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Nitzan N, Buzsáki G. Physiological characteristics of neurons in the mammillary bodies align with topographical organization of subicular inputs. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114539. [PMID: 39052483 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The mammillary bodies (MBOs), a group of hypothalamic nuclei, play a pivotal role in memory formation and spatial navigation. They receive extensive inputs from the hippocampus through the fornix, but the physiological significance of these connections remains poorly understood. Damage to the MBOs is associated with various forms of anterograde amnesia. However, information about the physiological characteristics of the MBO is limited, primarily due to the limited number of studies that have directly monitored MBO activity along with population patterns of its upstream partners. Employing large-scale silicon probe recording in mice, we characterize MBO activity and its interaction with the subiculum across various brain states. We find that MBO cells are highly diverse in their relationship to theta, ripple, and slow oscillations. Several of the physiological features are inherited by the topographically organized inputs to MBO cells. Our study provides insights into the functional organization of the MBOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noam Nitzan
- New York University Neuroscience Institute, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA; Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - György Buzsáki
- New York University Neuroscience Institute, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA; Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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2
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Brown A, Gervais NJ, Gravelsins L, O'Byrne J, Calvo N, Ramana S, Shao Z, Bernardini M, Jacobson M, Rajah MN, Einstein G. Effects of early midlife ovarian removal on sleep: Polysomnography-measured cortical arousal, homeostatic drive, and spindle characteristics. Horm Behav 2024; 165:105619. [PMID: 39178647 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2024.105619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO; removal of ovaries and fallopian tubes) prior to age 48 is associated with elevated risk for both Alzheimer's disease (AD) and sleep disorders such as insomnia and sleep apnea. In early midlife, individuals with BSO show reduced hippocampal volume, function, and hippocampal-dependent verbal episodic memory performance associated with changes in sleep. It is unknown whether BSO affects fine-grained sleep measurements (sleep microarchitecture) and how these changes might relate to hippocampal-dependent memory. We recruited thirty-six early midlife participants with BSO. Seventeen of these participants were taking 17β-estradiol therapy (BSO+ET) and 19 had never taken ET (BSO). Twenty age-matched control participants with intact ovaries (AMC) were also included. Overnight at-home polysomnography recordings were collected, along with subjective sleep quality and hot flash frequency. Multivariate Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis was used to assess how sleep varied between groups. Compared to AMC, BSO without ET was associated with significantly decreased time spent in non-rapid eye movement (NREM) stage 2 sleep as well as increased NREM stage 2 and 3 beta power, NREM stage 2 delta power, and spindle power and maximum amplitude. Increased spindle maximum amplitude was negatively correlated with verbal episodic memory performance. Decreased sleep latency, increased sleep efficiency, and increased time spent in rapid eye movement sleep were observed for BSO+ET. Findings suggest there is an association between ovarian hormone loss and sleep microarchitecture, which may contribute to poorer cognitive outcomes and be ameliorated by ET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana Brown
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G3, Canada.
| | - Nicole J Gervais
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G3, Canada; Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen 9712 CP, the Netherlands.
| | - Laura Gravelsins
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G3, Canada.
| | - Jordan O'Byrne
- Psychology Department, University of Montreal, Montreal H3T 1J4, Canada; Department of Health, Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal H3G 1M8, Canada.
| | - Noelia Calvo
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G3, Canada.
| | - Shreeyaa Ramana
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G3, Canada.
| | - Zhuo Shao
- Genetics Program, North York General Hospital, Toronto M2K 1E1, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto M5G 1X8, Canada.
| | | | - Michelle Jacobson
- Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto M5G 2C4, Canada; Women's College Hospital, Toronto M5S 1B2, Canada.
| | - M Natasha Rajah
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto M5B 2K3, Canada.
| | - Gillian Einstein
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G3, Canada; Baycrest Academy of Research and Education, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto M6A 2E1, Canada; Tema Genus, Linköping University, Linköping 581 83, Sweden.
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3
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Mehrotra D, Levenstein D, Duszkiewicz AJ, Carrasco SS, Booker SA, Kwiatkowska A, Peyrache A. Hyperpolarization-activated currents drive neuronal activation sequences in sleep. Curr Biol 2024; 34:3043-3054.e8. [PMID: 38901427 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Sequential neuronal patterns are believed to support information processing in the cortex, yet their origin is still a matter of debate. We report that neuronal activity in the mouse postsubiculum (PoSub), where a majority of neurons are modulated by the animal's head direction, was sequentially activated along the dorsoventral axis during sleep at the transition from hyperpolarized "DOWN" to activated "UP" states, while representing a stable direction. Computational modeling suggested that these dynamics could be attributed to a spatial gradient of hyperpolarization-activated currents (Ih), which we confirmed in ex vivo slice experiments and corroborated in other cortical structures. These findings open up the possibility that varying amounts of Ih across cortical neurons could result in sequential neuronal patterns and that traveling activity upstream of the entorhinal-hippocampal circuit organizes large-scale neuronal activity supporting learning and memory during sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhruv Mehrotra
- Montréal Neurological Institute and Hospital, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, 3801 Rue University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada; Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, 3801 Rue University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Daniel Levenstein
- Montréal Neurological Institute and Hospital, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, 3801 Rue University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada; MILA, 6666 Rue Saint-Urbain, Montréal, QC H2S 3H1, Canada
| | - Adrian J Duszkiewicz
- Montréal Neurological Institute and Hospital, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, 3801 Rue University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada; Division of Psychology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK; Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Sofia Skromne Carrasco
- Montréal Neurological Institute and Hospital, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, 3801 Rue University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada; Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, 3801 Rue University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Sam A Booker
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK; Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK; Patrick Wild Centre for Research into Autism, Fragile X Syndrome & Intellectual Disabilities, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Angelika Kwiatkowska
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK; Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Adrien Peyrache
- Montréal Neurological Institute and Hospital, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, 3801 Rue University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada.
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4
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Gillespie AK, Astudillo Maya D, Denovellis EL, Desse S, Frank LM. Neurofeedback training can modulate task-relevant memory replay rate in rats. eLife 2024; 12:RP90944. [PMID: 38958562 PMCID: PMC11221834 DOI: 10.7554/elife.90944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Hippocampal replay - the time-compressed, sequential reactivation of ensembles of neurons related to past experience - is a key neural mechanism of memory consolidation. Replay typically coincides with a characteristic pattern of local field potential activity, the sharp-wave ripple (SWR). Reduced SWR rates are associated with cognitive impairment in multiple models of neurodegenerative disease, suggesting that a clinically viable intervention to promote SWRs and replay would prove beneficial. We therefore developed a neurofeedback paradigm for rat subjects in which SWR detection triggered rapid positive feedback in the context of a memory-dependent task. This training protocol increased the prevalence of task-relevant replay during the targeted neurofeedback period by changing the temporal dynamics of SWR occurrence. This increase was also associated with neural and behavioral forms of compensation after the targeted period. These findings reveal short-timescale regulation of SWR generation and demonstrate that neurofeedback is an effective strategy for modulating hippocampal replay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K Gillespie
- Departments of Biological Structure and Lab Medicine & Pathology, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
- Departments of Physiology and Psychiatry and the Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Daniela Astudillo Maya
- Departments of Physiology and Psychiatry and the Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Eric L Denovellis
- Departments of Physiology and Psychiatry and the Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Howard Hughes Medical InstituteChevy ChaseUnited States
| | - Sachi Desse
- Departments of Physiology and Psychiatry and the Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Loren M Frank
- Departments of Physiology and Psychiatry and the Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Howard Hughes Medical InstituteChevy ChaseUnited States
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5
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Marsh B, Navas-Zuloaga MG, Rosen BQ, Sokolov Y, Delanois JE, Gonzalez OC, Krishnan GP, Halgren E, Bazhenov M. Emergent effects of synaptic connectivity on the dynamics of global and local slow waves in a large-scale thalamocortical network model of the human brain. PLoS Comput Biol 2024; 20:e1012245. [PMID: 39028760 PMCID: PMC11290683 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1012245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Slow-wave sleep (SWS), characterized by slow oscillations (SOs, <1Hz) of alternating active and silent states in the thalamocortical network, is a primary brain state during Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) sleep. In the last two decades, the traditional view of SWS as a global and uniform whole-brain state has been challenged by a growing body of evidence indicating that SO can be local and can coexist with wake-like activity. However, the mechanisms by which global and local SOs arise from micro-scale neuronal dynamics and network connectivity remain poorly understood. We developed a multi-scale, biophysically realistic human whole-brain thalamocortical network model capable of transitioning between the awake state and SWS, and we investigated the role of connectivity in the spatio-temporal dynamics of sleep SO. We found that the overall strength and a relative balance between long and short-range synaptic connections determined the network state. Importantly, for a range of synaptic strengths, the model demonstrated complex mixed SO states, where periods of synchronized global slow-wave activity were intermittent with the periods of asynchronous local slow-waves. An increase in the overall synaptic strength led to synchronized global SO, while a decrease in synaptic connectivity produced only local slow-waves that would not propagate beyond local areas. These results were compared to human data to validate probable models of biophysically realistic SO. The model producing mixed states provided the best match to the spatial coherence profile and the functional connectivity estimated from human subjects. These findings shed light on how the spatio-temporal properties of SO emerge from local and global cortical connectivity and provide a framework for further exploring the mechanisms and functions of SWS in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna Marsh
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - M. Gabriela Navas-Zuloaga
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Burke Q. Rosen
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Yury Sokolov
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Jean Erik Delanois
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Oscar C. Gonzalez
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Giri P. Krishnan
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Eric Halgren
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Departments of Radiology and Neuroscience, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Maxim Bazhenov
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
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6
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Valdivia G, Espinosa N, Lara-Vasquez A, Caneo M, Inostroza M, Born J, Fuentealba P. Sleep-dependent decorrelation of hippocampal spatial representations. iScience 2024; 27:110076. [PMID: 38883845 PMCID: PMC11176648 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuronal ensembles are crucial for episodic memory and spatial mapping. Sleep, particularly non-REM (NREM), is vital for memory consolidation, as it triggers plasticity mechanisms through brain oscillations that reactivate neuronal ensembles. Here, we assessed their role in consolidating hippocampal spatial representations during sleep. We recorded hippocampus activity in rats performing a spatial object-place recognition (OPR) memory task, during encoding and retrieval periods, separated by intervening sleep. Successful OPR retrieval correlated with NREM duration, during which cortical oscillations decreased in power and density as well as neuronal spiking, suggesting global downregulation of network excitability. However, neurons encoding specific spatial locations (i.e., place cells) or objects during OPR showed stronger synchrony with brain oscillations compared to non-encoding neurons, and the stability of spatial representations decreased proportionally with NREM duration. Our findings suggest that NREM sleep may promote flexible remapping in hippocampal ensembles, potentially aiding memory consolidation and adaptation to novel spatial contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Valdivia
- Laboratory of Neural Circuits, Departamento de Psiquiatria, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile. Santiago, Chile
| | - Nelson Espinosa
- Laboratory of Neural Circuits, Departamento de Psiquiatria, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile. Santiago, Chile
| | - Ariel Lara-Vasquez
- Laboratory of Neural Circuits, Departamento de Psiquiatria, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile. Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio Caneo
- Laboratory of Neural Circuits, Departamento de Psiquiatria, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile. Santiago, Chile
| | - Marion Inostroza
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jan Born
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Pablo Fuentealba
- Laboratory of Neural Circuits, Departamento de Psiquiatria, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile. Santiago, Chile
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7
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Schreiner T, Griffiths BJ, Kutlu M, Vollmar C, Kaufmann E, Quach S, Remi J, Noachtar S, Staudigl T. Spindle-locked ripples mediate memory reactivation during human NREM sleep. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5249. [PMID: 38898100 PMCID: PMC11187142 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49572-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Memory consolidation relies in part on the reactivation of previous experiences during sleep. The precise interplay of sleep-related oscillations (slow oscillations, spindles and ripples) is thought to coordinate the information flow between relevant brain areas, with ripples mediating memory reactivation. However, in humans empirical evidence for a role of ripples in memory reactivation is lacking. Here, we investigated the relevance of sleep oscillations and specifically ripples for memory reactivation during human sleep using targeted memory reactivation. Intracranial electrophysiology in epilepsy patients and scalp EEG in healthy participants revealed that elevated levels of slow oscillation - spindle activity coincided with the read-out of experimentally induced memory reactivation. Importantly, spindle-locked ripples recorded intracranially from the medial temporal lobe were found to be correlated with the identification of memory reactivation during non-rapid eye movement sleep. Our findings establish ripples as key-oscillation for sleep-related memory reactivation in humans and emphasize the importance of the coordinated interplay of the cardinal sleep oscillations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Schreiner
- Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin J Griffiths
- Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Merve Kutlu
- Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Vollmar
- Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kaufmann
- Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie Quach
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Remi
- Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Soheyl Noachtar
- Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Staudigl
- Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.
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8
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Pirazzini G, Ursino M. Modeling the contribution of theta-gamma coupling to sequential memory, imagination, and dreaming. Front Neural Circuits 2024; 18:1326609. [PMID: 38947492 PMCID: PMC11211613 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2024.1326609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Gamma oscillations nested in a theta rhythm are observed in the hippocampus, where are assumed to play a role in sequential episodic memory, i.e., memorization and retrieval of events that unfold in time. In this work, we present an original neurocomputational model based on neural masses, which simulates the encoding of sequences of events in the hippocampus and subsequent retrieval by exploiting the theta-gamma code. The model is based on a three-layer structure in which individual Units oscillate with a gamma rhythm and code for individual features of an episode. The first layer (working memory in the prefrontal cortex) maintains a cue in memory until a new signal is presented. The second layer (CA3 cells) implements an auto-associative memory, exploiting excitatory and inhibitory plastic synapses to recover an entire episode from a single feature. Units in this layer are disinhibited by a theta rhythm from an external source (septum or Papez circuit). The third layer (CA1 cells) implements a hetero-associative net with the previous layer, able to recover a sequence of episodes from the first one. During an encoding phase, simulating high-acetylcholine levels, the network is trained with Hebbian (synchronizing) and anti-Hebbian (desynchronizing) rules. During retrieval (low-acetylcholine), the network can correctly recover sequences from an initial cue using gamma oscillations nested inside the theta rhythm. Moreover, in high noise, the network isolated from the environment simulates a mind-wandering condition, randomly replicating previous sequences. Interestingly, in a state simulating sleep, with increased noise and reduced synapses, the network can "dream" by creatively combining sequences, exploiting features shared by different episodes. Finally, an irrational behavior (erroneous superimposition of features in various episodes, like "delusion") occurs after pathological-like reduction in fast inhibitory synapses. The model can represent a straightforward and innovative tool to help mechanistically understand the theta-gamma code in different mental states.
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9
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Marsh BM, Navas-Zuloaga MG, Rosen BQ, Sokolov Y, Delanois JE, González OC, Krishnan GP, Halgren E, Bazhenov M. Emergent effects of synaptic connectivity on the dynamics of global and local slow waves in a large-scale thalamocortical network model of the human brain. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.10.15.562408. [PMID: 38617301 PMCID: PMC11014475 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.15.562408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Slow-wave sleep (SWS), characterized by slow oscillations (SO, <1Hz) of alternating active and silent states in the thalamocortical network, is a primary brain state during Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) sleep. In the last two decades, the traditional view of SWS as a global and uniform whole-brain state has been challenged by a growing body of evidence indicating that SO can be local and can coexist with wake-like activity. However, the understanding of how global and local SO emerges from micro-scale neuron dynamics and network connectivity remains unclear. We developed a multi-scale, biophysically realistic human whole-brain thalamocortical network model capable of transitioning between the awake state and slow-wave sleep, and we investigated the role of connectivity in the spatio-temporal dynamics of sleep SO. We found that the overall strength and a relative balance between long and short-range synaptic connections determined the network state. Importantly, for a range of synaptic strengths, the model demonstrated complex mixed SO states, where periods of synchronized global slow-wave activity were intermittent with the periods of asynchronous local slow-waves. Increase of the overall synaptic strength led to synchronized global SO, while decrease of synaptic connectivity produced only local slow-waves that would not propagate beyond local area. These results were compared to human data to validate probable models of biophysically realistic SO. The model producing mixed states provided the best match to the spatial coherence profile and the functional connectivity estimated from human subjects. These findings shed light on how the spatio-temporal properties of SO emerge from local and global cortical connectivity and provide a framework for further exploring the mechanisms and functions of SWS in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna M Marsh
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego
| | | | - Burke Q Rosen
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego
| | - Yury Sokolov
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego
| | - Jean Erik Delanois
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego
| | | | | | - Eric Halgren
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego
- Department of Radiology and Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego
| | - Maxim Bazhenov
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego
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10
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Choudhary K, Berberich S, Hahn TTG, McFarland JM, Mehta MR. Spontaneous persistent activity and inactivity in vivo reveals differential cortico-entorhinal functional connectivity. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3542. [PMID: 38719802 PMCID: PMC11079062 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47617-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the functional connectivity between brain regions and its emergent dynamics is a central challenge. Here we present a theory-experiment hybrid approach involving iteration between a minimal computational model and in vivo electrophysiological measurements. Our model not only predicted spontaneous persistent activity (SPA) during Up-Down-State oscillations, but also inactivity (SPI), which has never been reported. These were confirmed in vivo in the membrane potential of neurons, especially from layer 3 of the medial and lateral entorhinal cortices. The data was then used to constrain two free parameters, yielding a unique, experimentally determined model for each neuron. Analytic and computational analysis of the model generated a dozen quantitative predictions about network dynamics, which were all confirmed in vivo to high accuracy. Our technique predicted functional connectivity; e. g. the recurrent excitation is stronger in the medial than lateral entorhinal cortex. This too was confirmed with connectomics data. This technique uncovers how differential cortico-entorhinal dialogue generates SPA and SPI, which could form an energetically efficient working-memory substrate and influence the consolidation of memories during sleep. More broadly, our procedure can reveal the functional connectivity of large networks and a theory of their emergent dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Choudhary
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- HRL Laboratories, Malibu, CA, USA
| | - Sven Berberich
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | - Mayank R Mehta
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- W. M. Keck Center for Neurophysics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Departments of Neurology and Neurobiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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11
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Shipkov D, Nasretdinov A, Khazipov R, Valeeva G. Synchronous excitation in the superficial and deep layers of the medial entorhinal cortex precedes early sharp waves in the neonatal rat hippocampus. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1403073. [PMID: 38737704 PMCID: PMC11082381 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1403073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Early Sharp Waves (eSPWs) are the earliest pattern of network activity in the developing hippocampus of neonatal rodents. eSPWs were originally considered to be an immature prototype of adult SPWs, which are spontaneous top-down hippocampal events that are self-generated in the hippocampal circuitry. However, recent studies have shifted this paradigm to a bottom-up model of eSPW genesis, in which eSPWs are primarily driven by the inputs from the layers 2/3 of the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC). A hallmark of the adult SPWs is the relay of information from the CA1 hippocampus to target structures, including deep layers of the EC. Whether and how deep layers of the MEC are activated during eSPWs in the neonates remains elusive. In this study, we investigated activity in layer 5 of the MEC of neonatal rat pups during eSPWs using silicone probe recordings from the MEC and CA1 hippocampus. We found that neurons in deep and superficial layers of the MEC fire synchronously during MEC sharp potentials, and that neuronal firing in both superficial and deep layers of the MEC precedes the activation of CA1 neurons during eSPWs. Thus, the sequence of activation of CA1 hippocampal neurons and deep EC neurons during sharp waves reverses during development, from a lead of deep EC neurons during eSPWs in neonates to a lead of CA1 neurons during adult SPWs. These findings suggest another important difference in the generative mechanisms and possible functional roles of eSPWs compared to adult SPWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitrii Shipkov
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Azat Nasretdinov
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Roustem Khazipov
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
- INMED - INSERM, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Guzel Valeeva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
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12
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Arndt KC, Gilbert ET, Klaver LMF, Kim J, Buhler CM, Basso JC, McKenzie S, English DF. Granular retrosplenial cortex layer 2/3 generates high-frequency oscillations dynamically coupled with hippocampal rhythms across brain states. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113910. [PMID: 38461414 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The granular retrosplenial cortex (gRSC) exhibits high-frequency oscillations (HFOs; ∼150 Hz), which can be driven by a hippocampus-subiculum pathway. How the cellular-synaptic and laminar organization of gRSC facilitates HFOs is unknown. Here, we probe gRSC HFO generation and coupling with hippocampal rhythms using focal optogenetics and silicon-probe recordings in behaving mice. ChR2-mediated excitation of CaMKII-expressing cells in L2/3 or L5 induces HFOs, but spontaneous HFOs are found only in L2/3, where HFO power is highest. HFOs couple to CA1 sharp wave-ripples (SPW-Rs) during rest and the descending phase of theta. gRSC HFO current sources and sinks are the same for events during both SPW-Rs and theta oscillations. Independent component analysis shows that high gamma (50-100 Hz) in CA1 stratum lacunosum moleculare is comodulated with HFO power. HFOs may thus facilitate interregional communication of a multisynaptic loop between the gRSC, hippocampus, and medial entorhinal cortex during distinct brain and behavioral states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiser C Arndt
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - Earl T Gilbert
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | | | - Jongwoon Kim
- The Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - Chelsea M Buhler
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - Julia C Basso
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA; Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA; Center for Health Behaviors Research, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Sam McKenzie
- Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
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13
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Arjmandi-Rad S, Vestergaard Nieland JD, Goozee KG, Vaseghi S. The effects of different acetylcholinesterase inhibitors on EEG patterns in patients with Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review. Neurol Sci 2024; 45:417-430. [PMID: 37843690 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-07114-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the most common type of dementia. The early diagnosis of AD is an important factor for the control of AD progression. Electroencephalography (EEG) can be used for early diagnosis of AD. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) are also used for the amelioration of AD symptoms. In this systematic review, we reviewed the effect of different AChEIs including donepezil, rivastigmine, tacrine, physostigmine, and galantamine on EEG patterns in patients with AD. METHODS PubMed electronic database was searched and 122 articles were found. After removal of unrelated articles, 24 articles were selected for the present study. RESULTS AChEIs can decrease beta, theta, and delta frequency bands in patients with AD. However, conflicting results were found for alpha band. Some studies have shown increased alpha frequency, while others have shown decreased alpha frequency following treatment with AChEIs. The only difference was the type of drug. CONCLUSIONS We found that studies reporting the decreased alpha frequency used donepezil and galantamine, while studies reporting the increased alpha frequency used rivastigmine and tacrine. It was suggested that future studies should focus on the effect of different AChEIs on EEG bands, especially alpha frequency in patients with AD, to compare their effects and find the reason for their different influence on EEG patterns. Also, differences between the effects of AChEIs on oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination may be another important factor. This is the first article investigating the effect of different AChEIs on EEG patterns in patients with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Arjmandi-Rad
- Institute for Cognitive & Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Kathryn G Goozee
- KaRa Institute of Neurological Diseases Pty Ltd, Macquarie, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Salar Vaseghi
- Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran.
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14
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Weiss SA, Fried I, Engel J, Bragin A, Wang S, Sperling MR, Wong RK, Nir Y, Staba RJ. Pathological neurons generate ripples at the UP-DOWN transition disrupting information transfer. Epilepsia 2024; 65:362-377. [PMID: 38041560 PMCID: PMC10922301 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To confirm and investigate why pathological high-frequency oscillations (pHFOs), including ripples (80-200 Hz) and fast ripples (200-600 Hz), are generated during the UP-DOWN transition of the slow wave and if information transmission mediated by ripple temporal coupling is disrupted in the seizure-onset zone (SOZ). METHODS We isolated 217 total units from 175.95 intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) contact-hours of synchronized macro- and microelectrode recordings from 6 patients. Sleep slow oscillation (.1-2 Hz) epochs were identified in the iEEG recording. iEEG HFOs that occurred superimposed on the slow wave were transformed to phasors and adjusted by the phase of maximum firing in nearby units (i.e., maximum UP). We tested whether, in the SOZ, HFOs and associated action potentials (APs) occur more often at the UP-DOWN transition. We also examined ripple temporal correlations using cross-correlograms. RESULTS At the group level in the SOZ, HFO and HFO-associated AP probability was highest during the UP-DOWN transition of slow wave excitability (p < < .001). In the non-SOZ, HFO and HFO-associated AP was highest during the DOWN-UP transition (p < < .001). At the unit level in the SOZ, 15.6% and 20% of units exhibited more robust firing during ripples (Cohen's d = .11-.83) and fast ripples (d = .36-.90) at the UP-DOWN transition (p < .05 f.d.r. corrected), respectively. By comparison, also in the SOZ, 6.6% (d = .14-.30) and 8.5% (d = .33-.41) of units had significantly less firing during ripples and fast ripples at the UP-DOWN transition, respectively. Additional data shows that ripple and fast ripple temporal correlations, involving global slow waves, between the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, and parahippocampal gyrus were reduced by >50% in the SOZ compared to the non-SOZ (N = 3). SIGNIFICANCE The UP-DOWN transition of slow wave excitability facilitates the activation of pathological neurons to generate pHFOs. Ripple temporal correlations across brain regions may be important in memory consolidation and are disrupted in the SOZ, perhaps by pHFO generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shennan A Weiss
- Dept. of Neurology, State University of New York Downstate, Brooklyn, New York, 11203 USA
- Dept. of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York Downstate, Brooklyn, New York, 11203 USA
- Dept. of Neurology, New York City Health + Hospitals/Kings County, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Itzhak Fried
- Dept. of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| | - Jerome Engel
- Dept. of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
- Dept. of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
- Dept. of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
- Dept. of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
- Brain Research Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| | - Anatol Bragin
- Dept. of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| | - Shuang Wang
- Depts of Neurology, Epilepsy Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Michael R. Sperling
- Depts. of Neurology and Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19107, USA
| | - Robert K.S. Wong
- Dept. of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York Downstate, Brooklyn, New York, 11203 USA
| | - Yuval Nir
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- The Sieratzki-Sagol Center for Sleep Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel
| | - Richard J Staba
- Dept. of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
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15
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Ye H, Ye L, Hu L, Yang Y, Ge Y, Chen R, Wang S, Jin B, Ming W, Wang Z, Xu S, Xu C, Wang Y, Ding Y, Zhu J, Ding M, Chen Z, Wang S, Chen C. Widespread slow oscillations support interictal epileptiform discharge networks in focal epilepsy. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 191:106409. [PMID: 38218457 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) often co-occur across spatially-separated cortical regions, forming IED networks. However, the factors prompting IED propagation remain unelucidated. We hypothesized that slow oscillations (SOs) might facilitate IED propagation. Here, the amplitude and phase synchronization of SOs preceding propagating and non-propagating IEDs were compared in 22 patients with focal epilepsy undergoing intracranial electroencephalography (EEG) evaluation. Intracranial channels were categorized into the irritative zone (IZ) and normal zone (NOZ) regarding the presence of IEDs. During wakefulness, we found that pre-IED SOs within the IZ exhibited higher amplitudes for propagating IEDs than non-propagating IEDs (delta band: p = 0.001, theta band: p < 0.001). This increase in SOs was also concurrently observed in the NOZ (delta band: p = 0.04). Similarly, the inter-channel phase synchronization of SOs prior to propagating IEDs was higher than those preceding non-propagating IEDs in the IZ (delta band: p = 0.04). Through sliding window analysis, we observed that SOs preceding propagating IEDs progressively increased in amplitude and phase synchronization, while those preceding non-propagating IEDs remained relatively stable. Significant differences in amplitude occurred approximately 1150 ms before IEDs. During non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, SOs on scalp recordings also showed higher amplitudes before intracranial propagating IEDs than before non-propagating IEDs (delta band: p = 0.006). Furthermore, the analysis of IED density around sleep SOs revealed that only high-amplitude sleep SOs demonstrated correlation with IED propagation. Overall, our study highlights that transient but widely distributed SOs are associated with IED propagation as well as generation in focal epilepsy during sleep and wakefulness, providing new insight into the EEG substrate supporting IED networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Ye
- Department of Neurology and Epilepsy Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Nanhu Brain-computer Interface Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingqi Ye
- Department of Neurology and Epilepsy Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingli Hu
- Department of Neurology and Epilepsy Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuyu Yang
- Department of Neurology and Epilepsy Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Ge
- Department of Neurology and Epilepsy Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruotong Chen
- Department of Neurology and Epilepsy Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Neurology and Epilepsy Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Jin
- Department of Neurology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenjie Ming
- Department of Neurology and Epilepsy Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhongjin Wang
- Department of Neurology and Epilepsy Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sha Xu
- Department of Neurology and Epilepsy Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cenglin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yao Ding
- Department of Neurology and Epilepsy Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junming Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery and Epilepsy Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meiping Ding
- Department of Neurology and Epilepsy Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Neurology and Epilepsy Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Neurology and Epilepsy Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Nanhu Brain-computer Interface Institute, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Cong Chen
- Department of Neurology and Epilepsy Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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16
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Jeong H, Namboodiri VMK, Jung MW, Andermann ML. Sensory cortical ensembles exhibit differential coupling to ripples in distinct hippocampal subregions. Curr Biol 2023; 33:5185-5198.e4. [PMID: 37995696 PMCID: PMC10842729 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.10.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Cortical neurons activated during recent experiences often reactivate with dorsal hippocampal CA1 ripples during subsequent rest. Less is known about cortical interactions with intermediate hippocampal CA1, whose connectivity, functions, and ripple events differ from dorsal CA1. We identified three clusters of putative excitatory neurons in mouse visual cortex that are preferentially excited together with either dorsal or intermediate CA1 ripples or suppressed before both ripples. Neurons in each cluster were evenly distributed across primary and higher visual cortices and co-active even in the absence of ripples. These ensembles exhibited similar visual responses but different coupling to thalamus and pupil-indexed arousal. We observed a consistent activity sequence preceding and predicting ripples: (1) suppression of ripple-suppressed cortical neurons, (2) thalamic silence, and (3) activation of intermediate CA1-ripple-activated cortical neurons. We propose that coordinated dynamics of these ensembles relay visual experiences to distinct hippocampal subregions for incorporation into different cognitive maps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijeong Jeong
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, 1651 4th Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Center for Synaptic Brain Dysfunctions, Institute for Basic Science, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Vijay Mohan K Namboodiri
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, 1651 4th Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, 1651 4th Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Weill Institute for Neuroscience, Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, Center for Integrative Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, 1651 4th Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | - Min Whan Jung
- Center for Synaptic Brain Dysfunctions, Institute for Basic Science, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mark L Andermann
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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17
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Sheybani L, Vivekananda U, Rodionov R, Diehl B, Chowdhury FA, McEvoy AW, Miserocchi A, Bisby JA, Bush D, Burgess N, Walker MC. Wake slow waves in focal human epilepsy impact network activity and cognition. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7397. [PMID: 38036557 PMCID: PMC10689494 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42971-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Slow waves of neuronal activity are a fundamental component of sleep that are proposed to have homeostatic and restorative functions. Despite this, their interaction with pathology is unclear and there is only indirect evidence of their presence during wakefulness. Using intracortical recordings from the temporal lobe of 25 patients with epilepsy, we demonstrate the existence of local wake slow waves (LoWS) with key features of sleep slow waves, including a down-state of neuronal firing. Consistent with a reduction in neuronal activity, LoWS were associated with slowed cognitive processing. However, we also found that LoWS showed signatures of a homeostatic relationship with interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs): exhibiting progressive adaptation during the build-up of network excitability before an IED and reducing the impact of subsequent IEDs on network excitability. We therefore propose an epilepsy homeostasis hypothesis: that slow waves in epilepsy reduce aberrant activity at the price of transient cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Sheybani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Umesh Vivekananda
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Roman Rodionov
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Beate Diehl
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Fahmida A Chowdhury
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Andrew W McEvoy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Anna Miserocchi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - James A Bisby
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel Bush
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Neil Burgess
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Matthew C Walker
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
- NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK.
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18
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Chang H, Esteves IM, Neumann AR, Mohajerani MH, McNaughton BL. Cortical reactivation of spatial and non-spatial features coordinates with hippocampus to form a memory dialogue. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7748. [PMID: 38012135 PMCID: PMC10682454 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43254-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Episodic memories comprise diverse attributes of experience distributed across neocortical areas. The hippocampus is integral to rapidly binding these diffuse representations, as they occur, to be later reinstated. However, the nature of the information exchanged during this hippocampal-cortical dialogue remains poorly understood. A recent study has shown that the secondary motor cortex carries two types of representations: place cell-like activity, which were impaired by hippocampal lesions, and responses tied to visuo-tactile cues, which became more pronounced following hippocampal lesions. Using two-photon Ca2+ imaging to record neuronal activities in the secondary motor cortex of male Thy1-GCaMP6s mice, we assessed the cortical retrieval of spatial and non-spatial attributes from previous explorations in a virtual environment. We show that, following navigation, spontaneous resting state reactivations convey varying degrees of spatial (trajectory sequences) and non-spatial (visuo-tactile attributes) information, while reactivations of non-spatial attributes tend to precede reactivations of spatial representations surrounding hippocampal sharp-wave ripples.
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Affiliation(s)
- HaoRan Chang
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, T1K 3M4, AB, Canada.
| | - Ingrid M Esteves
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, T1K 3M4, AB, Canada
| | - Adam R Neumann
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, T1K 3M4, AB, Canada
| | - Majid H Mohajerani
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, T1K 3M4, AB, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Hospital Research Centre, McGill University, 6875 Boulevard LaSalle, Verdun, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Bruce L McNaughton
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, T1K 3M4, AB, Canada
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, 2205 McGaugh Hall, Irvine, 92697, CA, USA
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19
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Zutshi I, Buzsáki G. Hippocampal sharp-wave ripples and their spike assembly content are regulated by the medial entorhinal cortex. Curr Biol 2023; 33:3648-3659.e4. [PMID: 37572665 PMCID: PMC10530523 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Hippocampal sharp-wave ripples (SPW-Rs) are critical for memory consolidation and retrieval. The neuronal content of spiking during SPW-Rs is believed to be under the influence of neocortical inputs via the entorhinal cortex (EC). Optogenetic silencing of the medial EC (mEC) reduced the incidence of SPW-Rs with minor impacts on their magnitude or duration, similar to local CA1 silencing. The effect of mEC silencing on CA1 firing and field potentials was comparable to the effect of transient cortex-wide DOWN states of non-REM (NREM) sleep, implying that decreased SPW-R incidence in both cases is due to tonic disfacilitation of hippocampal circuits. The neuronal composition of CA1 pyramidal neurons during SPW-Rs was altered by mEC silencing but was restored immediately after silencing. We suggest that the mEC provides both tonic and transient influences on hippocampal network states by timing the occurrence of SPW-Rs and altering their neuronal content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ipshita Zutshi
- New York University Neuroscience Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - György Buzsáki
- New York University Neuroscience Institute, New York, NY, USA; Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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20
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González J, Cavelli M, Tort ABL, Torterolo P, Rubido N. Sleep disrupts complex spiking dynamics in the neocortex and hippocampus. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290146. [PMID: 37590234 PMCID: PMC10434889 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal interactions give rise to complex dynamics in cortical networks, often described in terms of the diversity of activity patterns observed in a neural signal. Interestingly, the complexity of spontaneous electroencephalographic signals decreases during slow-wave sleep (SWS); however, the underlying neural mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we analyse in-vivo recordings from neocortical and hippocampal neuronal populations in rats and show that the complexity decrease is due to the emergence of synchronous neuronal DOWN states. Namely, we find that DOWN states during SWS force the population activity to be more recurrent, deterministic, and less random than during REM sleep or wakefulness, which, in turn, leads to less complex field recordings. Importantly, when we exclude DOWN states from the analysis, the recordings during wakefulness and sleep become indistinguishable: the spiking activity in all the states collapses to a common scaling. We complement these results by implementing a critical branching model of the cortex, which shows that inducing DOWN states to only a percentage of neurons is enough to generate a decrease in complexity that replicates SWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín González
- Departamento de Fisiología de Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Matias Cavelli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Adriano B. L. Tort
- Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Pablo Torterolo
- Departamento de Fisiología de Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Nicolás Rubido
- University of Aberdeen, King’s College, Institute for Complex Systems and Mathematical Biology, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
- Instituto de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
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21
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Shi Y, Cui H, Li X, Chen L, Zhang C, Zhao X, Li X, Shao Q, Sun Q, Yan K, Wang G. Laminar and dorsoventral organization of layer 1 interneuronal microcircuitry in superficial layers of the medial entorhinal cortex. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112782. [PMID: 37436894 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Layer 1 (L1) interneurons (INs) participate in various brain functions by gating information flow in the neocortex, but their role in the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) is still unknown, largely due to scant knowledge of MEC L1 microcircuitry. Using simultaneous triple-octuple whole-cell recordings and morphological reconstructions, we comprehensively depict L1IN networks in the MEC. We identify three morphologically distinct types of L1INs with characteristic electrophysiological properties. We dissect intra- and inter-laminar cell-type-specific microcircuits of L1INs, showing connectivity patterns different from those in the neocortex. Remarkably, motif analysis reveals transitive and clustered features of L1 networks, as well as over-represented trans-laminar motifs. Finally, we demonstrate the dorsoventral gradient of L1IN microcircuits, with dorsal L1 neurogliaform cells receiving fewer intra-laminar inputs but exerting more inhibition on L2 principal neurons. These results thus present a more comprehensive picture of L1IN microcircuitry, which is indispensable for deciphering the function of L1INs in the MEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Shi
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Hui Cui
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xiaoyue Li
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ligu Chen
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xinran Zhao
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xiaowan Li
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Qiming Shao
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Kaiyue Yan
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Guangfu Wang
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
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22
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Arndt KC, Gilbert ET, Klaver LMF, Kim J, Buhler CM, Basso JC, McKenzie S, English DF. Granular retrosplenial cortex layer 2/3 generates high-frequency oscillations coupled with hippocampal theta and gamma in online states or sharp-wave ripples in offline states. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.10.547981. [PMID: 37502984 PMCID: PMC10369913 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.10.547981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal oscillations support information transfer by temporally aligning the activity of anatomically distributed 'writer' and 'reader' cell assemblies. High-frequency oscillations (HFOs) such as hippocampal CA1 sharp-wave ripples (SWRs; 100-250 Hz) are sufficiently fast to initiate synaptic plasticity between assemblies and are required for memory consolidation. HFOs are observed in parietal and midline cortices including granular retrosplenial cortex (gRSC). In 'offline' brain states (e.g. quiet wakefulness) gRSC HFOs co-occur with CA1 SWRs, while in 'online' states (e.g. ambulation) HFOs persist with the emergence of theta oscillations. The mechanisms of gRSC HFO oscillations, specifically whether the gRSC can intrinsically generate HFOs, and which layers support HFOs across states, remain unclear. We addressed these issues in behaving mice using optogenetic excitation in individual layers of the gRSC and high density silicon-probe recordings across gRSC layers and hippocampus CA1. Optogenetically induced HFOs (iHFOs) could be elicited by depolarizing excitatory neurons with 100 ms half-sine wave pulses in layer 2/3 (L2/3) or layer 5 (L5) though L5 iHFOs were of lower power than in L2/3. Critically, spontaneous HFOs were only observed in L2/3 and never in L5. Intra-laminar monosynaptic connectivity between excitatory and inhibitory neurons was similar across layers, suggesting other factors restrict HFOs to L2/3. To compare HFOs in online versus offline states we analyzed, separately, HFOs that did or did not co-occur with CA1 SWRs. Using current-source density analysis we found uniform synaptic inputs to L2/3 during all gRSC HFOs, suggesting layer-specific inputs may dictate the localization of HFOs to L2/3. HFOs occurring without SWRs were aligned with the descending phase of both gRSC and CA1 theta oscillations and were coherent with CA1 high frequency gamma oscillations (50-80 Hz). These results demonstrate that gRSC can internally generate HFOs without rhythmic inputs and that HFOs occur exclusively in L2/3, coupled to distinct hippocampal oscillations in online versus offline states.
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23
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Fernandez-Ruiz A, Sirota A, Lopes-Dos-Santos V, Dupret D. Over and above frequency: Gamma oscillations as units of neural circuit operations. Neuron 2023; 111:936-953. [PMID: 37023717 PMCID: PMC7614431 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Gamma oscillations (∼30-150 Hz) are widespread correlates of neural circuit functions. These network activity patterns have been described across multiple animal species, brain structures, and behaviors, and are usually identified based on their spectral peak frequency. Yet, despite intensive investigation, whether gamma oscillations implement causal mechanisms of specific brain functions or represent a general dynamic mode of neural circuit operation remains unclear. In this perspective, we review recent advances in the study of gamma oscillations toward a deeper understanding of their cellular mechanisms, neural pathways, and functional roles. We discuss that a given gamma rhythm does not per se implement any specific cognitive function but rather constitutes an activity motif reporting the cellular substrates, communication channels, and computational operations underlying information processing in its generating brain circuit. Accordingly, we propose shifting the attention from a frequency-based to a circuit-level definition of gamma oscillations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anton Sirota
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
| | - Vítor Lopes-Dos-Santos
- Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - David Dupret
- Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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24
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Kersanté F, Purple RJ, Jones MW. The GABA A receptor modulator zolpidem augments hippocampal-prefrontal coupling during non-REM sleep. Neuropsychopharmacology 2023; 48:594-604. [PMID: 35717464 PMCID: PMC9938179 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-022-01355-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Benzodiazepines and 'Z-drugs' (including zolpidem and zopiclone) are GABAA receptor (GABAAR) positive modulators commonly prescribed as hypnotics to treat insomnia and/or anxiety. However, alongside sedation, augmenting GABAAR function may also alter coordinated neuronal activity during sleep, thereby influencing sleep-dependent processes including memory consolidation. We used simultaneous recordings of neural population activity from the medial prelimbic cortex (PrL) and CA1 of the dorsal hippocampus (dCA1) of naturally sleeping rats to detail the effects of zolpidem on network activity during the cardinal oscillations of non-REM sleep. For comparison, we also characterized the effects of diazepam and 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisoxazolo(5,4-c)pyridin-3-ol (THIP/gaboxadol), which acts predominantly at extra-synaptic GABAARs. Zolpidem and THIP significantly increased the amplitudes of slow-waves, which were attenuated by diazepam. Zolpidem increased hippocampal ripple density whereas diazepam decreased both ripple density and intrinsic frequency. While none of the drugs affected thalamocortical spindles in isolation, zolpidem augmented the temporal coordination between slow-waves and spindles. At the cellular level, analyses of spiking activity from 523 PrL and 579 dCA1 neurons revealed that zolpidem significantly enhanced synchronized pauses in cortical firing during slow-wave down states, while increasing correlated activity within and between dCA1 and PrL populations. Of the drugs compared here, zolpidem was unique in augmenting coordinated activity within and between hippocampus and neocortex during non-REM sleep. Zolpidem's enhancement of hippocampal-prefrontal coupling may reflect the cellular basis of its potential to modulate offline memory processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavie Kersanté
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Ross J Purple
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Matthew W Jones
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.
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25
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Hall AF, Wang DV. The two tales of hippocampal sharp-wave ripple content: The rigid and the plastic. Prog Neurobiol 2023; 221:102396. [PMID: 36563928 PMCID: PMC9899323 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2022.102396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Sharp-wave ripples, prominently in the CA1 region of the hippocampus, are short oscillatory events accompanied by bursts of neural firing. Ripples and associated hippocampal place cell sequences communicate with cortical ensembles during slow-wave sleep, which has been shown to be critical for systems consolidation of episodic memories. This consolidation is not limited to a newly formed memory trace; instead, ripples appear to reactivate and consolidate memories spanning various experiences. Despite this broad spanning influence, ripples remain capable of producing precise memories. The underlying mechanisms that enable ripples to consolidate memories broadly and with specificity across experiences remain unknown. In this review, we discuss data that uncovers circuit-level processes that generate ripples and influence their characteristics during consolidation. Based on current knowledge, we propose that memory emerges from the integration of two parallel consolidation pathways in CA1: the rigid and plastic pathways. The rigid pathway generates ripples stochastically, providing a backbone upon which dynamic plastic pathway inputs carrying novel information are integrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arron F Hall
- Department of Neurobiology & Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA
| | - Dong V Wang
- Department of Neurobiology & Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA.
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26
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Karimi Abadchi J, Rezaei Z, Knöpfel T, McNaughton BL, Mohajerani MH. Inhibition is a prevalent mode of activity in the neocortex around awake hippocampal ripples in mice. eLife 2023; 12:79513. [PMID: 36645126 PMCID: PMC9876570 DOI: 10.7554/elife.79513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Coordinated peri-ripple activity in the hippocampal-neocortical network is essential for mnemonic information processing in the brain. Hippocampal ripples likely serve different functions in sleep and awake states. Thus, the corresponding neocortical activity patterns may differ in important ways. We addressed this possibility by conducting voltage and glutamate wide-field imaging of the neocortex with concurrent hippocampal electrophysiology in awake mice. Contrary to our previously published sleep results, deactivation and activation were dominant in post-ripple neocortical voltage and glutamate activity, respectively, especially in the agranular retrosplenial cortex (aRSC). Additionally, the spiking activity of aRSC neurons, estimated by two-photon calcium imaging, revealed the existence of two subpopulations of excitatory neurons with opposite peri-ripple modulation patterns: one increases and the other decreases firing rate. These differences in peri-ripple spatiotemporal patterns of neocortical activity in sleep versus awake states might underlie the reported differences in the function of sleep versus awake ripples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Karimi Abadchi
- Canadian Centre for Behavioral Neuroscience, University of LethbridgeLethbridgeCanada
| | - Zahra Rezaei
- Canadian Centre for Behavioral Neuroscience, University of LethbridgeLethbridgeCanada
| | - Thomas Knöpfel
- Laboratory for Neuronal Circuit Dynamics, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon TongHong Kong
| | - Bruce L McNaughton
- Canadian Centre for Behavioral Neuroscience, University of LethbridgeLethbridgeCanada
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of CaliforniaIrvineUnited States
| | - Majid H Mohajerani
- Canadian Centre for Behavioral Neuroscience, University of LethbridgeLethbridgeCanada
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27
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Bozic I, Rusterholz T, Mikutta C, Del Rio-Bermudez C, Nissen C, Adamantidis A. Coupling between the prelimbic cortex, nucleus reuniens, and hippocampus during NREM sleep remains stable under cognitive and homeostatic demands. Eur J Neurosci 2023; 57:106-128. [PMID: 36310348 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The interplay between the medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep contributes to the consolidation of contextual memories. To assess the role of the thalamic nucleus reuniens (Nre) in this interaction, we investigated the coupling of neuro-oscillatory activities among prelimbic cortex, Nre, and hippocampus across sleep states and their role in the consolidation of contextual memories using multi-site electrophysiological recordings and optogenetic manipulations. We showed that ripples are time-locked to the Up state of cortical slow waves, the transition from UP to DOWN state in thalamic slow waves, the troughs of cortical spindles, and the peaks of thalamic spindles during spontaneous sleep, rebound sleep and sleep following a fear conditioning task. In addition, spiking activity in Nre increased before hippocampal ripples, and the phase-locking of hippocampal ripples and thalamic spindles during NREM sleep was stronger after acquisition of a fear memory. We showed that optogenetic inhibition of Nre neurons reduced phase-locking of ripples to cortical slow waves in the ventral hippocampus whilst their activation altered the preferred phase of ripples to slow waves in ventral and dorsal hippocampi. However, none of these optogenetic manipulations of Nre during sleep after acquisition of fear conditioning did alter sleep-dependent memory consolidation. Collectively, these results showed that Nre is central in modulating hippocampus and cortical rhythms during NREM sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Bozic
- Zentrum für Experimentelle Neurologie, Department of Neurology, Inselspital University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Rusterholz
- Zentrum für Experimentelle Neurologie, Department of Neurology, Inselspital University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christian Mikutta
- University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Privatklinik Meiringen, Meiringen, Switzerland.,Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Carlos Del Rio-Bermudez
- Zentrum für Experimentelle Neurologie, Department of Neurology, Inselspital University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Nissen
- University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Antoine Adamantidis
- Zentrum für Experimentelle Neurologie, Department of Neurology, Inselspital University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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28
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Mysin I, Shubina L. Hippocampal non-theta state: The "Janus face" of information processing. Front Neural Circuits 2023; 17:1134705. [PMID: 36960401 PMCID: PMC10027749 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2023.1134705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The vast majority of studies on hippocampal rhythms have been conducted on animals or humans in situations where their attention was focused on external stimuli or solving cognitive tasks. These studies formed the basis for the idea that rhythmical activity coordinates the work of neurons during information processing. However, at rest, when attention is not directed to external stimuli, brain rhythms do not disappear, although the parameters of oscillatory activity change. What is the functional load of rhythmical activity at rest? Hippocampal oscillatory activity during rest is called the non-theta state, as opposed to the theta state, a characteristic activity during active behavior. We dedicate our review to discussing the present state of the art in the research of the non-theta state. The key provisions of the review are as follows: (1) the non-theta state has its own characteristics of oscillatory and neuronal activity; (2) hippocampal non-theta state is possibly caused and maintained by change of rhythmicity of medial septal input under the influence of raphe nuclei; (3) there is no consensus in the literature about cognitive functions of the non-theta-non-ripple state; and (4) the antagonistic relationship between theta and delta rhythms observed in rodents is not always observed in humans. Most attention is paid to the non-theta-non-ripple state, since this aspect of hippocampal activity has not been investigated properly and discussed in reviews.
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29
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Chiang CC, Durand DM. Subthreshold Oscillating Waves in Neural Tissue Propagate by Volume Conduction and Generate Interference. Brain Sci 2022; 13:74. [PMID: 36672054 PMCID: PMC9856930 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13010074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Subthreshold neural oscillations have been observed in several brain regions and can influence the timing of neural spikes. However, the spatial extent and function of these spontaneous oscillations remain unclear. To study the mechanisms underlying these oscillations, we use optogenetic stimulation to generate oscillating waves in the longitudinal hippocampal slice expressing optopatch proteins. We found that optogenetic stimulation can generate two types of neural activity: suprathreshold neural spikes and subthreshold oscillating waves. Both waves could propagate bidirectionally at similar speeds and go through a transection of the tissue. The propagating speed is independent of the oscillating frequency but increases with increasing amplitudes of the waves. The endogenous electric fields generated by oscillating waves are about 0.6 mV/mm along the dendrites and about 0.3 mV/mm along the cell layer. We also observed that these oscillating waves could interfere with each other. Optical stimulation applied simultaneously at each slice end generated a larger wave in the middle of the tissue (constructive interference) or destructive interference with laser signals in opposite phase. However, the suprathreshold neural spikes were annihilated when they collided. Finally, the waves were not affected by the NMDA blocker (APV) and still propagated in the presence of tetrodotoxin (TTX) but at a significantly lower amplitude. The role of these subthreshold waves in neural function is unknown, but the results show that at low amplitude, the subthreshold propagating waves lack a refractory period allowing a novel analog form of preprocessing of neural activity by interference independent of synaptic transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dominique M. Durand
- Neural Engineering Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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30
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Mizuseki K, Miyawaki H. Fast network oscillations during non-REM sleep support memory consolidation. Neurosci Res 2022; 189:3-12. [PMID: 36581177 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2022.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The neocortex is disconnected from the outside world during sleep, which has been hypothesized to be relevant for synaptic reorganization involved in memory consolidation. Fast network oscillations, such as hippocampal sharp-wave ripples, cortical ripples, and amygdalar high-frequency oscillations, are prominent during non-REM sleep. Although these oscillations are thought to be generated by local circuit mechanisms, their occurrence rates and amplitudes are modulated by thalamocortical spindles and neocortical slow oscillations during non-REM sleep, suggesting that fast network oscillations and slower oscillations cooperatively work to facilitate memory consolidation. This review discusses the recent progress in understanding the generation, coordination, and functional roles of fast network oscillations. Further, it outlines how fast network oscillations in distinct brain regions synergistically support memory consolidation and retrieval by hosting cross-regional coactivation of memory-related neuronal ensembles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Mizuseki
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Miyawaki
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
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31
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Zhou H, Li H, Gowravaram N, Quan M, Kausar N, Gomperts SN. Disruption of hippocampal neuronal circuit function depends upon behavioral state in the APP/PS1 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21022. [PMID: 36471155 PMCID: PMC9723144 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25364-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Alzheimer's disease-associated peptide amyloid-beta (Aβ) has been associated with neuronal hyperactivity under anesthesia, but clinical trials of anticonvulsants or neural system suppressors have, so far, failed to improve symptoms in AD. Using simultaneous hippocampal calcium imaging and electrophysiology in freely moving mice expressing human Aβ, here we show that Aβ aggregates perturbed neural systems in a state-dependent fashion, driving neuronal hyperactivity in exploratory behavior and slow wave sleep (SWS), yet suppressing activity in quiet wakefulness (QW) and REM sleep. In exploratory behavior and REM sleep, Aβ impaired hippocampal theta-gamma phase-amplitude coupling and altered neuronal synchronization with theta. In SWS, Aβ reduced cortical slow oscillation (SO) power, the coordination of hippocampal sharp wave-ripples with both the SO and thalamocortical spindles, and the coordination of calcium transients with the sharp wave-ripple. Physostigmine improved Aβ-associated hyperactivity in exploratory behavior and hypoactivity in QW and expanded the range of gamma that coupled with theta phase, but exacerbated hypoactivity in exploratory behavior. Together, these findings show that the effects of Aβ alone on hippocampal circuit function are profoundly state dependent and suggest a reformulation of therapeutic strategies aimed at Aβ induced hyperexcitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhou
- MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hanyan Li
- MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Niket Gowravaram
- MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Moqin Quan
- MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Naila Kausar
- MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Stephen N Gomperts
- MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA.
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32
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Querying hippocampal replay with subcortical inputs. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2022; 77:102645. [PMID: 36335912 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2022.102645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
During sleep, the hippocampus recapitulates neuronal patterns corresponding to behavioral trajectories during previous experiences. This hippocampal replay supports the formation of long-term memories. Yet, whether replay originates within the hippocampal circuitry or is initiated by extrahippocampal inputs is unknown. Here, I review recent findings regarding the organization of neuronal activity upstream to the hippocampus, in the head-direction (HD) and grid cell networks, and its relationship to replay. I argue that hippocampal activity at the onset of replay is under the influence of signals from primary spatial areas. In turn, hippocampal replay resets the HD network activity to select a new direction for the next replay event. This reciprocal interaction between the HD network and the hippocampus may be essential in grounding meaning to hippocampal activity, specifically by training decoders of hippocampal sequences. Neuronal dynamics in thalamo-hippocampal loops may thus be instrumental for memory processes during sleep.
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33
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Pedrosa R, Nazari M, Mohajerani MH, Knöpfel T, Stella F, Battaglia FP. Hippocampal gamma and sharp wave/ripples mediate bidirectional interactions with cortical networks during sleep. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2204959119. [PMID: 36279469 PMCID: PMC9636925 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2204959119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hippocampus-neocortex interactions during sleep are critical for memory processes: Hippocampally initiated replay contributes to memory consolidation in the neocortex and hippocampal sharp wave/ripples modulate cortical activity. Yet, the spatial and temporal patterns of this interaction are unknown. With voltage imaging, electrocorticography, and laminarly resolved hippocampal potentials, we characterized cortico-hippocampal signaling during anesthesia and nonrapid eye movement sleep. We observed neocortical activation transients, with statistics suggesting a quasi-critical regime, may be helpful for communication across remote brain areas. From activity transients, we identified, in a data-driven fashion, three functional networks. A network overlapping with the default mode network and centered on retrosplenial cortex was the most associated with hippocampal activity. Hippocampal slow gamma rhythms were strongly associated to neocortical transients, even more than ripples. In fact, neocortical activity predicted hippocampal slow gamma and followed ripples, suggesting that consolidation processes rely on bidirectional signaling between hippocampus and neocortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Pedrosa
- Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mojtaba Nazari
- Canadian Centre for Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 6 3M4, Canada
| | - Majid H. Mohajerani
- Canadian Centre for Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 6 3M4, Canada
| | - Thomas Knöpfel
- Laboratory for Neuronal Circuit Dynamics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Federico Stella
- Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Francesco P. Battaglia
- Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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34
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Ngo HVV, Staresina BP. Shaping overnight consolidation via slow-oscillation closed-loop targeted memory reactivation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2123428119. [PMID: 36279449 PMCID: PMC9636934 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2123428119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep constitutes a privileged state for new memories to reactivate and consolidate. Previous work has demonstrated that consolidation can be bolstered experimentally either via delivery of reminder cues (targeted memory reactivation [TMR]) or via noninvasive brain stimulation geared toward enhancing endogenous sleep rhythms. Here, we combined both approaches, controlling the timing of TMR cues with respect to ongoing slow-oscillation (SO) phases. Prior to sleep, participants learned associations between unique words and a set of repeating images (e.g., car) while hearing a prototypical image sound (e.g., engine starting). Memory performance on an immediate test vs. a test the next morning quantified overnight memory consolidation. Importantly, two image sounds were designated as TMR cues, with one cue delivered at SO UP states and the other delivered at SO DOWN states. A novel sound was used as a TMR control condition. Behavioral results revealed a significant reduction of overnight forgetting for words associated with UP-state TMR compared with words associated with DOWN-state TMR. Electrophysiological results showed that UP-state cueing led to enhancement of the ongoing UP state and was followed by greater spindle power than DOWN-state cueing. Moreover, UP-state (and not DOWN-state) cueing led to reinstatement of target image representations. Together, these results unveil the behavioral and mechanistic effects of delivering reminder cues at specific phases of endogenous sleep rhythms and mark an important step for the endeavor to experimentally modulate memories during sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Viet V. Ngo
- Department of Psychology, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
- Centre for Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Bernhard P. Staresina
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
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35
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Mitani K, Kawabata M, Isomura Y, Sakai Y. Automated and parallelized spike collision tests to identify spike signal projections. iScience 2022; 25:105071. [PMID: 36157577 PMCID: PMC9490030 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The spike collision test is a highly reliable technique to identify the axonal projection of a neuron recorded electrophysiologically for investigating functional spike information among brain areas. It is potentially applicable to more neuronal projections by combining multi-channel recording with optogenetic stimulation. Yet, it remains inefficient and laborious because an experimenter must visually select spikes in every channel and manually repeat spike collision tests for each neuron serially. Here, we automated spike collision tests for all channels in parallel (Multi-Linc analysis) in a multi-channel real-time processing system. The rat cortical neurons identified with this technique displayed physiological spike features consistent with excitatory projection neurons. Their antidromic spikes were similar in shape but slightly larger in amplitude compared with spontaneous spikes. In addition, we demonstrated simultaneous identification of reciprocal or bifurcating projections among cortical areas. Thus, our Multi-Linc analysis will be a powerful approach to elucidate interareal spike communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Mitani
- Brain Science Institute, Tamagawa University, Machida, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori Kawabata
- Brain Science Institute, Tamagawa University, Machida, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Isomura
- Brain Science Institute, Tamagawa University, Machida, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Sakai
- Brain Science Institute, Tamagawa University, Machida, Tokyo, Japan
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36
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Shing N, Walker MC, Chang P. The Role of Aberrant Neural Oscillations in the Hippocampal-Medial Prefrontal Cortex Circuit in Neurodevelopmental and Neurological Disorders. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2022; 195:107683. [PMID: 36174886 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2022.107683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The hippocampus (HPC) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) have well-established roles in cognition, emotion, and sensory processing. In recent years, interests have shifted towards developing a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying interactions between the HPC and mPFC in achieving these functions. Considerable research supports the idea that synchronized activity between the HPC and the mPFC is a general mechanism by which brain functions are regulated. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the hippocampal-medial prefrontal cortex (HPC-mPFC) circuit in normal brain function with a focus on oscillations and highlight several neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders associated with aberrant HPC-mPFC circuitry. We further discuss oscillatory dynamics across the HPC-mPFC circuit as potentially useful biomarkers to assess interventions for neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders. Finally, advancements in brain stimulation, gene therapy and pharmacotherapy are explored as promising therapies for disorders with aberrant HPC-mPFC circuit dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathanael Shing
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK; Department of Medicine, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, PR17BH, UK
| | - Matthew C Walker
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Pishan Chang
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT.
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37
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Roebber JK, Lewis PA, Crunelli V, Navarrete M, Hamandi K. Effects of Anti-Seizure Medication on Sleep Spindles and Slow Waves in Drug-Resistant Epilepsy. Brain Sci 2022; 12:1288. [PMID: 36291222 PMCID: PMC9599317 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12101288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a close bidirectional relationship between sleep and epilepsy. Anti-seizure medications (ASM) act to reduce seizure frequency but can also impact sleep; this remains a relatively unexplored field given the importance of sleep on seizure occurrence, memory consolidation, and quality of life. We compared the effect of poly-ASM treatment on a night of sleep compared to an unmedicated night in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy, where ASMs were withdrawn and later restored as part of their pre-surgical evaluation. Within-subject analysis between medicated and unmedicated nights showed ASMs increased spindle (11-16 Hz) power and decreased slow wave (0.1-2 Hz) amplitude. Spindles became less strongly coupled to slow waves in the ASM night compared to no-ASM night, with effects to both the phase and strength of coupling and correlated with slow wave reduction. These effects were not seen in age-matched controls from the same unit where ASMs were not changed between two nights. Overall, we found that ASM polytherapy not only changed specific sleep waveforms, but also the fine interplay of spindle/slow wave coupling. Since these sleep oscillations impact both seizure occurrence and memory consolidation, our findings provide evidence towards a decoupling impact of ASMs on sleep that should be considered in future studies of sleep and memory disruption in people with epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer K. Roebber
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Maindy Rd., Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
- The Welsh Epilepsy Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Penelope A. Lewis
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Maindy Rd., Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Vincenzo Crunelli
- Neuroscience Division, School of Bioscience, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Miguel Navarrete
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Maindy Rd., Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Khalid Hamandi
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Maindy Rd., Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
- The Welsh Epilepsy Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
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38
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Katsuki F, Gerashchenko D, Brown RE. Alterations of sleep oscillations in Alzheimer's disease: A potential role for GABAergic neurons in the cortex, hippocampus, and thalamus. Brain Res Bull 2022; 187:181-198. [PMID: 35850189 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sleep abnormalities are widely reported in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and are linked to cognitive impairments. Sleep abnormalities could be potential biomarkers to detect AD since they are often observed at the preclinical stage. Moreover, sleep could be a target for early intervention to prevent or slow AD progression. Thus, here we review changes in brain oscillations observed during sleep, their connection to AD pathophysiology and the role of specific brain circuits. Slow oscillations (0.1-1 Hz), sleep spindles (8-15 Hz) and their coupling during non-REM sleep are consistently reduced in studies of patients and in AD mouse models although the timing and magnitude of these alterations depends on the pathophysiological changes and the animal model studied. Changes in delta (1-4 Hz) activity are more variable. Animal studies suggest that hippocampal sharp-wave ripples (100-250 Hz) are also affected. Reductions in REM sleep amount and slower oscillations during REM are seen in patients but less consistently in animal models. Thus, changes in a variety of sleep oscillations could impact sleep-dependent memory consolidation or restorative functions of sleep. Recent mechanistic studies suggest that alterations in the activity of GABAergic neurons in the cortex, hippocampus and thalamic reticular nucleus mediate sleep oscillatory changes in AD and represent a potential target for intervention. Longitudinal studies of the timing of AD-related sleep abnormalities with respect to pathology and dysfunction of specific neural networks are needed to identify translationally relevant biomarkers and guide early intervention strategies to prevent or delay AD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumi Katsuki
- VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, Dept. of Psychiatry, West Roxbury, MA 02132, USA.
| | - Dmitry Gerashchenko
- VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, Dept. of Psychiatry, West Roxbury, MA 02132, USA
| | - Ritchie E Brown
- VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, Dept. of Psychiatry, West Roxbury, MA 02132, USA
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39
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Kajikawa K, Hulse BK, Siapas AG, Lubenov EV. UP-DOWN states and ripples differentially modulate membrane potential dynamics across DG, CA3, and CA1 in awake mice. eLife 2022; 11:69596. [PMID: 35819409 PMCID: PMC9275824 DOI: 10.7554/elife.69596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hippocampal ripples are transient population bursts that structure cortico-hippocampal communication and play a central role in memory processing. However, the mechanisms controlling ripple initiation in behaving animals remain poorly understood. Here we combine multisite extracellular and whole-cell recordings in awake mice to contrast the brain state and ripple modulation of subthreshold dynamics across hippocampal subfields. We find that entorhinal input to the dentate gyrus (DG) exhibits UP and DOWN dynamics with ripples occurring exclusively in UP states. While elevated cortical input in UP states generates depolarization in DG and CA1, it produces persistent hyperpolarization in CA3 neurons. Furthermore, growing inhibition is evident in CA3 throughout the course of the ripple buildup, while DG and CA1 neurons exhibit depolarization transients 100 ms before and during ripples. These observations highlight the importance of CA3 inhibition for ripple generation, while pre-ripple responses indicate a long and orchestrated ripple initiation process in the awake state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Kajikawa
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, Computation and Neural Systems Program, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States
| | - Brad K Hulse
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, Computation and Neural Systems Program, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States
| | - Athanassios G Siapas
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, Computation and Neural Systems Program, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States
| | - Evgueniy V Lubenov
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, Computation and Neural Systems Program, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States
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40
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Nitzan N, Swanson R, Schmitz D, Buzsáki G. Brain-wide interactions during hippocampal sharp wave ripples. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2200931119. [PMID: 35561219 PMCID: PMC9171920 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2200931119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
During periods of disengagement from the environment, transient population bursts, known as sharp wave ripples (SPW-Rs), occur sporadically. While numerous experiments have characterized the bidirectional relationship between SPW-Rs and activity in chosen brain areas, the topographic relationship between different segments of the hippocampus and brain-wide target areas has not been studied at high temporal and spatial resolution. Yet, such knowledge is necessary to infer the direction of communication. We analyzed two publicly available datasets with simultaneous high-density silicon probe recordings from across the mouse forebrain. We found that SPW-Rs coincide with a transient brain-wide increase in functional connectivity. In addition, we show that the diversity in SPW-R features, such as their incidence, magnitude, and intrahippocampal topography in the septotemporal axis, are correlated with slower excitability fluctuations in cortical and subcortical areas. Further, variations in SPW-R features correlated with the timing, sign, and magnitude of downstream responses with large-amplitude SPW-Rs followed by transient silence in extrahippocampal structures. Our findings expand on previous results and demonstrate that the activity patterns in extrahippocampal structures depend both on the intrahippocampal topographic origin and magnitude of hippocampal SPW-Rs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noam Nitzan
- Neuroscience Institute, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY 10016
| | - Rachel Swanson
- Neuroscience Institute, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY 10016
| | - Dietmar Schmitz
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - György Buzsáki
- Neuroscience Institute, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY 10016
- Department of Neurology, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY 10016
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41
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Hauer BE, Pagliardini S, Dickson CT. Tonic excitation of nucleus reuniens decreases prefrontal-hippocampal coordination during slow-wave states. Hippocampus 2022; 32:466-477. [PMID: 35522233 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The nucleus reuniens of the thalamus (RE) is an important node between the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the hippocampus (HPC). Previously, we have shown that its mode of activity and its influence in mPFC-HPC communication is dependent upon brain state. During slow-wave states, RE units are closely and rhythmically coupled to the ongoing mPFC-slow oscillation (SO), while during activated (theta) states, RE neurons fire in an arrhythmic and tonically active manner. Inactivating the RE selectively impoverishes coordination of the SO between mPFC and HPC and interestingly, both mPFC and RE stimulation during the SO cause larger responses in the HPC than during theta. It is unclear if the activity patterns within the RE across states may play a role in both phenomena. Here, we optogenetically excited RE neurons in a tonic fashion to assess the impact on mPFC-HPC coupling. This stimulation decreased the influence of mPFC stimulation in the HPC during SO states, in a manner similar to what is observed across state changes into theta. Importantly, this type of stimulation had no effect on evoked responses during theta. Perhaps more interestingly, tonic optogenetic excitation of the RE also decreased mPFC-HPC SO coherence. Thus, it may not be the integrity of the RE per se that is responsible for efficient communication between mPFC and HPC, but rather the particular state in which RE neurons find themselves. Our results have direct implications for how distant brain regions can communicate most effectively, an issue that is ultimately important for activity-dependent processes occurring during slow-wave sleep-dependent memory consolidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon E Hauer
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Silvia Pagliardini
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Clayton T Dickson
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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42
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Tukker JJ, Beed P, Brecht M, Kempter R, Moser EI, Schmitz D. Microcircuits for spatial coding in the medial entorhinal cortex. Physiol Rev 2022; 102:653-688. [PMID: 34254836 PMCID: PMC8759973 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00042.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The hippocampal formation is critically involved in learning and memory and contains a large proportion of neurons encoding aspects of the organism's spatial surroundings. In the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC), this includes grid cells with their distinctive hexagonal firing fields as well as a host of other functionally defined cell types including head direction cells, speed cells, border cells, and object-vector cells. Such spatial coding emerges from the processing of external inputs by local microcircuits. However, it remains unclear exactly how local microcircuits and their dynamics within the MEC contribute to spatial discharge patterns. In this review we focus on recent investigations of intrinsic MEC connectivity, which have started to describe and quantify both excitatory and inhibitory wiring in the superficial layers of the MEC. Although the picture is far from complete, it appears that these layers contain robust recurrent connectivity that could sustain the attractor dynamics posited to underlie grid pattern formation. These findings pave the way to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying spatial navigation and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Tukker
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Prateep Beed
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humbold-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Brecht
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Neurocure Cluster of Excellence, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Richard Kempter
- Institute for Theoretical Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Edvard I Moser
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Dietmar Schmitz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humbold-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Neurocure Cluster of Excellence, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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43
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Miyawaki H, Mizuseki K. De novo inter-regional coactivations of preconfigured local ensembles support memory. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1272. [PMID: 35277492 PMCID: PMC8917150 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28929-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal ensembles in the amygdala, ventral hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex are involved in fear memory; however, how inter-regional ensemble interactions support memory remains elusive. Using multi-regional large-scale electrophysiology in the aforementioned structures of fear-conditioned rats, we found that the local ensembles activated during fear memory acquisition are inter-regionally coactivated during the subsequent sleep period, which relied on brief bouts of fast network oscillations. During memory retrieval, the coactivations reappeared, together with fast oscillations. Coactivation-participating-ensembles were configured prior to memory acquisition in the amygdala and prefrontal cortex but developed through experience in the hippocampus. Our findings suggest that elements of a given memory are instantly encoded within various brain regions in a preconfigured manner, whereas hippocampal ensembles and the network for inter-regional integration of the distributed information develop in an experience-dependent manner to form a new memory, which is consistent with the hippocampal memory index hypothesis. The authors show that fear-memory-related cell-ensembles in the amygdala, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex are inter-regionally co-activated in post-learning sleep. The co-activations are hosted by fast network oscillations and re-appear during recall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Miyawaki
- Department of Physiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Asahimachi 1-4-3, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan.
| | - Kenji Mizuseki
- Department of Physiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Asahimachi 1-4-3, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan.
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44
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Zutshi I, Valero M, Fernández-Ruiz A, Buzsáki G. Extrinsic control and intrinsic computation in the hippocampal CA1 circuit. Neuron 2022; 110:658-673.e5. [PMID: 34890566 PMCID: PMC8857017 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In understanding circuit operations, a key problem is the extent to which neuronal spiking reflects local computation or responses to upstream inputs. We addressed this issue in the hippocampus by performing combined optogenetic and pharmacogenetic local and upstream inactivation. Silencing the medial entorhinal cortex (mEC) largely abolished extracellular theta and gamma currents in CA1 while only moderately affecting firing rates. In contrast, CA3 and local CA1 silencing strongly decreased firing of CA1 neurons without affecting theta currents. Each perturbation reconfigured the CA1 spatial map. However, the ability of the CA1 circuit to support place field activity persisted, maintaining the same fraction of spatially tuned place fields and reliable assembly expression as in the intact mouse. Thus, the CA1 network can induce and maintain coordinated cell assemblies with minimal reliance on its inputs, but these inputs can effectively reconfigure and assist in maintaining stability of the CA1 map.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ipshita Zutshi
- New York University Neuroscience Institute, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Manuel Valero
- New York University Neuroscience Institute, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Antonio Fernández-Ruiz
- New York University Neuroscience Institute, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - György Buzsáki
- New York University Neuroscience Institute, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA; Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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45
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Karalis N, Sirota A. Breathing coordinates cortico-hippocampal dynamics in mice during offline states. Nat Commun 2022; 13:467. [PMID: 35075139 PMCID: PMC8786964 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28090-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Network dynamics have been proposed as a mechanistic substrate for the information transfer across cortical and hippocampal circuits. However, little is known about the mechanisms that synchronize and coordinate these processes across widespread brain regions during offline states. Here we address the hypothesis that breathing acts as an oscillatory pacemaker, persistently coupling distributed brain circuit dynamics. Using large-scale recordings from a number of cortical and subcortical brain regions in behaving mice, we uncover the presence of an intracerebral respiratory corollary discharge, that modulates neural activity across these circuits. During offline states, the respiratory modulation underlies the coupling of hippocampal sharp-wave ripples and cortical DOWN/UP state transitions, which mediates systems memory consolidation. These results highlight breathing, a perennial brain rhythm, as an oscillatory scaffold for the functional coordination of the limbic circuit that supports the segregation and integration of information flow across neuronal networks during offline states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Karalis
- Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, 4058, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Anton Sirota
- Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.
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46
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Avvenuti G, Bernardi G. Local sleep: A new concept in brain plasticity. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2022; 184:35-52. [PMID: 35034748 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-819410-2.00003-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Traditionally, sleep and wakefulness have been considered as two global, mutually exclusive states. However, this view has been challenged by the discovery that sleep and wakefulness are actually locally regulated and that islands of these two states may often coexist in the same individual. Importantly, such a local regulation seems to be the key for many essential functions of sleep, including the maintenance of cognitive efficiency and the consolidation of new skills and memories. Indeed, local changes in sleep-related oscillations occur in brain areas that are used and involved in learning during wakefulness. In turn, these changes directly modulate experience-dependent brain adaptations and the consolidation of newly acquired memories. In line with these observations, alterations in the regional balance between wake- and sleep-like activity have been shown to accompany many pathologic conditions, including psychiatric and neurologic disorders. In the last decade, experimental research has started to shed light on the mechanisms involved in the local regulation of sleep and wakefulness. The results of this research have opened new avenues of investigation regarding the function of sleep and have revealed novel potential targets for the treatment of several pathologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Avvenuti
- MoMiLab Research Unit, IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca, Lucca, Italy
| | - Giulio Bernardi
- MoMiLab Research Unit, IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca, Lucca, Italy.
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47
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Ross TW, Easton A. The Hippocampal Horizon: Constructing and Segmenting Experience for Episodic Memory. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 132:181-196. [PMID: 34826509 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
How do we recollect specific events that have occurred during continuous ongoing experience? There is converging evidence from non-human animals that spatially modulated cellular activity of the hippocampal formation supports the construction of ongoing events. On the other hand, recent human oriented event cognition models have outlined that our experience is segmented into discrete units, and that such segmentation can operate on shorter or longer timescales. Here, we describe a unification of how these dynamic physiological mechanisms of the hippocampus relate to ongoing externally and internally driven event segmentation, facilitating the demarcation of specific moments during experience. Our cross-species interdisciplinary approach offers a novel perspective in the way we construct and remember specific events, leading to the generation of many new hypotheses for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- T W Ross
- Department of Psychology, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom; Centre for Learning and Memory Processes, Durham University, United Kingdom.
| | - A Easton
- Department of Psychology, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom; Centre for Learning and Memory Processes, Durham University, United Kingdom
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48
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Gerlei KZ, Brown CM, Sürmeli G, Nolan MF. Deep entorhinal cortex: from circuit organization to spatial cognition and memory. Trends Neurosci 2021; 44:876-887. [PMID: 34593254 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The deep layers of the entorhinal cortex are important for spatial cognition, as well as memory storage, consolidation and retrieval. A long-standing hypothesis is that deep-layer neurons relay spatial and memory-related signals between the hippocampus and telencephalon. We review the implications of recent circuit-level analyses that suggest more complex roles. The organization of deep entorhinal layers is consistent with multi-stage processing by specialized cell populations; in this framework, hippocampal, neocortical, and subcortical inputs are integrated to generate representations for use by targets in the telencephalon and for feedback to the superficial entorhinal cortex and hippocampus. Addressing individual sublayers of the deep entorhinal cortex in future experiments and models will be important for establishing systems-level mechanisms for spatial cognition and episodic memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klára Z Gerlei
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Christina M Brown
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Gülşen Sürmeli
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK; Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Matthew F Nolan
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK; Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK.
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49
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Zheng A, Montez DF, Marek S, Gilmore AW, Newbold DJ, Laumann TO, Kay BP, Seider NA, Van AN, Hampton JM, Alexopoulos D, Schlaggar BL, Sylvester CM, Greene DJ, Shimony JS, Nelson SM, Wig GS, Gratton C, McDermott KB, Raichle ME, Gordon EM, Dosenbach NUF. Parallel hippocampal-parietal circuits for self- and goal-oriented processing. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2101743118. [PMID: 34404728 PMCID: PMC8403906 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2101743118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus is critically important for a diverse range of cognitive processes, such as episodic memory, prospective memory, affective processing, and spatial navigation. Using individual-specific precision functional mapping of resting-state functional MRI data, we found the anterior hippocampus (head and body) to be preferentially functionally connected to the default mode network (DMN), as expected. The hippocampal tail, however, was strongly preferentially functionally connected to the parietal memory network (PMN), which supports goal-oriented cognition and stimulus recognition. This anterior-posterior dichotomy of resting-state functional connectivity was well-matched by differences in task deactivations and anatomical segmentations of the hippocampus. Task deactivations were localized to the hippocampal head and body (DMN), relatively sparing the tail (PMN). The functional dichotomization of the hippocampus into anterior DMN-connected and posterior PMN-connected parcels suggests parallel but distinct circuits between the hippocampus and medial parietal cortex for self- versus goal-oriented processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110;
| | - David F Montez
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Scott Marek
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Adrian W Gilmore
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130
| | - Dillan J Newbold
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Timothy O Laumann
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Benjamin P Kay
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Nicole A Seider
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Andrew N Van
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Jacqueline M Hampton
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Dimitrios Alexopoulos
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Bradley L Schlaggar
- Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Chad M Sylvester
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093
| | - Joshua S Shimony
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Steven M Nelson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414
| | - Gagan S Wig
- Center for Vital Longevity, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75235
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Caterina Gratton
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Kathleen B McDermott
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Marcus E Raichle
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Evan M Gordon
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Nico U F Dosenbach
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110;
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
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50
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Byron N, Semenova A, Sakata S. Mutual Interactions between Brain States and Alzheimer's Disease Pathology: A Focus on Gamma and Slow Oscillations. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:707. [PMID: 34439940 PMCID: PMC8389330 DOI: 10.3390/biology10080707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Brain state varies from moment to moment. While brain state can be defined by ongoing neuronal population activity, such as neuronal oscillations, this is tightly coupled with certain behavioural or vigilant states. In recent decades, abnormalities in brain state have been recognised as biomarkers of various brain diseases and disorders. Intriguingly, accumulating evidence also demonstrates mutual interactions between brain states and disease pathologies: while abnormalities in brain state arise during disease progression, manipulations of brain state can modify disease pathology, suggesting a therapeutic potential. In this review, by focusing on Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, we provide an overview of how brain states change in AD patients and mouse models, and how controlling brain states can modify AD pathology. Specifically, we summarise the relationship between AD and changes in gamma and slow oscillations. As pathological changes in these oscillations correlate with AD pathology, manipulations of either gamma or slow oscillations can modify AD pathology in mouse models. We argue that neuromodulation approaches to target brain states are a promising non-pharmacological intervention for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Byron
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Anna Semenova
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Shuzo Sakata
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
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