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Napierała M, Suwalska A, Pucher B, Rybakowski JK. Speech Understanding in Manic and Depressive Episodes of Mood Disorders. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 34:414-421. [PMID: 35414193 DOI: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.21050125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the perception of speech in adverse acoustic conditions during manic and depressive episodes of mood disorders. METHODS Forty-three patients with bipolar disorder (mania, N=20; depression, N=23) and 32 patients with unipolar depression were included for analyses. Thirty-five participants served as the control group. The study of speech understanding was carried out using the Polish Sentence Matrix Test, allowing for the determination of the speech reception threshold (SRT). The test was performed in the clinical groups both during an acute episode and remission; during remission, patients underwent audiometric evaluation. RESULTS Compared with control subjects, patients with mood disorders had worse speech understanding (higher SRT), regardless of the episode or remission. A manic episode in the course of bipolar disorder was not associated with worse speech understanding compared with remission of mania. However, an episode of depression in the course of both bipolar disorder and unipolar depression was associated with worse speech understanding compared with remission of depression. In bipolar depression, this correlated with age, duration of the disorder, number of episodes, and number of hospitalizations, as well as in remission with age and duration of illness. In unipolar depression, poor speech understanding was more severe in individuals with hearing impairment. CONCLUSIONS These findings revealed that patients with mood disorders had impaired speech understanding, even while in remission, and manic episodes in the course of bipolar disorder were not associated with impaired speech understanding compared with mania remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Napierała
- Departments of Mental Health (Napierała, Suwalska), Adult Psychiatry (Napierała, Rybakowski), and Paediatric Otolaryngology (Pucher), Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Suwalska
- Departments of Mental Health (Napierała, Suwalska), Adult Psychiatry (Napierała, Rybakowski), and Paediatric Otolaryngology (Pucher), Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Beata Pucher
- Departments of Mental Health (Napierała, Suwalska), Adult Psychiatry (Napierała, Rybakowski), and Paediatric Otolaryngology (Pucher), Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Janusz K Rybakowski
- Departments of Mental Health (Napierała, Suwalska), Adult Psychiatry (Napierała, Rybakowski), and Paediatric Otolaryngology (Pucher), Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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2
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McHaney JR, Tessmer R, Roark CL, Chandrasekaran B. Working memory relates to individual differences in speech category learning: Insights from computational modeling and pupillometry. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2021; 222:105010. [PMID: 34454285 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2021.105010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Across two experiments, we examine the relationship between individual differences in working memory (WM) and the acquisition of non-native speech categories in adulthood. While WM is associated with individual differences in a variety of learning tasks, successful acquisition of speech categories is argued to be contingent on WM-independent procedural-learning mechanisms. Thus, the role of WM in speech category learning is unclear. In Experiment 1, we show that individuals with higher WM acquire non-native speech categories faster and to a greater extent than those with lower WM. In Experiment 2, we replicate these results and show that individuals with higher WM use more optimal, procedural-based learning strategies and demonstrate more distinct speech-evoked pupillary responses for correct relative to incorrect trials. We propose that higher WM may allow for greater stimulus-related attention, resulting in more robust representations and optimal learning strategies. We discuss implications for neurobiological models of speech category learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacie R McHaney
- Department of Communication Science and Disorders, University of Pittsburgh, United States
| | - Rachel Tessmer
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, United States
| | - Casey L Roark
- Department of Communication Science and Disorders, University of Pittsburgh, United States; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Bharath Chandrasekaran
- Department of Communication Science and Disorders, University of Pittsburgh, United States.
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3
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Yi H, Smiljanic R, Chandrasekaran B. The Effect of Talker and Listener Depressive Symptoms on Speech Intelligibility. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2019; 62:4269-4281. [PMID: 31738862 PMCID: PMC7201326 DOI: 10.1044/2019_jslhr-s-19-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose This study examined the effect of depressive symptoms on production and perception of conversational and clear speech (CS) sentences. Method Five talkers each with high-depressive (HD) and low-depressive (LD) symptoms read sentences in conversational and clear speaking style. Acoustic measures of speaking rate, mean fundamental frequency (F0; Hz), F0 range (Hz), and energy in the 1-3 kHz range (dB) were obtained. Thirty-two young adult participants (15 HD, 16 LD) heard these conversational and clear sentences mixed with energetic masking (speech-shaped noise) at -5 dB SPL signal-to-noise ratio. Another group of 39 young adult participants (18 HD, 19 LD) heard the same sentences mixed with informational masking (one-talker competing speech) at -12 dB SPL signal-to-noise ratio. The key word correct score was obtained. Results CS was characterized by a decreased speaking rate, increased F0 mean and range, and increased energy in the 1-3 kHz range. Talkers with HD symptoms produced these modifications significantly less compared to talkers with LD symptoms. When listening to speech in energetic masking (speech-shaped noise), listeners with both HD and LD symptoms benefited less from the CS produced by HD talkers. Listeners with HD symptoms performed significantly worse than listeners with LD symptoms when listening to speech in informational masking (one-talker competing speech). Conclusions Results provide evidence that depressive symptoms impact intelligibility and have the potential to aid in clinical decision making for individuals with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoyoung Yi
- Department of Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock
| | - Rajka Smiljanic
- Department of Linguistics, The University of Texas at Austin
| | - Bharath Chandrasekaran
- Department of Communication Science and Disorders and Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, PA
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4
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Xie Z, Zinszer BD, Riggs M, Beevers CG, Chandrasekaran B. Impact of depression on speech perception in noise. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220928. [PMID: 31415624 PMCID: PMC6695097 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective speech communication is critical to everyday quality of life and social well-being. In addition to the well-studied deficits in cognitive and motor function, depression also impacts communication. Here, we examined speech perception in individuals who were clinically diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) relative to neurotypical controls. Forty-two normal-hearing (NH) individuals with MDD and 41 NH neurotypical controls performed sentence recognition tasks across three conditions with maskers varying in the extent of linguistic content (high, low, and none): 1-talker masker (1T), reversed 1-talker masker (1T_tr), and speech-shaped noise (SSN). Individuals with MDD, relative to neurotypical controls, demonstrated lower recognition accuracy in the 1T condition but not in the 1T_tr or SSN condition. To examine the nature of the listening condition-specific speech perception deficit, we analyzed speech recognition errors. Errors as a result of interference from masker sentences were higher for individuals with MDD (vs. neurotypical controls) in the 1T condition. This depression-related listening condition-specific pattern in recognition errors was not observed for other error types. We posit that this depression-related listening condition-specific deficit in speech perception may be related to heightened distractibility due to linguistic interference from background talkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Xie
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, University of Maryland, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Benjamin D. Zinszer
- Department of Linguistics and Cognitive Science, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States of America
| | - Meredith Riggs
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America
| | - Christopher G. Beevers
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America
- Institute for Mental Health Research, Austin, Texas, United States of America
| | - Bharath Chandrasekaran
- Department of Communication Science and Disorders, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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Zinszer BD, Riggs M, Reetzke R, Chandrasekaran B. Error patterns of native and non-native listeners' perception of speech in noise. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2019; 145:EL129. [PMID: 30823795 PMCID: PMC6365288 DOI: 10.1121/1.5087271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Speech perception in noise requires both bottom-up sampling of the stimulus and top-down reconstruction of the masked signal from a language model. Previous studies have provided mixed evidence about the exact role that linguistic knowledge plays in native and non-native listeners' perception of masked speech. This paper describes an analysis of whole utterance, content word, and morphosyntactic error patterns to test the prediction that non-native listeners are uniquely affected by energetic and informational masks because of limited information at multiple linguistic levels. The results reveal a consistent disadvantage for non-native listeners at all three levels in challenging listening environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D Zinszer
- Department of Linguistics and Cognitive Science, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - Meredith Riggs
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78705, USA
| | - Rachel Reetzke
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78705, USA
| | - Bharath Chandrasekaran
- Department of Communication Science and Disorders and Center for Neural Bases of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15620, , , ,
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Zhang S, Zhao J, Guo Z, Jones JA, Liu P, Liu H. The Association Between Genetic Variation in FOXP2 and Sensorimotor Control of Speech Production. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:666. [PMID: 30294257 PMCID: PMC6158330 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant advances have been made in understanding the role of auditory feedback in sensorimotor integration for speech production. The neurogenetic basis of this feedback-based control process, however, remains largely unknown. Mutations of FOXP2 gene in humans are associated with severe deficits in speech motor behavior. The present study examined the associations between a FOXP2 common variant, rs6980093 (A/G), and the behavioral and event-related potential (ERP) responses to -50 and -200 cents pitch perturbations during vocal production in a sample of 133 Chinese adults. Behaviorally, the GG genotype was associated with significantly smaller vocal compensations for -200 cents perturbations relative to the AA and AG genotypes. Furthermore, both the AA and AG genotypes exhibited significant positive correlations between the degree of vocal compensation for -50 and -200 cents perturbations and the variability of normal voice fundamental frequency, whereas no such correlation existed for the GG genotype. At the cortical level, significantly larger P2 responses to -200 cents perturbations were associated with the GG genotype as compared to the AA and AG genotypes due to increased left-lateralized activity in the superior, middle, and inferior frontal gyrus, precentral gyrus, anterior cingulate cortex, middle temporal gyrus, and insula. The neurobehavioral responses to -50 cents perturbations, however, did not vary as a function of genotype. These findings present the first neurobehavioral evidence for an association between FOXP2 genetic variant and auditory-motor integration for vocal pitch regulation. The differential effects of FOXP2 genotypes at rs6980093 may reflect their influences on the weighting of feedback and feedforward control of speech production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyun Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiangli Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Guo
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, Zhuhai College of Jilin University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Jeffery A Jones
- Department of Psychology, Laurier Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanjun Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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7
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Smayda KE, Worthy DA, Chandrasekaran B. Better late than never (or early): Music training in late childhood is associated with enhanced decision-making. PSYCHOLOGY OF MUSIC 2018; 46:734-748. [PMID: 34385757 PMCID: PMC8356733 DOI: 10.1177/0305735617723721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Decision-making is critical to everyday life. Here we ask: to what extent does music training benefit decision-making? Supported by strong associations between music training and enhanced cross-domain skills, we hypothesize that musicians may show decision-making advantages relative to non-musicians. Prior work has also argued for a "critical period" for cross-domain plasticity such that beginning music training early enhances sensorimotor brain regions that mature early in life. Given that brain regions supporting decision-making begin maturing late in childhood, we hypothesized that an advantage in decision-making may only be present in musicians who began music training later in childhood. To test this hypothesis, young adults who began music training before and after 8 years of age (early-trained musicians, ET; late-trained musicians, LT, respectively) and non-musicians (NM) performed a decision-making task. We found a decision-making advantage in LT relative to ET and NM. To better understand the mechanism of the LT advantage, we conducted computational modeling on participant responses and found that LT were less biased by recent outcomes and incorporated longer strings of outcomes when deciding among the choice options. These results tentatively suggest that music training may confer decision-making enhancements, and carry strong implications for the utility of music training in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten E Smayda
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Darrell A Worthy
- Department of Psychology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Bharath Chandrasekaran
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Linguistics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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8
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Wu C, Zheng Y, Li J, She S, Peng H, Li L. Cortical Gray Matter Loss, Augmented Vulnerability to Speech-on-Speech Masking, and Delusion in People With Schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:287. [PMID: 30022955 PMCID: PMC6040158 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
People with schizophrenia exhibit impairments in target-speech recognition (TSR) against multiple-talker-induced informational speech masking. Up to date, the underlying neural mechanisms and its relationships with psychotic symptoms remain largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate whether the schizophrenia-associated TSR impairment contribute to certain psychotic symptoms by sharing underlying alternations in cortical gray-matter volume (GMV) with the psychotic symptoms. Participants with schizophrenia (N = 34) and their matched healthy controls (N = 29) were tested for TSR against a two-talker-speech masker. Psychotic symptoms of participants with schizophrenia were evaluated using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. The regional GMV across various cortical regions was assessed using the voxel-based morphometry. The results of partial-correlation and mediation analyses showed that in participants with schizophrenia, the TSR was negatively correlated with the delusion severity, but positively with the GMV in the bilateral superior/middle temporal cortex, bilateral insular, left medial orbital frontal gyrus, left Rolandic operculum, left mid-cingulate cortex, left posterior fusiform, and left cerebellum. Moreover, the association between GMV and delusion was based on the mediating role played by the TSR performance. Thus, in people with schizophrenia, both delusions and the augmented vulnerability of TSR to informational masking are associated with each other and share the underlying cortical GMV reduction, suggesting that the origin of delusion in schizophrenia may be related to disorganized or limited informational processing (e.g., the incapability of adequately filtering information from multiple sources at the perceptual level). The TSR impairment can be a potential marker for predicting delusion severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wu
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingjun Zheng
- Guangzhou Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juanhua Li
- Guangzhou Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shenglin She
- Guangzhou Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongjun Peng
- Guangzhou Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Key Laboratory on Machine Perception, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Brain Disorder, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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9
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Lam BPW, Xie Z, Tessmer R, Chandrasekaran B. The Downside of Greater Lexical Influences: Selectively Poorer Speech Perception in Noise. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2017; 60:1662-1673. [PMID: 28586824 PMCID: PMC5544416 DOI: 10.1044/2017_jslhr-h-16-0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although lexical information influences phoneme perception, the extent to which reliance on lexical information enhances speech processing in challenging listening environments is unclear. We examined the extent to which individual differences in lexical influences on phonemic processing impact speech processing in maskers containing varying degrees of linguistic information (2-talker babble or pink noise). METHOD Twenty-nine monolingual English speakers were instructed to ignore the lexical status of spoken syllables (e.g., gift vs. kift) and to only categorize the initial phonemes (/g/ vs. /k/). The same participants then performed speech recognition tasks in the presence of 2-talker babble or pink noise in audio-only and audiovisual conditions. RESULTS Individuals who demonstrated greater lexical influences on phonemic processing experienced greater speech processing difficulties in 2-talker babble than in pink noise. These selective difficulties were present across audio-only and audiovisual conditions. CONCLUSION Individuals with greater reliance on lexical processes during speech perception exhibit impaired speech recognition in listening conditions in which competing talkers introduce audible linguistic interferences. Future studies should examine the locus of lexical influences/interferences on phonemic processing and speech-in-speech processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boji P. W. Lam
- Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, Moody College of Communication, The University of Texas at Austin
| | - Zilong Xie
- Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, Moody College of Communication, The University of Texas at Austin
| | - Rachel Tessmer
- Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, Moody College of Communication, The University of Texas at Austin
| | - Bharath Chandrasekaran
- Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, Moody College of Communication, The University of Texas at Austin
- Department of Psychology, College of Liberal Arts, The University of Texas at Austin
- Institute for Mental Health Research, College of Liberal Arts, The University of Texas at Austin
- Department of Linguistics, College of Liberal Arts, The University of Texas at Austin
- Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin
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10
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Fuermaier ABM, Hüpen P, De Vries SM, Müller M, Kok FM, Koerts J, Heutink J, Tucha L, Gerlach M, Tucha O. Perception in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 10:21-47. [PMID: 28401487 DOI: 10.1007/s12402-017-0230-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A large body of research demonstrated that individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) suffer from various neuropsychological deficits. In contrast, less is known and only divergent evidence exists on perceptual functions of individuals with ADHD. This is problematic as neuropsychological and perceptual functions are closely interrelated and are often difficult to disentangle in behavioral assessments. This study presents the conduct and results of a systematic literature review on perceptual functions in children and adults with ADHD. This review considers studies using psychophysical methods (objective measurements) and self- and informant reports (subjective measurements). Results indicate that individuals with ADHD have altered perceptual functions in various domains as compared to typically developing individuals. Increased perceptual functions in individuals with ADHD were found with regard to olfactory detection thresholds, whereas reduced perceptual functions were evident for aspects of visual and speech perception. Moreover, individuals with ADHD were found to experience discomfort to sensory stimuli at a lower level than typically developing individuals. Alterations of perceptual functions in individuals with ADHD were shown to be moderated by various factors, such as pharmacological treatment, cognitive functions, and symptom severity. We conclude by giving implications for daily life functioning and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anselm B M Fuermaier
- Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Philippa Hüpen
- Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Stefanie M De Vries
- Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Morgana Müller
- Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Francien M Kok
- Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Janneke Koerts
- Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Joost Heutink
- Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Centre of Expertise for Blind and Partially Sighted People, Royal Dutch Visio, 9752 AC, Haren, The Netherlands
| | - Lara Tucha
- Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Manfred Gerlach
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Centre for Mental Health, University Hospital of Würzburg, Füchsleinstrasse 15, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Tucha
- Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Francis AL, MacPherson MK, Chandrasekaran B, Alvar AM. Autonomic Nervous System Responses During Perception of Masked Speech may Reflect Constructs other than Subjective Listening Effort. Front Psychol 2016; 7:263. [PMID: 26973564 PMCID: PMC4772584 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Typically, understanding speech seems effortless and automatic. However, a variety of factors may, independently or interactively, make listening more effortful. Physiological measures may help to distinguish between the application of different cognitive mechanisms whose operation is perceived as effortful. In the present study, physiological and behavioral measures associated with task demand were collected along with behavioral measures of performance while participants listened to and repeated sentences. The goal was to measure psychophysiological reactivity associated with three degraded listening conditions, each of which differed in terms of the source of the difficulty (distortion, energetic masking, and informational masking), and therefore were expected to engage different cognitive mechanisms. These conditions were chosen to be matched for overall performance (keywords correct), and were compared to listening to unmasked speech produced by a natural voice. The three degraded conditions were: (1) Unmasked speech produced by a computer speech synthesizer, (2) Speech produced by a natural voice and masked byspeech-shaped noise and (3) Speech produced by a natural voice and masked by two-talker babble. Masked conditions were both presented at a -8 dB signal to noise ratio (SNR), a level shown in previous research to result in comparable levels of performance for these stimuli and maskers. Performance was measured in terms of proportion of key words identified correctly, and task demand or effort was quantified subjectively by self-report. Measures of psychophysiological reactivity included electrodermal (skin conductance) response frequency and amplitude, blood pulse amplitude and pulse rate. Results suggest that the two masked conditions evoked stronger psychophysiological reactivity than did the two unmasked conditions even when behavioral measures of listening performance and listeners’ subjective perception of task demand were comparable across the three degraded conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander L Francis
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN, USA
| | - Megan K MacPherson
- School of Communication Science and Disorders, Florida State University, Tallahassee FL, USA
| | - Bharath Chandrasekaran
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Texas at Austin Austin, TX, USA
| | - Ann M Alvar
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN, USA
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12
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Brain dopaminergic system related genetic variability interacts with target/mask timing in metacontrast masking. Neuropsychologia 2015; 71:112-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Revised: 02/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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