1
|
Liu X, Yao X, Chen L. Expanding roles of circRNAs in cardiovascular diseases. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:429-436. [PMID: 38511061 PMCID: PMC10950605 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
CircRNAs are a class of single-stranded RNAs characterized by covalently looped structures. Emerging advances have promoted our understanding of circRNA biogenesis, nuclear export, biological functions, and functional mechanisms. Roles of circRNAs in diverse diseases have been increasingly recognized in the past decade, with novel approaches in bioinformatics analysis and new strategies in modulating circRNA levels, which have made circRNAs the hot spot for therapeutic applications. Moreover, due to the intrinsic features of circRNAs such as high stability, conservation, and tissue-/stage-specific expression, circRNAs are believed to be promising prognostic and diagnostic markers for diseases. Aiming cardiovascular disease (CVD), one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, we briefly summarize the current understanding of circRNAs, provide the recent progress in circRNA functions and functional mechanisms in CVD, and discuss the future perspectives both in circRNA research and therapeutics based on existing knowledge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Xuelin Yao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Qi L, Xing J, Yuan Y, Lei M. Noncoding RNAs in atherosclerosis: regulation and therapeutic potential. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:1279-1295. [PMID: 37418054 PMCID: PMC11116212 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04794-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, a chronic disease of arteries, results in high mortality worldwide as the leading cause of cardiovascular disease. The development of clinically relevant atherosclerosis involves the dysfunction of endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. A large amount of evidence indicates that noncoding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are involved in various physiological and pathological processes. Recently, noncoding RNAs were identified as key regulators in the development of atherosclerosis, including the dysfunction of endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells and it is pertinent to understand the potential function of noncoding RNAs in atherosclerosis development. In this review, the latest available research relates to the regulatory role of noncoding RNAs in the progression of atherosclerosis and the therapeutic potential for atherosclerosis is summarized. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the regulatory and interventional roles of ncRNAs in atherosclerosis and to inspire new insights for the prevention and treatment of this disease.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Humans
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/therapy
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Animals
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
- RNA, Untranslated/genetics
- RNA, Untranslated/metabolism
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- RNA, Circular/genetics
- RNA, Circular/metabolism
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Endothelial Cells/pathology
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Qi
- Critical Care Medicine, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200137, Shanghai, China
| | - Jixiang Xing
- Peripheral Vascular Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 300150, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuesong Yuan
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 250014, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ming Lei
- Critical Care Medicine, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200137, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhou H, Chen X, Deng X, Zhang X, Zeng X, Xu K, Chen H. Transcriptome Analysis of miRNA and mRNA in Porcine Skeletal Muscle following Glaesserella parasuis Challenge. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:359. [PMID: 38540418 PMCID: PMC10970282 DOI: 10.3390/genes15030359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Glaesserella parasuis (G. parasuis) causes systemic infection in pigs, but its effects on skeletal muscle and underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. We investigated G. parasuis infection in colostrum-deprived piglets, observing decreased daily weight gain and upregulation of inflammatory factors in skeletal muscle. Muscle fiber area and diameter were significantly reduced in the treated group (n = 3) compared to the control group (n = 3), accompanied by increased expression of FOXO1, FBXO32, TRIM63, CTSL, and BNIP3. Based on mRNA and microRNA (miRNA) sequencing, we identified 1642 differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs and 19 known DE miRNAs in skeletal muscle tissues between the two groups. We predicted target genes with opposite expression patterns to the 19 miRNAs and found significant enrichment and activation of the FoxO signaling pathway. We found that the upregulated core effectors FOXO1 and FOXO4 were targeted by downregulated ssc-miR-486, ssc-miR-370, ssc-miR-615, and ssc-miR-224. Further investigation showed that their downstream upregulated genes involved in protein degradation were also targeted by the downregulated ssc-miR-370, ssc-miR-615, ssc-miR-194a-5p, and ssc-miR-194b-5p. These findings suggest that G. parasuis infection causes skeletal muscle atrophy in piglets through accelerated protein degradation mediated by the "miRNAs-FOXO1/4" axis, while further research is necessary to validate the regulatory relationships. Our results provide new insights into the understanding of systemic inflammation growth mechanisms caused by G. parasuis and the role of miRNAs in bacterial infection pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Zhou
- Laboratory of Genetic Breeding, Reproduction and Precision Livestock Farming, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (H.Z.); (X.C.); (K.X.)
- Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Xuexue Chen
- Laboratory of Genetic Breeding, Reproduction and Precision Livestock Farming, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (H.Z.); (X.C.); (K.X.)
- Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Xiangwei Deng
- Laboratory of Genetic Breeding, Reproduction and Precision Livestock Farming, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (H.Z.); (X.C.); (K.X.)
- Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Laboratory of Genetic Breeding, Reproduction and Precision Livestock Farming, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (H.Z.); (X.C.); (K.X.)
- Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Xinqi Zeng
- Laboratory of Genetic Breeding, Reproduction and Precision Livestock Farming, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (H.Z.); (X.C.); (K.X.)
- Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Laboratory of Genetic Breeding, Reproduction and Precision Livestock Farming, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (H.Z.); (X.C.); (K.X.)
- Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Hongbo Chen
- Laboratory of Genetic Breeding, Reproduction and Precision Livestock Farming, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (H.Z.); (X.C.); (K.X.)
- Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xie Q, Ma Y, Ren Z, Gu T, Jiang Z. Circular RNA: A new expectation for cardiovascular diseases. J Cell Biochem 2024; 125:e30512. [PMID: 38098251 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) is a class of RNA with the 5' and 3' ends connected covalently to form a closed loop structure and characterized by high stability, conserved sequences and tissue specificity, which is caused by special reverse splicing methods. Currently, it has become a hot spot for research. With the discovery of its powerful regulatory functions and roles, the molecular mechanisms and future value of circRNA in participating in and regulating biological and pathological processes are becoming increasingly apparent. Among them is the increasing prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Many studies have elucidated that circRNA plays a crucial role in the development and progression of CVDs. Therefore, circRNA shows its advantages and brilliant expectations in the field of CVDs. In this review, we describe the biogenesis, bioinformatics detection and function of circRNA and discuss the role of circRNA and its effects on CVDs, including atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, myocardial fibrosis, cardiac senescence, pulmonary hypertension, and diabetic cardiomyopathy by different mechanisms. That shows circRNA advantages and brilliant expectations in the field of CVDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Xie
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yun Ma
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Zhong Ren
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Tianhe Gu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Zhisheng Jiang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Qian H, Zhang Z, Tao Z, Xie Y, Yin Y, He W, Zhang L. Association of Circular RNAs levels in blood and Essential Hypertension with Carotid Plaque. Clin Exp Hypertens 2023; 45:2180020. [PMID: 36843004 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2023.2180020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As one of the essential hypertension (EH)-mediated target organ damage, carotid plaque is a crucial subclinical precursor for cardiovascular events. Therefore, it is vital to identify the risk factors and pathogenesis for EH with carotid plaque. METHODS Based on our previous microarray analysis, we selected four circRNAs as the candidate circRNAs and detected their expression levels in blood of 192 subjects (64 healthy controls, 64 EH patients, and 64 EH patients with carotid plaque) by qRT-PCR analysis. The regulatory mechanism of circRNAs involved in carotid plaque was predicted by bioinformatics analysis. RESULTS The level of hsa_circ_0124782 increased significantly and the levels of hsa_circ_0131618 and hsa_circ_0127342 decreased significantly in the EH group and EH with carotid plaque group compared with the control group (P < .05). Functional enrichment analysis showed that three circRNAs might be implicated in pathogenesis for carotid plaque. CONCLUSION Our study revealed the relationship between three circRNAs and carotid plaque, suggesting that they may serve as potential biomarkers for EH with carotid plaque.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Qian
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Zebo Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhenbo Tao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Ningbo Municipal Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, China
| | - Yanqing Xie
- Institute of Geriatrics, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yueqi Yin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Wenming He
- Institute of Geriatrics, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Institute of Geriatrics, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hoque P, Romero B, Akins RE, Batish M. Exploring the Multifaceted Biologically Relevant Roles of circRNAs: From Regulation, Translation to Biomarkers. Cells 2023; 12:2813. [PMID: 38132133 PMCID: PMC10741722 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
CircRNAs are a category of regulatory RNAs that have garnered significant attention in the field of regulatory RNA research due to their structural stability and tissue-specific expression. Their circular configuration, formed via back-splicing, results in a covalently closed structure that exhibits greater resistance to exonucleases compared to linear RNAs. The distinctive regulation of circRNAs is closely associated with several physiological processes, as well as the advancement of pathophysiological processes in several human diseases. Despite a good understanding of the biogenesis of circular RNA, details of their biological roles are still being explored. With the steady rise in the number of investigations being carried out regarding the involvement of circRNAs in various regulatory pathways, understanding the biological and clinical relevance of circRNA-mediated regulation has become challenging. Given the vast landscape of circRNA research in the development of the heart and vasculature, we evaluated cardiovascular system research as a model to critically review the state-of-the-art understanding of the biologically relevant functions of circRNAs. We conclude the review with a discussion of the limitations of current functional studies and provide potential solutions by which these limitations can be addressed to identify and validate the meaningful and impactful functions of circRNAs in different physiological processes and diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parsa Hoque
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA;
| | - Brigette Romero
- Department of Medical and Molecular Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA;
| | - Robert E Akins
- Nemours Children’s Research, Nemours Children’s Health System, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA;
| | - Mona Batish
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA;
- Department of Medical and Molecular Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yin X, Chen H, Sun G, Xu Y, Wang L. Circ-C16orf62 Regulates Oxidized low-density Lipoprotein-induced Apoptosis, Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Cholesterol Accumulation of Macrophages via Mediating RAB22A Expression by Targeting miR-377. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:6586-6606. [PMID: 36892682 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04320-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is one of the most common and important vascular diseases. It is believed that the abnormal expression of circular RNAs (circRNAs) plays an important role in AS. Hence, we investigate the function and mechanism of circ-C16orf62 in AS development.In this study, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-treated human macrophages (THP-1) were used as pathological conditions of AS in vitro. The expression of circ-C16orf62, miR-377 and Ras-related protein (RAB22A) mRNA was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) or western blot. Cell viability or cell apoptosis was assessed by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay or flow cytometry assay. The releases of proinflammatory factors were investigated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The production of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) was examined to assess oxidative stress. Total cholesterol (T-CHO) level was detected, and cholesterol efflux level was tested using a liquid scintillation counter. The putative relationship between miR-377 and circ-C16orf62 or RAB22A was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay.circ-C16orf62 expression was elevated in AS serum samples and ox-LDL-treated THP-1 cells. Apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress and cholesterol accumulation induced by ox-LDL were suppressed by circ-C16orf62 knockdown. Circ-C16orf62 could bind to miR-377 and thus increased the expression level of RAB22A. Rescued experiments showed that circ-C16orf62 knockdown alleviated ox-LDL-induced THP-1 cell injuries by increasing miR-377 expression, and miR-377 overexpression lessened ox-LDL-induced THP-1 cell injuries by degrading RAB22A level.In conclusion, circ-C16orf62 played a crucial role in the regulation of apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress and cholesterol accumulation in ox-LDL-treated human macrophages via mediating the miR-377/RAB22A axis, hinting that circ-C16orf62 might be involved in AS progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Yin
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Hongdan Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Guowei Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No.368, Yehai Avenue, 571000, Haikou, Hainan Province, China.
| | - Yangxing Xu
- Blood Purification Center of Hainan Provincial People's Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Lingna Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tong X, Dang X, Liu D, Wang N, Li M, Han J, Zhao J, Wang Y, Huang M, Yang Y, Yang Y, Wang W, Kou Y, Kou J. Exosome-derived circ_0001785 delays atherogenesis through the ceRNA network mechanism of miR-513a-5p/TGFBR3. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:362. [PMID: 37794449 PMCID: PMC10548746 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02076-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Endothelial cell dysfunction is a major cause of early atherosclerosis. Although the role of extracellular vesicles in stabilizing atherosclerotic plaques is well established, the effect of circulating exosomes on plaque formation is still unknown. Here, we explored the effect of exosomes on atherosclerosis based on the function that exosomes can act on intercellular communication. PATIENTS AND METHODS We extracted serum exosomes from the blood of CHD patients (CHD-Exo) and healthy individuals (Con-Exo). The obtained exosomes were co-cultured with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro. In addition, we determined that circ_0001785 functions as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNAs) in coronary artery disease by dual luciferase reporter gene analysis. The protective effect of circ_0001785 against endothelial cell injury was also verified using over-expression lentiviral transfection functional assays. In vivo experiments, we injected over-expressed circ_0001785 lentivirus into the tail vein of mice to observe its therapeutic effect on a mouse model of atherosclerosis. RESULTS The vitro co-cultured results showed that the amount of plasma-derived exosomes have an increase in patients with coronary artery disease, and the inflammation and apoptosis of endothelial cells were exacerbated. Over-expression of circ_0001785 reduced endothelial cell injury through the ceRNA network pathway of miR-513a-5p/TGFBR3. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction identified that the expressed amount of circ_0001785 was reduced in the circulating peripheral blood of CHD patients and increased within human and mouse atherosclerotic plaque tissue. The results of in vivo experiments showed that circ_0001785 reduced aortic endothelial cell injury and the formation of intraplaque neo-vascularization, and enhanced left ventricular diastolic function, thereby delaying the development of atherosclerosis in mice. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated a new biomarker, exosome-derived circ_0001785, for atherogenesis, which can reduce endothelial cell injury and thus delay atherogenesis through the miR-513a-5p/TGFBR3 ceRNA network mechanism, providing an exosome-based intervention strategy for atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Tong
- Department of Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Health Care Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xuan Dang
- Department of Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Health Care Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Dongmei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Health Care Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Department of Ultrasound, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Health Care Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Miao Li
- Department of Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Health Care Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jianbin Han
- Department of Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Health Care Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jinjin Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Health Care Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yueqing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Health Care Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Meijiao Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Health Care Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yanliang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Health Care Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yuhang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Health Care Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Weili Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Health Care Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yan Kou
- Department of Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Health Care Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Junjie Kou
- Department of Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Health Care Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu Q, Wang Y, Zhang T, Fang J, Meng S. Circular RNAs in vascular diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1247434. [PMID: 37840954 PMCID: PMC10570532 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1247434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and are urgently in need of diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic strategies. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) represent a unique class of RNAs characterized by a circular loop configuration and have recently been identified to possess a wide variety of biological functions. CircRNAs exhibit exceptional stability, tissue specificity, and are detectable in body fluids, thus holding promise as potential biomarkers. Their encoding function and stable gene expression also position circRNAs as an excellent alternative to gene therapy. Here, we briefly review the biogenesis, degradation, and functions of circRNAs. We summarize circRNAs discovered in major vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and aneurysms, with a particular focus on molecular mechanisms of circRNAs identified in vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells, in the hope to reveal new directions for mechanism, prognosis and therapeutic targets of vascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Shu Meng
- Department of Basic Science Research, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Feng L, Liu T, Shi J, Wang Y, Yang Y, Xiao W, Bai Y. Circ-UBR4 regulates the proliferation, migration, inflammation, and apoptosis in ox-LDL-induced vascular smooth muscle cells via miR-515-5p/IGF2 axis. Open Med (Wars) 2023; 18:20230751. [PMID: 37693837 PMCID: PMC10487405 DOI: 10.1515/med-2023-0751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of our study is to disclose the role and underlying molecular mechanisms of circular RNA ubiquitin protein ligase E3 component n-recognin 4 (circ-UBR4) in atherosclerosis (AS). Our data showed that circ-UBR4 expression was upregulated in AS patients and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) compared with healthy volunteer and untreated VSMCs. In addition, ox-LDL stimulated proliferation, migration, and inflammation but decreased apoptosis in VSMCs, which were overturned by the inhibition of circ-UBR4. miR-515-5p was sponged by circ-UBR4, and its inhibitor reversed the inhibitory effect of circ-UBR4 knockdown on proliferation, migration, and inflammation in ox-LDL-induced VSMCs. Insulin-like growth factor2 (IGF2) was a functional target of miR-515-5p, and overexpression of IGF2 reversed the suppressive effect of miR-515-5p on ox-LDL-stimulated VSMCs proliferation, migration, and inflammation. Collectively, circ-UBR4 knockdown decreased proliferation, migration, and inflammation but stimulated apoptosis in ox-LDL-induced VSMCs by targeting the miR-515-5p/IGF2 axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liuliu Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Shidong Hospital, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianhua Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shidong Hospital, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Shidong Hospital, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shidong Hospital, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuya Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shidong Hospital, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyin Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, Shidong Hospital, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyan Bai
- Department of Cardiology, Shidong Hospital, No. 999 Shiguang Road, Yangpu District, 200438, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang Z, Li L, Shi H, Chen B, Li X, Zhang Y, Liu F, Wei W, Zhou Y, Liu K, Xia W, Gu X, Huang J, Tu S, Yin C, Shao A, Jiang L. Role of Circular RNAs in Atherosclerosis through Regulation of Inflammation, Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Apoptosis: Focus on Atherosclerotic Cerebrovascular Disease. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1461. [PMID: 37629751 PMCID: PMC10456328 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59081461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a disease dangerous to human health and the main pathological cause of ischemic cardiovascular diseases. Although its pathogenesis is not fully understood, numerous basic and clinical studies have shown that AS is a chronic inflammatory disease existing in all stages of atherogenesis. It may be a common link or pathway in the pathogenesis of multiple atherogenic factors. Inflammation is associated with AS complications, such as plaque rupture and ischemic cerebral infarction. In addition to inflammation, apoptosis plays an important role in AS. Apoptosis is a type of programmed cell death, and different apoptotic cells have different or even opposite roles in the process of AS. Unlike linear RNA, circular RNA (circRNA) a covalently closed circular non-coding RNA, is stable and can sponge miRNA, which can affect the stages of AS by regulating downstream pathways. Ultimately, circRNAs play very important roles in AS by regulating inflammation, apoptosis, and some other mechanisms. The study of circular RNAs can provide new ideas for the prediction, prevention, and treatment of AS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Z.Z.); (H.S.); (B.C.); (X.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.G.)
| | - Lingfei Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; (L.L.); (F.L.); (W.W.); (Y.Z.); (K.L.); (W.X.)
| | - Huanqing Shi
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Z.Z.); (H.S.); (B.C.); (X.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.G.)
| | - Biao Chen
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Z.Z.); (H.S.); (B.C.); (X.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.G.)
| | - Xiaoqin Li
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Z.Z.); (H.S.); (B.C.); (X.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.G.)
| | - Yuyao Zhang
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Z.Z.); (H.S.); (B.C.); (X.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.G.)
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; (L.L.); (F.L.); (W.W.); (Y.Z.); (K.L.); (W.X.)
| | - Wan Wei
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; (L.L.); (F.L.); (W.W.); (Y.Z.); (K.L.); (W.X.)
| | - Yongji Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; (L.L.); (F.L.); (W.W.); (Y.Z.); (K.L.); (W.X.)
| | - Keqin Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; (L.L.); (F.L.); (W.W.); (Y.Z.); (K.L.); (W.X.)
| | - Wenqing Xia
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; (L.L.); (F.L.); (W.W.); (Y.Z.); (K.L.); (W.X.)
| | - Xin Gu
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Z.Z.); (H.S.); (B.C.); (X.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.G.)
| | - Jinyu Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China;
| | - Sheng Tu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China;
| | - Congguo Yin
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Z.Z.); (H.S.); (B.C.); (X.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.G.)
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; (L.L.); (F.L.); (W.W.); (Y.Z.); (K.L.); (W.X.)
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Disease, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Z.Z.); (H.S.); (B.C.); (X.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.G.)
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; (L.L.); (F.L.); (W.W.); (Y.Z.); (K.L.); (W.X.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Dergunova LV, Vinogradina MA, Filippenkov IB, Limborska SA, Dergunov AD. Circular RNAs Variously Participate in Coronary Atherogenesis. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:6682-6700. [PMID: 37623241 PMCID: PMC10453518 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45080422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, numerous studies have shown that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a significant role in coronary artery atherogenesis and other cardiovascular diseases. They belong to the class of non-coding RNAs and arise as a result of non-canonical splicing of premature RNA, which results in the formation of closed single-stranded circRNA molecules that lack 5'-end caps and 3'-end poly(A) tails. circRNAs have broad post-transcriptional regulatory activity. Acting as a sponge for miRNAs, circRNAs compete with mRNAs for binding to miRNAs, acting as competing endogenous RNAs. Numerous circRNAs are involved in the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory axes associated with the pathogenesis of cardiomyopathy, chronic heart failure, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease. Recent studies have shown that сirc_0001445, circ_0000345, circ_0093887, сircSmoc1-2, and circ_0003423 are involved in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD) with an atheroprotective effect, while circ_0002984, circ_0029589, circ_0124644, circ_0091822, and circ_0050486 possess a proatherogenic effect. With their high resistance to endonucleases, circRNAs are promising diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This review aims to provide updated information on the involvement of atherogenesis-related circRNAs in the pathogenesis of CAD. We also discuss the main modern approaches to detecting and studying circRNA-miRNA-mRNA interactions, as well as the prospects for using circRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liudmila V. Dergunova
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Kurchatov Sq. 2, Moscow 123182, Russia; (M.A.V.); (I.B.F.); (S.A.L.)
| | - Margarita A. Vinogradina
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Kurchatov Sq. 2, Moscow 123182, Russia; (M.A.V.); (I.B.F.); (S.A.L.)
| | - Ivan B. Filippenkov
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Kurchatov Sq. 2, Moscow 123182, Russia; (M.A.V.); (I.B.F.); (S.A.L.)
| | - Svetlana A. Limborska
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Kurchatov Sq. 2, Moscow 123182, Russia; (M.A.V.); (I.B.F.); (S.A.L.)
| | - Alexander D. Dergunov
- Laboratory of Structural Fundamentals of Lipoprotein Metabolism, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Petroverigsky Street 10, Moscow 101990, Russia;
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Triska J, Mathew C, Zhao Y, Chen YE, Birnbaum Y. Circular RNA as Therapeutic Targets in Atherosclerosis: Are We Running in Circles? J Clin Med 2023; 12:4446. [PMID: 37445481 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Much attention has been paid lately to harnessing the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of non-coding circular ribonucleic acids (circRNAs) and micro-RNAs (miRNAs) for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The genetic environment that contributes to atherosclerosis pathophysiology is immensely complex. Any potential therapeutic application of circRNAs must be assessed for risks, benefits, and off-target effects in both the short and long term. A search of the online PubMed database for publications related to circRNA and atherosclerosis from 2016 to 2022 was conducted. These studies were reviewed for their design, including methods for developing atherosclerosis and the effects of the corresponding atherosclerotic environment on circRNA expression. Investigated mechanisms were recorded, including associated miRNA, genes, and ultimate effects on cell mechanics, and inflammatory markers. The most investigated circRNAs were then further analyzed for redundant, disparate, and/or contradictory findings. Many disparate, opposing, and contradictory effects were observed across experiments. These include levels of the expression of a particular circRNA in atherosclerotic environments, attempted ascertainment of the in toto effects of circRNA or miRNA silencing on atherosclerosis progression, and off-target, cell-specific, and disease-specific effects. The high potential for detrimental and unpredictable off-target effects downstream of circRNA manipulation will likely render the practice of therapeutic targeting of circRNA or miRNA molecules not only complicated but perilous.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Triska
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Christo Mathew
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yang Zhao
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yuqing E Chen
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yochai Birnbaum
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ding N, Lv Y, Su H, Wang Z, Kong X, Zhen J, Lv Z, Wang R. Vascular calcification in CKD: New insights into its mechanisms. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:1160-1182. [PMID: 37269534 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and contributes to an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, effective therapies are still unavailable at present. It has been well established that VC associated with CKD is not a passive process of calcium phosphate deposition, but an actively regulated and cell-mediated process that shares many similarities with bone formation. Additionally, numerous studies have suggested that CKD patients have specific risk factors and contributors to the development of VC, such as hyperphosphatemia, uremic toxins, oxidative stress and inflammation. Although research efforts in the past decade have greatly improved our knowledge of the multiple factors and mechanisms involved in CKD-related VC, many questions remain unanswered. Moreover, studies from the past decade have demonstrated that epigenetic modifications abnormalities, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications and noncoding RNAs, play an important role in the regulation of VC. This review seeks to provide an overview of the pathophysiological and molecular mechanisms of VC associated with CKD, mainly focusing on the involvement of epigenetic modifications in the initiation and progression of uremic VC, with the aim to develop promising therapies for CKD-related cardiovascular events in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Ding
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yaodong Lv
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Hong Su
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Ziyang Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xianglei Kong
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Junhui Zhen
- Department of Pathology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhimei Lv
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yang L, Lin Y, Wang C, Fan P. circSnd1 promotes atherosclerosis progression through the miR-485-3p/Olr1 signaling pathway. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17366. [PMID: 37426804 PMCID: PMC10329125 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) participate in the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Identifying and verifying the key competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network related to atherosclerosis (AS) is significant for understanding the development of AS. The aim of this study was to investigate the circRNA-miRNA‒mRNA network, identify a key circRNA and explore its role in the development of atherosclerosis. Methods Differentially expressed mRNAs (DEMs) and circRNAs (DECs) in the AS model were obtained from datasets in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. R software and Cytoscape software were used to construct and visualize the ceRNA network. The dual-luciferase reporter experiment and the RNA pull-down experiment were used to verify the selected ceRNA axis. siRNA targeting circRNA, miRNA mimic, miRNA inhibitor, or gene overexpression plasmid was used for in vitro functional studies. ELISA and western blotting were used to detect inflammation and lipid transport-related proteins. Furthermore, an AS mouse model was established and treated with recombinant adeno-associated viral vectors to further verify the influence of the selected ceRNA axis on the occurrence and/or development of AS. Results A total of 497 DEMs were enriched in 25 pathways, based on which the circ_0082139 (circSnd1)/miR-485-3p/Olr1 axis was selected. In vitro, the interaction among the three molecules of this axis was validated and it was found to affect inflammation and lipid transport, which were characterized by the significant change of inflammatory factors (Il-6, Il-8, Tnf-α, Mcp-1, Vcam-1, and Icam-1), and lipid transport-related genes, including Abca1, Abcg1, Ldlr, Hdlbp, Lp-pla2, and Srebp-1c. Through animal experiments, we further verified that the circSnd1/miR-485-3p/Olr1 axis regulated these molecules and participated in the formation and/or development of AS in vivo. Conclusions The circSnd1/miR-485-3p/Olr1 axis participates in the formation and development of atherosclerosis by regulating inflammation and lipid transport.
Collapse
|
16
|
Ding C, Zhou Y. Insights into circular
RNAs
: Biogenesis, function and their regulatory roles in cardiovascular disease. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:1299-1314. [PMID: 37002786 PMCID: PMC10183707 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
As a distinctive member of the noncoding RNA family, circular RNAs (circRNAs) are generated from single-stranded, covalently closed structures and are ubiquitous in mammalian cells and tissues. Due to its atypical circular architecture, it was conventionally deemed insignificant dark matter for a prolonged duration. Nevertheless, studies conducted over the last decade have demonstrated that this abundant, structurally stable and tissue-specific RNA has been increasingly relevant in diverse diseases, including cancer, neurological disorders, diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Therefore, regulatory pathways controlled by circRNAs are widely involved in the occurrence and pathological processes of CVDs through their function as miRNA sponges, protein sponges and protein scaffolds. To better understand the role of circRNAs and their complex regulatory networks in CVDs, we summarize current knowledge of their biogenesis and function and the latest research on circRNAs in CVDs, with the hope of paving the way for the identification of promising biomarkers and therapeutic strategies for CVDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow University Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital Suzhou Jiangsu China
- Institute for Hypertension of Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Yafeng Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow University Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital Suzhou Jiangsu China
- Institute for Hypertension of Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu China
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Cheng C, Wang Y, Xue Q, Huang Y, Wang X, Liao F, Miao C. CircRnas in atherosclerosis, with special emphasis on the spongy effect of circRnas on miRnas. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:527-541. [PMID: 36229933 PMCID: PMC9928460 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2133365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease, which leads to atherosclerotic rupture, lumen stenosis and thrombosis, and often endangers life. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a special class of non-coding RNA molecules, whose abnormal expression has been proved to be closely related to human diseases, including AS. Both the abnormal regulation of circRNAs and the sponging effect on miRNAs would lead to changes in gene expression in the form of epigenetic modification, ultimately leading to the formation of AS. CircRNAs can be used as peripheral blood markers of AS, and play an important regulatory role in the proliferation, migration, inflammation and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells and macrophage, which are key cells for the development of AS. The in-depth understanding of circRNAs in AS not only provides a new method for the diagnosis of AS, but also provides a new idea for the treatment of AS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Qiuyun Xue
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yurong Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Clinical Nursing, School of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Faxue Liao
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, China
| | - Chenggui Miao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Institute of Rheumatism, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yan S, Pei Y, Li J, Tang Z, Yang Y. Recent Progress on Circular RNAs in the Development of Skeletal Muscle and Adipose Tissues of Farm Animals. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020314. [PMID: 36830683 PMCID: PMC9953704 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a highly conserved and specifically expressed novel class of covalently closed non-coding RNAs. CircRNAs can function as miRNA sponges, protein scaffolds, and regulatory factors, and play various roles in development and other biological processes in mammals. With the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technology, thousands of circRNAs have been discovered in farm animals; some reportedly play vital roles in skeletal muscle and adipose development. These are critical factors affecting meat yield and quality. In this review, we have highlighted the recent advances in circRNA-related studies of skeletal muscle and adipose in farm animals. We have also described the biogenesis, properties, and biological functions of circRNAs. Furthermore, we have comprehensively summarized the functions and regulatory mechanisms of circRNAs in skeletal muscle and adipose development in farm animals and their effects on economic traits such as meat yield and quality. Finally, we propose that circRNAs are putative novel targets to improve meat yield and quality traits during animal breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanying Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528231, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
| | - Yangli Pei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528231, China
| | - Jiju Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528231, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
| | - Zhonglin Tang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
- Kunpeng Institute of Modern Agriculture at Foshan, Foshan 528226, China
- Correspondence: (Z.T.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yalan Yang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
- Kunpeng Institute of Modern Agriculture at Foshan, Foshan 528226, China
- Correspondence: (Z.T.); (Y.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wang K, Gao XQ, Wang T, Zhou LY. The Function and Therapeutic Potential of Circular RNA in Cardiovascular Diseases. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2023; 37:181-198. [PMID: 34269929 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-021-07228-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) has a closed-loop structure, and its 3' and 5' ends are directly covalently connected by reverse splicing, which is more stable than linear RNA. CircRNAs usually possess microRNA (miRNA) binding sites, which can bind miRNAs and inhibit miRNA function. Many studies have shown that circRNAs are involved in the processes of cell senescence, proliferation and apoptosis and a series of signalling pathways, playing an important role in the prevention and treatment of diseases. CircRNAs are potential biological diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). To identify biomarkers and potential effective therapeutic targets without toxicity for heart disease, we summarize the biogenesis, biology, characterization and functions of circRNAs in CVDs, hoping that this information will shed new light on the prevention and treatment of CVDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, Shandong, China
| | - Xiang-Qian Gao
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, Shandong, China
| | - Lu-Yu Zhou
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Feng M, Tu W, Zhou Q, Du Y, Xu K, Wang Y. circHECTD1 Promotes the Proliferation and Migration of Human Brain Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells via Interacting with KHDRBS3 to Stabilize EZH2 mRNA Expression. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:1311-1323. [PMID: 36998321 PMCID: PMC10046248 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s398199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The objective of this paper is to explore the role of circHECTD1 in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and atherosclerosis (AS). Methods VSMCs were treated with platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) in vitro, and the level of circHECTD1 was determined using qRT-PCR. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were analyzed using CCK8 and transwell assays. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle were analyzed using flow cytometry. The binding interaction between circHECTD1 and KHDRBS3 or EZH2 was investigated using the RIP, RNA pull-down. Results CircHECTD1 was upregulated in PDGF-BB-induced VSMCs with a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. Knockdown of circHECTD1 suppressed VSMCsproliferation and migration and enhanced cell apoptosis in VSMCs, while circHECTD1 overexpression yielded opposite effects. Mechanistically, circHECTD1 could interact with KHDRBS3, thus enhanced the stability of EZH2 mRNA and increased EZH2 protein level. In addition, silencing EZH2 in VSMCs reversed the proliferation-enhancing effect of circHECTD1 overexpression. Conclusion Our findings provided providing a potential prognostic and therapy biomarker for AS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meina Feng
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan Brain Hospital, General Hospital of the YANGTZE River Shipping, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenxian Tu
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan Brain Hospital, General Hospital of the YANGTZE River Shipping, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan Brain Hospital, General Hospital of the YANGTZE River Shipping, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanmin Du
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan Brain Hospital, General Hospital of the YANGTZE River Shipping, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kang Xu
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan Brain Hospital, General Hospital of the YANGTZE River Shipping, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunfeng Wang
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan Brain Hospital, General Hospital of the YANGTZE River Shipping, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yunfeng Wang, Email
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Liu Z, Zhou Y, Xia J. CircRNAs: Key molecules in the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113845. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
22
|
Singh D, Rai V, Agrawal DK. Non-Coding RNAs in Regulating Plaque Progression and Remodeling of Extracellular Matrix in Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13731. [PMID: 36430208 PMCID: PMC9692922 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) regulate cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, inflammation, metabolism of clinically important biomolecules, and other cellular processes. They do not encode proteins but are involved in the regulatory network of various proteins that are directly related to the pathogenesis of diseases. Little is known about the ncRNA-associated mechanisms of atherosclerosis and related cardiovascular disorders. Remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) is critical in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and related disorders; however, its regulatory proteins are the potential subjects to explore with special emphasis on epigenetic regulatory components. The activity of regulatory proteins involved in ECM remodeling is regulated by various ncRNA molecules, as evident from recent research. Thus, it is important to critically evaluate the existing literature to enhance the understanding of nc-RNAs-regulated molecular mechanisms regulating ECM components, remodeling, and progression of atherosclerosis. This is crucial since deregulated ECM remodeling contributes to atherosclerosis. Thus, an in-depth understanding of ncRNA-associated ECM remodeling may identify novel targets for the treatment of atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Devendra K. Agrawal
- Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Circular RNAs Regulate Vascular Remodelling in Pulmonary Hypertension. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:4433627. [PMID: 36393967 PMCID: PMC9649318 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4433627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a newly identified type of noncoding RNA molecule with a unique closed-loop structure. circRNAs are widely expressed in different tissues and developmental stages of many species, participating in many important pathophysiological processes and playing an important role in the occurrence and development of diseases. This article reviews the discovery, characteristics, formation, and biological function of circRNAs. The relationship between circRNAs and vascular remodelling, as well as the current status of research and potential application value in pulmonary hypertension (PH), is discussed to promote a better understanding of the role of circRNAs in PH. circRNAs are closely related to the remodelling of vascular endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. circRNAs have potential application prospects for in-depth research on the possible pathogenesis and mechanism of PH. Future research on the role of circRNAs in the pathogenesis and mechanism of PH will provide new insights and promote screening, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of this disease.
Collapse
|
24
|
Yang X, Ma X, Mei C, Zan L. A genome-wide landscape of mRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs and miRNAs during intramuscular adipogenesis in cattle. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:691. [PMID: 36203142 PMCID: PMC9535873 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08911-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intramuscular preadipocyte differentiation plays a critical role in bovine intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition. However, the roles of different RNAs, including mRNAs, circRNAs, lncRNAs and miRNAs, in regulating the adipogenic differentiation of intramuscular preadipocytes remain largely unclear. Results In the present study, a whole transcriptome sequencing and analysis, including the analysis of mRNAs, circRNAs, lncRNAs and miRNAs, during different differentiation stages (0, 3, 6, and 9 d) of intramuscular preadipocytes from Qinchuan cattle was performed. All samples were prepared with 3 biological replicates. Here, a total of 27,153 mRNAs, 14,070 circRNAs, 7035 lncRNAs, and 427 miRNAs were annotated. Among them, we identified 4848 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEMs), 181 DE circRNAs (DECs), 501 DE lncRNAs (DELs) and 77 DE miRNAs (DEmiRs) between 0 d and other differentiation days (3, 6, and 9 d). GO and KEGG functional enrichment analyses showed that these differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in cell differentiation, fat metabolism and adipogenesis-related pathways. Furthermore, weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) and co-expression network analysis screened out multiple important mRNAs, circRNAs and lncRNAs related to intramuscular adipogenesis. Based on the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory mechanism, we finally identified 24 potential ceRNA networks and 31 potential key genes, including FOXO1/miR-330/circRNA2018/MSTRG.20301, GPAM/miR-27b/ciRNA489 and SESN3/miR-433/circRNA2627MSTRG.20342. Conclusions This study provides new insights into the differential expression patterns of different transcript types (i.e., mRNAs, circRNAs, lncRNAs and miRNAs) in intramuscular preadipocyte differentiation. Our findings provide data support for studying the molecular mechanism of key mRNAs and noncoding RNAs in IMF deposition, and provide new candidate markers for the molecular breeding of beef cattle. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08911-z.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinhao Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chugang Mei
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China. .,National Beef Cattle Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Linsen Zan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China. .,National Beef Cattle Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhang M, Zhu Y, Zhu J, Xie Y, Wu R, Zhong J, Qiu Z, Jiang L. circ_0086296 induced atherosclerotic lesions via the IFIT1/STAT1 feedback loop by sponging miR-576-3p. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:80. [PMID: 36138395 PMCID: PMC9502643 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00372-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive inflammation of endothelial cells (ECs) facilitates atherosclerotic lesion formation. Circular RNA (circRNA) participates in atherosclerosis (AS)-related inflammation responses; however, whether and how circ_0086296 regulates atherosclerotic inflammation and lesions have not been investigated. Microarray analysis, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and fluorescence in situ hybridization assay were performed to detect the expression and location of hsa_circ_0086296 in human carotid artery plaques, aorta of atherosclerotic mice, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Sanger sequencing was used to verify the loop structure of circ_0086296. The relationship among circ_0086296, miR-576-3p, IFIT1, STAT1, and EIF4A3 was validated using bioinformatics, luciferase assay, RNA pull-down assay, and RNA immunoprecipitation. The atherosclerosis mouse model was used to evaluate the function of circ_0086296 in vivo. circ_0086296 expression was significantly upregulated in human carotid artery plaques, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-treated HUVECs, and the aorta of atherosclerotic mice. Functional analysis indicated that circ_0086296 promotes ECs injury in vitro and atherosclerosis progression in vivo. The mechanism analysis indicated that circ_0086296 sponged miR-576-3p to promote IFIT1–STAT1 expression. Moreover, STAT1 upregulated circ_0086296 expression, forming the circ_0086296/miR-576-3p/IFIT1/STAT1 feedback loop. Notably, inhibition of the circ_0086296/miR-576-3p/IFIT1 axis could block atherosclerotic lesion formation both in vivo and in vitro. Finally, circ_0086296 was overexpressed in exosomes of patients with atherosclerosis and exosomes of ox-LDL-treated ECs. Therefore, the circ_0086296/miR-576-3p/IFIT1/STAT1 feedback loop participates in atherosclerosis progression and contributes to the high circ_0086296 expression observed in the exosomes of serum of patients with atherosclerosis. This study sought to provide a deep understanding of the mechanisms underlying the aberrant EC phenotype in AS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Division of Cardiology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yiqian Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Xie
- Division of Cardiology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruihao Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - JiaYin Zhong
- Division of Cardiology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaohui Qiu
- Division of Cardiology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Li Jiang
- Division of Cardiology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wu HZ, Li LY, Jiang SL, Li YZ, Shi XM, Sun XY, Li Z, Cheng Y. RSK2 promotes melanoma cell proliferation and vemurafenib resistance via upregulating cyclin D1. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:950571. [PMID: 36210843 PMCID: PMC9541206 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.950571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BRAF inhibitors are commonly used in targeted therapies for melanoma patients harboring BRAFV600E mutant. Despite the benefit of vemurafenib therapy, acquired resistance during or after treatment remains a major obstacle in BRAFV600E mutant melanoma. Here we found that RSK2 is overexpressed in melanoma cells and the high expression of RSK2 indicates poor overall survival (OS) in melanoma patients. Overexpression of RSK2 leads to vemurafenib resistance, and the deletion of RSK2 inhibits cell proliferation and sensitizes melanoma cells to vemurafenib. Mechanistically, RSK2 enhances the phosphorylation of FOXO1 by interacting with FOXO1 and promoting its subsequent degradation, leading to upregulation of cyclin D1 in melanoma cells. These results not only reveal the presence of a RSK2-FOXO1-cyclin D1 signaling pathway in melanoma, but also provide a potential therapeutic strategy to enhance the efficacy of vemurafenib against cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Zhou Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lan-Ya Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shi-Long Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi-Zhi Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Cheng, ; Zhuo Li,
| | - Yan Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Cheng, ; Zhuo Li,
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
RNA methylation in immune cells. Adv Immunol 2022; 155:39-94. [PMID: 36357012 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
|
28
|
An Overview of the Advances in Research on the Molecular Function and Specific Role of Circular RNA in Cardiovascular Diseases. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:5154122. [PMID: 36033554 PMCID: PMC9410782 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5154122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the rate of residents suffering from cardiovascular disease (CVD), disability, and death has risen significantly. The latest report on CVD in China shows that it still has the highest mortality rate of all diseases in that country. Different from linear RNA, circular RNA (circRNA) is a covalently closed transcript, mainly through reverse splicing so that the 3′end and the 5′end are covalently connected to form a closed loop structure. It is structurally stable and abundant and has distinct tissue or cell specificity, and it is widely distributed in eukaryotes. Although circRNAs were discovered many years ago, researchers have only recently begun to slowly discover their extensive expression and regulatory functions in various biological processes. Studies have found that some circRNAs perform multiple functions in cells more used as RNA binding protein or microRNA sponge. In addition, accumulating evidence shows that the first change that occurs in patients with various metabolic diseases such as hypertension and cardiovascular disease is dysregulated circRNA expression. For cardiovascular and other related blood vessels, circRNA is one of the important causes of various complications. These findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding and grasp of CVD, and the related molecular mechanisms of CVD should be further analyzed. Here, we review the new understanding of circRNAs in CVD and explain the role of these innovative biomarkers in the analysis and determination of other related cardiovascular events such as coronary heart disease. Thus, this study is aimed at providing new ideas and proposing more feasible medical research strategies based on circRNA.
Collapse
|
29
|
Wang Y, Pei W, Lu P. Circ_ARHGAP32 acts as miR-665 sponge to upregulate FGF2 to promote ox-LDL induced vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation and migration. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2022; 82:169-182. [PMID: 35662113 DOI: 10.3233/ch-221469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Circular RNA (circRNA) is considered to be an important regulator of human diseases, including atherosclerosis (AS). However, the role of circ_ARHGAP32 in AS formation needs further confirmation. OBJECTIVE: To explore the role of circ_ARHGAP32 in AS formation. METHODS: Oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) was used to treat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to mimic AS cell models in vitro. The expression of circ_ARHGAP32, microRNA (miR)-665, and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. VSMCs function was measured by EdU assay, cell counting kit 8 assay and transwell assay. Protein expression was determined using western blot analysis. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull-down assay were performed to verify RNA interaction. RESULTS: Circ_ARHGAP32 was highly expressed in AS patients and ox-LDL-induced VSMCs. Knockdown of circ_ARHGAP32 repressed ox-LDL-induced proliferation and migration in VSMCs. Circ_ARHGAP32 sponged miR-665 to positively regulate FGF2. MiR-665 inhibitor reversed the regulation of sh-circ_ARHGAP32 on ox-LDL-induced VSMCs proliferation and migration. MiR-665 also had a suppressive effect on the proliferation and migration of ox-LDL-induced VSMCs, and this effect could be reversed by FGF2 overexpression. CONCLUSIONS: Circ_ARHGAP32 might be a potential target for AS treatment, which promoted ox-LDL-induced VSMCs proliferation and migration by regulating miR-665/FGF2 network.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yisheng Wang
- Department of Dardiology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Pei
- Department of Dardiology, Jing’an Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Lu
- Department of Dardiology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Tong KL, Tan KE, Lim YY, Tien XY, Wong PF. CircRNA-miRNA interactions in atherogenesis. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:2703-2733. [PMID: 35604519 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04455-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the major cause of coronary artery disease (CAD) which includes unstable angina, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. The onset of atherogenesis, a process of atherosclerotic lesion formation in the intima of arteries, is driven by lipid accumulation, a vicious cycle of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions leading to endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction, vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) activation, and foam cell formation which further fuel plaque formation and destabilization. In recent years, there is a surge in the number of publications reporting the involvement of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, cancers, and metabolic syndromes. These studies have advanced our understanding on the biological functions of circRNAs. One of the most common mechanism of action of circRNAs reported is the sponging of microRNAs (miRNAs) by binding to the miRNAs response element (MRE), thereby indirectly increases the transcription of their target messenger RNAs (mRNAs). Individual networks of circRNA-miRNA-mRNA associated with atherogenesis have been extensively reported, however, there is a need to connect these findings for a complete overview. This review aims to provide an update on atherogenesis-related circRNAs and analyze the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA interactions in atherogenesis. The atherogenic mechanisms and clinical relevance of each atherogenesis-related circRNA were systematically discussed for better understanding of the knowledge gap in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kind-Leng Tong
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ke-En Tan
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yat-Yuen Lim
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Xin-Yi Tien
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pooi-Fong Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ma J, Liu J, Li T, Ren J. Hsa_circ_0030042 Facilitates the Proliferation and Migration of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells via the miR-514a-3p/FOXO1 Axis. J Endovasc Ther 2022; 29:611-622. [PMID: 35382622 DOI: 10.1177/15266028211057086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Circular RNA (circRNA) has been proved to play a vital role in atherosclerosis (AS) progression, and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are involved in the progression of AS. However, the in-depth mechanism by which circRNA regulates VSMC proliferation and migration remains to be elusive. METHODS We used tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) to treat VSMCs to establish a cell model of AS. We used Cell Counting Kit-8, terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling, and transwell assays to assess the proliferation, apoptosis, and migration in TNF-α-induced VSMCs. Moreover, the interaction between molecules was measured by RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation, RNA pull-down, and luciferase reporter assays. RESULTS Our study found that a novel circRNA hsa_circ_0030042, which is derived from its host gene forkhead box O1 (FOXO1), was upregulated in TNF-α-induced VSMCs. Silencing of hsa_circ_0030042 inhibited proliferation and migration while promoting apoptosis in TNF-α-induced VSMCs. Mechanically, hsa_circ_0030042 positively regulated FOXO1 expression via sponging miR-514a-3p. CONCLUSIONS Our study stated the vital role of the hsa_circ_0030042/miR-514a-3p/FOXO1 axis and provides a profound understanding about the circRNA in AS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Ma
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tengfei Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianzhuang Ren
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wang X, Ma C, Hou X, Zhang G, Huang Y. Circular RNA circ_0002984 Promotes Cell Proliferation and Migration by Regulating miR-181b-5p/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Axis and PI3K-AKT Signaling Pathway in Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein-Treated Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2022; 79:501-511. [PMID: 34954748 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT RNAs (circRNAs) play critical roles in many diseases, including atherosclerosis (AS). However, the role and underlying mechanism of circ_0002984 in AS remain unclear. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) treated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) were used as a AS cell model. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was conducted to detect the expression of circ_0002984, miR-181b-5p and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA). Cell proliferation was evaluated by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine assays. Cell migration was assessed using wound healing assay and transwell assay. All protein levels were analyzed by western blot assay. The interaction between miR-181b-5p and circ_0002984 or VEGFA was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter, RNA Immunoprecipitation, and RNA pull-down assays. Circ_0002984 and VEGFA were overexpressed, and miR-181b-5p was downregulated in serum of AS patients and ox-LDL-stimulated VSMCs. Circ_0002984 silencing inhibited ox-LDL-induced proliferation and migration in VSMCs. MiR-181b-5p was a target of circ_0002984, and miR-181b-5p inhibition counteracted the suppressing effects of circ_0002984 downregulation on proliferation and migration in ox-LDL-stimulated VSMCs. Additionally, VEGFA was a downstream target of miR-181b-5p and VEGFA upregulation abolished the suppressive influence of miR-181b-5p on proliferation and migration in ox-LDL-exposed VSMCs. Furthermore, circ_0002984 depletion blocked phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase-AKT signaling pathway by regulating miR-181b-5p and VEGFA. Circ_0002984 downregulation suppressed cell proliferation and migration by regulating miR-181b-5p/VEGFA axis and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase-AKT pathway in ox-LDL-stimulated VEGFA, providing a new mechanism for AS pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chong Ma
- Cardiology, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Haerbin City, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | | | - Ge Zhang
- Departments of Geriatric Neurology; and
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Huang X, Zhao Y, Zhou H, Li Y. Circular RNAs in atherosclerosis. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 531:71-80. [PMID: 35339453 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory lesion of the arterial vessel wall caused by a variety of complex factors. Furthermore, it is a major cause of cardiovascular disease and a leading cause of death. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a new family of endogenous non-coding RNAs with unique covalently closed loops that have sparked interest due to their unique characteristics and potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications in various diseases. A growing number of studies have shown that circRNAs can be used as biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of AS. In this article, we review the biogenesis, classification as well as functions of circRNA and summarize the research on circRNA as a diagnostic biomarker for AS. Finally, we describe the regulatory capacity of circRNA in AS pathogenesis through its pathogenesis and demonstrate the potential therapeutic role of circRNA for AS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoni Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology and Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510630, PR China
| | - Yuwen Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology and Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510630, PR China
| | - Huijiao Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology and Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510630, PR China
| | - Yongqiang Li
- Department of General Practice, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510630, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
He X, Li X, Han Y, Chen G, Xu T, Cai D, Sun Y, Wang S, Lai Y, Teng Z, Huang S, Liao W, Liao Y, Bin J, Xiu J. CircRNA Chordc1 protects mice from abdominal aortic aneurysm by contributing to the phenotype and growth of vascular smooth muscle cells. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 27:81-98. [PMID: 34938608 PMCID: PMC8649900 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have important potential in modulating vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) activity, but their roles in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) are unknown. We performed in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry and determined that circChordc1 (cysteine and histidine-rich domain containing 1) was markedly downregulated in aneurysm tissue compared with normal arteries. A gene gain and loss strategy was used to confirm that circChordc1 transformed VSMCs into a contracted phenotype and improved their growth, which significantly suppressed aneurysm formation and reduced the risk of rupture in mouse models of angiotensin (Ang) II- and CaCl2-induced AAA. RNA pull-down, immunoprecipitation, and immunoblotting indicated that circChordc1 facilitated the VSMC phenotype and growth determination by binding to vimentin and ANXA2 (annexin A2), which not only increased vimentin phosphorylation to promote its degradation but also promoted the interaction between ANXA2 and glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) to induce the nuclear entry of β-catenin. Thus, our present study revealed that circChordc1 optimized the VSMC phenotype and improved their growth by inducing vimentin degradation and increasing the activity of the GSK3β/β-catenin pathway, thereby extenuating vascular wall remodeling and reversing pathological aneurysm progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang He
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinzhong Li
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Han
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guojun Chen
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, China
| | - Tong Xu
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, China
| | - Donghua Cai
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yili Sun
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, China
| | - Shifei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanxian Lai
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, 1 Panfu Road, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Zhonghua Teng
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, China
| | - Senlin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, China
| | - Wangjun Liao
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yulin Liao
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianping Bin
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiancheng Xiu
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Circular RNAs: regulators of vascular smooth muscle cells in cardiovascular diseases. J Mol Med (Berl) 2022; 100:519-535. [DOI: 10.1007/s00109-022-02186-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
36
|
Hou X, Dai H, Zheng Y. Circular RNA hsa_circ_0008896 accelerates atherosclerosis by promoting the proliferation, migration and invasion of vascular smooth muscle cells via hsa-miR-633/CDC20B (cell division cycle 20B) axis. Bioengineered 2022; 13:5987-5998. [PMID: 35212610 PMCID: PMC8973975 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2039467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs, a class of circularly closed non-coding RNAs, play essential roles in the formation of atherosclerosis, which is a frequent cause of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Although many circular RNAs are found to be involved in the progression of atherosclerosis, more circular RNA regulators still need to be identified, to improve the understanding of the regulatory networks of atherosclerosis. Here, we found that hsa_circ_0008896 was significantly up-regulated in both in vitro and in vivo atherosclerosis models, indicating hsa_circ_0008896 was involved in the progression of atherosclerosis. Further functional analyses confirmed that knockdown of hsa_circ_0008896 decreased proliferation, migration, and invasion of VSMCs. In addition, we conducted bioinformatics analysis and found that hsa-miR-633 could directly bind to hsa_circ_0008896, which was confirmed by RNA immune-precipitation (RIP) assays. Results of proliferation, migration, and invasion assays showed that hsa-miR-633 inhibitor reversed the si-circ_0008896 phenotypes, indicating that hsa_circ_0008896 functionally bound to hsa-miR-633. At last, combining bioinformatics and experimental analyses, we found the protein target of hsa_circ_0008896/hsa-miR-633, CDC20B (cell division cycle 20B). The expression level of CDC20B was regulated by hsa-miR-633, and knockdown of CDC20B decreased proliferation, migration, and invasion of VSMCs. Taken together, hsa_circ_0008896 regulated the expression of CDC20B by sponging hsa-miR-633, and then enhanced proliferation, migration, and invasion of VSMCs to promote the progression of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xumin Hou
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huangdong Dai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Li Y, Wang B. Circular RNA circCHFR downregulation protects against oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced endothelial injury via regulation of microRNA-15b-5p/growth arrest and DNA damage inducible gamma. Bioengineered 2022; 13:4481-4492. [PMID: 35137664 PMCID: PMC8973773 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2032967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of coronary heart disease. In recent years, circ_0029589 (circCHFR) has been found to be associated with atherosclerosis development. However, the molecular mechanism of circCHFR action in atherosclerosis development is unknown. This study was aimed to investigate the function and action mechanism of circCHFR in atherosclerosis development. An atherosclerosis cell model was created by exposing human vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) to oxidized low-density lipoprotein. The expression of circCHFR, microRNA(miR)-15b-5p, growth arrest and DNA damage inducible gamma (GADD45G), and their associated proteins was evaluated using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. Additionally, cell viability, apoptosis, and cytokine levels were determined using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) assay, flow cytometry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. circCHFR expression was upregulated in patients with atherosclerosis and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-exposed HUVECs, whereas miR-15b-5p expression was downregulated. circCHFR silencing significantly improved viability and reduced apoptosis of HUVECs. In addition, the pro-apoptotic protein Bax and atherosclerosis-associated cytokines (interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α) were significantly downregulated, whereas the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was upregulated. Further, we discovered that circCHFR serves as a molecular sponge of miR-15b-5p. GADD45G was found to be an important target of miR-15b-5p; miR-15b-5p mimic inhibited GADD45G expression, reduced apoptosis and proinflammatory cytokine secretion, and improved cell survival. However, these effects of miR-15b-5p on (ox-LDL) induced HUVECs were reversed with GADD45G plasmid co-transfection. In conclusion, circCHFR promotes atherosclerosis progression via the miR-15b-5p/GADD45G axis and may be an important target for atherosclerosis treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Salami R, Salami M, Mafi A, Vakili O, Asemi Z. Circular RNAs and glioblastoma multiforme: focus on molecular mechanisms. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:13. [PMID: 35090496 PMCID: PMC8796413 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-021-00809-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), as a deadly and almost incurable brain cancer, is the most invasive form of CNS tumors that affects both children and adult population. It accounts for approximately half of all primary brain tumors. Despite the remarkable advances in neurosurgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapeutic approaches, cell heterogeneity and numerous genetic alterations in cell cycle control, cell growth, apoptosis, and cell invasion, result in an undesirable resistance to therapeutic strategies; thereby, the median survival duration for GBM patients is unfortunately still less than two years. Identifying new therapeutics and employing the combination therapies may be considered as wonderful strategies against the GBM. In this regard, circular RNAs (circRNAs), as tumor inhibiting and/or stimulating RNA molecules, can regulate the cancer-developing processes, including cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, invasion, and chemoresistance. Hereupon, these molecules have been introduced as potentially effective therapeutic targets to defeat GBM. The current study aims to investigate the fundamental molecular and cellular mechanisms in association with circRNAs involved in GBM pathogenesis. Among multiple mechanisms, the PI3K/Akt/mTOR, Wnt/β-catenin, and MAPK signaling, angiogenic processes, and metastatic pathways will be thoroughly discussed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of circRNAs in pathophysiology of GBM. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raziyeh Salami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Salami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Alireza Mafi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Omid Vakili
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Huang M, Dong Y, Sun G, Yu Y. Circ-Sirt1 inhibits vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation via the c-Myc/cyclin B1 axis. Cell Biol Int 2022; 46:628-636. [PMID: 34989469 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs)are an important cellular component of vascular wall. Restenosis is mainly due to VSMC excessive proliferation. However, little is known about the role of circRNAs in VSMC proliferation and phenotypic switching. Herein, using FISH assay and RT-qPCR, we found that circ-Sirt1 was markedly downregulated in neointimal formation after injury and in VSMCs treated with PDGF-BB. BrdU and MTT assays confirmed the inhibitory role of circ-Sirt1 on cell proliferation. Mechanistically, circ-Sirt1 was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of VSMCs. Through RIP and RNA pull-down assays, we found that circ-Sirt1 bound c-Myc, protein associated with proliferation of VSMCs. ChIP assay also provided evidence that the overexpression of circ-Sirt1 almost ceased PDGF-BB-induced binding of c-Myc to the promoter of cyclin B1 in VSMCs. These results indicated that circ-Sirt1 had an inhibitory effect on c-Myc activity, providing a mechanism for suppressing PDGF-BB-induced VSMC proliferation by direct interactions with c-Myc and its sequestration in the cytoplasm. Overall, our study demonstrated that a previously unrecognized circ-Sirt1/c-Myc/cyclin B1 axis in VSMCs mediates neointimal formation following injury. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minhua Huang
- Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Yujie Dong
- Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Guangbin Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Yuan Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Zhang Z, Guo R, Wang Y, Huang H, Liu J, Wang C, Wu H, Zou T. Diagnostic value of circRNAs as effective biomarkers in human cardiovascular disease: an updated meta-analysis. Int J Med Sci 2022; 19:446-459. [PMID: 35370465 PMCID: PMC8964318 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.67094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: A growing body of literature has demonstrated that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are the potential biomarkers in human cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therefore, a meta-analysis based on current studies was accomplished to appraise the role of circRNAs in the diagnostic of CVD patients. Methods: Studies before October 30, 2021, were searched using PubMed, EMBASE, the Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. The diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) with a confidence interval (CI) of 95% was used to investigate the associations between circRNAs and CVDs. Results: A total of 27 eligible articles were selected, including 47 studies, with 6833 participants meeting the criteria standard constrain. The pooled overall sensitivity and specificity for circRNAs expression profile in differentiating CVD patients from controls (non-CVDs or healthy subjects) were 0.81 (95%CI 0.78-0.83) and 0.74 (95%CI 0.68-0.78), respectively; the overall positive likelihood ratio was 3.1 (95%CI 2.5-3.7); the negative likelihood ratio was 0.26 (95%CI 0.22-0.31); the overall diagnostic odds ratio corresponding to an area under the curve of 0.85 (95%CI 0.81-0.88) was 12 (95%CI 9-16). Subgroup analysis indicated that the serum rather than blood has higher diagnostic accuracy. Likewise, meta-regression analysis demonstrated that the specimen, detection method, sample size, and publication year were the main sources of heterogeneity. Sensitivity analysis and Deeks' funnel plot revealed that our results are relatively robust. Conclusions: Our evidence-based analysis results suggested that circRNAs provide higher diagnostic accuracy in the prediction of CVDs. Thus, circRNAs might be potential biomarkers in CVDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhexiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Research in Maternal and Child Medicine and Birth Defects, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China.,Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Runmin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Research in Maternal and Child Medicine and Birth Defects, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Yuhui Wang
- Department of Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University (Longjiang Hospital of Shunde District), Foshan, China
| | - Hairong Huang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Chenfei Wang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Hongfu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Tangbin Zou
- Key Laboratory of Research in Maternal and Child Medicine and Birth Defects, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China.,Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wang M, Li C, Cai T, Zhang A, Cao J, Xin H. Circ_CHFR Promotes Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-BB-Induced Proliferation, Invasion, and Migration in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells via the miR-149-5p/NRP2 Axis. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2022; 79:e94-e102. [PMID: 33990513 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Circular RNA checkpoint with forkhead and ring finger domains (circ_CHFR) were reported to regulate vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) dysfunction during atherosclerosis (AS). However, the molecule mechanism of circ_CHFR in AS remains largely unclear. Human VSMCs (HVSMCs) were exposed to platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) in vitro. Levels of circ_CHFR, microRNA (miR)-149-5p, and neuropilin 2 (NRP2) were determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were analyzed using cell counting kit-8, colony formation, flow cytometry, wound healing, and transwell assays. The binding interaction between miR-149-5p and circ_CHFR or NRP2 was investigated using the dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation assays. Circ_CHFR was elevated in PDGF-BB-induced HVSMCs in a dose-independent manner. Silencing of circ_CHFR reversed PDGF-BB-evoked promotion of cell proliferation, migration and invasion, as well as suppression of cell apoptosis in HVSMCs. Mechanistically, circ_CHFR directly bound to miR-149-5p, and miR-149-5p inhibition attenuated the effects of circ_CHFR knockdown on PDGF-BB-induced HVSMCs. Besides, NRP2 was confirmed to be a target of miR-149-5p, and circ_CHFR could regulate NRP2 expression through sponging miR-149-5p. Moreover, miR-149-5p overexpression abolished PDGF-BB-triggered enhancement of cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by targeting NRP2. Circ_CHFR promoted the proliferation, invasion, and migration of PDGF-BB-induced HVSMCs through miR-149-5p/NRP2 axis, providing a new insight into the pathogenesis of AS and a potential therapeutic target for AS treatment.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Becaplermin/pharmacology
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Humans
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Neuropilin-2/genetics
- Neuropilin-2/metabolism
- RNA, Circular/genetics
- RNA, Circular/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chengliang Li
- General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710077, Shaanxi, China
| | | | - Anji Zhang
- Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine; and
| | | | - Hong Xin
- Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine; and
- General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710077, Shaanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Ye S, Yousuf A, McVey D. Relationship between red meat metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide and cardiovascular disease. HEART AND MIND 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/hm.hm_8_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
43
|
Zhang F, Guo X, Xia Y, Mao L. An update on the phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 79:6. [PMID: 34936041 PMCID: PMC11072026 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04079-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are involved in phenotypic switching in atherosclerosis. This switching is characterized by VSMC dedifferentiation, migration, and transdifferentiation into other cell types. VSMC phenotypic transitions have historically been considered bidirectional processes. Cells can adopt a physiological contraction phenotype or an alternative "synthetic" phenotype in response to injury. However, recent studies, including lineage tracing and single-cell sequencing studies, have shown that VSMCs downregulate contraction markers during atherosclerosis while adopting other phenotypes, including macrophage-like, foam cell, mesenchymal stem-like, myofibroblast-like, and osteochondral-like phenotypes. However, the molecular mechanism and processes regulating the switching of VSMCs at the onset of atherosclerosis are still unclear. This systematic review aims to review the critical outstanding challenges and issues that need further investigation and summarize the current knowledge in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiaoqing Guo
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yuanpeng Xia
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Ling Mao
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
A novel circUBR4/miR-491-5p/NRP2 ceRNA network regulates oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced proliferation and migration in vascular smooth muscle cells. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 79:512-522. [PMID: 34935701 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play critical roles in the progression of atherosclerosis. Circular RNA (circRNA) ubiquitin protein ligase E3 component n-recognin 4 (circUBR4) has been shown to regulate VSMC migration and proliferation. Here, we sought to identify the mechanism in the regulation of circUBR4. CircUBR4, microRNA (miR)-491-5p and Neuropilin-2 (NRP2) were quantified by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot. Cell proliferation was evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and 5-Ethynyl-2'-Deoxyuridine (EDU) assays. Cell migration was examined by wound-healing and transwell invasion assays. The direct relationship between miR-491-5p and circUBR4 or NRP2 was validated by dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. Our data indicated that in VSMCs, ox-LDL induced circUBR4 expression. Silencing endogenous circUBR4 attenuated VSMC proliferation and migration induced by ox-LDL. Mechanistically, circUBR4 targeted miR-491-5p by pairing to miR-491-5p. Moreover, miR-491-5p was identified as a downstream mediator of circUBR4 function in ox-LDL-treated VSMCs. NRP2 was a direct target of miR-491-5p, and circUBR4 acted as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR-491-5p to regulate NRP2 expression. Additionally, NRP2 was a functionally downstream effector of miR-491-5p in regulating ox-LDL-evoked VSMC proliferation and migration. Our findings identify a new ceRNA network, the circUBR4/miR-491-5p/NRP2 axis, for the regulation of circUBR4 in VSMC migration and proliferation.
Collapse
|
45
|
Zheng X, Liu J, Gong X, Zhang X, Ma S. Circ_0002984 Enhances Growth, Invasion, and Migration in PDGF-bb-Induced Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Through miR-379-5p/FRS2 Axis. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 78:875-884. [PMID: 34882114 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The accumulation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is considered to play important roles in atherosclerosis (AS) development and progression. Circ_0002984 was found to be increased in oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) human VSMCs (HVSMCs). However, the function and mechanism of circ_0002984 in VSMC dysfunction remain unknown. In this study, the expression of circ_0002984, microRNA (miR)-379-5p, and fibroblast growth factor receptor substrate 2 (FRS2) was detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot. Cell proliferation, cell cycle, migration, and invasion were detected using Cell Counting Kit-8, flow cytometry, and transwell assays. The binding interaction between miR-379-5p and circ_0002984 or FRS2 was confirmed by the dual-luciferase reporter assay. Collectively, this study found that circ_0002984 was elevated in platelet-derived growth factor type bb (PDGF-bb)-induced HVSMCs. Circ_0002984 knockdown abrogated PDGF-bb-induced proliferation, migration, and invasion in HVSMCs. Mechanistically, circ_0002984 was confirmed to target miR-379-5p, and miR-379-5p upregulation reversed the protective effects of circ_0002984 knockdown on PDGF-bb-induced HVSMCs. Besides, when FRS2 was a target of miR-379-5p, miR-379-5p restoration abolished PDGF-bb-evoked HVSMC dysfunction, which was attenuated by the overexpression of FRS2. Moreover, circ_0002984 could regulate FRS2 expression through sponging miR-379-5p in HVSMCs. Collectively, these results demonstrated that circ_0002984 promoted PDGF-bb-induced VSMC proliferation, migration, and invasion through the regulation of miR-379-5p/FRS2 axis, suggesting a new insight into the pathogenesis of AS and the potential application of circ_0002984 in AS treatment.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Becaplermin/pharmacology
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Humans
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- RNA, Circular/genetics
- RNA, Circular/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangni Zheng
- Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular Department, Qingyang People's Hospital of Qingyang City, Qingyang, Gansu, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Radiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xuepeng Gong
- Imaging Department, PLA Air Force 986 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Hemodialysis, Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang, China ; and
| | - Shengting Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, The Fouth People's Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Lu Q, Li Y, Lou J, Li P, Gu Y, Wang X. Circ-CHFR modulates the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ox-LDL-induced human aorta vascular smooth muscle cells through the miR-214-3p/PAPPA axis. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2021; 80:399-412. [PMID: 34842180 DOI: 10.3233/ch-211288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are associated with the pathogenesis of human diseases, including atherosclerosis. Here, we undertook to investigate the biological role and mechanism of circRNA E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase (circ-CHFR) in atherosclerosis. The expression levels of circ-CHFR, miR-214-3p, and pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPPA) were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot in human aorta vascular smooth muscle cells (HA-VSMCs) exposed to oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion capabilities were assessed by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazol-3-ium bromide (MTT), and transwell assays, respectively. The relationship between miR-214-3p and circ-CHFR or PAPPA was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. Our data showed that circ-CHFR was upregulated in HA-VSMCs after stimulation with ox-LDL. Downregulation of circ-CHFR inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HA-VSMCs exposed to ox-LDL. Mechanistically, circ-CHFR acted as a miR-214-3p sponge, and miR-214-3p was a molecular mediator of circ-CHFR regulation in ox-LDL-stimulated HA-VSMCs. PAPPA was a miR-214-3p target, and circ-CHFR regulated the expression of PAPPA by sponging miR-214-3p. Moreover, overexpression of miR-214-3p repressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ox-LDL-induced HA-VSMCs by decreasing PAPPA expression. Our findings suggest that the circ-CHFR/miR-214-3p/PAPPA axis regulates ox-LDL-induced proliferation, migration, and invasion in HA-VSMCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Lu
- Third Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi City, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Emergency, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of TCM, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiaping Lou
- Department of Cardiology, Yuquan Hospital of Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Pingzhen Li
- Third Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi City, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yi Gu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Jiangbei People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xianghai Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Yijishan Hospital of Wan Nan Medical College, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
MicroRNAs associated with signaling pathways and exercise adaptation in sarcopenia. Life Sci 2021; 285:119926. [PMID: 34480932 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Considering the expansion of human life-span over the past few decades; sarcopenia, a physiological consequence of aging process characterized with a diminution in mass and strength of skeletal muscle, has become more frequent. Thus, there is a growing need for expanding our knowledge on the molecular mechanisms of muscle atrophy in sarcopenia which are complex and involve many signaling pathways associated with protein degradation and synthesis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) as evolutionary conserved small RNAs, could complementarily bind to their target mRNAs and post-transcriptionally inhibit their translation. Aberrant expression of miRNAs contributes to the development of sarcopenia by regulating the expression of critical genes involved in age-related skeletal muscle mass loss. Here we have a review on the signaling pathways along with the miRNAs controlling their components expression and subsequently we provide a brief overview on the effects of exercise on expression pattern of miRNAs in sarcopenia.
Collapse
|
48
|
Miao R, Qi C, Fu Y, Wang Y, Lang Y, Liu W, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Liu A, Chai H, Zhang Y, Song Y, Lu X. Silencing of circARHGAP12 inhibits the progression of atherosclerosis via miR-630/EZH2/TIMP2 signal axis. J Cell Physiol 2021; 237:1057-1069. [PMID: 34750830 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a common disease that seriously threatens human health. So far, the pathogenesis of AS has not been fully understood. This project investigates the effects of circARHGAP12 on AS and its regulatory mechanism. ApoE-/- knockout mice (ApoE) were adopted and reared with a high-fat diet to construct an AS model. Lentivirus was established to knock down the expression of circARHGAP12 in mice. After 12 weeks, the aorta was removed and the expression of circARHGAP12 was detected. Vascular oil red O staining was used to detect the degree of AS. The expression of inflammatory factors was detected by ELISA. Aortic smooth muscle cells (MASMCs) were cultured to evaluate the effects of circARHGAP12 on the phenotype of MASMCs. RNA pull-down and luciferase assay were used to verify the downstream target genes of circARHGAP12. In addition, the effects of circARHGAP12 on MASMCs proliferation and migration were detected by MTT and transwell assay. Compared with the normal group, the expression of circARHGAP12 in the MASMCs under ox-LDL treatment was elevated, and circARHGAP12 silencing could inhibit AS in vitro and in vivo. The results of the mechanism study showed that circARHGAP12 can directly bind with miR-630. In addition, miR-630 can also target EZH2 to modulate the transcription of TIMP2 and to influence the migration of MASMCs. circARHGAP12 is upregulated in AS. CircARHGAP12 knockdown can inhibit the progression of AS. This study expands on the role of circRNA in AS and provides potential targets for the treatment of AS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renying Miao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chaoran Qi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yiqun Fu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yanjun Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yuchang Lang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wanli Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yifei Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhimin Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ankang Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hao Chai
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yonggan Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yan Song
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiubo Lu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Xiao W, Li J, Hu J, Wang L, Huang JR, Sethi G, Ma Z. Circular RNAs in cell cycle regulation: Mechanisms to clinical significance. Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e13143. [PMID: 34672397 PMCID: PMC8666285 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a type of non‐coding RNA, are single‐stranded circularized molecules characterized by high abundance, evolutionary conservation and cell development‐ and tissue‐specific expression. A large body of studies has found that circRNAs exert a wide variety of functions in diverse biological processes, including cell cycle. The cell cycle is controlled by the coordinated activation and deactivation of cell cycle regulators. CircRNAs exert mutifunctional roles by regulating gene expression via various mechanisms. However, the functional relevance of circRNAs and cell cycle regulation largely remains to be elucidated. Herein, we briefly describe the biogenesis and mechanistic models of circRNAs and summarize their functions and mechanisms in the regulation of critical cell cycle modulators, including cyclins, cyclin‐dependent kinases and cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitors. Moreover, we highlight the participation of circRNAs in cell cycle‐related signalling pathways and the clinical value of circRNAs as promising biomarkers or therapeutic targets in diseases related to cell cycle disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xiao
- Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Juan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - June Hu
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhaowu Ma
- Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Qiu Y, Xing Z, Guo Z, Liu Z. Upregulation of AQP2 mediated by transcription factor FOXO1 inhibits TGF-β-induced fibrosis in human urothelial cells. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1388. [PMID: 34650636 PMCID: PMC8506930 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) is a common urological disease, and inhibition of TGF-β-induced bladder tissue fibrosis may serve as an alternative strategy for BOO treatment. Aquaporin (AQP)2 was reported to be aberrantly expressed in rat BOO, but its specific role was not clarified. The aim of the present study was to explore the role of AQP2 in TGF-β-induced urothelial cell fibrosis and elucidate the potential underlying mechanism. The SV-HUC-1 human urinary tract epithelial cell line was treated with TGF-β1 to establish an in vitro model of bladder fibrosis. Cell Counting Kit-8 and wound healing assays were performed to measure cell viability and migration, respectively. Cell transfection was conducted to silence/overexpress AQP2 and Forkhead box O1 (FOXO1). Protein expression was measured using western blotting. Luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were used to verify the predicted interaction between AQP2 and FOXO1. The present study found that AQP2 expression was downregulated in TGF-β1-treated urothelial cells. Overexpression of AQP2 significantly suppressed cell viability, migration and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in TGF-β1-treated SV-HUC-1 cells. In addition, FOXO1 overexpression exerted similar effects as AQP2 overexpression on TGF-β-treated SV-HUC-1 cells, but these changes were partially abolished by AQP2 knockdown. It was also found that FOXO1 was able to bind to the AQP2 promoter and regulate AQP2 expression. In conclusion, the transcription factor FOXO1 may upregulate AQP2 expression, thereby inhibiting TGF-β-induced fibrosis in human urothelial cells. The findings of the present study may provide a novel potential strategy for the clinical treatment of BOO by targeting AQP2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Qiu
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoquan Xing
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoxin Guo
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoxu Liu
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|