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Lucas-González R, Viuda-Martos M, Pérez-Álvarez JÁ, Fernández-López J. Screening factors to affect ultrasound-assisted extraction of (poly)phenols from date palm seeds. Front Chem 2024; 12:1409393. [PMID: 39081545 PMCID: PMC11286480 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1409393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current work was to compare the (poly)phenol profile (free, soluble-conjugate, and insoluble-bound) and antioxidant activity of date palm seed flour using different extraction methods (conventional vs. ultrasound-assisted extraction [UAE]) and to determine the most critical variables in the extraction of (poly)phenols through UAE using the Plackett-Burman design experiment. Using the Plackett-Burman design, seven factors, namely, ethanol concentration, liquid:solid ratio (mL/g), sonotrode, amplitude (%), extraction time, extractant pH, and extraction cycle, were studied. After the factors were studied using conventional extraction methods, 23 compounds were quantified, with protocatechuic acid and catechin being the predominant (poly)phenols. Furthermore, the distribution of (poly)phenols within the cell varied, with glycosylated quercetins and caffeoyl shikimic acids predominantly found in free forms. Ultrasound-assisted extraction demonstrated efficiency in extracting free and soluble-conjugate (poly)phenols. However, it showed limitations in extracting insoluble-bound (poly)phenols. Nevertheless, similar amounts of total (poly)phenols were shown after conventional extraction and UAE, that is, 259.69 ± 43.54 and 189.00 ± 3.08 mg/100 g date seed flour, respectively. The Plackett-Burman design revealed the liquid-solid ratio as a crucial factor affecting (poly)phenol extraction, with higher ratios yielding better results. The sonotrode choice also influenced the extraction efficiency, highlighting that the sonotrode with a smaller diameter but higher displacement amplitude showed the best polyphenol recovery and antioxidant activity values. The nature of (poly)phenols influenced the studied extraction variables differently, emphasizing the complexity of the extraction process. In this line, pure water was sufficient to extract flavan-3-ols after UAE, whereas ethanol was a crucial factor in extracting quercetin. These findings underscore the importance of optimizing extraction methods for maximizing (poly)phenol recovery from date palm seed flour for various applications in food and pharmacology industries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Juana Fernández-López
- Institute for Agri-Food and Agri-Environmental Research and Innovation, Miguel Hernández University (CIAGRO-UMH), Alicante, Spain
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AbouZeid EM, Afifi AH, Hussei RA, Salama AA, Youssef FS, El-Ahmady SH, Ammar NM. Phoenix dactylifera L.: An Overview of Phytochemical Constituents and Impact on Women's Health. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400456. [PMID: 38687201 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Phoenix dactylifera L. (date palm) is the most significant member of the palm family (Arecaceae), particularly in the Middle East and Arab World. It is a valuable source of both primary and secondary metabolites including sugars, amino acids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, carotenoids, phytosterols, terpenes and sphingolipids, besides vitamins and minerals. Besides, it possesses a wide array of pharmacologic activities viz. immunomodulatory, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, anti-mutagenic and anti-cancer activities, in addition to its positive effects on male and female fertility. Further research is still required to deeply understand its clinical implications, especially concerning women's health. Moreover, there are other Phoenix species that still need to be investigated to learn more about their undiscovered phytochemical components and biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enaam M AbouZeid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, National Research Centre, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Ahmed H Afifi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, National Research Centre, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Rehab A Hussei
- Department of Pharmacognosy, National Research Centre, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Abeer A Salama
- Department of Pharmacology, National Research Centre, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Fadia S Youssef
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Sherweit H El-Ahmady
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
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Subhash AJ, Bamigbade GB, Tarique M, Al-Ramadi B, Abu-Jdayil B, Kamal-Eldin A, Nyström L, Ayyash M. Bioactive properties and gut microbiota modulation by date seed polysaccharides extracted using ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent. Food Chem X 2024; 22:101354. [PMID: 38623505 PMCID: PMC11016587 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides are abundant macromolecules. The study extracted date seed polysaccharides (UPS) using ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent extraction to valorize date seeds. UPS were subjected to comprehensive characterization and evaluation of their bioactivity, prebiotic properties, and their potential to modulate the gut microbiome. Characterization revealed UPS's heteropolysaccharide composition with galactose, mannose, fructose, glucose, and galacturonic acid respectively in 66.1, 13.3, 9.9, 5.4, and 5.1%. UPS showed a concentration-dependent increase of radical scavenging and antioxidant activities, evidenced by FRAP, TAC, and RP assays. They also displayed antimicrobial efficacy against E. coli O157:H7, S. typhimurium, S. aureus, and L. monocytogenes. Rheological analysis showed UPS's elastic-dominant nature with thixotropic tendencies. UPS inhibited α-glycosidase, α-amylase, and ACE up to 86%, and reduced Caco-2 and MCF-7 cell viability by 70% and 46%, respectively. UPS favored beneficial gut microbiota growth, releasing significant SCFAs during fecal fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athira Jayasree Subhash
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Gafar Babatunde Bamigbade
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammed Tarique
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Basel Al-Ramadi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Basim Abu-Jdayil
- Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, College of Engineering, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), PO Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Afaf Kamal-Eldin
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Laura Nyström
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mutamed Ayyash
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Jayasree Subhash A, Babatunde Bamigbade G, Al-Ramadi B, Kamal-Eldin A, Gan RY, Senaka Ranadheera C, Ayyash M. Characterizing date seed polysaccharides: A comprehensive study on extraction, biological activities, prebiotic potential, gut microbiota modulation, and rheology using microwave-assisted deep eutectic solvent. Food Chem 2024; 444:138618. [PMID: 38309077 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the biological activities, prebiotic potentials, modulating gut microbiota, and rheological properties of polysaccharides derived from date seeds via microwave-assisted deep eutectic solvent systems. Averaged molecular weight (246.5 kDa) and a monosaccharide profile (galacturonic acid: glucose: mannose: fructose: galactose), classifying MPS as a heteropolysaccharide. MPS, at concentrations of 125-1000 µg/mL, demonstrates increasing free radical scavenging activities (DPPH, ABTS, MC, SOD, SORS, and LO), potent antioxidant potential (FRAP: 51.2-538.3 µg/mL; TAC: 28.3-683.4 µg/mL; RP: 18.5-171.2 µg/mL), and dose-dependent antimicrobial activity against common foodborne pathogens. Partially-purified MPS exhibits inhibition against α-glucosidase (79.6 %), α-amylase (85.1 %), and ACE (68.4 %), along with 80 % and 46 % inhibition against Caco-2 and MCF-7 cancer cells, respectively. Results indicate that MPS fosters the growth of beneficial fecal microbiota, including Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria, supporting microbes responsible for major SCFAs (acetic, propionic, and butyric acids) production, such as Ruminococcus and Blautia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athira Jayasree Subhash
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al-Ain, UAE
| | - Gafar Babatunde Bamigbade
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al-Ain, UAE
| | - Basel Al-Ramadi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al-Ain, UAE; Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al-Ain, UAE
| | - Afaf Kamal-Eldin
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al-Ain, UAE
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | | | - Mutamed Ayyash
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al-Ain, UAE; School of Agriculture, Food, and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
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Elkatry HO, Almubarak SEH, Mohamed HI, Ramadan KMA, Ahmed AR. The Potential of Using Bisr Date Powder as a Novel Ingredient in Biscuits Made of Wheat Flour Only or Mixed with Barley. Foods 2024; 13:1940. [PMID: 38928881 PMCID: PMC11202635 DOI: 10.3390/foods13121940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
An overproducing date fruit with limited industrial utilization leads to significant waste and losses, especially in the early stage of date maturity known as bisr. This study aimed to investigate the potential use of bisr date powder (BDP) at different concentrations (25%, 50%, and 100%) as a natural sweetener instead of sugar and barley flour as a source of dietary fiber, vitamins, and minerals instead of wheat flour (50%) in biscuit production over storage periods of 7, 14, and 21 days. The analysis revealed that the bisr Al-Khalas powder sample had a moisture content of 11.84%, ash content of 2.30%, and crude fiber content of 10.20%. Additionally, it had a low protein (2.50%) and fat (0.77%) content, with total carbohydrates at 82.59%. The gradual substitution of bisr Al-Khalas in biscuit production resulted in an increased moisture, ash, fat, protein, crude fiber, and iron content, as well as a decrease in total carbohydrate percentage. A chemical analysis of bisr Al-Khalas powder demonstrated high levels of antioxidants, with 248.49 mg gallic acid/g of phenolic compounds, 31.03 mg quercetin/g of flavonoids, and an antioxidant activity ranging from 42.30%, as shown by the DPPH test. The peroxide content was 0.009 mg equivalent/kg. Biscuit samples with different proportions of bisr Al-Khalas showed an improved resistance to oxidation compared to samples without bisr Al-Khalas, with increased resistance as the percentage of replacement increased during storage. Physical properties such as the diameter, height, and spread percentage, as well as organoleptic properties like color, flavor, aroma, and taste, were significantly enhanced with higher levels of bisr Al-Khalas in the mixture. Biscuit samples fortified with 100% pure bisr Al-Khalas powder were found to be less acceptable, while samples with a 25% substitution did not negatively impact sensory properties. In addition, acrylamide and hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) were not detected in bisr powder and biscuit samples prepared at different concentrations (25%, 50%, and 100%). In conclusion, the study suggests that bisr Al-Khalas powder, an underutilized waste product, has the potential to add value to commercial biscuit production due to its high nutritional value and extended storage period resulting from its potent antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiam O. Elkatry
- Food and Nutrition Science Department, Agricultural Science and Food, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (S.E.H.A.); (A.R.A.)
- Home Economics Department, Faculty of Specific Education, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11772, Egypt
| | - Sukainah E. H. Almubarak
- Food and Nutrition Science Department, Agricultural Science and Food, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (S.E.H.A.); (A.R.A.)
| | - Heba I. Mohamed
- Biological and Geological Sciences Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11341, Egypt
| | - Khaled M. A. Ramadan
- Central Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Agricultural Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Hadayek Shobra, Cairo 11241, Egypt
| | - Abdelrahman R. Ahmed
- Food and Nutrition Science Department, Agricultural Science and Food, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (S.E.H.A.); (A.R.A.)
- Home Economics Department, Faculty of Specific Education, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11772, Egypt
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6
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Shi L, Liu Z, Gonzalez Viejo C, Ahmadi F, Dunshea FR, Suleria HAR. Comparison of phenolic composition in Australian-grown date fruit (Phoenix dactylifera L.) seeds from different varieties and ripening stages. Food Res Int 2024; 181:114096. [PMID: 38448106 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
In this research, different seeds of Australian-grown date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) were studied to evaluate the antioxidant potential and analyze their phenolic constituents. Phenolic compounds were extracted from seeds of various Australian-grown date varieties at different ripening stages. Eight varieties of date seeds (Zahidi, Medjool, Deglet nour, Thoory, Halawi, Barhee, Khadrawy, and Bau Strami) at three ripening stages (Kimri, Khalal, and Tamar) were investigated in this study. Date seeds at Khalal (9.87-16.93 mg GAE/g) and Tamar (9.20-27.87 mg GAE/g) stages showed higher total phenolic content than those at Kimri stage (1.81-5.99 mg GAE/g). For antioxidant assays like DPPH, FRAP, ABTS, RAP, FICA, and TAC, date seeds at Khalal and Tamar stages also showed higher antioxidant potential than Kimri stage. However, date seeds at Kimri stage (55.24-63.26 mg TE/g) expressed higher radical scavenging activity than Khalal (13.58-51.88 mg TE/g) and Tamar (11.06-50.92 mg TE/g) stages. Phenolic compounds were characterized using LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS, revealing the presence of 37 different phenolic compounds, including 8 phenolic acids, 18 flavonoids, and 11 other phenolic compounds. Further, phenolic compounds were quantified using LC-DAD, revealing that Zahidi variety of date seeds exhibited the highest content during the Kimri stage. In contrast, during the Khalal and Tamar stages, Deglet nour and Medjool date seeds displayed higher concentrations of phenolic compounds. The results indicated an increase in phenolic content in date seeds after the Kimri stage, with significant variations observed among different date varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghong Shi
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Ziyao Liu
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Claudia Gonzalez Viejo
- Digital Agriculture, Food and Wine Group, School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Farhad Ahmadi
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Frank R Dunshea
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Hafiz A R Suleria
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
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7
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Roumani M, Remmani R, Miladi M, Abu‐Khalaf N, Canales AR. Physical properties and mass models of Deglet Noor and Arichti semi-dry Algerian date fruits: A comparative study. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:2886-2895. [PMID: 38628182 PMCID: PMC11016444 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
For thousands of years, date fruit (Phoenix dactylifera L.) has been a popular diet in arid and semi-arid locations. It has religious importance for Muslims and is especially important during the holy month of Ramadan. The global output of date fruits has been continuously expanding, with Arab nations accounting for a sizable portion. The emphasis of this research is on two popular semi-dry Algerian date fruit types, Deglet Noor and Arechti, which are grown in the Ziban region. These fruits' physical parameters, such as size, sphericity, surface area, volumes, and density, were determined. The goal of this study was to create a mass model based on these physical attributes to help in the grading and sorting of date fruits. Fruit mass was shown to be closely connected to linear dimensions, arithmetic and geometric mean diameters, surface area, and volumes. Correlations between mass and physical attributes were established using a variety of mathematical models, including linear, quadratic, S-curve, and power models. The results demonstrated the applicability of specific factors for mass modeling, offering useful insights for the development of system sizing and conservation. With good correlation, multivariate data analysis was employed to correctly estimate the mass of both kinds. This research advances our understanding of the physical features of Algerian date fruits and their connection to mass, allowing for better handling, sorting, and packing processes in the worldwide date market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Messaoud Roumani
- Department of PhœnicicultureScientific and Technical Research Center on Arid RegionsBiskraAlgeria
| | - Rania Remmani
- Applied Chemistry LaboratoryUniversity of BiskraBiskraAlgeria
| | - Malek Miladi
- Engineering DepartmentMiguel Hernández UniversityAlicanteSpain
| | - Nawaf Abu‐Khalaf
- Department of Agricultural BiotechnologyPalestine Technical University‐KadoorieTulkarmPalestine
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Al-Karmadi A, Okoh AI. An Overview of Date ( Phoenix dactylifera) Fruits as an Important Global Food Resource. Foods 2024; 13:1024. [PMID: 38611330 PMCID: PMC11011438 DOI: 10.3390/foods13071024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Dates are the fruits of the date palm belonging to the Arecaceae family; they comprise over 2500 species and 200 genera and constitute an essential part of the daily diet worldwide, with beneficial nutritional, health, and economic values. Several varieties of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) fruit exist globally, especially in hot and humid regions. This review is an overview of date palms as a significant global food resource, including their historical significance, nutritional composition, cultivation practices, economic importance, and health benefits. The historical journey of dates goes back to ancient civilizations where they were revered for their richness in essential nutrients and natural sweetness. Today, dates are a vital crop in arid regions, contributing substantially to the agricultural economy and livelihoods of communities. This paper further explores the cultivation techniques employed to enhance date production. Furthermore, the nutritional composition of dates is analyzed in detail, highlighting their high content of vitamins, minerals, dietary fibers, and antioxidants. These attributes make dates a delicious treat and a valuable nutritional component, offering numerous health benefits. The potential health effects, including improved digestion, enhanced cardiovascular health, and increased energy levels, are discussed. Additionally, this paper delves into the economic significance of the date industry and its global trade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashgan Al-Karmadi
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anthony Ifeanyin Okoh
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa;
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Rybacki P, Niemann J, Derouiche S, Chetehouna S, Boulaares I, Seghir NM, Diatta J, Osuch A. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Model for the Classification of Varieties of Date Palm Fruits ( Phoenix dactylifera L.). SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:558. [PMID: 38257650 PMCID: PMC10818393 DOI: 10.3390/s24020558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The popularity and demand for high-quality date palm fruits (Phoenix dactylifera L.) have been growing, and their quality largely depends on the type of handling, storage, and processing methods. The current methods of geometric evaluation and classification of date palm fruits are characterised by high labour intensity and are usually performed mechanically, which may cause additional damage and reduce the quality and value of the product. Therefore, non-contact methods are being sought based on image analysis, with digital solutions controlling the evaluation and classification processes. The main objective of this paper is to develop an automatic classification model for varieties of date palm fruits using a convolutional neural network (CNN) based on two fundamental criteria, i.e., colour difference and evaluation of geometric parameters of dates. A CNN with a fixed architecture was built, marked as DateNET, consisting of a system of five alternating Conv2D, MaxPooling2D, and Dropout classes. The validation accuracy of the model presented in this study depended on the selection of classification criteria. It was 85.24% for fruit colour-based classification and 87.62% for the geometric parameters only; however, it increased considerably to 93.41% when both the colour and geometry of dates were considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Rybacki
- Department of Agronomy, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland
| | - Janetta Niemann
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Samir Derouiche
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, University of El Oued, El Oued 39000, Algeria; (S.D.); (I.B.)
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Application of Biotechnology in the Agricultural Field, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, University of El Oued, El Oued 39000, Algeria;
| | - Sara Chetehouna
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Mohamed Boudiaf-M’sila University, M’sila 28000, Algeria;
| | - Islam Boulaares
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, University of El Oued, El Oued 39000, Algeria; (S.D.); (I.B.)
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Application of Biotechnology in the Agricultural Field, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, University of El Oued, El Oued 39000, Algeria;
| | - Nili Mohammed Seghir
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Application of Biotechnology in the Agricultural Field, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, University of El Oued, El Oued 39000, Algeria;
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of El Oued, El Oued 39000, Algeria
| | - Jean Diatta
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Environmental Biogeochemistry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Ul. Wojska Polskiego 71F, 60-625 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Osuch
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 50, 60-637 Poznań, Poland;
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10
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Abbassi R, Pontes MC, Dhibi S, Duarte Filho LAMS, Othmani S, Bouzenna H, Almeida JRGS, Hfaiedh N. Antioxidant properties of date seeds extract (Phoenix dactylifera L.) in alloxan induced damage in rats. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e274405. [PMID: 38126632 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.274405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The study was conducted to examine the antioxidant activity and evaluate the protective effects of the date seeds powder kentichi against alloxan-induced damage in the liver, kidney, and pancreas in diabetic's rats. Group 1: control group, that did not receive any treatment, Group 2: alloxan was injected intraperitoneally (120 mg/kg body weight) for two days (Diab), Group 3: treated only by date seeds powder added in the diet (300 g/kg) for 6 weeks (DSPK), Group 4: alloxan-diabetic rats treated with date seeds powder (300 g/kg) (DSPK + Diab). Estimations of biochemical parameters in blood were determined. TBARS, SOD, CAT, and GPx activities were determined. A histopathological study was done by immersing pieces of both organs in a fixative solution followed by paraffin hematoxylin-eosin staining. In addition, the antioxidant activities of DSPK were evaluated by DPPH radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and ABTS free radical scavenging. The results revealed that date seeds significantly decreased serum levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, urea, creatinine, T-protein, ALP, D-bili and T-bili levels. In addition, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities that had been reduced in liver, kidney, and pancreas of the treated group were restored by DSPK treatments and, therefore, the lipid peroxidation level was reduced in the liver, kidney and pancreas tissue compared to the control group. Additionally, the histological structure in these organs was restored after treatment with date seeds powder.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Abbassi
- University of Gafsa, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, Laboratory of Biotechnology and Biomonitoring of the Environment and Oasis Ecosystems - LBBEEO, Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - M C Pontes
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas de Plantas Medicinais - NEPLAME, Petrolina, PE, Brasil
| | - S Dhibi
- University of Gafsa, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, Laboratory of Biotechnology and Biomonitoring of the Environment and Oasis Ecosystems - LBBEEO, Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - L A M S Duarte Filho
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas de Plantas Medicinais - NEPLAME, Petrolina, PE, Brasil
| | - S Othmani
- University of Gafsa, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, Laboratory of Biotechnology and Biomonitoring of the Environment and Oasis Ecosystems - LBBEEO, Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - H Bouzenna
- University of Gafsa, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, Laboratory of Biotechnology and Biomonitoring of the Environment and Oasis Ecosystems - LBBEEO, Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - J R G S Almeida
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas de Plantas Medicinais - NEPLAME, Petrolina, PE, Brasil
| | - N Hfaiedh
- University of Gafsa, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, Laboratory of Biotechnology and Biomonitoring of the Environment and Oasis Ecosystems - LBBEEO, Gafsa, Tunisia
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11
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Abdel-Rahman GN, Saleh EM, Hegazy A, Fouzy AS, Embaby MA. Safety improvement of the open sun dried Egyptian Siwi dates using closed solar dryer. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22425. [PMID: 38053903 PMCID: PMC10694329 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Egyptian Siwi dates dried using the open sun drying is exposed to different contaminants. So, the current study aims to use the closed solar dryer to improve Siwi date safety. The impact of washing and closed solar drying on the levels of microbial load, aflatoxins and heavy metals in Egyptian Siwi dates (ESD), in comparison to traditional open sun drying methods were examined. Two different drying techniques were employed to dry 300 kg of ESD. The microbial load was assessed following the two drying procedures. The levels of aflatoxins and heavy metals were analyzed using High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) techniques, respectively, after both drying methods. Additionally, the influence of storage time on the microbial load of the ESD was also evaluated using standard methods. The findings of the current study demonstrated that the closed solar drying significantly reduced the total bacterial and fungal counts by 96 % and 93 %, respectively, when compared to open sun-drying. No aflatoxins were detected in both fresh Siwi dates and Siwi dates dried using closed solar drying. However, after open sun drying, two aflatoxins; aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and aflatoxin G1 (AFG1), were detected in the ESD, with concentrations of 0.95 and 0.23 μg kg-1, respectively. The closed solar drying significantly decreased the levels of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and iron (Fe) in the dried dates by 96 %, 94 %, 48 %, 71 %, 64 %, 4 %, 26 %, and 7 %, respectively, when compared to open sun drying. The stored Siwi dates that was exposed to the open sun drying showed a higher increase in bacterial (4.86 log CFU/g) and fungal (4.46 log CFU/g) counts. However, the stored Siwi dates that was exposed to the closed solar dryer showed a lower increase in bacterial (3.21 log CFU/g) and fungal (2.51 log CFU/g) counts. So, the duration of storage significantly impacted the microbial loads of the closed solar dried dates as compared to open sun drying. Overall, closed solar drying reduced the levels of investigated contaminants and extended the shelf life of ESD, thereby enhancing their safety for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gomaa N. Abdel-Rahman
- Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Essam M. Saleh
- Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Aiat Hegazy
- Solar Energy Department, National Research Centre, 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S.M. Fouzy
- Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Embaby
- Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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12
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Noorbakhsh H, Rabbani Khorasgani M. Functional and chemical properties of Phoenix dactylifera l. Polysaccharides and the effect of date flesh and seed intervention on some blood biomarkers: A contrastive analysis. Food Chem X 2023; 19:100834. [PMID: 37780309 PMCID: PMC10534174 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemical structure and bioactivity of ultrasonic-assisted alkaline extracted polysaccharides of date seed (DSP) and date flesh (DFP) were investigated. In addition, a crossover clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of 28 days of date seed powder and date flesh consumption on blood biomarkers. Xylose (72.2 %) and galactose (41.6 %) were the most abundant monosaccharides in DSP and DFP, also DFP had a higher uronic acid content (12.16 ± 2.13 g/100 g) compared to DSP (5.57 ± 1.2 g/100 g). DSP had higher proliferation and antibacterial effects compared to DFP and inulin. Bifidobacterium animalis produced a higher short-chain fatty acid concentration during fermentation of DSP (66.98 ± 4.33 mM) and DFP (58.58 ± 5.57 mM) than inulin (19.68 ± 3.73 mM). Date seed powder could significantly reduce C-reactive proteins and triglycerides and increase red blood cell count (p < 0.05). DSP showed considerable prebiotic capability, antibacterial activity, and health-promoting effect; therefore, it could be considered for further investigation as nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Noorbakhsh
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rabbani Khorasgani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
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13
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Alsuhaymi S, Singh U, Al-Younis I, Kharbatia NM, Haneef A, Chandra K, Dhahri M, Assiri MA, Emwas AH, Jaremko M. Untargeted metabolomics analysis of four date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivars using MS and NMR. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2023; 13:44. [PMID: 37870666 PMCID: PMC10593664 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-023-00406-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Since ancient times, the inhabitants of dry areas have depended on the date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) as a staple food and means of economic security. For example, dates have been a staple diet for the inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula and Sahara Desert in North Africa for millennia and the local culture is rich in knowledge and experience with the benefits of dates, suggesting that dates contain many substances essential for the human body. Madinah dates are considered one of the most important types of dates in the Arabian Peninsula, with Ajwa being one of the most famous types and grown only in Madinah, Saudi Arabia. Date seeds are traditionally used for animal feed, seed oil production, cosmetics, and as a coffee substitute. Phytochemical compounds that have been detected in date fruits and date seeds include phenolic acids, carotenoids, and flavonoids. Phenolic acids are the most prevalent bioactive constituents that contribute to the antioxidant activity of date fruits. The bioactive properties of these phytochemicals are believed to promote human health by reducing the risk of diseases such as chronic inflammation. Ajwa dates especially are thought to have superior bioactivity properties. To investigate these claims, in this study, we compare the metabolic profiles of Ajwa with different types of dates collected from Saudi Arabia and Tunisia. We show by UHPLC-MS that date seeds contain several classes of flavonoids, phenolic acids, and amino acid derivatives, including citric acid, malic acid, lactic acid, and hydroxyadipic acid. Additionally, GC-MS profiling showed that date seeds are richer in metabolite classes, such as hydrocinnamic acids (caffeic, ferulic and sinapic acids), than flesh samples. Deglet N fruit extract (minimum inhibitory concentration: 27 MIC/μM) and Sukkari fruit extract (IC50: 479 ± 0.58μg /mL) have higher levels of antibacterial and antioxidative activity than Ajwa fruits. However, the seed analysis showed that seed extracts have better bioactivity effects than fruit extracts. Specifically, Ajwa extract showed the best MIC and strongest ABTS radical-scavenging activity among examined seed extracts (minimum inhibitory concentration: 20 μM; IC50: 54 ± 3.61μg /mL). Our assays are a starting point for more advanced in vitro antibacterial models and investigation into the specific molecules that are responsible for the antioxidative and anti-bacterial activities of dates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuruq Alsuhaymi
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Upendra Singh
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Inas Al-Younis
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Najeh M Kharbatia
- Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Haneef
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Abdullah Int Medical Research Center, NGHA, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Kousik Chandra
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Manel Dhahri
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, 46423, Yanbu Branch, Yanbu, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Assiri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
- Smart-Health Initiative and Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 4700, 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
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14
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Hamdi A, Viera-Alcaide I, Costa S, Lino-Neto T, Guillén-Bejarano R, Rodríguez-Arcos R, Jiménez-Araujo A. A Sustainable Approach for the Valorization of Underutilized Date Fruits. Molecules 2023; 28:5807. [PMID: 37570777 PMCID: PMC10420846 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Secondary varieties of date fruits are often discarded because they do not have commercial value. However, their phytochemicals are very similar to those of the primary ones and therefore, they can be valorized as a source of compounds of interest, mainly phenols and dietary fiber. Their chemical composition changes with ripening, so their characterization throughout this process is of great significance. Date fruit samples were harvested at Khalal, Rutab, and Tamer stages, and a mixture of fruits from ornamental date trees was also analyzed. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts were studied for their phenolic composition. In aqueous extracts, phenols decreased with ripening, while in the ethanolic ones having higher phenolic content. Chelidonic acid, a γ-pyrone, was the major compound found in all extracts, but in the ethanolic ones, flavonoids were also present in similar amounts. After purification by adsorption chromatography, all extracts were assayed for their antimicrobial activity. Those from the Tamer stage showed the highest activity, especially against Gram-positive bacteria. The fibrous residues after aqueous and ethanolic extractions were also characterized. Their chemical composition suggested that they can be considered as a good source of prebiotic arabinoxylans and antioxidant fiber, whose antiradical activity correlated with their phenolic content. Date fruits from secondary varieties are promising as a worthwhile starting point for obtaining new value-added products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel Hamdi
- Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO), Building 46, Carretera de Utrera Km1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (A.H.); (I.V.-A.); (R.G.-B.); (R.R.-A.)
- Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering Department, Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), University Pablo de Olavide (UPO), CSIC/UPO/Junta de Andalucía, Carretera de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Isabel Viera-Alcaide
- Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO), Building 46, Carretera de Utrera Km1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (A.H.); (I.V.-A.); (R.G.-B.); (R.R.-A.)
| | - Susana Costa
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (S.C.); (T.L.-N.)
| | - Teresa Lino-Neto
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (S.C.); (T.L.-N.)
| | - Rafael Guillén-Bejarano
- Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO), Building 46, Carretera de Utrera Km1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (A.H.); (I.V.-A.); (R.G.-B.); (R.R.-A.)
| | - Rocío Rodríguez-Arcos
- Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO), Building 46, Carretera de Utrera Km1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (A.H.); (I.V.-A.); (R.G.-B.); (R.R.-A.)
| | - Ana Jiménez-Araujo
- Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO), Building 46, Carretera de Utrera Km1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (A.H.); (I.V.-A.); (R.G.-B.); (R.R.-A.)
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15
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Muñoz-Bas C, Muñoz-Tebar N, Candela-Salvador L, Pérez-Alvarez JA, Lorenzo JM, Viuda-Martos M, Fernández-López J. Quality Characteristics of Fresh Date Palm Fruits of "Medjoul" and "Confitera" cv. from the Southeast of Spain (Elche Palm Grove). Foods 2023; 12:2659. [PMID: 37509750 PMCID: PMC10379225 DOI: 10.3390/foods12142659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The quality characteristics (physical, techno-functional, and chemical) of date fruits (at the tamar stage) of two cultivars ("Confitera", autochthonous and unknown vs. "Medjoul", widely distributed and well-known), grown in the Southeast of Spain (Elche palm grove) were evaluated in order to reinforce decisions aimed at organizing the production of fresh dates from Elche by selecting the most profitable cultivar. Morphologically, Confitera dates were longer and with higher pulp yield than Medjoul dates (4.58 cm vs. 3.88 cm, and 84% vs. 78%, respectively) (p < 0.05). Nutritionally, both dates are a good source of carbohydrates (total sugars (43-48%) and dietary fiber (20-22%)), with small amounts of fat and proteins. The main free sugars in dates from both cultivars were glucose and fructose (reducing sugars). The most abundant mineral found in both date fruits were K, followed by Ca or Mg (depending on the cultivar; Ca in Medjoul and Mg in Confitera). Confitera dates showed a higher total antioxidant activity than Medjoul, corresponding with their higher (p < 0.05) content in polyphenolic compounds, mainly flavonoids (catechin and epicatechin predominantly). Confitera dates should be promoted in this region not only for their contribution to sustainable agricultural development and biodiversity, but also for their higher overall quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Muñoz-Bas
- IPOA Research Group, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental, Universidad Miguel Hernández (CIAGRO-UMH), Ctra. Beniel Km 3.2, 033121 Orihuela, Spain
| | - Nuria Muñoz-Tebar
- IPOA Research Group, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental, Universidad Miguel Hernández (CIAGRO-UMH), Ctra. Beniel Km 3.2, 033121 Orihuela, Spain
| | - Laura Candela-Salvador
- IPOA Research Group, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental, Universidad Miguel Hernández (CIAGRO-UMH), Ctra. Beniel Km 3.2, 033121 Orihuela, Spain
| | - José A Pérez-Alvarez
- IPOA Research Group, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental, Universidad Miguel Hernández (CIAGRO-UMH), Ctra. Beniel Km 3.2, 033121 Orihuela, Spain
| | - José M Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Avd. Galicia 4, 32900 San Cibrao das Viñas, Spain
| | - Manuel Viuda-Martos
- IPOA Research Group, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental, Universidad Miguel Hernández (CIAGRO-UMH), Ctra. Beniel Km 3.2, 033121 Orihuela, Spain
| | - Juana Fernández-López
- IPOA Research Group, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental, Universidad Miguel Hernández (CIAGRO-UMH), Ctra. Beniel Km 3.2, 033121 Orihuela, Spain
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16
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AlYammahi J, Darwish AS, Almustafa G, Lemaoui T, AlNashef IM, Hasan SW, Taher H, Banat F. Natural deep eutectic solvents for Ultrasonic-Assisted extraction of nutritious date Sugar: Molecular Screening, Experimental, and prediction. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 98:106514. [PMID: 37421845 PMCID: PMC10359946 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to develop an environmentally friendly and effective method for the extraction of nutritious date sugar using natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (USAE). The careful design of a suitable NADES-USAE system was systematically supported by COSMO-RS screening, response surface method (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN). Initially, 26 natural hydrogen bond donors (HBDs) were carefully screened for sugar affinity using COSMO-RS. The best performing HBDs were then used for the synthesis of 5 NADES using choline chloride (ChCl) as HBA. Among the synthesized NADES, the mixture of ChCl, citric acid (CA) and water (1:1:1 with 20 wt% water) resulted in the highest sugar yield of 78.30 ± 3.91 g/100 g, which is superior to conventional solvents such as water (29.92 ± 1.50 g/100 g). Further enhancements using RSM and ANN led to an even higher sugar recovery of 87.81 ± 2.61 g/100 g, at conditions of 30 °C, 45 min, and a solvent to DFP ratio of 40 mL/g. The method NADES-USAE was then compared with conventional hot water extraction (CHWE) (61.36 ± 3.06) and showed 43.1% higher sugar yield. The developed process not only improves the recovery of the nutritious date sugar but also preserves the heat-sensitive bioactive compounds in dates, making it an attractive alternative to CHWE for industrial utilization. Overall, this study shows a promising approach for the extraction of nutritive sugars from dates using environmentally friendly solvents and advanced technology. It also highlights the potential of this approach for valorizing underutilized fruits and preserving their bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawaher AlYammahi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE); Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Ahmad S Darwish
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE); Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Ghaiath Almustafa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE)
| | - Tarek Lemaoui
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE); Research & Innovation Center for Graphene and 2D Materials (RIC-2D), Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Inas M AlNashef
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE); Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE; Research & Innovation Center for Graphene and 2D Materials (RIC-2D), Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates; Research and Innovation Center on CO(2) and H(2) (RICH), Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Shadi W Hasan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE); Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Hanifa Taher
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE); Research and Innovation Center on CO(2) and H(2) (RICH), Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Fawzi Banat
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE); Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
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17
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Haris S, Alam M, Galiwango E, Mohamed MM, Kamal-Eldin A, Al-Marzouqi AH. Characterization analysis of date fruit pomace: An underutilized waste bioresource rich in dietary fiber and phenolic antioxidants. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 163:34-42. [PMID: 37001310 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Date fruit pomace (DFP), an abundant byproduct of the date syrup industry, is currently underutilized. It is either fed to animals or landfilled where it ferments, causing serious environmental issues. Proper waste management through valorization strategies is required to reduce the environmental impact of date waste and foster the transition of the date processing industry towards sustainability. The implementation of valorization strategies requires characterizing the DFP composition. Herein, four DFP samples of Emirati varieties were characterized in terms of compositional and functional properties. The fresh DFPs contained moisture (∼60.0 g/100 g). On a dry matter basis, DFPs contained total dietary fiber (∼45.5 g/100 g), residual sugars (∼35.3 g/100 g), protein (∼10.6 g/100 g), ash (∼4.1 g/100 g), and fat (∼1.3 g/100 g). They were also rich in nutritionally important elements such as potassium (∼145.7 ppm), calcium (∼46 ppm), phosphorus (∼28.7 ppm), and magnesium (∼26.7 ppm). The total phenolic content varied from 170 to 260 mg gallic acid equivalents GAE/100 g, making DFP a good source of antioxidants. Scanning electron microscopy measurements revealed the presence of fibrous bundle-like structures, whose thermal stability was confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis, showing the dominance of insoluble over soluble fiber. Higher water- and oil-holding capacities were found for dried desugared pomace. The high fiber, phenolic, and elemental content highlight the high nutritional value of DFP, which can be used as dietary supplement, while its sugar content can be used to produce value-added biochemicals via fermentation. Thus, DFP may represent a valuable bioresource for food and non-food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabeera Haris
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, 15551 Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muneeba Alam
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture & Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, 15551 Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Emmanuel Galiwango
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, 15551 Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed Mostafa Mohamed
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, 15551 Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Afaf Kamal-Eldin
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture & Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, 15551 Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali H Al-Marzouqi
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, 15551 Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
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18
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Mahomoodally MF, Khadaroo SK, Hosenally M, Zengin G, Rebezov M, Ali Shariati M, Khalid A, Abdalla AN, Algarni AS, Simal-Gandara J. Nutritional, medicinal and functional properties of different parts of the date palm and its fruit ( Phoenix dactylifera L.) - A systematic review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 64:7748-7803. [PMID: 37070182 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2191285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Appraised for being one of the oldest staple nutritive foods mainly in the Arabian Peninsula, the date palm tree (Phoenix dactylifera L.), is a crop native to the subtropical and tropical regions of Southern Asia and Africa. Different parts of the date tree have been extensively studied for their nutritional and therapeutic properties. Despite an array of publications on the date tree, there has been no attempt to compile in a single study the traditional uses, nutritive value, phytochemical profile, the medicinal properties as well as the potential of the different plant parts as a functional food. Therefore, this review endeavors to systematically review the scientific literature to highlight the traditional uses of date fruit and parts around the world, the nutritional profile of several parts and the medicinal properties. A total of 215 studies was retrieved (traditional uses (n = 26), nutritional (n = 52), and medicinal (n = 84)). Scientific articles were further categorized as in vitro (n = 33), in vivo (n = 35), and clinical (n = 16) evidences. Date seeds were found to be effective against E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Aqueous date pollen was used to manage hormonal problems and boost fertility. Palm leaves showed anti-hyperglycemic effects via inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Unlike previous studies, this study highlighted the functional roles of all the plant parts of the palm tree and provided insights into the various mechanism of action of their bioactive compounds. Although scientific shreds of evidence have been growing over the years, there is still a dearth of studies concerning the clinical validation of the date fruit and other plant parts to provide strong evidence on their medicinal uses. In conclusion, P. dactylifera can be regarded as a potent medicinal plant with prophylactic potential and should be further explored to alleviate the burden of both communicable and non-communicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Chennai, India
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Shahana Khatoon Khadaroo
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Muzzammil Hosenally
- Department of Economics and Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences & Humanities, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Maksim Rebezov
- Department of Scientific Research, V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- Department of Scientific Research, Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Department of Scientific Research, K. G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of technologies and management (The First Cossack University), Moscow, Russian Federation
- Kazakh Research Institute of Processing and Food Industry, Semey Branch of the Institute, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Asaad Khalid
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants and Traditional Medicine Research Institute, National Center for Research, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Ashraf N Abdalla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alanood S Algarni
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Ourense, Spain
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19
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Sanei S, Kasgari MB, Abedinzadeh F, Sasan AP, Hassani S, Karimi E, Oskoueian E, Jahromi MF. Microcapsules loaded with date seed extract and its inhibitory potential to modulate the toxic effects of mycotoxins in mice received mold-contaminated diet. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:58654-58662. [PMID: 36991200 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26640-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Mycotoxins are the secondary fungal metabolites generally produced by wide range of fungi including aflatoxins (AF), ochratoxin A (OTA), fumonisins (FB), zearalenone (ZEN), and deoxynivalenol (DON). Nowadays, they are main concern to food and agricultural commodities due to undesirable health and socio-economic effect. This investigation was designed to synthesized microcapsules loaded the bioactive compounds of date seed and evaluated its inhibitory activities in mice received mold-contaminated diet. The finding revealed that the developed microcapsule is homogenous and mostly spherical with size of 2.58 μm with acceptable PDI of 0.21. The main phytochemical has been confirmed by HPLC analysis were xylose, fructose, mannose, glucose, and galactose with the respective values of 41.95%, 2.24%, 5.27%, and 0.169%. The in vivo analyses manifested that the mice received date seed microcapsules significantly (p < 0.05) improved the average daily weight gain, feed intake, liver enzymes (ALT, ALP, and AST), and lipid peroxidation values compare to mice group received mycotoxin-contaminated diet. Furthermore, encapsulation date seed bioactive compounds notably up-regulated the expression of GPx, SOD, IFN-γ, and IL-2 genes while down-regulated the iNOS gene. Consequently, the novel microcapsules loaded date seed is suggested to be considered as a promising mycotoxin inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sogand Sanei
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Abedinzadeh
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Atena Poor Sasan
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saeid Hassani
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ehsan Karimi
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Ehsan Oskoueian
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Research and Development, Arka Industrial Cluster, Mashhad, Iran
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20
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Safrina A, Anita N, Jusuf AA, Syaidah R, Saoemi HA. Bax/Bcl-2 Expression Ratio Analysis of Rat Ovary Vitrified with Date Juice Concentrate as a Natural Extracellular Cryoprotectant. J Hum Reprod Sci 2023; 16:106-113. [PMID: 37547095 PMCID: PMC10404014 DOI: 10.4103/jhrs.jhrs_29_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The use of extremely low temperatures in vitrification is known to cause cryoinjury so that it can trigger the activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, which can damage the structural integrity of the pre-antral follicle. Based on that, it is necessary to use an appropriate cryoprotectant to protect the preserved cell. Aims This study aimed to identify the potential use of date juice concentrate (DJC) as a natural extracellular cryoprotectant to suppress the rate of apoptosis after vitrification. Settings and Design This experimental research uses 24 samples of ovarian rats. Rats were fed and drank an ad libitum. Materials and Methods Ovaries were isolated in the proestrus phase, then processed into slides for immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining using anti-Bax and anti-Bcl-2 antibodies. IHC results were evaluated for the brown colour using ImageJ IHC Profiler. The results were analysed as an optical density and displayed in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Statistical Analysis Used All data were statistically analysed with either parametric (analysis of various) or non-parametric (Kruskal-Wallis) tests. Results The combination of EG 7.5% + DJC 15% (KP2) showed the lowest Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in primordial and primary follicles. Meanwhile, the lowest Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in secondary follicles is found in KP4 (EG 15% + DJC 15%). The DJC is known to contain a dominant amount of glucose. The DJC shows antioxidant activity and contains antioxidant compounds, phenols and flavonoids. Conclusion The sugar content and antioxidant compounds of DJC can protect against follicle membrane damage, so the rate of intrinsic apoptosis pathway is also suppressed initially with Bax protein suppression in the mitochondrial membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisyah Safrina
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Nova Anita
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Ahmad Aulia Jusuf
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Rahimi Syaidah
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia
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21
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Muñoz-Tebar N, Viuda-Martos M, Lorenzo JM, Fernandez-Lopez J, Perez-Alvarez JA. Strategies for the Valorization of Date Fruit and Its Co-Products: A New Ingredient in the Development of Value-Added Foods. Foods 2023; 12:foods12071456. [PMID: 37048284 PMCID: PMC10094366 DOI: 10.3390/foods12071456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Date palm trees (Phoenix dactylifera L.) are traditionally cultivated in South-West Asia and North Africa for date fruit consumption, although in recent years, its consumption has increased worldwide, and its cultivation has spread to other areas of America, sub-Saharan Africa, Oceania, and Southern Europe. During date fruit processing, several types of by-products are generated, such as low-quality dates or seeds, which along with date fruit, represent an excellent source of dietary fiber and bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, carotenoids, tocopherols, and tocotrienols. Therefore, this review provides information on the processing of dates fruit and the value-added by-products generated from them as well as their applications in different types of foods for the development of foods with an enhanced nutritional and functional profile. The incorporation of date fruit and their co-products in food formulations will help to cover the current consumer demands for foods made with ingredients of natural origin and with health properties beyond the merely nutritional.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Muñoz-Tebar
- IPOA Research Group, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental, Universidad Miguel Hernández (CIAGRO-UMH), Carretera. Beniel Km 3.2, 033121 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | - Manuel Viuda-Martos
- IPOA Research Group, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental, Universidad Miguel Hernández (CIAGRO-UMH), Carretera. Beniel Km 3.2, 033121 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Avd. Galicia 4, 32900 San Cibrao das Viñas, Ourense, Spain
| | - Juana Fernandez-Lopez
- IPOA Research Group, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental, Universidad Miguel Hernández (CIAGRO-UMH), Carretera. Beniel Km 3.2, 033121 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | - Jose Angel Perez-Alvarez
- IPOA Research Group, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental, Universidad Miguel Hernández (CIAGRO-UMH), Carretera. Beniel Km 3.2, 033121 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
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22
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Stojanovska L, Ali HI, Kamal-Eldin A, Souka U, Al Dhaheri AS, Cheikh Ismail L, Hilary S. Soluble and Insoluble Dietary Fibre in Date Fruit Varieties: An Evaluation of Methods and Their Implications for Human Health. Foods 2023; 12:foods12061231. [PMID: 36981157 PMCID: PMC10048106 DOI: 10.3390/foods12061231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary fibre analysis is expensive due to its reliance on enzymes such as α-amylase, protease, and amyloglucosidase. This study investigated whether enzymes are essential in analysing insoluble, soluble, and total dietary fibre (IDF, SDF and TDF) contents in dry fruits with very low starch and protein contents. The IDF, SDF, and TDF were measured in date fruits using the enzymatic gravimetric method AOAC 991.43 in the ANKOM dietary fibre analyser, with and without enzymatic digestion. The study analysed six date fruit varieties with a range of texture profiles. Our results highlighted agreement between both methods in the measured IDF, SDF, and TDF values. TDF values in date fruit varieties varied considerably, from 5.67% g/100 g to 10.33% g/100 g. Results from both methods also indicate that IDF constituted the bulk of dietary fibre content in all date fruit varieties (77.8% to 91.6%), while the proportion of SDF was between 8.4% and 22.2%. This study confirms that dates are a rich source of dietary fibre, and can be a valuable functional ingredient in foods that reduce the risk of chronic diseases. The study confirmed that the inexpensive non-enzymatic technique is a viable substitute for the enzymatic method for analysing dietary fibre in dry fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily Stojanovska
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011, Australia
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (S.H.)
| | - Habiba I. Ali
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Afaf Kamal-Eldin
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Usama Souka
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ayesha S. Al Dhaheri
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Leila Cheikh Ismail
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Nuffield Department of Women’s and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, UK
| | - Serene Hilary
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (S.H.)
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23
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AlYammahi J, Rambabu K, Thanigaivelan A, Hasan SW, Taher H, Show PL, Banat F. Production and characterization of camel milk powder enriched with date extract. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2023.114636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
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24
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Mousavi M, Fadaei V, Akbari‐adergani B. Stimulation of ACE inhibitory and improving α-amylase and α-glucosidase and antioxidant activities of semi-prepared and dry soup by incorporating with date kernel powder. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:1342-1353. [PMID: 36911836 PMCID: PMC10003009 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Date kernel as a functional food component has a special importance due to its rich nutritional profile, low price, and ease of access. For this, in this research, the sub-product was used for formulation of semi-prepared dry soup (SPDS); the effect of adding 0 (S1 = control), 2 (S2), and 4 (S3) %w/w date kernel powder (DKP) on physicochemical, nutritional, and organoleptic properties and beneficial effects of SPDS samples were evaluated. The results revealed that S2 and S3 samples were different from the control sample in some physicochemical properties so that viscosity increased 1.27 and 1.52 times and a* raised 5.6 and 8.5 times, respectively, while L* decreased 0.94 and 0.88 times and b* reduced 0.92 and 0.8 times, respectively. The nutritional properties of S2 and S3 samples compared with the control sample improved. Also, differences were observed in the beneficial effects of S2 and S3 compared with the control sample as total polyphenol content (TPC) increased 1.06 and 1.11 times, respectively (p < .05); antioxidant activities (AA) of S2 and S3 samples were 8.04 and 6.01 mg/ml and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities were measured to be 8.2 and 7.86 mg/ml, respectively; also, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of S2 and S3 samples were observed 4.48% and 5.70%, and 4.59% and 6.36%, respectively. From the organoleptic aspect, S3 had the highest acceptability. Generally, it is concluded that with the addition of DKP (maximally 4%w/w) to SPDS formulation, a functional soup could be produced considering the rich nutritional profile of DKP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mousavi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Shahr‐e‐Qods BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Vajiheh Fadaei
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Shahr‐e‐Qods BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Behrouz Akbari‐adergani
- Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Food and Drug AdministrationMinistry of Health and Medical EducationTehranIran
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25
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Al-Khalili M, Al-Habsi N, Rahman MS. Applications of date pits in foods to enhance their functionality and quality: A review. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.1101043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphical AbstractSummary of the abstract
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26
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Ghosh S, Sarkar T, Chakraborty R. Underutilized plant sources: A hidden treasure of natural colors. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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27
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Zhang G, Zhang L, Ahmad I, Zhang J, Zhang A, Tang W, Ding Y, Lyu F. Recent advance in technological innovations of sugar-reduced products. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:5128-5142. [PMID: 36454077 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2151560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Sugar is crucial as an essential nutrient for humans as well as for providing texture, sweetness and so on to food. But with the rise in people's pursuit of health, it is becoming increasingly clear that excessive consumption of sugar can locate a load on the body. It has been that excessive sugar is associated with many diseases, such as dental caries, obesity, diabetes, and coronary heart disease. Therefore, researchers and industries are trying to reduce or substitute sugar in food without affecting the sensory evaluation. Substituting sugar with sweeteners is alternatively becoming the most traditional way to minimize its use. So far, the sweeteners such as stevia and xylitol have been are commercially applied. Several studies have shown that technological innovation can partially compensate for the loss in sweetness as a result of sugar reduction, such as cross-modal interactions that stimulate sweetness with aroma, nanofiltration that filters disaccharides and above, enzyme-catalyzed sugar hydrolysis, and microbial fermentation that turns sugar into sugar alcohol. This review summarizes these studies to enhance the safety and quality of sugar-reduced products, and will provide some theoretical frameworks for the food industry to reduce sugar in foods, meet consumers' needs, and promote human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaopeng Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Lyu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ishtiaq Ahmad
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jianyou Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Anqiang Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Wei Tang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yuting Ding
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Fei Lyu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, P. R. China
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28
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The Effect of an Extract and Fractions of Date Pits on Some Plasma Constituents, Reproductive Hormones, and Testicular Histology in Male Mice. ScientificWorldJournal 2022; 2022:4102960. [PMID: 36330351 PMCID: PMC9626217 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4102960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Pits of dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.) have numerous nutritional benefits that could have wide-ranging applications. This study aimed to examine the effects of administering three extracts from powdered date pits on some basic physiological parameters, plasma constituents, reproductive hormones, and testicular histology in CD1 male mice. Three groups received doses of 100 mg/kg/day of lyophilized extract, a nonpolar fraction, and a polar fraction of date pits by oral gavage for 28 consecutive days. For the control, one group was administered a 1 mL/kg concentration of distilled water. The three different extracts significantly increased the plasma testosterone level but showed no significant effect on estradiol or luteinizing hormone levels, except for estradiol reduction in the polar extract group. The measured physiological or biochemical parameters or testicular histology also demonstrated no significant differences between the control mice and those mice treated with the three extracts, except for reductions in plasma urea in all extracts and in total protein in the nonpolar extract. Therefore, date pit extracts may potentially be used as a safe and effective dietary supplement. However, further investigation is needed.
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29
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Ahmad Mohd Zain MR, Abdul Kari Z, Dawood MAO, Nik Ahmad Ariff NS, Salmuna ZN, Ismail N, Ibrahim AH, Thevan Krishnan K, Che Mat NF, Edinur HA, Abdul Razab MKA, Mohammed A, Mohamed Salam SKN, Rao PV, Mohamad S, Hamat B, Zainal Abidin S, Seong Wei L, Ahmed Shokri A. Bioactivity and Pharmacological Potential of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Against Pandemic COVID-19: a Comprehensive Review. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:4587-4624. [PMID: 35579740 PMCID: PMC9110634 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-03952-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) or severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), transmitted from person to person, has quickly emerged as the pandemic responsible for the current global health crisis. This infection has been declared a global pandemic, resulting in a concerning number of deaths as well as complications post-infection, primarily among vulnerable groups particularly older people and those with multiple comorbidities. In this article, we review the most recent research on the role of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruits (DPFs) to prevent or treat COVID-19 infection. The mechanisms underlying this preventive or therapeutic effect are also discussed in terms of bioactivity potentials in date palm, e.g., antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and hemolytic potential, as well as prospect against COVID-19 disease and the potential product development. Therefore, it can be concluded that regular consumption of DPFs may be associated with a lower risk of some chronic diseases. Indeed, DPFs have been widely used in folk medicine since ancient times to treat a variety of health conditions, demonstrating the importance of DPFs as a nutraceutical and source of functional nourishment. This comprehensive review aims to summarize the majority of the research on DPFs in terms of nutrient content and biologically active components such as phenolic compounds, with an emphasis on their roles in improving overall health as well as the potential product development to ensure consumers' satisfaction in a current pandemic situation. In conclusion, DPFs can be given to COVID-19 patients as a safe and effective add-on medication or supplement in addition to routine treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zulhisyam Abdul Kari
- Faculty of Agro Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, 17600 Jeli, Kelantan Malaysia
| | - Mahmoud A. O. Dawood
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516 Egypt
- The Center for Applied Research On the Environment and Sustainability, The American University in Cairo, Cairo, 11835 Egypt
| | - Nik Shahman Nik Ahmad Ariff
- Razak Faculty of Technology and Informatics, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 50410 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zeti Norfidiyati Salmuna
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan Malaysia
| | - Norzila Ismail
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, George Town, Malaysia
| | - Al Hafiz Ibrahim
- Unit Perubatan Rehabilitasi, Pusat Pengajian Sains Perubatan, Universiti Sains Malaysia Kampus Kesihatan Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
| | - Kumara Thevan Krishnan
- Faculty of Agro Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, 17600 Jeli, Kelantan Malaysia
| | - Nor Fazila Che Mat
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Hisham Atan Edinur
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | | | - Aurifullah Mohammed
- Faculty of Agro Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, 17600 Jeli, Kelantan Malaysia
| | | | - Pasupuleti Visweswara Rao
- Centre for International Collaboration and Research, Reva University, Rukmini Knowledge Park, Kattigenahili, Yelahanka, Bangalore, 560064 Karnataka India
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Abdurrab University, Jl Riau Ujung No. 73, Pekanbaru, 28292 Riau Indonesia
- Department of Biomedical Science and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah Malaysia
| | - Sakinah Mohamad
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan Malaysia
| | - Basyarah Hamat
- Razak Faculty of Technology and Informatics, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 50410 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shahriman Zainal Abidin
- Design Studies, College of Creative Arts, Kompleks Ilham, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Lee Seong Wei
- Faculty of Agro Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, 17600 Jeli, Kelantan Malaysia
| | - Amran Ahmed Shokri
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan Malaysia
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30
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Bamigbade GB, Subhash AJ, Kamal-Eldin A, Nyström L, Ayyash M. An Updated Review on Prebiotics: Insights on Potentials of Food Seeds Waste as Source of Potential Prebiotics. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185947. [PMID: 36144679 PMCID: PMC9505924 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Prebiotics are a group of biological nutrients that are capable of being degraded by microflora in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), primarily Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria. When prebiotics are ingested, either as a food additive or as a supplement, the colonic microflora degrade them, producing short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), which are simultaneously released in the colon and absorbed into the blood circulatory system. The two major groups of prebiotics that have been extensively studied in relation to human health are fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) and galactooligosaccharides (GOS). The candidature of a compound to be regarded as a prebiotic is a function of how much of dietary fiber it contains. The seeds of fruits such as date palms have been reported to contain dietary fiber. An increasing awareness of the consumption of fruits and seeds as part of the daily diet, as well as poor storage systems for seeds, have generated an enormous amount of seed waste, which is traditionally discarded in landfills or incinerated. This cultural practice is hazardous to the environment because seed waste is rich in organic compounds that can produce hazardous gases. Therefore, this review discusses the potential use of seed wastes in prebiotic production, consequently reducing the environmental hazards posed by these wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gafar Babatunde Bamigbade
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al-Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Athira Jayasree Subhash
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al-Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Afaf Kamal-Eldin
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al-Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Laura Nyström
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mutamed Ayyash
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al-Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence:
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31
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Sadeghi R, Heidari F, Ebadollahi A, Chen G. Effects of High-Pressure Carbon Dioxide on the Sensory and Chemical Properties of Dried Dates and Its Toxicity against Galleria mellonella (L.) and Plodia interpunctella (Hübner). J Food Prot 2022; 85:1329-1334. [PMID: 35994608 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-22-067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The use of chemical pesticides can have many detrimental side effects, including environmental pollution, and be a threat to human health. Carbon dioxide (CO2) treatment, a relatively new method for storage pest management, can replace harmful chemicals. Dates, an important food worldwide, contains many minerals, fiber, and a variety of vitamins and are an important dried fruit export from Iran annually. Thus, control of the pests of dried dates by using eco-friendly agents that do not affect quality features are critical. In this study, larval mortality of the Indian meal moth (Plodia interpunctella (Hübner)) and the greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella (L.)), two key pests of stored products, especially dried dates, was studied after exposure to different CO2 pressures within 24 h. Mortality percentages of the third-instar larvae of both pests were increased with an increase in CO2 pressure. Sensory tests on the qualitative characteristics of the dates revealed that CO2 pressures did not affect their aroma, color, sweetness, sourness, crispness, firmness, and overall acceptance. The highest tested pressure (33.4 mol%) of CO2 also had no significant effects on the chemical properties of the date samples, including moisture content, pH, acidity, Brix value, reducing sugar, and total sugar. We conclude that atmospheric CO2 gas can provide a cost-effective and environmentally friendly method for controlling the insect pests of dried dates in addition to preserving their sensory and quality properties. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Sadeghi
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, College of Aboureihan, University of Tehran, Tehran 3391653755, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Heidari
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, College of Aboureihan, University of Tehran, Tehran 3391653755, Iran
| | - Asgar Ebadollahi
- Department of Plant Sciences, Moghan College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil 56199-36514, Iran
| | - Guangnan Chen
- Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland 4350, Australia
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Chinenye NM, James E, Jude M, Nneoma O. Thermal softening kinetics of African Black Olive fruit: Influence of temperature and water absorption on the thermal maceration dynamics and thermophysical properties. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.17021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ndukwu Macmanus Chinenye
- Department of Agricultural and Bio‐resources Engineering Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umuahia Nigeria
| | - Ehiem James
- Department of Agricultural and Bio‐resources Engineering Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umuahia Nigeria
| | - Mbanasor Jude
- Department of Agribusiness Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umuahia Nigeria
| | - Obasi Nneoma
- Department of food science and Technology Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umuahia Nigeria
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Halabi AA, Elwakil BH, Hagar M, Olama ZA. Date Fruit ( Phoenix dactylifera L.) Cultivar Extracts: Nanoparticle Synthesis, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165165. [PMID: 36014407 PMCID: PMC9415038 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The pharmaceutical research sector’s inability to produce new drugs has made it difficult to keep up with the rate at which microbial resistance is developing. Recently, nanotechnology and its combinations with natural products have been the saviors against multidrug resistant bacteria. In the present investigation, different Egyptian and Saudi date cultivars were extracted and then phytochemically analyzed and tested for possible antimicrobial activities against multidrug resistant (MDR) microbes. The results revealed that extract of the flesh of fresh “Hayany” fruit (Egyptian date) showed the highest antimicrobial activity, with high levels of phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin concentrations (538.578 µg/mL, 28.481 µg/mL, and 20.888 µg/mL, respectively) and high scavenging activity, with an IC50 reaching 10.16 µg/mL. The highest synergistic activity was found between fresh “Hayany” fruit extract and amikacin. Novel nano-fresh fruit of “Hayany” date extract was synthesized using a ball-milling technique. The vesicle size was 21.6 nm, while the PDI and zeta potential were 0.32 and +38.4 mV, respectively. The inhibition zone diameters of nano-fresh fruit of “Hayany” date extract/amikacin reached 38 mm and 34 mm, with complete microbial eradication after 9 h and 6 h, against Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. In conclusion, date fruit extract could be used as a candidate bioactive compound in the fight against infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulghani Ashraf Halabi
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21568, Egypt
| | - Bassma H. Elwakil
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Technology, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
- Correspondence:
| | - Mohamed Hagar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21568, Egypt
| | - Zakia A. Olama
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21568, Egypt
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Gul B, Khan S, Ahmad I. Extraction of phytochemicals from date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) seeds by enzymatic hydrolysis. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.17007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Banat Gul
- National University of Science and Technology (NUST) Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Shamim Khan
- Department of Physics Islamia College Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Iftikhar Ahmad
- Institute of Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine (IRNUM) Peshawar Pakistan
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35
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AlYammahi J, Hai A, Krishnamoorthy R, Arumugham T, Hasan SW, Banat F. Ultrasound-assisted extraction of highly nutritious date sugar from date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) fruit powder: Parametric optimization and kinetic modeling. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2022; 88:106107. [PMID: 35926278 PMCID: PMC9356216 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.106107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Alternative sweeteners to white sugar with a lower calorie content and glycemic index obtained through date palm fruits is of great interest to the food industry. In this study, ultrasound-assisted extraction of nutritive sugar from date fruit powder was investigated through Box-Behnken design. A maximum total sugar content (TSC) of 812 mg glucose eq./g of DFP was obtained with a sugar extraction yield (SEY) of 81.40 ± 0.27 % under the following optimal extraction conditions: extraction temperature of 60 °C, extraction time of 30 min, and L/S ratio of 7.6 mL/g. Various modern techniques were used to characterize the obtained extracts and associated residues. The results showed that the extract contained fructose, glucose, and sucrose and had good thermal stability. Furthermore, SEM and TSC analysis revealed that ultrasonic treatment of the biomass improved mass transfer diffusion due to acoustic or ultrasonic cavitation, resulting in a higher sugar yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawaher AlYammahi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science & Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdul Hai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science & Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rambabu Krishnamoorthy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science & Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Thanigaivelan Arumugham
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science & Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shadi W Hasan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science & Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fawzi Banat
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science & Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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Alvi T, Khan MKI, Maan AA, Razzaq ZU. Date fruit as a promising source of functional carbohydrates and bioactive compounds: A review on its nutraceutical potential. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14325. [PMID: 35894233 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
From the past decade, consumption of ready-to-eat food and ease of access to fast food increased the onset of several diseases. Thus, there is a need to shift the trend from consumption of unhealthy food item to natural and healthy alternatives. In this context, fruits can be considered as functional food, which have ability to provide essential nutrients and bioactive compounds. These compounds when consume in adequate amount would have the potential to lower the onset of diseases. In this regard, Phoenix dactylifera or date fruit is an important source of functional carbohydrates and bioactive compounds for their use as functional foods. The major functional carbohydrate in date fruit are in the form of dietary fiber, such as β-glucan, cellulose and fructans along with other bioactive compounds. Additionally, it is also a good source of other important nutrients such as sugars, minerals, along with minor quantities of proteins and lipids. Due to these functional compounds, date fruit have shown a wide range of pharmaceutical properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective and anticancer. This review provides latest information regarding functional and nutraceutical carbohydrates of date fruits along-with mechanism of action on different diseases reported in recent years. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: This will provide information to food industries for the development of innovative food products by using date fruit. Moreover, bioactive components from date fruit may prove to enhance global health and wellness. However, further research is needed on clinical trials for the development of functional food products by using date fruit for functional foods and pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayyaba Alvi
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kashif Iqbal Khan
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.,Department of Food Engineering, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abid Aslam Maan
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.,Department of Food Engineering, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zafar Ullah Razzaq
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Cantadori E, Brugnoli M, Centola M, Uffredi E, Colonello A, Gullo M. Date Fruits as Raw Material for Vinegar and Non-Alcoholic Fermented Beverages. Foods 2022; 11:foods11131972. [PMID: 35804787 PMCID: PMC9265875 DOI: 10.3390/foods11131972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, foods and beverages with healthy and functional properties, especially those that claim to prevent chronic diseases, are receiving more and more interest. As a result, numerous foods and beverages have been launched onto the market. Among the products with enhanced properties, vinegar and fermented beverages have a high potential for growth. Date palm fruits are a versatile raw material rich in sugars, dietary fibers, minerals, vitamins, and phenolic compounds; thus, they are widely used for food production, including date juice, jelly, butter, and fermented beverages, such as wine and vinegar. Furthermore, their composition makes them suitable for the formulation of functional foods and beverages. Microbial transformations of date juice include alcoholic fermentation for producing wine as an end-product, or as a substrate for acetic fermentation. Lactic fermentation is also documented for transforming date juice and syrup. However, in terms of acetic acid bacteria, little evidence is available on the exploitation of date juice by acetic and gluconic fermentation for producing beverages. This review provides an overview of date fruit’s composition, the related health benefits for human health, vinegar and date-based fermented non-alcoholic beverages obtained by acetic acid bacteria fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Cantadori
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (E.C.); (M.B.); (M.C.)
- Ponti SpA, 28074 Ghemme, Italy; (E.U.); (A.C.)
| | - Marcello Brugnoli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (E.C.); (M.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Marina Centola
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (E.C.); (M.B.); (M.C.)
| | | | | | - Maria Gullo
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (E.C.); (M.B.); (M.C.)
- Correspondence:
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Khatib M, Al-Tamimi A, Cecchi L, Adessi A, Innocenti M, Balli D, Mulinacci N. Phenolic compounds and polysaccharides in the date fruit (Phoenix dactylifera L.): Comparative study on five widely consumed Arabian varieties. Food Chem 2022; 395:133591. [PMID: 35780667 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The study analysed polysaccharides and phenolic compounds in widely consumed but little studied date fruits varieties such as Sukkari, Ajwa, Segae, Barrny and Khalas harvested at Tamr stage. The total phenols were in similar amount in the five varieties and ranged from 20 to 50 mg/100 g DW. The decoction and successive centrifugation made it possible to collect two main polysaccharide fractions for all the selected fruits. For each variety the first fraction was more abundant, with a lower swelling capacity and a higher amount of galacturonic acid (28.3% to 40.1%). The second fraction was only soluble in alkaline solution, with an average galacturonic acid content of only 17%. The different structure of the two polysaccharide fractions was also confirmed by the composition in neutral sugars and the degrees of methylation and acetylation. The proposed extraction procedure could be applied for larger scale extraction of the date fruit polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Khatib
- Department of Neurofarba, Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Amal Al-Tamimi
- Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lorenzo Cecchi
- Department of Neurofarba, Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandra Adessi
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, 50144, Italy
| | - Marzia Innocenti
- Department of Neurofarba, Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Diletta Balli
- Department of Neurofarba, Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Nadia Mulinacci
- Department of Neurofarba, Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
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Green Extraction of Date Palm Fruits via Ultrasonic-Assisted Approach: Optimizations and Antioxidant Enrichments. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10061049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Green extraction involves using green solvents, such as water, to reduce energy consumption, avoid health and environmental hazards and induce the quality and quantity of the extract. Date palm fruits are a vital source of food and medicinal activities, as they contain a high diversity of phytochemicals, mainly phenolic and flavonoid compounds. The main aim of this study is to investigate the use of water as a green solvent, when assisted by different ultrasonic frequencies, in the extraction of four different cultivars of date palm fruits, by evaluating the phenolic and flavonoid composition as well as the antioxidant capacity of the extract. Methods: Four date palm fruits’ cultivars (Agwa, Anbarah, Khalas, and Reziz) were extracted using conventional methods (by water and ethanol) and by ultrasonic means, using two frequencies, 28 and 40 kHz, and applying temperatures (30, 45, and 60 °C), also measuring extraction times (20, 40, 60 min.). Response surface methodology was used for the statistical analysis, applying three factors (temperature, time, and ultrasonic frequency), four responses (total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, FRAP, and ABTS), and four cultivars (categories). Results: Conventional water extraction obtained minimal phenolic and flavonoid compounds (up to 52% of ethanol extraction). This percent improved to reach 60% when heat was utilized. The application of ultrasonic frequencies significantly enhanced the extraction of phenolics/flavonoids and the antioxidant ability of the extract to nearly 90% and 80%, respectively. The use of 40 kHz ultrasonic power managed to extract more phenolic and flavonoid components; however, the antioxidant capacities of the extract were less than when the 28 kHz power was utilized. Agwa and Khalas demonstrated themselves to be the best cultivars for ultrasonic-assisted extraction, depending on the results of the optimized responses. Conclusion: This study could be implemented in the industry to produce date palm fruits’ enriched extracts with phenolic and flavonoid components and/or antioxidants.
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Allaqaband S, Dar AH, Patel U, Kumar N, Nayik GA, Khan SA, Ansari MJ, Alabdallah NM, Kumar P, Pandey VK, Kovács B, Shaikh AM. Utilization of Fruit Seed-Based Bioactive Compounds for Formulating the Nutraceuticals and Functional Food: A Review. Front Nutr 2022; 9:902554. [PMID: 35677543 PMCID: PMC9169564 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.902554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fruit seeds include a large number of bioactive substances with potential applications in the culinary and pharmaceutical industries, satisfying current demands for natural ingredients, which are generally preferred since they have fewer adverse effects than artificial components. Researchers have long been interested in the functional features, as well as the proximate and mineral compositions, of diverse fruit seeds such as tomato, apple, guava, and dates, among others. Bioactive components such as proteins (bioactive peptides), carotenoids (lycopene), polysaccharides (pectin), phytochemicals (flavonoids), and vitamins (-tocopherol) are abundant in fruit by-products and have significant health benefits, making them a viable alternative for the formulation of a wide range of food products with significant functional and nutraceutical potential. This article discusses the role and activities of bioactive chemicals found in tomato, apple, dates, and guava seeds, which can be used in a variety of food forms to cure a variety of cardiovascular and neurological disorders, as well as act as an antioxidant, anticancer, and antibacterial agent. The extraction of diverse bioactive components from by-products could pave the path for the creation of value-added products from the fruit industry, making it more commercially viable while also reducing environmental pollution caused by by-products from the fruit industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumyla Allaqaband
- Department of Food Technology, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, India
| | - Aamir Hussain Dar
- Department of Food Technology, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, India
| | - Ulpa Patel
- Department of Processing and Food Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Anand Agricultural University, Godhra, India
| | - Navneet Kumar
- Department of Processing and Food Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Anand Agricultural University, Godhra, India
| | - Gulzar Ahmad Nayik
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Govt. Degree College Shopian, Srinagar, India
| | - Shafat Ahmad Khan
- Department of Food Technology, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, India
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Botany, Hindu College Moradabad, Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University, Bareilly, India
| | - Nadiyah M. Alabdallah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Fruit and Vegetable Processing Technology, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Budapest, Hungry
| | | | - Béla Kovács
- Institute of Food Science, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Noorbakhsh H, Khorasgani MR. Date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) polysaccharides: a review on Chemical structure and nutritional properties. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01425-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Alam MZ, Ramachandran T, Antony A, Hamed F, Ayyash M, Kamal-Eldin A. Melanin is a plenteous bioactive phenolic compound in date fruits (Phoenix dactylifera L.). Sci Rep 2022; 12:6614. [PMID: 35459886 PMCID: PMC9033825 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10546-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Date palm fruits (Phoenix dactylifera L.) were found to contain high levels of allomelanin (1.2-5.1%). The melanin is localized in the tanniferous cells between the inner and outer mesocarp tissues of the fruit. The melanin, extracted with 2 M sodium hydroxide, consisted of amorphous graphene-like granular structures of irregular shape and variable size. The date fruit melanin mainly comprises carbon (64.6%) and oxygen (30.6) but no nitrogen, and was thermally stable. It has radical scavenging (63.6-75.1 IC50, µg/mL), antimicrobial (250-1000 µg/mL), hypoglycemic (51.8-58.2%), and angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitory (65.8%) effects. The high level of melanin in date fruits highlights the importance of investigating its dietary intake and its impact on nutrition. This study also suggests that date fruit melanin can be a functional ingredient in foods, food packages, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneeba Zubair Alam
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box: 15551, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tholkappiyan Ramachandran
- Department of Physics, College of Science and National Water and Energy Center United Arab, Emirates University, P.O. Box: 15551, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Asha Antony
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box: 15551, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fathalla Hamed
- Department of Physics, College of Science and National Water and Energy Center United Arab, Emirates University, P.O. Box: 15551, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mutamed Ayyash
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box: 15551, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Afaf Kamal-Eldin
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box: 15551, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.
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Allai FM, Dar BN, Gul K, Adnan M, Ashraf SA, Hassan MI, Pasupuleti VR, Azad ZRAA. Development of Protein Rich Pregelatinized Whole Grain Cereal Bar Enriched With Nontraditional Ingredient: Nutritional, Phytochemical, Textural, and Sensory Characterization. Front Nutr 2022; 9:870819. [PMID: 35464008 PMCID: PMC9024333 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.870819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed to use extrusion cooking as a pretreatment for non-conventional seeds (Indian horse chestnut flour) to blend them with whole grain flours (whole wheat flour, whole barley flour, and whole corn flour) for the development of a pregelatinized cereal bar (PCB). In this study, date paste (7.5-17.5%) and walnut grits (2.5-12.5%) were incorporated at varying levels to prepare PCB. The PCB was evaluated for its nutritional, color, textural (both three-point bending test and TPA), antioxidant activity, and sensory attributes. The flexural modulus, rupture stress, and fracture strain of PCB increased with the incorporation of a higher proportion of date paste. The protein and fiber content in PCB increased from 7.74 to 9.13% and 4.81 to 5.59% with the incorporation of walnut grits and date paste, respectively. The DPPH, total phenolic content, and water activity of PCB were determined, which progressively enhanced with increased levels of walnut grits and date paste. The correlation between sensory attributes and instrumental texture on PCB was also investigated. The correlation results showed a significant (p < 0.05) positive correlation between texture analysis and sensory hardness, springiness, adhesiveness, and negatively correlated to instrumental and sensory cohesiveness. For sensorial attributes, all PCB samples presented average scores of 7/10 and 4/5 for buying intention. Therefore, whole grain extrudates, date paste, and walnut grits can be efficiently used to develop PCB with improved nutritional, nutraceutical, and economic values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhana Mehraj Allai
- Department of Post-harvest Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
- Department of Food Technology, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, India
| | - B. N. Dar
- Department of Food Technology, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, India
| | - Khalid Gul
- Department of Food Process Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Amir Ashraf
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Visweswara Rao Pasupuleti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Abdurrab University, Pekanbaru, Indonesia
- Centre for International Collaboration and Research, Reva University, Rukmini Knowledge Park, Bangalore, India
| | - Z. R. A. A. Azad
- Department of Post-harvest Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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44
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From waste to a sustainable ingredient: Date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) pits incorporation enhances the physicochemical and sensory properties of Algerian date syrups. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Toro SJH, Gómez-Narváez F, Contreras-Calderón J, Arisseto AP. Acrylamide in sugar products. Curr Opin Food Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2022.100841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Flowers JM, Hazzouri KM, Lemansour A, Capote T, Gros-Balthazard M, Ferrand S, Lebrun M, Amiri KMA, Purugganan MD. Patterns of Volatile Diversity Yield Insights Into the Genetics and Biochemistry of the Date Palm Fruit Volatilome. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:853651. [PMID: 35371149 PMCID: PMC8964304 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.853651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds are key components of the fruit metabolome that contribute to traits such as aroma and taste. Here we report on the diversity of 90 flavor-related fruit traits in date palms (Phoenix dactylifera L.) including 80 volatile organic compounds, which collectively represent the fruit volatilome, as well as 6 organic acids, and 4 sugars in tree-ripened fruits. We characterize these traits in 148 date palms representing 135 varieties using headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography. We discovered new volatile compounds unknown in date palm including 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, an attractant of the red palm weevil (Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier), a key pest that threatens the date palm crop. Associations between volatile composition and sugar and moisture content suggest that differences among fruits in these traits may be characterized by system-wide differences in fruit metabolism. Correlations between volatiles indicate medium chain and long chain fatty acid ester volatiles are regulated independently, possibly reflecting differences in the biochemistry of fatty acid precursors. Finally, we took advantage of date palm clones in our analysis to estimate broad-sense heritabilities of volatiles and demonstrate that at least some of volatile diversity has a genetic basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M. Flowers
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khaled M. Hazzouri
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alain Lemansour
- Date Palm Research and Development Unit, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tiago Capote
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muriel Gros-Balthazard
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sylvie Ferrand
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Marc Lebrun
- CIRAD, UMR Qualisud, Montpellier, France
- Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de La Réunion, Montpellier, France
| | - Khaled M. A. Amiri
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biology, College of Science, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Michael D. Purugganan
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York, NY, United States
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Toxicity Studies on Essential Oil from Phoenix dactylifera (L.) Seed in Wistar Rats. Biologics 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/biologics2010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the toxicological effect of oral administration of Phoenix dactylifera seed essential oil (PDEO) in Wistar rats. PDEO was extracted through a steam-distillation technique. Acute toxicity study evaluated administration of a single dose of the oil in a group (n = 5) of rats followed by 24 h observation, for sub-acute toxicity evaluation, the animals were randomly divided into five groups (n = 3). Group 1 to 4 rats, respectively, received 62.5, 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg bw of PDEO for fourteen days, while the fifth group served as control. At the termination of the study, blood samples were obtained for biochemical and hematological analyses, while vital organs were histopathologically examined. Results from this study revealed no mortality or abnormal behavioral changes in the animals. A dose-related increase in bodyweight and hematological parameters was observed across the treated groups (p < 0.05). At a dosage of 500 mg/kg bw, PDEO caused slight elevation in biochemical marker levels and mild changes in histological architecture of liver and kidney of the test rats. This study revealed that PDEO exhibited significant hematopoietic attributes with no adverse effect on the experimental rats’ vital organs at concentrations below 500 mg/kg bw.
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Dehydration of date fruit (Pheonix dactylifera L.) for the production of natural sweet powder. NFS JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nfs.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Albab LU, Claudya TI, Oktafianti R, Salsabila N, Putri RD, Saragih HTSSG. Growth performance, morphometric of the small intestine, lymphoid organ, and ovary of laying hens supplemented with Dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.) extract in drinking water. Vet World 2022; 15:350-359. [PMID: 35400969 PMCID: PMC8980375 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.350-359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Antibiotic, improves the growth performance of laying hens when used as a feed additive; however, it has been banned in Europe. Furthermore, secondary metabolites used as a substitute for antibiotics are compounds produced by plants. Therefore, this aims to determine the effect of dates water extract (DWE) on the performance of laying hens. This study used dates containing secondary metabolites as a feed additive and substitute for antibiotics. Materials and Methods: A completely randomized design was used, dividing 400 Lohmann brown day old chick into five groups (each group has five replications and each replication consisted of 16 laying hens). Furthermore, there were two control groups such as mineral water control group and antibiotic growth promoters (basal feed+50 mg/kg of bacitracin), and three DWE groups such as 5% DWE (50 mg/mL), 10% DWE (100 mg/mL), and 20% DWE (200 mg/mL). Dates extract treatment was administered through drinking water for 54 days, whereby three laying hens from each replication were taken randomly and decapitated on the neck. Afterwards, a necropsy was performed for histological preparations of the small intestine, ovary, and lymphoid organs. The structure and morphology of the small intestine, and ovaries were observed through histological preparations, while lymphoid organs were observed through histological preparation and morphometry, and body morphometry, body weight, feed intake and weight gain were observed by measurements and weighing. Results: Small intestine morphology, ovarian follicle, and growth performance of the DWE2 group increased significantly compared to the control group, but the lymphoid organs index was influenced by DWE1. Conclusion: The administration of 10% dates extract (100 mg/mL) in drinking water improves the morphology of the small intestine, ovarian follicles, lymphoid organs, and growth performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. U. Albab
- Post Graduate Program of Biology, Department of Tropical Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - T. I. Claudya
- Post Graduate Program of Biology, Department of Tropical Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - R. Oktafianti
- Graduate Program of Biology, Department of Tropical Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - N. Salsabila
- Graduate Program of Biology, Department of Tropical Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - R. D. Putri
- Graduate Program of Biology, Department of Tropical Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - H. T. S. S. G. Saragih
- Laboratory of Animal Development Structure, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara, Mlati, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
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Natural sweeteners: Sources, extraction and current uses in foods and food industries. Food Chem 2022; 370:130991. [PMID: 34509947 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Food producers have leaned towards alternative natural and synthetic sweeteners in food formulations to satisfy market demands. Even so, several synthetic sweeteners (e.g., aspartame, saccharin, sucralose) are becoming less popular due to health-related concerns, lower nutritional values, and controversies around their safety. Conversely, natural sweeteners confer favourable customer perceptions due to their association to a healthier lifestyle and higher nutritional values. This article discusses the evidence of natural sweeteners in the available commercial products. A comprehensive review of natural sweeteners is presented, which includes their resources, properties and extraction methods, as well as a discussion on several emerging technologies that offer improvements to the traditional extraction methods. Finally, the progress of natural sweeteners in the food industry is assessed, and the commercial food products containing these natural sweeteners are mentioned.
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