1
|
Lee TW, Li CSR, Tramontano G. Tripod transcranial alternating current stimulation at 5-Hz to alleviate anxiety symptoms: A preliminary report. J Affect Disord 2024; 360:156-162. [PMID: 38821364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.05.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION One of the most common applications of transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) at low current intensity is to induce a relaxed state or reduce anxiety. With technical advancement, different waveforms, montages, and parameters can be incorporated into the treatment regimen. We developed a novel protocol to treat individuals with anxiety disorders by transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS). METHODS A total of 27 individuals with anxiety disorders underwent tACS treatment for 12 sessions, with each session lasting 25 min. tACS at 5 Hz was applied to F4 (1.0 mA), P4 (1.0 mA), and T8 (2.0 mA) EEG lead positions (tripod), with sinewave oscillation between T8 and F4/P4. We evaluated the primary and secondary outcomes using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and neuropsychological assessments. RESULTS Of the 27 patients, 19 (70.4 %) experienced a reduction in symptom severity >50 %, with an average reduction of BAI 58.5 %. All reported side effects were mild, with itching or tingling being the most common complaint. No significant differences were noted in attention, linguistic working memory, visuospatial working memory, or long-term memory in neuropsychological assessments. CONCLUSION The results suggest the potential of this novel tripod tACS design as a rapid anxiety alleviator and the importance of a clinical trial to verify its efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tien-Wen Lee
- The NeuroCognitive Institute (NCI) Clinical Research Foundation, NJ 07856, USA
| | - Chiang-Shan R Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
| | - Gerald Tramontano
- The NeuroCognitive Institute (NCI) Clinical Research Foundation, NJ 07856, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Taylor C, Breault MS, Dorman D, Greene P, Sacré P, Sampson A, Niebur E, Stuphorn V, González-Martínez J, Sarma S. An Exploratory Study of Large-Scale Brain Networks during Gambling Using SEEG. Brain Sci 2024; 14:773. [PMID: 39199467 PMCID: PMC11352602 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14080773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Decision-making is a cognitive process involving working memory, executive function, and attention. However, the connectivity of large-scale brain networks during decision-making is not well understood. This is because gaining access to large-scale brain networks in humans is still a novel process. Here, we used SEEG (stereoelectroencephalography) to record neural activity from the default mode network (DMN), dorsal attention network (DAN), and frontoparietal network (FN) in ten humans while they performed a gambling task in the form of the card game, "War". By observing these networks during a decision-making period, we related the activity of and connectivity between these networks. In particular, we found that gamma band activity was directly related to a participant's ability to bet logically, deciding what betting amount would result in the highest monetary gain or lowest monetary loss throughout a session of the game. We also found connectivity between the DAN and the relation to a participant's performance. Specifically, participants with higher connectivity between and within these networks had higher earnings. Our preliminary findings suggest that connectivity and activity between these networks are essential during decision-making.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Taylor
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; (C.T.); (D.D.); (P.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Macauley Smith Breault
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Daniel Dorman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; (C.T.); (D.D.); (P.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Patrick Greene
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; (C.T.); (D.D.); (P.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Pierre Sacré
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium;
| | - Aaron Sampson
- Solomon Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; (A.S.); (E.N.); (V.S.)
| | - Ernst Niebur
- Solomon Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; (A.S.); (E.N.); (V.S.)
| | - Veit Stuphorn
- Solomon Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; (A.S.); (E.N.); (V.S.)
| | | | - Sridevi Sarma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; (C.T.); (D.D.); (P.G.); (S.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yan T, Su C, Xue W, Hu Y, Zhou H. Mobile phone short video use negatively impacts attention functions: an EEG study. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1383913. [PMID: 38993329 PMCID: PMC11236742 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1383913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The pervasive nature of short-form video platforms has seamlessly integrated into daily routines, yet it is important to recognize their potential adverse effects on both physical and mental health. Prior research has identified a detrimental impact of excessive short-form video consumption on attentional behavior, but the underlying neural mechanisms remain unexplored. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the effect of short-form video use on attentional functions, measured through the attention network test (ANT). A total of 48 participants, consisting of 35 females and 13 males, with a mean age of 21.8 years, were recruited. The mobile phone short video addiction tendency questionnaire (MPSVATQ) and self-control scale (SCS) were conducted to assess the short video usage behavior and self-control ability. Electroencephalogram (EEG) data were recorded during the completion of the ANT task. The correlation analysis showed a significant negative relationship between MPSVATQ and theta power index reflecting the executive control in the prefrontal region (r = -0.395, p = 0.007), this result was not observed by using theta power index of the resting-state EEG data. Furthermore, a significant negative correlation was identified between MPSVATQ and SCS outcomes (r = -0.320, p = 0.026). These results suggest that an increased tendency toward mobile phone short video addiction could negatively impact self-control and diminish executive control within the realm of attentional functions. This study sheds light on the adverse consequences stemming from short video consumption and underscores the importance of developing interventions to mitigate short video addiction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yan
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Conghui Su
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weichen Xue
- Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuzheng Hu
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ptak R, Bourgeois A. Disengagement of attention with spatial neglect: A systematic review of behavioral and anatomical findings. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 160:105622. [PMID: 38490498 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
The present review examined the consequences of focal brain injury on spatial attention studied with cueing paradigms, with a particular focus on the disengagement deficit, which refers to the abnormal slowing of reactions following an ipsilesional cue. Our review supports the established notion that the disengagement deficit is a functional marker of spatial neglect and is particularly pronounced when elicited by peripheral cues. Recent research has revealed that this deficit critically depends on cues that have task-relevant characteristics or are associated with negative reinforcement. Attentional capture by task-relevant cues is contingent on damage to the right temporo-parietal junction (TPJ) and is modulated by functional connections between the TPJ and the right insular cortex. Furthermore, damage to the dorsal premotor or prefrontal cortex (dPMC/dPFC) reduces the effect of task-relevant cues. These findings support an interactive model of the disengagement deficit, involving the right TPJ, the insula, and the dPMC/dPFC. These interconnected regions play a crucial role in regulating and adapting spatial attention to changing intrinsic values of stimuli in the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Radek Ptak
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neurorehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva 1206, Switzerland; Division of Neurorehabilitation, University Hospitals of Geneva, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, Geneva 1205, Switzerland.
| | - Alexia Bourgeois
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neurorehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva 1206, Switzerland; University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Western Switzerland, School of Health Sciences, Avenue de Champel 47, Geneva 1206, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Killanin AD, Ward TW, Embury CM, Calhoun VD, Wang YP, Stephen JM, Picci G, Heinrichs-Graham E, Wilson TW. Better with age: Developmental changes in oscillatory activity during verbal working memory encoding and maintenance. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2024; 66:101354. [PMID: 38330526 PMCID: PMC10864839 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Numerous investigations have characterized the oscillatory dynamics serving working memory in adults, but few have probed its relationship with chronological age in developing youth. We recorded magnetoencephalography during a modified Sternberg verbal working memory task in 82 youth participants aged 6-14 years old. Significant oscillatory responses were identified and imaged using a beamforming approach and the resulting whole-brain maps were probed for developmental effects during the encoding and maintenance phases. Our results indicated robust oscillatory responses in the theta (4-7 Hz) and alpha (8-14 Hz) range, with older participants exhibiting stronger alpha oscillations in left-hemispheric language regions. Older participants also had greater occipital theta power during encoding. Interestingly, there were sex-by-age interaction effects in cerebellar cortices during encoding and in the right superior temporal region during maintenance. These results extend the existing literature on working memory development by showing strong associations between age and oscillatory dynamics across a distributed network. To our knowledge, these findings are the first to link chronological age to alpha and theta oscillatory responses serving working memory encoding and maintenance, both across and between male and female youth; they reveal robust developmental effects in crucial brain regions serving higher order functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abraham D Killanin
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA; Center for Pediatric Brain Health, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA; College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Thomas W Ward
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA; Center for Pediatric Brain Health, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Christine M Embury
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA; Center for Pediatric Brain Health, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA
| | - Vince D Calhoun
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yu-Ping Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | - Giorgia Picci
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA; Center for Pediatric Brain Health, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Elizabeth Heinrichs-Graham
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA; Center for Pediatric Brain Health, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Tony W Wilson
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA; Center for Pediatric Brain Health, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA; College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mazzi C, Mele S, Bagattini C, Sanchez-Lopez J, Savazzi S. Coherent activity within and between hemispheres: cortico-cortical connectivity revealed by rTMS of the right posterior parietal cortex. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1362742. [PMID: 38516308 PMCID: PMC10954802 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1362742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Low frequency (1 Hz) repetitive transcranial stimulation (rTMS) applied over right posterior parietal cortex (rPPC) has been shown to reduce cortical excitability both of the stimulated area and of the interconnected contralateral homologous areas. In the present study, we investigated the whole pattern of intra- and inter-hemispheric cortico-cortical connectivity changes induced by rTMS over rPPC. Methods To do so, 14 healthy participants underwent resting state EEG recording before and after 30 min of rTMS at 1 Hz or sham stimulation over the rPPC (electrode position P6). Real stimulation was applied at 90% of motor threshold. Coherence values were computed on the electrodes nearby the stimulated site (i.e., P4, P8, and CP6) considering all possible inter- and intra-hemispheric combinations for the following frequency bands: delta (0.5-4 Hz), theta (4-8 Hz), alpha (8-12Hz), low beta (12-20 Hz), high beta (20-30 Hz), and gamma (30-50 Hz). Results and discussion Results revealed a significant increase in coherence in delta, theta, alpha and beta frequency bands between rPPC and the contralateral homologous sites. Moreover, an increase in coherence in theta, alpha, beta and gamma frequency bands was found between rPPC and right frontal sites, reflecting the activation of the fronto-parietal network within the right hemisphere. Summarizing, subthreshold rTMS over rPPC revealed cortico-cortical inter- and intra-hemispheric connectivity as measured by the increase in coherence among these areas. Moreover, the present results further confirm previous evidence indicating that the increase of coherence values is related to intra- and inter-hemispheric inhibitory effects of rTMS. These results can have implications for devising evidence-based rehabilitation protocols after stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Mazzi
- Perception and Awareness (PandA) Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Sonia Mele
- Perception and Awareness (PandA) Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Chiara Bagattini
- Perception and Awareness (PandA) Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Javier Sanchez-Lopez
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Santiago de Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Silvia Savazzi
- Perception and Awareness (PandA) Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Stein A, Thorstensen JR, Ho JM, Ashley DP, Iyer KK, Barlow KM. Attention Please! Unravelling the Link Between Brain Network Connectivity and Cognitive Attention Following Acquired Brain Injury: A Systematic Review of Structural and Functional Measures. Brain Connect 2024; 14:4-38. [PMID: 38019047 DOI: 10.1089/brain.2023.0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and stroke are the most common causes of acquired brain injury (ABI), annually affecting 69 million and 15 million people, respectively. Following ABI, the relationship between brain network disruption and common cognitive issues including attention dysfunction is heterogenous. Using PRISMA guidelines, we systematically reviewed 43 studies published by February 2023 that reported correlations between attention and connectivity. Across all ages and stages of recovery, following TBI, greater attention was associated with greater structural efficiency within/between executive control network (ECN), salience network (SN), and default mode network (DMN) and greater functional connectivity (fc) within/between ECN and DMN, indicating DMN interference. Following stroke, greater attention was associated with greater structural connectivity (sc) within ECN; or greater fc within the dorsal attention network (DAN). In childhood ABI populations, decreases in structural network segregation were associated with greater attention. Longitudinal recovery from TBI was associated with normalization of DMN activity, and in stroke, normalization of DMN and DAN activity. Results improve clinical understanding of attention-related connectivity changes after ABI. Recommendations for future research include increased use of electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to measure connectivity at the point of care, standardized attention and connectivity outcome measures and analysis pipelines, detailed reporting of patient symptomatology, and casual analysis of attention-related connectivity using brain stimulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Athena Stein
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jacob R Thorstensen
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Jonathan M Ho
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Daniel P Ashley
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kartik K Iyer
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Australia
- Brain Modelling Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Australia
| | - Karen M Barlow
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Australia
- Queensland Pediatric Rehabilitation Service, Queensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Thornberry C, Caffrey M, Commins S. Theta oscillatory power decreases in humans are associated with spatial learning in a virtual water maze task. Eur J Neurosci 2023; 58:4341-4356. [PMID: 37957526 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Theta oscillations (4-8 Hz) in humans play a role in navigation processes, including spatial encoding, retrieval and sensorimotor integration. Increased theta power at frontal and parietal midline regions is known to contribute to successful navigation. However, the dynamics of cortical theta and its role in spatial learning are not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate theta oscillations via electroencephalogram (EEG) during spatial learning in a virtual water maze. Participants were separated into a learning group (n = 25) who learned the location of a hidden goal across 12 trials, or a time-matched non-learning group (n = 25) who were required to simply navigate the same arena, but without a goal. We compared all trials, at two phases of learning, the trial start and the goal approach. We also compared the first six trials with the last six trials within-groups. The learning group showed reduced low-frequency theta power at the frontal and parietal midline during the start phase and largely reduced theta combined with a short increase at both midlines during the goal-approach phase. These patterns were not found in the non-learning group, who instead displayed extensive increases in low-frequency oscillations at both regions during the trial start and at the parietal midline during goal approach. Our results support the theory that theta plays a crucial role in spatial encoding during exploration, as opposed to sensorimotor integration. We suggest our findings provide evidence for a link between learning and a reduction of theta oscillations in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Conor Thornberry
- Department of Psychology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Michelle Caffrey
- Department of Psychology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Sean Commins
- Department of Psychology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Al-Ezzi A, Kamel N, Al-Shargabi AA, Al-Shargie F, Al-Shargabi A, Yahya N, Al-Hiyali MI. Machine learning for the detection of social anxiety disorder using effective connectivity and graph theory measures. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1155812. [PMID: 37255678 PMCID: PMC10226190 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1155812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The early diagnosis and classification of social anxiety disorder (SAD) are crucial clinical support tasks for medical practitioners in designing patient treatment programs to better supervise the progression and development of SAD. This paper proposes an effective method to classify the severity of SAD into different grading (severe, moderate, mild, and control) by using the patterns of brain information flow with their corresponding graphical networks. Methods We quantified the directed information flow using partial directed coherence (PDC) and the topological networks by graph theory measures at four frequency bands (delta, theta, alpha, and beta). The PDC assesses the causal interactions between neuronal units of the brain network. Besides, the graph theory of the complex network identifies the topological structure of the network. Resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) data were recorded for 66 patients with different severities of SAD (22 severe, 22 moderate, and 22 mild) and 22 demographically matched healthy controls (HC). Results PDC results have found significant differences between SAD groups and HCs in theta and alpha frequency bands (p < 0.05). Severe and moderate SAD groups have shown greater enhanced information flow than mild and HC groups in all frequency bands. Furthermore, the PDC and graph theory features have been used to discriminate three classes of SAD from HCs using several machine learning classifiers. In comparison to the features obtained by PDC, graph theory network features combined with PDC have achieved maximum classification performance with accuracy (92.78%), sensitivity (95.25%), and specificity (94.12%) using Support Vector Machine (SVM). Discussion Based on the results, it can be concluded that the combination of graph theory features and PDC values may be considered an effective tool for SAD identification. Our outcomes may provide new insights into developing biomarkers for SAD diagnosis based on topological brain networks and machine learning algorithms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulhakim Al-Ezzi
- Centre for Intelligent Signal & Imaging Research (CISIR), Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Nidal Kamel
- College of Engineering and Computer Science, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Amal A. Al-Shargabi
- Department of Information Technology, College of Computer, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fares Al-Shargie
- Faculty of Engineering, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alaa Al-Shargabi
- Department of Information Technology, Universiti Teknlogi Malaysia, Skudai, Malaysia
| | - Norashikin Yahya
- Centre for Intelligent Signal & Imaging Research (CISIR), Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Mohammed Isam Al-Hiyali
- Centre for Intelligent Signal & Imaging Research (CISIR), Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Li Z, Iramina K. Spatio-Temporal Neural Dynamics of Observing Non-Tool Manipulable Objects and Interactions. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:7771. [PMID: 36298121 PMCID: PMC9611388 DOI: 10.3390/s22207771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that a series of sensory-motor-related cortical areas are affected when a healthy human is presented with images of tools. This phenomenon has been explained as familiar tools launching a memory-retrieval process to provide a basis for using the tools. Consequently, we postulated that this theory may also be applicable if images of tools were replaced with images of daily objects if they are graspable (i.e., manipulable). Therefore, we designed and ran experiments with human volunteers (participants) who were visually presented with images of three different daily objects and recorded their electroencephalography (EEG) synchronously. Additionally, images of these objects being grasped by human hands were presented to the participants. Dynamic functional connectivity between the visual cortex and all the other areas of the brain was estimated to find which of them were influenced by visual stimuli. Next, we compared our results with those of previous studies that investigated brain response when participants looked at tools and concluded that manipulable objects caused similar cerebral activity to tools. We also looked into mu rhythm and found that looking at a manipulable object did not elicit a similar activity to seeing the same object being grasped.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxuan Li
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan
| | - Keiji Iramina
- Faculty of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Impact of Effortful Word Recognition on Supportive Neural Systems Measured by Alpha and Theta Power. Ear Hear 2022; 43:1549-1562. [DOI: 10.1097/aud.0000000000001211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
12
|
Pscherer C, Mückschel M, Bluschke A, Beste C. Resting-state theta activity is linked to information content-specific coding levels during response inhibition. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4530. [PMID: 35296740 PMCID: PMC8927579 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08510-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurophysiological processes underlying the inhibition of impulsive responses have been studied extensively. While also the role of theta oscillations during response inhibition is well examined, the relevance of resting-state theta activity for inhibitory control processes is largely unknown. We test the hypothesis that there are specific relationships between resting-state theta activity and sensory/motor coding levels during response inhibition using EEG methods. We show that resting theta activity is specifically linked to the stimulus-related fraction of neurophysiological activity in specific time windows during motor inhibition. In contrast, concomitantly coded processes related to decision-making or response selection as well as the behavioral inhibition performance were not associated with resting theta activity. Even at the peak of task-related theta power, where task-related theta activity and resting theta activity differed the most, there was still predominantly a significant correlation between both types of theta activity. This suggests that aspects similar to resting dynamics are evident in the proportion of inhibition-related neurophysiological activity that reflects an “alarm” signal, whose function is to process and indicate the need for cognitive control. Thus, specific aspects of task-related theta power may build upon resting theta activity when cognitive control is necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Pscherer
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Schubertstrasse 42, 01309, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Moritz Mückschel
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Schubertstrasse 42, 01309, Dresden, Germany
| | - Annet Bluschke
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Schubertstrasse 42, 01309, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Beste
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Schubertstrasse 42, 01309, Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mind-wandering: mechanistic insights from lesion, tDCS, and iEEG. Trends Cogn Sci 2022; 26:268-282. [PMID: 35086725 PMCID: PMC9166901 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive neuroscience has witnessed a surge of interest in investigating the neural correlates of the mind when it drifts away from an ongoing task and the external environment. To that end, functional neuroimaging research has consistently implicated the default mode network (DMN) and frontoparietal control network (FPCN) in mind-wandering. Yet, it remains unknown which subregions within these networks are necessary and how they facilitate mind-wandering. In this review, we synthesize evidence from lesion, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), and intracranial electroencephalogram (iEEG) studies demonstrating the causal relevance of brain regions, and providing insights into the neuronal mechanism underlying mind-wandering. We propose that the integration of complementary approaches is the optimal strategy to establish a comprehensive understanding of the neural basis of mind-wandering.
Collapse
|
14
|
Lee B, Kim JS, Chung CK. Parietal and Medial Temporal Lobe Interactions in Working Memory Goal-Directed Behavior. Cortex 2022; 150:126-136. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2022.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
15
|
Ros T, Michela A, Mayer A, Bellmann A, Vuadens P, Zermatten V, Saj A, Vuilleumier P. Disruption of large-scale electrophysiological networks in stroke patients with visuospatial neglect. Netw Neurosci 2022; 6:69-89. [PMID: 35356193 PMCID: PMC8959119 DOI: 10.1162/netn_a_00210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke frequently produces attentional dysfunctions including symptoms of hemispatial neglect, which is characterized by a breakdown of awareness for the contralesional hemispace. Recent studies with functional MRI (fMRI) suggest that hemineglect patients display abnormal intra- and interhemispheric functional connectivity. However, since stroke is a vascular disorder and fMRI signals remain sensitive to nonneuronal (i.e., vascular) coupling, more direct demonstrations of neural network dysfunction in hemispatial neglect are warranted. Here, we utilize electroencephalogram (EEG) source imaging to uncover differences in resting-state network organization between patients with right hemispheric stroke (N = 15) and age-matched, healthy controls (N = 27), and determine the relationship between hemineglect symptoms and brain network organization. We estimated intra- and interregional differences in cortical communication by calculating the spectral power and amplitude envelope correlations of narrow-band EEG oscillations. We first observed focal frequency-slowing within the right posterior cortical regions, reflected in relative delta/theta power increases and alpha/beta/gamma decreases. Secondly, nodes within the right temporal and parietal cortex consistently displayed anomalous intra- and interhemispheric coupling, stronger in delta and gamma bands, and weaker in theta, alpha, and beta bands. Finally, a significant association was observed between the severity of left-hemispace search deficits (e.g., cancellation test omissions) and reduced functional connectivity within the alpha and beta bands. In sum, our novel results validate the hypothesis of large-scale cortical network disruption following stroke and reinforce the proposal that abnormal brain oscillations may be intimately involved in the pathophysiology of visuospatial neglect. Stroke patients often exhibit a disabling deficit of visual awareness in the hemifield opposite to their brain lesion, known as hemineglect. Recent studies with functional MRI (fMRI) suggest that hemineglect patients display abnormal functional coupling (i.e., connectivity) within and between brain hemispheres. However, since stroke is a vascular disorder and fMRI measures nonneuronal (i.e., vascular) coupling, we here provide direct evidence of neural network dysfunction in hemineglect by using electroencephalogram (EEG) source imaging, which measures the electrical fluctuations of large neuronal populations. Overall, we observed a breakdown of interhemispheric network connectivity within alpha/beta rhythms, which specifically correlated with the degree of patients’ hemispatial errors. The high temporal resolution and frequency content of EEG signals could lead to more sensitive markers and targeted rehabilitation approaches of hemineglect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Ros
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Abele Michela
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anaïs Mayer
- Romand Clinic of Readaptation, SUVA, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Anne Bellmann
- Romand Clinic of Readaptation, SUVA, Sion, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Arnaud Saj
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Neurology, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Cortical reorganization to improve dynamic balance control with error amplification feedback. J Neuroeng Rehabil 2022; 19:3. [PMID: 35034661 PMCID: PMC8762892 DOI: 10.1186/s12984-022-00980-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Error amplification (EA), virtually magnify task errors in visual feedback, is a potential neurocognitive approach to facilitate motor performance. With regional activities and inter-regional connectivity of electroencephalography (EEG), this study investigated underlying cortical mechanisms associated with improvement of postural balance using EA. Methods Eighteen healthy young participants maintained postural stability on a stabilometer, guided by two visual feedbacks (error amplification (EA) vs. real error (RE)), while stabilometer plate movement and scalp EEG were recorded. Plate dynamics, including root mean square (RMS), sample entropy (SampEn), and mean frequency (MF) were used to characterize behavioral strategies. Regional cortical activity and inter-regional connectivity of EEG sub-bands were characterized to infer neural control with relative power and phase-lag index (PLI), respectively. Results In contrast to RE, EA magnified the errors in the visual feedback to twice its size during stabilometer stance. The results showed that EA led to smaller RMS of postural fluctuations with greater SampEn and MF than RE did. Compared with RE, EA altered cortical organizations with greater regional powers in the mid-frontal cluster (theta, 4–7 Hz), occipital cluster (alpha, 8–12 Hz), and left temporal cluster (beta, 13–35 Hz). In terms of the phase-lag index of EEG between electrode pairs, EA significantly reduced long-range prefrontal-parietal and prefrontal-occipital connectivity of the alpha/beta bands, and the right tempo-parietal connectivity of the theta/alpha bands. Alternatively, EA augmented the fronto-centro-parietal connectivity of the theta/alpha bands, along with the right temporo-frontal and temporo-parietal connectivity of the beta band. Conclusion EA alters postural strategies to improve stance stability on a stabilometer with visual feedback, attributable to enhanced error processing and attentional release for target localization. This study provides supporting neural correlates for the use of virtual reality with EA during balance training.
Collapse
|
17
|
Keller AS, Jagadeesh AV, Bugatus L, Williams LM, Grill-Spector K. Attention enhances category representations across the brain with strengthened residual correlations to ventral temporal cortex. Neuroimage 2022; 249:118900. [PMID: 35021039 PMCID: PMC8947761 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.118900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
How does attention enhance neural representations of goal-relevant stimuli while suppressing representations of ignored stimuli across regions of the brain? While prior studies have shown that attention enhances visual responses, we lack a cohesive understanding of how selective attention modulates visual representations across the brain. Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while participants performed a selective attention task on superimposed stimuli from multiple categories and used a data-driven approach to test how attention affects both decodability of category information and residual correlations (after regressing out stimulus-driven variance) with category-selective regions of ventral temporal cortex (VTC). Our data reveal three main findings. First, when two objects are simultaneously viewed, the category of the attended object can be decoded more readily than the category of the ignored object, with the greatest attentional enhancements observed in occipital and temporal lobes. Second, after accounting for the response to the stimulus, the correlation in the residual brain activity between a cortical region and a category-selective region of VTC was elevated when that region’s preferred category was attended vs. ignored, and more so in the right occipital, parietal, and frontal cortices. Third, we found that the stronger the residual correlations between a given region of cortex and VTC, the better visual category information could be decoded from that region. These findings suggest that heightened residual correlations by selective attention may reflect the sharing of information between sensory regions and higher-order cortical regions to provide attentional enhancement of goal-relevant information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arielle S Keller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA; Neurosciences Graduate Program, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA.
| | | | - Lior Bugatus
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA
| | - Leanne M Williams
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kalanit Grill-Spector
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA; Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Katyal S, Goldin P. Alpha and theta oscillations are inversely related to progressive levels of meditation depth. Neurosci Conscious 2021; 2021:niab042. [PMID: 34858638 PMCID: PMC8633885 DOI: 10.1093/nc/niab042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Meditation training is proposed to enhance mental well-being by modulating neural activity, particularly alpha and theta brain oscillations, and autonomic activity. Although such enhancement also depends on the quality of meditation, little is known about how these neural and physiological changes relate to meditation quality. One model characterizes meditation quality as five increasing levels of ‘depth’: hindrances, relaxation, concentration, transpersonal qualities and nonduality. We investigated the neural oscillatory (theta, alpha, beta and gamma) and physiological (respiration rate, heart rate and heart rate variability) correlates of the self-reported meditation depth in long-term meditators (LTMs) and meditation-naïve controls (CTLs). To determine the neural and physiological correlates of meditation depth, we modelled the change in the slope of the relationship between self-reported experiential degree at each of the five depth levels and the multiple neural and physiological measures. CTLs reported experiencing more ‘hindrances’ than LTMs, while LTMs reported more ‘transpersonal qualities’ and ‘nonduality’ compared to CTLs, confirming the experiential manipulation of meditation depth. We found that in both groups, theta (4–6 Hz) and alpha (7–13 Hz) oscillations were related to meditation depth in a precisely opposite manner. The theta amplitude positively correlated with ‘hindrances’ and increasingly negatively correlated with increasing meditation depth levels. Alpha amplitude negatively correlated with ‘hindrances’ and increasingly positively with increasing depth levels. The increase in the inverse association between theta and meditation depth occurred over different scalp locations in the two groups—frontal midline in LTMs and frontal lateral in CTLs—possibly reflecting the downregulation of two different aspects of executive processing—monitoring and attention regulation, respectively—during deep meditation. These results suggest a functional dissociation of the two classical neural signatures of meditation training, namely, alpha and theta oscillations. Moreover, while essential for overcoming ‘hindrances’, executive neural processing appears to be downregulated during deeper meditation experiences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sucharit Katyal
- Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, California
| | - Philippe Goldin
- Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, California
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
The Modulation of Working-Memory Performance Using Gamma-Electroacupuncture and Theta-Electroacupuncture in Healthy Adults. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:2062718. [PMID: 34824588 PMCID: PMC8610651 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2062718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Working memory (WM), a central component of general cognition, plays an essential role in human beings' daily lives. WM impairments often occur in psychiatric, neurodegenerative, and neurodevelopmental disorders, mainly presenting as loss of high-load WM. In previous research, electroacupuncture (EA) has been shown to be an effective treatment for cognitive impairments. Frequency parameters are an important factor in therapeutic results, but the optimal frequency parameters of EA have not yet been identified. In this study, we chose theta-EA (θ-EA; 6 Hz) and gamma-EA (γ-EA; 40 Hz), corresponding to the transcranial alternating-current stimulation (tACS) frequency parameters at the Baihui (DU20) and Shenting (DU24) acupoints, in order to compare the effects of different EA frequencies on WM. We evaluated WM performance using visual 1-back, 2-back, and 3-back WM tasks involving digits. Each participant (N = 30) attended three different sessions in accordance with a within-subject crossover design. We performed θ-EA, γ-EA, and sham-EA in a counterbalanced order, conducting the WM task both before and after intervention. The results showed that d-prime (d′) under all three stimulation conditions had no significance in the 1-back and 2-back tasks. However, in the 3-back task, there was a significant improvement in d′ after intervention compared to d′ before intervention under θ-EA (F [1, 29] = 22.64; P < 0.001), while we saw no significant difference in the γ-EA and sham-EA groups. Reaction times for hits (RT-hit) under all three stimulation conditions showed decreasing trends in 1-, 2-, and 3-back tasks but without statistically significant differences. These findings suggest that the application of θ-EA might facilitate high-load WM performance.
Collapse
|
20
|
Chenot Q, Lepron E, De Boissezon X, Scannella S. Functional Connectivity Within the Fronto-Parietal Network Predicts Complex Task Performance: A fNIRS Study. FRONTIERS IN NEUROERGONOMICS 2021; 2:718176. [PMID: 38235214 PMCID: PMC10790952 DOI: 10.3389/fnrgo.2021.718176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Performance in complex tasks is essential for many high risk operators. The achievement of such tasks is supported by high-level cognitive functions arguably involving functional activity and connectivity in a large ensemble of brain areas that form the fronto-parietal network. Here we aimed at determining whether the functional connectivity at rest within this network could predict performance in a complex task: the Space Fortress video game. Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) data from 32 participants were recorded during a Resting-State period, the completion of a simple version of Space Fortress (monotask) and the original version (multitask). The intrinsic functional connectivity within the fronto-parietal network (i.e., during the Resting-State) was a significant predictor of performance at Space Fortress multitask but not at its monotask version. The same pattern was observed for the functional connectivity during the task. Our overall results suggest that Resting-State functional connectivity within the fronto-parietal network could be used as an intrinsic brain marker for performance prediction of a complex task achievement, but not for simple task performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xavier De Boissezon
- Toulouse NeuroImaging Center (ToNIC), Université de Toulouse, INSERM, Toulouse, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ptak R, Pedrazzini E. Insular Cortex Mediates Attentional Capture by Behaviorally Relevant Stimuli after Damage to the Right Temporoparietal Junction. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:4245-4258. [PMID: 33822912 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ) and insula both play a key role for the processing of relevant stimuli. However, while both have been conceived as neural "switches" that detect salient events and redirect the focus of attention, it remains unclear how these brain regions interact to achieve this behavioral goal. Here, we tested human participants with focal left-hemispheric or right-hemispheric lesions in a spatial cuing task that requires participants to react to lateralized stimuli preceded by a distracter that shares or does not share a relevant feature with the target. Using machine learning to identify significant lesion-behavior relationships, we found that rTPJ damage produces distinctive, pathologically increased attentional capture, but only by relevant distracters. Functional connectivity analyses revealed that the degree of capture is positively associated with a functional connection between insula and rTPJ, together with functional isolation of the rTPJ from right dorsal prefrontal cortex (dPFC). These findings suggest a mechanistic model where the insula-rTPJ connection constitutes a crucial functional unit that breaks attentional focus upon detection of behaviorally relevant events, while the dPFC appears to attune this activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Radek Ptak
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neurorehabilitation, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva 1206, Switzerland.,Division of Neurorehabilitation, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva 1206, Switzerland
| | - Elena Pedrazzini
- Division of Neurology, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva 1206, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Yoshida K, Takeda K, Kasai T, Makinae S, Murakami Y, Hasegawa A, Sakai S. Focused attention meditation training modifies neural activity and attention: longitudinal EEG data in non-meditators. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2021; 15:215-224. [PMID: 32064537 PMCID: PMC7304517 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsaa020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Focused attention meditation (FAM) is a basic meditation practice that cultivates attentional control and monitoring skills. Cross-sectional studies have highlighted high cognitive performance and discriminative neural activity in experienced meditators. However, a direct relationship between neural activity changes and improvement of attention caused by meditation training remains to be elucidated. To investigate this, we conducted a longitudinal study, which evaluated the results of electroencephalography (EEG) during three-stimulus oddball task, resting state and FAM before and after 8 weeks of FAM training in non-meditators. The FAM training group (n = 17) showed significantly higher P3 amplitude during the oddball task and shorter reaction time (RT) for target stimuli compared to that of the control group (n = 20). Furthermore, a significant negative correlation between F4-Oz theta band phase synchrony index (PSI) during FAM and P3 amplitude during the oddball task and a significant positive correlation between F4-Pz theta band PSI during FAM and P3 amplitude during the oddball task were observed. In contrast, these correlations were not observed in the control group. These findings provide direct evidence of the effectiveness of FAM training and contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms underpinning the effects of meditation on brain activity and cognitive performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Yoshida
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan
| | - Kenta Takeda
- Department of Rehabilitation for the Movement Functions, Research Institute of National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities, Tokorozawa 359-8555, Japan
| | - Tetsuko Kasai
- Faculty of Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 080-0811, Japan
| | - Shiika Makinae
- Graduate School of Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 080-0811, Japan
| | - Yui Murakami
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Hokkaido Bunkyo University, Eniwa 061-4119, Japan
| | - Ai Hasegawa
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan
| | - Shinya Sakai
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Miraglia F, Vecchio F, Alù F, Orticoni A, Judica E, Cotelli M, Rossini PM. Brain sources' activity in resting state before a visuo-motor task. J Neural Eng 2021; 18. [PMID: 33601343 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/abe7ba] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective In modern neuroscience, the underlying mechanisms of the elaboration and reaction to different kinds of stimuli of the brain hemispheres remain still very challenging to understand, together with the possibility to anticipate certain behaviors to improve the performance. Approach The purpose of the present study was to investigate the brain rhythms characteristics of EEG recordings and in particular, their interhemispheric differences in resting state condition before a visuo-motor task in a population of healthy adults. During the task, subjects were asked to react to a sequence of visual cues as quick as possible. The reaction times (RTs) to the task were measured, collected and correlated with the EEG signals recorded in a resting state condition immediately preceding the task. The EEG data were analyzed in the space of cortical sources of EEG rhythms by the computation of the Global Spectra Power Density (GSPD) in the left and in the right hemisphere, and of an index of brain Laterality L. Main results The results showed a negative correlation between the RTs and the GSPD in the central areas in the left and in the right hemisphere in both eyes open and eyes closed conditions. A close to significant and negative correlation was found in the parietal areas. Furthermore, RTs negatively correlated with L in the central areas in eyes closed condition. The results showed a negative correlation between the RTs and the GSPD in the central areas in the left and in the right hemisphere in both eyes open and eyes closed conditions. Significance The correlations between the brain activity before a task and the RTs to the task can represent an interesting tool for exploring the brain state characterization for the upcoming tasks performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Miraglia
- Brain Connectivity Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, Roma, 00166, ITALY
| | - Fabrizio Vecchio
- Brain Connectivity Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, Roma, Lazio, 00166, ITALY
| | - Francesca Alù
- Brain Connectivity Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, Roma, Lazio, 00166, ITALY
| | - Alessandro Orticoni
- Brain Connectivity Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, Roma, Lazio, 00166, ITALY
| | - Elda Judica
- Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences, Casa di Cura del Policlinico SpA, Via Giuseppe Dezza, 48, Milano, Lombardia, 20144, ITALY
| | - Maria Cotelli
- Neuropsychology Unit, IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Via Pilastroni, 4, Brescia, Lombardia, 25125, ITALY
| | - Paolo Maria Rossini
- Brain Connectivity Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, Roma, Lazio, 00166, ITALY
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhao S, Wang G, Yan T, Xiang J, Yu X, Li H, Wang B. Sex Differences in Anatomical Rich-Club and Structural-Functional Coupling in the Human Brain Network. Cereb Cortex 2020; 31:1987-1997. [PMID: 33230551 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Structural and functional differences between the brains of female and male adults have been well documented. However, potential sex differences in the patterns of rich-club organization and the coupling between their structural connectivity (SC) and functional connectivity (FC) remain to be determined. In this study, functional magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging techniques were combined to examine sex differences in rich-club organization. Females had a stronger SC-FC coupling than males. Moreover, stronger SC-FC coupling in the females was primarily located in feeder connections and non-rich-club nodes of the left inferior frontal gyrus and inferior parietal lobe and the right superior frontal gyrus and superior parietal gyrus, whereas higher coupling strength in males was primarily located in rich-club connections and rich-club node of the right insula, and non-rich-club nodes of the left hippocampus and the right parahippocampal gyrus. Sex-specific patterns in correlations were also shown between SC-FC coupling and cognitive function, including working memory and reasoning ability. The topological changes in rich-club organization provide novel insight into sex-specific effects on white matter connections that underlie a potential network mechanism of sex-based differences in cognitive function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhao
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China.,Faculty of Human Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Gongshu Wang
- College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Ting Yan
- Teranslational Medicine Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Jie Xiang
- College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Xuexue Yu
- College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Hong Li
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China
| | - Bin Wang
- College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Johnson EL, Kam JWY, Tzovara A, Knight RT. Insights into human cognition from intracranial EEG: A review of audition, memory, internal cognition, and causality. J Neural Eng 2020; 17:051001. [PMID: 32916678 PMCID: PMC7731730 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/abb7a5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
By recording neural activity directly from the human brain, researchers gain unprecedented insight into how neurocognitive processes unfold in real time. We first briefly discuss how intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) recordings, performed for clinical practice, are used to study human cognition with the spatiotemporal and single-trial precision traditionally limited to non-human animal research. We then delineate how studies using iEEG have informed our understanding of issues fundamental to human cognition: auditory prediction, working and episodic memory, and internal cognition. We also discuss the potential of iEEG to infer causality through the manipulation or 'engineering' of neurocognitive processes via spatiotemporally precise electrical stimulation. We close by highlighting limitations of iEEG, potential of burgeoning techniques to further increase spatiotemporal precision, and implications for future research using intracranial approaches to understand, restore, and enhance human cognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth L Johnson
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, United States of America
- Life-Span Cognitive Neuroscience Program, Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, United States of America
| | - Julia W Y Kam
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, United States of America
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Athina Tzovara
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, United States of America
- Institute for Computer Science, University of Bern, Switzerland
- Sleep Wake Epilepsy Center | NeuroTec, Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Robert T Knight
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, United States of America
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ptak R, Bourgeois A, Cavelti S, Doganci N, Schnider A, Iannotti GR. Discrete Patterns of Cross-Hemispheric Functional Connectivity Underlie Impairments of Spatial Cognition after Stroke. J Neurosci 2020; 40:6638-6648. [PMID: 32709694 PMCID: PMC7486659 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0625-20.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite intense research, the neural correlates of stroke-induced deficits of spatial cognition remain controversial. For example, several cortical regions and white-matter tracts have been designated as possible anatomic predictors of spatial neglect. However, many studies focused on local anatomy, an approach that does not harmonize with the notion that brain-behavior relationships are flexible and may involve interactions among distant regions. We studied in humans of either sex resting-state fMRI connectivity associated with performance in line bisection, reading and visual search, tasks commonly used for he clinical diagnosis of neglect. We defined left and right frontal, parietal, and temporal areas as seeds (or regions of interest, ROIs), and measured whole-brain seed-based functional connectivity (FC) and ROI-to-ROI connectivity in subacute right-hemisphere stroke patients. Performance on the line bisection task was associated with decreased FC between the right fusiform gyrus and left superior occipital cortex. Complementary increases and decreases of connectivity between both temporal and occipital lobes predicted reading errors. In addition, visual search deficits were associated with modifications of FC between left and right inferior parietal lobes and right insular cortex. These distinct connectivity patterns were substantiated by analyses of FC between left- and right-hemispheric ROIs, which revealed that decreased interhemispheric and right intrahemispheric FC was associated with higher levels of impairment. Together, these findings indicate that intrahemispheric and interhemispheric cooperation between brain regions lying outside the damaged area contributes to spatial deficits in a way that depends on the different cognitive components recruited during reading, spatial judgments, and visual exploration.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Focal damage to the right cerebral hemisphere may result in a variety of deficits, often affecting the domain of spatial cognition. The neural correlates of these disorders have traditionally been studied with lesion-symptom mapping, but this method fails to capture the network dynamics that underlie cognitive performance. We studied functional connectivity in patients with right-hemisphere stroke and found a pattern of correlations between the left and right temporo-occipital, inferior parietal, and right insular cortex that were distinctively predictive of deficits in reading, spatial judgment, and visual exploration. This finding reveals the importance of interhemispheric interactions and network adaptations for the manifestation of spatial deficits after damage to the right hemisphere.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Radek Ptak
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neurorehabilitation, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, 1206, Switzerland
- Division of Neurorehabilitation, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, 1206, Switzerland
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, 1205, Switzerland
| | - Alexia Bourgeois
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neurorehabilitation, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, 1206, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Cavelti
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neurorehabilitation, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, 1206, Switzerland
| | - Naz Doganci
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neurorehabilitation, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, 1206, Switzerland
| | - Armin Schnider
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neurorehabilitation, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, 1206, Switzerland
- Division of Neurorehabilitation, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, 1206, Switzerland
| | - Giannina Rita Iannotti
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neurorehabilitation, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, 1206, Switzerland
- Swiss Foundation for Innovation and Training in Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, 1206, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Liu S, Li A, Liu Y, Li J, Wang M, Sun Y, Qin W, Yu C, Jiang T, Liu B. MIR137 polygenic risk is associated with schizophrenia and affects functional connectivity of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Psychol Med 2020; 50:1510-1518. [PMID: 31239006 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291719001442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have consistently revealed that a variant of microRNA 137 (MIR137) shows a quite significant association with schizophrenia. Identifying the network of genes regulated by MIR137 could provide insights into the biological processes underlying schizophrenia. In addition, DLPFC functional connectivity, a robust correlate of MIR137, may provide plausible endophenotypes. However, the regulatory role of the MIR137 gene network in the disrupted functional connectivity remains unclear. Here, we tested the effects of the MIR137 regulated genes on the risk for schizophrenia and DLPFC functional connectivity. METHODS To evaluate the additive effects of the MIR137 regulated genes (N = 1274), we calculated a MIR137 polygenic risk score (PRS) for schizophrenia and tested its association with the risk for schizophrenia in the genomic data of a Han Chinese population that included schizophrenia patients (N = 589) and normal controls (N = 575). We then investigated the association between MIR137 PRS and DLPFC functional connectivity in two independent young healthy cohorts (N = 356 and N = 314). RESULTS We found that the MIR137 PRS successfully captured the differences in genetic structure between the patients and controls, but the single gene MIR137 did not. We then consistently found that a higher MIR137 PRS was correlated with lower functional connectivities between the DLPFC and both the superior parietal cortex and the inferior temporal cortex in two independent cohorts. CONCLUSION The findings suggested that these two functional connectivities of the DLPFC could be important endophenotypes linking the MIR137-regulated genetic structure to schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu Liu
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Ang Li
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
| | - Jin Li
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Yuqing Sun
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Wen Qin
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin300052, China
| | - Chunshui Yu
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin300052, China
| | - Tianzi Jiang
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu610054, China
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Bing Liu
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Groff BR, Wiesman AI, Rezich MT, O'Neill J, Robertson KR, Fox HS, Swindells S, Wilson TW. Age-related visual dynamics in HIV-infected adults with cognitive impairment. NEUROLOGY(R) NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2020; 7:e690. [PMID: 32102916 PMCID: PMC7051212 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000000690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether aging differentially affects neural activity serving visuospatial processing in a large functional neuroimaging study of HIV-infected participants and to determine whether such aging effects are attributable to differences in the duration of HIV infection. METHODS A total of 170 participants, including 93 uninfected controls and 77 HIV-infected participants, underwent neuropsychological assessment followed by neuroimaging with magnetoencephalography (MEG). Time-frequency analysis of the MEG data followed by advanced image reconstruction of neural oscillatory activity and whole-brain statistical analyses were used to examine interactions between age, HIV infection, and cognitive status. Post hoc testing for a mediation effect of HIV infection duration on the relationship between age and neural activity was performed using a quasi-Bayesian approximation for significance testing. RESULTS Cognitively impaired HIV-infected participants were distinguished from unimpaired HIV-infected and control participants by their unique association between age and gamma oscillations in the parieto-occipital cortex. This relationship between age and gamma was fully mediated by the duration of HIV infection in cognitively impaired participants. Impaired HIV-infected participants were also distinguished by their atypical relationship between alpha oscillations and age in the superior parietal cortex. CONCLUSIONS Impaired HIV-infected participants exhibited markedly different relationships between age and neural responses in the parieto-occipital cortices relative to their peers. This suggests a differential effect of chronological aging on the neural bases of visuospatial processing in a cognitively impaired subset of HIV-infected adults. Some of these relationships were fully accounted for by differences in HIV infection duration, whereas others were more readily associated with aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boman R Groff
- From the Center for Magnetoencephalography (B.R.G., A.I.W., T.W.W.), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Department of Neurological Sciences (A.I.W., M.T.R., T.W.W.), UNMC, Omaha; Department of Internal Medicine (J.O.N., S.S.), Division of Infectious Diseases, UNMC; Department of Neurology (K.R.R.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience (H.S.F.), UNMC, Omaha, NE
| | - Alex I Wiesman
- From the Center for Magnetoencephalography (B.R.G., A.I.W., T.W.W.), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Department of Neurological Sciences (A.I.W., M.T.R., T.W.W.), UNMC, Omaha; Department of Internal Medicine (J.O.N., S.S.), Division of Infectious Diseases, UNMC; Department of Neurology (K.R.R.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience (H.S.F.), UNMC, Omaha, NE
| | - Michael T Rezich
- From the Center for Magnetoencephalography (B.R.G., A.I.W., T.W.W.), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Department of Neurological Sciences (A.I.W., M.T.R., T.W.W.), UNMC, Omaha; Department of Internal Medicine (J.O.N., S.S.), Division of Infectious Diseases, UNMC; Department of Neurology (K.R.R.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience (H.S.F.), UNMC, Omaha, NE
| | - Jennifer O'Neill
- From the Center for Magnetoencephalography (B.R.G., A.I.W., T.W.W.), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Department of Neurological Sciences (A.I.W., M.T.R., T.W.W.), UNMC, Omaha; Department of Internal Medicine (J.O.N., S.S.), Division of Infectious Diseases, UNMC; Department of Neurology (K.R.R.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience (H.S.F.), UNMC, Omaha, NE
| | - Kevin R Robertson
- From the Center for Magnetoencephalography (B.R.G., A.I.W., T.W.W.), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Department of Neurological Sciences (A.I.W., M.T.R., T.W.W.), UNMC, Omaha; Department of Internal Medicine (J.O.N., S.S.), Division of Infectious Diseases, UNMC; Department of Neurology (K.R.R.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience (H.S.F.), UNMC, Omaha, NE
| | - Howard S Fox
- From the Center for Magnetoencephalography (B.R.G., A.I.W., T.W.W.), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Department of Neurological Sciences (A.I.W., M.T.R., T.W.W.), UNMC, Omaha; Department of Internal Medicine (J.O.N., S.S.), Division of Infectious Diseases, UNMC; Department of Neurology (K.R.R.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience (H.S.F.), UNMC, Omaha, NE
| | - Susan Swindells
- From the Center for Magnetoencephalography (B.R.G., A.I.W., T.W.W.), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Department of Neurological Sciences (A.I.W., M.T.R., T.W.W.), UNMC, Omaha; Department of Internal Medicine (J.O.N., S.S.), Division of Infectious Diseases, UNMC; Department of Neurology (K.R.R.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience (H.S.F.), UNMC, Omaha, NE
| | - Tony W Wilson
- From the Center for Magnetoencephalography (B.R.G., A.I.W., T.W.W.), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE; Department of Neurological Sciences (A.I.W., M.T.R., T.W.W.), UNMC, Omaha; Department of Internal Medicine (J.O.N., S.S.), Division of Infectious Diseases, UNMC; Department of Neurology (K.R.R.), University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience (H.S.F.), UNMC, Omaha, NE.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Girardeau JC, Blondé P, Makowski D, Abram M, Piolino P, Sperduti M. The impact of state and dispositional mindfulness on prospective memory: A virtual reality study. Conscious Cogn 2020; 81:102920. [PMID: 32305659 DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2020.102920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Prospective memory (PM) consists of remembering to perform an action that was previously planned. The recovery and execution of these actions require attentional resources. Mindfulness, as a state or a dispositional trait, has been associated with better attentional abilities while mind wandering is linked with attentional failures. In this study, we investigated the impact of mindfulness on PM. Eighty participants learned 15 cue-action associations. They were, then, asked to recall the actions at certain moments (time-based items) or places (event-based items) during a walk in a virtual town. Before the PM task, participants were randomly assigned to a mindfulness or mind wandering (control condition) session. Dispositional mindfulness was measured via the Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ). Although considered as two opposite states, we did not report any difference between the two groups on PM abilities. Nevertheless, the natural tendency to describe one's own sensations (the Describing facet of the FFMQ) predicted time-based performance in both groups. We discuss different hypotheses to explain this finding in light of recent findings on the impact of mind wandering on future oriented cognition. Our main observation is a positive link between the Describing facet and time-based PM performances. We propose that this link could be due to the common association of this mindfulness facets and PM with attentional and interoceptive abilities. Additional studies are needed to explore this hypothesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Charles Girardeau
- Laboratoire Mémoire, Cerveau & Cognition (MC(2)Lab, EA7536), Institut de Psychologie, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
| | - Philippe Blondé
- Laboratoire Mémoire, Cerveau & Cognition (MC(2)Lab, EA7536), Institut de Psychologie, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Makowski
- School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Maria Abram
- Laboratoire Mémoire, Cerveau & Cognition (MC(2)Lab, EA7536), Institut de Psychologie, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Pascale Piolino
- Laboratoire Mémoire, Cerveau & Cognition (MC(2)Lab, EA7536), Institut de Psychologie, Université de Paris, Paris, France; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), France
| | - Marco Sperduti
- Laboratoire Mémoire, Cerveau & Cognition (MC(2)Lab, EA7536), Institut de Psychologie, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ren Y, Pan L, Du X, Hou Y, Li X, Song Y. Functional brain network mechanism of executive control dysfunction in temporal lobe epilepsy. BMC Neurol 2020; 20:137. [PMID: 32295523 PMCID: PMC7161158 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-020-01711-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Executive control dysfunction is observed in a sizable number of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Neural oscillations in the theta band are increasingly recognized as having a crucial role in executive control network. The purpose of this study was to investigate the alterations in the theta band in executive control network and explore the functional brain network mechanisms of executive control dysfunction in TLE patients. Methods A total of 20 TLE patients and 20 matched healthy controls (HCs) were recruited in the present study. All participants were trained to perform the executive control task by attention network test while the scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) data were recorded. The resting state signals were collected from the EEG in the subjects with quiet and closed eyes conditions. Functional connectivity among EEGs in the executive control network and resting state network were respectively calculated. Results We found the significant executive control impairment in the TLE group. Compared to the HCs, the TLE group showed significantly weaker functional connectivity among EEGs in the executive control network. Moreover, in the TLE group, we found that the functional connectivity was significantly positively correlated with accuracy and negatively correlated with EC_effect. In addition, the functional connectivity of the executive control network was significantly higher than that of the resting state network in the HCs. In the TLE group, however, there was no significant change in functional connectivity strengths between the executive control network and resting state network. Conclusion Our results indicate that the decreased functional connectivity in theta band may provide a potential mechanism for executive control deficits in TLE patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Ren
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Variation and Regeneration, Ministry of Education and 4Tianjin Municipal Government, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Liping Pan
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Variation and Regeneration, Ministry of Education and 4Tianjin Municipal Government, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Xueyun Du
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Variation and Regeneration, Ministry of Education and 4Tianjin Municipal Government, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Yuying Hou
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Variation and Regeneration, Ministry of Education and 4Tianjin Municipal Government, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Xun Li
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Variation and Regeneration, Ministry of Education and 4Tianjin Municipal Government, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Yijun Song
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Variation and Regeneration, Ministry of Education and 4Tianjin Municipal Government, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Pirondini E, Goldshuv-Ezra N, Zinger N, Britz J, Soroker N, Deouell LY, Ville DVD. Resting-state EEG topographies: Reliable and sensitive signatures of unilateral spatial neglect. Neuroimage Clin 2020; 26:102237. [PMID: 32199285 PMCID: PMC7083886 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Theoretical advances in the neurosciences are leading to the development of an increasing number of proposed interventions for the enhancement of functional recovery after brain damage. Integration of these novel approaches in clinical practice depends on the availability of reliable, simple, and sensitive biomarkers of impairment level and extent of recovery, to enable an informed clinical-decision process. However, the neuropsychological tests currently in use do not tap into the complex neural re-organization process that occurs after brain insult and its modulation by treatment. Here we show that topographical analysis of resting-state electroencephalography (rsEEG) patterns using singular value decomposition (SVD) could be used to capture these processes. In two groups of subacute stroke patients, we show reliable detection of deviant neurophysiological patterns over repeated measurement sessions on separate days. These patterns generalized across patients groups. Additionally, they maintained a significant association with ipsilesional attention bias, discriminating patients with spatial neglect of different severity levels. The sensitivity and reliability of these rsEEG topographical analyses support their use as a tool for monitoring natural and treatment-induced recovery in the rehabilitation process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Pirondini
- Institute of Bioengineering/Center for Neuroprosthetics, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Nurit Goldshuv-Ezra
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Loewenstein Rehabilitation Hospital, Raanana, Israel; Evoked Potentials Laboratory, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Nofya Zinger
- Department of Psychology and Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences (ELSC), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Juliane Britz
- Department of Psychology and Neurology Unit, Medicine Section, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg 1700, Switzerland
| | - Nachum Soroker
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Loewenstein Rehabilitation Hospital, Raanana, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Leon Y Deouell
- Department of Psychology and Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences (ELSC), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Dimitri Van De Ville
- Institute of Bioengineering/Center for Neuroprosthetics, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Pedrazzini E, Ptak R. The neuroanatomy of spatial awareness: a large-scale region-of-interest and voxel-based anatomical study. Brain Imaging Behav 2020; 14:615-626. [DOI: 10.1007/s11682-019-00213-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
33
|
Zebhauser PT, Vernet M, Unterburger E, Brem AK. Visuospatial Neglect - a Theory-Informed Overview of Current and Emerging Strategies and a Systematic Review on the Therapeutic Use of Non-invasive Brain Stimulation. Neuropsychol Rev 2019; 29:397-420. [PMID: 31748841 PMCID: PMC6892765 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-019-09417-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Visuospatial neglect constitutes a supramodal cognitive deficit characterized by reduction or loss of spatial awareness for the contralesional space. It occurs in over 40% of right- and 20% of left-brain-lesioned stroke patients with lesions located mostly in parietal, frontal and subcortical brain areas. Visuospatial neglect is a multifaceted syndrome - symptoms can be divided into sensory, motor and representational neglect - and therefore requires an individually adapted diagnostic and therapeutic approach. Several models try to explain the origins of visuospatial neglect, of which the "interhemispheric rivalry model" is strongly supported by animal and human research. This model proposes that allocation of spatial attention is balanced by transcallosal inhibition and both hemispheres compete to direct attention to the contralateral hemi-space. Accordingly, a brain lesion causes an interhemispheric imbalance, which may be re-installed by activation of lesioned, or deactivation of unlesioned (over-activated) brain areas through noninvasive brain stimulation. Research in larger patient samples is needed to confirm whether noninvasive brain stimulation can improve long-term outcomes and whether these also affect activities of daily living and discharge destination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Theo Zebhauser
- Department of Neuropsychology, Max-Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstrasse 2-10, 80804, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Klinikum Rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Marine Vernet
- Section on Neurocircuitry, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, NIMH/NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Evelyn Unterburger
- Division of Neuropsychology, Universitätsklinik Zürich USZ, Frauenklinikstrasse 26, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anna-Katharine Brem
- Department of Neuropsychology, Max-Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstrasse 2-10, 80804, Munich, Germany.
- Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Keller AS, Leikauf JE, Holt-Gosselin B, Staveland BR, Williams LM. Paying attention to attention in depression. Transl Psychiatry 2019; 9:279. [PMID: 31699968 PMCID: PMC6838308 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-019-0616-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Attention is the gate through which sensory information enters our conscious experiences. Oftentimes, patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) complain of concentration difficulties that negatively impact their day-to-day function, and these attention problems are not alleviated by current first-line treatments. In spite of attention's influence on many aspects of cognitive and emotional functioning, and the inclusion of concentration difficulties in the diagnostic criteria for MDD, the focus of depression as a disease is typically on mood features, with attentional features considered less of an imperative for investigation. Here, we summarize the breadth and depth of findings from the cognitive neurosciences regarding the neural mechanisms supporting goal-directed attention in order to better understand how these might go awry in depression. First, we characterize behavioral impairments in selective, sustained, and divided attention in depressed individuals. We then discuss interactions between goal-directed attention and other aspects of cognition (cognitive control, perception, and decision-making) and emotional functioning (negative biases, internally-focused attention, and interactions of mood and attention). We then review evidence for neurobiological mechanisms supporting attention, including the organization of large-scale neural networks and electrophysiological synchrony. Finally, we discuss the failure of current first-line treatments to alleviate attention impairments in MDD and review evidence for more targeted pharmacological, brain stimulation, and behavioral interventions. By synthesizing findings across disciplines and delineating avenues for future research, we aim to provide a clearer outline of how attention impairments may arise in the context of MDD and how, mechanistically, they may negatively impact daily functioning across various domains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arielle S Keller
- Graduate Program in Neurosciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - John E Leikauf
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Bailey Holt-Gosselin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Brooke R Staveland
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Leanne M Williams
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Default network and frontoparietal control network theta connectivity supports internal attention. Nat Hum Behav 2019; 3:1263-1270. [DOI: 10.1038/s41562-019-0717-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
36
|
Wiesman AI, O'Neill J, Mills MS, Robertson KR, Fox HS, Swindells S, Wilson TW. Aberrant occipital dynamics differentiate HIV-infected patients with and without cognitive impairment. Brain 2019; 141:1678-1690. [PMID: 29672678 PMCID: PMC5972635 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awy097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Combination antiretroviral therapies have revolutionized the treatment of HIV infection, and many patients now enjoy a lifespan equal to that of the general population. However, HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) remain a major health concern, with between 30% and 70% of all HIV-infected patients developing cognitive impairments during their life time. One important feature of HAND is visuo-perceptual deficits, but the systems-level neural dynamics underlying these impairments are poorly understood. In the current study, we use magnetoencephalography and advanced time series analyses to examine these neural dynamics during a visuospatial processing task in a group of HIV-infected patients without HAND (n = 25), patients with HAND (n = 18), and a group of demographically-matched uninfected controls (n = 24). All participants completed a thorough neuropsychological assessment, and underwent magnetoencephalography and structural MRI protocols. In agreement with previous studies, patients with HAND performed significantly worse than HIV-infected patients without HAND and controls on the cognitive task, in terms of increased reaction time and decreased accuracy. Our magnetoencephalography results demonstrated that both spontaneous and neural oscillatory activity within the occipital cortices were affected by HIV infection, and that these patterns predicted behavioural performance (i.e. accuracy) on the task. Specifically, spontaneous neural activity in the alpha (8–16 Hz) and gamma (52–70 Hz) bands during the prestimulus baseline period, as well as oscillatory theta responses (4–8 Hz) during task performance were aberrant in HIV-infected patients, with both spontaneous alpha and oscillatory theta activity significantly predicting accuracy on the task and neuropsychological performance outside of the magnetoencephalography scanner. Importantly, these rhythmic patterns of population-level neural activity also distinguished patients by HAND status, such that spontaneous alpha activity in patients with HAND was elevated relative to HIV-infected patients without HAND and controls. In contrast, HIV-infected patients with and without HAND had increased spontaneous gamma compared to controls. Finally, there was a stepwise decrease in oscillatory theta activity as a function of disease severity, such that the response diminished from controls to patients without HAND to patients with HAND. Interestingly, the strength of the relationship between this theta response and accuracy also dissociated patient groups in a similar manner (controls > HIV with no HAND > HIV with HAND), indicating a reduced coupling between neurophysiology and behaviour in HIV-infected patients. This study provides the first neuroimaging evidence of a dissociation between HIV-infected patients with and without HAND, and these findings shed new light on the neural bases of cognitive impairment in HIV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex I Wiesman
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE, USA.,Center for Magnetoencephalography, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jennifer O'Neill
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | - Kevin R Robertson
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Howard S Fox
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Susan Swindells
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Tony W Wilson
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE, USA.,Center for Magnetoencephalography, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wiesman AI, Mills MS, McDermott TJ, Spooner RK, Coolidge NM, Wilson TW. Polarity-dependent modulation of multi-spectral neuronal activity by transcranial direct current stimulation. Cortex 2018; 108:222-233. [PMID: 30261367 PMCID: PMC6234070 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The ability to preferentially deploy neural resources to the visual space is an important component of normative cognitive function, however, the population-level cortical dynamics that sub-serve this ability are not fully understood. Specifically, rhythmic activity in the occipital cortices (e.g., theta, alpha, and gamma oscillations) has been strongly implicated in this cognitive process, but these neural responses are difficult to non-invasively manipulate in a systematic manner. In this study, transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) was used to modulate brain activity, while high-density magnetoencephalography (MEG) was employed to quantify changes in rhythm-specific neural activity in the occipital cortices of 57 adults performing a visuospatial processing paradigm. All MEG data was analyzed using advanced source reconstruction and oscillatory analysis methods. Our results indicated that basal levels of occipital alpha activity were increased by an occipital-anodal/supraorbital-cathodal tDCS montage, while basal gamma levels in the same cortices were decreased by tDCS using the same montage with its polarity reversed (occipital-cathodal/supraorbital-anodal). In other words, stimulation with the occipital-anodal montage increased local spontaneous alpha (10-16 Hz) activity, while stimulation with the occipital-cathodal montage selectively decreased local gamma (64-90 Hz) activity. Neither polarity affected stimulus-induced oscillations in the alpha or gamma range. Additionally, these modulations strongly predicted the subsequent formation of fronto-visual functional connectivity within distinct oscillatory rhythms, as well as behavior on the visuospatial discrimination task. These findings provide insight into the multifaceted effects of tDCS on cortical activity, as well as the dynamic oscillatory coding of salient information in the human brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex I Wiesman
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Center for Magnetoencephalography, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Mackenzie S Mills
- Center for Magnetoencephalography, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Timothy J McDermott
- Center for Magnetoencephalography, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Rachel K Spooner
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Center for Magnetoencephalography, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Nathan M Coolidge
- Center for Magnetoencephalography, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Tony W Wilson
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Center for Magnetoencephalography, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Wiesman AI, Wilson TW. The impact of age and sex on the oscillatory dynamics of visuospatial processing. Neuroimage 2018; 185:513-520. [PMID: 30321644 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to dynamically allocate neural resources within the visual space is supported by a number of spectrally-specific oscillatory responses, and such visuospatial processing has been found to decline moderately with age and differ by sex. However, the direct effects of age and sex on these oscillatory dynamics remains poorly understood. Using magnetoencephalography (MEG), structural magnetic resonance imaging, and advanced source reconstruction and statistical methods, we investigated the impact of aging and sex on behavioral performance and the underlying neural dynamics during visuospatial processing. In a large sample spanning a broad age range, we find that a number of prototypical attention and perception network components, both spectrally- and spatially-defined, exhibit complex and uniquely informative relationships with age and sex. Specifically, neural responses in the theta range (4-10 Hz) were found to covary with chronological age in prefrontal and motor cortices, signifying a possible relationship between age and cognitive control. Further, we found that beta (18-24 Hz) activity covaried with age across a large swath of the somato-motor strip, supporting previous findings of motor planning and execution deficits with increasing age. Finally, gamma-frequency (48-70 Hz) oscillations were found to exhibit robust covariance with age in superior parietal and temporo-parietal areas, indicating that the mapping of saliency in visual space is modulated by the normal aging process. Interestingly, behavioral performance and some of these oscillatory neural responses also exhibited interactions between age and sex, indicating sex differences in the evolution of the neural coding of visual perception as age increases. In particular, men were found to have stronger correlations between age and neural oscillatory responses during task performance than women in lateral occipital and superior temporal regions in the alpha band and in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in the gamma band, while women exhibited more robust covariance between age and neural responses than men in inferior temporal and medial prefrontal cortex in the theta range.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex I Wiesman
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Center for Magnetoencephalography, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Tony W Wilson
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Center for Magnetoencephalography, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Mottaz A, Corbet T, Doganci N, Magnin C, Nicolo P, Schnider A, Guggisberg AG. Modulating functional connectivity after stroke with neurofeedback: Effect on motor deficits in a controlled cross-over study. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2018; 20:336-346. [PMID: 30112275 PMCID: PMC6091229 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2018.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Synchronization of neural activity as measured with functional connectivity (FC) is increasingly used to study the neural basis of brain disease and to develop new treatment targets. However, solid evidence for a causal role of FC in disease and therapy is lacking. Here, we manipulated FC of the ipsilesional primary motor cortex in ten chronic human stroke patients through brain-computer interface technology with visual neurofeedback. We conducted a double-blind controlled crossover study to test whether manipulation of FC through neurofeedback had a behavioral effect on motor performance. Patients succeeded in increasing FC in the motor cortex. This led to improvement in motor function that was significantly greater than during neurofeedback training of a control brain area and proportional to the degree of FC enhancement. This result provides evidence that FC has a causal role in neurological function and that it can be effectively targeted with therapy. Stroke patients participated in clinical trial on neurofeedback of functional connectivity. Patients learned to enhance synchrony of neural activity in their motor cortex. This led to reduced motor impairment. Evidence for a causal role of neural synchrony in neurological deficits and recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Mottaz
- Division of Neurorehabilitation, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospitals Geneva, Avenue de Beau-Séjour 26, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tiffany Corbet
- Division of Neurorehabilitation, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospitals Geneva, Avenue de Beau-Séjour 26, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Naz Doganci
- Division of Neurorehabilitation, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospitals Geneva, Avenue de Beau-Séjour 26, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Cécile Magnin
- Division of Neurorehabilitation, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospitals Geneva, Avenue de Beau-Séjour 26, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Nicolo
- Division of Neurorehabilitation, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospitals Geneva, Avenue de Beau-Séjour 26, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Armin Schnider
- Division of Neurorehabilitation, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospitals Geneva, Avenue de Beau-Séjour 26, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Adrian G Guggisberg
- Division of Neurorehabilitation, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospitals Geneva, Avenue de Beau-Séjour 26, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Puszta A, Katona X, Bodosi B, Pertich Á, Nyujtó D, Braunitzer G, Nagy A. Cortical Power-Density Changes of Different Frequency Bands in Visually Guided Associative Learning: A Human EEG-Study. Front Hum Neurosci 2018; 12:188. [PMID: 29867412 PMCID: PMC5951962 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2018.00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The computer-based Rutgers Acquired Equivalence test (RAET) is a widely used paradigm to test the function of subcortical structures in visual associative learning. The test consists of an acquisition (pair learning) and a test (rule transfer) phase, associated with the function of the basal ganglia and the hippocampi, respectively. Obviously, such a complex task also requires cortical involvement. To investigate the activity of different cortical areas during this test, 64-channel EEG recordings were recorded in 24 healthy volunteers. Fast-Fourier and Morlet wavelet convolution analyses were performed on the recordings. The most robust power changes were observed in the theta (4–7 Hz) and gamma (>30 Hz) frequency bands, in which significant power elevation was observed in the vast majority of the subjects, over the parieto-occipital and temporo-parietal areas during the acquisition phase. The involvement of the frontal areas in the acquisition phase was remarkably weaker. No remarkable cortical power elevations were found in the test phase. In fact, the power of the alpha and beta bands was significantly decreased over the parietooccipital areas. We conclude that the initial acquisition of the image pairs requires strong cortical involvement, but once the pairs have been learned, neither retrieval nor generalization requires strong cortical contribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- András Puszta
- Sensorimotor Lab, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Xénia Katona
- Sensorimotor Lab, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Balázs Bodosi
- Sensorimotor Lab, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ákos Pertich
- Sensorimotor Lab, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Diána Nyujtó
- Sensorimotor Lab, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Braunitzer
- Laboratory for Perception & Cognition and Clinical Neuroscience (LPCCN), National Institute of Psychiatry and Addictions at Nyírő Gyula Hospital, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Nagy
- Sensorimotor Lab, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Li X, Hou Y, Ren Y, Tian X, Song Y. Alterations of theta oscillation in executive control in temporal lobe epilepsy patients. Epilepsy Res 2018; 140:148-154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2017.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
42
|
The Dorsal Frontoparietal Network: A Core System for Emulated Action. Trends Cogn Sci 2017; 21:589-599. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
43
|
Schrooten M, Ghumare EG, Seynaeve L, Theys T, Dupont P, Van Paesschen W, Vandenberghe R. Electrocorticography of Spatial Shifting and Attentional Selection in Human Superior Parietal Cortex. Front Hum Neurosci 2017; 11:240. [PMID: 28553217 PMCID: PMC5425472 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatial-attentional reorienting and selection between competing stimuli are two distinct attentional processes of clinical and fundamental relevance. In the past, reorienting has been mainly associated with inferior parietal cortex. In a patient with a subdural grid covering the upper and lower bank of the left anterior and middle intraparietal sulcus (IPS) and the superior parietal lobule (SPL), we examined the involvement of superior parietal cortex using a hybrid spatial cueing paradigm identical to that previously applied in stroke and in healthy controls. In SPL, as early as 164 ms following target onset, an invalidly compared to a validly cued target elicited a positive event-related potential (ERP) and an increase in intertrial coherence (ITC) in the theta band, regardless of the direction of attention. From around 400–650 ms, functional connectivity [weighted phase lag index (wPLI) analysis] between SPL and IPS briefly inverted such that SPL activity was driving IPS activity. In contrast, the presence of a competing distracter elicited a robust change mainly in IPS from 300 to 600 ms. Within superior parietal cortex reorienting of attention is associated with a distinct and early electrophysiological response in SPL while attentional selection is indexed by a relatively late electrophysiological response in the IPS. The long latency suggests a role of IPS in working memory or cognitive control rather than early selection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maarten Schrooten
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, KU LeuvenLeuven, Belgium.,Neurology Department, University Hospitals LeuvenLeuven, Belgium
| | - Eshwar G Ghumare
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, KU LeuvenLeuven, Belgium
| | - Laura Seynaeve
- Neurology Department, University Hospitals LeuvenLeuven, Belgium.,Laboratory for Epilepsy Research, KU LeuvenLeuven, Belgium
| | - Tom Theys
- Neurosurgery Department, University Hospitals LeuvenLeuven, Belgium.,Laboratory for Neuro- and Psychophysiology, KU LeuvenLeuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Dupont
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, KU LeuvenLeuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Van Paesschen
- Neurology Department, University Hospitals LeuvenLeuven, Belgium.,Laboratory for Epilepsy Research, KU LeuvenLeuven, Belgium
| | - Rik Vandenberghe
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, KU LeuvenLeuven, Belgium.,Neurology Department, University Hospitals LeuvenLeuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Synchronization of fronto-parietal beta and theta networks as a signature of visual awareness in neglect. Neuroimage 2016; 146:341-354. [PMID: 27840240 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In the neglect syndrome, the perceptual deficit for contra-lesional hemi-space is increasingly viewed as a dysfunction of fronto-parietal cortical networks, the disruption of which has been described in neuroanatomical and hemodynamic studies. Here we exploit the superior temporal resolution of electroencephalography (EEG) to study dynamic transient connectivity of fronto-parietal circuits at early stages of visual perception in neglect. As reflected by inter-regional phase synchronization in a full-field attention task, two functionally distinct fronto-parietal networks, in beta (15-25Hz) and theta (4-8Hz) frequency bands, were related to stimulus discrimination within the first 200 ms of visual processing. Neglect pathology was specifically associated with significant suppressions of both beta and theta networks engaging right parietal regions. These connectivity abnormalities occurred in a pattern that was distinctly different from what was observed in right-hemisphere lesion patients without neglect. Also, both beta and theta abnormalities contributed additively to visual awareness decrease, quantified in the Behavioural Inattention Test. These results provide evidence for the impairment of fast dynamic fronto-parietal interactions during early stages of visual processing in neglect pathology. Also, they reveal that different modes of fronto-parietal dysfunction contribute independently to deficits in visual awareness at the behavioural level.
Collapse
|
45
|
Spatial and non-spatial aspects of visual attention: Interactive cognitive mechanisms and neural underpinnings. Neuropsychologia 2016; 92:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|