic categorization and to the differentiation between neurocognitive disorders and healthy cognitive ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michalis Mougias
- Alzheimer's Center, "Nestor" Greek Psychogeriatric Association, 22, Ioanni Drossopoulou Street, 112 57 Athens, Greece
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 265 04 Patras, Greece
| | - Ion N Beratis
- Alzheimer's Center, "Nestor" Greek Psychogeriatric Association, 22, Ioanni Drossopoulou Street, 112 57 Athens, Greece
- Psychology Department, The American College of Greece, Deree, 6, Gravias Street, 153 42 Athens, Greece
| | - Kleio Moustaka
- Alzheimer's Center, "Nestor" Greek Psychogeriatric Association, 22, Ioanni Drossopoulou Street, 112 57 Athens, Greece
- Psychology Department, The American College of Greece, Deree, 6, Gravias Street, 153 42 Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Alexopoulos
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 265 04 Patras, Greece
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 21, Arcisstraße Street, 80 333 Munich, Germany
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11
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Ramos-Mastache D, Mondragón-Maya A, Liemburg EJ, Enriquez-Geppert S, Goerlich KS, Rosel-Vales M, Pérez-Ferrara D, Jansari AS, Aleman A. Understanding the relationship between apathy, cognition and functional outcome in schizophrenia: The significance of an ecological assessment. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277047. [PMID: 36327293 PMCID: PMC9632867 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years there has been an increasing interest in understanding the role apathy plays in mediating the relationship between cognitive impairment and functional outcome. In general, most studies measure cognition with traditional cognitive tests that give explicit instructions and guide the participants toward generating a response. However, given that apathy is defined by a decrease in self-initiated behavior, it is crucial to evaluate cognition with ecological tasks that do not explicitly direct the patient´s motivation to generate behaviors to assess the actual effect. This study investigated whether an ecological cognitive assessment (the Jansari Executive Function Assessment, JEF©) would uniquely contribute to the relationship between cognition, apathy, and functional outcome in schizophrenia. The Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES), neuropsychological tests and the JEF© were administered to 20 patients with schizophrenia. Hierarchical multiple regression and mediation analysis were performed to test the associations between the variables of interest. Results showed that JEF© explained a significant portion of the variance in AES (25%). In addition, apathy explained 36% of the variance in functional outcome. However, AES did not mediate between cognition and functional outcome. Our results highlight the importance of assessing cognition with tasks that require integration of cognitive functions needed for real life demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Ramos-Mastache
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlanepantla de Baz, Estado de México, México
| | - Alejandra Mondragón-Maya
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlanepantla de Baz, Estado de México, México
- * E-mail:
| | - Edith J. Liemburg
- Rob Giel Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Stefanie Enriquez-Geppert
- Department of Developmental and Clinical Neuropsychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Katharina S. Goerlich
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Mauricio Rosel-Vales
- Clínica de Esquizofrenia, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de México, México
| | - David Pérez-Ferrara
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlanepantla de Baz, Estado de México, México
| | - Ashok S. Jansari
- Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andre Aleman
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Rob Giel Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Affective and Social Neuroscience, Center for Brain Disorders and Cognitive Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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12
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Godefroy V, Batrancourt B, Charron S, Bouzigues A, Sezer I, Bendetowicz D, Carle G, Rametti-Lacroux A, Bombois S, Cognat E, Migliaccio R, Levy R. Disentangling Clinical Profiles of Apathy in Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 90:639-654. [PMID: 36155506 PMCID: PMC9697059 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apathy is highly frequent in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). It is presumed to involve different pathophysiological mechanisms and neuroanatomical regions. OBJECTIVE We explored the hypothesis that subgroups showing distinct profiles of apathy and distinct patterns of atrophy within frontal lobes could be disentangled in bvFTD. METHODS Using data-driven clustering applied to 20 bvFTD patients, we isolated subgroups according to their profiles on the three subscales of the Dimensional Apathy Scale (DAS). We explored their apathy profiles and atrophy patterns. Apathy profiles were characterized through both subjective measures of apathy by questionnaires and measures including objective behavioral metrics. Atrophy patterns were obtained by voxel-based morphometry, contrasting each bvFTD subgroup with healthy controls (N = 16). RESULTS By clustering based on DAS dimensions, we disentangled three subgroups of bvFTD patients, with distinct apathy profiles and atrophy patterns. One subgroup, which presented the smallest pattern of atrophy (including orbitofrontal cortex) with a right asymmetry, was characterized by high self-reported emotional and initiation apathy and by a self-initiation deficit reversible by external guidance. In other subgroups showing more diffuse bilateral atrophies extending to lateral prefrontal cortex, apathy was not reversible by external guidance and more difficulty to focus on goal-management was observed, especially in the subgroup with the largest atrophy and highest levels of executive apathy. CONCLUSION Distinct clinical profiles of apathy, corresponding to distinct anatomical subtypes of bvFTD, were identified. These findings have implications for clinicians in a perspective of precision medicine as they could contribute to personalize treatments of apathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Godefroy
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Bénédicte Batrancourt
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Charron
- INSERM U1266, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Department of Neuroradiology, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Arabella Bouzigues
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Idil Sezer
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - David Bendetowicz
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,Department of Neurology, IM2A, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,Behavioural Neuropsychiatry Unit, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Guilhem Carle
- Behavioural Neuropsychiatry Unit, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Armelle Rametti-Lacroux
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Bombois
- Department of Neurology, IM2A, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Cognat
- UMRS 1144, INSERM, F-5010, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Centre de Neurologie Cognitive, Hôpital Lariboisière Fernand-Widal, APHP Nord, Paris, France
| | - Raffaella Migliaccio
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,Department of Neurology, IM2A, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,Behavioural Neuropsychiatry Unit, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Richard Levy
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,Department of Neurology, IM2A, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,Behavioural Neuropsychiatry Unit, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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13
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Petković A, Chaudhury D. Encore: Behavioural animal models of stress, depression and mood disorders. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:931964. [PMID: 36004305 PMCID: PMC9395206 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.931964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal studies over the past two decades have led to extensive advances in our understanding of pathogenesis of depressive and mood disorders. Among these, rodent behavioural models proved to be of highest informative value. Here, we present a comprehensive overview of the most popular behavioural models with respect to physiological, circuit, and molecular biological correlates. Behavioural stress paradigms and behavioural tests are assessed in terms of outcomes, strengths, weaknesses, and translational value, especially in the domain of pharmacological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dipesh Chaudhury
- Laboratory of Neural Systems and Behaviour, Department of Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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14
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Peltier C, Lejeune FX, Jorgensen LGT, Rametti-Lacroux A, Tanguy D, Godefroy V, Bendetowicz D, Carle G, Cognat E, Bombois S, Migliaccio R, Levy R, Marin F, Batrancourt B. A temporal classification method based on behavior time series data in patients with behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia and apathy. J Neurosci Methods 2022; 376:109625. [PMID: 35653896 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2022.109625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Peltier
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation (CSGA), ChemoSens Platform, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, PROBE Research Infrastructure, Dijon, France
| | - François-Xavier Lejeune
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Lars G T Jorgensen
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Armelle Rametti-Lacroux
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Tanguy
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Godefroy
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - David Bendetowicz
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Guilhem Carle
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Cognat
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Bombois
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Raffaella Migliaccio
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Department of Neurology, Center of excellence of neurodegenerative disease (CoEN), Institute of Memory and Alzheimer's Disease (IM2A), F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Richard Levy
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Department of Neurology, Center of excellence of neurodegenerative disease (CoEN), Institute of Memory and Alzheimer's Disease (IM2A), F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Marin
- Centre of Excellence for Human and Animal Movement Biomechanics (CoEMoB), Laboratoire de BioMécanique et BioIngénierie (UMR CNRS 7338), Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC), Alliance Sorbonne Université, 60200 Compiègne, France
| | - Bénédicte Batrancourt
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
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15
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Functional connectivity correlates of reduced goal-directed behaviors in behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia. Brain Struct Funct 2022; 227:2971-2989. [PMID: 35751676 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-022-02519-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We explored the resting state functional connectivity correlates of apathy assessed as a multidimensional construct, using behavioral metrics, in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). We recorded the behavior of 20 bvFTD patients and 16 healthy controls in a close-to-real-life situation including a free phase (FP-in which actions were self-initiated) and a guided phase (GP-in which initiation of actions was facilitated by external guidance). We investigated the activity time and walking episode features as quantifiers of apathy. We used the means ((FP + GP)/2) and the differences (FP-GP) calculated for these metrics as well as measures by questionnaires to extract apathy dimensions by factor analysis. We assessed two types of fMRI-based resting state connectivity measures (local activity and seed-based connectivity) and explored their relationship with extracted apathy dimensions. Apathy in bvFTD was associated with lower time spent in activity combined with walking episodes of higher frequency, lower acceleration and higher duration. Using these behavioral metrics and apathy measures by questionnaires, we disentangled two dimensions: the global reduction of goal-directed behaviors and the specific deficit of self-initiation. Global apathy was associated with lower resting state activity within prefrontal cortex and lower connectivity of salience network hubs while the decrease in self-initiation was related to increased connectivity of parietal default-mode network hubs. Through a novel dimensional approach, we dissociated the functional connectivity correlates of global apathy and self-initiation deficit. We discussed in particular the role of the modified connectivity of lateral parietal cortex in the volitional process.
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16
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Eggins P, Wong S, Wei G, Hodges JR, Husain M, Piguet O, Irish M, Kumfor F. A shared cognitive and neural basis underpinning cognitive apathy and planning in behavioural-variant frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Cortex 2022; 154:241-253. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2022.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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17
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Ho KY, Cheung PM, Cheng TW, Suen WY, Ho HY, Cheung DSK. Virtual Reality Intervention for Managing Apathy in People With Cognitive Impairment: Systematic Review. JMIR Aging 2022; 5:e35224. [PMID: 35544317 PMCID: PMC9133981 DOI: 10.2196/35224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Apathy is common in people with cognitive impairment. It leads to different consequences, such as more severe cognitive deficits, rapid functional decline, and decreased quality of life. Virtual reality (VR) interventions are increasingly being used to manage apathy in individuals with cognitive impairment. However, reports of VR interventions are scattered across studies, which has hindered the development and use of the interventions. Objective This study aimed to systematically review existing evidence on the use of VR interventions for managing apathy in people with cognitive impairment with regard to the effectiveness, contents, and implementation of the interventions. Methods The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines were followed. The PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases were systematically searched for experimental studies published up to March 13, 2022, that reported the effects of VR interventions on apathy in older adults with cognitive impairment. Hand searching and citation chasing were conducted. The results of the included studies were synthesized by using a narrative synthesis. Their quality was appraised by using the Effective Public Health Practice Project quality assessment tool. However, because the VR interventions varied in duration, content, and implementation across studies, a meta-analysis was not conducted. Results A total of 22 studies were identified from the databases, of which 6 (27%) met the inclusion criteria. Of these 6 studies, 2 (33%) were randomized controlled trials, 1 (17%) was a controlled clinical trial, and 3 (50%) were quasi-experimental studies. Individual studies showed significant improvement in apathy and yielded within-group medium to large effect sizes. The level of immersion ranged from low to high. Minor adverse effects were reported. The VR content mostly included natural scenes, followed by city views and game-based activities. A background soundtrack was often used with natural scenes. Most (5/6, 83%) of the studies were conducted in a residential care setting and were implemented by health care professionals or researchers. Safety precautions were taken in most (5/6, 83%) of the studies. Conclusions Although preliminary evidence shows that VR interventions may be effective and feasible for alleviating apathy in people with cognitive impairment, the methodological limitations in the included studies make it difficult to reach a firm conclusion on these points. The implementation of the interventions was highlighted and discussed. More rigorous studies are encouraged. Trial Registration PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42021268289; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021268289
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Ying Ho
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechinc University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Po Mang Cheung
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechinc University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Tap Wing Cheng
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechinc University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Wing Yin Suen
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechinc University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Hiu Ying Ho
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechinc University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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18
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Daumas L, Corbel C, Zory R, Corveleyn X, Fabre R, Robert P, Manera V. Associations, overlaps and dissociations between apathy and fatigue. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7387. [PMID: 35513461 PMCID: PMC9072543 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11071-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Apathy and fatigue have a high prevalence in many pathological populations, but they are also present in healthy adults. The relationship between apathy and fatigue, which are both multidimensional, is still poorly understood. This study aims to describe the associations between the subdimensions of both apathy and fatigue and to investigate their overlaps and dissociations in healthy people. 729 participants (mean age = 30.8 ± 10.7 years) completed online self-assessment questionnaires. The Apathy Motivation Index and Dimensional Apathy Scale were used to assess apathy. The Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory was used to assess fatigue. The executive dimension of apathy showed the strongest correlations with mental fatigue and the two appeared to be underpinned by the same latent factor, according to exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The factor structure of EFA showed overlaps between behavioral apathy and both reduced motivation and activity in fatigue. Emotional and social dimensions of apathy were separately underpinned by a latent factor that comprised no items of fatigue. Apathy and fatigue have reduced activity and mental difficulties in common, whereas emotional and social disorders distinguish apathy from fatigue. This has important implications for assessing apathy and fatigue in the general population, and may be relevant for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyne Daumas
- Université Côte d'Azur, CoBTeK Lab, Nice, France. .,Université Côte d'Azur, LAMHESS Lab, Nice, France.
| | - Camille Corbel
- Université Côte d'Azur, CoBTeK Lab, Nice, France.,Université Côte d'Azur, LAPCOS Lab, Nice, France
| | - Raphaël Zory
- Université Côte d'Azur, LAMHESS Lab, Nice, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | | | - Roxane Fabre
- Université Côte d'Azur, CoBTeK Lab, Nice, France.,Public Health Department, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice University Hospital, Nice, France
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19
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Horne KS, Gibson EC, Byrne J, Bender JR, Robinson GA. Post-stroke apathy: A case series investigation of neuropsychological and lesion characteristics. Neuropsychologia 2022; 171:108244. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2022.108244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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20
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Adaptation, Validation and Preliminary Standardisation of the Frontal Systems Behaviour Scale - Apathy Subscale and the Dimensional Apathy Scale in Vietnamese Healthy Samples. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2022; 28:300-310. [PMID: 33752764 DOI: 10.1017/s135561772100031x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Apathy, the reduction of motivation and goal-directed behaviour, is a ubiquitous behavioural syndrome in many neurological disorders. However, apathy measures are limited in non-English speaking countries. The present study aimed to develop a culturally appropriate version of the Vietnamese Frontal Systems Behavioural Scale-Apathy subscale (V-FrSBe-A) and Dimensional Apathy Scale (V-DAS), examine their internal reliability and construct validity (i.e., factor structure, convergent and divergent validity) in a Vietnamese healthy sample and establish preliminary normative cut-offs for clinical and research applications. METHOD In total, 112 healthy subjects and 64 informants completed the self-report and informant report V-FrSBe-A and V-DAS, developed using a translation, back-translation and cultural adaptation procedure. McDonald's omega was applied to examine internal reliability. The internal structure of the V-DAS was evaluated using exploratory structural equation model. For both apathy scales, convergent validity was determined by correlations between scales and between informant and self-report versions. Regarding divergent validity, participants completed the Vietnamese Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 and V-FrSBe-Disinhibition for depression and disinhibition assessment. RESULTS Both the V-FrSBe-A and V-DAS were reliable (ωt ≥ .74). Dimensional manifestations of apathy in executive, emotional and initiation domains were confirmed on the V-DAS. Both scales were also valid, convergent with each other and divergent from depression and disinhibition symptoms. Cut-off scores for both scales were higher than their English versions. CONCLUSION The adapted V-FrSBe-A and V-DAS have good reliability and validity for the potential application in clinical groups to advance current knowledge about apathy transculturally and direct more effective clinical care for Vietnamese individuals with neurological disorders.
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21
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Myhre P, Radakovic R, Ford C. Validation of the self-rated Dimensional Apathy Scale in community stroke survivors. J Neurol Sci 2021; 434:120103. [PMID: 34999366 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2021.120103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Apathy, a disorder of motivation observed in up to 40% of stroke survivors, is negatively associated with stroke rehabilitation outcomes. Different apathy subtypes have been identified in other conditions, but there is currently no validated multidimensional measure of post-stroke apathy (PSAp). The Dimensional Apathy Scale (DAS) assesses apathy across three subtypes: Executive, Emotional and Initiation apathy. We aimed to determine if the DAS is a reliable and valid tool to detect and characterise apathy in stroke. Fifty-three stroke survivors, (45.3% males, median age 54), and 71 people without stroke (26.8% males, median age 45) completed measures of apathy (DAS, Apathy Evaluation Scale, AES), depression (Patient Hospital Questionnaire, PHQ-9) and anxiety (Generalised Anxiety Disorder scale, GAD-7) as part of an online survey. The DAS showed high internal consistency and convergent validity with the current gold standard unidimensional assessment for apathy (AES) and divergent validity with depression (PHQ-9) and anxiety (GAD-7). Stroke survivors scored significantly higher on the total score of the DAS and all subscales, compared with controls. There were however no significant differences on depression and anxiety scores between the two groups. Our results suggest the DAS is a reliable and valid screening tool to detect and characterise PSAp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pernille Myhre
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychological Therapies, Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Ratko Radakovic
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychological Therapies, Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom; School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, United Kingdom; The Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Ford
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychological Therapies, Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom.
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22
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Barek LM, Mercy G, Gautier C, Noquet M, Legros-Lafarge E, Fiegl L, Fiard D, Allain P. The use of the French Dimensional Apathy Scale (f-DAS) to assess apathy in schizophrenia: Properties and profiles. J Affect Disord 2021; 294:181-188. [PMID: 34298224 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.06.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apathy can be defined as a quantitative reduction of self-generated voluntary and purposeful (or goal-directed) behaviour. The literature underlines the triadic dimensional nature of apathy, but in schizophrenia there are inconsistencies due to difficulty in assessment. The Dimensional Apathy Scale (DAS) and its validation into French (f-DAS) provide measurement of three neurobehavioral apathy subtypes: Executive, Emotional and Initiation, but these subtypes have never been explored in schizophrenia. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study are to assess apathy in schizophrenia with a tri-dimensional tool (the f-DAS), to examine its psychometric properties in schizophrenia and the apathetic profiles of patients with schizophrenia. METHODS One hundred and ten subjects were recruited. Forty-five belonged to the patients' group and fifty-five to the control group. They all completed the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I), the French National Reading Test (f-NART), the French Dimensional Apathy Scale (f-DAS), the Lille Apathy Rating Scale (LARS) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI II). RESULTS Regarding the total score of the f-DAS and the subscores for each dimension, patients appeared significantly more apathetic than healthy controls. Consistency, validity, concurrent and divergent validity were good. In the patient group, several profiles of apathy were identified. CONCLUSIONS The f-DAS has good psychometric properties and provides reliable and valid dimensional assessment of apathy in schizophrenia. From a dimensional point of view, using the f-DAS we demonstrated that prevalence of apathy could be underestimated in schizophrenia. Patients with schizophrenia are more impaired on the Executive and Initiative dimensions of apathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise M' Barek
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire, LPPL EA 4638, SFR Confluences, UNIV Angers, Nantes Université, Maison de la recherche Germaine Tillion, 5 bis Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 Angers Cedex 01; Institut du Handicap Psychique, Réseau Réhab, Centre Hospitalier, Niort, France.
| | | | - Caroline Gautier
- Institut du Handicap Psychique, Réseau Réhab, Centre Hospitalier, Niort, France
| | - Malika Noquet
- Institut du Handicap Psychique, Réseau Réhab, Centre Hospitalier, Niort, France
| | - Emilie Legros-Lafarge
- Centre Référent de Réhabilitation Psychosociale de Limoges (C2RL), Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, Limoges, France
| | - Lucia Fiegl
- Centre Référent de Réhabilitation Psychosociale de Limoges (C2RL), Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, Limoges, France
| | - Dominique Fiard
- Institut du Handicap Psychique, Réseau Réhab, Centre Hospitalier, Niort, France
| | - Philippe Allain
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire, LPPL EA 4638, SFR Confluences, UNIV Angers, Nantes Université, Maison de la recherche Germaine Tillion, 5 bis Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 Angers Cedex 01; Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France
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23
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Darvas M, Postupna N, Ladiges W. Mouse modeling for anxiety disorders in older adults. AGING PATHOBIOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS 2021; 3:77-78. [PMID: 35083455 PMCID: PMC8789030 DOI: 10.31491/apt.2021.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Anxiety disorders are common in older adults and are strongly associated with increased risk for numerous age-related conditions. Preclinical mechanistic data are needed to identify more specific therapeutic targets for treating and preventing these disorders. Mice serve as excellent preclinical models as they have been used extensively in aging studies, and behavioral tests have been developed. A panel of tests would capture the important clinical aspects of apathy, anxiety, and psychomotor behavior and allow longitudinal testing strategies in a rigorous and minimally stressful manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Darvas
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Nadia Postupna
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Warren Ladiges
- Department of Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.,Corresponding author: Warren Ladiges, Mailing address: Department of Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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24
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Radakovic R, Colville S, Cranley D, Starr JM, Pal S, Abrahams S. Multidimensional Apathy in Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia, Primary Progressive Aphasia, and Alzheimer Disease. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2021; 34:349-356. [PMID: 32410488 PMCID: PMC8326892 DOI: 10.1177/0891988720924716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Apathy is prevalent in dementia, such as behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), primary progressive aphasia (PPA), and Alzheimer disease (AD). As a multidimensional construct, it can be assessed and subsumed under a Dimensional Apathy Framework. A consistent apathy profile in bvFTD and PPA has yet to be established. The aim was to explore apathy profiles and awareness in bvFTD, PPA, and AD. A total of 12 patients with bvFTD, 12 patients with PPA, 28 patients with AD, and 20 matched controls, as well as their informants/carers, were recruited. All participants completed the Dimensional Apathy Scale (DAS), assessing executive, emotional, and initiation apathy subtypes, a 1-dimensional apathy measure, depression measure, and functional and cognitive screens. Apathy subtype awareness was determined through DAS informant/carer and self-rating discrepancy. Apathy profile comparison showed patients with bvFTD had significantly higher emotional apathy than patients with AD (P < .01) and significantly higher apathy over all subtypes than patients with PPA (Ps < .05). Additionally, patients with bvFTD had significantly lower awareness for emotional apathy (P < .01) when compared to patients with AD and PPA. All patient groups had significant global apathy over all subtypes compared to controls. The emergent apathy profile for bvFTD seems to be emotional apathy (indifference or emotional/affective neutrality), with lower self-awareness in this subtype. Further, lower self-awareness for executive apathy (lack of motivation for planning, organization, or attention) differentiates bvFTD from PPA. Future research should investigate the cognitive and neural correlates as well as the practical impact of apathy subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratko Radakovic
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom,Anne Rowling Regenerative Neurology Clinic, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom,Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom,Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom,Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom,Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom,Ratko Radakovic, University of East Anglia Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom. Emails: ;
| | - Shuna Colville
- Anne Rowling Regenerative Neurology Clinic, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom,Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Denise Cranley
- Anne Rowling Regenerative Neurology Clinic, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom,Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - John M. Starr
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom,Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom,Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom,Deceased
| | - Suvankar Pal
- Anne Rowling Regenerative Neurology Clinic, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom,Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom,Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Sharon Abrahams
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom,Anne Rowling Regenerative Neurology Clinic, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom,Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom,Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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25
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Godefroy V, Levy R, Bouzigues A, Rametti-Lacroux A, Migliaccio R, Batrancourt B. ECOCAPTURE@HOME: Protocol for the Remote Assessment of Apathy and Its Everyday-Life Consequences. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18157824. [PMID: 34360133 PMCID: PMC8345445 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18157824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Apathy, a common neuropsychiatric symptom associated with dementia, has a strong impact on patients’ and caregivers’ quality of life. However, it is still poorly understood and hard to define. The main objective of the ECOCAPTURE programme is to define a behavioural signature of apathy using an ecological approach. Within this program, ECOCAPTURE@HOME is an observational study which aims to validate a method based on new technologies for the remote monitoring of apathy in real life. For this study, we plan to recruit 60 couples: 20 patient-caregiver dyads in which patients suffer from behavioral variant Fronto-Temporal Dementia, 20 patient-caregiver dyads in which patients suffer from Alzheimer Disease and 20 healthy control couples. These dyads will be followed for 28 consecutive days via multi-sensor bracelets collecting passive data (acceleration, electrodermal activity, blood volume pulse). Active data will also be collected by questionnaires on a smartphone application. Using a pool of metrics extracted from these passive and active data, we will validate a measurement model for three behavioural markers of apathy (i.e., daytime activity, quality of sleep, and emotional arousal). The final purpose is to facilitate the follow-up and precise diagnosis of apathy, towards a personalised treatment of this condition within everyday life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Godefroy
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau—Paris Brain Institute—ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, F-75013 Paris, France; (R.L.); (A.B.); (A.R.-L.); (R.M.); (B.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-06-09-86-29-47
| | - Richard Levy
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau—Paris Brain Institute—ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, F-75013 Paris, France; (R.L.); (A.B.); (A.R.-L.); (R.M.); (B.B.)
- Département de Neurologie, Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d’Alzheimer (IM2A), AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, F-75013 Paris, France
- Unité de Neuropsychiatrie Comportementale, Département de Neurologie, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Arabella Bouzigues
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau—Paris Brain Institute—ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, F-75013 Paris, France; (R.L.); (A.B.); (A.R.-L.); (R.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Armelle Rametti-Lacroux
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau—Paris Brain Institute—ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, F-75013 Paris, France; (R.L.); (A.B.); (A.R.-L.); (R.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Raffaella Migliaccio
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau—Paris Brain Institute—ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, F-75013 Paris, France; (R.L.); (A.B.); (A.R.-L.); (R.M.); (B.B.)
- Département de Neurologie, Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d’Alzheimer (IM2A), AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Bénédicte Batrancourt
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau—Paris Brain Institute—ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, F-75013 Paris, France; (R.L.); (A.B.); (A.R.-L.); (R.M.); (B.B.)
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26
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Magrath Guimet N, Miller BL, Allegri RF, Rankin KP. What Do We Mean by Behavioral Disinhibition in Frontotemporal Dementia? Front Neurol 2021; 12:707799. [PMID: 34305805 PMCID: PMC8292604 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.707799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia, unlike other forms of dementia, is primarily characterized by changes in behavior, personality, and language, with disinhibition being one of its core symptoms. However, because there is no single definition that captures the totality of behavioral symptoms observed in these patients, disinhibition is an umbrella term used to encompass socially disruptive or morally unacceptable behaviors that may arise from distinct neural etiologies. This paper aims to review the current knowledge about behavioral disinhibition in this syndrome, considering the cultural factors related to our perception of behavior, the importance of phenomenological interpretation, neuroanatomy, the brain networks involved and, finally, a new neuroscientific theory that offers a conceptual framework for understanding the diverse components of behavioral disinhibition in this neurodegenerative disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahuel Magrath Guimet
- Atlantic Fellow for Equity in Brain Health at the Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Department of Cognitive Neurology, Neuropsychiatry and Neuropsychology, Instituto Neurológico Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Ricardo F Allegri
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, Neuropsychiatry and Neuropsychology, Instituto Neurológico Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Department of Neurosciences, Universidad de la Costa (CUC), Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Katherine P Rankin
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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27
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Beyond language impairment: Profiles of apathy in primary progressive aphasia. Cortex 2021; 139:73-85. [PMID: 33836304 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2021.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is characterised by predominant language and communication impairment. However, behavioural changes, such as apathy, are increasingly recognised. Apathy is defined as a reduction in motivation and goal-directed behaviour. Recent theoretical models have suggested that apathy can be delineated into multiple dimensions: executive apathy (i.e., deficits in maintaining goals and organisation), emotional apathy (i.e., emotional blunting and indifference) and initiation apathy (i.e., reduced self-initiation). Whether the nature of apathy differs between clinical variants of PPA, and across early and late disease stages, remains to be established. Here, carers/informants of 20 semantic variant PPA (svPPA), 15 non-fluent variant PPA (nfvPPA), 16 logopenic variant PPA (lvPPA) and 25 healthy older controls completed the Dimensional Apathy Scale to quantify executive, emotional and initiation apathy. Voxel-based morphometry was used to identify associations between dimensions of apathy and regions of grey matter intensity decrease. Our behavioural results showed greater executive and initiation apathy in late svPPA than in late nfvPPA patients, while late svPPA had greater emotional apathy than both late nfvPPA and late lvPPA groups. Executive and initiation apathy were significantly higher than premorbid levels in all PPA subtypes, while elevated emotional apathy was only seen in early and late svPPA. Distinct neural correlates were identified across apathy dimensions. Executive apathy correlated with grey matter intensity of the left dorsolateral prefrontal and inferior parietal cortices; emotional apathy with the left medial prefrontal, insular and cerebellar regions; and initiation apathy with right parietal areas. Our findings are the first to reveal evidence of the dimensional nature of apathy in PPA, with different clinical signatures observed for each subtype. From a clinical standpoint, these results will inform the development of targeted interventions for specific aspects of apathy which emerge in PPA.
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28
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Setiadi TM, Martens S, Opmeer EM, Marsman JBC, Tumati S, Reesink FE, De Deyn PP, Aleman A, Ćurčić-Blake B. Widespread white matter aberration is associated with the severity of apathy in amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: Tract-based spatial statistics analysis. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2021; 29:102567. [PMID: 33545500 PMCID: PMC7856325 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In aMCI, apathy severity was associated with lower FA in widespread WM pathways. WM aberrations are related to apathy severity after controlling for depression. Disruptions related to apathy severity are not limited to frontal-subcortical area.
Apathy is recognized as a prevalent behavioral symptom of amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI). In aMCI, apathy is associated with an increased risk and increases the risk of progression to Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Previous DTI study in aMCI showed that apathy has been associated with white matter alterations in the cingulum, middle and inferior longitudinal fasciculus, fornix, and uncinate fasciculus. However, the underlying white matter correlates associated with apathy in aMCI are still unclear. We investigated this relationship using whole-brain diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Twenty-nine aMCI patients and 20 matched cognitively healthy controls were included. Apathy severity was assessed using the Apathy Evaluation Scale Clinician version. We applied the tract-based spatial statistics analyses to DTI parameters: fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity, axial diffusivity, and radial diffusivity to investigate changes in white matter pathways associated with the severity of apathy. No significant difference was found in any of the DTI parameters between aMCI and the control group. In aMCI, higher severity of apathy was associated with lower FA in various white matter pathways including the left anterior part of inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus/uncinate fasciculus, genu and body of the corpus callosum, superior and anterior corona radiata, anterior thalamic radiation of both hemispheres and in the right superior longitudinal fasciculus/anterior segment of arcuate fasciculus (p < .05, TFCE-corrected) after controlling for age, gender and GDS non-apathy. A trend association was observed in the right posterior corona radiata and corticospinal tract/internal capsule, and bilateral forceps minor (p < .065, TFCE-corrected). In conclusion, in aMCI, severity of apathy is associated with aberrant white matter integrity in widely distributed pathways, within and between hemispheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania M Setiadi
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Sander Martens
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Esther M Opmeer
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Health and Welfare, Windesheim University of Applied Science, Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | - Jan-Bernard C Marsman
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Shankar Tumati
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Sunnybrook Research Institute and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Fransje E Reesink
- Department of Neurology, Alzheimer Center Groningen, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter P De Deyn
- Department of Neurology, Alzheimer Center Groningen, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - André Aleman
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Branislava Ćurčić-Blake
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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van Dyck CH, Arnsten AFT, Padala PR, Brawman-Mintzer O, Lerner AJ, Porsteinsson AP, Scherer RW, Levey AI, Herrmann N, Jamil N, Mintzer JE, Lanctôt KL, Rosenberg PB. Neurobiologic Rationale for Treatment of Apathy in Alzheimer's Disease With Methylphenidate. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2021; 29:51-62. [PMID: 32461027 PMCID: PMC7641967 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2020.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The public health burden of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is related not only to cognitive symptoms, but also to neuropsychiatric symptoms, including apathy. Apathy is defined as a quantitative reduction of goal-directed activity in comparison to a previous level of functioning and affects 30%-70% of persons with AD. Previous attempts to treat apathy in AD-both nonpharmacologically and pharmacologically-have been wanting. Catecholaminergic treatment with methylphenidate has shown encouraging results in initial trials of apathy in AD. Understanding the neuronal circuits underlying motivated behavior and their reliance on catecholamine actions helps provide a rationale for methylphenidate actions in the treatment of apathy in patients with AD. Anatomical, physiological, and behavioral studies have identified parallel, cortical-basal ganglia circuits that govern action, cognition, and emotion and play key roles in motivated behavior. Understanding the distinct contributions to motivated behavior of subregions of the prefrontal cortex-dorsolateral, orbital-ventromedial, and dorsomedial-helps to explain why degeneration of these areas in AD results in apathetic behaviors. We propose that the degeneration of the prefrontal cortex in AD produces symptoms of apathy. We further propose that methylphenidate treatment may ameliorate those symptoms by boosting norepinephrine and dopamine actions in prefrontal-striatal-thalamocortical circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Prasad R Padala
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System (PRP), Little Rock, AR
| | - Olga Brawman-Mintzer
- Medical University of South Carolina and Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center (OB-M, JEM), Charleston, SC
| | - Alan J Lerner
- University Hospitals - Case Western Reserve University (AJL), Cleveland, OH
| | | | - Roberta W Scherer
- Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health (RWS), Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Nathan Herrmann
- Sunnybrook Research Institute (NH, KLL), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nimra Jamil
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (NJ, PBR), Baltimore, MD
| | - Jacobo E Mintzer
- Medical University of South Carolina and Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center (OB-M, JEM), Charleston, SC
| | | | - Paul B Rosenberg
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (NJ, PBR), Baltimore, MD
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30
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McDonald S, Genova H. The effect of severe traumatic brain injury on social cognition, emotion regulation, and mood. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2021; 183:235-260. [PMID: 34389120 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822290-4.00011-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
This chapter provides a review of the emotional and psychosocial consequences of moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Many of the disorders affecting socioemotional function arise from damage to frontotemporal systems, exacerbated by white matter injury. They include disorders of social cognition, such as the ability to recognize emotions in others, the ability to attribute mental states to others, and the ability to experience empathy. Patients with TBI also often have disorders of emotion regulation. Disorders of drive or apathy can manifest across cognitive, emotional, and behavioral domains. Likewise, disorders of control can lead to dysregulated emotions and behavior. Other disorders, such as loss of self-awareness, are also implicated in poor psychosocial recovery. Finally, this chapter overviews psychiatric disorders associated with TBI, especially anxiety and depression. For each kind of disorder, the nature of the disorder and its prevalence, as well as theoretical considerations and impact on every day functions, are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Skye McDonald
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Helen Genova
- Center for Neuropsychology and Neuroscience Research, Kessler Foundation, East Hanover, NJ, United States
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31
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Pimontel MA, Kanellopoulos D, Gunning FM. Neuroanatomical Abnormalities in Older Depressed Adults With Apathy: A Systematic Review. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2020; 33:289-303. [PMID: 31635522 DOI: 10.1177/0891988719882100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Apathy is a common phenomenon in late-life depression and is associated with poor outcomes. Apathy is often unrecognized in older depressed adults, and efficacious treatment options are lacking. This review provides a systematic review of the neuroanatomical abnormalities associated with apathy in late-life depression. In addition, the review summarizes the neuroimaging findings from studies of neurodegenerative and focal brain injury conditions that frequently present with apathy. The goal is to elucidate cerebral network abnormalities that give rise to apathy in older adults with mood disturbances and to inform future treatment targets. METHOD Systematic literature review. RESULTS The few studies that have directly examined the neuroanatomical abnormalities of apathy in late-life depression suggest disturbances in the anterior cingulate cortex, insula, orbital and dorsal prefrontal cortex, striatum, and limbic structures (ie, amygdala, thalamus, and hippocampus). Studies examining the neuroanatomical correlates of apathy in other aging populations are consistent with the pattern observed in late-life depression. CONCLUSIONS Apathy in late-life depression appears to be accompanied by neuroanatomical abnormalities in the salience and reward networks. These network findings are consistent with that observed in individuals presenting with apathy in other aging-related conditions. These findings may inform future treatments that target apathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique A Pimontel
- Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Faith M Gunning
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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32
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Zhang X, Liu B, Li N, Li Y, Hou J, Duan G, Wu D. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Over Prefrontal Areas Improves Psychomotor Inhibition State in Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury: A Pilot Study. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:386. [PMID: 32508560 PMCID: PMC7251071 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Many post-traumatic patients with minimally conscious state are complicated by psychomotor inhibition state (PIS), which impedes further rehabilitation. The treatment of PIS is not satisfactory. This pilot study aimed to investigate effects of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (A-tDCS) on PIS in post-traumatic patients and examine the altered cortical activation after tDCS using non-linear electroencephalogram (EEG). Methods The study included 10 patients with post-traumatic PIS. An A–B design was used. The patients received 4 weeks of sham tDCS during Phase A, and they received A-tDCS over the prefrontal area and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) for 4 weeks (40 sessions) during Phase B. Conventional treatments were administered throughout both phases. JFK Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R), apathy evaluation scale (AES), and the EEG non-linear indices of approximate entropy (ApEn) and cross approximate entropy (C-ApEn) were measured before Phase A, before Phase B, and after Phase B. Results After A-tDCS treatment, CRS-R and AES were improved significantly. ApEn and C-ApEn results showed that the local cortical connection of bilateral sensorimotor areas with their peripheral areas could be activated by affected painful stimuli, while bilateral cerebral hemispheres could be activated by the unaffected painful-stimuli condition. Linear regression analysis revealed that the affected sensorimotor cortex excitability and unaffected local and distant cortical networks connecting the sensorimotor area to the prefrontal area play a major role in AES improvement. Conclusion A-tDCS over the prefrontal area and left DLPFC improves PIS. The recovery might be related to increased excitability in local and distant cortical networks connecting the sensorimotor area to the prefrontal area. Thus, tDCS may be an alternative treatment for post-traumatic PIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baohu Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Li
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Hou
- Department of Rehabilitation, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guoping Duan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongyu Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Palmisano S, Fasotti L, Bertens D. Neurobehavioral Initiation and Motivation Problems After Acquired Brain Injury. Front Neurol 2020; 11:23. [PMID: 32153486 PMCID: PMC7049782 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation is a primary and permanent source of human behavior and adaptation. Motivational deficits, along with deficiencies in initiation, frequently occur in individuals with acquired brain injury (ABI). These neurobehavioral problems are associated with consequences at the participation level: patients are reluctant to engage in rehabilitation, and their subsequent social reintegration is often at risk. The same problems may also become a heavy burden for the families of individuals with ABI. In the present paper, we will critically review both the current definitions and the instruments used to measure motivational disorders following ABI. We will also describe the neural system underlying motivation and its impairments. What emerges is the need to develop specific rehabilitative treatments, still absent at the moment, with the ultimate aim of ensuring a better quality of life for both the patients and their proxies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Palmisano
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Rehabilitation Center Klimmendaal, Arnhem, Netherlands
| | - Luciano Fasotti
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Rehabilitation Center Klimmendaal, Arnhem, Netherlands
| | - Dirk Bertens
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Rehabilitation Center Klimmendaal, Arnhem, Netherlands
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34
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Batrancourt B, Lecouturier K, Ferrand-Verdejo J, Guillemot V, Azuar C, Bendetowicz D, Migliaccio R, Rametti-Lacroux A, Dubois B, Levy R. Exploration Deficits Under Ecological Conditions as a Marker of Apathy in Frontotemporal Dementia. Front Neurol 2019; 10:941. [PMID: 31551908 PMCID: PMC6736613 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Apathy is one of the six clinical criteria for the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), and it is almost universal in this disease. Although its consequences in everyday life are debilitating, its underlying mechanisms are poorly known, its assessment is biased by subjectivity and its care management is very limited. In this context, we have developed "ECOCAPTURE," a method aimed at providing quantifiable and objective signature(s) of apathy in order to assess it and identify its precise underlying mechanisms. ECOCAPTURE consists of the observation and recording of the patient's behavior when the participant is being submitted to a multiple-phase scenario reproducing a brief real-life situation. It is performed in a functional exploration platform transformed into a fully furnished waiting room equipped with a video and sensor-based data acquisition system. This multimodal method allowed video-based behavior analyses according to predefined behavioral categories (exploration behavior, sustained activities or inactivity) and actigraphy analyses from a 3D accelerometer. The data obtained were also correlated with behavioral/cognitive tests and scales assessing global cognitive efficiency, apathy, cognitive disinhibition, frontal syndrome, depression and anxiety. Here, bvFTD patients (n = 14) were compared to healthy participants (n = 14) during the very first minutes of the scenario, when the participants discovered the room and were encouraged to explore it. We showed that, in the context of facing a new environment, healthy participants first explored it and then engaged in sustained activities. By contrast, bvFTD patients were mostly inactive and eventually explored this new place, but in a more irregular and less efficient mode than normal subjects. This exploration deficit was correlated with apathy, disinhibition and cognitive and behavioral dysexecutive syndromes. These findings led us to discuss the presumed underlying mechanisms responsible for the exploration deficit (an inability to self-initiate actions, to integrate reward valuation and to inhibit involuntary behavior). Altogether, these results pave the way for simple and objective assessment of behavioral changes that represents a critical step for the evaluation of disease progression and efficacy of treatment in bvFTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bénédicte Batrancourt
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épiniére (ICM), FRONTlab, Paris, France
| | - Karen Lecouturier
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épiniére (ICM), FRONTlab, Paris, France
| | - Johan Ferrand-Verdejo
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épiniére (ICM), FRONTlab, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Guillemot
- Institut Pasteur, Centre de Bioinformatique, Biostatistique et Biologie Intégrative (C3BI), Paris, France
| | - Carole Azuar
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitiè-Salpêtrière, Département de Neurologie, Institut de la Mèmoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (IM2A), Paris, France
| | - David Bendetowicz
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épiniére (ICM), FRONTlab, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitiè-Salpêtrière, Département de Neurologie, Institut de la Mèmoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (IM2A), Paris, France.,AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitiè-Salpêtrière, Département de Neurologie, Behavioral Neuropsychiatry Unit, Paris, France
| | - Raffaella Migliaccio
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épiniére (ICM), FRONTlab, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitiè-Salpêtrière, Département de Neurologie, Institut de la Mèmoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (IM2A), Paris, France.,AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitiè-Salpêtrière, Département de Neurologie, Behavioral Neuropsychiatry Unit, Paris, France
| | - Armelle Rametti-Lacroux
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épiniére (ICM), FRONTlab, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Dubois
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épiniére (ICM), FRONTlab, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitiè-Salpêtrière, Département de Neurologie, Institut de la Mèmoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (IM2A), Paris, France
| | - Richard Levy
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épiniére (ICM), FRONTlab, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitiè-Salpêtrière, Département de Neurologie, Institut de la Mèmoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (IM2A), Paris, France.,AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitiè-Salpêtrière, Département de Neurologie, Behavioral Neuropsychiatry Unit, Paris, France
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35
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Ho Jang S, Gyu Kwon H. Severe Apathy Due to Injury of Prefronto-caudate Tract. Transl Neurosci 2019; 10:157-159. [PMID: 31410297 PMCID: PMC6689209 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2019-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The caudate nucleus, which is vulnerable to hypoxic–ischemic brain injury (HI-BI), is important to cognitive function because it is connected to the prefrontal cortex. Using diffusion tensor tractography (DTT), no study on injury of the prefronto-caudate tract in a patient with HI-BI has been reported so far. Here, we report a patient with severe apathy who showed injury of the prefronto-caudate tract following HI-BI, which was demonstrated by DTT. A 38-year-old female patient suffered HI-BI induced by carbon monoxide poisoning following attempted suicide for a period of approximately four hours. From the onset, the patient showed severe apathy (7 months after onset-the Apathy Scale score was 24 [full score: 42]). Brain MR images taken at seven months after onset showed no abnormality. On 7-month DTT, the neural connectivity of the caudate nucleus to the medial prefrontal cortex (Brodmann area: 10 and 12) and orbitofrontal cortex (Brodmann area: 11 and 13) was decreased in both hemispheres. Using DTT, injury of the prefronto-caudate tract was demonstrated in a patient who showed severe apathy following HI-BI. We believe that injury of the prefronto-caudate tract might be a pathogenetic mechanism of apathy in patients with HI-BI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Ho Jang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Hyeok Gyu Kwon
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Daejeon, South Korea
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36
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Radakovic R, McGrory S, Chandran S, Swingler R, Pal S, Stephenson L, Colville S, Newton J, Starr JM, Abrahams S. The brief Dimensional Apathy Scale: A short clinical assessment of apathy. Clin Neuropsychol 2019; 34:423-435. [PMID: 31154933 DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2019.1621382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Apathy is a prominent syndrome across neurodegenerative diseases. The Dimensional Apathy Scale (DAS) assesses three apathy subtypes-executive, emotional, and initiation-and is sensitive and valid in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease. This study describes the development of the brief DAS (b-DAS), which will enable apathy to be swiftly detected in the clinic.Method: 102 ALS and 102 AD patients' previously collected data were used. Mokken analyses were performed on item-level data of each informant/carer-rated DAS subscale (executive, emotional, and initiation) for the initial scale reduction. Item-total correlational analyses against standard apathy (convergent validity criteria) and depression (divergent validity criteria) measures and qualitative examination of items aided final item selection. Receiver operating curve analysis determined optimal cutoffs for the reduced subscales.Results: Mokken analyses suggested unidimensionality of each DAS subscale. Three items were removed that failed to satisfy monotone homogeneity model requirements, three items were removed due to validity criteria not being met, and six items were removed due to a combination of lower item scalability and item-total correlations. Item-theme examination further reduced the b-DAS to nine items, three per subscale, with a supplemental awareness deficit assessment being added. Sensitivity- and specificity-based optimal cutoffs were calculated for each b-DAS subscale.Conclusions: This study presents the b-DAS, an informant/carer-based robust yet short multidimensional apathy instrument with good convergent and divergent validity, with recommended clinical cutoffs. The b-DAS is appropriate for use in the clinic and for research to quickly and comprehensively screen for apathy subtype impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratko Radakovic
- Human Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Sarah McGrory
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Siddharthan Chandran
- Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Robert Swingler
- Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Suvankar Pal
- Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Laura Stephenson
- Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Shuna Colville
- Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Judy Newton
- Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - John M Starr
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sharon Abrahams
- Human Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Valentino V, Iavarone A, Amboni M, Moschiano F, Picillo M, Petretta V, Cicarelli G. Apathy in Parkinson's disease: differences between caregiver's report and self-evaluation. FUNCTIONAL NEUROLOGY 2019; 33:31-35. [PMID: 29633694 DOI: 10.11138/fneur/2018.33.1.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Apathy is a state of diminished goal-directed speech, motor activity and emotions. The prevalence of apathy in Parkinson's disease (PD) ranges from 16 to 62%. Several studies have investigated the relationships between apathy and other dimensions of PD, but little is known about possible discrepancies between self-evaluation (SE) and caregiver reporting (CR) of this symptom. The aim of this study is twofold: 1) to investigate the differences in apathy evaluations according to the point of view from which apathy is reported (SE vs CR); 2) to identify the possible relationships between each of the two evaluations (SE and CR) and cognitive and affective dimensions of PD. Forty-eight patients with PD were assessed using the Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES) in its SE and CR versions (AES-SE and AES-CR); cognitive, affective and behavioral symptoms were also assessed. AES-SE scores were significantly higher than AESCR ones. Neither AES version correlated with depression, whereas both correlated with motor impairment, disease stage and behavioral symptoms. Mini-Mental State Examination and Frontal Assessment Battery scores showed significant negative correlations only with AES-SE scores. Our findings suggest that the point of view from which apathy is seen can lead to significant discrepancies, even when using the same tool. This should be taken into account in order to obtain correct assessment of this disabling and distressing symptom.
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38
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Polich G, Iaccarino MA, Zafonte R. Psychopharmacology of traumatic brain injury. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2019; 165:253-267. [PMID: 31727216 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-64012-3.00015-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury (TBI) can be highly variable, involving functional and/or structural damage to multiple neuroanatomical networks and neurotransmitter systems. This wide-ranging potential for physiologic injury is reflected in the diversity of neurobehavioral and neurocognitive symptoms following TBI. Here, we aim to provide a succinct, clinically relevant, up-to-date review on psychopharmacology for the most common sequelae of TBI in the postacute to chronic period. Specifically, treatment for neurobehavioral symptoms (depression, mania, anxiety, agitation/irritability, psychosis, pseudobulbar affect, and apathy) and neurocognitive symptoms (processing speed, attention, memory, executive dysfunction) will be discussed. Treatment recommendations will reflect general clinical practice patterns and the research literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ginger Polich
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mary Alexis Iaccarino
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ross Zafonte
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.
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Castine BR, Albein-Urios N, Lozano-Rojas O, Martinez-Gonzalez JM, Hohwy J, Verdejo-Garcia A. Self-awareness deficits associated with lower treatment motivation in cocaine addiction. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2018; 45:108-114. [PMID: 30183371 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2018.1511725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with cocaine use disorder (CUD) often display behaviours that are paradoxically misaligned with their situation. Typical examples include poor treatment motivation and inconsistent self-reported craving. These behaviours may reflect impairments in the awareness of one's own behaviour. OBJECTIVES We examined whether impaired self-awareness of addiction-related frontostriatal dysfunction (i.e., symptoms of apathy, disinhibition, and executive dysfunction) was associated with treatment motivation and craving. METHODS Sixty-five outpatients with CUD (57 male) and their informants (those who knew the patient well) completed parallel self and informant versions of the Frontal Systems Behaviour Scale. Self-awareness was indexed through the discrepancy between self and informant scores in the three sub-scales; apathy, disinhibition and executive dysfunction. The University Rhode Island Change Assessment Scale assessed treatment motivation. Self-reported craving was assessed using a visual analogue scale. Multiple linear regression models examined associations between self-awareness and treatment motivation and craving, adjusting for sociodemographic factors and lifetime drug use. RESULTS We found an inverse relationship between self-awareness of symptoms of disinhibition and treatment motivation maintenance. Although impaired awareness of disinhibition was also correlated with craving, this association was not significant after adjusting for sociodemographic factors and drug use. The apathy and executive dysfunction awareness scores were not associated with treatment motivation or craving. CONCLUSION We show that people with lower insight into their disinhibition problems (e.g., impulsivity, mood instability) have more problems maintaining motivation when initiating treatment. Findings suggest that self-awareness interventions could be useful to prevent premature treatment dropout and improve addiction treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin R Castine
- a Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences , Monash University , Clayton, Melbourne , VIC , Australia
| | | | - Oscar Lozano-Rojas
- c Departamento de Psicología Clínica, Experimental y Social , Universidad de Huelva , Huelva , Spain
| | | | - Jakob Hohwy
- e Department of Philosophy, Faculty of Arts , Monash University , Clayton, Melbourne , VIC , Australia
| | - Antonio Verdejo-Garcia
- a Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences , Monash University , Clayton, Melbourne , VIC , Australia
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Zinn MA, Zinn ML, Valencia I, Jason LA, Montoya JG. Cortical hypoactivation during resting EEG suggests central nervous system pathology in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. Biol Psychol 2018; 136:87-99. [PMID: 29802861 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
We investigated central fatigue in 50 patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and 50 matched healthy controls (HC). Resting state EEG was collected from 19 scalp locations during a 3 min, eyes-closed condition. Current densities were localized using exact low-resolution electromagnetic tomography (eLORETA). The Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20) and the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) were administered to all participants. Independent t-tests and linear regression analyses were used to evaluate group differences in current densities, followed by statistical non-parametric mapping (SnPM) correction procedures. Significant differences were found in the delta (1-3 Hz) and beta-2 (19-21 Hz) frequency bands. Delta sources were found predominately in the frontal lobe, while beta-2 sources were found in the medial and superior parietal lobe. Left-lateralized, frontal delta sources were associated with a clinical reduction in motivation. The implications of abnormal cortical sources in patients with CFS are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Zinn
- Department of Psychology, Center for Community Research, DePaul University, 990 West Fullerton Ave., Suite 3100, Chicago, IL 60614, USA
| | - M L Zinn
- Department of Psychology, Center for Community Research, DePaul University, 990 West Fullerton Ave., Suite 3100, Chicago, IL 60614, USA
| | - I Valencia
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - L A Jason
- Department of Psychology, Center for Community Research, DePaul University, 990 West Fullerton Ave., Suite 3100, Chicago, IL 60614, USA.
| | - J G Montoya
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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Baake V, Coppen EM, van Duijn E, Dumas EM, van den Bogaard SJA, Scahill RI, Johnson H, Leavitt B, Durr A, Tabrizi SJ, Craufurd D, Roos RAC. Apathy and atrophy of subcortical brain structures in Huntington's disease: A two-year follow-up study. Neuroimage Clin 2018; 19:66-70. [PMID: 30035003 PMCID: PMC6051315 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2018.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Huntington's disease (HD) is characterized by motor and behavioral symptoms, and cognitive decline. HD gene carriers and their caregivers report the behavioral and cognitive symptoms as the most burdensome. Apathy is the most common behavioral symptom of HD and is related to clinical measures of disease progression, like functional capacity. However, it is unknown whether apathy is directly related to the neurodegenerative processes in HD. Objective The aim is to investigate whether an association between atrophy of subcortical structures and apathy is present in HD, at baseline and after 2 years follow-up. Method Volumes of 7 subcortical structures were measured using structural T1 MRI in 171 HD gene carriers of the TRACK-HD study and apathy was assessed with the Problem Behaviors Assessment-Short, at baseline and follow-up visit. At baseline, logistic regression was used to evaluate whether volumes of subcortical brain structures were associated with the presence of apathy. Linear regression was used to assess whether subcortical atrophy was associated with the degree of apathy at baseline and with an increase in severity of apathy over time. Results At baseline, smaller volume of the thalamus showed a higher probability of the presence of apathy in HD gene carriers, but none of the subcortical structures was associated with the degree of apathy. Over time, no association between atrophy of any subcortical structures and change in degree of apathy was found. Conclusion The presence of apathy is associated with atrophy of the thalamus in HD, suggesting that apathy has an underlying neural cause and might explain the high incidence of apathy in HD. However, no association was found between atrophy of these subcortical structures and increase in severity of apathy over a 2-year time period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Baake
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Leiden, The Netherlands; Huntington Center Topaz Overduin, Katwijk, The Netherlands.
| | - Emma M Coppen
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Erik van Duijn
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Leiden, The Netherlands; Mental Health Care of Center Delfland, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Eve M Dumas
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Leiden, The Netherlands; Tongerschans General Hospital, Heerenveen, The Netherlands
| | - Simon J A van den Bogaard
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Leiden, The Netherlands; Tongerschans General Hospital, Heerenveen, The Netherlands
| | - Rachael I Scahill
- Huntington's Disease Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK
| | - Hans Johnson
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Blair Leavitt
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Alexandra Durr
- ICM - Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universités - UPMC Université Paris VI UMR_S1127and APHP, Genetic Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Sarah J Tabrizi
- Huntington's Disease Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK
| | - David Craufurd
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Raymund A C Roos
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Different aspects of emotional processes in apathy: Application of the French translated dimensional apathy scale. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-017-9775-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Radakovic R, Davenport R, Starr JM, Abrahams S. Apathy dimensions in Parkinson's disease. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2018; 33:151-158. [PMID: 28247480 DOI: 10.1002/gps.4697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Apathy is a prominent and disabling symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD) and is a multidimensional behaviour, but which dimensions are specifically affected is unclear. Therefore, the aim of this preliminary study was to determine the psychometric properties of the Dimensional Apathy Scale (DAS) and explore the multidimensional profile of apathy in PD patients. METHODS Thirty-four PD patients, with 30 of their informants/carers, and 34 healthy controls, with 30 of their informants, completed the DAS, Apathy Evaluation Scale and the Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form. Motor staging and independent living status were recorded. RESULTS Comparative group analyses revealed that PD patients were significantly more apathetic on self-rated executive (p = 0.01) and initiation (p = 0.03) dimensions than controls, where only executive apathy was significantly higher in ratings of patients' informants/carers compared with controls' informants (p = 0.02). A third of patients were impaired on at least one apathy dimension. Additionally, patients with apathy tended to have more impaired activities of daily living, while none of the apathy dimensions related to motor disability. CONCLUSION Our findings show the DAS is a valid and reliable multidimensional apathy tool for use in PD. PD is characterised by an executive apathy profile as determined by informants/carers, although patients described both executive and initiation apathy. This indicates a lack of motivation for planning, organisation and attention and lack of initiation of thoughts or behaviours. Further research is needed to determine the cognitive underpinnings of this emerging apathy profile and the clinical impact in PD. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratko Radakovic
- Human Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Anne Rowling Regenerative Neurology Clinic, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Richard Davenport
- Anne Rowling Regenerative Neurology Clinic, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - John M Starr
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sharon Abrahams
- Human Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Anne Rowling Regenerative Neurology Clinic, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Jang SH, Chang CH, Jung YJ, Lee HD. Recovery of akinetic mutism and injured prefronto-caudate tract following shunt operation for hydrocephalus and rehabilitation: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e9117. [PMID: 29390310 PMCID: PMC5815722 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000009117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE A 76-year-old female patient was diagnosed with an aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage following rupture of a right posterior communicating artery aneurysm. PATIENT CONCERNS She was treated surgically with clipping of the aneurysmal neck. Six months after onset, when starting rehabilitation at our hospital, she showed no spontaneous movement or speech. DIAGNOSES:: aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage following rupture of a right posterior communicating artery aneurysm. INTERVENTIONS During 2 months' rehabilitation, her AM did not improve significantly. As there was no apparent change, she underwent a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt operation for hydrocephalus 8 months after her stroke. After the surgery, she remained in the AM state, but participated in a comprehensive rehabilitative management program similar to that before shunt operation. During 1 month's intensive rehabilitation, her AM gradually improved. At 9 months after onset, she became able to perform some daily activities by herself including eating, washing, and dressing. In addition, she could speak with some fluency. OUTCOMES On 6-month DTT, the neural connectivity of the caudate nucleus (CN) to the medial prefrontal cortex (PFC, Broadmann area [BA]: 10 and 12) and orbito-frontal cortex (BA 11 and 13) was low in both hemispheres. However, the neural connectivity of the CN to the medial PFC increased on both sides on 9-month DTT. The integrity of the arcuate fasciculus (AF) was preserved in both hemispheres on both 6- and 9-month DTTs. LESSONS Recovery of AM and injured PCTs was observed in a stroke patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Ho Jang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
| | - Chul Hoon Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jin Jung
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Do Lee
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
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Jang SH, Kim SH, Lee HD. Recovery of an injured prefronto-caudate tract in a patient with traumatic brain injury: A diffusion tensor tractography study. Brain Inj 2017; 31:1548-1551. [PMID: 28956643 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2017.1376761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We report on a patient with improvement of akinetic mutism (AM), who showed recovery of an injured prefronto-caudate tract following traumatic brain injury (TBI), which was demonstrated by follow-up diffusion tensor tractographies (DTTs). CASE PRESENTATION A 72-year-old female had suffered from head trauma resulting from falling down the stairs. She was diagnosed as subdural hematoma on the right frontal lobe and subarachnoid haemorrhage. At 5 weeks after head trauma, when starting rehabilitation, she showed no spontaneous movement or speech. She participated in a comprehensive rehabilitative management programme, including movement therapy and dopaminergic drugs, for improvement of AM. During 5 week's intensive rehabilitation, she showed gradual improvement of AM: she became able to perform some daily activities by herself including eating, dressing and walking. RESULTS On 5-week DTT, the neural connectivity of the caudate nucleus (CN) to the medial prefrontal cortex (PFC; Broadmann area [BA]: 10 and 12) and the orbitofrontal cortex (BA: 11 and 13) was decreased in both hemispheres; in contrast, the neural connectivity of the CN to the medial PFC was increased on the left side on 10-week and 6-month DTT. CONCLUSIONS Recovery of an injured prefronto-caudate tract concurrent with the improvement of AM was demonstrated in a patient with TBI, using follow-up DTTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Ho Jang
- a Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine , Yeungnam University , Namku , Taegu , Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Ho Kim
- b Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine , Yeungnam University , Namku , Taegu , Republic of Korea
| | - Han Do Lee
- a Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine , Yeungnam University , Namku , Taegu , Republic of Korea
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Fishman KN, Ashbaugh AR, Lanctôt KL, Cayley ML, Herrmann N, Murray BJ, Sicard M, Lien K, Sahlas DJ, Swartz RH. Apathy, not depressive symptoms, as a predictor of semantic and phonemic fluency task performance in stroke and transient ischemic attack. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2017; 40:449-461. [DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2017.1371282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keera N. Fishman
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Andrea R. Ashbaugh
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Krista L. Lanctôt
- Department of Medicine (Psychiatry), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Megan L. Cayley
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nathan Herrmann
- Department of Medicine (Psychiatry), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Brian J. Murray
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michelle Sicard
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Karen Lien
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Demetrios J. Sahlas
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Richard H. Swartz
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Radakovic R, Stephenson L, Newton J, Crockford C, Swingler R, Chandran S, Abrahams S. Multidimensional apathy and executive dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Cortex 2017; 94:142-151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2017.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Radakovic R, Starr JM, Abrahams S. A Novel Assessment and Profiling of Multidimensional Apathy in Alzheimer’s Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 60:57-67. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-170292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ratko Radakovic
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Anne Rowling Regenerative Neurology Clinic, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - John M. Starr
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sharon Abrahams
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Anne Rowling Regenerative Neurology Clinic, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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