1
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McCollum M, Manning A, Bender PTR, Mendelson BZ, Anderson CT. Cell-type-specific enhancement of deviance detection by synaptic zinc in the mouse auditory cortex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2405615121. [PMID: 39312661 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2405615121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Stimulus-specific adaptation is a hallmark of sensory processing in which a repeated stimulus results in diminished successive neuronal responses, but a deviant stimulus will still elicit robust responses from the same neurons. Recent work has established that synaptically released zinc is an endogenous mechanism that shapes neuronal responses to sounds in the auditory cortex. Here, to understand the contributions of synaptic zinc to deviance detection of specific neurons, we performed wide-field and 2-photon calcium imaging of multiple classes of cortical neurons. We find that intratelencephalic (IT) neurons in both layers 2/3 and 5 as well as corticocollicular neurons in layer 5 all demonstrate deviance detection; however, we find a specific enhancement of deviance detection in corticocollicular neurons that arises from ZnT3-dependent synaptic zinc in layer 2/3 IT neurons. Genetic deletion of ZnT3 from layer 2/3 IT neurons removes the enhancing effects of synaptic zinc on corticocollicular neuron deviance detection and results in poorer acuity of detecting deviant sounds by behaving mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mason McCollum
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26505
| | - Abbey Manning
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26505
| | - Philip T R Bender
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26505
| | - Benjamin Z Mendelson
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26505
| | - Charles T Anderson
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26505
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2
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Khaled H, Ghasemi Z, Inagaki M, Patel K, Naito Y, Feller B, Yi N, Bourojeni FB, Lee AK, Chofflet N, Kania A, Kosako H, Tachikawa M, Connor S, Takahashi H. The TrkC-PTPσ complex governs synapse maturation and anxiogenic avoidance via synaptic protein phosphorylation. EMBO J 2024:10.1038/s44318-024-00252-9. [PMID: 39333774 DOI: 10.1038/s44318-024-00252-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The precise organization of pre- and postsynaptic terminals is crucial for normal synaptic function in the brain. In addition to its canonical role as a neurotrophin-3 receptor tyrosine kinase, postsynaptic TrkC promotes excitatory synapse organization through interaction with presynaptic receptor-type tyrosine phosphatase PTPσ. To isolate the synaptic organizer function of TrkC from its role as a neurotrophin-3 receptor, we generated mice carrying TrkC point mutations that selectively abolish PTPσ binding. The excitatory synapses in mutant mice had abnormal synaptic vesicle clustering and postsynaptic density elongation, more silent synapses, and fewer active synapses, which additionally exhibited enhanced basal transmission with impaired release probability. Alongside these phenotypes, we observed aberrant synaptic protein phosphorylation, but no differences in the neurotrophin signaling pathway. Consistent with reports linking these aberrantly phosphorylated proteins to neuropsychiatric disorders, mutant TrkC knock-in mice displayed impaired social responses and increased avoidance behavior. Thus, through its regulation of synaptic protein phosphorylation, the TrkC-PTPσ complex is crucial for the maturation, but not formation, of excitatory synapses in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husam Khaled
- Synapse Development and Plasticity Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Zahra Ghasemi
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Mai Inagaki
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan
| | - Kyle Patel
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Yusuke Naito
- Synapse Development and Plasticity Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B2, Canada
| | - Benjamin Feller
- Synapse Development and Plasticity Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Nayoung Yi
- Synapse Development and Plasticity Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Farin B Bourojeni
- Neural Circuit Development Laboratory, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Alfred Kihoon Lee
- Synapse Development and Plasticity Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B2, Canada
| | - Nicolas Chofflet
- Synapse Development and Plasticity Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B2, Canada
| | - Artur Kania
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B2, Canada
- Neural Circuit Development Laboratory, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Hidetaka Kosako
- Division of Cell Signaling, Fujii Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Masanori Tachikawa
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan.
| | - Steven Connor
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada.
| | - Hideto Takahashi
- Synapse Development and Plasticity Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada.
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada.
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B2, Canada.
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada.
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3
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Campbell KR, Hallada LP, Huang YS, Solecki DJ. From Blur to Brilliance: The Ascendance of Advanced Microscopy in Neuronal Cell Biology. Annu Rev Neurosci 2024; 47:235-253. [PMID: 38608643 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-neuro-111020-090208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The intricate network of the brain's neurons and synapses poses unparalleled challenges for research, distinct from other biological studies. This is particularly true when dissecting how neurons and their functional units work at a cell biological level. While traditional microscopy has been foundational, it was unable to reveal the deeper complexities of neural interactions. However, an imaging renaissance has transformed our capabilities. Advancements in light and electron microscopy, combined with correlative imaging, now achieve unprecedented resolutions, uncovering the most nuanced neural structures. Maximizing these tools requires more than just technical proficiency. It is crucial to align research aims, allocate resources wisely, and analyze data effectively. At the heart of this evolution is interdisciplinary collaboration, where various experts come together to translate detailed imagery into significant biological insights. This review navigates the latest developments in microscopy, underscoring both the promise of and prerequisites for bending this powerful tool set to understanding neuronal cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirby R Campbell
- Neuronal Cell Biology Division, Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA;
| | - Liam P Hallada
- St. Jude Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Neuronal Cell Biology Division, Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA;
| | - Yu-Shan Huang
- Neuronal Cell Biology Division, Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA;
| | - David J Solecki
- Neuronal Cell Biology Division, Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA;
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4
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Asmerian H, Alberts J, Sanetra AM, Diaz AJ, Silm K. Role of adaptor protein complexes in generating functionally distinct synaptic vesicle pools. J Physiol 2024. [PMID: 39034608 DOI: 10.1113/jp286179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The synaptic vesicle (SV) cycle ensures the release of neurotransmitters and the replenishment of SVs to sustain neuronal activity. Multiple endocytosis and sorting pathways contribute to the recapture of the SV membrane and proteins after fusion. Adaptor protein (AP) complexes are among the critical components of the SV retrieval machinery. The canonical clathrin adaptor AP2 ensures the replenishment of most SVs across many neuronal populations. An alternative AP1/AP3-dependent process mediates the formation of a subset of SVs that differ from AP2 vesicles in molecular composition and respond preferentially during higher frequency firing. Furthermore, recent studies show that vesicular transporters for different neurotransmitters depend to a different extent on the AP3 pathway and this affects the release properties of the respective neurotransmitters. This review focuses on the current understanding of the AP-dependent molecular and functional diversity among SVs. We also discuss the contribution of these pathways to the regulation of neurotransmitter release across neuronal populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hrach Asmerian
- Center for Neural Science and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jacob Alberts
- Center for Neural Science and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anna M Sanetra
- Center for Neural Science and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alexia J Diaz
- Center for Neural Science and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Katlin Silm
- Center for Neural Science and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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5
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Manning A, Bender PTR, Boyd-Pratt H, Mendelson BZ, Hruska M, Anderson CT. Trans-synaptic Association of Vesicular Zinc Transporter 3 and Shank3 Supports Synapse-Specific Dendritic Spine Structure and Function in the Mouse Auditory Cortex. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e0619242024. [PMID: 38830758 PMCID: PMC11236586 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0619-24.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Shank3 is a synaptic scaffolding protein that assists in tethering and organizing structural proteins and glutamatergic receptors in the postsynaptic density of excitatory synapses. The localization of Shank3 at excitatory synapses and the formation of stable Shank3 complexes is regulated by the binding of zinc to the C-terminal sterile-alpha-motif (SAM) domain of Shank3. Mutations in the SAM domain of Shank3 result in altered synaptic function and morphology, and disruption of zinc in synapses that express Shank3 leads to a reduction of postsynaptic proteins important for synaptic structure and function. This suggests that zinc supports the localization of postsynaptic proteins via Shank3. Many regions of the brain are highly enriched with free zinc inside glutamatergic vesicles at presynaptic terminals. At these synapses, zinc transporter 3 (ZnT3) moves zinc into vesicles where it is co-released with glutamate. Alterations in ZnT3 are implicated in multiple neurodevelopmental disorders, and ZnT3 knock-out (KO) mice-which lack synaptic zinc-show behavioral deficits associated with autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia. Here we show that male and female ZnT3 KO mice have smaller dendritic spines and miniature excitatory postsynaptic current amplitudes than wildtype (WT) mice in the auditory cortex. Additionally, spine size deficits in ZnT3 KO mice are restricted to synapses that express Shank3. In WT mice, synapses that express both Shank3 and ZnT3 have larger spines compared to synapses that express Shank3 but not ZnT3. Together these findings suggest a mechanism whereby presynaptic ZnT3-dependent zinc supports postsynaptic structure and function via Shank3 in a synapse-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbey Manning
- Department of Neuroscience, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506
- Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506
| | - Philip T R Bender
- Department of Neuroscience, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506
- Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506
| | - Helen Boyd-Pratt
- Department of Neuroscience, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506
- Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506
| | - Benjamin Z Mendelson
- Department of Neuroscience, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506
- Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506
| | - Martin Hruska
- Department of Neuroscience, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506
- Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506
| | - Charles T Anderson
- Department of Neuroscience, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506
- Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506
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6
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Oliver Goral R, Lamb PW, Yakel JL. Acetylcholine Neurons Become Cholinergic during Three Time Windows in the Developing Mouse Brain. eNeuro 2024; 11:ENEURO.0542-23.2024. [PMID: 38942474 PMCID: PMC11253243 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0542-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Acetylcholine (ACh) neurons in the central nervous system are required for the coordination of neural network activity during higher brain functions, such as attention, learning, and memory, as well as locomotion. Disturbed cholinergic signaling has been described in many neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Furthermore, cotransmission of other signaling molecules, such as glutamate and GABA, with ACh has been associated with essential roles in brain function or disease. However, it is unknown when ACh neurons become cholinergic during development. Thus, understanding the timeline of how the cholinergic system develops and becomes active in the healthy brain is a crucial part of understanding brain development. To study this, we used transgenic mice to selectively label ACh neurons with tdTomato. We imaged serial sectioned brains and generated whole-brain reconstructions at different time points during pre- and postnatal development. We found three crucial time windows-two in the prenatal and one in the postnatal brain-during which most ACh neuron populations become cholinergic in the brain. We also found that cholinergic gene expression is initiated in cortical ACh interneurons, while the cerebral cortex is innervated by cholinergic projection neurons from the basal forebrain. Taken together, we show that ACh neuron populations are present and become cholinergic before postnatal day 12, which is the onset of major sensory processes, such as hearing and vision. We conclude that the birth of ACh neurons and initiation of cholinergic gene expression are temporally separated during development but highly coordinated by brain anatomical structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene Oliver Goral
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
- Center on Compulsive Behaviors, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Patricia W Lamb
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Jerrel L Yakel
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
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7
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Zong R, Zhang X, Dong X, Liu G, Zhang J, Gao Y, Zhang Z, Ma Y, Gao H, Gamper N. Genetic deletion of zinc transporter ZnT 3 induces progressive cognitive deficits in mice by impairing dendritic spine plasticity and glucose metabolism. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1375925. [PMID: 38807922 PMCID: PMC11130425 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1375925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Zinc transporter 3 (ZnT3) is abundantly expressed in the brain, residing in synaptic vesicles, where it plays important roles in controlling the luminal zinc levels. In this study, we found that ZnT3 knockout in mice decreased zinc levels in the hippocampus and cortex, and was associated with progressive cognitive impairments, assessed at 2, 6, and 9-month of age. The results of Golgi-Cox staining demonstrated that ZnT3 deficiency was associated with an increase in dendritic complexity and a decrease in the density of mature dendritic spines, indicating potential synaptic plasticity deficit. Since ZnT3 deficiency was previously linked to glucose metabolism abnormalities, we tested the expression levels of genes related to insulin signaling pathway in the hippocampus and cortex. We found that the Expression of glucose transporters, GLUT3, GLUT4, and the insulin receptor in the whole tissue and synaptosome fraction of the hippocampus of the ZnT3 knockout mice were significantly reduced, as compared to wild-type controls. Expression of AKT (A serine/threonine protein kinase) and insulin-induced AKT phosphorylation was also reduced in the hippocampus of ZnT3 knockout mice. We hypothesize that the ZnT3 deficiency and reduced brain zinc levels may cause cognitive impairment by negatively affecting glycose metabolism via decreased expression of key components of insulin signaling, as well as via changes in synaptic plasticity. These finding may provide new therapeutic target for treatments of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zong
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Innovative Drug Research and Evaluation, Institute of Medical Science and Health, The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoding Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Innovative Drug Research and Evaluation, Institute of Medical Science and Health, The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaohui Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Innovative Drug Research and Evaluation, Institute of Medical Science and Health, The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Guan Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Innovative Drug Research and Evaluation, Institute of Medical Science and Health, The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jieyao Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Innovative Drug Research and Evaluation, Institute of Medical Science and Health, The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yiting Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Innovative Drug Research and Evaluation, Institute of Medical Science and Health, The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Zhongyang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Innovative Drug Research and Evaluation, Institute of Medical Science and Health, The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yiming Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Innovative Drug Research and Evaluation, Institute of Medical Science and Health, The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Haixia Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Innovative Drug Research and Evaluation, Institute of Medical Science and Health, The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Nikita Gamper
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Innovative Drug Research and Evaluation, Institute of Medical Science and Health, The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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8
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Binotti B, Ninov M, Cepeda AP, Ganzella M, Matti U, Riedel D, Urlaub H, Sambandan S, Jahn R. ATG9 resides on a unique population of small vesicles in presynaptic nerve terminals. Autophagy 2024; 20:883-901. [PMID: 37881948 PMCID: PMC11062364 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2274204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In neurons, autophagosome biogenesis occurs mainly in distal axons, followed by maturation during retrograde transport. Autophagosomal growth depends on the supply of membrane lipids which requires small vesicles containing ATG9, a lipid scramblase essential for macroautophagy/autophagy. Here, we show that ATG9-containing vesicles are enriched in synapses and resemble synaptic vesicles in size and density. The proteome of ATG9-containing vesicles immuno-isolated from nerve terminals showed conspicuously low levels of trafficking proteins except of the AP2-complex and some enzymes involved in endosomal phosphatidylinositol metabolism. Super resolution microscopy of nerve terminals and isolated vesicles revealed that ATG9-containing vesicles represent a distinct vesicle population with limited overlap not only with synaptic vesicles but also other membranes of the secretory pathway, uncovering a surprising heterogeneity in their membrane composition. Our results are compatible with the view that ATG9-containing vesicles function as lipid shuttles that scavenge membrane lipids from various intracellular membranes to support autophagosome biogenesis.Abbreviations: AP: adaptor related protein complex: ATG2: autophagy related 2; ATG9: autophagy related 9; DNA PAINT: DNA-based point accumulation for imaging in nanoscale topography; DyMIN STED: dynamic minimum stimulated emission depletion; EL: endosome and lysosome; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; GA: Golgi apparatus; iBAQ: intensity based absolute quantification; LAMP: lysosomal-associated membrane protein; M6PR: mannose-6-phosphate receptor, cation dependent; Minflux: minimal photon fluxes; Mito: mitochondria; MS: mass spectrometry; PAS: phagophore assembly site; PM: plasma membrane; Px: peroxisome; RAB26: RAB26, member RAS oncogene family; RAB3A: RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family; RAB5A: RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family; SNARE: soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive-factor attachment receptor; SVs: synaptic vesicles; SYP: synaptophysin; TGN: trans-Golgi network; TRAPP: transport protein particle; VTI1: vesicle transport through interaction with t-SNAREs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beyenech Binotti
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Momchil Ninov
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Bioanalytics, Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andreia P. Cepeda
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marcelo Ganzella
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ulf Matti
- Abberior Instruments GmbH, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dietmar Riedel
- Facility for Transmission Electron Microscopy, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Henning Urlaub
- Bioanalytics, Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Multiscale Bioimaging : from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells” (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sivakumar Sambandan
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Synaptic Metal Ion Dynamics and Signalin, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Reinhard Jahn
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
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9
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Yang X, Li W, Ding M, Liu KJ, Qi Z, Zhao Y. Contribution of zinc accumulation to ischemic brain injury and its mechanisms about oxidative stress, inflammation, and autophagy: an update. Metallomics 2024; 16:mfae012. [PMID: 38419293 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfae012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, and presently, there is no effective neuroprotective therapy. Zinc is an essential trace element that plays important physiological roles in the central nervous system. Free zinc concentration is tightly regulated by zinc-related proteins in the brain under normal conditions. Disruption of zinc homeostasis, however, has been found to play an important role in the mechanism of brain injury following ischemic stroke. A large of free zinc releases from storage sites after cerebral ischemia, which affects the functions and survival of nerve cells, including neurons, astrocytes, and microglia, resulting in cell death. Ischemia-triggered intracellular zinc accumulation also disrupts the function of blood-brain barrier via increasing its permeability, impairing endothelial cell function, and altering tight junction levels. Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation have been reported to be as major pathological mechanisms in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Studies have showed that the accumulation of intracellular free zinc could impair mitochondrial function to result in oxidative stress, and form a positive feedback loop between zinc accumulation and reactive oxygen species production, which leads to a series of harmful reactions. Meanwhile, elevated intracellular zinc leads to neuroinflammation. Recent studies also showed that autophagy is one of the important mechanisms of zinc toxicity after ischemic injury. Interrupting the accumulation of zinc will reduce cerebral ischemia injury and improve neurological outcomes. This review summarizes the role of zinc toxicity in cellular and tissue damage following cerebral ischemia, focusing on the mechanisms about oxidative stress, inflammation, and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqi Yang
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing 100053, China
- Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Wei Li
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing 100053, China
- Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Mao Ding
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Ke Jian Liu
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Zhifeng Qi
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing 100053, China
- Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yongmei Zhao
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing 100053, China
- Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center, Beijing 100053, China
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10
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Gopal N, Leitz J, Wang C, Esquivies L, Pfuetzner RA, Brunger AT. A new method for isolation and purification of fusion-competent inhibitory synaptic vesicles. Curr Res Physiol 2024; 7:100121. [PMID: 38572021 PMCID: PMC10990708 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphys.2024.100121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Synaptic vesicles specific to inhibitory GABA-releasing neurons are critical for regulating neuronal excitability. To study the specific molecular composition, architecture, and function of inhibitory synaptic vesicles, we have developed a new method to isolate and purify GABA synaptic vesicles from mouse brains. GABA synaptic vesicles were immunoisolated from mouse brain tissue using an engineered fragment antigen-binding region (Fab) against the vesicular GABA transporter (vGAT) and purified. Western blot analysis confirmed that the GABA synaptic vesicles were specifically enriched for vGAT and largely depleted of contaminants from other synaptic vesicle types, such as vesicular glutamate transporter (vGLUT1), and other cellular organelles. This degree of purity was achieved despite the relatively low abundance of vGAT vesicles compared to the total synaptic vesicle pool in mammalian brains. Cryo-electron microscopy images of these isolated GABA synaptic vesicles revealed intact morphology with circular shape and protruding proteinaceous densities. The GABA synaptic vesicles are functional, as assessed by a hybrid (ex vivo/in vitro) vesicle fusion assay, and they undergo synchronized fusion with synthetic plasma membrane mimic vesicles in response to Ca2+-triggering, but, as a negative control, not to Mg2+-triggering. Our immunoisolation method could also be applied to other types of vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Gopal
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
- Department of Photon Science, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - Jeremy Leitz
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
- Department of Photon Science, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - Chuchu Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
- Department of Photon Science, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - Luis Esquivies
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
- Department of Photon Science, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - Richard A. Pfuetzner
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
- Department of Photon Science, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - Axel T. Brunger
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
- Department of Photon Science, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
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11
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Bizup B, Brutsaert S, Cunningham CL, Thathiah A, Tzounopoulos T. Cochlear zinc signaling dysregulation is associated with noise-induced hearing loss, and zinc chelation enhances cochlear recovery. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2310561121. [PMID: 38354264 PMCID: PMC10895357 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310561121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Exposure to loud noise triggers sensory organ damage and degeneration that, in turn, leads to hearing loss. Despite the troublesome impact of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) in individuals and societies, treatment strategies that protect and restore hearing are few and insufficient. As such, identification and mechanistic understanding of the signaling pathways involved in NIHL are required. Biological zinc is mostly bound to proteins, where it plays major structural or catalytic roles; however, there is also a pool of unbound, mobile (labile) zinc. Labile zinc is mostly found in vesicles in secretory tissues, where it is released and plays a critical signaling role. In the brain, labile zinc fine-tunes neurotransmission and sensory processing. However, injury-induced dysregulation of labile zinc signaling contributes to neurodegeneration. Here, we tested whether zinc dysregulation occurs and contributes to NIHL in mice. We found that ZnT3, the vesicular zinc transporter responsible for loading zinc into vesicles, is expressed in cochlear hair cells and the spiral limbus, with labile zinc also present in the same areas. Soon after noise trauma, ZnT3 and zinc levels are significantly increased, and their subcellular localization is vastly altered. Disruption of zinc signaling, either via ZnT3 deletion or pharmacological zinc chelation, mitigated NIHL, as evidenced by enhanced auditory brainstem responses, distortion product otoacoustic emissions, and number of hair cell synapses. These data reveal that noise-induced zinc dysregulation is associated with cochlear dysfunction and recovery after NIHL, and point to zinc chelation as a potential treatment for mitigating NIHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Bizup
- Pittsburgh Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA15261
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA15261
| | - Sofie Brutsaert
- Pittsburgh Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA15261
| | - Christopher L. Cunningham
- Pittsburgh Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA15261
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA15261
| | - Amantha Thathiah
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA15261
| | - Thanos Tzounopoulos
- Pittsburgh Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA15261
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA15261
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12
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Chen B, Yu P, Chan WN, Xie F, Zhang Y, Liang L, Leung KT, Lo KW, Yu J, Tse GMK, Kang W, To KF. Cellular zinc metabolism and zinc signaling: from biological functions to diseases and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:6. [PMID: 38169461 PMCID: PMC10761908 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01679-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Zinc metabolism at the cellular level is critical for many biological processes in the body. A key observation is the disruption of cellular homeostasis, often coinciding with disease progression. As an essential factor in maintaining cellular equilibrium, cellular zinc has been increasingly spotlighted in the context of disease development. Extensive research suggests zinc's involvement in promoting malignancy and invasion in cancer cells, despite its low tissue concentration. This has led to a growing body of literature investigating zinc's cellular metabolism, particularly the functions of zinc transporters and storage mechanisms during cancer progression. Zinc transportation is under the control of two major transporter families: SLC30 (ZnT) for the excretion of zinc and SLC39 (ZIP) for the zinc intake. Additionally, the storage of this essential element is predominantly mediated by metallothioneins (MTs). This review consolidates knowledge on the critical functions of cellular zinc signaling and underscores potential molecular pathways linking zinc metabolism to disease progression, with a special focus on cancer. We also compile a summary of clinical trials involving zinc ions. Given the main localization of zinc transporters at the cell membrane, the potential for targeted therapies, including small molecules and monoclonal antibodies, offers promising avenues for future exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonan Chen
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peiyao Yu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wai Nok Chan
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fuda Xie
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yigan Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Li Liang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kam Tong Leung
- Department of Pediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kwok Wai Lo
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gary M K Tse
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Kang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Ka Fai To
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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13
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Fan YG, Wu TY, Zhao LX, Jia RJ, Ren H, Hou WJ, Wang ZY. From zinc homeostasis to disease progression: Unveiling the neurodegenerative puzzle. Pharmacol Res 2024; 199:107039. [PMID: 38123108 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.107039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Zinc is a crucial trace element in the human body, playing a role in various physiological processes such as oxidative stress, neurotransmission, protein synthesis, and DNA repair. The zinc transporters (ZnTs) family members are responsible for exporting intracellular zinc, while Zrt- and Irt-like proteins (ZIPs) are involved in importing extracellular zinc. These processes are essential for maintaining cellular zinc homeostasis. Imbalances in zinc metabolism have been linked to the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Disruptions in zinc levels can impact the survival and activity of neurons, thereby contributing to the progression of neurodegenerative diseases through mechanisms like cell apoptosis regulation, protein phase separation, ferroptosis, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. Therefore, conducting a systematic review of the regulatory network of zinc and investigating the relationship between zinc dysmetabolism and neurodegenerative diseases can enhance our understanding of the pathogenesis of these diseases. Additionally, it may offer new insights and approaches for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Gang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Ting-Yao Wu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, China
| | - Ling-Xiao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Rong-Jun Jia
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Hang Ren
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Wen-Jia Hou
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Zhan-You Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
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14
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Mony L, Paoletti P. Mechanisms of NMDA receptor regulation. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2023; 83:102815. [PMID: 37988826 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2023.102815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are glutamate-gated ion channels widely expressed in the central nervous system that play key role in brain development and plasticity. On the downside, NMDAR dysfunction, be it hyperactivity or hypofunction, is harmful to neuronal function and has emerged as a common theme in various neuropsychiatric disorders including autism spectrum disorders, epilepsy, intellectual disability, and schizophrenia. Not surprisingly, NMDAR signaling is under a complex set of regulatory mechanisms that maintain NMDAR-mediated transmission in check. These include an unusual large number of endogenous agents that directly bind NMDARs and tune their activity in a subunit-dependent manner. Here, we review current knowledge on the regulation of NMDAR signaling. We focus on the regulation of the receptor by its microenvironment as well as by external (i.e. pharmacological) factors and their underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms. Recent developments showing how NMDAR dysregulation participate to disease mechanisms are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Mony
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, CNRS, INSERM, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - Pierre Paoletti
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, CNRS, INSERM, F-75005 Paris, France.
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15
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Liu Z, Xue J, Liu C, Tang J, Wu S, Lin J, Han J, Zhang Q, Wu C, Huang H, Zhao L, Zhuo Y, Li Y. Selective deletion of zinc transporter 3 in amacrine cells promotes retinal ganglion cell survival and optic nerve regeneration after injury. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:2773-2780. [PMID: 37449644 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.373660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Vision depends on accurate signal conduction from the retina to the brain through the optic nerve, an important part of the central nervous system that consists of bundles of axons originating from retinal ganglion cells. The mammalian optic nerve, an important part of the central nervous system, cannot regenerate once it is injured, leading to permanent vision loss. To date, there is no clinical treatment that can regenerate the optic nerve and restore vision. Our previous study found that the mobile zinc (Zn2+) level increased rapidly after optic nerve injury in the retina, specifically in the vesicles of the inner plexiform layer. Furthermore, chelating Zn2+ significantly promoted axonal regeneration with a long-term effect. In this study, we conditionally knocked out zinc transporter 3 (ZnT3) in amacrine cells or retinal ganglion cells to construct two transgenic mouse lines (VGATCreZnT3fl/fl and VGLUT2CreZnT3fl/fl, respectively). We obtained direct evidence that the rapidly increased mobile Zn2+ in response to injury was from amacrine cells. We also found that selective deletion of ZnT3 in amacrine cells promoted retinal ganglion cell survival and axonal regeneration after optic nerve crush injury, improved retinal ganglion cell function, and promoted vision recovery. Sequencing analysis of reginal ganglion cells revealed that inhibiting the release of presynaptic Zn2+ affected the transcription of key genes related to the survival of retinal ganglion cells in postsynaptic neurons, regulated the synaptic connection between amacrine cells and retinal ganglion cells, and affected the fate of retinal ganglion cells. These results suggest that amacrine cells release Zn2+ to trigger transcriptomic changes related to neuronal growth and survival in reginal ganglion cells, thereby influencing the synaptic plasticity of retinal networks. These results make the theory of zinc-dependent retinal ganglion cell death more accurate and complete and provide new insights into the complex interactions between retinal cell networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China, Guangzhou
| | - Jingfei Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China, Guangzhou
| | - Canying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China, Guangzhou
| | - Jiahui Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China, Guangzhou
| | - Siting Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China, Guangzhou
| | - Jicheng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China, Guangzhou
| | - Jiaxu Han
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China, Guangzhou
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China, Guangzhou
| | - Caiqing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China, Guangzhou
| | - Haishun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China, Guangzhou
| | - Ling Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China, Guangzhou
| | - Yehong Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China, Guangzhou
| | - Yiqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China, Guangzhou
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16
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Cortese K, Gagliani MC, Raiteri L. Interactions between Glycine and Glutamate through Activation of Their Transporters in Hippocampal Nerve Terminals. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3152. [PMID: 38137373 PMCID: PMC10740625 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence supports the pathophysiological relevance of crosstalk between the neurotransmitters Glycine and Glutamate and their close interactions; some reports even support the possibility of Glycine-Glutamate cotransmission in central nervous system (CNS) areas, including the hippocampus. Functional studies with isolated nerve terminals (synaptosomes) permit us to study transporter-mediated interactions between neurotransmitters that lead to the regulation of transmitter release. Our main aims here were: (i) to investigate release-regulating, transporter-mediated interactions between Glycine and Glutamate in hippocampal nerve terminals and (ii) to determine the coexistence of transporters for Glycine and Glutamate in these terminals. Purified synaptosomes, analyzed at the ultrastructural level via electron microscopy, were used as the experimental model. Mouse hippocampal synaptosomes were prelabeled with [3H]D-Aspartate or [3H]Glycine; the release of radiolabeled tracers was monitored with the superfusion technique. The main findings were that (i) exogenous Glycine stimulated [3H]D-Aspartate release, partly by activation of GlyT1 and in part, unusually, through GlyT2 transporters and that (ii) D-Aspartate stimulated [3H]glycine release by a process that was sensitive to Glutamate transporter blockers. Based on the features of the experimental model used, it is suggested that functional transporters for Glutamate and Glycine coexist in a small subset of hippocampal nerve terminals, a condition that may also be compatible with cotransmission; glycinergic and glutamatergic transporters exhibit different functions and mediate interactions between the neurotransmitters. It is hoped that increased information on Glutamate-Glycine interactions in different areas, including the hippocampus, will contribute to a better knowledge of drugs acting at "glycinergic" targets, currently under study in relation with different CNS pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Cortese
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), Cellular Electron Microscopy Lab, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (K.C.); (M.C.G.)
| | - Maria Cristina Gagliani
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), Cellular Electron Microscopy Lab, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (K.C.); (M.C.G.)
| | - Luca Raiteri
- Department of Pharmacy (DIFAR), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Genoa, 16148 Genoa, Italy
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17
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Wallace ML, Sabatini BL. Synaptic and circuit functions of multitransmitter neurons in the mammalian brain. Neuron 2023; 111:2969-2983. [PMID: 37463580 PMCID: PMC10592565 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Neurons in the mammalian brain are not limited to releasing a single neurotransmitter but often release multiple neurotransmitters onto postsynaptic cells. Here, we review recent findings of multitransmitter neurons found throughout the mammalian central nervous system. We highlight recent technological innovations that have made the identification of new multitransmitter neurons and the study of their synaptic properties possible. We also focus on mechanisms and molecular constituents required for neurotransmitter corelease at the axon terminal and synaptic vesicle, as well as some possible functions of multitransmitter neurons in diverse brain circuits. We expect that these approaches will lead to new insights into the mechanism and function of multitransmitter neurons, their role in circuits, and their contribution to normal and pathological brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L Wallace
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Bernardo L Sabatini
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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18
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Costello H, Yamamori Y, Reeves S, Schrag AE, Howard R, Roiser JP. Longitudinal decline in striatal dopamine transporter binding in Parkinson's disease: associations with apathy and anhedonia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2023; 94:863-870. [PMID: 37221053 PMCID: PMC10511995 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2022-330790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Motivational symptoms such as apathy and anhedonia are common in Parkinson's disease (PD), respond poorly to treatment, and are hypothesised to share underlying neural mechanisms. Striatal dopaminergic dysfunction is considered central to motivational symptoms in PD but the association has never been examined longitudinally. We investigated whether progression of dopaminergic dysfunction was associated with emergent apathy and anhedonia symptoms in PD. METHODS Longitudinal cohort study of 412 newly diagnosed patients with PD followed over 5 years as part of the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative cohort.Apathy and anhedonia were measured using a composite score derived from relevant items of the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) and part I of the MDS-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale. Dopaminergic neurodegeneration was measured using repeated striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging. RESULTS Linear mixed-effects modelling across all contemporaneous data points identified a significant negative relationship between striatal DAT specific binding ratio (SBR) and apathy/anhedonia symptoms, which emerged as PD progressed (interaction:β=-0.09, 95% CI (-0.15 to -0.03), p=0.002). Appearance and subsequent worsening of apathy/anhedonia symptoms began on average 2 years after diagnosis and below a threshold striatal DAT SBR level. The interaction between striatal DAT SBR and time was specific to apathy/anhedonia symptoms, with no evidence of a similar interaction for general depressive symptoms from the GDS-15 (excluding apathy/anhedonia items) (β=-0.06, 95% CI (-0.13 to 0.01)) or motor symptoms (β=0.20, 95% CI (-0.25 to 0.65)). CONCLUSIONS Our findings support a central role for dopaminergic dysfunction in motivational symptoms in PD. Striatal DAT imaging may be a useful indicator of apathy/anhedonia risk that could inform intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry Costello
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK
| | - Yumeya Yamamori
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK
| | - Suzanne Reeves
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Robert Howard
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jonathan P Roiser
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK
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19
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Bender PTR, McCollum M, Boyd-Pratt H, Mendelson BZ, Anderson CT. Synaptic zinc potentiates AMPA receptor function in mouse auditory cortex. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112932. [PMID: 37585291 PMCID: PMC10514716 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Synaptic zinc signaling modulates synaptic activity and is present in specific populations of cortical neurons, suggesting that synaptic zinc contributes to the diversity of intracortical synaptic microcircuits and their functional specificity. To understand the role of zinc signaling in the cortex, we performed whole-cell patch-clamp recordings from intratelencephalic (IT)-type neurons and pyramidal tract (PT)-type neurons in layer 5 of the mouse auditory cortex during optogenetic stimulation of specific classes of presynaptic neurons. Our results show that synaptic zinc potentiates AMPA receptor (AMPAR) function in a synapse-specific manner. We performed in vivo 2-photon calcium imaging of the same classes of neurons in awake mice and found that changes in synaptic zinc can widen or sharpen the sound-frequency tuning bandwidth of IT-type neurons but only widen the tuning bandwidth of PT-type neurons. These results provide evidence for synapse- and cell-type-specific actions of synaptic zinc in the cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip T R Bender
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Mason McCollum
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Helen Boyd-Pratt
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Benjamin Z Mendelson
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Charles T Anderson
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
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20
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Kouvaros S, Bizup B, Solis O, Kumar M, Ventriglia E, Curry FP, Michaelides M, Tzounopoulos T. A CRE/DRE dual recombinase transgenic mouse reveals synaptic zinc-mediated thalamocortical neuromodulation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf3525. [PMID: 37294760 PMCID: PMC10256168 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf3525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Synaptic zinc is a neuromodulator that shapes synaptic transmission and sensory processing. The maintenance of synaptic zinc is dependent on the vesicular zinc transporter, ZnT3. Hence, the ZnT3 knockout mouse has been a key tool for studying the mechanisms and functions of synaptic zinc. However, the use of this constitutive knockout mouse has notable limitations, including developmental, compensatory, and brain and cell type specificity issues. To overcome these limitations, we developed and characterized a dual recombinase transgenic mouse, which combines the Cre and Dre recombinase systems. This mouse allows for tamoxifen-inducible Cre-dependent expression of exogenous genes or knockout of floxed genes in ZnT3-expressing neurons and DreO-dependent region and cell type-specific conditional ZnT3 knockout in adult mice. Using this system, we reveal a neuromodulatory mechanism whereby zinc release from thalamic neurons modulates N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor activity in layer 5 pyramidal tract neurons, unmasking previously unknown features of cortical neuromodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stylianos Kouvaros
- Pittsburgh Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Brandon Bizup
- Pittsburgh Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Oscar Solis
- Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Pittsburgh Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Emilya Ventriglia
- Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Fallon P. Curry
- Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Michael Michaelides
- Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Thanos Tzounopoulos
- Pittsburgh Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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21
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Weber M, von der Emde H, Leutenegger M, Gunkel P, Sambandan S, Khan TA, Keller-Findeisen J, Cordes VC, Hell SW. MINSTED nanoscopy enters the Ångström localization range. Nat Biotechnol 2023; 41:569-576. [PMID: 36344840 PMCID: PMC10110459 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-022-01519-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Super-resolution techniques have achieved localization precisions in the nanometer regime. Here we report all-optical, room temperature localization of fluorophores with precision in the Ångström range. We built on the concept of MINSTED nanoscopy where precision is increased by encircling the fluorophore with the low-intensity central region of a stimulated emission depletion (STED) donut beam while constantly increasing the absolute donut power. By blue-shifting the STED beam and separating fluorophores by on/off switching, individual fluorophores bound to a DNA strand are localized with σ = 4.7 Å, corresponding to a fraction of the fluorophore size, with only 2,000 detected photons. MINSTED fluorescence nanoscopy with single-digit nanometer resolution is exemplified by imaging nuclear pore complexes and the distribution of nuclear lamin in mammalian cells labeled by transient DNA hybridization. Because our experiments yield a localization precision σ = 2.3 Å, estimated for 10,000 detected photons, we anticipate that MINSTED will open up new areas of application in the study of macromolecular complexes in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Weber
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Henrik von der Emde
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marcel Leutenegger
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Philip Gunkel
- Department of Cellular Logistics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sivakumar Sambandan
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Synaptic Metal Ion Dynamics and Signaling, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Taukeer A Khan
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jan Keller-Findeisen
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Volker C Cordes
- Department of Cellular Logistics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan W Hell
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany.
- Department of Optical Nanoscopy, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg, Germany.
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22
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Ananth MR, Rajebhosale P, Kim R, Talmage DA, Role LW. Basal forebrain cholinergic signalling: development, connectivity and roles in cognition. Nat Rev Neurosci 2023; 24:233-251. [PMID: 36823458 PMCID: PMC10439770 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-023-00677-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Acetylcholine plays an essential role in fundamental aspects of cognition. Studies that have mapped the activity and functional connectivity of cholinergic neurons have shown that the axons of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons innervate the pallium with far more topographical and functional organization than was historically appreciated. Together with the results of studies using new probes that allow release of acetylcholine to be detected with high spatial and temporal resolution, these findings have implicated cholinergic networks in 'binding' diverse behaviours that contribute to cognition. Here, we review recent findings on the developmental origins, connectivity and function of cholinergic neurons, and explore the participation of cholinergic signalling in the encoding of cognition-related behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mala R Ananth
- Section on Circuits, Synapses, and Molecular Signalling, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Prithviraj Rajebhosale
- Section on Genetics of Neuronal Signalling, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ronald Kim
- Section on Genetics of Neuronal Signalling, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David A Talmage
- Section on Genetics of Neuronal Signalling, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lorna W Role
- Section on Circuits, Synapses, and Molecular Signalling, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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23
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Wu T, Kumar M, Zhang J, Zhao S, Drobizhev M, McCollum M, Anderson CT, Wang Y, Pokorny A, Tian X, Zhang Y, Tzounopoulos T, Ai HW. A genetically encoded far-red fluorescent indicator for imaging synaptically released Zn 2. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadd2058. [PMID: 36857451 PMCID: PMC9977179 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add2058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Synaptic zinc ion (Zn2+) has emerged as a key neuromodulator in the brain. However, the lack of research tools for directly tracking synaptic Zn2+ in the brain of awake animals hinders our rigorous understanding of the physiological and pathological roles of synaptic Zn2+. In this study, we developed a genetically encoded far-red fluorescent indicator for monitoring synaptic Zn2+ dynamics in the nervous system. Our engineered far-red fluorescent indicator for synaptic Zn2+ (FRISZ) displayed a substantial Zn2+-specific turn-on response and low-micromolar affinity. We genetically anchored FRISZ to the mammalian extracellular membrane via a transmembrane (TM) ⍺ helix and characterized the resultant FRISZ-TM construct at the mammalian cell surface. We used FRISZ-TM to image synaptic Zn2+ in the auditory cortex in acute brain slices and awake mice in response to electric and sound stimuli, respectively. Thus, this study establishes a technology for studying the roles of synaptic Zn2+ in the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianchen Wu
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, and Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Otolaryngology, Pittsburgh Hearing Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, and Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Shengyu Zhao
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, and Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Mikhail Drobizhev
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717-384, USA
| | - Mason McCollum
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Charles T. Anderson
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28403, USA
| | - Antje Pokorny
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28403, USA
| | - Xiaodong Tian
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, and Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Yiyu Zhang
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, and Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Thanos Tzounopoulos
- Department of Otolaryngology, Pittsburgh Hearing Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Hui-wang Ai
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, and Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
- The UVA Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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24
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Novel Genes Involved in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Data of Transcriptome and Methylome Profiling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315280. [PMID: 36499607 PMCID: PMC9739701 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited heart disease; its pathogenesis is still being intensively studied to explain the reasons for the significant genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity of the disease. To search for new genes involved in HCM development, we analyzed gene expression profiles coupled with DNA methylation profiles in the hypertrophied myocardia of HCM patients. The transcriptome analysis identified significant differences in the levels of 193 genes, most of which were underexpressed in HCM. The methylome analysis revealed 1755 nominally significant differentially methylated positions (DMPs), mostly hypomethylated in HCM. Based on gene ontology enrichment analysis, the majority of biological processes, overrepresented by both differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and DMP-containing genes, are involved in the regulation of locomotion and muscle structure development. The intersection of 193 DEGs and 978 DMP-containing genes pinpointed eight common genes, the expressions of which correlated with the methylation levels of the neighboring DMPs. Half of these genes (AUTS2, BRSK2, PRRT1, and SLC17A7), regulated by the mechanism of DNA methylation, were underexpressed in HCM and were involved in neurogenesis and synapse functioning. Our data, suggesting the involvement of innervation-associated genes in HCM, provide additional insights into disease pathogenesis and expand the field of further research.
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25
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Goral RO, Harper KM, Bernstein BJ, Fry SA, Lamb PW, Moy SS, Cushman JD, Yakel JL. Loss of GABA co-transmission from cholinergic neurons impairs behaviors related to hippocampal, striatal, and medial prefrontal cortex functions. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:1067409. [PMID: 36505727 PMCID: PMC9730538 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.1067409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Altered signaling or function of acetylcholine (ACh) has been reported in various neurological diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Tourette syndrome, epilepsy among others. Many neurons that release ACh also co-transmit the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyrate (GABA) at synapses in the hippocampus, striatum, substantia nigra, and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Although ACh transmission is crucial for higher brain functions such as learning and memory, the role of co-transmitted GABA from ACh neurons in brain function remains unknown. Thus, the overarching goal of this study was to investigate how a systemic loss of GABA co-transmission from ACh neurons affected the behavioral performance of mice. Methods: To do this, we used a conditional knock-out mouse of the vesicular GABA transporter (vGAT) crossed with the ChAT-Cre driver line to selectively ablate GABA co-transmission at ACh synapses. In a comprehensive series of standardized behavioral assays, we compared Cre-negative control mice with Cre-positive vGAT knock-out mice of both sexes. Results: Loss of GABA co-transmission from ACh neurons did not disrupt the animal's sociability, motor skills or sensation. However, in the absence of GABA co-transmission, we found significant alterations in social, spatial and fear memory as well as a reduced reliance on striatum-dependent response strategies in a T-maze. In addition, male conditional knockout (CKO) mice showed increased locomotion. Discussion: Taken together, the loss of GABA co-transmission leads to deficits in higher brain functions and behaviors. Therefore, we propose that ACh/GABA co-transmission modulates neural circuitry involved in the affected behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Oliver Goral
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC, United States,Center on Compulsive Behaviors, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Kathryn M. Harper
- Department of Psychiatry and Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Briana J. Bernstein
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC, United States,Department of Health and Human Services, Neurobehavioral Core, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Sydney A. Fry
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC, United States,Department of Health and Human Services, Neurobehavioral Core, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Patricia W. Lamb
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Sheryl S. Moy
- Department of Psychiatry and Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Jesse D. Cushman
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC, United States,Department of Health and Human Services, Neurobehavioral Core, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Jerrel L. Yakel
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC, United States,*Correspondence: Jerrel L. Yakel
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26
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Kosmidis E, Shuttle CG, Preobraschenski J, Ganzella M, Johnson PJ, Veshaguri S, Holmkvist J, Møller MP, Marantos O, Marcoline F, Grabe M, Pedersen JL, Jahn R, Stamou D. Regulation of the mammalian-brain V-ATPase through ultraslow mode-switching. Nature 2022; 611:827-834. [PMID: 36418452 PMCID: PMC11212661 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05472-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Vacuolar-type adenosine triphosphatases (V-ATPases)1-3 are electrogenic rotary mechanoenzymes structurally related to F-type ATP synthases4,5. They hydrolyse ATP to establish electrochemical proton gradients for a plethora of cellular processes1,3. In neurons, the loading of all neurotransmitters into synaptic vesicles is energized by about one V-ATPase molecule per synaptic vesicle6,7. To shed light on this bona fide single-molecule biological process, we investigated electrogenic proton-pumping by single mammalian-brain V-ATPases in single synaptic vesicles. Here we show that V-ATPases do not pump continuously in time, as suggested by observing the rotation of bacterial homologues8 and assuming strict ATP-proton coupling. Instead, they stochastically switch between three ultralong-lived modes: proton-pumping, inactive and proton-leaky. Notably, direct observation of pumping revealed that physiologically relevant concentrations of ATP do not regulate the intrinsic pumping rate. ATP regulates V-ATPase activity through the switching probability of the proton-pumping mode. By contrast, electrochemical proton gradients regulate the pumping rate and the switching of the pumping and inactive modes. A direct consequence of mode-switching is all-or-none stochastic fluctuations in the electrochemical gradient of synaptic vesicles that would be expected to introduce stochasticity in proton-driven secondary active loading of neurotransmitters and may thus have important implications for neurotransmission. This work reveals and emphasizes the mechanistic and biological importance of ultraslow mode-switching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleftherios Kosmidis
- Center for Geometrically Engineered Cellular Membranes, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christopher G Shuttle
- Center for Geometrically Engineered Cellular Membranes, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Julia Preobraschenski
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute for Auditory Neuroscience, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
- Multiscale Bioimaging Cluster of Excellence (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marcelo Ganzella
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Peter J Johnson
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Mathematics, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Salome Veshaguri
- Center for Geometrically Engineered Cellular Membranes, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novozymes A/S, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jesper Holmkvist
- Center for Geometrically Engineered Cellular Membranes, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mads P Møller
- Center for Geometrically Engineered Cellular Membranes, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Orestis Marantos
- Center for Geometrically Engineered Cellular Membranes, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Frank Marcoline
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michael Grabe
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jesper L Pedersen
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Reinhard Jahn
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dimitrios Stamou
- Center for Geometrically Engineered Cellular Membranes, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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27
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Krall R, Gale JR, Ross MM, Tzounopoulos T, Aizenman E. Intracellular zinc signaling influences NMDA receptor function by enhancing the interaction of ZnT1 with GluN2A. Neurosci Lett 2022; 790:136896. [PMID: 36202195 PMCID: PMC10153101 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Zinc, loaded into glutamate-containing presynaptic vesicles and released into the synapse in an activity-dependent manner, modulates neurotransmission through its actions on postsynaptic targets, prominently via high-affinity inhibition of GluN2A-containing NMDA receptors. Recently, we identified a postsynaptic transport mechanism that regulates endogenous zinc inhibition of NMDARs. In this new model of zinc regulation, the postsynaptic transporter ZnT1 mediates zinc inhibition of NMDARs by binding to GluN2A. Through this interaction, ZnT1, a transporter that moves zinc from the cytoplasm to the extracellular domain, generates a zinc microdomain that modulates NMDAR-mediated neurotransmission. As ZnT1 expression is transcriptionally driven by the metal-responsive transcription factor 1 (MTF-1), we found that intracellular zinc strongly drives MTF-1 in cortical neurons in vitro and increases the number of GluN2A-ZnT1 interactions, thereby enhancing tonic zinc inhibition of NMDAR-mediated currents. Importantly, this effect is absent when the interaction between GluN2A and ZnT1 is disrupted by a cell-permeable peptide. These results suggest that zinc-regulated gene expression can dynamically regulate NMDAR-mediated synaptic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Krall
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Pittsburgh Hearing Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jenna R Gale
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Madeline M Ross
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Thanos Tzounopoulos
- Pittsburgh Hearing Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Elias Aizenman
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Pittsburgh Hearing Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Cristofari P, Desplanque M, Poirel O, Hébert A, Dumas S, Herzog E, Danglot L, Geny D, Gilles JF, Geeverding A, Bolte S, Canette A, Trichet M, Fabre V, Daumas S, Pietrancosta N, El Mestikawy S, Bernard V. Nanoscopic distribution of VAChT and VGLUT3 in striatal cholinergic varicosities suggests colocalization and segregation of the two transporters in synaptic vesicles. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:991732. [PMID: 36176961 PMCID: PMC9513193 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.991732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Striatal cholinergic interneurons (CINs) use acetylcholine (ACh) and glutamate (Glut) to regulate the striatal network since they express vesicular transporters for ACh (VAChT) and Glut (VGLUT3). However, whether ACh and Glut are released simultaneously and/or independently from cholinergic varicosities is an open question. The answer to that question requires the multichannel detection of vesicular transporters at the level of single synaptic vesicle (SV). Here, we used super-resolution STimulated Emission Depletion microscopy (STED) to characterize and quantify the distribution of VAChT and VGLUT3 in CINs SVs. Nearest-neighbor distances analysis between VAChT and VGLUT3-immunofluorescent spots revealed that 34% of CINs SVs contain both VAChT and VGLUT3. In addition, 40% of SVs expressed only VAChT while 26% of SVs contain only VGLUT3. These results suggest that SVs from CINs have the potential to store simultaneously or independently ACh and/or Glut. Overall, these morphological findings support the notion that CINs varicosities can signal with either ACh or Glut or both with an unexpected level of complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Cristofari
- Sorbonne Université—CNRS UMR 8246—INSERM U1130—Neuroscience Paris Seine—Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS—IBPS), Paris, France
| | - Mazarine Desplanque
- Sorbonne Université—CNRS UMR 8246—INSERM U1130—Neuroscience Paris Seine—Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS—IBPS), Paris, France
| | - Odile Poirel
- Sorbonne Université—CNRS UMR 8246—INSERM U1130—Neuroscience Paris Seine—Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS—IBPS), Paris, France
| | - Alison Hébert
- Sorbonne Université—CNRS UMR 8246—INSERM U1130—Neuroscience Paris Seine—Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS—IBPS), Paris, France
| | | | - Etienne Herzog
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, UMR 5297, Bordeaux, France
| | - Lydia Danglot
- Université de Paris, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Membrane Traffic in Healthy & Diseased Brain, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, NeurImag Imaging Facility, Paris, France
- GHU Paris Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, Paris, France
| | - David Geny
- Université de Paris, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, NeurImag Imaging Facility, Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Gilles
- Imaging Facility of the Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS)—Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Geeverding
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), Service de Microscopie Électronique (IBPS-SME), Paris, France
| | - Susanne Bolte
- Imaging Facility of the Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS)—Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Alexis Canette
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), Service de Microscopie Électronique (IBPS-SME), Paris, France
| | - Michaël Trichet
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), Service de Microscopie Électronique (IBPS-SME), Paris, France
| | - Véronique Fabre
- Sorbonne Université—CNRS UMR 8246—INSERM U1130—Neuroscience Paris Seine—Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS—IBPS), Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Daumas
- Sorbonne Université—CNRS UMR 8246—INSERM U1130—Neuroscience Paris Seine—Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS—IBPS), Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Pietrancosta
- Sorbonne Université—CNRS UMR 8246—INSERM U1130—Neuroscience Paris Seine—Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS—IBPS), Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université—CNRS UMR 7203—Laboratoire des BioMolécules, Paris, France
| | - Salah El Mestikawy
- Sorbonne Université—CNRS UMR 8246—INSERM U1130—Neuroscience Paris Seine—Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS—IBPS), Paris, France
- Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Véronique Bernard
- Sorbonne Université—CNRS UMR 8246—INSERM U1130—Neuroscience Paris Seine—Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS—IBPS), Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Véronique Bernard,
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Relevance of interactions between dopamine and glutamate neurotransmission in schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:3583-3591. [PMID: 35681081 PMCID: PMC9712151 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01649-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) and glutamate neurotransmission are strongly implicated in schizophrenia pathophysiology. While most studies focus on contributions of neurons that release only DA or glutamate, neither DA nor glutamate models alone recapitulate the full spectrum of schizophrenia pathophysiology. Similarly, therapeutic strategies limited to either system cannot effectively treat all three major symptom domains of schizophrenia: positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms. Increasing evidence suggests extensive interactions between the DA and glutamate systems and more effective treatments may therefore require the targeting of both DA and glutamate signaling. This offers the possibility that disrupting DA-glutamate circuitry between these two systems, particularly in the striatum and forebrain, culminate in schizophrenia pathophysiology. Yet, the mechanisms behind these interactions and their contributions to schizophrenia remain unclear. In addition to circuit- or system-level interactions between neurons that solely release either DA or glutamate, here we posit that functional alterations involving a subpopulation of neurons that co-release both DA and glutamate provide a novel point of integration between DA and glutamate systems, offering a key missing link in our understanding of schizophrenia pathophysiology. Better understanding of mechanisms underlying DA/glutamate co-release from these neurons may therefore shed new light on schizophrenia pathophysiology and lead to more effective therapeutics.
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30
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Zinc in Cognitive Impairment and Aging. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12071000. [PMID: 35883555 PMCID: PMC9312494 DOI: 10.3390/biom12071000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc, an essential micronutrient for life, was first discovered in 1869 and later found to be indispensable for the normal development of plants and for the normal growth of rats and birds. Zinc plays an important role in many physiological and pathological processes in normal mammalian brain development, especially in the development of the central nervous system. Zinc deficiency can lead to neurodegenerative diseases, mental abnormalities, sleep disorders, tumors, vascular diseases, and other pathological conditions, which can cause cognitive impairment and premature aging. This study aimed to review the important effects of zinc and zinc-associated proteins in cognitive impairment and aging, to reveal its molecular mechanism, and to highlight potential interventions for zinc-associated aging and cognitive impairments.
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31
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Marcoli M, Agnati LF, Franco R, Cortelli P, Anderlini D, Guidolin D, Cervetto C, Maura G. Modulating brain integrative actions as a new perspective on pharmacological approaches to neuropsychiatric diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1038874. [PMID: 36699033 PMCID: PMC9868467 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1038874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
A critical aspect of drug development in the therapy of neuropsychiatric diseases is the "Target Problem", that is, the selection of a proper target after not simply the etiopathological classification but rather the detection of the supposed structural and/or functional alterations in the brain networks. There are novel ways of approaching the development of drugs capable of overcoming or at least reducing the deficits without triggering deleterious side effects. For this purpose, a model of brain network organization is needed, and the main aspects of its integrative actions must also be established. Thus, to this aim we here propose an updated model of the brain as a hyper-network in which i) the penta-partite synapses are suggested as key nodes of the brain hyper-network and ii) interacting cell surface receptors appear as both decoders of signals arriving to the network and targets of central nervous system diseases. The integrative actions of the brain networks follow the "Russian Doll organization" including the micro (i.e., synaptic) and nano (i.e., molecular) levels. In this scenario, integrative actions result primarily from protein-protein interactions. Importantly, the macromolecular complexes arising from these interactions often have novel structural binding sites of allosteric nature. Taking G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) as potential targets, GPCRs heteromers offer a way to increase the selectivity of pharmacological treatments if proper allosteric drugs are designed. This assumption is founded on the possible selectivity of allosteric interventions on G protein-coupled receptors especially when organized as "Receptor Mosaics" at penta-partite synapse level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Marcoli
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
- Interuniversity Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching and Research (Centro 3R), Pisa, Italy
- Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
- *Correspondence: Manuela Marcoli, ; Luigi F. Agnati,
| | - Luigi F. Agnati
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic Sciences and Neuroscience, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- *Correspondence: Manuela Marcoli, ; Luigi F. Agnati,
| | - Rafael Franco
- CiberNed Network Center for Neurodegenerative diseases, National Spanish Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Neurobiology laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine. Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- School of Chemistry, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pietro Cortelli
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Deanna Anderlini
- Centre for Sensorimotor Performance, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Diego Guidolin
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Cervetto
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
- Interuniversity Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching and Research (Centro 3R), Pisa, Italy
| | - Guido Maura
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
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