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Zheng X, Zhang L. How Bottom-Line Mentality Leads to Abusive Supervision? Investigating the Mediating Effects of Anxiety. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:4431-4444. [PMID: 37933272 PMCID: PMC10625776 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s436568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose By integrating the theory of workplace anxiety with a self-regulatory theory, this study investigates the mediating role of workplace anxiety in the relationship between leader bottom-line mentality and abusive supervision targeting the follower, as well as the moderating effect of rules climate on leaders' emotion-behavior process. Methods A total of 393 employees and 91 supervising managers participated in the multi-source, two-wave survey. To test our hypotheses, we performed the regression analysis and conducted bootstrapping analyses using the Hayes PROCESS Model. Results Findings indicated that leader bottom-line mentality has a positive indirect relationship with abusive supervision via workplace anxiety. In addition, rules climate weakens abusive supervision for workplace anxiety, revealing a significant moderate effect. Conclusion Leaders with high BLM encapsulate apprehension and tension, which are deficient in fostering workplace anxiety as an important affect process that facilitates abusive supervision. During this process, we identify rules climate as an important boundary condition for our model and theorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zheng
- Department of Human Resources Management, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Human Resources Management, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Yang Y, Liu L, Mou K, Kong S, Wang Y. Effect of scarcity experience on unethical behavior: The mediating role of consideration of future consequences. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 42:1-10. [PMID: 36575668 PMCID: PMC9780626 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-04166-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Scarcity experience occurs when people feel they have less than they need. Previous research indicates that scarcity experience affects individuals' cognitive function, social behavior, and decision-making process. However, it remains unclear whether and how experienced scarcity influences unethical behavior. This paper reports three studies testing the potential relationship and mediational mechanisms. Study 1 assesses the associations between general scarcity experience, desire for money, consideration of future consequences, and unethical behavior. Studies 2 and 3 then manipulate scarcity experience (versus abundant experience and a neutral control condition) through paradigms of recalling (Study 2) and imagining (Study 3), and test the effect on self-reported unethical behavior (Study 2) and actual unethical conduct (Study 3), as well as the mediating effects of desire for money and consideration of future consequences. The results show that individuals experiencing scarcity were more likely to behave unethically, regardless of gender, age, or socioeconomic status. However, consideration of future consequences mediated the effect of scarcity experience on unethical behavior only in Study 1. Further research is needed to uncover the underlying mechanism through which scarcity evokes unethical behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaiyue Mou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuhong Kong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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Gentina E, Tang TLP. Youth materialism and consumer ethics: do Gen Z adolescents’ self-concepts (power and self-esteem) vary across cultures (China vs. France)? ETHICS & BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2022.2151012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Gentina
- Department of Marketing, IÉSEG School of Management (LEM-CNRS 9221), France
| | - Thomas Li-Ping Tang
- Department of Management, Jennings A. Jones College of Business, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, USA
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Xiong X, Zhang Y, Zhou X. Adding a third-party player in the sender-receiver deception game. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03928-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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5
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Rinn R, Ludwig J, Fassler P, Deutsch R. Cues of wealth and the subjective perception of rich people. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03763-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThese pre-registered studies shed light on the cues that individuals use to identify rich people. In two studies (N = 598), we first developed a factor-analytical model that describes the content and the mental structure of 24 wealth cues. A third within-subject study (N = 89) then assessed the perception of rich subgroups based on this model of wealth cues. Participants evaluated the extent to which the wealth cues applied to two distinct subgroups of rich people. The results show: German and US-American participants think that one can identify rich people based on the same set of cues which can be grouped along the following dimensions: luxury consumption, expensive hobbies, spontaneous spending, greedy behavior, charismatic behavior, self-presentation, and specific possessions. However, Germans and US-Americans relied on these cues to different degrees to diagnose wealth in others. Moreover, we found evidence for subgroup-specific wealth cue profiles insofar as target individuals who acquired their wealth via internal (e.g., hard work) compared to external means (e.g., lottery winners) were evaluated differently on these wealth cues, presumably because of their perceived differences in valence and competence. Together, this research provides new insights in the cognitive representation of the latent construct of wealth. Practical implications for research on the perception of affluence, and implications for political decision makers, are discussed in the last section.
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Zhang H, Sun S, Xu H, Zhao C. Detrimental Effect of the Characteristic-Human-Capital-Inputs-Based Horizontal Pay Dispersion on Team Member Work Role Performance via Employee Benign and Malicious Envy: An Evidence from China. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2022; 15:3097-3116. [PMID: 36304736 PMCID: PMC9595064 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s383969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Pay for employee characteristic human capital inputs, which results in part of horizontal pay dispersion (HPD) and is well acknowledged by organizations and employees, has been greatly ignored by scholars. This study proposes “the characteristic-human-capital-inputs-based HPD” and explores what impact it tends to exert on team member work role performance (TMWRP), why, and when. Drawing on social comparison theory, goal-setting theory, and self-regulatory depletion theory, we develop a dual-mediation model elaborating the detrimental effect of this type of HPD on TMWRP from the perspective of employee benign and malicious envy and test it using objective and subjective data of 364 members coming from 65 Chinese ordinary employee teams. Methods We on-site collected objective data including each member’s pay level, outcome performance, and characteristic human capital inputs. Using five-point Likert rating method, team supervisors were requested to evaluate each member’s TMWRP and members were asked to self-rate benign and malicious envy. Hierarchical regression analysis, simple slope analysis, and bootstrapping approach were employed to verify the model. Results The characteristic-human-capital-inputs-based HPD adversely affects TMWRP by reducing employee benign envy (the mediating effect=−0.053, 95% CI=[−0.111, −0.002], excluding 0) and enhancing employee malicious envy (the mediating effect=−0.025, 95% CI=[−0.059, −0.004], excluding 0). The positive linkage between employee benign envy and TMWRP is only observed in lower-paid employees (the simple slope=0.145, p<0.05). Employee pay level does not moderate the relationship between malicious envy and TMWRP (β=−0.033, p>0.10). Conclusion The characteristic-human-capital-inputs-based HPD, which involves the HPD part mainly resulting from employee differences in characteristic human capital inputs, tends to impair TMWRP through inhibiting employee benign envy and promoting employee malicious envy. Employee pay level is an important boundary condition constraining the positive effect of benign envy on TMWRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Zhang
- Business School, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuwei Sun
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Shuwei Sun, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xuzhou University of Technology, No. 2 Lishui Road, Yunlong, Xuzhou, 221111, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 15996963525, Fax +86 051683105396, Email
| | - Han Xu
- Business School, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuyu Zhao
- Business School, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Halida R, Susianto H, Mujani S, Pratama AJ. Vote-selling as unethical behavior: Effects of voter’s inhibitory self-control, decision toward vote-buying money, and candidate’s quality in Indonesia election. JOURNAL OF SOCIAL AND POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.5964/jspp.5643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examines two stages of vote-selling among voters: to accept or refuse money, and then to vote for the vote-buyer or competitor. Using unethical behavior and money-as-temptation as a framework, we predict that the amount of the money will influence the decision to accept, but that the effect will be lower among voters with higher inhibitory self-control (ISC). We also predict that accepting money will influence the vote choice, but that the influence will be lower when the competitor has higher levels of integrity and leadership. Overall, the voters decision on money offered will moderate the relations between amount of money and vote choice. A population-based survey experiment with 1,220 participants of Indonesian voters was conducted to test these predictions. Participants were randomly assigned to one of 12 groups using a 4 (money offered: IDR50,000 vs. 100,000 vs. 150,000 vs. none) × 3 (candidate's personal quality: high leadership competitor vs. high integrity competitor vs. equal) between-group design. They made two hypothetical decisions: to accept or refuse the money, and to vote for the vote buyer or the competitor. The results showed that participants were signicantly tempted by larger amount of money, but the effect was moderated by ISC. However, there were no significant interaction between decision on money offered and candidates’ quality in influencing vote choice. Results from mediation analysis showed that accepting money was significantly mediate the influence of money on vote choice. Theoretical implications for understanding the practice of vote-buying and vote-selling are discussed.
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Franczak J, Shanahan DE. Shifting foci of ethical concerns: a new generation enters the corporate world. ETHICS & BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2022.2124160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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9
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Kuzminska AO, Gasiorowska A, Zaleskiewicz T. EXPRESS: Market mindset hinders interpersonal trust: The exposure to market relationships makes people trust less through elevated proportional thinking and reduced state empathy. Q J Exp Psychol (Hove) 2022:17470218221126416. [PMID: 36068664 DOI: 10.1177/17470218221126416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In a series of five experiments, we provided evidence that evoking the market mindset negatively affects trust. We found that the market mindset reduces trust compared to the communal mindset (Experiment 1) and a neutral condition (Experiment 2). Next, we examined the psychological mechanisms behind the detrimental effect of the market mindset on trust and found that this effect was mediated by enhanced proportional thinking (Experiments 3 and 4) and reduced state empathy (Experiments 4 and 5). Finally, in a preregistered Experiment 5, we showed that these two psychological mechanisms are relatively independent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Olga Kuzminska
- Faculty of Management, University of Warsaw, Szturmowa 1/3, 02-678 Warsaw, Poland 49605
| | - Agata Gasiorowska
- SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Center for Research in Economic Behavior, Ostrowskiego 30b, 50-505 Wroclaw, Poland 86927
| | - Tomasz Zaleskiewicz
- SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Center for Research in Economic Behavior, Ostrowskiego 30b, 50-505 Wroclaw, Poland 86927
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Plamondon S. Inequality in abundance. Front Res Metr Anal 2022; 7:980677. [PMID: 35965664 PMCID: PMC9372338 DOI: 10.3389/frma.2022.980677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With technological advance has come the possibility of a new era of abundance. Technologies like 3D printing and robotics promise to lower the costs of production and distribution of goods and services, presumably making these goods and services readily available to those across income and wealth spectrums. This undoubtedly is a good thing. But what will be the effect of these technologies on existing wealth inequalities and the psychological and societal burdens they impose? Can we expect that this newfound abundance will help remedy the current historic levels of inequality in the U.S. and other western countries? Unfortunately, the answer is likely no, for two reasons. First, history suggests that inequality often persists even under conditions of abundance due to dynamics of power and politics and ongoing impacts of structural inequalities. Having more than enough of a particular good or service to go around does not guarantee that all will have access to this good or service. Second, even if the new abundance enabled by technology extends into all levels of the socioeconomic spectrum, enabling individuals to access goods and services (and their attendant benefits) previously beyond their reach, the harms that attend unequal societies will persist. Increasing evidence suggests that these harms, including increased violence and decreased health, arise not from access (or a lack thereof) to particular goods and services, but from the adverse psychological consequences of living in an unequal society. This is a psychological burden shared not just by those at the losing end of the inequality equation, but also those who enjoy a relative advantage in society. Unequal societies are psychologically harmful to all who live in them, regardless of where these individuals fall on the socioeconomic spectrum, and largely independent of the particular goods and services they enjoy. The upshot is that society cannot rely on new abundance technologies to automatically solve problems of inequality and the social and psychological burdens that plague those who live in unequal societies. Indeed, depending on how society responds to questions of access to these technologies, their introduction might exacerbate various forms of inequality. In light of this, it is crucial to address conditions of inequality head-on, so that the new era of abundance promised by technological advance can lead to real gains in individual and societal wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Plamondon
- J. Reuben Clark Law School, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
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Milyavsky M, Kruglanski AW, Gelfand M, Chernikova M, Ellenberg M, Pierro A. People Who Need People (and Some Who Think They Don't): On Compensatory Personal and Social Means of Goal Pursuit. PSYCHOLOGICAL INQUIRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/1047840x.2022.2037986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Salama N, Chikudate N. Unpacking the lived experiences of corporate bribery: a phenomenological analysis of the common sense in the Indonesian business world. SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1108/srj-06-2021-0232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to investigate the meaning and lived experiences of Indonesian businesspeople who are engaged in corporate bribery.
Design/methodology/approach
This study takes a phenomenological approach to gain a deeper and more intense understanding of the real-life experiences of top executives, middle managers and lower-level employees in private companies in a broad range of medium-to-large enterprises in Indonesia.
Findings
The analysis resulted in three themes regarding corporate bribery: reasons, rationalization and effects. The results provide a deep and intricate understanding of bribery in the organizational context in general and among Indonesian businesspeople in particular.
Practical implications
This study has significant implications for practice because the results revealed how corporate bribery has been conducted and justified in the real practice of the Indonesian business world. Especially for managers who work in multinational corporations, they should consider the results of this study to avoid bribery practices in Indonesia.
Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to investigate the reasoning and mindset of focal people who committed wrongdoings in the Indonesian business world. The findings provide evidence that businesspeople are imbued with the calculating rationality of a profit-focused mindset.
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Khanna P, Khan SA, Krasikova D, Miller SR. Repeated engagement in misconduct by executives involved with financial restatements. ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR AND HUMAN DECISION PROCESSES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.obhdp.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Ayal S, Celse J, Hochman G. Crafting messages to fight dishonesty: A field investigation of the effects of social norms and watching eye cues on fare evasion. ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR AND HUMAN DECISION PROCESSES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.obhdp.2019.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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16
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Louridas P, Spinellis D. Conspicuous corruption: Evidence at a country level. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255970. [PMID: 34469448 PMCID: PMC8409654 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
People can exhibit their status by the consumption of particular goods or experiential purchases; this is known as "conspicuous consumption"; the practice is widespread and explains the market characteristics of a whole class of goods, Veblen goods, demand for which increase in tandem with their price. The value of such positional goods lies in their distribution among the population-the rarer they are, the more desirable they become. At the same time, higher income, often associated with higher status, has been studied in its relation to unethical behavior. Here we present research that shows how a particular Veblen good, illicit behavior, and wealth, combine to produce the display of illegality as a status symbol. We gathered evidence at a large, country-level, scale of a particular form of consumption of an illictly acquired good for status purposes. We show that in Greece, a developed middle-income country, where authorities cannot issue custom vanity license plates, people acquire distinguishing plate numbers that act as vanity plate surrogates. We found that such license plates are more common in cars with bigger engines and in luxury brands, and are therefore associated with higher value vehicles. This cannot be explained under the lawful procedures for allocating license plates and must therefore be the result of illegal activities, such as graft. This suggests a pattern of "conspicuous corruption", where individuals break the law and use their gains as status symbols, knowing that the symbols hint at rule-breaking, as long as the unlawful practice cannot be incontestably established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panos Louridas
- Department of Management Science and Technology, Athens University of Economics and Business, Athens, Greece
| | - Diomidis Spinellis
- Department of Management Science and Technology, Athens University of Economics and Business, Athens, Greece
- Department of Software Technology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
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Reprint of “Predicting employee wrongdoing: The complementary effect of CEO option pay and the pay gap”. ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR AND HUMAN DECISION PROCESSES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.obhdp.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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18
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Linking ethical leadership to administrative innovation in Ethiopian banks: the mediating role of knowledge process capabilities. JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1108/jmd-04-2020-0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PurposeThis paper aims to examine the mediating role of knowledge process capability (KPC) between ethical leadership (EL) and administrative innovation (AI) in the banking sector of Ethiopia.Design/methodology/approachThe study was conducted by a standardized questionnaire survey to collect the data from 266 employees of Commercial Bank of Ethiopia in 93 branches. The study employed structural equation modeling approach with Analyzing Moment of Structures 23.0 to test the hypothesized mediation model.FindingsThe results of this investigation disclose that EL has a significant and direct effect on AI and KPC. KPC also influences AI significantly.Originality/valueThe study revealed that KPC plays a partial mediating role in linking EL to AI, which is a new contribution to the existing literature of EL. This dimension can provide new dimensions to design organizational leadership which is based on sustainability paradigm. This can strengthen the organizational capabilities aiming to increasing innovative behaviors in order to have a deep-seated strategy.
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Yang J, Xu T, Hou Y, Monczynski EC, Jiang X. The Effect of Money Denomination on Prosocial Behavior: Through the Perspective of Metaphorical Cognitive Theory. Psychol Rep 2021; 125:2130-2159. [PMID: 33870795 DOI: 10.1177/00332941211007080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Based on metaphorical cognitive theory, this research did four experiments to examine whether and how one important feature of money, denomination, could influence prosocial behavior. Study 1 was an experiment with a sample size of 209 undergraduates (Mage = 18.97) showed that a larger denomination enhanced the probability of participants engaging in prosocial behavior rather than with a smaller denomination. Study 2 collecting data from 269 undergraduates (Mage = 18.50) further showed that larger denominations condition inspired more prosocial behavior than the control condition; and the small denominations condition produced similar levels of prosocial behavior to the control condition. Study 3 used single factor design with a sample size of 192 undergraduates (Mage = 20.49) repeated the results of Study 2. Furthermore, Study 3 excluded an important alternative explanation that the value rather than the denomination influenced prosocial behavior. Last, Study 4 applied a factorial design experiment with a sample size of 132 undergraduates (Mage = 20.92) which demonstrated that generosity mediated the effect of denomination on prosocial behavior; the effect of denomination on prosocial behavior did not depend on money priming methods. Finally, theoretical and practical implications were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Yang
- 12460Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang, China
| | - Tao Xu
- 12460Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang, China
| | - Yanhui Hou
- 2824University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, USA
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21
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Duffy MK, Lee K, Adair EA. Workplace Envy. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY AND ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR 2021. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-012420-055746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In the past 20 years, there has been a growing interest in the phenomenon of workplace envy. This article provides an overarching review and analysis of the workplace envy literature. We first consider conceptual and measurement challenges facing envy researchers. We then review the current knowledge base in the research with a focus on synthesizing what we have learned regarding workplace envy's transmutations, highlighting directions for future research. We explore two relatively understudied areas in the envy literature—antecedents of envy and the experience of being envied. We discuss methodologies used in the literature to study envy and outcomes and conclude with a focus on cross-cultural and practical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle K. Duffy
- Carlson School of Management, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA;,
| | - KiYoung Lee
- School of Business, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Elizabeth A. Adair
- Carlson School of Management, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA;,
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Predicting employee wrongdoing: The complementary effect of CEO option pay and the pay gap. ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR AND HUMAN DECISION PROCESSES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.obhdp.2020.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Guo W, Liu H, Yang J, Mo Y, Zhong C, Yamada Y. Stage 2 Registered Report: How subtle linguistic cues prevent unethical behaviors. F1000Res 2020; 9:996. [PMID: 33145010 PMCID: PMC7590892 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.25573.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Differences in descriptions can influence people's evaluations and behaviors. A previous study by Bryan and colleagues suggested that subtle linguistic differences in ethical reminders can differentially prevent readers' unethical behavior. The present study tried to replicate the previous finding in the Japanese context (Experiment 1); additionally, we explored the influence of unfamiliar Japanese instruction words that captured participants' attention (Experiment 2). Methods: In two online experiments, participants were asked to make 10 coin-tosses and report the number of "heads" results, which would indicate the amount of money that they could earn. In Experiment 1, we analyzed the difference in the number of "heads" results as reported by 768 participants under three conditions with different instructions ("Don't cheat" vs. "Don't be a cheater" vs. baseline as a control). In Experiment 2, we conducted an extended experiment with an additional task in which more attention was directed toward the text. Results: In Experiment 1, we successfully replicated the results of the original experiment. The results of Experiment 2 showed no evidence that the results in Experiment 1 were influenced by attentional factors. Conclusions: In conclusion, the results of the present study supported the hypothesis that self-identity-related words of moral reminder curb unethical behaviors more effectively. Stage 1 report: https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.20183.4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Guo
- Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Huanxu Liu
- Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jingwen Yang
- Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuqi Mo
- Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Can Zhong
- Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamada
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Guo W, Liu H, Yang J, Mo Y, Zhong C, Yamada Y. Stage 2 Registered Report: How subtle linguistic cues prevent unethical behaviors. F1000Res 2020; 9:996. [PMID: 33145010 PMCID: PMC7590892 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.25573.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 03/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Differences in descriptions can influence people's evaluations and behaviors. A previous study by Bryan and colleagues suggested that subtle linguistic differences in ethical reminders can differentially prevent readers' unethical behavior. The present study tried to replicate the previous finding in the Japanese context (Experiment 1); additionally, we explored the influence of unfamiliar Japanese instruction words that captured participants' attention (Experiment 2). Methods: In two online experiments, participants were asked to make 10 coin-tosses and report the number of "heads" results, which would indicate the amount of money that they could earn. In Experiment 1, we analyzed the difference in the number of "heads" results as reported by 768 participants under three conditions with different instructions ("Don't cheat" vs. "Don't be a cheater" vs. baseline as a control). In Experiment 2, we conducted an extended experiment with an additional task in which more attention was directed toward the text. Results: In Experiment 1, we successfully replicated the results of the original experiment. The results of Experiment 2 showed no evidence that the results in Experiment 1 were influenced by attentional factors. Conclusions: In conclusion, the results of the present study supported the hypothesis that self-identity-related words of moral reminder curb unethical behaviors more effectively. Stage 1 report: https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.20183.4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Guo
- Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Huanxu Liu
- Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jingwen Yang
- Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuqi Mo
- Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Can Zhong
- Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamada
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Friedland J, Jain T. Reframing the Purpose of Business Education: Crowding-in a Culture of Moral Self-Awareness. JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT INQUIRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1056492620940793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Numerous high-profile ethics scandals, rising inequality, and the detrimental effects of climate change dramatically underscore the need for business schools to instill a commitment to social purpose in their students. At the same time, the rising financial burden of education, increasing competition in the education space, and overreliance on graduates’ financial success as the accepted metric of quality have reinforced an instrumentalist climate. These conflicting aims between social and financial purpose have created an existential crisis for business education. To resolve this impasse, we draw on the concept of moral self-awareness to offer a system-theoretical strategy for crowding-in a culture of ethics within business schools. We argue that to do so, business schools will need to (1) reframe the purpose of business, (2) reframe the meaning of professional success, and (3) reframe the ethos of business education itself.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tanusree Jain
- Trinity Business School, Trinity College, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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26
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König CJ, Langer M, Fell CB, Pathak RD, Bajwa NUH, Derous E, Geißler SM, Hirose S, Hülsheger U, Javakhishvili N, Junges N, Knudsen B, Lee MS, Mariani MG, Nag GC, Petrescu C, Robie C, Rohorua H, Sammel LD, Schichtel D, Titov S, Todadze K, Lautz AH, Ziem M. Economic Predictors of Differences in Interview Faking Between Countries: Economic Inequality Matters, Not the State of Economy. APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY-AN INTERNATIONAL REVIEW-PSYCHOLOGIE APPLIQUEE-REVUE INTERNATIONALE 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/apps.12278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Birgit Knudsen
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics The Netherlands
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Coughenour C, Abelar J, Pharr J, Lung-Chang C, Singh A. Estimated car cost as a predictor of driver yielding behaviors for pedestrians. JOURNAL OF TRANSPORT & HEALTH 2020; 16:100831. [PMID: 35036318 PMCID: PMC8758047 DOI: 10.1016/j.jth.2020.100831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pedestrian crashes are not equitably distributed; people of color and males are overburdened. The aim of this study was to examine if driver yielding behavior differed based on gender and skin color of the pedestrian, and the estimated car cost at two midblock crosswalks in the Las Vegas metropolitan area. METHODS One white and one black female and one white and one black male crossed the intersection in a similar, prescribed manner. Crossings were video recorded. Driver yielding behavior was documented. The cost of car was estimated by cross referencing manufacturing websites and averaging the high and low values of estimated private sale. Generalized linear mixed model was applied, nesting within crossing attempt and within streets. RESULTS Of 461 cars, 27.98% yielded to pedestrians. Cars yielded more frequently for females (31.33%) and whites (31.17%) compared to males (24.06%) and non-whites (24.78%). Cost of car was a significant predictor of driver yielding (OR = 0.97; p = 0.0307); odds of yielding decreased 3% per $1000 increase. DISCUSSION Driver yielding differed by cost of cars. Given previous findings, future research is needed to further examine gender and racial disparities in pedestrian crashes. Findings are significant for public health and pedestrian safety, especially given the upward trend in crash rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney Coughenour
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas School of Public Health, 4505 S. Maryland Pkway, Box 3064, Las Vegas, NV 89154
| | - James Abelar
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas School of Public Health, 4505 S. Maryland Pkway, Box 3064, Las Vegas, NV 89154
| | - Jennifer Pharr
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas School of Public Health, 4505 S. Maryland Pkway, Box 3064, Las Vegas, NV 89154
| | - Chien Lung-Chang
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas School of Public Health, 4505 S. Maryland Pkway, Box 3064, Las Vegas, NV 89154
| | - Ashok Singh
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas William F. Harrah College of Hotel Administration, 4505 S. Maryland Pkway, Box 6021, Las Vegas, NV 89154
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28
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The grapes are sour: An envier's attributional perspective of coworker impression management. JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT & ORGANIZATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1017/jmo.2020.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Arguing that it would serve scholars and practitioners better to view impression management (IM) from a coworker's perspective than from that of an actor's outcomes, this study demonstrates that IM by a coworker triggers a self-serving attributional process. The authors reason that denial of another's relative advantage leads the observing coworker to attribute this behavior to the actor's incompetence, consequently leading to counterproductive behavior toward them in efforts to reduce their own relative disadvantage. Data were collected at T1 and T2 from 142 service sector employees. Our results were consistent with our hypotheses. However, the moderated-mediation models for conditional effects of hostile attributional style were not supported. This study offers an integrated view of previously isolated domains of IM and attribution, suggesting future literature considers a similar perspective for more meaningful investigations.
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Thiel CE, Bonner J, Bush JT, Welsh DT, Pati R. Rationalize or reappraise? How envy and cognitive reappraisal shape unethical contagion. PERSONNEL PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/peps.12387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chase E. Thiel
- Department of Management University of Wyoming Laramie Wyoming
| | - Julena Bonner
- Department of Management Utah State University Logan Utah
| | - John T. Bush
- Department of Management University of Missouri Columbia Missouri
| | - David T. Welsh
- Department of Management Arizona State University Mesa Arizona
| | - Rakesh Pati
- Department of Management Deakin University Burwood Victoria Australia
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30
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Wang X, Chen Z, Krumhuber EG. Money: An Integrated Review and Synthesis From a Psychological Perspective. REVIEW OF GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1089268020905316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Many empirical studies have demonstrated the psychological effects of various aspects of money, including the aspiration for money, mere thoughts about money, possession of money, and placement of people in economic contexts. Although multiple aspects of money and varied methodologies have been focused on and implemented, the underlying mechanisms of the empirical findings from these seemingly isolated areas significantly overlap. In this article, we operationalize money as a broad concept and take a novel approach by providing an integrated review of the literature and identifying five major streams of mechanisms: (a) self-focused behavior; (b) inhibited other-oriented behavior; (c) favoring of a self–other distinction; (d) money’s relationship with self-esteem and self-efficacy; and (e) goal pursuit, objectification, outcome maximization, and unethicality. Moreover, we propose a unified psychological perspective for the future—money as an embodiment of social distinction—which could potentially account for past findings and generate future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xijing Wang
- The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
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31
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De Cremer D, Moore C. Toward a Better Understanding of Behavioral Ethics in the Workplace. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY AND ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR 2020. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-012218-015151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The emerging field of behavioral ethics has attracted much attention from scholars across a range of different disciplines, including social psychology, management, behavioral economics, and law. However, how behavioral ethics is situated in relation to more traditional work on business ethics within organizational behavior (OB) has not really been discussed yet. Our primary objective is to bridge the different literatures on ethics within the broad field of OB, and we suggest a full-fledged approach that we refer to as behavioral business ethics. To do so, we review the foundations and research foci of business ethics and behavioral ethics. We structure our review on three levels: the intrapersonal level, interpersonal level, and organizational level. For each level, we provide relevant research examples and outline where more research efforts are needed. We conclude by recommending future research opportunities relevant to behavioral business ethics and discuss its practical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- David De Cremer
- Department of Management and Organization, Business School, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119245
- Cambridge Judge Business School, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0BN, United Kingdom
| | - Celia Moore
- Department of Management, Imperial College Business School, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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32
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Tolerance of Future Professionals Towards Corruption. Analysis Through the Attitudes of Students of Lima’s Universities Regarding Situations Related to Ethics and Morals. JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC ETHICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10805-019-09351-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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33
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Guo W, Liu H, Yang J, Mo Y, Zhong C, Yamada Y. Stage 1 Registered Report: How subtle linguistic cues prevent unethical behaviors. F1000Res 2019; 8:1482. [PMID: 32185019 PMCID: PMC7059835 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.20183.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Different ways of description can easily influence people's evaluations and behaviors. A previous study by Bryan and colleagues suggested that subtle linguistic differences in ethical reminders can differentially prevent readers' unethical behavior. The present study aims to replicate the previous finding in the Japanese context, additionally exploring the influence of unfamiliar instruction words that capture participants' attention. In two experiments, which are planned to be conducted online, participants are asked to make 10 coin-tosses and report the number of "heads" results, indicating the amount of money that they can earn. We will manipulate instructions ("Don't cheat" vs. "Don't be a cheater" vs. baseline as a control) for each participant group, including nearly 270 participants (Experiment 1). Next, we will conduct an extended experiment with an additional task in which more attention is directed toward the text (Experiment 2). Through these registered experiments, we examine the credibility of the previous finding that type of instruction affects the occurrence of unethical behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Guo
- Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Huanxu Liu
- Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jingwen Yang
- Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuqi Mo
- Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Can Zhong
- Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamada
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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34
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Guo W, Liu H, Yang J, Mo Y, Zhong C, Yamada Y. Stage 1 Registered Report: How subtle linguistic cues prevent unethical behaviors. F1000Res 2019; 8:1482. [PMID: 32185019 PMCID: PMC7059835 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.20183.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 03/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Different ways of description can easily influence people's evaluations and behaviors. A previous study by Bryan and colleagues suggested that subtle linguistic differences in ethical reminders can differentially prevent readers' unethical behavior. The present study aims to replicate the previous finding in the Japanese context, additionally exploring the influence of unfamiliar instruction words that capture participants' attention. In two experiments, which are planned to be conducted online, participants are asked to make 10 coin-tosses and report the number of "heads" results, indicating the amount of money that they can earn. We will manipulate instructions ("Don't cheat" vs. "Don't be a cheater" vs. baseline as a control) for each participant group, including nearly 270 participants (Experiment 1). Next, we will conduct an extended experiment with an additional task in which more attention is directed toward the text (Experiment 2). Through these registered experiments, we examine the credibility of the previous finding that type of instruction affects the occurrence of unethical behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Guo
- Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Huanxu Liu
- Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jingwen Yang
- Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuqi Mo
- Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Can Zhong
- Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamada
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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35
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Envy and problematic smartphone use: The mediating role of FOMO and the moderating role of student-student relationship. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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36
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The effect of malicious envy on the framing effect: The mediating role of fear of failure. MOTIVATION AND EMOTION 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11031-019-09767-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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37
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Seuntjens TG, Zeelenberg M, van de Ven N, Breugelmans SM. Greedy bastards: Testing the relationship between wanting more and unethical behavior. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2018.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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38
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Meier FC, Schöbel M, Feufel MA. Does size matter? Spacious car cockpits may increase the probability of parking violations. ERGONOMICS 2018; 61:1613-1618. [PMID: 30035669 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2018.1503727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cockpit design is a core area of human factors and ergonomics (HF/E). Ideally, good design compensates for human capacity limitations by distributing task requirements over human and interface to improve safety and performance. Recent empirical findings suggest that the mere spatial layout of car cockpits may influence driver behaviour, expanding current views on HF/E in cockpit design. To assess the reliability of findings showing that an expansive driver seat space predicts parking violations, we replicated an original field study in a geographically and socio-culturally different location and included an additional covariate. After controlling for car length, brand status, and car price, driver seat space remained a positive predictor of illegal parking. This suggests that the spatial design of vehicle cockpits may indeed have an influence on driver behaviour and may therefore be a relevant dimension to be included in research and applications of HF/E in cockpit design. Practitioner summary: In car cockpit design, ergonomists typically focus on optimising human-machine interfaces to improve traffic safety. We replicate evidence showing that increasing physical space surrounding the driver relates to an increased probability of parking violations. This suggests that spatial design should be added to the ergonomist's toolbox for reducing traffic violations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix C Meier
- a Technische Universität Berlin, Department of Psychology and Ergonomics , Division of Ergonomics , Berlin , Germany
| | - Markus Schöbel
- b Universität Basel, Department of Psychology, Center for Economic Psychology , Basel , Switzerland
| | - Markus A Feufel
- a Technische Universität Berlin, Department of Psychology and Ergonomics , Division of Ergonomics , Berlin , Germany
- c Harding Center for Risk Literacy , Berlin , Germany
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39
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Ruttan RL, Lucas BJ. Cogs in the machine: The prioritization of money and self-dehumanization. ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR AND HUMAN DECISION PROCESSES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.obhdp.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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40
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Liang Y, Liu L, Tan X, Dang J, Li C, Gu Z. The moderating effect of general system justification on the relationship between unethical behavior and self-esteem. SELF AND IDENTITY 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/15298868.2018.1541328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuyun Tan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Sociology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianning Dang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zibei Gu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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41
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Geven LM, Klein Selle N, Ben-Shakhar G, Kindt M, Verschuere B. Self-initiated versus instructed cheating in the physiological Concealed Information Test. Biol Psychol 2018; 138:146-155. [PMID: 30236614 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The validity of the Concealed Information Test (CIT) to detect recognition of critical details has been demonstrated in hundreds of laboratory studies. These studies, however, lack the factor of deliberate intent to deceive. This disparity between research and practice may affect the generalizability of laboratory based CIT findings. In the current study, 65 out of 174 participants cheated on their own initiative in a trivia quiz. These self-initiated cheaters were compared to 68 participants who were explicitly requested to cheat. Skin conductance, heart rate, and respiration were found to detect concealed information related to cheating. No significant differences emerged between self-initiated and instructed cheaters, supported by Bayesian statistics showing substantial evidence for the null hypothesis. The data demonstrate that the validity of the CIT is not restricted to instructed deception. This finding is encouraging from an ecological validity perspective and may pave the way for further field implementation of memory detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Marjoleine Geven
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 129B, 1018WS Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Psychology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel Mount Scopus, 91905, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Nathalie Klein Selle
- Department of Psychology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel Mount Scopus, 91905, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Gershon Ben-Shakhar
- Department of Psychology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel Mount Scopus, 91905, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Merel Kindt
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 129B, 1018WS Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bruno Verschuere
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 129B, 1018WS Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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42
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Zhou X, Yang Q, Hu X. When money meets morality: Human universals and cultural differences. Psych J 2018; 7:105-106. [PMID: 29944782 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Zhou
- Department of Marketing, School of Management, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Affairs Administration, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomeng Hu
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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43
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Geven LM, Ben-Shakhar G, Kindt M, Verschuere B. Memory-Based Deception Detection: Extending the Cognitive Signature of Lying From Instructed to Self-Initiated Cheating. Top Cogn Sci 2018; 12:608-631. [PMID: 29907999 PMCID: PMC7379290 DOI: 10.1111/tops.12353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
From a cognitive perspective, lying can be regarded as a complex cognitive process requiring the interplay of several executive functions. Meta‐analytic research on 114 studies encompassing 3,307 participants (Suchotzki, Verschuere, Van Bockstaele, Ben‐Shakhar, & Crombez, 2017) suggests that computerized paradigms can reliably assess the cognitive burden of lying, with large reaction time differences between lying and truth telling. These studies, however, lack a key ingredient of real‐life deception, namely self‐initiated behavior. Research participants have typically been instructed to commit a mock crime and conceal critical information, whereas in real life, people freely choose whether or not to engage in antisocial behavior. In this study, participants (n = 433) engaged in a trivia quiz and were provided with a monetary incentive for high accuracy performance. Participants were randomly allocated to either a condition where they were instructed to cheat on the quiz (mimicking the typical laboratory set‐up) or to a condition in which they were provided with the opportunity to cheat, yet without explicit instructions to do so. Assessments of their response times in a subsequent Concealed Information Test (CIT) revealed that both instructed cheaters (n = 107) and self‐initiated cheaters (n = 142) showed the expected RT‐slowing for concealed information. The data indicate that the cognitive signature of lying is not restricted to explicitly instructed cheating, but it can also be observed for self‐initiated cheating. These findings are highly encouraging from an ecological validity perspective. Geven, Ben‐Shakhar, Kindt and Verschuere point out that research on deception detection usually employs instructed cheating. They experimentally demonstrate that participants show slower reaction times for concealed information than for other information, regardless of whether they are explicitly instructed to cheat or whether they can freely choose to cheat or not. Finding this ‘cognitive signature of lying’ with self‐initiated cheating too is argued by the authors to strengthen the external validity of deception detection research. [75]
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda M Geven
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam.,Department of Psychology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem
| | | | - Merel Kindt
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam
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Watts LL, Ness AM, Steele LM, Mumford MD. Learning from stories of leadership: How reading about personalized and socialized politicians impacts performance on an ethical decision-making simulation. LEADERSHIP QUARTERLY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leaqua.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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45
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Johns G. Advances in the Treatment of Context in Organizational Research. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY AND ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR 2018. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-032117-104406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Although scholars in the field of organizational behavior have raised concerns about a lack of contextual appreciation, there has been a recent embrace of contextual thinking in the organizational sciences. In this review, I discuss several recent theories and measures of context. The added value of a contextual approach is illustrated by how context can shape personality, how it affects the emergence of work designs, and how it benefits the study of organizational demography. Future research topics include context cue sensitivity, the way context is shaped, the mediators of context effects, and the breadth and limits of contextual impact. A recurrent theme is that although context enables a demarcation of what is distinctive about situations, it also permits integration across research areas and levels of analysis, identifying what they have in common as settings for organizational behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary Johns
- John Molson School of Business, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3G 1M8
- Sauder School of Business, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z2
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Reutner L, Greifeneder R. It takes time (not money) to understand: Money reduces attentiveness to common ground in communication. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2017.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kleinlogel EP, Dietz J, Antonakis J. Lucky, Competent, or Just a Cheat? Interactive Effects of Honesty-Humility and Moral Cues on Cheating Behavior. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2017; 44:158-172. [DOI: 10.1177/0146167217733071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Despite substantial research on cheating, how and when individual predispositions figure into cheating behavior remains unclear. In Study 1, we investigated to what extent Honesty-Humility predicted cheating behavior. As expected, individuals high on Honesty-Humility were less likely to cheat than were individuals low on this trait. In Study 2, integrating arguments from personality research about traits with arguments from behavioral ethics about moral primes, we examined how Honesty-Humility and situational primes interacted to affect cheating. We found an interaction indicating that individuals high on Honesty-Humility consistently did not cheat much across situational primes, whereas individuals low on Honesty-Humility cheated more when exposed to immoral primes than when exposed to moral primes. Our research invites reflection about the interplay of individual differences in Honesty-Humility and situational cues in predicting cheating, including the design of anti-cheating systems and the context in which these person and situation factors interact.
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Schuler J, Ivanov I, Wänke M. Does money change political views? – An investigation of money priming and the preference for right-wing politics. JOURNAL OF SOCIAL AND POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.5964/jspp.v5i2.748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In a multistudy approach across seven studies we explored whether, as suggested by previous research, money primes affect people’s political orientation. Across the studies we used different dependent variables and samples, and we combined the results in a small-scale meta-analysis to test two competing hypotheses. Independent of the measures and experimental setting, our findings did not indicate that money primes lead to stronger right-wing orientations (main-effect hypothesis). However, we obtained a marginally significant interaction effect suggesting that the money priming effect is moderated by subjective socioeconomic status (moderation hypothesis). These findings suggest that, contrary to previous research, the money priming effect on political orientation is at best small and dependent on one’s subjective socioeconomic status. Implications for money priming research and political psychology are discussed.
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Modulation of financial deprivation on deception and its neural correlates. Exp Brain Res 2017; 235:3271-3277. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-017-5052-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Methasani R, Gaspar JP, Barry B. Feeling and Deceiving: A Review and Theoretical Model of Emotions and Deception in Negotiation. NEGOTIATION AND CONFLICT MANAGEMENT RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/ncmr.12095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bruce Barry
- Owen Graduate School of Management; Vanderbilt University; Nashville TN U.S.A
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