The association between the prognostic nutritional index and 28-day mortality among atrial fibrillation patients in China over 80 years of age

How Immunonutritional Markers Are Associated with Age, Sex, Body Mass Index and the Most Common Chronic Diseases in the Hospitalized Geriatric Population-A Cross Sectional Study

The aim of this study was to assess the relationship of different chronic diseases with immunonutritional markers in the senior population.

METHODS

this study included 1190 hospitalized geriatric patients. The criteria to participate were ability to communicate, given consent and C-reactive protein (CRP) lower than 6 mg/dL.

RESULTS

the mean age of the study population was 81.7 ± 7.6 years. NLR (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio), LMR (lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio), MWR (monocyte-to-white blood cell ratio), SII (systemic immune-inflammation index), PNI (prognostic nutritional index) and CAR (C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio) were related to age. NLR and MWR were higher, while LMR, PLR (platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and SII were lower in men. All markers were related to BMI. NLR, LMR, LCR (lymphocyte-to-CRP ratio), MWR, PNI and CAR were related to several concomitant chronic diseases. In multivariate analyses, age and BMI were selected as independent predictors of all studied immunonutritional markers. Atrial fibrillation, diabetes mellitus and dementia appear most often in the models. PNI presented the most consistent statistical association with age, BMI and concomitant chronic diseases.

CONCLUSIONS

this study reveals the pivotal role of aging and BMI in inflammatory marker levels and the association of immunonutritional markers with different chronic diseases. Atrial fibrillation seems to have the most dominant connection to the immunonutritional markers.

Relationship between the Ratio of Red Cell Distribution Width to Albumin and 28-Day Mortality among Chinese Patients over 80 Years with Atrial Fibrillation

INTRODUCTION

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a prevalent heart arrhythmia in elderly adults aged 80 years or older. The red cell distribution width (RDW) to albumin ratio has been acknowledged as a reliable prognostic marker for poor outcomes in a variety of disorders. However, there exists limited scientific evidence on the association of RDW to albumin (RAR) with mortality in geriatric individuals with AF.

METHODS

From January 2015 to June 2020, a retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary academic institution that diagnosed 1,141 elderly adults with AF. The RAR value was calculated as the ratio of RDW (%) to albumin (g/dL). The potential association between RAR and cardiovascular mortality and the risk of all-cause mortality within 28 days was evaluated by means of multivariable Cox regression analysis.

RESULTS

The 28-day all-cause and cardiovascular mortality rates were 8.7% and 3.3%, respectively. Increased RAR tertiles were found to be significantly associated with greater all-cause mortality (T1: 1.6%; T2: 6.2%; T3: 18.1%, p < 0.001) and cardiovascular mortality (T1: 0.8%; T2: 2.9%; T3: 6.3%, p < 0.001) using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Continuous RAR had a positive association with all-cause mortality (hazard ratios [HR] = 1.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.23-1.65) and cardiovascular mortality (HR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.05-1.64), even after accounting for numerous confounding variables. In comparison to the T1 group, individuals with the highest RAR levels displayed a greater risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 2.73, 95% CI: 1.11-6.74) and cardiovascular mortality (HR = 2.59, 95% CI: 0.69-9.78). Increased RAR levels were related to higher rates of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality across almost all subgroups.

CONCLUSION

RAR is independently correlated with 28-day all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in AF-affected individuals aged ≥80.

The Relationship Between the Neutrophil Percentage-to-Albumin Ratio and Rates of 28-Day Mortality in Atrial Fibrillation Patients 80 Years of Age or Older

Backgrounds and Aims

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia among the older patients (≥ 80 years) in clinical practice. The index of neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR) is a reliable predictor of adverse outcomes in cardiovascular diseases. There is scarce evidence regarding the association between NPAR and mortality among the older patients with AF.

Methods

The research was conducted among 1141 patients with AF between January 2015 and June 2020, hospitalized at Huadong Hospital affiliated with Fudan University. The primary outcome were 28-day all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Cox regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to explore the correlation between NPAR and 28-day all-cause or cardiovascular mortality. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the curve (AUC) were performed for the predictive values of NPAR on prognosis.

Results

The 28-day death rate from cardiovascular disease and all-causes were 3.3% and 8.7%, respectively. Continuous NPAR levels were positively associated with all-cause (HR 1.13, 95% CI 1.09, 1.16) and cardiovascular (HR 1.16, 95% CI 1.10, 1.23) mortality after adjustment for confounding variables. Relative to patients in the T1 group, those in higher NPAR tertiles also exhibit elevated risks of all-cause (P < 0.001) and cardiovascular mortality (P < 0.001). Furthermore, both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality rates rose with increasing NPAR in all analyzed subgroups.

Conclusion

NPAR values are consistently positively related to 28-day all-cause and cardiovascular mortality rates in patients ≥80 years of age with AF.

Prealbumin as a nutrition status indicator may be associated with outcomes of geriatric hip fractures: a propensity score matching and 1-year follow-up study

AIM

Nutrition status may affect bone metabolism and regeneration in the elderly. However, few studies reported a sensitive nutrition indicator or evaluation tool for geriatric hip fractures. This study aimed to explore if prealbumin (PAB), a critical nutrition-related protein, is related to the prognosis of hip fractures.

METHODS

Patients with hip fractures who met the inclusion criteria were included in our study. Geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) were calculated. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to reduce the influence of confounding factors and ROC curves were conducted to explore the optimal cutoff points of PAB and to compare the prognostic value between GNRI, PNI, and PAB. Then Cox and Logistics analyses were performed to identify the relation between PAB and outcomes of hip fractures.

RESULTS

Out of the 546 patients enrolled in this study, 91 patients died within one year. After a 1:1 PSM, the patients with less than 1-year survival had significantly lower PAB (p < 0.001) than those who were still alive at one year. ROC curves showed that the PAB may sensitively predict 6-month survival (AUROC: 0.695), 1-year survival (AUROC: 0.696), and 1-year-free walking ability (AUROC: 0.642). Logistics analysis showed that low PAB may be an independent risk factor for survival and 1-year-free walking ability.

CONCLUSION

Low levels of PAB may be associated with poor survival and walking abilities of older patients after surgery for hip fracture.