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Corvino A, Scognamiglio A, Fiorino F, Perissutti E, Santagada V, Caliendo G, Severino B. Pills of Multi-Target H 2S Donating Molecules for Complex Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7014. [PMID: 39000122 PMCID: PMC11240940 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Among the various drug discovery methods, a very promising modern approach consists in designing multi-target-directed ligands (MTDLs) able to modulate multiple targets of interest, including the pathways where hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is involved. By incorporating an H2S donor moiety into a native drug, researchers have been able to simultaneously target multiple therapeutic pathways, resulting in improved treatment outcomes. This review gives the reader some pills of successful multi-target H2S-donating molecules as worthwhile tools to combat the multifactorial nature of complex disorders, such as inflammatory-based diseases and cancer, as well as cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Corvino
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (A.S.); (F.F.); (E.P.); (V.S.); (G.C.); (B.S.)
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Slade L, Deane CS, Szewczyk NJ, Etheridge T, Whiteman M. Hydrogen sulfide supplementation as a potential treatment for primary mitochondrial diseases. Pharmacol Res 2024; 203:107180. [PMID: 38599468 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Primary mitochondrial diseases (PMD) are amongst the most common inborn errors of metabolism causing fatal outcomes within the first decade of life. With marked heterogeneity in both inheritance patterns and physiological manifestations, these conditions present distinct challenges for targeted drug therapy, where effective therapeutic countermeasures remain elusive within the clinic. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S)-based therapeutics may offer a new option for patient treatment, having been proposed as a conserved mitochondrial substrate and post-translational regulator across species, displaying therapeutic effects in age-related mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegenerative models of mitochondrial disease. H2S can stimulate mitochondrial respiration at sites downstream of common PMD-defective subunits, augmenting energy production, mitochondrial function and reducing cell death. Here, we highlight the primary signalling mechanisms of H2S in mitochondria relevant for PMD and outline key cytoprotective proteins/pathways amenable to post-translational restoration via H2S-mediated persulfidation. The mechanisms proposed here, combined with the advent of potent mitochondria-targeted sulfide delivery molecules, could provide a framework for H2S as a countermeasure for PMD disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Slade
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, St. Luke's Campus, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK; Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Colleen S Deane
- Human Development & Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Nathaniel J Szewczyk
- Medical Research Council Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Royal Derby Hospital, University of Nottingham, Derby DE22 3DT, United Kingdom; Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurologic Institute, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, Greece
| | - Timothy Etheridge
- Public Health and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2LU, United Kingdom.
| | - Matthew Whiteman
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, St. Luke's Campus, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK.
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Ichinose F, Hindle A. Sulfide catabolism in hibernation and neuroprotection. Nitric Oxide 2024; 146:19-23. [PMID: 38521487 PMCID: PMC11055667 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
The mammalian brain is exquisitely vulnerable to lack of oxygen. However, the mechanism underlying the brain's sensitivity to hypoxia is incompletely understood. In this narrative review, we present a case for sulfide catabolism as a key defense mechanism of the brain against acute oxygen shortage. We will examine literature on the role of sulfide in hypoxia/ischemia, deep hibernation, and leigh syndrome patients, and present our recent data that support the neuroprotective effects of sulfide catabolism and persulfide production. When oxygen levels become low, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) accumulates in brain cells and impairs the ability of these cells to use the remaining, available oxygen to produce energy. In recent studies, we found that hibernating ground squirrels, which can withstand very low levels of oxygen, have high levels of sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase (SQOR) and the capacity to catabolize hydrogen sulfide in the brain. Silencing SQOR increased the sensitivity of the brain of squirrels and mice to hypoxia, whereas neuron-specific SQOR expression prevented hypoxia-induced sulfide accumulation, bioenergetic failure, and ischemic brain injury in mice. Excluding SQOR from mitochondria increased sensitivity to hypoxia not only in the brain but also in heart and liver. Pharmacological agents that scavenge sulfide and/or increase persulfide maintained mitochondrial respiration in hypoxic neurons and made mice resistant to ischemic injury to the brain or spinal cord. Drugs that oxidize hydrogen sulfide and/or increase persulfide may prove to be an effective approach to the treatment of patients experiencing brain injury caused by oxygen deprivation or mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumito Ichinose
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Allyson Hindle
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
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Griffiths KK, Wang A, Jonas EA, Levy RJ. Sulfide quinone oxidoreductase contributes to voltage sensing of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23494. [PMID: 38376922 PMCID: PMC11082757 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301280r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Pathological opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) is implicated in the pathogenesis of many disease processes such as myocardial ischemia, traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer's disease, and diabetes. While we have gained insight into mPTP biology over the last several decades, the lack of translation of this knowledge into successful clinical therapies underscores the need for continued investigation and use of different approaches to identify novel regulators of the mPTP with the hope of elucidating new therapeutic targets. Although the mPTP is known to be a voltage-gated channel, the identity of its voltage sensor remains unknown. Here we found decreased gating potential of the mPTP and increased expression and activity of sulfide quinone oxidoreductase (SQOR) in newborn Fragile X syndrome (FXS) mouse heart mitochondria, a model system of coenzyme Q excess and relatively decreased mPTP open probability. We further found that pharmacological inhibition and genetic silencing of SQOR increased mPTP open probability in vitro in adult murine cardiac mitochondria and in the isolated-perfused heart, likely by interfering with voltage sensing. Thus, SQOR is proposed to contribute to voltage sensing by the mPTP and may be a component of the voltage sensing apparatus that modulates the gating potential of the mPTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keren K. Griffiths
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Medical Center, NY, USA 10032
| | - Aili Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Medical Center, NY, USA 10032
| | - Elizabeth A. Jonas
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Richard J. Levy
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Medical Center, NY, USA 10032
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Skórkowska A, Krzyżanowska W, Bystrowska B, Torregrossa R, Whiteman M, Pomierny B, Budziszewska B. The Hydrogen Sulfide Donor AP39 Reduces Glutamate-mediated Excitotoxicity in a Rat Model of Brain Ischemia. Neuroscience 2024; 539:86-102. [PMID: 37993086 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
The vast majority of stroke cases are classified as ischemic stroke, but effective pharmacotherapy strategies to treat brain infarction are still limited. Glutamate, which is a primary mediator of excitotoxicity, contributes to neuronal damage in numerous pathologies, including ischemia. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the hydrogen sulfide donor AP39 on excitotoxicity. AP39 was administered as a single dose of 100 nmol/kg b.w. i.v. 10 min after the restoration of blood flow and 100 min after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Neurological deficits by Phillips's score, and infarct volume by TTC staining were evaluated (n = 8). LC-MS was used to determine the extracellular glutamate concentration in microdialysates collected intrasurgically and from freely moving animals 24 h and 3 days after reperfusion (n = 6). The expression of proteins involved in the regulation of glutamatergic transmission was investigated 24 h after reperfusion by Western-blot analysis (n = 6). The results were verified by double-immunostaining of brain cryosections (n = 6). The results showed a significant longitudinal decrease in extracellular glutamate concentrations in the motor cortex and hippocampus in MCAO + AP39 rats compared to MCAO rats. Moreover, the administration of AP39 increased the content of the GLT-1 transporter and reduced the content of VGLUT1 in the ischemic core. Upregulation of the GLT-1 transporter responsible for glutamate reuptake from the synaptic cleft, and downregulation of VGLUT1, which regulates glutamate transport to synaptic vesicles, indicate that these are important mechanisms by which AP39 reduces extracellular glutamate concentrations and, consequently, excitotoxicity after ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Skórkowska
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Toxicological Biochemistry, Chair of Toxicology, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Weronika Krzyżanowska
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Toxicological Biochemistry, Chair of Toxicology, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Beata Bystrowska
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Toxicological Biochemistry, Chair of Toxicology, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Roberta Torregrossa
- St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter Medical School, EX1 2LU Exeter, United Kingdom.
| | - Matthew Whiteman
- St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter Medical School, EX1 2LU Exeter, United Kingdom.
| | - Bartosz Pomierny
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Toxicological Biochemistry, Chair of Toxicology, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Bogusława Budziszewska
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Toxicological Biochemistry, Chair of Toxicology, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
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Ali R, Sen S, Hameed R, Nazir A, Verma S. Strategies for gaseous neuromodulator release in chemical neuroscience: Experimental approaches and translational validation. J Control Release 2024; 365:132-160. [PMID: 37972768 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Gasotransmitters are a group of short-lived gaseous signaling molecules displaying diverse biological functions depending upon their localized concentration. Nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and carbon monoxide (CO) are three important examples of endogenously produced gasotransmitters that play a crucial role in human neurophysiology and pathogenesis. Alterations in their optimal physiological concentrations can lead to various severe pathophysiological consequences, including neurological disorders. Exogenous administration of gasotransmitters has emerged as a prominent therapeutic approach for treating such neurological diseases. However, their gaseous nature and short half-life limit their therapeutic delivery. Therefore, developing synthetic gasotransmitter-releasing strategies having control over the release and duration of these gaseous molecules has become imperative. However, the complex chemistry of synthesis and the challenges of specific quantified delivery of these gases, make their therapeutic application a challenging task. This review article provides a focused overview of emerging strategies for delivering gasotransmitters in a controlled and sustained manner to re-establish neurophysiological homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafat Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India
| | - Shantanu Sen
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India
| | - Rohil Hameed
- Division of Neuroscience and Ageing Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, UP, India
| | - Aamir Nazir
- Division of Neuroscience and Ageing Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, UP, India.
| | - Sandeep Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India; Center for Nanoscience, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India; Mehta Family Center for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India.
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Marwah MK, Manhoosh B, Shokr H, Al Tahan MA, Stewart R, Iqbal M, Sanchez LD, Abdullah S, Ahmad S, Wang K, Rana KS, Sanchez-Aranguren L. Transdermal delivery of mitochondrial-targeted hydrogen sulphide donor, AP39 protects against 6-hydroxydopamine-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 191:166-174. [PMID: 37673316 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) is an important gaseous signalling molecule with emerging roles as a neuroprotectant. The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of transdermal delivery of mitochondrial-targeted H2S donor, AP39 whilst investigating the ability of permeated AP39 on abrogating 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OH-dop)-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, as a model of Parkinson's disease, established in human neuroblastoma cells, SHSY-5Y. Aqueous hypromellose gels (5% w/v) were prepared with up to 10% v/v propylene glycol (PG) with 0.002% w/w AP39. AP39 permeation from formulations across excised murine skin into PBS was quantified over 24 h using HPLC-UV detection. Media was collected and applied to a microvasculature blood-brain-barrier (BBB) model to evidence AP39 permeability. Following, the permeate was applied to neuroblastoma cells SHSY-5Y to evidence its therapeutic potential in modulating the mitochondrial bioenergetics and antioxidant in response to 6-OH-dop-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. The presence of PG in gel formulations significantly increased the cumulative amount of AP39 permeated across murine skin over 24 h from 24.40 ± 2.39 % to 48.59 ± 2.93 %. Conditioned media applied to a microvasculature BBB model observed AP39 permeation across the barrier and H2S release. Finally, permeated AP39 enhanced parameters of mitochondrial bioenergetics in SHSY-5Y exposed to 6-OH-dop. Moreover, permeated AP39 abrogated mitochondrial-specific reactive oxygen species generation induced by 6-OH-dop. These findings demonstrate transdermal delivery of AP39 may provide a promising alternative to deliver this mitochondrial-targeted H2S donor and this approach allows the potential to cross the BBB reaching CNS organs in the treatment of neurodegenerative conditions such as Parkinson's disease. Moreover, our observations show that gels prepared with 10% v/v PG have the potential for use in conditions requiring rapid H2S delivery whereas gels without PG have potential for therapy requiring sustained H2S delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandeep Kaur Marwah
- Aston Medical School, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, UK.
| | - Bahareh Manhoosh
- Aston Medical School, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, UK
| | - Hala Shokr
- Pharmacy Division, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, UK
| | | | - Roderick Stewart
- Quest Healthcare, Birmingham, UK; Aston Pharmacy School, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, UK
| | - Mohammed Iqbal
- School of Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, UK
| | - Lorena Diaz Sanchez
- Aston Medical School, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, UK
| | - Sewa Abdullah
- Aston Medical School, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, UK
| | - Shakil Ahmad
- Aston Medical School, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, UK
| | - Keqing Wang
- Aston Medical School, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, UK
| | - Karan Singh Rana
- School of Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, UK
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Testai L, Montanaro R, Flori L, Pagnotta E, Vellecco V, Gorica E, Ugolini L, Righetti L, Brancaleone V, Bucci M, Piragine E, Martelli A, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Ghelardini C, Calderone V. Persulfidation of mitoKv7.4 channels contributes to the cardioprotective effects of the H 2S-donor Erucin against ischemia/reperfusion injury. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 215:115728. [PMID: 37524208 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gasotransmitter deeply involved in cardiovascular homeostasis and implicated in the myocardial protection against ischemia/reperfusion. The post-translational persulfidation of cysteine residues has been identified as the mechanism through which H2S regulates a plethora of biological targets. Erucin (ERU) is an isothiocyanate produced upon hydrolysis of the glucosinolate glucoerucin, presents in edible plants of Brassicaceae family, such as Eruca sativa Mill., and it has emerged as a slow and long-lasting H2S-donor. AIM In this study the cardioprotective profile of ERU has been investigated and the action mechanism explored, focusing on the possible role of the recently identified mitochondrial Kv7.4 (mitoKv7.4) potassium channels. RESULTS Interestingly, ERU showed to release H2S and concentration-dependently protected H9c2 cells against H2O2-induced oxidative damage. Moreover, in in vivo model of myocardial infarct ERU showed protective effects, reducing the extension of ischemic area, the levels of troponin I and increasing the amount of total AnxA1, as well as co-related inflammatory outcomes. Conversely, the pre-treatment with XE991, a blocker of Kv7.4 channels, abolished them. In isolated cardiac mitochondria ERU exhibited the typical profile of a mitochondrial potassium channels opener, in particular, this isothiocyanate produced a mild depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential, a reduction of calcium accumulation into the matrix and finally a flow of potassium ions. Finally, mitoKv7.4 channels were persulfidated in ERU-treated mitochondria. CONCLUSIONS ERU modulates the cardiac mitoKv7.4 channels and this mechanism may be relevant for cardioprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Testai
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56120-Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Centre of Ageing Biology and Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | - R Montanaro
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - L Flori
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56120-Pisa, Italy
| | - E Pagnotta
- CREA-Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, via di Corticella 133, 40128 Bologna, Italy
| | - V Vellecco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - E Gorica
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56120-Pisa, Italy
| | - L Ugolini
- CREA-Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, via di Corticella 133, 40128 Bologna, Italy
| | - L Righetti
- CREA-Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, via di Corticella 133, 40128 Bologna, Italy
| | - V Brancaleone
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - M Bucci
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - E Piragine
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56120-Pisa, Italy
| | - A Martelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56120-Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Centre of Ageing Biology and Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - L Di Cesare Mannelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - C Ghelardini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - V Calderone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56120-Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Centre of Ageing Biology and Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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H2S Donors with Cytoprotective Effects in Models of MI/R Injury and Chemotherapy-Induced Cardiotoxicity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030650. [PMID: 36978898 PMCID: PMC10045576 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an endogenous signaling molecule that greatly influences several important (patho)physiological processes related to cardiovascular health and disease, including vasodilation, angiogenesis, inflammation, and cellular redox homeostasis. Consequently, H2S supplementation is an emerging area of interest, especially for the treatment of cardiovascular-related diseases. To fully unlock the medicinal properties of hydrogen sulfide, however, the development and refinement of H2S releasing compounds (or donors) are required to augment its bioavailability and to better mimic its natural enzymatic production. Categorizing donors by the biological stimulus that triggers their H2S release, this review highlights the fundamental chemistry and releasing mechanisms of a range of H2S donors that have exhibited promising protective effects in models of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) injury and cancer chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity, specifically. Thus, in addition to serving as important investigative tools that further advance our knowledge and understanding of H2S chemical biology, the compounds highlighted in this review have the potential to serve as vital therapeutic agents for the treatment (or prevention) of various cardiomyopathies.
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AP39, a Mitochondrial-Targeted H2S Donor, Improves Porcine Islet Survival in Culture. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11185385. [PMID: 36143032 PMCID: PMC9504761 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11185385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid deterioration of transplanted islets in culture is a well-established phenomenon. We recently reported that pancreas preservation with AP39 reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and improves islet graft function. In this study, we investigated whether the addition of AP39 to the culture medium could reduce isolated islet deterioration and improve islet function. Isolated islets from porcine pancreata were cultured with 400 nM AP39 or without AP39 at 37 °C. After culturing for 6–72 h, the islet equivalents of porcine islets in the AP39(+) group were significantly higher than those in the AP39(−) group. The islets in the AP39(+) group exhibited significantly decreased levels of ROS production compared to the islets in the AP39(−) group. The islets in the AP39(+) group exhibited significantly increased mitochondrial membrane potential compared to the islets in the AP39(−) group. A marginal number (1500 IEs) of cultured islets from each group was then transplanted into streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Culturing isolated islets with AP39 improved islet transplantation outcomes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. The addition of AP39 in culture medium reduces islet deterioration and furthers the advancements in β-cell replacement therapy.
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11
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Inhaled nitric oxide improves post-cardiac arrest outcomes via guanylate cyclase-1 in bone marrow-derived cells. Nitric Oxide 2022; 125-126:47-56. [PMID: 35716999 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Nitric oxide (NO) exerts its biological effects primarily via activation of guanylate cyclase (GC) and production of cyclic guanosine monophosphate. Inhaled NO improves outcomes after cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). However, mechanisms of the protective effects of breathing NO after cardiac arrest are incompletely understood. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the mechanisms of beneficial effects of inhaled NO on outcomes after cardiac arrest. METHODS Adult male C57BL/6J wild-type (WT) mice, GC-1 knockout mice, and chimeric WT mice with WT or GC-1 knockout bone marrow were subjected to 8 min of potassium-induced cardiac arrest to determine the role of GC-1 in bone marrow-derived cells. Mice breathed air or 40 parts per million NO for 23 h starting at 1 h after CPR. RESULTS Breathing NO after CPR prevented hypercoagulability, cerebral microvascular occlusion, an increase in circulating polymorphonuclear neutrophils and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and right ventricular dysfunction in WT mice, but not in GC-1 knockout mice, after cardiac arrest. The lack of GC-1 in bone marrow-derived cells diminished the beneficial effects of NO breathing after CPR. CONCLUSIONS GC-dependent signaling in bone marrow-derived cells is essential for the beneficial effects of inhaled NO after cardiac arrest and CPR.
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Lohakul J, Jeayeng S, Chaiprasongsuk A, Torregrossa R, Wood ME, Saelim M, Thangboonjit W, Whiteman M, Panich U. Mitochondria-Targeted Hydrogen Sulfide Delivery Molecules Protect Against UVA-Induced Photoaging in Human Dermal Fibroblasts, and in Mouse Skin In Vivo. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 36:1268-1288. [PMID: 34235951 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aims: Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction play a role in the process of skin photoaging via activation of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) and the subsequent degradation of collagen. The activation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a transcription factor controlling antioxidant and cytoprotective defense systems, might offer a pharmacological approach to prevent skin photoaging. We therefore investigated a pharmacological approach to prevent skin photoaging, and also investigated a protective effect of the novel mitochondria-targeted hydrogen sulfide (H2S) delivery molecules AP39 and AP123, and nontargeted control molecules, on ultraviolet A light (UVA)-induced photoaging in normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs) in vitro and the skin of BALB/c mice in vivo. Results: In NHDFs, AP39 and AP123 (50-200 nM) but not nontargeted controls suppressed UVA (8 J/cm2)-mediated cytotoxicity and induction of MMP-1 activity, preserved cellular bioenergetics, and increased the expression of collagen and nuclear levels of Nrf2. In in vivo experiments, topical application of AP39 or AP123 (0.3-1 μM/cm2; but not nontargeted control molecules) to mouse skin before UVA (60 J/cm2) irradiation prevented skin thickening, MMP induction, collagen loss of oxidative stress markers 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), increased Nrf2-dependent signaling, as well as increased manganese superoxide dismutase levels and levels of the mitochondrial biogenesis marker peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator (PGC-1α). Innovation and Conclusion: Targeting H2S delivery to mitochondria may represent a novel approach for the prevention and treatment of skin photoaging, as well as being useful tools for determining the role of mitochondrial H2S in skin disorders and aging. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 36, 1268-1288.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinapath Lohakul
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Saowanee Jeayeng
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Anyamanee Chaiprasongsuk
- Faculty of Medicine and Public Health, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Mark E Wood
- University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Malinee Saelim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Weerawon Thangboonjit
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Uraiwan Panich
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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13
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Cirino G, Szabo C, Papapetropoulos A. Physiological roles of hydrogen sulfide in mammalian cells, tissues and organs. Physiol Rev 2022; 103:31-276. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00028.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
H2S belongs to the class of molecules known as gasotransmitters, which also includes nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO). Three enzymes are recognized as endogenous sources of H2S in various cells and tissues: cystathionine g-lyase (CSE), cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST). The current article reviews the regulation of these enzymes as well as the pathways of their enzymatic and non-enzymatic degradation and elimination. The multiple interactions of H2S with other labile endogenous molecules (e.g. NO) and reactive oxygen species are also outlined. The various biological targets and signaling pathways are discussed, with special reference to H2S and oxidative posttranscriptional modification of proteins, the effect of H2S on channels and intracellular second messenger pathways, the regulation of gene transcription and translation and the regulation of cellular bioenergetics and metabolism. The pharmacological and molecular tools currently available to study H2S physiology are also reviewed, including their utility and limitations. In subsequent sections, the role of H2S in the regulation of various physiological and cellular functions is reviewed. The physiological role of H2S in various cell types and organ systems are overviewed. Finally, the role of H2S in the regulation of various organ functions is discussed as well as the characteristic bell-shaped biphasic effects of H2S. In addition, key pathophysiological aspects, debated areas, and future research and translational areas are identified A wide array of significant roles of H2S in the physiological regulation of all organ functions emerges from this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Cirino
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Papapetropoulos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece & Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Greece
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14
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Kaziród K, Myszka M, Dulak J, Łoboda A. Hydrogen sulfide as a therapeutic option for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy and other muscle-related diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:608. [PMID: 36441348 PMCID: PMC9705465 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04636-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been known for years as a poisoning gas and until recently evoked mostly negative associations. However, the discovery of its gasotransmitter functions suggested its contribution to various physiological and pathological processes. Although H2S has been found to exert cytoprotective effects through modulation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and pro-angiogenic responses in a variety of conditions, its role in the pathophysiology of skeletal muscles has not been broadly elucidated so far. The classical example of muscle-related disorders is Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), the most common and severe type of muscular dystrophy. Mutations in the DMD gene that encodes dystrophin, a cytoskeletal protein that protects muscle fibers from contraction-induced damage, lead to prominent dysfunctions in the structure and functions of the skeletal muscle. However, the main cause of death is associated with cardiorespiratory failure, and DMD remains an incurable disease. Taking into account a wide range of physiological functions of H2S and recent literature data on its possible protective role in DMD, we focused on the description of the 'old' and 'new' functions of H2S, especially in muscle pathophysiology. Although the number of studies showing its essential regulatory action in dystrophic muscles is still limited, we propose that H2S-based therapy has the potential to attenuate the progression of DMD and other muscle-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kaziród
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Myszka
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Józef Dulak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Łoboda
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
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15
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Magli E, Perissutti E, Santagada V, Caliendo G, Corvino A, Esposito G, Esposito G, Fiorino F, Migliaccio M, Scognamiglio A, Severino B, Sparaco R, Frecentese F. H 2S Donors and Their Use in Medicinal Chemistry. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1899. [PMID: 34944543 PMCID: PMC8699746 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a ubiquitous gaseous signaling molecule that has an important role in many physiological and pathological processes in mammalian tissues, with the same importance as two others endogenous gasotransmitters such as NO (nitric oxide) and CO (carbon monoxide). Endogenous H2S is involved in a broad gamut of processes in mammalian tissues including inflammation, vascular tone, hypertension, gastric mucosal integrity, neuromodulation, and defense mechanisms against viral infections as well as SARS-CoV-2 infection. These results suggest that the modulation of H2S levels has a potential therapeutic value. Consequently, synthetic H2S-releasing agents represent not only important research tools, but also potent therapeutic agents. This review has been designed in order to summarize the currently available H2S donors; furthermore, herein we discuss their preparation, the H2S-releasing mechanisms, and their -biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Francesco Frecentese
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (E.M.); (E.P.); (V.S.); (G.C.); (A.C.); (G.E.); (G.E.); (F.F.); (M.M.); (A.S.); (B.S.); (R.S.)
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16
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Allen CL, Wolanska K, Malhi NK, Benest AV, Wood ME, Amoaku W, Torregrossa R, Whiteman M, Bates DO, Whatmore JL. Hydrogen Sulfide Is a Novel Protector of the Retinal Glycocalyx and Endothelial Permeability Barrier. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:724905. [PMID: 34557493 PMCID: PMC8452977 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.724905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Significantly reduced levels of the anti-inflammatory gaseous transmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are observed in diabetic patients and correlate with microvascular dysfunction. H2S may protect the microvasculature by preventing loss of the endothelial glycocalyx. We tested the hypothesis that H2S could prevent or treat retinal microvascular endothelial dysfunction in diabetes. Bovine retinal endothelial cells (BRECs) were exposed to normal (NG, 5.5 mmol/L) or high glucose (HG, 25 mmol/L) ± the slow-release H2S donor NaGYY4137 in vitro. Glycocalyx coverage (stained with WGA-FITC) and calcein-labeled monocyte adherence were measured. In vivo, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) was performed in normal and streptozotocin-induced (STZ) diabetic rats. Animals received intraocular injection of NaGYY4137 (1 μM) or the mitochondrial-targeted H2S donor AP39 (100 nM) simultaneously with STZ (prevention) or on day 6 after STZ (treatment), and the ratio of interstitial to vascular fluorescence was used to estimate apparent permeability. NaGYY4137 prevented HG-induced loss of BREC glycocalyx, increased monocyte binding to BRECs (p ≤ 0.001), and increased overall glycocalyx coverage (p ≤ 0.001). In rats, the STZ-induced increase in apparent retinal vascular permeability (p ≤ 0.01) was significantly prevented by pre-treatment with NaGYY4137 and AP39 (p < 0.05) and stabilized by their post-STZ administration. NaGYY4137 also reduced the number of acellular capillaries (collagen IV + /IB4-) in the diabetic retina in both groups (p ≤ 0.05). We conclude that NaGYY4137 and AP39 protected the retinal glycocalyx and endothelial permeability barrier from diabetes-associated loss of integrity and reduced the progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Hydrogen sulfide donors that target the glycocalyx may therefore be a therapeutic candidate for DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire L Allen
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Katarzyna Wolanska
- The Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Naseeb K Malhi
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew V Benest
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mark E Wood
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Winfried Amoaku
- Academic Ophthalmology, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Roberta Torregrossa
- The Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Whiteman
- The Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - David O Bates
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jacqueline L Whatmore
- The Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
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17
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Nishime K, Miyagi-Shiohira C, Kuwae K, Tamaki Y, Yonaha T, Sakai-Yonaha M, Saitoh I, Watanabe M, Noguchi H. Preservation of pancreas in the University of Wisconsin solution supplemented with AP39 reduces reactive oxygen species production and improves islet graft function. Am J Transplant 2021; 21:2698-2708. [PMID: 33210816 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.16401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) results in increased rates of delayed graft function and early graft loss. It has recently been reported that hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) protects organ grafts against prolonged IRI. Here, we investigated whether the preservation of pancreas in University of Wisconsin (UW) solution supplemented with AP39, which is a mitochondrial-targeted H2 S donor, protected pancreatic islets against IRI and improved islet function. Porcine pancreata were preserved in the UW solution with AP39 (UW + AP39) or the vehicle (UW) for 18 h, followed by islet isolation. The islet yields before and after purification were significantly higher in the UW + AP39 group than in the UW group. The islets isolated from the pancreas preserved in UW + AP39 exhibited significantly decreased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and a significantly increased mitochondrial membrane potential as compared to the islets isolated from the pancreas preserved in the vehicle. We found that the pancreas preserved in UW + AP39 improved the outcome of islet transplantation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. These results suggest that the preservation of pancreas in UW + AP39 protects the islet grafts against IRI and could thus serve as a novel clinical strategy for improving islet transplantation outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Nishime
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Chika Miyagi-Shiohira
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Kazuho Kuwae
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Tamaki
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Tasuku Yonaha
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Mayuko Sakai-Yonaha
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Issei Saitoh
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masami Watanabe
- Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Noguchi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
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18
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Marutani E, Morita M, Hirai S, Kai S, Grange RMH, Miyazaki Y, Nagashima F, Traeger L, Magliocca A, Ida T, Matsunaga T, Flicker DR, Corman B, Mori N, Yamazaki Y, Batten A, Li R, Tanaka T, Ikeda T, Nakagawa A, Atochin DN, Ihara H, Olenchock BA, Shen X, Nishida M, Hanaoka K, Kevil CG, Xian M, Bloch DB, Akaike T, Hindle AG, Motohashi H, Ichinose F. Sulfide catabolism ameliorates hypoxic brain injury. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3108. [PMID: 34035265 PMCID: PMC8149856 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23363-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian brain is highly vulnerable to oxygen deprivation, yet the mechanism underlying the brain's sensitivity to hypoxia is incompletely understood. Hypoxia induces accumulation of hydrogen sulfide, a gas that inhibits mitochondrial respiration. Here, we show that, in mice, rats, and naturally hypoxia-tolerant ground squirrels, the sensitivity of the brain to hypoxia is inversely related to the levels of sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase (SQOR) and the capacity to catabolize sulfide. Silencing SQOR increased the sensitivity of the brain to hypoxia, whereas neuron-specific SQOR expression prevented hypoxia-induced sulfide accumulation, bioenergetic failure, and ischemic brain injury. Excluding SQOR from mitochondria increased sensitivity to hypoxia not only in the brain but also in heart and liver. Pharmacological scavenging of sulfide maintained mitochondrial respiration in hypoxic neurons and made mice resistant to hypoxia. These results illuminate the critical role of sulfide catabolism in energy homeostasis during hypoxia and identify a therapeutic target for ischemic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eizo Marutani
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Masanobu Morita
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shuichi Hirai
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shinichi Kai
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert M H Grange
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yusuke Miyazaki
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fumiaki Nagashima
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lisa Traeger
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aurora Magliocca
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tomoaki Ida
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Matsunaga
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Daniel R Flicker
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin Corman
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Naohiro Mori
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yumiko Yamazaki
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Annabelle Batten
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rebecca Li
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tomohiro Tanaka
- Division of Cardiocirculatory Signaling, National Institute for Physiological Sciences & Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems & Center for Novel Science Initiatives, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Ikeda
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Akito Nakagawa
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dmitriy N Atochin
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Hideshi Ihara
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Benjamin A Olenchock
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xinggui Shen
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Motohiro Nishida
- Division of Cardiocirculatory Signaling, National Institute for Physiological Sciences & Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems & Center for Novel Science Initiatives, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Hanaoka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Christopher G Kevil
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Ming Xian
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Donald B Bloch
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Takaaki Akaike
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Allyson G Hindle
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Hozumi Motohashi
- Department of Gene Expression Regulation, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Fumito Ichinose
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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19
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Zhu C, Suarez SI, Lukesh JC. Illuminating and alleviating cellular oxidative stress with an ROS-activated, H2S-donating theranostic. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.152944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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20
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Trends in H 2S-Donors Chemistry and Their Effects in Cardiovascular Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030429. [PMID: 33799669 PMCID: PMC8002049 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an endogenous gasotransmitter recently emerged as an important regulatory mediator of numerous human cell functions in health and in disease. In fact, much evidence has suggested that hydrogen sulfide plays a significant role in many physio-pathological processes, such as inflammation, oxidation, neurophysiology, ion channels regulation, cardiovascular protection, endocrine regulation, and tumor progression. Considering the plethora of physiological effects of this gasotransmitter, the protective role of H2S donors in different disease models has been extensively studied. Based on the growing interest in H2S-releasing compounds and their importance as tools for biological and pharmacological studies, this review is an exploration of currently available H2S donors, classifying them by the H2S-releasing-triggered mechanism and highlighting those potentially useful as promising drugs in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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21
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Fox BC, Slade L, Torregrossa R, Pacitti D, Szabo C, Etheridge T, Whiteman M. The mitochondria-targeted hydrogen sulfide donor AP39 improves health and mitochondrial function in a C. elegans primary mitochondrial disease model. J Inherit Metab Dis 2021; 44:367-375. [PMID: 33325042 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Primary mitochondrial diseases (PMD) are inherited diseases that cause dysfunctional mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, leading to diverse multisystem diseases and substantially impaired quality of life. PMD treatment currently comprises symptom management, with an unmet need for therapies targeting the causative mitochondrial defects. Molecules which selective target mitochondria have been proposed as potential treatment options in PMD but have met with limited success. We have previously shown in animal models that mitochondrial dysfunction caused by the disease process could be prevented and/or reversed by selective targeting of the "gasotransmitter" hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) to mitochondria using a novel compound, AP39. Therefore, in this study we investigated whether AP39 could also restore mitochondrial function in PMD models where mitochondrial dysfunction was the cause of the disease pathology using C. elegans. We characterised several PMD mutant C. elegans strains for reduced survival, movement and impaired cellular bioenergetics and treated each with AP39. In animals with widespread electron transport chain deficiency (gfm-1[ok3372]), AP39 (100 nM) restored ATP levels, but had no effect on survival or movement. However, in a complex I mutant (nuo-4[ok2533]), a Leigh syndrome orthologue, AP39 significantly reversed the decline in ATP levels, preserved mitochondrial membrane potential and increased movement and survival. For the first time, this study provides proof-of-principle evidence suggesting that selective targeting of mitochondria with H2 S could represent a novel drug discovery approach to delay, prevent and possibly reverse mitochondrial decline in PMD and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luke Slade
- University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | | | | | - Csaba Szabo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Timothy Etheridge
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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22
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Abstract
Sudden cardiac arrest is a leading cause of death worldwide. Although the methods of cardiopulmonary resuscitation have been improved, mortality is still unacceptably high, and many survivors suffer from lasting neurological deficits due to the post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS). Pathophysiologically, generalized vascular endothelial dysfunction accompanied by platelet activation and systemic inflammation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of PCAS. Because endothelial-derived nitric oxide (NO) plays a central role in maintaining vascular homeostasis, the role of NO-dependent signaling has been a focus of the intense investigation. Recent preclinical studies showed that therapeutic interventions that increase vascular NO bioavailability may improve outcomes after cardiac arrest complicated with PCAS. In particular, NO inhalation therapy has been shown to improve neurological outcomes and survival in multiple species. Clinical studies examining the safety and efficacy of inhaled NO in patients sustaining PCAS are warranted.
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23
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Rutledge CA, Chiba T, Redding K, Dezfulian C, Sims-Lucas S, Kaufman BA. A novel ultrasound-guided mouse model of sudden cardiac arrest. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237292. [PMID: 33275630 PMCID: PMC7717537 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Mouse models of sudden cardiac arrest are limited by challenges with surgical technique and obtaining reliable venous access. To overcome this limitation, we sought to develop a simplified method in the mouse that uses ultrasound-guided injection of potassium chloride directly into the heart. METHODS Potassium chloride was delivered directly into the left ventricular cavity under ultrasound guidance in intubated mice, resulting in immediate asystole. Mice were resuscitated with injection of epinephrine and manual chest compressions and evaluated for survival, body temperature, cardiac function, kidney damage, and diffuse tissue injury. RESULTS The direct injection sudden cardiac arrest model causes rapid asystole with high surgical survival rates and short surgical duration. Sudden cardiac arrest mice with 8-min of asystole have significant cardiac dysfunction at 24 hours and high lethality within the first seven days, where after cardiac function begins to improve. Sudden cardiac arrest mice have secondary organ damage, including significant kidney injury but no significant change to neurologic function. CONCLUSIONS Ultrasound-guided direct injection of potassium chloride allows for rapid and reliable cardiac arrest in the mouse that mirrors human pathology without the need for intravenous access. This technique will improve investigators' ability to study the mechanisms underlying post-arrest changes in a mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody A. Rutledge
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Takuto Chiba
- Rangos Research Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Kevin Redding
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Cameron Dezfulian
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research and Critical Care Medicine Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Sunder Sims-Lucas
- Rangos Research Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Brett A. Kaufman
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
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24
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Forini F, Canale P, Nicolini G, Iervasi G. Mitochondria-Targeted Drug Delivery in Cardiovascular Disease: A Long Road to Nano-Cardio Medicine. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E1122. [PMID: 33233847 PMCID: PMC7699942 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents a major threat for human health. The available preventive and treatment interventions are insufficient to revert the underlying pathological processes, which underscores the urgency of alternative approaches. Mitochondria dysfunction plays a key role in the etiopathogenesis of CVD and is regarded as an intriguing target for the development of innovative therapies. Oxidative stress, mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening, and excessive fission are major noxious pathways amenable to drug therapy. Thanks to the advancements of nanotechnology research, several mitochondria-targeted drug delivery systems (DDS) have been optimized with improved pharmacokinetic and biocompatibility, and lower toxicity and antigenicity for application in the cardiovascular field. This review summarizes the recent progress and remaining obstacles in targeting mitochondria as a novel therapeutic option for CVD. The advantages of nanoparticle delivery over un-targeted strategies are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Forini
- CNR Intitute of Clinical Physiology, Via G.Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (P.C.); (G.N.); (G.I.)
| | - Paola Canale
- CNR Intitute of Clinical Physiology, Via G.Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (P.C.); (G.N.); (G.I.)
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via Volta 4 bis, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Nicolini
- CNR Intitute of Clinical Physiology, Via G.Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (P.C.); (G.N.); (G.I.)
| | - Giorgio Iervasi
- CNR Intitute of Clinical Physiology, Via G.Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (P.C.); (G.N.); (G.I.)
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25
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Marutani E, Ichinose F. Emerging pharmacological tools to control hydrogen sulfide signaling in critical illness. Intensive Care Med Exp 2020; 8:5. [PMID: 32006269 PMCID: PMC6994583 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-020-0296-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has long been known as a toxic environmental hazard. Discovery of physiological roles of H2S as a neurotransmitter by Kimura and colleagues triggered an intensive research in the biological roles of H2S in the past decades. Manipulation of H2S levels by inhibiting H2S synthesis or administration of H2S-releasing molecules revealed beneficial as well as harmful effects of H2S. As a result, it is now established that H2S levels are tightly controlled and too much or too little H2S levels cause harm. Nonetheless, translation of sulfide-based therapy to clinical practice has been stymied due to the very low therapeutic index of sulfide and the incomplete understanding of endogenous sulfide metabolism. One potential strategy to circumvent this problem is to use a safe and stable sulfide metabolite that may mediate effects of H2S. Alternatively, endogenous sulfide levels may be controlled using specific sulfide scavengers. In this review article, the role of endogenous H2S production and catabolism will be briefly reviewed followed by an introduction of thiosulfate and H2S scavengers as novel pharmacological tools to control H2S-dependent signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eizo Marutani
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| | - Fumito Ichinose
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
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26
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Yuan Y, Zhu L, Li L, Liu J, Chen Y, Cheng J, Peng T, Lu Y. S-Sulfhydration of SIRT3 by Hydrogen Sulfide Attenuates Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 31:1302-1319. [PMID: 31218880 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Aims: Clinical use of cisplatin (Cisp), one of the most widely used, common, and effective chemotherapeutic agents, is limited by its side effects, particularly tubular injury-associated nephrotoxicity. Previous studies suggest that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) alleviates Cisp-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). However, the underlying mechanism remains largely unclear. Results: A single intraperitoneal injection of Cisp is employed to induce AKI, and the mice exhibit severe kidney dysfunction and histological damage at day 4 after Cisp injection. Here, we reported that H2S alleviated Cisp-caused renal toxicity via SIRT3 activation and subsequent improvement of mitochondrial ATP production. Using a biotin-switch assay, we showed that H2S increased S-sulfhydration of SIRT3 and induced deacetylation of its target proteins (OPA1, ATP synthase β, and superoxide dismutase 2). These effects of H2S were associated with a reduction of mitochondrial fragmentation, an increase in ATP generation, and less oxidative injury. Notably, the S-sulfhydration of SIRT3 induced by H2S was abrogated when Cys256, Cys259, Cys280, and Cys283 residues on SIRT3 (two zinc finger domains) were mutated. Innovation and Conclusion: Our data suggest that H2S attenuates Cisp-induced AKI by preventing mitochondrial dysfunction via SIRT3 sulfhydrylation. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 31, 1302-1319.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingling Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lan Li
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Center for Metabolic and Vascular Biology, School for Nutrition and Health Promotion, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Younan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingqiu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianqing Peng
- Critical Illness Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Canada.,Departments of Medicine and Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Yanrong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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27
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Murphy B, Bhattacharya R, Mukherjee P. Hydrogen sulfide signaling in mitochondria and disease. FASEB J 2019; 33:13098-13125. [PMID: 31648556 PMCID: PMC6894098 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901304r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide can signal through 3 distinct mechanisms: 1) reduction and/or direct binding of metalloprotein heme centers, 2) serving as a potent antioxidant through reactive oxygen species/reactive nitrogen species scavenging, or 3) post-translational modification of proteins by addition of a thiol (-SH) group onto reactive cysteine residues: a process known as persulfidation. Below toxic levels, hydrogen sulfide promotes mitochondrial biogenesis and function, thereby conferring protection against cellular stress. For these reasons, increases in hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen sulfide-producing enzymes have been implicated in several human disease states. This review will first summarize our current understanding of hydrogen sulfide production and metabolism, as well as its signaling mechanisms; second, this work will detail the known mechanisms of hydrogen sulfide in the mitochondria and the implications of its mitochondrial-specific impacts in several pathologic conditions.-Murphy, B., Bhattacharya, R., Mukherjee, P. Hydrogen sulfide signaling in mitochondria and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brennah Murphy
- Department of Pathology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Resham Bhattacharya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Priyabrata Mukherjee
- Department of Pathology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
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28
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Zhu C, Su Y, Juriasingani S, Zheng H, Veramkovich V, Jiang J, Sener A, Whiteman M, Lacefield J, Nagpal D, Alotaibi F, Liu K, Zheng X. Supplementing preservation solution with mitochondria-targeted H 2 S donor AP39 protects cardiac grafts from prolonged cold ischemia-reperfusion injury in heart transplantation. Am J Transplant 2019; 19:3139-3148. [PMID: 31338943 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.15539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Heart transplant has been accepted as the standard treatment for end-stage heart failure. Because of its susceptibility to ischemia-reperfusion injury, the heart can be preserved for only 4 to 6 hours in cold static preservation solutions. Prolonged ischemia time is adversely associated with primary graft function and long-term survival. New strategies to preserve donor hearts are urgently needed. We demonstrate that AP39, a mitochondria-targeting hydrogen sulfide donor, significantly increases cardiomyocyte viability and reduces cell apoptosis/death after cold hypoxia/reoxygenation in vitro. It also decreases gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines and preserves mitochondria function. Using an in vivo murine heart transplant model, we show that preserving donor hearts with AP39-supplemented University of Wisconsin solution (n = 7) significantly protects heart graft function, measured by quantitative ultrasound scan, against prolonged cold ischemia-reperfusion injury (24 hours at 4°C), along with reducing tissue injury and fibrosis. Our study demonstrates that supplementing preservation solution with AP39 protects cardiac grafts from prolonged ischemia, highlighting its therapeutic potential in preventing ischemia-reperfusion injury in heart transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuilin Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Pathology, Western University, Ontario, Canada.,Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplant Studies, London Health Sciences Center, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yale Su
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Pathology, Western University, Ontario, Canada.,Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplant Studies, London Health Sciences Center, Ontario, Canada
| | - Smriti Juriasingani
- Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplant Studies, London Health Sciences Center, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hao Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Western University, Ontario, Canada.,Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplant Studies, London Health Sciences Center, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vitali Veramkovich
- Department of Pathology, Western University, Ontario, Canada.,Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplant Studies, London Health Sciences Center, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jifu Jiang
- Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplant Studies, London Health Sciences Center, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alp Sener
- Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplant Studies, London Health Sciences Center, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Western University, Ontario, Canada.,Lawson Health Research Institute, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Western University, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew Whiteman
- University of Exeter Medical School, St. Luke's Campus, Exeter, UK
| | - James Lacefield
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Western University, Ontario, Canada.,Robarts Research Institute, Western University, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dave Nagpal
- Department of Surgery, Western University, Ontario, Canada
| | - Faizah Alotaibi
- Department of Pathology, Western University, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kexiang Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiufen Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Western University, Ontario, Canada.,Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplant Studies, London Health Sciences Center, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Western University, Ontario, Canada.,Lawson Health Research Institute, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Western University, Ontario, Canada
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29
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Soares ROS, Losada DM, Jordani MC, Évora P, Castro-E-Silva O. Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Revisited: An Overview of the Latest Pharmacological Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20205034. [PMID: 31614478 PMCID: PMC6834141 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) permeates a variety of diseases and is a ubiquitous concern in every transplantation proceeding, from whole organs to modest grafts. Given its significance, efforts to evade the damaging effects of both ischemia and reperfusion are abundant in the literature and they consist of several strategies, such as applying pre-ischemic conditioning protocols, improving protection from preservation solutions, thus providing extended cold ischemia time and so on. In this review, we describe many of the latest pharmacological approaches that have been proven effective against IRI, while also revisiting well-established concepts and presenting recent pathophysiological findings in this ever-expanding field. A plethora of promising protocols has emerged in the last few years. They have been showing exciting results regarding protection against IRI by employing drugs that engage several strategies, such as modulating cell-surviving pathways, evading oxidative damage, physically protecting cell membrane integrity, and enhancing cell energetics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniele M Losada
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, 13083-970 Campinas, Brazil.
| | - Maria C Jordani
- Department of Surgery & Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Évora
- Department of Surgery & Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
- Department of Gastroenterology, São Paulo Medical School, University of São Paulo, 01246-903 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Orlando Castro-E-Silva
- Department of Surgery & Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
- Department of Gastroenterology, São Paulo Medical School, University of São Paulo, 01246-903 São Paulo, Brazil.
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30
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Mitochondria-targeted hydrogen sulfide attenuates endothelial senescence by selective induction of splicing factors HNRNPD and SRSF2. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 10:1666-1681. [PMID: 30026406 PMCID: PMC6075431 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a key driver of ageing, influenced by age-related changes to the regulation of alternative splicing. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has similarly been described to influence senescence, but the pathways by which it accomplishes this are unclear.We assessed the effects of the slow release H2S donor Na-GYY4137 (100 µg/ml), and three novel mitochondria-targeted H2S donors AP39, AP123 and RT01 (10 ng/ml) on splicing factor expression, cell proliferation, apoptosis, DNA replication, DNA damage, telomere length and senescence-related secretory complex (SASP) expression in senescent primary human endothelial cells.All H2S donors produced up to a 50% drop in senescent cell load assessed at the biochemical and molecular level. Some changes were noted in the composition of senescence-related secretory complex (SASP); IL8 levels increased by 24% but proliferation was not re-established in the culture as a whole. Telomere length, apoptotic index and the extent of DNA damage were unaffected. Differential effects on splicing factor expression were observed depending on the intracellular targeting of the H2S donors. Na-GYY4137 produced a general 1.9 - 3.2-fold upregulation of splicing factor expression, whereas the mitochondria-targeted donors produced a specific 2.5 and 3.1-fold upregulation of SRSF2 and HNRNPD splicing factors only. Knockdown of SRSF2 or HNRNPD genes in treated cells rendered the cells non-responsive to H2S, and increased levels of senescence by up to 25% in untreated cells.Our data suggest that SRSF2 and HNRNPD may be implicated in endothelial cell senescence, and can be targeted by exogenous H2S. These molecules may have potential as moderators of splicing factor expression and senescence phenotypes.
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31
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Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S)-a potent gaseous signaling molecule-has emerged as a critical regulator of cardiovascular homeostasis. H2S is produced enzymatically by 3 constitutively active endogenous enzymes in all mammalian species. Within the past 2 decades, studies administering H2S-donating agents and the genetic manipulation of H2S-producing enzymes have revealed multiple beneficial effects of H2S, including vasodilation, activation of antiapoptotic and antioxidant pathways, and anti-inflammatory effects. More recently, the heightened enthusiasm in this field has shifted to the development of novel H2S-donating agents that exert favorable pharmacological profiles. This has led to the discovery of novel H2S-mediated signaling pathways. This review will discuss recently developed H2S therapeutics, introduce signaling pathways that are influenced by H2S-dependent sulfhydration, and explore the dual-protective effect of H2S in cardiorenal syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- From the Cardiovascular Center of Excellence and Department of Pharmacology, LSU Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - David J Polhemus
- From the Cardiovascular Center of Excellence and Department of Pharmacology, LSU Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - David J Lefer
- From the Cardiovascular Center of Excellence and Department of Pharmacology, LSU Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA
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32
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Wepler M, Merz T, Wachter U, Vogt J, Calzia E, Scheuerle A, Möller P, Gröger M, Kress S, Fink M, Lukaschewski B, Rumm G, Stahl B, Georgieff M, Huber-Lang M, Torregrossa R, Whiteman M, McCook O, Radermacher P, Hartmann C. The Mitochondria-Targeted H2S-Donor AP39 in a Murine Model of Combined Hemorrhagic Shock and Blunt Chest Trauma. Shock 2019; 52:230-239. [PMID: 29927788 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Hemorrhagic shock (HS) accounts for 30% to 40% of trauma-induced mortality, which is due to multi-organ-failure subsequent to systemic hyper-inflammation, triggered by hypoxemia and tissue ischemia. The slow-releasing, mitochondria-targeted H2S donor AP39 exerted beneficial effects in several models of ischemia-reperfusion injury and acute inflammation. Therefore, we tested the effects of AP39-treatment in a murine model of combined blunt chest trauma (TxT) and HS with subsequent resuscitation. METHODS After blast wave-induced TxT or sham procedure, anesthetized and instrumented mice underwent 1 h of hemorrhage followed by 4 h of resuscitation comprising an i.v. bolus injection of 100 or 10 nmol kg AP39 or vehicle, retransfusion of shed blood, fluid resuscitation, and norepinephrine. Lung mechanics and gas exchange were assessed together with hemodynamics, metabolism, and acid-base status. Blood and tissue samples were analyzed for cytokine and chemokine levels, western blot, immunohistochemistry, mitochondrial oxygen consumption (JO2), and histological changes. RESULTS High dose AP39 attenuated systemic inflammation and reduced the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and IκBα expression in lung tissue. In the combined trauma group (TxT + HS), animals treated with high dose AP39 presented with the lowest mean arterial pressure and thus highest norepinephrine requirements and higher mortality. Low dose AP39 had no effects on hemodynamics, leading to unchanged norepinephrine requirements and mortality rates. CONCLUSION AP39 is a systemic anti-inflammatory agent. In our model of trauma with HS, there may be a narrow dosing and timing window due to its potent vasodilatory properties, which might result in or contribute to aggravation of circulatory shock-related hypotension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Wepler
- Institute of Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Tamara Merz
- Institute of Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ulrich Wachter
- Institute of Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Josef Vogt
- Institute of Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Enrico Calzia
- Institute of Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Peter Möller
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael Gröger
- Institute of Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sandra Kress
- Institute of Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Marina Fink
- Institute of Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Britta Lukaschewski
- Institute of Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Grégoire Rumm
- Institute of Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Bettina Stahl
- Institute of Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Markus Huber-Lang
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma-Immunology, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Matthew Whiteman
- University of Exeter Medical School, St. Luke's Campus, Exeter, England, UK
| | - Oscar McCook
- Institute of Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter Radermacher
- Institute of Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Clair Hartmann
- Institute of Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
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33
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Kakinohana M, Marutani E, Tokuda K, Kida K, Kosugi S, Kasamatsu S, Magliocca A, Ikeda K, Kai S, Sakaguchi M, Hirai S, Xian M, Kaneki M, Ichinose F. Breathing hydrogen sulfide prevents delayed paraplegia in mice. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 131:243-250. [PMID: 30529602 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Delayed paraplegia complicates the recovery from spinal cord ischemia or traumatic spinal cord injury. While delayed motor neuron apoptosis is implicated in the pathogenesis, no effective treatment or preventive measures is available for delayed paraplegia. Hydrogen sulfide exerts anti-apoptotic effects. Here, we examined effects of hydrogen sulfide breathing on the recovery from transient spinal cord ischemia. Breathing hydrogen sulfide starting 23 h after reperfusion for 5 h prevented delayed paraplegia after 5 min of spinal cord ischemia. Beneficial effects of hydrogen sulfide were mediated by upregulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-XL and abolished by nitric oxide synthase 2 deficiency. S-nitrosylation of NFkB p65 subunit, which is induced by nitric oxide derived from nitric oxide synthase 2, facilitated subsequent sulfide-induced persulfidation of p65 and transcription of anti-apoptotic genes. These results uncover the molecular mechanism of the anti-apoptotic effects of sulfide based on the interaction between nitric oxide and sulfide. Exploitation of the anti-apoptotic effects of delayed hydrogen sulfide breathing may provide a new therapeutic approach for delayed paraplegia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Kakinohana
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan.
| | - Eizo Marutani
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA.
| | - Kentaro Tokuda
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA
| | - Kotaro Kida
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA
| | - Shizuko Kosugi
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA
| | - Shingo Kasamatsu
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA
| | - Aurora Magliocca
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA
| | - Kohei Ikeda
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA
| | - Shinichi Kai
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA
| | - Masahiro Sakaguchi
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA
| | - Shuichi Hirai
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA
| | - Ming Xian
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Masao Kaneki
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA; Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fumito Ichinose
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA
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Protective Smell of Hydrogen Sulfide and Polysulfide in Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20020313. [PMID: 30646560 PMCID: PMC6359127 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Though historically known as a toxic gas, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has displayed a new face as the third endogenous gaseous signaling molecule after nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO). Here in this review, we survey the role and therapeutic potential of H2S in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Specifically, reduction of H2S by cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) downregulation upon cisplatin treatment may contribute to cisplatin-induced renal cell injury, possibly by augmentation of endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, while H2S donation may prevent subsequent renal dysfunction by inhibiting NADPH oxidase activation. Intriguingly, H2S slow-releasing compound GYY4137 seems to increase the anticancer activity of cisplatin, at least in several cancer cell lines, and this is probably due to its own anticancer effect. However, the efficacy of H2S donors in tumor-bearing animals remains to be tested in terms of renal protection and cancer inhibition after receiving cisplatin. Furthermore, accumulative evidence regarding usage of polysulfide, a novel H2S derived molecule, in the therapy of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity, was also summarized.
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Cao X, Xiong S, Zhou Y, Wu Z, Ding L, Zhu Y, Wood ME, Whiteman M, Moore PK, Bian JS. Renal Protective Effect of Hydrogen Sulfide in Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 29:455-470. [PMID: 29316804 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Cisplatin is a major therapeutic drug for solid tumors, but can cause severe nephrotoxicity. However, the role and therapeutic potential of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), an endogenous gasotransmitter, in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity remain to be defined. RESULTS Cisplatin led to the impairment of H2S production in vitro and in vivo by downregulating the expression level of cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), which may contribute to the subsequent renal proximal tubule (RPT) cell death and thereby renal toxicity. H2S donors NaHS and GYY4137, but not AP39, mitigated cisplatin-induced RPT cell death and nephrotoxicity. The mechanisms underlying the protective effect of H2S donors included the suppression of intracellular reactive oxygen species generation and downstream mitogen-activated protein kinases by inhibiting NADPH oxidase activity, which may be possibly through persulfidating the subunit p47phox. Importantly, GYY4137 not only ameliorated cisplatin-caused renal injury but also added on more anticancer effect to cisplatin in cancer cell lines. Innovation and Conclusion: Our study provides a comprehensive understanding of the role and therapeutic potential of H2S in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Our results indicate that H2S may be a novel and promising therapeutic target to prevent cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 29, 455-470.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Cao
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , Singapore, Singapore
| | - Siping Xiong
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yebo Zhou
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhiyuan Wu
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , Singapore, Singapore .,2 Life Science Institute, National University of Singapore , Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lei Ding
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yike Zhu
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mark E Wood
- 3 Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter , Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Whiteman
- 4 School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Science, University of Exeter , Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Philip K Moore
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , Singapore, Singapore .,2 Life Science Institute, National University of Singapore , Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jin-Song Bian
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , Singapore, Singapore .,2 Life Science Institute, National University of Singapore , Singapore, Singapore
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Mavroudis CD, Karlsson M, Ko T, Hefti M, Gentile JI, Morgan RW, Plyler R, Mensah-Brown KG, Boorady TW, Melchior RW, Rosenthal TM, Shade BC, Schiavo KL, Nicolson SC, Spray TL, Sutton RM, Berg RA, Licht DJ, Gaynor JW, Kilbaugh TJ. Cerebral mitochondrial dysfunction associated with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest in neonatal swine. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2018; 54:162-168. [PMID: 29346537 PMCID: PMC7448940 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezx467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Controversy remains regarding the use of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) in neonatal cardiac surgery. Alterations in cerebral mitochondrial bioenergetics are thought to contribute to ischaemia-reperfusion injury in DHCA. The purpose of this study was to compare cerebral mitochondrial bioenergetics for DHCA with deep hypothermic continuous perfusion using a neonatal swine model. METHODS Twenty-four piglets (mean weight 3.8 kg) were placed on cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB): 10 underwent 40-min DHCA, following cooling to 18°C, 10 underwent 40 min DHCA and 10 remained at deep hypothermia for 40 min; animals were subsequently rewarmed to normothermia. 4 remained on normothermic CPB throughout. Fresh brain tissue was harvested while on CPB and assessed for mitochondrial respiration and reactive oxygen species generation. Cerebral microdialysis samples were collected throughout the analysis. RESULTS DHCA animals had significantly decreased mitochondrial complex I respiration, maximal oxidative phosphorylation, respiratory control ratio and significantly increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (P < 0.05 for all). DHCA animals also had significantly increased cerebral microdialysis indicators of cerebral ischaemia (lactate/pyruvate ratio) and neuronal death (glycerol) during and after rewarming. CONCLUSIONS DHCA is associated with disruption of mitochondrial bioenergetics compared with deep hypothermic continuous perfusion. Preserving mitochondrial health may mitigate brain injury in cardiac surgical patients. Further studies are needed to better understand the mechanisms of neurological injury in neonatal cardiac surgery and correlate mitochondrial dysfunction with neurological outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantine D Mavroudis
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael Karlsson
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tiffany Ko
- Department of Neurology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marco Hefti
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Javier I Gentile
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ryan W Morgan
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ross Plyler
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kobina G Mensah-Brown
- Department of Neurology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Timothy W Boorady
- Department of Neurology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Richard W Melchior
- Department of Perfusion Services, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tami M Rosenthal
- Department of Perfusion Services, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brandon C Shade
- Department of Perfusion Services, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kellie L Schiavo
- Department of Perfusion Services, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Susan C Nicolson
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Thomas L Spray
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Robert M Sutton
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Robert A Berg
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel J Licht
- Department of Neurology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J William Gaynor
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Todd J Kilbaugh
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Nakayama S, Taguchi N, Tanaka M. Role of Cranial Temperature in Neuroprotection by Sodium Hydrogen Sulfide After Cardiac Arrest in Mice. Ther Hypothermia Temp Manag 2018; 8:203-210. [PMID: 29431591 DOI: 10.1089/ther.2017.0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The hydrogen sulfide donor sodium hydrogen sulfide (NaHS) is recognized as a neuroprotective agent, which induces a hibernation-like metabolic state and hypothermia. However, it remains unclear whether it is the sulfide itself or the hypothermia induced by the sulfide that mediates treatment outcomes following cardiac arrest (CA) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). We therefore tested whether NaHS improved outcomes following CA/CPR in mice maintained at 35.0°C by active warming during recovery. Adult male mice were subjected to 8 minutes CA/CPR and randomly treated intraperitoneally with either implantation of miniosmotic pump with NaHS (50 μmol/kg/day) for 3 days or vehicle 30 minutes after CPR. A normothermia group had cranial temperatures kept >35.0°C for 6 hours with a heat pad, and a hypothermia group was allowed to spontaneous hypothermia at room temperature (26.0°C). Behavioral testing and histological evaluation of neurons in the CA1 hippocampal region and striatum were performed on days 4 and 12 after CA/CPR. Both cranial and body temperature decreased following CA/CPR in the hypothermia group, and this was enhanced by NaHS treatment. In the active warming (normothermia) group, NaHS protected striatal neurons and improved long-term survival, which was comparable to the hypothermia groups. No differences were found in the CA1 region. Following CA/CPR, NaHS treatment decreased the heart rate, but not the mean arterial pressure. Our study demonstrated that post-CPR treatment with NaHS exerted neuroprotection in mice while maintaining a normal cranial temperature, indicating that NaHS-related neuroprotection is independent of the known protective effect of spontaneous hypothermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Nakayama
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Noriko Taguchi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Makoto Tanaka
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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Liu H, Yu Z, Li Y, Xu B, Yan B, Paschen W, Warner DS, Yang W, Sheng H. Novel Modification of Potassium Chloride Induced Cardiac Arrest Model for Aged Mice. Aging Dis 2018; 9:31-39. [PMID: 29392079 PMCID: PMC5772856 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2017.0221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental cardiac arrest (CA) in aging research is infrequently studied in part due to the limitation of animal models. We aimed to develop an easily performed mouse CA model to meet this need. A standard mouse KCl-induced CA model using chest compressions and intravenous epinephrine for resuscitation was modified by blood withdrawal prior to CA onset, so as to decrease the requisite KCl dose to induce CA by decreasing the circulating blood volume. The modification was then compared to the standard model in young adult mice subjected to 8 min CA. 22-month old mice were then subjected to 8 min CA, resuscitated, and compared to young adult mice. Post-CA functional recovery was evaluated by measuring spontaneous locomotor activity pre-injury, and on post-CA days 1, 2, and 3. Neurological score and brain histology were examined on day 3. Brain elF2α phosphorylation levels were measured at 1 h to verify tissue stress. Compared to the standard model, the modification decreased cardiopulmonary resuscitation duration and increased 3-day survival in young mice. For aged mice, survival was 100 % at 24 h and 54% at 72 h. Neurological deficit was present 3 days post-CA, although more severe versus young mice. Mild neuronal necrosis was present in the cortex and hippocampus. The modified model markedly induced elF2α phosphorylation in both age groups. This modified procedure makes the CA model feasible in aged mice and provides a practical platform for understanding injury mechanisms and developing therapeutics for elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaqin Liu
- 1The Multidisciplinary Neuroprotection Laboratories, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.,2Department of Anesthesiology, The 4th Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhui Yu
- 1The Multidisciplinary Neuroprotection Laboratories, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.,3Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Li
- 1The Multidisciplinary Neuroprotection Laboratories, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.,4Department of Cardiology, The 5th Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Xu
- 1The Multidisciplinary Neuroprotection Laboratories, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.,5Department of Environmental Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Baihui Yan
- 1The Multidisciplinary Neuroprotection Laboratories, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.,6Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wulf Paschen
- 1The Multidisciplinary Neuroprotection Laboratories, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - David S Warner
- 1The Multidisciplinary Neuroprotection Laboratories, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Wei Yang
- 1The Multidisciplinary Neuroprotection Laboratories, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Huaxin Sheng
- 1The Multidisciplinary Neuroprotection Laboratories, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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Szabo C, Papapetropoulos A. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. CII: Pharmacological Modulation of H 2S Levels: H 2S Donors and H 2S Biosynthesis Inhibitors. Pharmacol Rev 2017; 69:497-564. [PMID: 28978633 PMCID: PMC5629631 DOI: 10.1124/pr.117.014050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 273] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has emerged as an important endogenous gasotransmitter in mammalian cells and tissues. Similar to the previously characterized gasotransmitters nitric oxide and carbon monoxide, H2S is produced by various enzymatic reactions and regulates a host of physiologic and pathophysiological processes in various cells and tissues. H2S levels are decreased in a number of conditions (e.g., diabetes mellitus, ischemia, and aging) and are increased in other states (e.g., inflammation, critical illness, and cancer). Over the last decades, multiple approaches have been identified for the therapeutic exploitation of H2S, either based on H2S donation or inhibition of H2S biosynthesis. H2S donation can be achieved through the inhalation of H2S gas and/or the parenteral or enteral administration of so-called fast-releasing H2S donors (salts of H2S such as NaHS and Na2S) or slow-releasing H2S donors (GYY4137 being the prototypical compound used in hundreds of studies in vitro and in vivo). Recent work also identifies various donors with regulated H2S release profiles, including oxidant-triggered donors, pH-dependent donors, esterase-activated donors, and organelle-targeted (e.g., mitochondrial) compounds. There are also approaches where existing, clinically approved drugs of various classes (e.g., nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories) are coupled with H2S-donating groups (the most advanced compound in clinical trials is ATB-346, an H2S-donating derivative of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory compound naproxen). For pharmacological inhibition of H2S synthesis, there are now several small molecule compounds targeting each of the three H2S-producing enzymes cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS), cystathionine-γ-lyase, and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase. Although many of these compounds have their limitations (potency, selectivity), these molecules, especially in combination with genetic approaches, can be instrumental for the delineation of the biologic processes involving endogenous H2S production. Moreover, some of these compounds (e.g., cell-permeable prodrugs of the CBS inhibitor aminooxyacetate, or benserazide, a potentially repurposable CBS inhibitor) may serve as starting points for future clinical translation. The present article overviews the currently known H2S donors and H2S biosynthesis inhibitors, delineates their mode of action, and offers examples for their biologic effects and potential therapeutic utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Szabo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (C.S.); Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zografou, Greece (A.P.); and Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (A.P.)
| | - Andreas Papapetropoulos
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (C.S.); Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zografou, Greece (A.P.); and Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece (A.P.)
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Zielonka J, Sikora A, Hardy M, Ouari O, Vasquez-Vivar J, Cheng G, Lopez M, Kalyanaraman B. Mitochondria-Targeted Triphenylphosphonium-Based Compounds: Syntheses, Mechanisms of Action, and Therapeutic and Diagnostic Applications. Chem Rev 2017; 117:10043-10120. [PMID: 28654243 PMCID: PMC5611849 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 921] [Impact Index Per Article: 131.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are recognized as one of the most important targets for new drug design in cancer, cardiovascular, and neurological diseases. Currently, the most effective way to deliver drugs specifically to mitochondria is by covalent linking a lipophilic cation such as an alkyltriphenylphosphonium moiety to a pharmacophore of interest. Other delocalized lipophilic cations, such as rhodamine, natural and synthetic mitochondria-targeting peptides, and nanoparticle vehicles, have also been used for mitochondrial delivery of small molecules. Depending on the approach used, and the cell and mitochondrial membrane potentials, more than 1000-fold higher mitochondrial concentration can be achieved. Mitochondrial targeting has been developed to study mitochondrial physiology and dysfunction and the interaction between mitochondria and other subcellular organelles and for treatment of a variety of diseases such as neurodegeneration and cancer. In this Review, we discuss efforts to target small-molecule compounds to mitochondria for probing mitochondria function, as diagnostic tools and potential therapeutics. We describe the physicochemical basis for mitochondrial accumulation of lipophilic cations, synthetic chemistry strategies to target compounds to mitochondria, mitochondrial probes, and sensors, and examples of mitochondrial targeting of bioactive compounds. Finally, we review published attempts to apply mitochondria-targeted agents for the treatment of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Zielonka
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
- Free Radical Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
- Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
| | - Adam Sikora
- Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, ul. Wroblewskiego 15, 93-590 Lodz, Poland
| | - Micael Hardy
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Olivier Ouari
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Jeannette Vasquez-Vivar
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
- Free Radical Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
| | - Gang Cheng
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
- Free Radical Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
| | - Marcos Lopez
- Translational Biomedical Research Group, Biotechnology Laboratories, Cardiovascular Foundation of Colombia, Carrera 5a No. 6-33, Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia, 681003
- Graduate Program of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Universidad del Valle, Calle 4B No. 36-00, Cali, Colombia, 760032
| | - Balaraman Kalyanaraman
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
- Free Radical Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
- Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
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Karwi QG, Bornbaum J, Boengler K, Torregrossa R, Whiteman M, Wood ME, Schulz R, Baxter GF. AP39, a mitochondria-targeting hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) donor, protects against myocardial reperfusion injury independently of salvage kinase signalling. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:287-301. [PMID: 27930802 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE H2 S protects myocardium against ischaemia/reperfusion injury. This protection may involve the cytosolic reperfusion injury salvage kinase (RISK) pathway, but direct effects on mitochondrial function are possible. Here, we investigated the potential cardioprotective effect of a mitochondria-specific H2 S donor, AP39, at reperfusion against ischaemia/reperfusion injury. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Anaesthetized rats underwent myocardial ischaemia (30 min)/reperfusion (120 min) with randomization to receive interventions before reperfusion: vehicle, AP39 (0.01, 0.1, 1 μmol·kg-1 ), or control compounds AP219 and ADT-OH (1 μmol·kg-1 ). LY294002, L-NAME or ODQ were used to investigate the involvement of the RISK pathway. Myocardial samples harvested 5 min after reperfusion were analysed for RISK protein phosphorylation and isolated cardiac mitochondria were used to examine the direct mitochondrial effects of AP39. KEY RESULTS AP39, dose-dependently, reduced infarct size. Inhibition of either PI3K/Akt, eNOS or sGC did not affect this effect of AP39. Western blot analysis confirmed that AP39 did not induce phosphorylation of Akt, eNOS, GSK-3β or ERK1/2. In isolated subsarcolemmal and interfibrillar mitochondria, AP39 significantly attenuated mitochondrial ROS generation without affecting respiratory complexes I or II. Furthermore, AP39 inhibited mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP) opening and co-incubation of mitochondria with AP39 and cyclosporine A induced an additive inhibitory effect on the PTP. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS AP39 protects against reperfusion injury independently of the cytosolic RISK pathway. This cardioprotective effect could be mediated by inhibiting PTP via a cyclophilin D-independent mechanism. Thus, selective delivery of H2 S to mitochondria may be therapeutically applicable for employing the cardioprotective utility of H2 S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qutuba G Karwi
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.,College of Medicine, University of Diyala, Diyala, Iraq
| | - Julia Bornbaum
- Institute of Physiology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Boengler
- Institute of Physiology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Roberta Torregrossa
- Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.,School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | | | - Mark E Wood
- School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute of Physiology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Gary F Baxter
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Ahmad A, Szabo C. Both the H 2S biosynthesis inhibitor aminooxyacetic acid and the mitochondrially targeted H 2S donor AP39 exert protective effects in a mouse model of burn injury. Pharmacol Res 2016; 113:348-355. [PMID: 27639598 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) exerts beneficial as well as deleterious effects in various models of critical illness. Here we tested the effect of two different pharmacological interventions: (a) inhibition of H2S biosynthesis using the cystathionine-beta-synthase (CBS)/cystathionine-gamma-lyase (CSE) inhibitor aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA) and the mitochondrially targeted H2S donor [10-oxo-10-[4-(3-thioxo-3H-1,2-dithiol-5-yl)phenoxy]decyl]triphenyl-phosphonium (AP39). A 30% body surface area burn injury was induced in anesthetized mice; animals were treated with vehicle, AOAA (10mg/kg i.p. once or once a day for 6days), or AP39 (0.3mg/kg/day once or once a day for 6days). In two separate groups, animals were sacrificed, at 24h post-burn or on Day 7 post-burn, blood and lungs were collected and the following parameters were evaluated: myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in lung homogenates, plasma cytokines (Luminex analysis) and circulating indicators of organ dysfunction (Vetscan analysis). Lung MPO levels (an index of neutrophil infiltration) and MDA levels (an index of oxidative stress) were significantly increased in response to burn injury both at 24h and at 7days; both AOAA and AP39 attenuated these increases. From a panel of inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, MCP-1, MIP-2, VEGF and IFNγ) in the plasma, IL-6 and IL-10 levels were markedly elevated at 24h and VEGF was slightly elevated. IL-6 remained highly elevated at 7days post-burn while IL-10 levels decreased, but remained slightly elevated over baseline 7days post-burn. The changes in cytokine levels were attenuated both by AP39 and AOAA at both time points studied. The burn-induced increases in the organ injury markers ALP and ALT, amylase and creatinine were reduced by both AOAA and AP39. We conclude that both H2S biosynthesis inhibition (using AOAA) and H2S donation (using AP39) suppresses inflammatory mediator production and reduces multi-organ injury in a murine model of burn injury, both at an early time point (when systemic H2S levels are elevated) and at a later time point (at which time systemic H2S levels have returned to baseline). These findings point to the complex pathogenetic role of H2S in burns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Ahmad
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; Shriners Hospitals for Children, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; Shriners Hospitals for Children, Galveston, TX, USA.
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43
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Gerő D, Torregrossa R, Perry A, Waters A, Le-Trionnaire S, Whatmore JL, Wood M, Whiteman M. The novel mitochondria-targeted hydrogen sulfide (H 2S) donors AP123 and AP39 protect against hyperglycemic injury in microvascular endothelial cells in vitro. Pharmacol Res 2016; 113:186-198. [PMID: 27565382 PMCID: PMC5113977 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The development of diabetic vascular complications is initiated, at least in part, by mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in endothelial cells. Hyperglycemia induces superoxide production in the mitochondria and initiates changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential that leads to mitochondrial dysfunction. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) supplementation has been shown to reduce the mitochondrial oxidant production and shows efficacy against diabetic vascular damage in vivo. However, the half-life of H2S is very short and it is not specific for the mitochondria. We have therefore evaluated two novel mitochondria-targeted anethole dithiolethione and hydroxythiobenzamide H2S donors (AP39 and AP123 respectively) at preventing hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and metabolic changes in microvascular endothelial cells in vitro. Hyperglycemia (HG) induced significant increase in the activity of the citric acid cycle and led to elevated mitochondrial membrane potential. Mitochondrial oxidant production was increased and the mitochondrial electron transport decreased in hyperglycemic cells. AP39 and AP123 (30–300 nM) decreased HG-induced hyperpolarisation of the mitochondrial membrane and inhibited the mitochondrial oxidant production. Both H2S donors (30–300 nM) increased the electron transport at respiratory complex III and improved the cellular metabolism. Targeting H2S to mitochondria retained the cytoprotective effect of H2S against glucose-induced damage in endothelial cells suggesting that the molecular target of H2S action is within the mitochondria. Mitochondrial targeting of H2S also induced >1000-fold increase in the potency of H2S against hyperglycemia-induced injury. The high potency and long-lasting effect elicited by these H2S donors strongly suggests that these compounds could be useful against diabetic vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domokos Gerő
- University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.
| | - Roberta Torregrossa
- University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK; Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, UK
| | - Alexis Perry
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, UK
| | | | - Sophie Le-Trionnaire
- IRSET-UMR INSERM U1085, Equipe 3-Stress, Membrane et Signalisation, Rennes Cedex, France
| | | | - Mark Wood
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, UK
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Wedmann R, Onderka C, Wei S, Szijártó IA, Miljkovic JL, Mitrovic A, Lange M, Savitsky S, Yadav PK, Torregrossa R, Harrer EG, Harrer T, Ishii I, Gollasch M, Wood ME, Galardon E, Xian M, Whiteman M, Banerjee R, Filipovic MR. Improved tag-switch method reveals that thioredoxin acts as depersulfidase and controls the intracellular levels of protein persulfidation. Chem Sci 2016; 7:3414-3426. [PMID: 27170841 PMCID: PMC4845716 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc04818d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has emerged as a signalling molecule capable of regulating several important physiological functions such as blood pressure, neurotransmission and inflammation. The mechanisms behind these effects are still largely elusive and oxidative posttranslational modification of cysteine residues (protein persulfidation or S-sulfhydration) has been proposed as the main pathway for H2S-induced biological and pharmacological effects. As a signalling mechanism, persulfidation has to be controlled. Using an improved tag-switch assay for persulfide detection we show here that protein persulfide levels are controlled by the thioredoxin system. Recombinant thioredoxin showed an almost 10-fold higher reactivity towards cysteine persulfide than towards cystine and readily cleaved protein persulfides as well. This reaction resulted in H2S release suggesting that thioredoxin could be an important regulator of H2S levels from persulfide pools. Inhibition of the thioredoxin system caused an increase in intracellular persulfides, highlighting thioredoxin as a major protein depersulfidase that controls H2S signalling. Finally, using plasma from HIV-1 patients that have higher circulatory levels of thioredoxin, we could prove depersulfidase role in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudolf Wedmann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg , Erlangen , Germany .
| | - Constantin Onderka
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg , Erlangen , Germany .
| | - Shengwei Wei
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg , Erlangen , Germany .
| | | | - Jan Lj Miljkovic
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg , Erlangen , Germany .
| | | | - Mike Lange
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg , Erlangen , Germany .
| | - Sergey Savitsky
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg , Erlangen , Germany .
| | - Pramod Kumar Yadav
- Department of Biological Chemistry , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , USA
| | - Roberta Torregrossa
- University of Exeter Medical School , St. Luke's Campus , Exeter , UK ; Biosciences , College of Life and Environmental Sciences of Biosciences , University of Exeter , Streatham Campus , Exeter , Devon , UK
| | - Ellen G Harrer
- Infectious Diseases Section , Department of Internal Medicine 3 , Universitätsklinikum Erlangen , Friedrich-Alexander-University, Erlangen-Nürnberg , Germany
| | - Thomas Harrer
- Infectious Diseases Section , Department of Internal Medicine 3 , Universitätsklinikum Erlangen , Friedrich-Alexander-University, Erlangen-Nürnberg , Germany
| | - Isao Ishii
- Department of Biochemistry , Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Keio University , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Maik Gollasch
- Charité Campus Virchow , Nephrology/Intensive Care , Berlin , Germany
| | - Mark E Wood
- Biosciences , College of Life and Environmental Sciences of Biosciences , University of Exeter , Streatham Campus , Exeter , Devon , UK
| | - Erwan Galardon
- UMR CNRS 8601 , Université Paris Descartes , Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France
| | - Ming Xian
- Department of Chemistry , Washington State University , Pullman , USA
| | - Matthew Whiteman
- University of Exeter Medical School , St. Luke's Campus , Exeter , UK
| | - Ruma Banerjee
- Department of Biological Chemistry , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , USA
| | - Milos R Filipovic
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg , Erlangen , Germany . ; Université de Bordeaux , IBGC , UMR 5095 , F-33077 Bordeaux , France ; CNRS , IBGC , UMR 5095 , F-33077 Bordeaux , France
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45
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Ahmad A, Olah G, Szczesny B, Wood ME, Whiteman M, Szabo C. AP39, A Mitochondrially Targeted Hydrogen Sulfide Donor, Exerts Protective Effects in Renal Epithelial Cells Subjected to Oxidative Stress in Vitro and in Acute Renal Injury in Vivo. Shock 2016; 45:88-97. [PMID: 26513708 PMCID: PMC4684477 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000000478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of AP39 [(10-oxo-10-(4-(3-thioxo-3H-1,2-dithiol-5yl) phenoxy)decyl) triphenyl phosphonium bromide], a mitochondrially targeted donor of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in an in vitro model of hypoxia/oxidative stress injury in NRK-49F rat kidney epithelial cells (NRK cells) and in a rat model of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Renal oxidative stress was induced by the addition of glucose oxidase, which generates hydrogen peroxide in the culture medium at a constant rate. Glucose oxidase (GOx)-induced oxidative stress led to mitochondrial dysfunction, decreased intracellular ATP content, and, at higher concentrations, increased intracellular oxidant formation (estimated by the fluorescent probe 2, 7-dichlorofluorescein, DCF) and promoted necrosis (estimated by the measurement of lactate dehydrogenase release into the medium) of the NRK cells in vitro. Pretreatment with AP39 (30-300 nM) exerted a concentration-dependent protective effect against all of the above effects of GOx. Most of the effects of AP39 followed a bell-shaped concentration-response curve; at the highest concentration of GOx tested, AP39 was no longer able to afford cytoprotective effects. Rats subjected to renal ischemia/reperfusion responded with a marked increase (over four-fold over sham control baseline) blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels in blood, indicative of significant renal damage. This was associated with increased neutrophil infiltration into the kidneys (assessed by the myeloperoxidase assay in kidney homogenates), increased oxidative stress (assessed by the malondialdehyde assay in kidney homogenates), and an increase in plasma levels of IL-12. Pretreatment with AP39 (0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mg/kg) provided a dose-dependent protection against these pathophysiological alterations; the most pronounced protective effect was observed at the 0.3 mg/kg dose of the H2S donor; nevertheless, AP39 failed to achieve a complete normalization of any of the injury markers measured. The partial protective effects of AP39 correlated with a partial improvement of kidney histological scores and reduced TUNEL staining (an indicator of DNA damage and apoptosis). In summary, the mitochondria-targeted H2S donor AP39 exerted dose-dependent protective effects against renal epithelial cell injury in vitro and renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in vivo. We hypothesize that the beneficial actions of AP39 are related to the reduction of cellular oxidative stress, and subsequent attenuation of various positive feed-forward cycles of inflammatory and oxidative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Ahmad
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Gabor Olah
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Bartosz Szczesny
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
- Shriners Hospital for Children, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Mark E. Wood
- Department of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Science, University of Exeter, England
| | - Matthew Whiteman
- University of Exeter Medical School, St. Luke's Campus, Exeter, England
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
- Shriners Hospital for Children, Galveston, TX, USA
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Calderone V, Martelli A, Testai L, Citi V, Breschi MC. Using hydrogen sulfide to design and develop drugs. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2015; 11:163-75. [PMID: 26593865 DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2016.1122590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an endogenous gasotransmitter, involved in the regulation of several biological functions. Conversely, impaired biosynthesis of H2S is associated with important diseases. This paves the way for exciting pharmacological perspectives for drugs acting on the 'H2S system'. AREAS COVERED At the beginning of this manuscript, the authors present the biological roles and mechanisms of action of hydrogen sulfide. The authors then discuss the developments in the modulation of the H2S system via heterogeneous molecules, which behave as sources of exogenous H2S, and are promising drugs for a number of diseases. EXPERT OPINION The rate of H2S generation, the physicochemical characteristics and the bioavailability greatly affect the overall pharmacological profile of each H2S-releasing compound. Therefore, the development of broad collections of original moieties endowed with heterogeneous rates/mechanisms of H2S release and a variety of physicochemical, biological and pharmacological features is the most timely and compelling issue in the field of H2S-based drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alma Martelli
- a Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università di Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - Lara Testai
- a Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università di Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - Valentina Citi
- a Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università di Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - Maria C Breschi
- a Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università di Pisa , Pisa , Italy
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