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Urbin MA. Adaptation in the spinal cord after stroke: Implications for restoring cortical control over the final common pathway. J Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38787922 DOI: 10.1113/jp285563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Control of voluntary movement is predicated on integration between circuits in the brain and spinal cord. Although damage is often restricted to supraspinal or spinal circuits in cases of neurological injury, both spinal motor neurons and axons linking these cells to the cortical origins of descending motor commands begin showing changes soon after the brain is injured by stroke. The concept of 'transneuronal degeneration' is not new and has been documented in histological, imaging and electrophysiological studies dating back over a century. Taken together, evidence from these studies agrees more with a system attempting to survive rather than one passively surrendering to degeneration. There tends to be at least some preservation of fibres at the brainstem origin and along the spinal course of the descending white matter tracts, even in severe cases. Myelin-associated proteins are observed in the spinal cord years after stroke onset. Spinal motor neurons remain morphometrically unaltered. Skeletal muscle fibres once innervated by neurons that lose their source of trophic input receive collaterals from adjacent neurons, causing spinal motor units to consolidate and increase in size. Although some level of excitability within the distributed brain network mediating voluntary movement is needed to facilitate recovery, minimal structural connectivity between cortical and spinal motor neurons can support meaningful distal limb function. Restoring access to the final common pathway via the descending input that remains in the spinal cord therefore represents a viable target for directed plasticity, particularly in light of recent advances in rehabilitation medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Urbin
- Human Engineering Research Laboratories, VA RR&D Center of Excellence, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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2
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Simon AB, Norland K, Blackburn M, Zhao S, Wang X, Harris RA. Evidence of increased cardiovascular disease risk in left-handed individuals. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1326686. [PMID: 38155985 PMCID: PMC10752994 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1326686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Approximately 10% of the world is left-handed (LH). Research suggests that LH individuals may have shorter lifespans compared to right-handed (RH) individuals. LH individuals also appear to have more cardiovascular disease (CVD) related conditions like diabetes and cancer. Thus, the present study sought to test the hypothesis that vascular function and heart rate variability (HRV), both key indicators of CVD risk, would be lower in LH compared to RH individuals. Methods Three hundred seventy-nine participants, 18-50 years old, were enrolled. Flow-mediated dilation (FMD), a bioassay of vascular endothelial function and standard deviation of R-R interval (SDNN), a parameter of HRV, were evaluated as indices of CVD risk. Data are reported as mean ± SD. Results 12.1% of the participants were LH. No differences in demographics or clinical laboratory values were observed between groups, except high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was higher (p = 0.033) in RH. FMD was significantly (p = 0.043) lower in LH (6.1% ± 3.2%) compared to RH (7.6% ± 3.8%), independent of age, sex, race, BMI, and HDL. Total power (p = 0.024) and low-frequency power (p = 0.003) were lower in LH compared to RH. Additionally, SDNN was lower (p = 0.041) in LH (47.4 ± 18.8 ms) compared to RH (54.7 ± 22.3 ms). A negative correlation between FMD and mean arterial pressure (r = -0.517; p < 0.001) was observed in LH; no relationships were observed in RH (all p > 0.05). Conclusion Vascular endothelial function and HRV are lower in LH compared to RH. In addition, relationships between FMD and traditional CVD risk factors were only observed in LH. These data support an increased risk of CVD in LH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ryan A. Harris
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
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3
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Odintsova VV, van Dongen J, van Beijsterveldt CEM, Ligthart L, Willemsen G, de Geus EJC, Dolan CV, Boomsma DI. Handedness and 23 Early Life Characteristics in 37,495 Dutch Twins. Twin Res Hum Genet 2023; 26:199-208. [PMID: 37448258 DOI: 10.1017/thg.2023.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
In studies of singletons, a range of early-life characteristics have been reported to be associated with handedness, but some of these associations have failed to replicate. We examined associations between 23 early life characteristics with handedness in a large sample of 37,495 5-year-old twins. We considered three definitions of handedness: left-handedness (LH), mixed-handedness (MH), and non-right-handedness (NRH). Our main aim was to test whether the associations with sex, birth weight, gestational age, and season of birth - as reported in singletons - replicate in twins, and to examine twin-specific variables, including zygosity, chorionicity, birth order, and intertwin delivery time. Compared to previously published data from adults born as singletons (7.23%), the prevalence of NRH was higher in both twins (16.19%) and their parents (15.09%). In the twins, LH and NRH were associated with parents' LH. Male sex and lower gestational age were associated with NRH, and LH was associated with not being breastfed. MH was related to neurodevelopmental delays and higher externalizing problems later in childhood. Other previously reported associations were not replicated, and no twin-specific characteristics were related to handedness. These results emphasize the importance of considering multiple definitions of handedness and indicate a small number of replicated associations across studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika V Odintsova
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development (AR&D) Research institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jenny van Dongen
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development (AR&D) Research institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Lannie Ligthart
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eco J C de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Conor V Dolan
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development (AR&D) Research institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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4
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Saari TT, Vuoksimaa E. The role of hand preference in cognition and neuropsychiatric symptoms in neurodegenerative diseases. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad137. [PMID: 37265598 PMCID: PMC10231800 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Handedness has been shown to be associated with genetic variation involving brain development and neuropsychiatric diseases. Whether handedness plays a role in clinical phenotypes of common neurodegenerative diseases has not been extensively studied. This study used the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center database to examine whether self-reported handedness was associated with neuropsychological performance and neuropsychiatric symptoms in cognitively unimpaired individuals (n = 17 670), individuals with Alzheimer's disease (n = 10 709), behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (n = 1132) or dementia with Lewy bodies (n = 637). Of the sample, 8% were left-handed, and 2% were ambidextrous. There were small differences in the handedness distributions across the cognitively unimpaired, Alzheimer's disease, behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies groups (7.2-9.5% left-handed and 0.9-2.2% ambidextrous). After adjusting for age, gender and education, we found faster performance in Trail Making Test A in cognitively unimpaired non-right-handers (ambidextrous and left-handed) compared with right-handers. Excluding ambidextrous individuals, the left-handed cognitively unimpaired individuals had faster Trail Making Test A performance and better Number Span Forward performance than right-handers. Overall, handedness had no effects on most neuropsychological tests and none on neuropsychiatric symptoms. Handedness effect on Trail Making Test A in the cognitively unimpaired is likely to stem from test artefacts rather than a robust difference in cognitive performance. In conclusion, handedness does not appear to affect neuropsychological performance or neuropsychiatric symptoms in common neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni T Saari
- Brain Research Unit, Department of Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio 70210, Finland
- Department of Neurology, NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio 70210, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00290, Finland
| | - Eero Vuoksimaa
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00290, Finland
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Takeuchi Y. Developmental Process of a Pronounced Laterality in the Scale-eating Cichlid Fish Perissodus microlepis in Lake Tanganyika. Zoolog Sci 2023; 40:160-167. [PMID: 37042695 DOI: 10.2108/zs220078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Lateral preference in behaviors has been widely documented in many vertebrates and invertebrates. Such preferences are strange, puzzling, and on the surface, not adaptive. However, behavioral laterality may increase an individual's fitness as well as foraging accuracy and speed. There is little experimental evidence regarding the developmental process of laterality, and unsolved questions have perplexed researchers for several decades. Related to these issues, here, I review that the scale-eating cichlid Perissodus microlepis found in Lake Tanganyika is a valuable model to address the developmental mechanism of animal laterality. The scale-eating cichlid has pronounced behavioral laterality and uses its asymmetric mouth during feeding events. Recent studies have shown that behavioral laterality in this fish depends on both genetic factors and past experience. The attack-side preference of scale eaters is an acquired trait in an early developmental stage. Juvenile fish empirically learn which side of the prey is more effective for tearing scales and gradually select the dominant side for attacking. However, the superior kinetics of body flexion during the dominant side attack has innate characteristics. Additionally, left-right differences in scale-eater mandibles also develop during ontogeny. Further progress toward understanding the comprehensive mechanisms of laterality should address the following persistent barriers: (1) the effects of phylogenetic constraints and ecological factors on the level of laterality; and (2) the neuronal and molecular mechanisms that produce left-right behavioral differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Takeuchi
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama 434-7207, Japan
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Handedness did not affect motor skill acquisition by the dominant hand or interlimb transfer to the non-dominant hand regardless of task complexity level. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18181. [PMID: 36307488 PMCID: PMC9616877 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21962-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients undergoing unilateral orthopedic or neurological rehabilitation have different levels of impairments in the right- or left-dominant hand. However, how handedness and the complexity of the motor task affect motor skill acquisition and its interlimb transfer remains unknown. In the present study, participants performed finger key presses on a numeric keypad at 4 levels of sequence complexities with each hand in a randomized order. Furthermore, they also performed motor sequence practice with the dominant hand to determine its effect on accuracy, reaction time, and movement time. The NASA-TLX at the end of each block of both testing and practice was used to confirm participants' mental workload related to sequence complexity. Both right- and left-handed participants performed the motor sequence task with faster RT when using their right hand. Although participants had increasing RT with increasing sequence complexity, this association was unrelated to handedness. Motor sequence practice produced motor skill acquisition and interlimb transfer indicated by a decreased RT, however, these changes were independent of handedness. Higher sequence complexity was still associated with longer RT after the practice, moreover, both right- and left-handed participants' RT increased with the same magnitude with the increase in sequence complexity. Similar behavioral pattern was observed in MT as in RT. Overall, our RT results may indicate left-hemisphere specialization for motor sequencing tasks, however, neuroimaging studies are needed to support these findings. On the other hand, handedness did not affect motor skill acquisition by the dominant hand or interlimb transfer to the non-dominant hand regardless of task complexity level.
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Négyesi J, Petró B, Salman DN, Khandoker A, Katona P, Wang Z, Almaazmi AISQ, Hortobágyi T, Váczi M, Rácz K, Pálya Z, Grand L, Kiss RM, Nagatomi R. Biosignal processing methods to explore the effects of side-dominance on patterns of bi- and unilateral standing stability in healthy young adults. Front Physiol 2022; 13:965702. [PMID: 36187771 PMCID: PMC9523607 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.965702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the effects of side-dominance on the laterality of standing stability using ground reaction force, motion capture (MoCap), and EMG data in healthy young adults. We recruited participants with strong right (n = 15) and left (n = 9) hand and leg dominance (side-dominance). They stood on one or two legs on a pair of synchronized force platforms for 50 s with 60 s rest between three randomized stance trials. In addition to 23 CoP-related variables, we also computed six MoCap variables representing each lower-limb joint motion time series. Moreover, 39 time- and frequency-domain features of EMG data from five muscles in three muscle groups were analyzed. Data from the multitude of biosignals converged and revealed concordant patterns: no differences occurred between left- and right-side dominant participants in kinetic, kinematic, or EMG outcomes during bipedal stance. Regarding single leg stance, larger knee but lower ankle joint kinematic values appeared in left vs right-sided participants during non-dominant stance. Left-vs right-sided participants also had lower medial gastrocnemius EMG activation during non-dominant stance. While right-side dominant participants always produced larger values for kinematic data of ankle joint and medial gastrocnemius EMG activation during non-dominant vs dominant unilateral stance, this pattern was the opposite for left-sided participants, showing larger values when standing on their dominant vs non-dominant leg, i.e., participants had a more stable balance when standing on their right leg. Our results suggest that side-dominance affects biomechanical and neuromuscular control strategies during unilateral standing.
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Affiliation(s)
- János Négyesi
- Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan
| | - Bálint Petró
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Mechatronics, Optics and Mechanical Engineering Informatics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Diane Nabil Salman
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahsan Khandoker
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Péter Katona
- Department of Kinesiology, Hungarian University of Sports Science, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ziheng Wang
- Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Tibor Hortobágyi
- Department of Kinesiology, Hungarian University of Sports Science, Budapest, Hungary
- Center for Human Movement Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Somogy County Kaposi Mór Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, Hungary
- Department of Sport Biology, Institute of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Márk Váczi
- Department of Sport Biology, Institute of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Kristóf Rácz
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Mechatronics, Optics and Mechanical Engineering Informatics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Pálya
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Mechatronics, Optics and Mechanical Engineering Informatics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Grand
- Faculty of Information Technology, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rita M. Kiss
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Mechatronics, Optics and Mechanical Engineering Informatics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ryoichi Nagatomi
- Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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8
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Loureiro T, Rodrigues-Barros S, Carreira AR, Gouveia-Moraes F, Carreira P, Vide Escada A, Campos P, Machado I, Campos N, Archer TJ, Reinstein DZ, Ambrósio R. Corneal Epithelium Asymmetry in Children With Atopy: The Effect of Hand Dominance. Clin Ophthalmol 2022; 16:2453-2461. [PMID: 35968053 PMCID: PMC9365055 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s375504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the effect of eye rubbing on the epithelial thickness profile in tomographically normal corneas by AS-OCT and to compare right and left eyes in right-handed children. Methods Thirty right-handed boys (mean age 11.2 years) with ocular allergy and history of eye rubbing were evaluated using Scheimpflug (Pentacam HR, Oculus Wetzlar, Germany) and anterior segment optical coherence tomography. Epithelial thickness (ET) and full corneal thickness (CT) parameters were compared between right and left eyes with a non-parametric Mann–Whitney test. A p-value lower than 0.05 was considered for statistical significance. Results No eyes had topometric nor tomographic criteria for keratoconus. The min-max ET was lower in right eyes (−2.8 µm vs −3.5; p = 0.02). The difference between inferior and superior (I-S) octants was lower in right eyes (1.1 µm vs 1.9 µm; p = 0.03) as a result of inferotemporal thinning. The highest ET difference was registered between nasal and temporal octants and was more pronounced in the right eyes (2 µm vs 3.1 µm; p < 0.001). Conclusion AS-OCT analyses reveal different epithelial thickness patterns between the eyes in young atopic patients, likely eye rubbers. Inferior and temporal epithelial thickness seem to be more affected by thinning in the eye on the side of the dominant hand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomás Loureiro
- Ophthalmology Department, Hospital Garcia de Orta, Almada, Portugal
- Correspondence: Tomás Loureiro, Ophthalmology Department, Hospital Garcia de Orta, Avenida Torrado da Silva, Almada, 2805-267, Portugal, Tel +35 1 913 513 175, Email
| | | | | | | | - Pedro Carreira
- Ophthalmology Department, Hospital Garcia de Orta, Almada, Portugal
| | - Ana Vide Escada
- Ophthalmology Department, Hospital Garcia de Orta, Almada, Portugal
| | - Paul Campos
- Ophthalmology Department, Hospital Garcia de Orta, Almada, Portugal
| | - Inês Machado
- Ophthalmology Department, Hospital Garcia de Orta, Almada, Portugal
| | - Nuno Campos
- Ophthalmology Department, Hospital Garcia de Orta, Almada, Portugal
| | | | | | - Renato Ambrósio
- Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Odintsova VV, Suderman M, Hagenbeek FA, Caramaschi D, Hottenga JJ, Pool R, Dolan CV, Ligthart L, van Beijsterveldt CEM, Willemsen G, de Geus EJC, Beck JJ, Ehli EA, Cuellar-Partida G, Evans DM, Medland SE, Relton CL, Boomsma DI, van Dongen J. DNA methylation in peripheral tissues and left-handedness. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5606. [PMID: 35379837 PMCID: PMC8980054 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08998-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Handedness has low heritability and epigenetic mechanisms have been proposed as an etiological mechanism. To examine this hypothesis, we performed an epigenome-wide association study of left-handedness. In a meta-analysis of 3914 adults of whole-blood DNA methylation, we observed that CpG sites located in proximity of handedness-associated genetic variants were more strongly associated with left-handedness than other CpG sites (P = 0.04), but did not identify any differentially methylated positions. In longitudinal analyses of DNA methylation in peripheral blood and buccal cells from children (N = 1737), we observed moderately stable associations across age (correlation range [0.355-0.578]), but inconsistent across tissues (correlation range [- 0.384 to 0.318]). We conclude that DNA methylation in peripheral tissues captures little of the variance in handedness. Future investigations should consider other more targeted sources of tissue, such as the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika V Odintsova
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, van der Boechorststraat 7-9, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, AR&D Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Matthew Suderman
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Fiona A Hagenbeek
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, van der Boechorststraat 7-9, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Doretta Caramaschi
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jouke-Jan Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, van der Boechorststraat 7-9, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - René Pool
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, van der Boechorststraat 7-9, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Conor V Dolan
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, van der Boechorststraat 7-9, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lannie Ligthart
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, van der Boechorststraat 7-9, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Catharina E M van Beijsterveldt
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, van der Boechorststraat 7-9, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, van der Boechorststraat 7-9, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eco J C de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, van der Boechorststraat 7-9, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Erik A Ehli
- Avera Institute for Human Genetics, Sioux Falls, USA
| | - Gabriel Cuellar-Partida
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - David M Evans
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Sarah E Medland
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Caroline L Relton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, van der Boechorststraat 7-9, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, AR&D Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jenny van Dongen
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, van der Boechorststraat 7-9, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, AR&D Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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10
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Jeon EJ, Kang SH, Piao YH, Kim SW, Kim JJ, Lee BJ, Yu JC, Lee KY, Won SH, Lee SH, Kim SH, Kim ET, Kim CT, Oliver D, Fusar-Poli P, Rami FZ, Chung YC. Development of the Korea-Polyenvironmental Risk Score for Psychosis. Psychiatry Investig 2022; 19:197-206. [PMID: 35196829 PMCID: PMC8958209 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2021.0328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Comprehensive understanding of polyenvironmental risk factors for the development of psychosis is important. Based on a review of related evidence, we developed the Korea Polyenvironmental Risk Score (K-PERS) for psychosis. We investigated whether the K-PERS can differentiate patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) from healthy controls (HCs). METHODS We reviewed existing tools for measuring polyenvironmental risk factors for psychosis, including the Maudsley Environmental Risk Score (ERS), polyenviromic risk score (PERS), and Psychosis Polyrisk Score (PPS). Using odds ratios and relative risks for Western studies and the "population proportion" (PP) of risk factors for Korean data, we developed the K-PERS, and compared the scores thereon between patients with SSDs and HCs. In addition, correlation was performed between the K-PERS and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). RESULTS We first constructed the "K-PERS-I," comprising five factors based on the PPS, and then the "K-PERS-II" comprising six factors based on the ERS. The instruments accurately predicted participants' status (case vs. control). In addition, the K-PERS-I and -II scores exhibited significant negative correlations with the negative symptom factor score of the PANSS. CONCLUSION The K-PERS is the first comprehensive tool developed based on PP data obtained from Korean studies that measures polyenvironmental risk factors for psychosis. Using pilot data, the K-PERS predicted patient status (SSD vs. HC). Further research is warranted to examine the relationship of K-PERS scores with clinical outcomes of psychosis and schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jin Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Shi-Hyun Kang
- Department of Social Psychiatry and Rehabilitation, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yan-Hong Piao
- Department of Psychiatry, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Wan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Jin Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Ju Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Chun Yu
- Department of Psychiatry, Eulji University School of Medicine, Eulji University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hee Won
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hwan Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Tae Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Clara Tammy Kim
- Institute of Life and Death Studies, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dominic Oliver
- Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical Detection (EPIC) Lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,OASIS Service, South London and the Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Fusar-Poli
- Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical Detection (EPIC) Lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,OASIS Service, South London and the Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Fatima Zahra Rami
- Department of Psychiatry, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Chul Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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11
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Pfeifer LS, Schmitz J, Papadatou-Pastou M, Peterburs J, Paracchini S, Ocklenburg S. Handedness in twins: meta-analyses. BMC Psychol 2022; 10:11. [PMID: 35033205 PMCID: PMC8760823 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-021-00695-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the general population, 10.6% of people favor their left hand over the right for motor tasks. Previous research suggests higher prevalence of atypical (left-, mixed-, or non-right-) handedness in (i) twins compared to singletons, and in (ii) monozygotic compared to dizygotic twins. Moreover, (iii) studies have shown a higher rate of handedness concordance in monozygotic compared to dizygotic twins, in line with genetic factors playing a role for handedness. METHODS By means of a systematic review, we identified 59 studies from previous literature and performed three sets of random effects meta-analyses on (i) twin-to-singleton Odds Ratios (21 studies, n = 189,422 individuals) and (ii) monozygotic-to-dizygotic twin Odds Ratios (48 studies, n = 63,295 individuals), both times for prevalence of left-, mixed-, and non-right-handedness. For monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs we compared (iii) handedness concordance Odds Ratios (44 studies, n = 36,217 twin pairs). We also tested for potential effects of moderating variables, such as sex, age, the method used to assess handedness, and the twins' zygosity. RESULTS We found (i) evidence for higher prevalence of left- (Odds Ratio = 1.40, 95% Confidence Interval = [1.26, 1.57]) and non-right- (Odds Ratio = 1.36, 95% Confidence Interval = [1.22, 1.52]), but not mixed-handedness (Odds Ratio = 1.08, 95% Confidence Interval = [0.52, 2.27]) among twins compared to singletons. We further showed a decrease in Odds Ratios in more recent studies (post-1975: Odds Ratio = 1.30, 95% Confidence Interval = [1.17, 1.45]) compared to earlier studies (pre-1975: Odds Ratio = 1.90, 95% Confidence Interval = [1.59-2.27]). While there was (ii) no difference between monozygotic and dizygotic twins regarding prevalence of left- (Odds Ratio = 0.98, 95% Confidence Interval = [0.89, 1.07]), mixed- (Odds Ratio = 0.96, 95% Confidence Interval = [0.46, 1.99]), or non-right-handedness (Odds Ratio = 1.01, 95% Confidence Interval = [0.91, 1.12]), we found that (iii) handedness concordance was elevated among monozygotic compared to dizygotic twin pairs (Odds Ratio = 1.11, 95% Confidence Interval = [1.06, 1.18]). By means of moderator analyses, we did not find evidence for effects of potentially confounding variables. CONCLUSION We provide the largest and most comprehensive meta-analysis on handedness in twins. Although a raw, unadjusted analysis found a higher prevalence of left- and non-right-, but not mixed-handedness among twins compared to singletons, left-handedness was substantially more prevalent in earlier than in more recent studies. The single large, recent study which included birth weight, Apgar score and gestational age as covariates found no twin-singleton difference in handedness rate, but these covariates could not be included in the present meta-analysis. Together, the secular shift and the influence of covariates probably make it unsafe to conclude that twinning has a genuine relationship to handedness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Sophie Pfeifer
- Cognitive Psychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Judith Schmitz
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Scotland
| | - Marietta Papadatou-Pastou
- School of Education, Department of Primary Education, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Jutta Peterburs
- Institute of Systems Medicine and Department of Human Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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12
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Limb Preference in Animals: New Insights into the Evolution of Manual Laterality in Hominids. Symmetry (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/sym14010096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Until the 1990s, the notion of brain lateralization—the division of labor between the two hemispheres—and its more visible behavioral manifestation, handedness, remained fiercely defined as a human specific trait. Since then, many studies have evidenced lateralized functions in a wide range of species, including both vertebrates and invertebrates. In this review, we highlight the great contribution of comparative research to the understanding of human handedness’ evolutionary and developmental pathways, by distinguishing animal forelimb asymmetries for functionally different actions—i.e., potentially depending on different hemispheric specializations. Firstly, lateralization for the manipulation of inanimate objects has been associated with genetic and ontogenetic factors, with specific brain regions’ activity, and with morphological limb specializations. These could have emerged under selective pressures notably related to the animal locomotion and social styles. Secondly, lateralization for actions directed to living targets (to self or conspecifics) seems to be in relationship with the brain lateralization for emotion processing. Thirdly, findings on primates’ hand preferences for communicative gestures accounts for a link between gestural laterality and a left-hemispheric specialization for intentional communication and language. Throughout this review, we highlight the value of functional neuroimaging and developmental approaches to shed light on the mechanisms underlying human handedness.
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13
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Cho S. Is handedness exogenously determined? Counterevidence from South Korea. ECONOMICS AND HUMAN BIOLOGY 2021; 43:101072. [PMID: 34715417 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2021.101072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Establishing whether handedness is exogenously determined can help explain the relationship between handedness and various health and economic outcomes. It can also ensure the use of handedness as an instrument in empirical applications. Using data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in the United States, I investigate the exogeneity of children's handedness by examining the determinants of mixed-handedness. In the analysis using Korean data, parents' age, parents' non-right-handedness, and family income influence the likelihood of children's mixed-handedness. In the U.S. data analysis, however, none of the child and family characteristics, except being Asian, predict the likelihood of mixed-handedness. These results suggest that mixed-handedness, further handedness cannot be generalized as exogenous and is a race-specific characteristic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungyeon Cho
- Research Fellow, Department of Agricultural & Rural Development Research, Korea Rural Economic Institute, 601, Bitgaram-ro, Naju-si, Jeollanam-do, 58321, South Korea.
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14
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Pullman LE, Refaie N, Lalumière ML, Krupp DB. Is Psychopathy a Mental Disorder or an Adaptation? Evidence From a Meta-Analysis of the Association Between Psychopathy and Handedness. EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 19:14747049211040447. [PMID: 34605282 PMCID: PMC10358405 DOI: 10.1177/14747049211040447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychopathy has historically been conceptualized as a mental disorder, but there is growing evidence that it may instead be an alternative, adaptive life history strategy designed by natural selection. Although the etiology of mental disorders is not fully understood, one likely contributor is perturbations affecting neurodevelopment. Nonright-handedness is a sign of such perturbations, and therefore can be used to test these competing models. If psychopathy is a mental disorder, psychopaths should show elevated rates of nonright-handedness. However, an adaptive strategy perspective expects psychopaths to be neurologically healthy and therefore predicts typical rates of nonright-handedness. We meta-analyzed 16 studies that investigated the association between psychopathy and handedness in various populations. There was no difference in the rates of nonright-handedness between community participants high and low in psychopathy. Furthermore, there was no difference between psychopathic and nonpsychopathic offenders in rates of nonright-handedness, though there was a tendency for offenders scoring higher on the Interpersonal/Affective dimension of psychopathy to have lower rates of nonright-handedness, and for offenders scoring higher on the Behavioral dimension of psychopathy to have higher rates of nonright-handedness. Lastly, there was no difference in rates of nonright-handedness between psychopathic and nonpsychopathic mental health patients. Thus, our results fail to support the mental disorder model and partly support the adaptive strategy model. We discuss limitations of the meta-analysis and implications for theories of the origins of psychopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesleigh E. Pullman
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, 136 Jean-Jacques Lussier, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Nabhan Refaie
- Gordon S. Lang School of Business and Economics, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. E., Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Martin L. Lalumière
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, 136 Jean-Jacques Lussier, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - DB Krupp
- Department of Interdisciplinary Studies, Lakehead University, 500 University Ave., Orillia, Ontario L3V 0B9, Canada
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15
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Okubo M, Oyama T. Do you know your best side? Awareness of lateral posing asymmetries. Laterality 2021; 27:6-20. [PMID: 34088246 DOI: 10.1080/1357650x.2021.1938105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
People tend to show the left cheek to broadly express emotions while they tend to show the right cheek to hide emotions because emotions were expressed more on the left than on the right side of the face. The present study investigated the level of awareness on the left- and right-cheek poses using the method of structural knowledge attributions. When asked to broadly express emotions for a family portrait, right-handed participants were more likely to show the left cheek than the right. On the other hand, when asked to conceal emotions to show a calm and reassuring attitude as a scientist, they were more likely to show the right cheek. After the posing session, participants selected the conscious level of their knowledge about posing from five categories: Random, intuition, familiarity, recollection, and rules. Most participants rated their knowledge as unconscious (i.e., either as random, intuition, or familiarity). The choice of the conscious level did not differ across posing orientations and posing instructions. These results suggest that although people do not have an acute awareness of their lateral posing preference, they reliably show one side of their faces to express or hide emotions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matia Okubo
- Department of Psychology, Senshu University, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Takato Oyama
- Department of Psychology, Senshu University, Kawasaki, Japan
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16
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Handedness Development: A Model for Investigating the Development of Hemispheric Specialization and Interhemispheric Coordination. Symmetry (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/sym13060992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The author presents his perspective on the character of science, development, and handedness and relates these to his investigations of the early development of handedness. After presenting some ideas on what hemispheric specialization of function might mean for neural processing and how handedness should be assessed, the neuroscience of control of the arms/hands and interhemispheric communication and coordination are examined for how developmental processes can affect these mechanisms. The author’s work on the development of early handedness is reviewed and placed within a context of cascading events in which different forms of handedness emerge from earlier forms but not in a deterministic manner. This approach supports a continuous rather than categorical distribution of handedness and accounts for the predominance of right-handedness while maintaining a minority of left-handedness. Finally, the relation of the development of handedness to the development of several language and cognitive skills is examined.
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17
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Handedness, intelligence, visual-perceptual and motor functions in young adults. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01651-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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18
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Bourke JD, Todd J. Acoustics versus linguistics? Context is Part and Parcel to lateralized processing of the parts and parcels of speech. Laterality 2021; 26:725-765. [PMID: 33726624 DOI: 10.1080/1357650x.2021.1898415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to provide an accessible exploration of key considerations of lateralization in speech and non-speech perception using clear and defined language. From these considerations, the primary arguments for each side of the linguistics versus acoustics debate are outlined and explored in context of emerging integrative theories. This theoretical approach entails a perspective that linguistic and acoustic features differentially contribute to leftward bias, depending on the given context. Such contextual factors include stimulus parameters and variables of stimulus presentation (e.g., noise/silence and monaural/binaural) and variances in individuals (sex, handedness, age, and behavioural ability). Discussion of these factors and their interaction is also aimed towards providing an outline of variables that require consideration when developing and reviewing methodology of acoustic and linguistic processing laterality studies. Thus, there are three primary aims in the present paper: (1) to provide the reader with key theoretical perspectives from the acoustics/linguistics debate and a synthesis of the two viewpoints, (2) to highlight key caveats for generalizing findings regarding predominant models of speech laterality, and (3) to provide a practical guide for methodological control using predominant behavioural measures (i.e., gap detection and dichotic listening tasks) and/or neurophysiological measures (i.e., mismatch negativity) of speech laterality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse D Bourke
- School of Psychology, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Juanita Todd
- School of Psychology, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
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19
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Figueras M, Cabot R, Viñes M, Torres X, Martinez-Portilla RJ. Effect of multiple pregnancy and laterality on infant neurodevelopment. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2021; 35:5236-5243. [PMID: 33478295 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2021.1876023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of type of pregnancy (singleton, dizygotic, and monozygotic) on infant neurodevelopment and to explore how laterality operates in this relationship. METHODS We constructed a prospective cohort of low-risk women with singleton, monozygotic, and dizygotic pregnancies. Laterality was evaluated using the Edinburgh's scale of laterality, while neurodevelopment was assessed using the Ages & Stages Questionnaire (ASQ). The confounding, modifying, and mediating effect of laterality on the relationship between multiple pregnancy and neurodevelopment was explored by linear regression. RESULTS We included 207 singletons, 77 dizygotic, and 75 monozygotic pregnancies. The mean age (SD) at assessment of neurodevelopment was 48.5 (7.5) months. There was a significant trend to poorer neurodevelopment across singleton, dizygotic and monozygotic pregnancies in communication (52.2, 47.6 and 42.3; p < .001) and fine movements (49.6, 44.5 and 35.2; p < .001) even after adjusting for confounders. As compared to singletons, both dizygotic (39.6% vs. 22.7%; p < .001) and monozygotic (39.3% vs. 22.7%; p < .001) pregnancies had a higher frequency of non-right laterality. Laterality was not associated with neurodevelopment, nor confounded, mediated or modified the effect of multiple pregnancy on neurodevelopment. CONCLUSION The association of multiple pregnancy to poorer neurodevelopment was independent of children laterality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ximena Torres
- Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal. Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Institut Clínic de Ginecologia, Obstetrícia I Neonatologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raigam J Martinez-Portilla
- Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal. Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Institut Clínic de Ginecologia, Obstetrícia I Neonatologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Perinatology, Mexico City, Mexico
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20
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Cuellar-Partida G, Tung JY, Eriksson N, Albrecht E, Aliev F, Andreassen OA, Barroso I, Beckmann JS, Boks MP, Boomsma DI, Boyd HA, Breteler MMB, Campbell H, Chasman DI, Cherkas LF, Davies G, de Geus EJC, Deary IJ, Deloukas P, Dick DM, Duffy DL, Eriksson JG, Esko T, Feenstra B, Geller F, Gieger C, Giegling I, Gordon SD, Han J, Hansen TF, Hartmann AM, Hayward C, Heikkilä K, Hicks AA, Hirschhorn JN, Hottenga JJ, Huffman JE, Hwang LD, Ikram MA, Kaprio J, Kemp JP, Khaw KT, Klopp N, Konte B, Kutalik Z, Lahti J, Li X, Loos RJF, Luciano M, Magnusson SH, Mangino M, Marques-Vidal P, Martin NG, McArdle WL, McCarthy MI, Medina-Gomez C, Melbye M, Melville SA, Metspalu A, Milani L, Mooser V, Nelis M, Nyholt DR, O'Connell KS, Ophoff RA, Palmer C, Palotie A, Palviainen T, Pare G, Paternoster L, Peltonen L, Penninx BWJH, Polasek O, Pramstaller PP, Prokopenko I, Raikkonen K, Ripatti S, Rivadeneira F, Rudan I, Rujescu D, Smit JH, Smith GD, Smoller JW, Soranzo N, Spector TD, Pourcain BS, Starr JM, Stefánsson H, Steinberg S, Teder-Laving M, Thorleifsson G, Stefánsson K, Timpson NJ, Uitterlinden AG, van Duijn CM, van Rooij FJA, Vink JM, Vollenweider P, Vuoksimaa E, Waeber G, Wareham NJ, Warrington N, Waterworth D, Werge T, Wichmann HE, Widen E, Willemsen G, Wright AF, Wright MJ, Xu M, Zhao JH, Kraft P, Hinds DA, Lindgren CM, Mägi R, Neale BM, Evans DM, Medland SE. Genome-wide association study identifies 48 common genetic variants associated with handedness. Nat Hum Behav 2021; 5:59-70. [PMID: 32989287 PMCID: PMC7116623 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-020-00956-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Handedness has been extensively studied because of its relationship with language and the over-representation of left-handers in some neurodevelopmental disorders. Using data from the UK Biobank, 23andMe and the International Handedness Consortium, we conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of handedness (N = 1,766,671). We found 41 loci associated (P < 5 × 10-8) with left-handedness and 7 associated with ambidexterity. Tissue-enrichment analysis implicated the CNS in the aetiology of handedness. Pathways including regulation of microtubules and brain morphology were also highlighted. We found suggestive positive genetic correlations between left-handedness and neuropsychiatric traits, including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Furthermore, the genetic correlation between left-handedness and ambidexterity is low (rG = 0.26), which implies that these traits are largely influenced by different genetic mechanisms. Our findings suggest that handedness is highly polygenic and that the genetic variants that predispose to left-handedness may underlie part of the association with some psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Cuellar-Partida
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
- 23andMe, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Eva Albrecht
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Fazil Aliev
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Karabuk University, Faculty of Business, Karabük, Turkey
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Inês Barroso
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jacques S Beckmann
- Service of Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marco P Boks
- Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Heather A Boyd
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Monique M B Breteler
- Population Health Sciences, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Harry Campbell
- Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lynn F Cherkas
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Gail Davies
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Eco J C de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ian J Deary
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Panos Deloukas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London Medical School, and the Centre for Genomic Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Danielle M Dick
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - David L Duffy
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Bjarke Feenstra
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Frank Geller
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ina Giegling
- University Clinic and Outpatient Clinic for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Scott D Gordon
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jiali Han
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Thomas F Hansen
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Danish Headache Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Annette M Hartmann
- University Clinic and Outpatient Clinic for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Kauko Heikkilä
- Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Andrew A Hicks
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Joel N Hirschhorn
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jouke-Jan Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jennifer E Huffman
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Liang-Dar Hwang
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - John P Kemp
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Norman Klopp
- Hannover Unified Biobank, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bettina Konte
- University Clinic and Outpatient Clinic for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Zoltan Kutalik
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jari Lahti
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Turku Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michelle Luciano
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Mark I McCarthy
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, UK
- Human Genetics, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Carolina Medina-Gomez
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mads Melbye
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Lili Milani
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Vincent Mooser
- Service of Clinical Chemistry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mari Nelis
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Dale R Nyholt
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kevin S O'Connell
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Roel A Ophoff
- Department of Human Genetics, University California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cameron Palmer
- Department of Computer Science, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Teemu Palviainen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Guillaume Pare
- Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Leena Peltonen
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Department of Public Health, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
- Research Unit, Psychiatric Hospital Sveti Ivan, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Inga Prokopenko
- Section of Statistical Multi-Omics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
- Section of Genomics of Common Disease, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Katri Raikkonen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Samuli Ripatti
- Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health Research, The Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Dan Rujescu
- University Clinic and Outpatient Clinic for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Johannes H Smit
- Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jordan W Smoller
- Department of Psychiatry and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Beate St Pourcain
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Wundtlaan, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - John M Starr
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemilogy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | | | - Maris Teder-Laving
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | | | | | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank J A van Rooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jaqueline M Vink
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eero Vuoksimaa
- Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gérard Waeber
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Nicole Warrington
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Thomas Werge
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation's IPSYCH Initiative, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Elisabeth Widen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alan F Wright
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Margaret J Wright
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mousheng Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter Kraft
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Cecilia M Lindgren
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Big Data Institute at the Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Benjamin M Neale
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David M Evans
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia.
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
| | - Sarah E Medland
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia.
- Psychiatric Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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21
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Doménech-García V, Palsson TS, Boudreau SA, Bellosta-López P, Herrero P, Graven-Nielsen T. Healthy Pain-Free Individuals with a History of Distal Radius Fracture Demonstrate an Expanded Distribution of Experimental Referred Pain Toward the Wrist. PAIN MEDICINE 2020; 21:2850-2862. [PMID: 33146396 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnaa228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nociception caused by injuries may sensitize central mechanisms causing expanded pain areas. After recovery, the status of such pain distribution and sensitivity mechanisms is unknown. The present study investigated whether individuals who have fully recovered from a distal radius fracture demonstrate increased pain sensitivity and expanded distribution of pressure-induced pain. DESIGN Cross-sectional single-blinded study. SETTING Clinical setting. SUBJECTS Twenty-three pain-free individuals with a history of painful distal radius fracture and 22 nonfractured, age/gender-matched controls participated in two experimental sessions (day 0, day 1) 24 hours apart. METHODS Pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) were recorded bilaterally at the extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL), infraspinatus, and gastrocnemius muscles. Spatial distribution of pain was assessed following 60-second painful pressure stimulation at the ECRL (bilateral) and the infraspinatus muscles on the fractured or dominant side. Participants drew pain areas on a body map. After day 0 assessments, prolonged pain was induced by eccentric exercise of wrist extensors on the fractured/dominant side. RESULTS Compared with controls, pressure-induced ECRL pain in the fracture group referred more frequently toward the distal forearm (P < 0.005) on day 0. Both groups showed larger pain areas on day 1 compared with day 0 (P < 0.005), although the fracture group showed a larger relative change between days (P < 0.005). The fracture group showed larger pain areas on the fracture side compared with the contralateral side on both days (P < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Prolonged pain and recovered prior painful injuries like fractures may sensitize pain mechanisms manifested as expanded pain distribution. Pressure-induced referred pain can be a simple pain biomarker for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Doménech-García
- Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.,Universidad San Jorge, Campus Universitario, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Thorvalur S Palsson
- Department of Health Science and Technology, SMI, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Shellie A Boudreau
- Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Pablo Bellosta-López
- Universidad San Jorge, Campus Universitario, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pablo Herrero
- Universidad San Jorge, Campus Universitario, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Thomas Graven-Nielsen
- Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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22
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van Heerwaarde AA, van der Kamp LT, van der Aa NE, de Vries LS, Groenendaal F, Jongmans MJ, Eijsermans RJC, Koopman-Esseboom C, van Haastert ILC, Benders MJNL, Dudink J. Non-right-handedness in children born extremely preterm: Relation to early neuroimaging and long-term neurodevelopment. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235311. [PMID: 32628734 PMCID: PMC7337339 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to define the prevalence and predictors of non-right-handedness and its link to long-term neurodevelopmental outcome and early neuroimaging in a cohort of children born extremely preterm (<28 weeks gestation). Methods 179 children born extremely preterm admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of our tertiary centre from 2006–2013 were included in a prospective longitudinal cohort study. Collected data included perinatal data, demographic characteristics, neurodevelopmental outcome measured by the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development at 2 years and the Movement Assessment Battery for Children at 5 years, and handedness measured at school age (4–8 years). Magnetic resonance imaging performed at term-equivalent age was used to study overt brain injury. Diffusion tensor imaging scans were analysed using tract-based spatial statistics to assess white matter microstructure in relation to handedness and neurodevelopmental outcome. Results The prevalence of non-right-handedness in our cohort was 22.9%, compared to 12% in the general population. Weaker fine motor skills at 2 years and paternal non-right-handedness were significantly associated with non-right-handedness. Both overt brain injury and fractional anisotropy of white matter structures on diffusion tensor images were not related to handedness. Fractional anisotropy measurements showed significant associations with neurodevelopmental outcome. Conclusions Our data show that non-right-handedness in children born extremely preterm occurs almost twice as frequently as in the general population. In the studied population, non-right-handedness is associated with weaker fine motor skills and paternal non-right-handedness, but not with overt brain injury or microstructural brain development on early magnetic resonance imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alise A. van Heerwaarde
- Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Laura T. van der Kamp
- Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Niek E. van der Aa
- Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Linda S. de Vries
- Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Floris Groenendaal
- Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marian J. Jongmans
- Department of Paediatric Psychology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rian J. C. Eijsermans
- Department of Paediatric Physical Therapy and Exercise Physiology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Corine Koopman-Esseboom
- Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Inge-Lot C. van Haastert
- Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Manon J. N. L. Benders
- Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Dudink
- Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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23
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Zaccagni L, Toselli S, Bramanti B, Gualdi-Russo E, Mongillo J, Rinaldo N. Handgrip Strength in Young Adults: Association with Anthropometric Variables and Laterality. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E4273. [PMID: 32549283 PMCID: PMC7345833 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The measurement of handgrip strength (HGS) is an indicator of an individual's overall strength and can serve as a predictor of morbidity and mortality. This study aims to investigate whether HGS is associated with handedness in young adults and if it is influenced by anthropometric characteristics, body composition, and sport-related parameters. We conducted a cross-sectional study on a sample of 544 young Italian adults aged 18-30 years. We measured HGS using a dynamometer and collected data on handedness and physical activity, along with anthropometric measurements. In both sexes, the HGS of the dominant side was significantly greater than that of the non-dominant side. Furthermore, in ambidextrous individuals, the right hand was stronger than the left. A comparison between the lowest and the highest tercile of HGS highlighted its significant association with anthropometric and body composition parameters in both sexes. Moreover, sex, dominant upper arm muscle area, arm fat index, fat mass, and fat-free mass were found to be significant predictors of HGS by multiple regression analysis. Our findings suggest that HGS is especially influenced by body composition parameters and handedness category. Therefore, HGS can be used as a proxy for unhealthy conditions with impairment of muscle mass, provided that the dominance in the laterality of the subject under examination is taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Zaccagni
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Prevention, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.Z.); (J.M.); (N.R.)
- Biomedical Sport Studies Center, University of Ferrara, 44123 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefania Toselli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Barbara Bramanti
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Prevention, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.Z.); (J.M.); (N.R.)
- University Center for Studies on Gender Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Emanuela Gualdi-Russo
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Prevention, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.Z.); (J.M.); (N.R.)
| | - Jessica Mongillo
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Prevention, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.Z.); (J.M.); (N.R.)
| | - Natascia Rinaldo
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Prevention, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.Z.); (J.M.); (N.R.)
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24
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Zheng M, McBride C, Ho CSH, Chan JKC, Choy KW, Paracchini S. Prevalence and heritability of handedness in a Hong Kong Chinese twin and singleton sample. BMC Psychol 2020; 8:37. [PMID: 32321583 PMCID: PMC7178737 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-020-00401-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left-handedness prevalence has been consistently reported at around 10% with heritability estimates at around 25%. Higher left-handedness prevalence has been reported in males and in twins. Lower prevalence has been reported in Asia, but it remains unclear whether this is due to biological or cultural factors. Most studies are based on samples with European ethnicities and using the preferred hand for writing as key assessment. Here, we investigated handedness in a sample of Chinese school children in Hong Kong, including 426 singletons and 205 pairs of twins, using both the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory and Pegboard Task. RESULTS Based on a binary definition of writing hand, we found a higher prevalence of left-handedness (8%) than what was previously reported in Asian datasets. We found no evidence of increased left-handedness in twins, but our results were in line with previous findings showing that males have a higher tendency to be left-handed than females. Heritability was similar for both hand preference (21%) and laterality indexes (22%). However, these two handedness measures present only a moderate correlation (.42) and appear to be underpinned by different genetic factors. CONCLUSION In summary, we report new reference data for an ethnic group usually underrepresented in the literature. Our heritability analysis supports the idea that different measures will capture different components of handedness and, as a consequence, datasets assessed with heterogeneous criteria are not easily combined or compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Zheng
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Catherine McBride
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Connie Suk-Han Ho
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Kwong Wai Choy
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Silvia Paracchini
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland.
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25
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Paszulewicz J, Wolski P, Gajdek M. Is laterality adaptive? Pitfalls in disentangling the laterality-performance relationship. Cortex 2019; 125:175-189. [PMID: 31999962 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2019.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Unlike non-human animal studies that have progressively demonstrated the advantages of being asymmetrical at an individual, group and population level, human studies show a quite inconsistent picture. Specifically, it is hardly clear if and how the strength of lateralization that an individual is equipped with relates to their cognitive performance. While some of these inconsistencies can be attributed to procedural and conceptual differences, the issue is aggravated by the fact that the intrinsic mathematical interdependence of the measures of laterality and performance produces spurious correlations that can be mistaken for evidence of an adaptive advantage of asymmetry. Leask and Crow [Leask, S. J., & Crow, T. J. (1997), How far does the brain lateralize?: an unbiased method for determining the optimum degree of hemispheric specialization. Neuropsychologia, 35(10), 1381-1387] devised a method of overcoming this problem that has been subsequently used in several large-sample studies investigating the asymmetry-performance relationship. In our paper we show that the original Leask and Crow method and its later variants fall victim to inherent nonlinear dependencies and produce artifacts. By applying the Leask and Crow method to random data and with mathematical analysis, we demonstrate that what has been believed to describe the true asymmetry-performance relation in fact only reflects the idiosyncrasies of the method itself. We think that the approach taken by Leask in his later paper [Leask, S. (2003), Principal curve analysis avoids assumptions of dependence between measures of hand skill. Laterality, 8(4), 307-316. doi:10.1080/13576500342000004] might be preferable.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Piotr Wolski
- Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Marek Gajdek
- Emeritus Associate Professor of Kielce University of Technology, Kielce, Poland
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26
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Mohammadi H, Papadatou-Pastou M. Cerebral laterality as assessed by hand preference measures and developmental stuttering. Laterality 2019; 25:127-149. [PMID: 31144576 DOI: 10.1080/1357650x.2019.1621329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The causes of developmental stuttering, a neurodevelopmental communicative disorder, have not been elucidated to date. Neuroimaging studies suggest that atypical cerebral laterality could be one of such causal factors. Moreover, handedness, a behavioural index for cerebral laterality, has been linked to stuttering and recovery from it. However, findings are conflicting, possibly due to sample selection procedures, which typically rely on self-reported stuttering, and to the fact that handedness is typically assessed with regards to its direction rather than degree. We investigated the possible relationship between handedness and stuttering. This is the first study where children who stutter (CWS) were selected using clinical criteria as well as speech samples and where a non-Western population was studied. Findings from 83 CWS aged 3-9 years (mean = 6.43, SD = 1.84) and 90 age- and sex-matched children who do not stutter (mean = 6.45, SD = 1.71) revealed no differences in their hand preference scores as evaluated by parent-completed Edinburgh Handedness Inventory, for both direction and degree. The severity of stuttering was not found to correlate with the degree of handedness. We suggest that parents and professionals not treat left- or mixed-hand preference as a reason for concern with regards to stuttering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiwa Mohammadi
- Department of Neurology & Sleep Disorders Research Center, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Marietta Papadatou-Pastou
- School of Education, Faculty of Primary Education, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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27
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Abstract
Handedness ontogenesis is still under debate in science. This systematic review analyzed articles regarding the theories and basis of handedness formation, highlighting the historical knowledge path that this literature underwent. Cochrane Library, LILACS, Web of Sciences, Science Direct and PubMed databases were searched. This review included review studies with handedness as the main topic. Only papers written in English with analyses exclusively in neurotypical humans (any age range) were included. Different approaches (genetic, neural, social, and behavioural) were reviewed in light of growing evidence, summarizing the current state of the art. Genetic and environmental/social impacts are common points in most of the reviews, each given more or less importance, depending on the author and theory proposed. Multifactorial, developmental approaches to handedness formation seem to be the most up to date view of the phenomenon. Different control mechanisms between hemisphere and neural asymmetries are also contributing factors to handedness formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Jehan Marcori
- Physical Education Department, Motor Neuroscience Research Group, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Victor Hugo Alves Okazaki
- Physical Education Department, Motor Neuroscience Research Group, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
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28
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Schmitz J, Güntürkün O, Ocklenburg S. Building an Asymmetrical Brain: The Molecular Perspective. Front Psychol 2019; 10:982. [PMID: 31133928 PMCID: PMC6524718 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain is one of the most prominent examples for structural and functional differences between the left and right half of the body. For handedness and language lateralization, the most widely investigated behavioral phenotypes, only a small fraction of phenotypic variance has been explained by molecular genetic studies. Due to environmental factors presumably also playing a role in their ontogenesis and based on first molecular evidence, it has been suggested that functional hemispheric asymmetries are partly under epigenetic control. This review article aims to elucidate the molecular factors underlying hemispheric asymmetries and their association with inner organ asymmetries. While we previously suggested that epigenetic mechanisms might partly account for the missing heritability of handedness, this article extends this idea by suggesting possible alternatives for transgenerational transmission of epigenetic states that do not require germ line epigenetic transmission. This is in line with a multifactorial model of hemispheric asymmetries, integrating genetic, environmental, and epigenetic influencing factors in their ontogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Schmitz
- Biopsychology, Department of Psychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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29
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de Kovel CGF, Francks C. The molecular genetics of hand preference revisited. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5986. [PMID: 30980028 PMCID: PMC6461639 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42515-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hand preference is a prominent behavioural trait linked to human brain asymmetry. A handful of genetic variants have been reported to associate with hand preference or quantitative measures related to it. Most of these reports were on the basis of limited sample sizes, by current standards for genetic analysis of complex traits. Here we performed a genome-wide association analysis of hand preference in the large, population-based UK Biobank cohort (N = 331,037). We used gene-set enrichment analysis to investigate whether genes involved in visceral asymmetry are particularly relevant to hand preference, following one previous report. We found no evidence supporting any of the previously suggested variants or genes, nor that genes involved in visceral laterality have a role in hand preference. It remains possible that some of the previously reported genes or pathways are relevant to hand preference as assessed in other ways, or else are relevant within specific disorder populations. However, some or all of the earlier findings are likely to be false positives, and none of them appear relevant to hand preference as defined categorically in the general population. Our analysis did produce a small number of novel, significant associations, including one implicating the microtubule-associated gene MAP2 in handedness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolien G F de Kovel
- Department of Language & Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Clyde Francks
- Department of Language & Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Increased Perceptual and Motor Performance of the Arms of Elite Water Polo Players. Appl Bionics Biomech 2019; 2019:6763470. [PMID: 30867678 PMCID: PMC6379865 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6763470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It has been stated that long-term participation in sport training can influence the motor asymmetry of the arms with a decreased interlimb difference. However, whether this pattern is observable in different sports and with different variables, like perceptual performance, still needs to be tested. Therefore, we investigated if long-term sports participation might modify the motor and perceptual performance asymmetries of arms in water polo players. It was hypothesized that water polo players would perform with less interlimb asymmetry in comparison to nonathletes. Methods Right-handed water polo players and nonathletes were tested on motor performance for both arms during a reaching task. Thirteen water polo players and thirteen nonathletes performed reaching movements under two experimental conditions: (a) right arm and (b) left arm. Velocity, accuracy, hand path deviation from linearity, and reaction time were calculated for each trial and for both arms. The potential interlimb differences in movement performance could be assessed by testing. Results Consistent with the hypothesis, our findings showed that water polo players displayed substantially less asymmetry in the performance of accuracy and reaction time. Conclusions These findings suggest that performance asymmetries of arms can be altered via intense long-term practice.
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A large-scale population study of early life factors influencing left-handedness. Sci Rep 2019; 9:584. [PMID: 30679750 PMCID: PMC6345846 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37423-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hand preference is a conspicuous variation in human behaviour, with a worldwide proportion of around 90% of people preferring to use the right hand for many tasks, and 10% the left hand. We used the large cohort of the UK biobank (~500,000 participants) to study possible relations between early life factors and adult hand preference. The probability of being left-handed was affected by the year and location of birth, likely due to cultural effects. In addition, hand preference was affected by birthweight, being part of a multiple birth, season of birth, breastfeeding, and sex, with each effect remaining significant after accounting for all others. Analysis of genome-wide genotype data showed that left-handedness was very weakly heritable, but shared no genetic basis with birthweight. Although on average left-handers and right-handers differed for a number of early life factors, all together these factors had only a minimal predictive value for individual hand preference.
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Prieur J, Lemasson A, Barbu S, Blois‐Heulin C. History, development and current advances concerning the evolutionary roots of human right‐handedness and language: Brain lateralisation and manual laterality in non‐human primates. Ethology 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/eth.12827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Prieur
- CNRS, EthoS (Ethologie animale et humaine) – UMR 6552 Universite de Rennes, Normandie Universite Paimpont France
| | - Alban Lemasson
- CNRS, EthoS (Ethologie animale et humaine) – UMR 6552 Universite de Rennes, Normandie Universite Paimpont France
| | - Stéphanie Barbu
- CNRS, EthoS (Ethologie animale et humaine) – UMR 6552 Universite de Rennes, Normandie Universite Paimpont France
| | - Catherine Blois‐Heulin
- CNRS, EthoS (Ethologie animale et humaine) – UMR 6552 Universite de Rennes, Normandie Universite Paimpont France
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Cinciute S, Daktariunas A, Ruksenas O. Hemodynamic effects of sex and handedness on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test: the contradiction between neuroimaging and behavioural results. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5890. [PMID: 30498629 PMCID: PMC6252064 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the potential role of sex and handedness on the performance of a computerised Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) in healthy participants by applying functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). We demonstrated significant (p < 0.05) sex-related differences of hemodynamic response in the prefrontal cortex of 70 healthy participants (female, n = 35 and male, n = 35; right-handed, n = 40 and left-handed, n = 30). In contrast, behavioural results of the WCST do not show sex bias, which is consistent with previous literature. Because of this, we compared ours and sparse previous fNIRS studies on the WCST. We propose that, according to recent studies of neurovascular coupling, this contradiction between neuroimaging and behavioural results may be explained by normal variability in neurovascular dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigita Cinciute
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Algis Daktariunas
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Osvaldas Ruksenas
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
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Galamb K, Szilágyi B, Magyar OM, Hortobágyi T, Nagatomi R, Váczi M, Négyesi J. Effects of side-dominance on knee joint proprioceptive target-matching asymmetries. Physiol Int 2018; 105:257-265. [PMID: 30269560 DOI: 10.1556/2060.105.2018.3.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Right- and left-side-dominant individuals reveal target-matching asymmetries between joints of the dominant and non-dominant upper limbs. However, it is unclear if such asymmetries are also present in lower limb's joints. We hypothesized that right-side-dominant participants perform knee joint target-matching tasks more accurately with their non-dominant leg compared to left-side-dominant participants. METHODS Participants performed position sense tasks using each leg by moving each limb separately and passively on an isokinetic dynamometer. RESULTS Side-dominance affected (p < 0.05) knee joint absolute position errors only in the non-dominant leg but not in the dominant leg: right-side-dominant participants produced less absolute position errors (2.82° ± 0.72°) with the non-dominant leg compared to left-side-dominant young participants (3.54° ± 0.33°). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, right-side-dominant participants tend to perform a target-matching task more accurately with the non-dominant leg compared to left-side-dominant participants. Our results extend the literature by showing that right-hemisphere specialization under proprioceptive target-matching tasks may be not evident at the lower limb joints.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Galamb
- 1 Pain Clinic , Budapest, Hungary.,2 Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome , Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - T Hortobágyi
- 3 Center for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen , Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - R Nagatomi
- 4 Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Japan.,5 Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health & Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering , Sendai, Japan
| | - M Váczi
- 6 Institute of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Pécs , Pécs, Hungary
| | - J Négyesi
- 1 Pain Clinic , Budapest, Hungary.,4 Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Japan
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Michel GF, Babik I, Nelson EL, Campbell JM, Marcinowski EC. Evolution and development of handedness: An Evo-Devo approach. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2018; 238:347-374. [PMID: 30097200 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hand preference is a sensorimotor skill whose development both reflects and promotes the development of hemispheric lateralization for manual and cognitive functions. Extensive comparative, crosscultural, and paleoanthropological evidence demonstrates the prevalence of limb lateralized preferences across vertebrate species and the prevalence of right-handedness within hominid evolution. Many reviews of the evolution and development of human handedness have proposed adaptive explanations for its evolution. However, during the last 3 decades a new approach to understanding evolution (the Extended Evolutionary Synthesis-EES) provided a persuasive alternative to the conventional (Neo-Darwinian Synthetic Theory-ST) evolutionary and developmental accounts. EES combines modern evolutionary and developmental research (Evo-Devo) in ways that alter understanding of natural selection, adaptation, and the role of genes in development and evolution. These changes make obsolete all past accounts of the evolution and development of lateralization and handedness because EES/Evo-Devo requires new study designs. The developmental trajectories of any structural or functional trait must be specified so that it may be related to variations in the developmental trajectories of other traits. First, we describe how the EES/Evo-Devo differs from the conventional ST, particularly for understanding of how traits develop. Then, we apply Evo-Devo to the study of handedness development in infancy and its relation to the development of other cognitive functions. Finally, we argue that identifying the development of atypical traits would benefit from knowledge of the range of individual differences in typical developmental trajectories of hand-use preference and their relation to variations in the developmental trajectories of cognitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- George F Michel
- Psychology Department, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, United States.
| | - Iryna Babik
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | - Eliza L Nelson
- Psychology Department, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Julie M Campbell
- Psychology Department, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, United States
| | - Emily C Marcinowski
- Department of Physical Therapy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
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Abstract
The mechanisms behind handedness formation in humans are still poorly understood. Very low birthweight is associated with higher odds of left-handedness, but whether this is due to low birthweight itself or premature birth is unknown. Handedness has also been linked to development, but the role of birthweight behind this association is unclear. Knowing that birthweight is lower in multiple births, triplets being about 1.5 kg lighter in comparison with singletons, and that multiples have a higher prevalence of left-handedness than singletons, we studied the association between birthweight and handedness in two large samples consisting exclusively of triplets from Japan (n = 1,305) and the Netherlands (n = 947). In both samples, left-handers had significantly lower birthweight (Japanese mean = 1,599 g [95% confidence interval (CI): 1,526-1,672 g]; Dutch mean = 1,794 g [95% CI: 1,709-1,879 g]) compared with right-handers (Japanese mean = 1,727 g [95% CI: 1,699-1,755 g]; Dutch mean = 1,903 g [95% CI: 1,867-1,938 g]). Within-family and between-family analyses both suggested that left-handedness is associated with lower birthweight, also when fully controlling for gestational age. Left-handers also had significantly delayed motor development and smaller infant head circumference compared with right-handers, but these associations diluted and became nonsignificant when controlling for birthweight. Our study in triplets provides evidence for the link between low birthweight and left-handedness. Our results also suggest that developmental differences between left- and right-handers are due to a shared etiology associated with low birthweight.
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Woodley of Menie MA, Fernandes HB, Kanazawa S, Dutton E. Sinistrality is associated with (slightly) lower general intelligence: A data synthesis and consideration of the secular trend in handedness. HOMO-JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE HUMAN BIOLOGY 2018; 69:118-126. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchb.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Prieur J, Barbu S, Blois-Heulin C. Human laterality for manipulation and gestural communication related to 60 everyday activities: Impact of multiple individual-related factors. Cortex 2018; 99:118-134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2017.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Ntolka E, Papadatou-Pastou M. Right-handers have negligibly higher IQ scores than left-handers: Systematic review and meta-analyses. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 84:376-393. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Schmitz J, Metz GA, Güntürkün O, Ocklenburg S. Beyond the genome—Towards an epigenetic understanding of handedness ontogenesis. Prog Neurobiol 2017; 159:69-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Lee HJ, Schneider RF, Manousaki T, Kang JH, Lein E, Franchini P, Meyer A. Lateralized Feeding Behavior is Associated with Asymmetrical Neuroanatomy and Lateralized Gene Expressions in the Brain in Scale-Eating Cichlid Fish. Genome Biol Evol 2017; 9:3122-3136. [PMID: 29069363 PMCID: PMC5737854 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evx218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lateralized behavior ("handedness") is unusual, but consistently found across diverse animal lineages, including humans. It is thought to reflect brain anatomical and/or functional asymmetries, but its neuro-molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Lake Tanganyika scale-eating cichlid fish, Perissodus microlepis show pronounced asymmetry in their jaw morphology as well as handedness in feeding behavior-biting scales preferentially only from one or the other side of their victims. This makes them an ideal model in which to investigate potential laterality in neuroanatomy and transcription in the brain in relation to behavioral handedness. After determining behavioral handedness in P. microlepis (preferred attack side), we estimated the volume of the hemispheres of brain regions and captured their gene expression profiles. Our analyses revealed that the degree of behavioral handedness is mirrored at the level of neuroanatomical asymmetry, particularly in the tectum opticum. Transcriptome analyses showed that different brain regions (tectum opticum, telencephalon, hypothalamus, and cerebellum) display distinct expression patterns, potentially reflecting their developmental interrelationships. For numerous genes in each brain region, their extent of expression differences between hemispheres was found to be correlated with the degree of behavioral lateralization. Interestingly, the tectum opticum and telencephalon showed divergent biases on the direction of up- or down-regulation of the laterality candidate genes (e.g., grm2) in the hemispheres, highlighting the connection of handedness with gene expression profiles and the different roles of these brain regions. Hence, handedness in predation behavior may be caused by asymmetric size of brain hemispheres and also by lateralized gene expressions in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuk Je Lee
- Department of Biology, Lehrstuhl für Zoologie und Evolutionsbiologie, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- Present address: Molecular Ecology and Evolution Laboratory, Department of Biological Science, Sangji University, Wonju, Korea
| | - Ralf F Schneider
- Department of Biology, Lehrstuhl für Zoologie und Evolutionsbiologie, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Tereza Manousaki
- Department of Biology, Lehrstuhl für Zoologie und Evolutionsbiologie, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- Present address: Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology, and Aquaculture (IMBBC), Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ji Hyoun Kang
- Department of Biology, Lehrstuhl für Zoologie und Evolutionsbiologie, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- Present address: Korean Entomological Institute, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Etienne Lein
- Department of Biology, Lehrstuhl für Zoologie und Evolutionsbiologie, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- Present address: Department of Collective Behaviour, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology and University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Paolo Franchini
- Department of Biology, Lehrstuhl für Zoologie und Evolutionsbiologie, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Axel Meyer
- Department of Biology, Lehrstuhl für Zoologie und Evolutionsbiologie, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
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Schmitz J, Kumsta R, Moser D, Güntürkün O, Ocklenburg S. DNA methylation in candidate genes for handedness predicts handedness direction. Laterality 2017; 23:441-461. [DOI: 10.1080/1357650x.2017.1377726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Judith Schmitz
- Biopsychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Robert Kumsta
- Genetic Psychology, Department of Psychology, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Dirk Moser
- Genetic Psychology, Department of Psychology, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Onur Güntürkün
- Biopsychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany
- Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Study (STIAS), Wallenberg Research Centre at Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Sebastian Ocklenburg
- Biopsychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany
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44
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Lateralized scale-eating behaviour of cichlid is acquired by learning to use the naturally stronger side. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8984. [PMID: 28827740 PMCID: PMC5567130 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09342-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The scale-eating cichlid Perissodus microlepis exhibits significant lateralised predation behaviour using an asymmetric mouth. But how the acquisition of the behavioural laterality depends, if at all, on experience during development remains obscure. Here, naïve juveniles were tested in a series of predation sessions. Initially, they attacked both sides of the prey, but during subsequent sessions, attack direction gradually lateralised to the skewed mouth (dominant) side. Attack side preference of juveniles that had accumulated scale-eating experience during successive sessions was significantly higher than that of naïve juveniles at the same age and naïve adults. Thus, the lateralised behaviour was a learned experience, and did not develop with age. Surprisingly, however, both maximum amplitude and angular velocity of body flexion during attack of naïve fish was dominant on one side. Therefore, scale-eating fish have a naturally stronger side for attacking prey fish, and they learn to use the dominant side through experience.
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Prieur J, Barbu S, Blois-Heulin C. Assessment and analysis of human laterality for manipulation and communication using the Rennes Laterality Questionnaire. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2017; 4:170035. [PMID: 28878966 PMCID: PMC5579081 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.170035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite significant scientific advances, the nature of the left-hemispheric systems involved in language (speech and gesture) and manual actions is still unclear. To date, investigations of human laterality focused mainly on non-communication functions. Although gestural laterality data have been published for infants and children, relatively little is known about laterality of human gestural communication. This study investigated human laterality in depth considering non-communication manipulation actions and various gesture types involving hands, feet, face and ears. We constructed an online laterality questionnaire including 60 items related to daily activities. We collected 317 594 item responses by 5904 randomly selected participants. The highest percentages of strong left-lateralized (6.76%) and strong right-lateralized participants (75.19%) were for manipulation actions. The highest percentages of mixed left-lateralized (12.30%) and ambidextrous (50.23%) participants were found for head-related gestures. The highest percentage of mixed right-lateralized participants (55.33%) was found for auditory gestures. Every behavioural category showed a significant population-level right-side bias. More precisely, participants were predominantly right-lateralized for non-communication manual actions, for visual iconic, visual symbolic, visual deictic (with and without speech), tactile and auditory manual gestures as well as for podial and head-related gestures. Our findings support previous studies reporting that humans have left-brain predominance for gestures and complex motor activities such as tool-use. Our study shows that the Rennes Laterality Questionnaire is a useful research instrument to assess and analyse human laterality for both manipulation and communication functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Prieur
- Ethos ‘Ethologie Animale et Humaine’, Université de Rennes 1 - CNRS UMR 6552, Station biologique de Paimpont, France
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46
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Schmitz J, Lor S, Klose R, Güntürkün O, Ocklenburg S. The Functional Genetics of Handedness and Language Lateralization: Insights from Gene Ontology, Pathway and Disease Association Analyses. Front Psychol 2017; 8:1144. [PMID: 28729848 PMCID: PMC5498560 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Handedness and language lateralization are partially determined by genetic influences. It has been estimated that at least 40 (and potentially more) possibly interacting genes may influence the ontogenesis of hemispheric asymmetries. Recently, it has been suggested that analyzing the genetics of hemispheric asymmetries on the level of gene ontology sets, rather than at the level of individual genes, might be more informative for understanding the underlying functional cascades. Here, we performed gene ontology, pathway and disease association analyses on genes that have previously been associated with handedness and language lateralization. Significant gene ontology sets for handedness were anatomical structure development, pattern specification (especially asymmetry formation) and biological regulation. Pathway analysis highlighted the importance of the TGF-beta signaling pathway for handedness ontogenesis. Significant gene ontology sets for language lateralization were responses to different stimuli, nervous system development, transport, signaling, and biological regulation. Despite the fact that some authors assume that handedness and language lateralization share a common ontogenetic basis, gene ontology sets barely overlap between phenotypes. Compared to genes involved in handedness, which mostly contribute to structural development, genes involved in language lateralization rather contribute to activity-dependent cognitive processes. Disease association analysis revealed associations of genes involved in handedness with diseases affecting the whole body, while genes involved in language lateralization were specifically engaged in mental and neurological diseases. These findings further support the idea that handedness and language lateralization are ontogenetically independent, complex phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Schmitz
- Department of Biopsychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University BochumBochum, Germany
| | - Stephanie Lor
- Department of Biopsychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University BochumBochum, Germany
| | - Rena Klose
- Department of Biopsychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University BochumBochum, Germany
| | - Onur Güntürkün
- Department of Biopsychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University BochumBochum, Germany
| | - Sebastian Ocklenburg
- Department of Biopsychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University BochumBochum, Germany
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Ocklenburg S, Schmitz J, Moinfar Z, Moser D, Klose R, Lor S, Kunz G, Tegenthoff M, Faustmann P, Francks C, Epplen JT, Kumsta R, Güntürkün O. Epigenetic regulation of lateralized fetal spinal gene expression underlies hemispheric asymmetries. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28145864 PMCID: PMC5295814 DOI: 10.7554/elife.22784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lateralization is a fundamental principle of nervous system organization but its molecular determinants are mostly unknown. In humans, asymmetric gene expression in the fetal cortex has been suggested as the molecular basis of handedness. However, human fetuses already show considerable asymmetries in arm movements before the motor cortex is functionally linked to the spinal cord, making it more likely that spinal gene expression asymmetries form the molecular basis of handedness. We analyzed genome-wide mRNA expression and DNA methylation in cervical and anterior thoracal spinal cord segments of five human fetuses and show development-dependent gene expression asymmetries. These gene expression asymmetries were epigenetically regulated by miRNA expression asymmetries in the TGF-β signaling pathway and lateralized methylation of CpG islands. Our findings suggest that molecular mechanisms for epigenetic regulation within the spinal cord constitute the starting point for handedness, implying a fundamental shift in our understanding of the ontogenesis of hemispheric asymmetries in humans. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.22784.001
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Ocklenburg
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department Biopsychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Judith Schmitz
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department Biopsychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Zahra Moinfar
- Department of Neuroanatomy and Molecular Brain Research, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Dirk Moser
- Department of Genetic Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Rena Klose
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department Biopsychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Stephanie Lor
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department Biopsychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Georg Kunz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Johannes Hospital, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Martin Tegenthoff
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany
| | - Pedro Faustmann
- Department of Neuroanatomy and Molecular Brain Research, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Clyde Francks
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jörg T Epplen
- Department of Human Genetics, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Robert Kumsta
- Department of Genetic Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Onur Güntürkün
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department Biopsychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Study (STIAS), Wallenberg Research Centre at Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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48
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Tsunoda A, Sumi T, Terasaki O, Kishimoto S. Right dominance in the incidence of external auditory canal squamous cell carcinoma in the Japanese population: Does handedness affect carcinogenesis? Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2017; 2:19-22. [PMID: 28894818 PMCID: PMC5510281 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives/Hypothesis To investigate the relationship between handedness and the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma in the external auditory canal (EACSCC). Materials and Methods Sixty‐eight cases of EACSCC were enrolled in this study, and their affected side was checked. Handedness and ear‐picking habits were also investigated in 34 EACSCC cases. Handedness was judged based on self‐categorization, and the relationship between handedness and the affected side was investigated. Results Fifty‐two cases occurred on the right side, and 16 cases occurred on the left side of patients with EACSCC. The incidence of laterality in EACSCC showed a statistically significant right dominance. Concerning handedness, 29 cases were right‐handed, 4 cases were left‐handed, and 1 case was ambidextrous. Twenty‐seven out of the 29 right‐handed cases and 1 ambidextrous case suffered from carcinoma on the right side, whereas 3 left‐handed cases suffered from carcinoma on the left side. That is, most of the cases suffered from EACSCC on the same side as their handedness, and this tendency showed a statistically significant difference. Most of the patients with EACSCC experienced itching and habitual ear‐picking in the affected side. Conclusion Mechanical stimulations to the EAC, such as ear picking, may plausibly cause EACSCC. In Japan, ear picking, also called “mimikaki,” is a popular habit and an established unique culture. Because ear picking requires delicate handling and manipulation, this tends to occur on the same side as the handedness in the Japanese population. This is the first report about the relationship between handedness and carcinogenesis. Level of Evidence N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsunobu Tsunoda
- Department of Otolaryngology Juntendo University Nerima Hospital Tokyo Japan
| | - Takuro Sumi
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan
| | | | - Seiji Kishimoto
- Department of Otolaryngology Kameda Medical Center Kamogawa Japan
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Sartarelli M. Handedness, Earnings, Ability and Personality. Evidence from the Lab. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164412. [PMID: 27788156 PMCID: PMC5082911 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence showing that on average left-handed (L), who are 10% in a population, tend to earn less than others is solely based on survey data. This paper is the first to test the relationship between handedness and earnings experimentally and also to assess whether the mechanism underlying it is predominantly cognitive or psychological. Data on 432 undergraduate students show that L do not obtain significantly different payoffs, a proxy for earnings, in a stylised labour market with multiple principals and agents. Similarly, scores in the Cognitive Reflection Test are not significantly different. Data on personality, measured using the Big Five test, show, instead, that L are significantly more agreeable and L females more extroverted. In addition, earnings significantly vary with personality only for L, increasing with extraversion and decreasing with neuroticism. Overall, our results fail to reject the null hypothesis that earnings do not differ by handedness and suggest differences in personality as a novel mechanism to rationalise L’s behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Sartarelli
- Universidad de Alicante, Departamento de Fundamentos del Análisis Económico, Alicante, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Left in the Genes. Laterality 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-801239-0.00002-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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