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Zhang D, Turecek J, Choi S, Delisle M, Pamplona CL, Meltzer S, Ginty DD. C-LTMRs mediate wet dog shakes via the spinoparabrachial pathway. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.10.597395. [PMID: 38915692 PMCID: PMC11195135 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.10.597395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Mammals perform rapid oscillations of their body- "wet dog shakes" -to remove water and irritants from their back hairy skin. The somatosensory mechanisms underlying this stereotypical behavior are unknown. We report that Piezo2-dependent mechanosensation mediates wet dog shakes evoked by water or oil droplets applied to hairy skin of mice. Unmyelinated low-threshold mechanoreceptors (C-LTMRs) were strongly activated by oil droplets and their optogenetic activation elicited wet dog shakes. Ablation of C-LTMRs attenuated this behavior. Moreover, C-LTMRs synaptically couple to spinoparabrachial (SPB) neurons, and optogenetically inhibiting SPB neuron synapses and excitatory neurons in the parabrachial nucleus impaired both oil droplet- and C-LTMR-evoked wet dog shakes. Thus, a C-LTMR- spinoparabrachial pathway mediates wet dog shakes for rapid and effective removal of foreign particles from back hairy skin.
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Zhang L, Nagel M, Olson WP, Chesler AT, O'Connor DH. Trigeminal innervation and tactile responses in mouse tongue. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.08.17.553449. [PMID: 37645855 PMCID: PMC10462066 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.17.553449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian tongue is richly innervated with somatosensory, gustatory and motor fibers. These form the basis of many ethologically important functions such as eating, speaking and social grooming. Despite its high tactile acuity and sensitivity, the neural basis of tongue mechanosensation remains largely mysterious. Here we explored the organization of mechanosensory afferents in the tongue and found that each lingual papilla is innervated by Piezo2 + trigeminal neurons. Notably, each fungiform papilla contained highly specialized ring-like sensory neuron terminations that asymmetrically circumscribe the taste buds. Myelinated lingual afferents in the mouse lingual papillae did not form corpuscular sensory end organs but rather had only free nerve endings. In vivo single-unit recordings from the trigeminal ganglion revealed lingual low-threshold mechanoreceptors (LTMRs) with conduction velocities in the Aδ range or above and distinct adaptation properties ranging from intermediately adapting (IA) to rapidly adapting (RA). IA units were sensitive to both static indentation and stroking, while RA units had a preference for tangential forces applied by stroking. Lingual LTMRs were not directly responsive to rapid cooling or chemicals that can induce astringent or numbing sensations. Sparse labeling of lingual afferents in the tongue revealed distinct terminal morphologies and innervation patterns in fungiform and filiform papillae. Together, our results indicate that fungiform papillae are mechanosensory structures, while suggesting a simple model that links the functional and anatomical properties of tactile sensory neurons in the tongue.
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Ronan EA, Gandhi AR, Constantinescu BSC, Uchima Koecklin KH, Guenther ME, Nagel M, Blumberg KJ, Stern T, Li P, Emrick JJ. Intradental mechano-nociceptors serve as sentinels that prevent tooth damage. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.11.593684. [PMID: 38765985 PMCID: PMC11100775 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.11.593684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Pain is the anticipated output of the trigeminal sensory neurons that innervate the tooth's vital interior 1,2 ; however, the contribution of intradental neurons to healthy tooth sensation has yet to be defined. Here, we employ in vivo Ca 2+ imaging to identify and define a population of myelinated high-threshold mechanoreceptors (intradental HTMRs) that detect superficial structural damage of the tooth and initiate jaw opening to protect teeth from damage. Intradental HTMRs remain inactive when direct forces are applied to the intact tooth but become responsive to forces when the structural integrity of the tooth is compromised, and the dentin or pulp is exposed. Their terminals collectively innervate the inner dentin through overlapping receptive fields, allowing them to monitor the superficial structures of the tooth. Indeed, intradental HTMRs detect superficial enamel damage and encode its degree, and their responses persist in the absence of either PIEZO2 or Na v 1.8 3,4 . Optogenetic activation of intradental HTMRs triggers a rapid, jaw opening reflex via contraction of the digastric muscle. Taken together, our data indicate that intradental HTMRs serve as sentinels that guard against mechanical threats to the tooth, and their activation results in physical tooth separation to minimize irreversible structural damage. Our work provides a new perspective on the role of intradental neurons as protective rather than exclusively pain-inducing and illustrates additional diversity in the functions of interoreceptors.
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Perry SK, Emrick JJ. Trigeminal somatosensation in the temporomandibular joint and associated disorders. FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH 2024; 5:1374929. [PMID: 38784786 PMCID: PMC11111860 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2024.1374929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) consists of bone, cartilage, ligaments, and associated masticatory muscles and tendons that coordinate to enable mastication in mammals. The TMJ is innervated by the trigeminal nerve (CNV), containing axons of motor and somatosensory neurons. Somatosensation includes touch, temperature, proprioception, and pain that enables mammals to recognize and react to stimuli for survival. The somatosensory innervation of the TMJ remains poorly defined. Disorders of the TMJ (TMD) are of diverse etiology and presentation. Some known symptoms associated with TMD include facial, shoulder, or neck pain, jaw popping or clicking, headaches, toothaches, and tinnitus. Acute or chronic pain in TMD stems from the activation of somatosensory nociceptors. Treatment of TMD may involve over- the-counter and prescription medication, nonsurgical treatments, and surgical treatments. In many cases, treatment achieves only a temporary relief of symptoms including pain. We suggest that defining the sensory innervation of the temporomandibular joint and its associated tissues with a specific focus on the contribution of peripheral innervation to the development of chronic pain could provide insights into the origins of joint pain and facilitate the development of improved analgesics and treatments for TMD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joshua J. Emrick
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Yang L, Liu F, Hahm H, Okuda T, Li X, Zhang Y, Kalyanaraman V, Heitmeier MR, Samineni VK. Projection-TAGs enable multiplex projection tracing and multi-modal profiling of projection neurons. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.24.590975. [PMID: 38712231 PMCID: PMC11071495 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.24.590975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Single-cell multiomic techniques have sparked immense interest in developing a comprehensive multi-modal map of diverse neuronal cell types and their brain wide projections. However, investigating the spatial organization, transcriptional and epigenetic landscapes of brain wide projection neurons is hampered by the lack of efficient and easily adoptable tools. Here we introduce Projection-TAGs, a retrograde AAV platform that allows multiplex tagging of projection neurons using RNA barcodes. By using Projection-TAGs, we performed multiplex projection tracing of the mouse cortex and high-throughput single-cell profiling of the transcriptional and epigenetic landscapes of the cortical projection neurons. Projection-TAGs can be leveraged to obtain a snapshot of activity-dependent recruitment of distinct projection neurons and their molecular features in the context of a specific stimulus. Given its flexibility, usability, and compatibility, we envision that Projection-TAGs can be readily applied to build a comprehensive multi-modal map of brain neuronal cell types and their projections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lite Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University Pain Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Division of Biology & Biomedical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University Pain Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Hannah Hahm
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University Pain Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Takao Okuda
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University Pain Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Xiaoyue Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University Pain Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Yufen Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University Pain Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Vani Kalyanaraman
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University Pain Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Monique R. Heitmeier
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University Pain Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Vijay K. Samineni
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University Pain Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
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Singh A, Dhau J, Kumar R, Badru R, Kaushik A. Exploring the fluorescence properties of tellurium-containing molecules and their advanced applications. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:9816-9847. [PMID: 38497121 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05740b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
This review article explores the fascinating realm of fluorescence using organochalcogen molecules, with a particular emphasis on tellurium (Te). The discussion encompasses the underlying mechanisms, structural motifs influencing fluorescence, and the applications of these intriguing phenomena. This review not only elucidates the current state of knowledge but also identifies avenues for future research, thereby serving as a valuable resource for researchers and enthusiasts in the field of fluorescence chemistry with a focus on Te-based molecules. By highlighting challenges and prospects, this review sparks a conversation on the transformative potential of Te-containing compounds across different fields, ranging from environmental solutions to healthcare and materials science applications. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the distinct fluorescence behaviors exhibited by Te-containing compounds, contributing valuable insights to the evolving landscape of chalcogen-based fluorescence research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avtar Singh
- Research and Development, Molekule Group Inc., 3802 Spectrum Blvd., Tampa, Florida 33612, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Guru Teg Bahadur Khalsa College, Anandpur Sahib, Punjab 140118, India
| | - Jaspreet Dhau
- Research and Development, Molekule Group Inc., 3802 Spectrum Blvd., Tampa, Florida 33612, USA.
| | - Rajeev Kumar
- Department of Environment Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Rahul Badru
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab 140406, India
| | - Ajeet Kaushik
- NanoBioTech Laboratory, Department of Environmental Engineering, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, FL 33805, USA
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
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7
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Qi L, Iskols M, Shi D, Reddy P, Walker C, Lezgiyeva K, Voisin T, Pawlak M, Kuchroo VK, Chiu IM, Ginty DD, Sharma N. A mouse DRG genetic toolkit reveals morphological and physiological diversity of somatosensory neuron subtypes. Cell 2024; 187:1508-1526.e16. [PMID: 38442711 PMCID: PMC10947841 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Dorsal root ganglia (DRG) somatosensory neurons detect mechanical, thermal, and chemical stimuli acting on the body. Achieving a holistic view of how different DRG neuron subtypes relay neural signals from the periphery to the CNS has been challenging with existing tools. Here, we develop and curate a mouse genetic toolkit that allows for interrogating the properties and functions of distinct cutaneous targeting DRG neuron subtypes. These tools have enabled a broad morphological analysis, which revealed distinct cutaneous axon arborization areas and branching patterns of the transcriptionally distinct DRG neuron subtypes. Moreover, in vivo physiological analysis revealed that each subtype has a distinct threshold and range of responses to mechanical and/or thermal stimuli. These findings support a model in which morphologically and physiologically distinct cutaneous DRG sensory neuron subtypes tile mechanical and thermal stimulus space to collectively encode a wide range of natural stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Qi
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael Iskols
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David Shi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Pranav Reddy
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Christopher Walker
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Karina Lezgiyeva
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Tiphaine Voisin
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mathias Pawlak
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Vijay K Kuchroo
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Isaac M Chiu
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David D Ginty
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Nikhil Sharma
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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8
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Hamed YMF, Ghosh B, Marshall KL. PIEZO ion channels: force sensors of the interoceptive nervous system. J Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38456626 DOI: 10.1113/jp284077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Many organs are designed to move: the heart pumps each second, the gastrointestinal tract squeezes and churns to digest food, and we contract and relax skeletal muscles to move our bodies. Sensory neurons of the peripheral nervous system detect signals from bodily tissues, including the forces generated by these movements, to control physiology. The processing of these internal signals is called interoception, but this is a broad term that includes a wide variety of both chemical and mechanical sensory processes. Mechanical senses are understudied, but rapid progress has been made in the last decade, thanks in part to the discovery of the mechanosensory PIEZO ion channels (Coste et al., 2010). The role of these mechanosensors within the interoceptive nervous system is the focus of this review. In defining the transduction molecules that govern mechanical interoception, we will have a better grasp of how these signals drive physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmeen M F Hamed
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Britya Ghosh
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kara L Marshall
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Lead contact
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9
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Gedeon JY, Pineda-Farias JB, Gold MS. In-Vivo Calcium Imaging of Sensory Neurons in the Rat Trigeminal Ganglion. J Vis Exp 2024:10.3791/65978. [PMID: 38407223 PMCID: PMC11139451 DOI: 10.3791/65978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Genetically encoded calcium indicators (GECIs) enable imaging techniques to monitor changes in intracellular calcium in targeted cell populations. Their large signal-to-noise ratio makes GECIs a powerful tool for detecting stimulus-evoked activity in sensory neurons. GECIs facilitate population-level analysis of stimulus encoding with the number of neurons that can be studied simultaneously. This population encoding is most appropriately done in vivo. Dorsal root ganglia (DRG), which house the soma of sensory neurons innervating somatic and visceral structures below the neck, are used most extensively for in vivo imaging because these structures are accessed relatively easily. More recently, this technique was used in mice to study sensory neurons in the trigeminal ganglion (TG) that innervate oral and craniofacial structures. There are many reasons to study TG in addition to DRG, including the long list of pain syndromes specific to oral and craniofacial structures that appear to reflect changes in sensory neuron activity, such as trigeminal neuralgia. Mice are used most extensively in the study of DRG and TG neurons because of the availability of genetic tools. However, with differences in size, ease of handling, and potentially important species differences, there are reasons to study rat rather than mouse TG neurons. Thus, we developed an approach for imaging rat TG neurons in vivo. We injected neonatal pups (p2) intraperitoneally with an AAV encoding GCaMP6s, resulting in >90% infection of both TG and DRG neurons. TG was visualized in the adult following craniotomy and decortication, and changes in GCaMP6s fluorescence were monitored in TG neurons following stimulation of mandibular and maxillary regions of the face. We confirmed that increases in fluorescence were stimulus-evoked with peripheral nerve block. While this approach has many potential uses, we are using it to characterize the subpopulation(s) of TG neurons changed following peripheral nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Y Gedeon
- Center for Neuroscience at the University of Pittsburgh; Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, University of Pittsburgh
| | - Jorge Baruch Pineda-Farias
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, University of Pittsburgh
| | - Michael S Gold
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, University of Pittsburgh;
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10
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Blaeser AS, Zhao J, Sugden AU, Carneiro-Nascimento S, Andermann ML, Levy D. Sensitization of meningeal afferents to locomotion-related meningeal deformations in a migraine model. eLife 2024; 12:RP91871. [PMID: 38329894 PMCID: PMC10942541 DOI: 10.7554/elife.91871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Migraine headache is hypothesized to involve the activation and sensitization of trigeminal sensory afferents that innervate the cranial meninges. To better understand migraine pathophysiology and improve clinical translation, we used two-photon calcium imaging via a closed cranial window in awake mice to investigate changes in the responses of meningeal afferent fibers using a preclinical model of migraine involving cortical spreading depolarization (CSD). A single CSD episode caused a seconds-long wave of calcium activation that propagated across afferents and along the length of individual afferents. Surprisingly, unlike previous studies in anesthetized animals with exposed meninges, only a very small afferent population was persistently activated in our awake mouse preparation, questioning the relevance of this neuronal response to the onset of migraine pain. In contrast, we identified a larger subset of meningeal afferents that developed augmented responses to acute three-dimensional meningeal deformations that occur in response to locomotion bouts. We observed increased responsiveness in a subset of afferents that were already somewhat sensitive to meningeal deformation before CSD. Furthermore, another subset of previously insensitive afferents also became sensitive to meningeal deformation following CSD. Our data provides new insights into the mechanisms underlying migraine, including the emergence of enhanced meningeal afferent responses to movement-related meningeal deformations as a potential neural substrate underlying the worsening of migraine headache during physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Blaeser
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Arthur U Sugden
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Simone Carneiro-Nascimento
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Mark L Andermann
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Dan Levy
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
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11
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Ojeda-Alonso J, Calvo-Enrique L, Paricio-Montesinos R, Kumar R, Zhang MD, Poulet JFA, Ernfors P, Lewin GR. Sensory Schwann cells set perceptual thresholds for touch and selectively regulate mechanical nociception. Nat Commun 2024; 15:898. [PMID: 38320986 PMCID: PMC10847425 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44845-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous work identified nociceptive Schwann cells that can initiate pain. Consistent with the existence of inherently mechanosensitive sensory Schwann cells, we found that in mice, the mechanosensory function of almost all nociceptors, including those signaling fast pain, were dependent on sensory Schwann cells. In polymodal nociceptors, sensory Schwann cells signal mechanical, but not cold or heat pain. Terminal Schwann cells also surround mechanoreceptor nerve-endings within the Meissner's corpuscle and in hair follicle lanceolate endings that both signal vibrotactile touch. Within Meissner´s corpuscles, two molecularly and functionally distinct sensory Schwann cells positive for Sox10 and Sox2 differentially modulate rapidly adapting mechanoreceptor function. Using optogenetics we show that Meissner's corpuscle Schwann cells are necessary for the perception of low threshold vibrotactile stimuli. These results show that sensory Schwann cells within diverse glio-neural mechanosensory end-organs are sensors for mechanical pain as well as necessary for touch perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Ojeda-Alonso
- Molecular Physiology of Somatic Sensation, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura Calvo-Enrique
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Patología, Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ricardo Paricio-Montesinos
- Neural Circuits and Behavior, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125, Berlin, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e. V. (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1/99, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Pain Center, Department of Anesthesiology Washington University School of Medicine, CB 8108, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Ming-Dong Zhang
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - James F A Poulet
- Neural Circuits and Behavior, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrik Ernfors
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Gary R Lewin
- Molecular Physiology of Somatic Sensation, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125, Berlin, Germany.
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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12
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Simon RC, Fleming WT, Senthilkumar P, Briones BA, Ishii KK, Hjort MM, Martin MM, Hashikawa K, Sanders AD, Golden SA, Stuber GD. Opioid-driven disruption of the septal complex reveals a role for neurotensin-expressing neurons in withdrawal. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.15.575766. [PMID: 38293241 PMCID: PMC10827099 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.15.575766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Because opioid withdrawal is an intensely aversive experience, persons with opioid use disorder (OUD) often relapse to avoid it. The lateral septum (LS) is a forebrain structure that is important in aversion processing, and previous studies have linked the lateral septum (LS) to substance use disorders. It is unclear, however, which precise LS cell types might contribute to the maladaptive state of withdrawal. To address this, we used single-nucleus RNA-sequencing to interrogate cell type specific gene expression changes induced by chronic morphine and withdrawal. We discovered that morphine globally disrupted the transcriptional profile of LS cell types, but Neurotensin-expressing neurons (Nts; LS-Nts neurons) were selectively activated by naloxone. Using two-photon calcium imaging and ex vivo electrophysiology, we next demonstrate that LS-Nts neurons receive enhanced glutamatergic drive in morphine-dependent mice and remain hyperactivated during opioid withdrawal. Finally, we showed that activating and silencing LS-Nts neurons during opioid withdrawal regulates pain coping behaviors and sociability. Together, these results suggest that LS-Nts neurons are a key neural substrate involved in opioid withdrawal and establish the LS as a crucial regulator of adaptive behaviors, specifically pertaining to OUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhiana C. Simon
- Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion (NAPE), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Weston T. Fleming
- Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion (NAPE), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Pranav Senthilkumar
- Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion (NAPE), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Brandy A. Briones
- Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion (NAPE), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Kentaro K. Ishii
- Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion (NAPE), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Madelyn M. Hjort
- Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion (NAPE), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Madison M. Martin
- Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion (NAPE), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Koichi Hashikawa
- Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion (NAPE), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Andrea D. Sanders
- Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion (NAPE), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Sam A. Golden
- Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion (NAPE), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Garret D. Stuber
- Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion (NAPE), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
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13
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Bouchatta O, Brodzki M, Manouze H, Carballo GB, Kindström E, de-Faria FM, Yu H, Kao AR, Thorell O, Liljencrantz J, Ng KKW, Frangos E, Ragnemalm B, Saade D, Bharucha-Goebel D, Szczot I, Moore W, Terejko K, Cole J, Bonnemann C, Luo W, Mahns DA, Larsson M, Gerling GJ, Marshall AG, Chesler AT, Olausson H, Nagi SS, Szczot M. PIEZO2-dependent rapid pain system in humans and mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.01.569650. [PMID: 38168273 PMCID: PMC10760115 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.01.569650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The PIEZO2 ion channel is critical for transducing light touch into neural signals but is not considered necessary for transducing acute pain in humans. Here, we discovered an exception - a form of mechanical pain evoked by hair pulling. Based on observations in a rare group of individuals with PIEZO2 deficiency syndrome, we demonstrated that hair-pull pain is dependent on PIEZO2 transduction. Studies in control participants showed that hair-pull pain triggered a distinct nocifensive response, including a nociceptive reflex. Observations in rare Aβ deafferented individuals and nerve conduction block studies in control participants revealed that hair-pull pain perception is dependent on Aβ input. Single-unit axonal recordings revealed that a class of cooling-responsive myelinated nociceptors in human skin is selectively tuned to painful hair-pull stimuli. Further, we pharmacologically mapped these nociceptors to a specific transcriptomic class. Finally, using functional imaging in mice, we demonstrated that in a homologous nociceptor, Piezo2 is necessary for high-sensitivity, robust activation by hair-pull stimuli. Together, we have demonstrated that hair-pulling evokes a distinct type of pain with conserved behavioral, neural, and molecular features across humans and mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otmane Bouchatta
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Marek Brodzki
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Houria Manouze
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Gabriela B. Carballo
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Emma Kindström
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Felipe M. de-Faria
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Huasheng Yu
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Anika R. Kao
- School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Oumie Thorell
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jaquette Liljencrantz
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kevin K. W. Ng
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Eleni Frangos
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Bengt Ragnemalm
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Dimah Saade
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Diana Bharucha-Goebel
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Ilona Szczot
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Warren Moore
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Katarzyna Terejko
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Biology of Astrocytes Research Group, Łukasiewicz Research Network - PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jonathan Cole
- University Hospitals, Dorset, and University of Bournemouth, UK
| | - Carsten Bonnemann
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Wenquin Luo
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - David A. Mahns
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Max Larsson
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Gregory J. Gerling
- School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Andrew G. Marshall
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Alexander T. Chesler
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Håkan Olausson
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Saad S. Nagi
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
- Senior author
| | - Marcin Szczot
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Senior author
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14
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Blaeser AS, Zhao J, Sugden AU, Carneiro-Nascimento S, Andermann ML, Levy D. Sensitization of meningeal afferents to locomotion-related meningeal deformations in a migraine model. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.31.549838. [PMID: 37577675 PMCID: PMC10418100 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.31.549838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Migraine headache is hypothesized to involve the activation and sensitization of trigeminal sensory afferents that innervate the cranial meninges. To better understand migraine pathophysiology and improve clinical translation, we used two-photon calcium imaging via a closed cranial window in awake mice to investigate changes in the responses of meningeal afferent fibers using a preclinical model of migraine involving cortical spreading depolarization (CSD). A single CSD episode caused a seconds-long wave of calcium activation that propagated across afferents and along the length of individual afferents. Surprisingly, unlike previous studies in anesthetized animals with exposed meninges, only a very small afferent population was persistently activated in our awake mouse preparation, questioning the relevance of this neuronal response to the onset of migraine pain. In contrast, we identified a larger subset of meningeal afferents that developed augmented responses to acute three-dimensional meningeal deformations that occur in response to locomotion bouts. We observed increased responsiveness in a subset of afferents that were already somewhat sensitive to meningeal deformation before CSD. Furthermore, another subset of previously insensitive afferents also became sensitive to meningeal deformation following CSD. Our data provides new insights into the mechanisms underlying migraine, including the emergence of enhanced meningeal afferent responses to movement-related meningeal deformations as a potential neural substrate underlying the worsening of migraine headache during physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Blaeser
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Arthur U Sugden
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Simone Carneiro-Nascimento
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Mark L Andermann
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Dan Levy
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
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15
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Handler A, Zhang Q, Pang S, Nguyen TM, Iskols M, Nolan-Tamariz M, Cattel S, Plumb R, Sanchez B, Ashjian K, Shotland A, Brown B, Kabeer M, Turecek J, DeLisle MM, Rankin G, Xiang W, Pavarino EC, Africawala N, Santiago C, Lee WCA, Xu CS, Ginty DD. Three-dimensional reconstructions of mechanosensory end organs suggest a unifying mechanism underlying dynamic, light touch. Neuron 2023; 111:3211-3229.e9. [PMID: 37725982 PMCID: PMC10773061 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Across mammalian skin, structurally complex and diverse mechanosensory end organs respond to mechanical stimuli and enable our perception of dynamic, light touch. How forces act on morphologically dissimilar mechanosensory end organs of the skin to gate the requisite mechanotransduction channel Piezo2 and excite mechanosensory neurons is not understood. Here, we report high-resolution reconstructions of the hair follicle lanceolate complex, Meissner corpuscle, and Pacinian corpuscle and the subcellular distribution of Piezo2 within them. Across all three end organs, Piezo2 is restricted to the sensory axon membrane, including axon protrusions that extend from the axon body. These protrusions, which are numerous and elaborate extensively within the end organs, tether the axon to resident non-neuronal cells via adherens junctions. These findings support a unified model for dynamic touch in which mechanical stimuli stretch hundreds to thousands of axon protrusions across an end organ, opening proximal, axonal Piezo2 channels and exciting the neuron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Handler
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Qiyu Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Song Pang
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - Tri M Nguyen
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael Iskols
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael Nolan-Tamariz
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stuart Cattel
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rebecca Plumb
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Brianna Sanchez
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Karyl Ashjian
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aria Shotland
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bartianna Brown
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Madiha Kabeer
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Josef Turecek
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michelle M DeLisle
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Genelle Rankin
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Wangchu Xiang
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Elisa C Pavarino
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nusrat Africawala
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Celine Santiago
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Wei-Chung Allen Lee
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Shan Xu
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - David D Ginty
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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16
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Yu H, Usoskin D, Nagi SS, Hu Y, Kupari J, Bouchatta O, Cranfill SL, Gautam M, Su Y, Lu Y, Wymer J, Glanz M, Albrecht P, Song H, Ming GL, Prouty S, Seykora J, Wu H, Ma M, Rice FL, Olausson H, Ernfors P, Luo W. Single-Soma Deep RNA sequencing of Human DRG Neurons Reveals Novel Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Underlying Somatosensation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.17.533207. [PMID: 36993480 PMCID: PMC10055202 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.17.533207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The versatility of somatosensation arises from heterogeneous dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. However, soma transcriptomes of individual human DRG (hDRG) neurons-critical in-formation to decipher their functions-are lacking due to technical difficulties. Here, we developed a novel approach to isolate individual hDRG neuron somas for deep RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). On average, >9,000 unique genes per neuron were detected, and 16 neuronal types were identified. Cross-species analyses revealed remarkable divergence among pain-sensing neurons and the existence of human-specific nociceptor types. Our deep RNA-seq dataset was especially powerful for providing insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying human somatosensation and identifying high potential novel drug targets. Our dataset also guided the selection of molecular markers to visualize different types of human afferents and the discovery of novel functional properties using single-cell in vivo electrophysiological recordings. In summary, by employing a novel soma sequencing method, we generated an unprecedented hDRG neuron atlas, providing new insights into human somatosensation, establishing a critical foundation for translational work, and clarifying human species-species properties.
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17
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Santiago C, Sharma N, Africawala N, Siegrist J, Handler A, Tasnim A, Anjum R, Turecek J, Lehnert BP, Renauld S, Nolan-Tamariz M, Iskols M, Magee AR, Paradis S, Ginty DD. Activity-dependent development of the body's touch receptors. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.23.559109. [PMID: 37790437 PMCID: PMC10542488 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.23.559109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
We report a role for activity in the development of the primary sensory neurons that detect touch. Genetic deletion of Piezo2, the principal mechanosensitive ion channel in somatosensory neurons, caused profound changes in the formation of mechanosensory end organ structures and altered somatosensory neuron central targeting. Single cell RNA sequencing of Piezo2 conditional mutants revealed changes in gene expression in the sensory neurons activated by light mechanical forces, whereas other neuronal classes were less affected. To further test the role of activity in mechanosensory end organ development, we genetically deleted the voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.6 (Scn8a) in somatosensory neurons throughout development and found that Scn8a mutants also have disrupted somatosensory neuron morphologies and altered electrophysiological responses to mechanical stimuli. Together, these findings indicate that mechanically evoked neuronal activity acts early in life to shape the maturation of the mechanosensory end organs that underlie our sense of gentle touch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine Santiago
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Nikhil Sharma
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Nusrat Africawala
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Julianna Siegrist
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Annie Handler
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Aniqa Tasnim
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Rabia Anjum
- Department of Biology and Volen Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, 02453, USA
| | - Josef Turecek
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Brendan P. Lehnert
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Sophia Renauld
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Michael Nolan-Tamariz
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Michael Iskols
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Alexandra R. Magee
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Suzanne Paradis
- Department of Biology and Volen Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, 02453, USA
| | - David D. Ginty
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Lead Contact
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18
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Lam RM, von Buchholtz LJ, Falgairolle M, Osborne J, Frangos E, Servin-Vences MR, Nagel M, Nguyen MQ, Jayabalan M, Saade D, Patapoutian A, Bönnemann CG, Ryba NJP, Chesler AT. PIEZO2 and perineal mechanosensation are essential for sexual function. Science 2023; 381:906-910. [PMID: 37616369 DOI: 10.1126/science.adg0144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Despite the potential importance of genital mechanosensation for sexual reproduction, little is known about how perineal touch influences mating. We explored how mechanosensation affords exquisite awareness of the genitals and controls reproduction in mice and humans. Using genetic strategies and in vivo functional imaging, we demonstrated that the mechanosensitive ion channel PIEZO2 (piezo-type mechanosensitive ion channel component 2) is necessary for behavioral sensitivity to perineal touch. PIEZO2 function is needed for triggering a touch-evoked erection reflex and successful mating in both male and female mice. Humans with complete loss of PIEZO2 function have genital hyposensitivity and experience no direct pleasure from gentle touch or vibration. Together, our results help explain how perineal mechanoreceptors detect the gentlest of stimuli and trigger physiologically important sexual responses, thus providing a platform for exploring the sensory basis of sexual pleasure and its relationship to affective touch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruby M Lam
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Brown-National Institutes of Health Graduate Partnerships Program, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | | | - Melanie Falgairolle
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jennifer Osborne
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Eleni Frangos
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - M Rocio Servin-Vences
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neuroscience, Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Maximilian Nagel
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Minh Q Nguyen
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Monessha Jayabalan
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Dimah Saade
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ardem Patapoutian
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neuroscience, Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Carsten G Bönnemann
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nicholas J P Ryba
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alexander T Chesler
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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19
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Servin-Vences MR, Lam RM, Koolen A, Wang Y, Saade DN, Loud M, Kacmaz H, Frausto S, Zhang Y, Beyder A, Marshall KL, Bönnemann CG, Chesler AT, Patapoutian A. PIEZO2 in somatosensory neurons controls gastrointestinal transit. Cell 2023; 186:3386-3399.e15. [PMID: 37541196 PMCID: PMC10501318 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is in a state of constant motion. These movements are tightly regulated by the presence of food and help digestion by mechanically breaking down and propelling gut content. Mechanical sensing in the gut is thought to be essential for regulating motility; however, the identity of the neuronal populations, the molecules involved, and the functional consequences of this sensation are unknown. Here, we show that humans lacking PIEZO2 exhibit impaired bowel sensation and motility. Piezo2 in mouse dorsal root, but not nodose ganglia is required to sense gut content, and this activity slows down food transit rates in the stomach, small intestine, and colon. Indeed, Piezo2 is directly required to detect colon distension in vivo. Our study unveils the mechanosensory mechanisms that regulate the transit of luminal contents throughout the gut, which is a critical process to ensure proper digestion, nutrient absorption, and waste removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rocio Servin-Vences
- Department of Neuroscience, Dorris Neuroscience Center, Scripps Research, San Diego, CA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Ruby M Lam
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; NIH-Brown University Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Providence, RI, USA; National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alize Koolen
- Department of Neuroscience, Dorris Neuroscience Center, Scripps Research, San Diego, CA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Neuroscience, Dorris Neuroscience Center, Scripps Research, San Diego, CA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Dimah N Saade
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Meaghan Loud
- Department of Neuroscience, Dorris Neuroscience Center, Scripps Research, San Diego, CA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Halil Kacmaz
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Enteric Neuroscience Program (ENSP), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Suzanne Frausto
- Department of Neuroscience, Dorris Neuroscience Center, Scripps Research, San Diego, CA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Yunxiao Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience, Dorris Neuroscience Center, Scripps Research, San Diego, CA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Arthur Beyder
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Enteric Neuroscience Program (ENSP), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kara L Marshall
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carsten G Bönnemann
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alexander T Chesler
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Ardem Patapoutian
- Department of Neuroscience, Dorris Neuroscience Center, Scripps Research, San Diego, CA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
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20
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Murthy SE. Deciphering mechanically activated ion channels at the single-channel level in dorsal root ganglion neurons. J Gen Physiol 2023; 155:e202213099. [PMID: 37102984 PMCID: PMC10140383 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202213099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanically activated (MA) ion channels confer somatosensory neurons with the ability to sense a wide range of mechanical stimuli. MA ion channel activity in somatosensory neurons is best described by the electrophysiological recordings of MA currents in cultured dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Biophysical and pharmacological characterization of DRG MA currents has guided the field in screening/confirming channel candidates that induce the currents and facilitate the mechanosensory response. But studies on DRG MA currents have relied mostly on whole-cell macroscopic current properties obtained by membrane indentation, and little is known about the underlying MA ion channels at the single-channel level. Here, by acquiring indentation-induced macroscopic currents as well as stretch-activated single-channel currents from the same cell, we associate macroscopic current properties with single-channel conductance. This analysis reveals the nature of the MA channel responsible for the ensemble response. We observe four different conductances in DRG neurons with no association with a specific type of macroscopic current. Applying this methodology to a Piezo2 expressing DRG neuronal subpopulation allows us to identify PIEZO2-dependent stretch-activated currents and conductance. Moreover, we demonstrate that upon Piezo2 deletion, the remaining macroscopic responses are predominantly mediated by three different single-channel conductances. Collectively, our data predict that at least two other MA ion channels exist in DRG neurons that remain to be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swetha E. Murthy
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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21
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Chen S, Rao BY, Herrlinger S, Losonczy A, Paninski L, Varol E. MULTIMODAL MICROSCOPY IMAGE ALIGNMENT USING SPATIAL AND SHAPE INFORMATION AND A BRANCH-AND-BOUND ALGORITHM. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ... IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH, AND SIGNAL PROCESSING. ICASSP (CONFERENCE) 2023; 2023:10.1109/icassp49357.2023.10096185. [PMID: 37388235 PMCID: PMC10308861 DOI: 10.1109/icassp49357.2023.10096185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Multimodal microscopy experiments that image the same population of cells under different experimental conditions have become a widely used approach in systems and molecular neuroscience. The main obstacle is to align the different imaging modalities to obtain complementary information about the observed cell population (e.g., gene expression and calcium signal). Traditional image registration methods perform poorly when only a small subset of cells are present in both images, as is common in multimodal experiments. We cast multimodal microscopy alignment as a cell subset matching problem. To solve this non-convex problem, we introduce an efficient and globally optimal branch-and-bound algorithm to find subsets of point clouds that are in rotational alignment with each other. In addition, we use complementary information about cell shape and location to compute the matching likelihood of cell pairs in two imaging modalities to further prune the optimization search tree. Finally, we use the maximal set of cells in rigid rotational alignment to seed image deformation fields to obtain a final registration result. Our framework performs better than the state-of-the-art histology alignment approaches regarding matching quality and is faster than manual alignment, providing a viable solution to improve the throughput of multimodal microscopy experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuonan Chen
- Department of System Biology
- Zuckerman Institute
- Columbia University
| | - Bovey Y Rao
- Department of Neurobiology
- Zuckerman Institute
- Columbia University
| | | | - Attila Losonczy
- Department of Neurobiology
- Zuckerman Institute
- Columbia University
| | - Liam Paninski
- Department of Statistics
- Zuckerman Institute
- Columbia University
| | - Erdem Varol
- Department of Statistics
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering
- Zuckerman Institute
- Columbia University
- New York University
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22
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Cao A, Gao W, Sawada T, Yoshimoto RU, Aijima R, Ohsaki Y, Kido MA. Transient Receptor Potential Channel Vanilloid 1 Contributes to Facial Mechanical Hypersensitivity in a Mouse Model of Atopic Asthma. J Transl Med 2023; 103:100149. [PMID: 37059266 DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2023.100149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensitive skin, a common pathophysiological feature of allergic diseases, is defined as an unpleasant sensation in response to stimuli that normally should not provoke such sensations. However, the relationship between allergic inflammation and hypersensitive skin in the trigeminal system remains to be elucidated. To explore whether bronchial allergic inflammation affects facial skin and primary sensory neurons, we used an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma mouse model. Significant mechanical hypersensitivity was observed in the facial skin of mice with pulmonary inflammation induced by OVA sensitization compared to mice treated with adjuvant or vehicle as controls. The skin of OVA-treated mice showed an increased number of nerve fibers, especially rich intraepithelial nerves, compared to controls. Transient receptor potential channel vanilloid 1 (TRPV1)-immunoreactive nerves were enriched in the skin of OVA-treated mice. Moreover, epithelial TRPV1 expression was higher in OVA-treated mice than in controls. Trigeminal ganglia of OVA-treated mice displayed larger numbers of activated microglia/macrophages and satellite glia. In addition, more TRPV1 immunoreactive neurons were found in the trigeminal ganglia of OVA-treated mice than in controls. Mechanical hypersensitivity was suppressed in OVA-treated Trpv1-deficient mice, while topical skin application of a TRPV1 antagonist before behavioral testing reduced the reaction induced by mechanical stimulation. Our findings reveal that mice with allergic inflammation of the bronchi had mechanical hypersensitivity in the facial skin that may have resulted from TRPV1-mediated neuronal plasticity and glial activation in the trigeminal ganglion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailin Cao
- Division of Histology and Neuroanatomy, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan; Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Weiqi Gao
- Division of Histology and Neuroanatomy, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sawada
- Division of Histology and Neuroanatomy, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Reiko U Yoshimoto
- Division of Histology and Neuroanatomy, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan; Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Reona Aijima
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yasuyoshi Ohsaki
- Division of Histology and Neuroanatomy, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Mizuho A Kido
- Division of Histology and Neuroanatomy, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan; Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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23
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Wang Y, Ye L. Somatosensory innervation of adipose tissues. Physiol Behav 2023; 265:114174. [PMID: 36965573 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes has led to a greater interest in adipose tissue physiology. Adipose tissue is now understood as an organ with endocrine and thermogenic capacities in addition to its role in fat storage. It plays a critical role in systemic metabolism and energy regulation, and its activity is tightly regulated by the nervous system. Fat is now recognized to receive sympathetic innervation, which transmits information from the brain, as well as sensory innervation, which sends information into the brain. The role of sympathetic innervation in adipose tissue has been extensively studied. However, the extent and the functional significance of sensory innervation have long been unclear. Recent studies have started to reveal that sensory neurons robustly innervate adipose tissue and play an important role in regulating fat activity. This brief review will discuss both historical evidence and recent advances, as well as important remaining questions about the sensory innervation of adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Neuroscience and Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Li Ye
- Department of Neuroscience and Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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24
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Obeidat AM, Wood MJ, Adamczyk NS, Ishihara S, Li J, Wang L, Ren D, Bennett DA, Miller RJ, Malfait AM, Miller RE. Piezo2 expressing nociceptors mediate mechanical sensitization in experimental osteoarthritis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2479. [PMID: 37120427 PMCID: PMC10148822 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38241-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-opioid targets are needed for addressing osteoarthritis pain, which is mechanical in nature and associated with daily activities such as walking and climbing stairs. Piezo2 has been implicated in the development of mechanical pain, but the mechanisms by which this occurs remain poorly understood, including the role of nociceptors. Here we show that nociceptor-specific Piezo2 conditional knock-out mice were protected from mechanical sensitization associated with inflammatory joint pain in female mice, joint pain associated with osteoarthritis in male mice, as well as both knee swelling and joint pain associated with repeated intra-articular injection of nerve growth factor in male mice. Single cell RNA sequencing of mouse lumbar dorsal root ganglia and in situ hybridization of mouse and human lumbar dorsal root ganglia revealed that a subset of nociceptors co-express Piezo2 and Ntrk1 (the gene that encodes the nerve growth factor receptor TrkA). These results suggest that nerve growth factor-mediated sensitization of joint nociceptors, which is critical for osteoarthritic pain, is also dependent on Piezo2, and targeting Piezo2 may represent a therapeutic option for osteoarthritis pain control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alia M Obeidat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | - Matthew J Wood
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | - Natalie S Adamczyk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | - Shingo Ishihara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | - Lai Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | - Dongjun Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA
| | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center and Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | - Richard J Miller
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA
| | - Anne-Marie Malfait
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | - Rachel E Miller
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA.
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25
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Lu P, Zhao Y, Xie Z, Zhou H, Dong X, Wu GF, Kim BS, Feng J, Hu H. MrgprA3-expressing pruriceptors drive pruritogen-induced alloknesis through mechanosensitive Piezo2 channel. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112283. [PMID: 36961815 PMCID: PMC10514240 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Although touch and itch are coded by distinct neuronal populations, light touch also provokes itch in the presence of exogenous pruritogens, resulting in a phenomenon called alloknesis. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the initiation of pruritogen-induced mechanical itch sensitization are poorly understood. Here, we show that intradermal injections of histamine or chloroquine (CQ) provoke alloknesis through activation of TRPV1- and MrgprA3-expressing prurioceptors, and functional ablation of these neurons reverses pruritogen-induced alloknesis. Moreover, genetic ablation of mechanosensitive Piezo2 channel function from MrgprA3-expressing prurioceptors also dampens pruritogen-induced alloknesis. Mechanistically, histamine and CQ sensitize Piezo2 channel function, at least in part, through activation of the phospholipase C (PLC) and protein kinase C-δ (PKCδ) signaling. Collectively, our data find a TRPV1+/MrgprA3+ prurioceptor-Piezo2 signaling axis in the initiation of pruritogen-induced mechanical itch sensitization in the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yonghui Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Zili Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Huan Zhou
- Center for Neurological and Psychiatric Research and Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinzhong Dong
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Gregory F Wu
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Brian S Kim
- Kimberly and Eric J. Waldman Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jing Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Center for Neurological and Psychiatric Research and Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Hongzhen Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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26
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Qi L, Iskols M, Shi D, Reddy P, Walker C, Lezgiyeva K, Voisin T, Pawlak M, Kuchroo VK, Chiu I, Ginty DD, Sharma N. A DRG genetic toolkit reveals molecular, morphological, and functional diversity of somatosensory neuron subtypes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.22.537932. [PMID: 37131664 PMCID: PMC10153270 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.22.537932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical and thermal stimuli acting on the skin are detected by morphologically and physiologically distinct sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Achieving a holistic view of how this diverse neuronal population relays sensory information from the skin to the central nervous system (CNS) has been challenging with existing tools. Here, we used transcriptomic datasets of the mouse DRG to guide development and curation of a genetic toolkit to interrogate transcriptionally defined DRG neuron subtypes. Morphological analysis revealed unique cutaneous axon arborization areas and branching patterns of each subtype. Physiological analysis showed that subtypes exhibit distinct thresholds and ranges of responses to mechanical and/or thermal stimuli. The somatosensory neuron toolbox thus enables comprehensive phenotyping of most principal sensory neuron subtypes. Moreover, our findings support a population coding scheme in which the activation thresholds of morphologically and physiologically distinct cutaneous DRG neuron subtypes tile multiple dimensions of stimulus space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Qi
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Michael Iskols
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115
| | - David Shi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Pranav Reddy
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Christopher Walker
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Karina Lezgiyeva
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Tiphaine Voisin
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Mathias Pawlak
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Vijay K. Kuchroo
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Isaac Chiu
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - David D. Ginty
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Nikhil Sharma
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY
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27
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Handler A, Zhang Q, Pang S, Nguyen TM, Iskols M, Nolan-Tamariz M, Cattel S, Plumb R, Sanchez B, Ashjian K, Shotland A, Brown B, Kabeer M, Turecek J, Rankin G, Xiang W, Pavarino EC, Africawala N, Santiago C, Lee WCA, Shan Xu C, Ginty DD. Three-dimensional reconstructions of mechanosensory end organs suggest a unifying mechanism underlying dynamic, light touch. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.17.533188. [PMID: 36993253 PMCID: PMC10055218 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.17.533188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Specialized mechanosensory end organs within mammalian skin-hair follicle-associated lanceolate complexes, Meissner corpuscles, and Pacinian corpuscles-enable our perception of light, dynamic touch 1 . In each of these end organs, fast-conducting mechanically sensitive neurons, called Aβ low-threshold mechanoreceptors (Aβ LTMRs), associate with resident glial cells, known as terminal Schwann cells (TSCs) or lamellar cells, to form complex axon ending structures. Lanceolate-forming and corpuscle-innervating Aβ LTMRs share a low threshold for mechanical activation, a rapidly adapting (RA) response to force indentation, and high sensitivity to dynamic stimuli 1-6 . How mechanical stimuli lead to activation of the requisite mechanotransduction channel Piezo2 7-15 and Aβ RA-LTMR excitation across the morphologically dissimilar mechanosensory end organ structures is not understood. Here, we report the precise subcellular distribution of Piezo2 and high-resolution, isotropic 3D reconstructions of all three end organs formed by Aβ RA-LTMRs determined by large volume enhanced Focused Ion Beam Scanning Electron Microscopy (FIB-SEM) imaging. We found that within each end organ, Piezo2 is enriched along the sensory axon membrane and is minimally or not expressed in TSCs and lamellar cells. We also observed a large number of small cytoplasmic protrusions enriched along the Aβ RA-LTMR axon terminals associated with hair follicles, Meissner corpuscles, and Pacinian corpuscles. These axon protrusions reside within close proximity to axonal Piezo2, occasionally contain the channel, and often form adherens junctions with nearby non-neuronal cells. Our findings support a unified model for Aβ RA-LTMR activation in which axon protrusions anchor Aβ RA-LTMR axon terminals to specialized end organ cells, enabling mechanical stimuli to stretch the axon in hundreds to thousands of sites across an individual end organ and leading to activation of proximal Piezo2 channels and excitation of the neuron.
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28
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Ziolkowski LH, Gracheva EO, Bagriantsev SN. Mechanotransduction events at the physiological site of touch detection. eLife 2023; 12:84179. [PMID: 36607222 PMCID: PMC9833821 DOI: 10.7554/elife.84179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Afferents of peripheral mechanoreceptors innervate the skin of vertebrates, where they detect physical touch via mechanically gated ion channels (mechanotransducers). While the afferent terminal is generally understood to be the primary site of mechanotransduction, the functional properties of mechanically activated (MA) ionic current generated by mechanotransducers at this location remain obscure. Until now, direct evidence of MA current and mechanically induced action potentials in the mechanoreceptor terminal has not been obtained. Here, we report patch-clamp recordings from the afferent terminal innervating Grandry (Meissner) corpuscles in the bill skin of a tactile specialist duck. We show that mechanical stimulation evokes MA current in the afferent with fast kinetics of activation and inactivation during the dynamic phases of the mechanical stimulus. These responses trigger rapidly adapting firing in the afferent detected at the terminal and in the afferent fiber outside of the corpuscle. Our findings elucidate the initial electrogenic events of touch detection in the mechanoreceptor nerve terminal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke H Ziolkowski
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States
| | - Elena O Gracheva
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States,Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States,Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States,Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States
| | - Sviatoslav N Bagriantsev
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States
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29
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Flavell SW, Gogolla N, Lovett-Barron M, Zelikowsky M. The emergence and influence of internal states. Neuron 2022; 110:2545-2570. [PMID: 35643077 PMCID: PMC9391310 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Animal behavior is shaped by a variety of "internal states"-partially hidden variables that profoundly shape perception, cognition, and action. The neural basis of internal states, such as fear, arousal, hunger, motivation, aggression, and many others, is a prominent focus of research efforts across animal phyla. Internal states can be inferred from changes in behavior, physiology, and neural dynamics and are characterized by properties such as pleiotropy, persistence, scalability, generalizability, and valence. To date, it remains unclear how internal states and their properties are generated by nervous systems. Here, we review recent progress, which has been driven by advances in behavioral quantification, cellular manipulations, and neural population recordings. We synthesize research implicating defined subsets of state-inducing cell types, widespread changes in neural activity, and neuromodulation in the formation and updating of internal states. In addition to highlighting the significance of these findings, our review advocates for new approaches to clarify the underpinnings of internal brain states across the animal kingdom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven W Flavell
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Nadine Gogolla
- Emotion Research Department, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany; Circuits for Emotion Research Group, Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology, 82152 Martinsried, Germany.
| | - Matthew Lovett-Barron
- Division of Biological Sciences-Neurobiology Section, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Moriel Zelikowsky
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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30
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Distinct neural networks derived from galanin-containing nociceptors and neurotensin-expressing pruriceptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2118501119. [PMID: 35943985 PMCID: PMC9388111 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2118501119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pain and itch are distinct sensations arousing evasion and compulsive desire for scratching, respectively. It's unclear whether they could invoke different neural networks in the brain. Here, we use the type 1 herpes simplex virus H129 strain to trace the neural networks derived from two types of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons: one kind of polymodal nociceptors containing galanin (Gal) and one type of pruriceptors expressing neurotensin (Nts). The DRG microinjection and immunosuppression were performed in transgenic mice to achieve a successful tracing from specific types of DRG neurons to the primary sensory cortex. About one-third of nuclei in the brain were labeled. More than half of them were differentially labeled in two networks. For the ascending pathways, the spinothalamic tract was absent in the network derived from Nts-expressing pruriceptors, and the two networks shared the spinobulbar projections but occupied different subnuclei. As to the motor systems, more neurons in the primary motor cortex and red nucleus of the somatic motor system participated in the Gal-containing nociceptor-derived network, while more neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NST) and the dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve (DMX) of the emotional motor system was found in the Nts-expressing pruriceptor-derived network. Functional validation of differentially labeled nuclei by c-Fos test and chemogenetic inhibition suggested the red nucleus in facilitating the response to noxious heat and the NST/DMX in regulating the histamine-induced scratching. Thus, we reveal the organization of neural networks in a DRG neuron type-dependent manner for processing pain and itch.
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31
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Delmas P, Parpaite T, Coste B. PIEZO channels and newcomers in the mammalian mechanosensitive ion channel family. Neuron 2022; 110:2713-2727. [PMID: 35907398 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Many ion channels have been described as mechanosensitive according to various criteria. Most broadly defined, an ion channel is called mechanosensitive if its activity is controlled by application of a physical force. The last decade has witnessed a revolution in mechanosensory physiology at the molecular, cellular, and system levels, both in health and in diseases. Since the discovery of the PIEZO proteins as prototypical mechanosensitive channel, many proteins have been proposed to transduce mechanosensory information in mammals. However, few of these newly identified candidates have all the attributes of bona fide, pore-forming mechanosensitive ion channels. In this perspective, we will cover and discuss new data that have advanced our understanding of mechanosensation at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Delmas
- SomatoSens, Laboratory for Cognitive Neuroscience, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS UMR 7291, Marseilles, France.
| | - Thibaud Parpaite
- SomatoSens, Laboratory for Cognitive Neuroscience, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS UMR 7291, Marseilles, France
| | - Bertrand Coste
- SomatoSens, Laboratory for Cognitive Neuroscience, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS UMR 7291, Marseilles, France
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32
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Zeng H. What is a cell type and how to define it? Cell 2022; 185:2739-2755. [PMID: 35868277 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cell types are the basic functional units of an organism. Cell types exhibit diverse phenotypic properties at multiple levels, making them challenging to define, categorize, and understand. This review provides an overview of the basic principles of cell types rooted in evolution and development and discusses approaches to characterize and classify cell types and investigate how they contribute to the organism's function, using the mammalian brain as a primary example. I propose a roadmap toward a conceptual framework and knowledge base of cell types that will enable a deeper understanding of the dynamic changes of cellular function under healthy and diseased conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongkui Zeng
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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33
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Bugeon S, Duffield J, Dipoppa M, Ritoux A, Prankerd I, Nicoloutsopoulos D, Orme D, Shinn M, Peng H, Forrest H, Viduolyte A, Reddy CB, Isogai Y, Carandini M, Harris KD. A transcriptomic axis predicts state modulation of cortical interneurons. Nature 2022; 607:330-338. [PMID: 35794483 PMCID: PMC9279161 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04915-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Transcriptomics has revealed that cortical inhibitory neurons exhibit a great diversity of fine molecular subtypes1-6, but it is not known whether these subtypes have correspondingly diverse patterns of activity in the living brain. Here we show that inhibitory subtypes in primary visual cortex (V1) have diverse correlates with brain state, which are organized by a single factor: position along the main axis of transcriptomic variation. We combined in vivo two-photon calcium imaging of mouse V1 with a transcriptomic method to identify mRNA for 72 selected genes in ex vivo slices. We classified inhibitory neurons imaged in layers 1-3 into a three-level hierarchy of 5 subclasses, 11 types and 35 subtypes using previously defined transcriptomic clusters3. Responses to visual stimuli differed significantly only between subclasses, with cells in the Sncg subclass uniformly suppressed, and cells in the other subclasses predominantly excited. Modulation by brain state differed at all hierarchical levels but could be largely predicted from the first transcriptomic principal component, which also predicted correlations with simultaneously recorded cells. Inhibitory subtypes that fired more in resting, oscillatory brain states had a smaller fraction of their axonal projections in layer 1, narrower spikes, lower input resistance and weaker adaptation as determined in vitro7, and expressed more inhibitory cholinergic receptors. Subtypes that fired more during arousal had the opposite properties. Thus, a simple principle may largely explain how diverse inhibitory V1 subtypes shape state-dependent cortical processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Bugeon
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Joshua Duffield
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mario Dipoppa
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.,Center for Theoretical Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anne Ritoux
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Isabelle Prankerd
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - David Orme
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Maxwell Shinn
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Han Peng
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Hamish Forrest
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Aiste Viduolyte
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Charu Bai Reddy
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.,UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Yoh Isogai
- Sainsbury Wellcome Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, University College London, London, UK
| | - Matteo Carandini
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Kenneth D Harris
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.
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34
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Kong L, Gao X, Qian Y, Sun W, You Z, Fan C. Biomechanical microenvironment in peripheral nerve regeneration: from pathophysiological understanding to tissue engineering development. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:4993-5014. [PMID: 35836812 PMCID: PMC9274750 DOI: 10.7150/thno.74571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) caused by trauma, chronic disease and other factors may lead to partial or complete loss of sensory, motor and autonomic functions, as well as neuropathic pain. Biological activities are always accompanied by mechanical stimulation, and biomechanical microenvironmental homeostasis plays a complicated role in tissue repair and regeneration. Recent studies have focused on the effects of biomechanical microenvironment on peripheral nervous system development and function maintenance, as well as neural regrowth following PNI. For example, biomechanical factors-induced cluster gene expression changes contribute to formation of peripheral nerve structure and maintenance of physiological function. In addition, extracellular matrix and cell responses to biomechanical microenvironment alterations after PNI directly trigger a series of cascades for the well-organized peripheral nerve regeneration (PNR) process, where cell adhesion molecules, cytoskeletons and mechanically gated ion channels serve as mechanosensitive units, mechanical effector including focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and yes-associated protein (YAP)/transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) as mechanotransduction elements. With the rapid development of tissue engineering techniques, a substantial number of PNR strategies such as aligned nerve guidance conduits, three-dimensional topological designs and piezoelectric scaffolds emerge expected to improve the neural biomechanical microenvironment in case of PNI. These tissue engineering nerve grafts display optimized mechanical properties and outstanding mechanomodulatory effects, but a few bottlenecks restrict their application scenes. In this review, the current understanding in biomechanical microenvironment homeostasis associated with peripheral nerve function and PNR is integrated, where we proposed the importance of balances of mechanosensitive elements, cytoskeletal structures, mechanotransduction cascades, and extracellular matrix components; a wide variety of promising tissue engineering strategies based on biomechanical modulation are introduced with some suggestions and prospects for future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingchi Kong
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, 200233, China.,Youth Science and Technology Innovation Studio of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Xin Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Advanced Fiber and Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yun Qian
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, 200233, China.,Youth Science and Technology Innovation Studio of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Yun Qian, E-mail: ; Wei Sun, E-mail: ; Zhengwei You, E-mail: ; Cunyi Fan, E-mail:
| | - Wei Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Advanced Fiber and Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Yun Qian, E-mail: ; Wei Sun, E-mail: ; Zhengwei You, E-mail: ; Cunyi Fan, E-mail:
| | - Zhengwei You
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Advanced Fiber and Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Yun Qian, E-mail: ; Wei Sun, E-mail: ; Zhengwei You, E-mail: ; Cunyi Fan, E-mail:
| | - Cunyi Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, 200233, China.,Youth Science and Technology Innovation Studio of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Yun Qian, E-mail: ; Wei Sun, E-mail: ; Zhengwei You, E-mail: ; Cunyi Fan, E-mail:
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35
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Nagel M, Chesler AT. PIEZO2 ion channels in proprioception. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2022; 75:102572. [PMID: 35689908 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2022.102572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PIEZO2 is a stretch-gated ion channel that is expressed at high levels in somatosensory neurons. Humans with rare mutations in the PIEZO2 gene have profound mechanosensory deficits that include a loss of the sense of proprioception. These striking phenotypes match those seen in conditional knockout mouse models demonstrating the highly conserved function for this gene. Here, we review the ramifications of loss of PIEZO2 function on normal daily activities and what studies like these have revealed about proprioception at the molecular and cellular level. Additionally, we highlight recent work that has uncovered the surprising functional and molecular diversity of proprioceptors. Together, these findings pioneer a path toward determining how the detection of mechanosensory input from muscles and tendons is used to control posture and refine motor performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Nagel
- Sensory Cells and Circuits Section, National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, 35 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Alexander T Chesler
- Sensory Cells and Circuits Section, National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, 35 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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36
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Yang L, Xu M, Bhuiyan SA, Li J, Zhao J, Cohrs RJ, Susterich JT, Signorelli S, Green U, Stone JR, Levy D, Lennerz JK, Renthal W. Human and mouse trigeminal ganglia cell atlas implicates multiple cell types in migraine. Neuron 2022; 110:1806-1821.e8. [PMID: 35349784 PMCID: PMC9338779 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sensitization of trigeminal ganglion neurons contributes to primary headache disorders such as migraine, but the specific neuronal and non-neuronal trigeminal subtypes that are involved remain unclear. We thus developed a cell atlas in which human and mouse trigeminal ganglia are transcriptionally and epigenomically profiled at single-cell resolution. These data describe evolutionarily conserved and human-specific gene expression patterns within each trigeminal ganglion cell type, as well as the transcription factors and gene regulatory elements that contribute to cell-type-specific gene expression. We then leveraged these data to identify trigeminal ganglion cell types that are implicated both by human genetic variation associated with migraine and two mouse models of headache. This trigeminal ganglion cell atlas improves our understanding of the cell types, genes, and epigenomic features involved in headache pathophysiology and establishes a rich resource of cell-type-specific molecular features to guide the development of more selective treatments for headache and facial pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lite Yang
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mengyi Xu
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shamsuddin A Bhuiyan
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Randall J Cohrs
- Departments of Neurology and Immunology/Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Justin T Susterich
- Department of Pathology, Center for Integrated Diagnostics, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Sylvia Signorelli
- Department of Pathology, Center for Integrated Diagnostics, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ursula Green
- Department of Pathology, Center for Integrated Diagnostics, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - James R Stone
- Department of Pathology, Center for Integrated Diagnostics, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Dan Levy
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jochen K Lennerz
- Department of Pathology, Center for Integrated Diagnostics, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - William Renthal
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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37
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Austah ON, Lillis KV, Akopian AN, Harris SE, Grinceviciute R, Diogenes A. Trigeminal neurons control immune-bone cell interaction and metabolism in apical periodontitis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:330. [PMID: 35639178 PMCID: PMC9156470 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04335-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Apical periodontitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease occurring following tooth infection with distinct osteolytic activity. Despite increasing evidence that sensory neurons participate in regulation of non-neuronal cells, their role in the development of AP is largely unknown. We hypothesized that trigeminal ganglia (TG) Nav1.8+ nociceptors regulate bone metabolism changes in response to AP. A selective ablation of nociceptive neurons in Nav1.8Cre/Diphtheria toxin A (DTA)Lox mouse line was used to evaluate the development and progression of AP using murine model of infection-induced AP. Ablation of Nav1.8+ nociceptors had earlier progression of AP with larger osteolytic lesions. Immunohistochemical and RNAscope analyses demonstrated greater number of macrophages, T-cells, osteoclast and osteoblast precursors and an increased RANKL:OPG ratio at earlier time points among Nav1.8Cre/ DTALox mice. There was an increased expression of IL-1α and IL-6 within lesions of nociceptor-ablated mice. Further, co-culture experiments demonstrated that TG neurons promoted osteoblast mineralization and inhibited osteoclastic function. The findings suggest that TG Nav1.8+ neurons contribute to modulation of the AP development by delaying the influx of immune cells, promoting osteoblastic differentiation, and decreasing osteoclastic activities. This newly uncovered mechanism could become a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of AP and minimize the persistence of osteolytic lesions in refractory cases. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00018-022-04335-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Obadah N Austah
- Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.,Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Katherine V Lillis
- Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Armen N Akopian
- Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Stephen E Harris
- Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Ruta Grinceviciute
- Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Anibal Diogenes
- Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
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38
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Zhao Q, Yu CD, Wang R, Xu QJ, Dai Pra R, Zhang L, Chang RB. A multidimensional coding architecture of the vagal interoceptive system. Nature 2022; 603:878-884. [PMID: 35296859 PMCID: PMC8967724 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04515-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Interoception, the ability to timely and precisely sense changes inside the body, is critical for survival1-4. Vagal sensory neurons (VSNs) form an important body-to-brain connection, navigating visceral organs along the rostral-caudal axis of the body and crossing the surface-lumen axis of organs into appropriate tissue layers5,6. The brain can discriminate numerous body signals through VSNs, but the underlying coding strategy remains poorly understood. Here we show that VSNs code visceral organ, tissue layer and stimulus modality-three key features of an interoceptive signal-in different dimensions. Large-scale single-cell profiling of VSNs from seven major organs in mice using multiplexed projection barcodes reveals a 'visceral organ' dimension composed of differentially expressed gene modules that code organs along the body's rostral-caudal axis. We discover another 'tissue layer' dimension with gene modules that code the locations of VSN endings along the surface-lumen axis of organs. Using calcium-imaging-guided spatial transcriptomics, we show that VSNs are organized into functional units to sense similar stimuli across organs and tissue layers; this constitutes a third 'stimulus modality' dimension. The three independent feature-coding dimensions together specify many parallel VSN pathways in a combinatorial manner and facilitate the complex projection of VSNs in the brainstem. Our study highlights a multidimensional coding architecture of the mammalian vagal interoceptive system for effective signal communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiancheng Zhao
- grid.47100.320000000419368710Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA ,grid.47100.320000000419368710Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Chuyue D. Yu
- grid.47100.320000000419368710Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA ,grid.47100.320000000419368710Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA ,grid.47100.320000000419368710Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Rui Wang
- grid.47100.320000000419368710Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA ,grid.47100.320000000419368710Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Qian J. Xu
- grid.47100.320000000419368710Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA ,grid.47100.320000000419368710Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA ,grid.47100.320000000419368710Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Rafael Dai Pra
- grid.47100.320000000419368710Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Le Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Rui B. Chang
- grid.47100.320000000419368710Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA ,grid.47100.320000000419368710Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
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39
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Transcriptional and functional divergence in lateral hypothalamic glutamate neurons projecting to the lateral habenula and ventral tegmental area. Neuron 2021; 109:3823-3837.e6. [PMID: 34624220 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) regulates feeding- and reward-related behavior, but because of its molecular and anatomical heterogeneity, the functions of defined neuronal populations are largely unclear. Glutamatergic neurons within the LHA (LHAVglut2) negatively regulate feeding and appetitive behavior. However, this population comprises transcriptionally distinct and functionally diverse neurons that project to diverse brain regions, including the lateral habenula (LHb) and ventral tegmental area (VTA). To resolve the function of distinct LHAVglut2 populations, we systematically compared projections to the LHb and VTA using viral tracing, single-cell sequencing, electrophysiology, and in vivo calcium imaging. LHAVglut2 neurons projecting to the LHb or VTA are anatomically, transcriptionally, electrophysiologically, and functionally distinct. While both populations encode appetitive and aversive stimuli, LHb projecting neurons are especially sensitive to satiety state and feeding hormones. These data illuminate the functional heterogeneity of LHAVglut2 neurons, suggesting that reward and aversion are differentially processed in divergent efferent pathways.
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40
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Nguyen MQ, von Buchholtz LJ, Reker AN, Ryba NJ, Davidson S. Single-nucleus transcriptomic analysis of human dorsal root ganglion neurons. eLife 2021; 10:71752. [PMID: 34825887 PMCID: PMC8626086 DOI: 10.7554/elife.71752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatosensory neurons with cell bodies in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) project to the skin, muscles, bones, and viscera to detect touch and temperature as well as to mediate proprioception and many types of interoception. In addition, the somatosensory system conveys the clinically relevant noxious sensations of pain and itch. Here, we used single nuclear transcriptomics to characterize transcriptomic classes of human DRG neurons that detect these diverse types of stimuli. Notably, multiple types of human DRG neurons have transcriptomic features that resemble their mouse counterparts although expression of genes considered important for sensory function often differed between species. More unexpectedly, we identified several transcriptomic classes with no clear equivalent in the other species. This dataset should serve as a valuable resource for the community, for example as means of focusing translational efforts on molecules with conserved expression across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Q Nguyen
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Lars J von Buchholtz
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Ashlie N Reker
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, United States
| | - Nicholas Jp Ryba
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Steve Davidson
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, United States
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41
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Parpaite T, Brosse L, Séjourné N, Laur A, Mechioukhi Y, Delmas P, Coste B. Patch-seq of mouse DRG neurons reveals candidate genes for specific mechanosensory functions. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109914. [PMID: 34731626 PMCID: PMC8578708 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of mechanosensory neurons are involved in touch, proprioception, and pain. Many molecular components of the mechanotransduction machinery subserving these sensory modalities remain to be discovered. Here, we combine recordings of mechanosensitive (MS) currents in mechanosensory neurons with single-cell RNA sequencing. Transcriptional profiles are mapped onto previously identified sensory neuron types to identify cell-type correlates between datasets. Correlation of current signatures with single-cell transcriptomes provides a one-to-one correspondence between mechanoelectric properties and transcriptomically defined neuronal populations. Moreover, a gene-expression differential comparison provides a set of candidate genes for mechanotransduction complexes. Piezo2 is expectedly found to be enriched in rapidly adapting MS current-expressing neurons, whereas Tmem120a and Tmem150c, thought to mediate slow-type MS currents, are uniformly expressed in all mechanosensory neuron subtypes. Further knockdown experiments disqualify them as mediating MS currents in sensory neurons. This dataset constitutes an open resource to explore further the cell-type-specific determinants of mechanosensory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaud Parpaite
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LNC-UMR 7291, 13344 Marseille, France
| | - Lucie Brosse
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LNC-UMR 7291, 13344 Marseille, France
| | - Nina Séjourné
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LNC-UMR 7291, 13344 Marseille, France
| | - Amandine Laur
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LNC-UMR 7291, 13344 Marseille, France
| | | | - Patrick Delmas
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LNC-UMR 7291, 13344 Marseille, France
| | - Bertrand Coste
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LNC-UMR 7291, 13344 Marseille, France.
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42
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Sapio MR, Kim JJ, Loydpierson AJ, Maric D, Goto T, Vazquez FA, Dougherty MK, Narasimhan R, Muhly WT, Iadarola MJ, Mannes AJ. The Persistent Pain Transcriptome: Identification of Cells and Molecules Activated by Hyperalgesia. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2021; 22:1146-1179. [PMID: 33892151 PMCID: PMC9441406 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2021.03.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
During persistent pain, the dorsal spinal cord responds to painful inputs from the site of injury, but the molecular modulatory processes have not been comprehensively examined. Using transcriptomics and multiplex in situ hybridization, we identified the most highly regulated receptors and signaling molecules in rat dorsal spinal cord in peripheral inflammatory and post-surgical incisional pain models. We examined a time course of the response including acute (2 hours) and longer term (2 day) time points after peripheral injury representing the early onset and instantiation of hyperalgesic processes. From this analysis, we identify a key population of superficial dorsal spinal cord neurons marked by somatotopic upregulation of the opioid neuropeptide precursor prodynorphin, and 2 receptors: the neurokinin 1 receptor, and anaplastic lymphoma kinase. These alterations occur specifically in the glutamatergic subpopulation of superficial dynorphinergic neurons. In addition to specific neuronal gene regulation, both models showed induction of broad transcriptional signatures for tissue remodeling, synaptic rearrangement, and immune signaling defined by complement and interferon induction. These signatures were predominantly induced ipsilateral to tissue injury, implying linkage to primary afferent drive. We present a comprehensive set of gene regulatory events across 2 models that can be targeted for the development of non-opioid analgesics. PERSPECTIVE: The deadly impact of the opioid crisis and the need to replace morphine and other opioids in clinical practice is well recognized. Embedded within this research is an overarching goal of obtaining foundational knowledge from transcriptomics to search for non-opioid analgesic targets. Developing such analgesics would address unmet clinical needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Sapio
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jenny J Kim
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Amelia J Loydpierson
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Dragan Maric
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Flow and Imaging Cytometry Core Facility, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Taichi Goto
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland; National Institute of Nursing Research, Symptom Management Branch, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Overseas Research Fellowship, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fernando A Vazquez
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mary K Dougherty
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Radhika Narasimhan
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Wallis T Muhly
- National Institute of Nursing Research, Symptom Management Branch, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland; Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael J Iadarola
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
| | - Andrew J Mannes
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
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Kahan A, Greenbaum A, Jang MJ, Robinson JE, Cho JR, Chen X, Kassraian P, Wagenaar DA, Gradinaru V. Light-guided sectioning for precise in situ localization and tissue interface analysis for brain-implanted optical fibers and GRIN lenses. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109744. [PMID: 34592157 PMCID: PMC8552649 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Optical implants to control and monitor neuronal activity in vivo have become foundational tools of neuroscience. Standard two-dimensional histology of the implant location, however, often suffers from distortion and loss during tissue processing. To address that, we developed a three-dimensional post hoc histology method called “light-guided sectioning” (LiGS), which preserves the tissue with its optical implant in place and allows staining and clearing of a volume up to 500 μm in depth. We demonstrate the use of LiGS to determine the precise location of an optical fiber relative to a deep brain target and to investigate the implant-tissue interface. We show accurate cell registration of ex vivo histology with single-cell, two-photon calcium imaging, obtained through gradient refractive index (GRIN) lenses, and identify subpopulations based on immunohistochemistry. LiGS provides spatial information in experimental paradigms that use optical fibers and GRIN lenses and could help increase reproducibility through identification of fiber-to-target localization and molecular profiling. Kahan et al. describe a 3D histology method (LiGS) to investigate with high fidelity the vicinity of an intact optical implant (e.g., GRIN lenses and optical fibers). LiGS is compatible with immunohistochemistry and single-molecule imaging. With the use of two-photon microscopy, LiGS can also link the functional properties of cells to their molecular identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat Kahan
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Alon Greenbaum
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Min J Jang
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - J Elliott Robinson
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Jounhong Ryan Cho
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Xinhong Chen
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Pegah Kassraian
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Daniel A Wagenaar
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Viviana Gradinaru
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
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Handler A, Ginty DD. The mechanosensory neurons of touch and their mechanisms of activation. Nat Rev Neurosci 2021; 22:521-537. [PMID: 34312536 PMCID: PMC8485761 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-021-00489-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Our sense of touch emerges from an array of mechanosensory structures residing within the fabric of our skin. These tactile end organ structures convert innocuous forces acting on the skin into electrical signals that propagate to the CNS via the axons of low-threshold mechanoreceptors (LTMRs). Our rich capacity for tactile discrimination arises from the dissimilar intrinsic properties of the LTMR subtypes that innervate different regions of the skin and the structurally distinct end organ complexes with which they associate. These end organ structures comprise a range of non-neuronal cell types, which may themselves actively contribute to the transformation of tactile forces into neural impulses within the LTMR afferents. Although the mechanism and the site of transduction across end organs remain unclear, PIEZO2 has emerged as the principal mechanosensitive channel involved in light touch of the skin. Here we review the physiological properties of LTMR subtypes and discuss how features of their cutaneous end organ complexes shape subtype-specific tuning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Handler
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David D Ginty
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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MacDonald DI, Luiz AP, Iseppon F, Millet Q, Emery EC, Wood JN. Silent cold-sensing neurons contribute to cold allodynia in neuropathic pain. Brain 2021; 144:1711-1726. [PMID: 33693512 PMCID: PMC8320254 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with neuropathic pain often experience innocuous cooling as excruciating pain. The cell and molecular basis of this cold allodynia is little understood. We used in vivo calcium imaging of sensory ganglia to investigate how the activity of peripheral cold-sensing neurons was altered in three mouse models of neuropathic pain: oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy, partial sciatic nerve ligation, and ciguatera poisoning. In control mice, cold-sensing neurons were few in number and small in size. In neuropathic animals with cold allodynia, a set of normally silent large diameter neurons became sensitive to cooling. Many of these silent cold-sensing neurons responded to noxious mechanical stimuli and expressed the nociceptor markers Nav1.8 and CGRPα. Ablating neurons expressing Nav1.8 resulted in diminished cold allodynia. The silent cold-sensing neurons could also be activated by cooling in control mice through blockade of Kv1 voltage-gated potassium channels. Thus, silent cold-sensing neurons are unmasked in diverse neuropathic pain states and cold allodynia results from peripheral sensitization caused by altered nociceptor excitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald Iain MacDonald
- Molecular Nociception Group, Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Ana P Luiz
- Molecular Nociception Group, Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Federico Iseppon
- Molecular Nociception Group, Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Queensta Millet
- Molecular Nociception Group, Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Edward C Emery
- Molecular Nociception Group, Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - John N Wood
- Molecular Nociception Group, Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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Abstract
Mechanosensation is the ability to detect dynamic mechanical stimuli (e.g., pressure, stretch, and shear stress) and is essential for a wide variety of processes, including our sense of touch on the skin. How touch is detected and transduced at the molecular level has proved to be one of the great mysteries of sensory biology. A major breakthrough occurred in 2010 with the discovery of a family of mechanically gated ion channels that were coined PIEZOs. The last 10 years of investigation have provided a wealth of information about the functional roles and mechanisms of these molecules. Here we focus on PIEZO2, one of the two PIEZO proteins found in humans and other mammals. We review how work at the molecular, cellular, and systems levels over the past decade has transformed our understanding of touch and led to unexpected insights into other types of mechanosensation beyond the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Szczot
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA; .,Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, 583 30 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Alec R Nickolls
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA;
| | - Ruby M Lam
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA; .,NIH-Brown University Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - Alexander T Chesler
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA; .,National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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