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Roumelioti F, Tzaferis C, Konstantopoulos D, Papadopoulou D, Prados A, Sakkou M, Liakos A, Chouvardas P, Meletakos T, Pandis Y, Karagianni N, Denis MC, Fousteri M, Armaka M, Kollias G. Mir221/222 drive synovial hyperplasia and arthritis by targeting cell cycle inhibitors and chromatin remodeling components. eLife 2024; 13:e84698. [PMID: 39235454 PMCID: PMC11377061 DOI: 10.7554/elife.84698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
miRNAs constitute fine-tuners of gene expression and are implicated in a variety of diseases spanning from inflammation to cancer. miRNA expression is deregulated in rheumatoid arthritis (RA); however, their specific role in key arthritogenic cells such as the synovial fibroblast (SF) remains elusive. Previous studies have shown that Mir221/222 expression is upregulated in RA SFs. Here, we demonstrate that TNF and IL-1β but not IFN-γ activated Mir221/222 gene expression in murine SFs. SF-specific overexpression of Mir221/222 in huTNFtg mice led to further expansion of SFs and disease exacerbation, while its total ablation led to reduced SF expansion and attenuated disease. Mir221/222 overexpression altered the SF transcriptional profile igniting pathways involved in cell cycle and ECM (extracellular matrix) regulation. Validation of targets of Mir221/222 revealed cell cycle inhibitors Cdkn1b and Cdkn1c, as well as the epigenetic regulator Smarca1. Single-cell ATAC-seq data analysis revealed increased Mir221/222 gene activity in pathogenic SF subclusters and transcriptional regulation by Rela, Relb, Junb, Bach1, and Nfe2l2. Our results establish an SF-specific pathogenic role of Mir221/222 in arthritis and suggest that its therapeutic targeting in specific subpopulations could lead to novel fibroblast-targeted therapies.
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Grants
- 115142-2 BTCure Innovative Medicines Initiative
- MIS 5002135 ΙnfrafrontierGR Operational Programme "Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship and Innovation", NSRF 2014-2020, ERDF, EU/Greece
- MIS 6004752 Regional Operational Programme "ATTICA" (NSRF 2021-2027), ERDF, Greece/EU
- HFRI-FM17C3-3780, SingleOut Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation
- 10.3030/101055093 HORIZON EUROPE European Research Council
- MIS 5002802 pMedGR Operational Programme "Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship and Innovation", NSRF 2014-2020, ERDF, EU/Greece
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Affiliation(s)
- Fani Roumelioti
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Centre (BSRC) "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Greece
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Tzaferis
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Centre (BSRC) "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Greece
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Konstantopoulos
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Centre (BSRC) "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Greece
| | - Dimitra Papadopoulou
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Centre (BSRC) "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Greece
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Alejandro Prados
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Centre (BSRC) "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Greece
| | - Maria Sakkou
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Centre (BSRC) "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Greece
- Center of New Biotechnologies & Precision Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasios Liakos
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Chouvardas
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Centre (BSRC) "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Greece
| | - Theodore Meletakos
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Greece
| | - Yiannis Pandis
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Centre (BSRC) "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Greece
| | | | | | - Maria Fousteri
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Greece
| | - Maria Armaka
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Greece
| | - George Kollias
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Centre (BSRC) "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Greece
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Center of New Biotechnologies & Precision Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
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2
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Gil-Cabrerizo P, Simon-Yarza T, Garbayo E, Blanco-Prieto MJ. Navigating the landscape of RNA delivery systems in cardiovascular disease therapeutics. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 208:115302. [PMID: 38574952 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) stand as the leading cause of death worldwide, posing a significant global health challenge. Consequently, the development of innovative therapeutic strategies to enhance CVDs treatment is imperative. RNA-based therapies, encompassing non-coding RNAs, mRNA, aptamers, and CRISPR/Cas9 technology, have emerged as promising tools for addressing CVDs. However, inherent challenges associated with RNA, such as poor cellular uptake, susceptibility to RNase degradation, and capture by the reticuloendothelial system, underscore the necessity of combining these therapies with effective drug delivery systems. Various non-viral delivery systems, including extracellular vesicles, lipid-based carriers, polymeric and inorganic nanoparticles, as well as hydrogels, have shown promise in enhancing the efficacy of RNA therapeutics. In this review, we offer an overview of the most relevant RNA-based therapeutic strategies explored for addressing CVDs and emphasize the pivotal role of delivery systems in augmenting their effectiveness. Additionally, we discuss the current status of these therapies and the challenges that hinder their clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Gil-Cabrerizo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, C/Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Teresa Simon-Yarza
- Université Paris Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, INSERM U1148, X. Bichat Hospital, Paris 75018, France
| | - Elisa Garbayo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, C/Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - María J Blanco-Prieto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, C/Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
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3
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Richards AM, Wang P, Wong LL. 'Micro'-managing heart failure: Restoring that which was lost in translation. Eur J Heart Fail 2024. [PMID: 38439569 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.3188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Mark Richards
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Christchurch Heart Institute, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Peipei Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lee Lee Wong
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore
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4
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Wong LL, Fadzil AB, Chen Q, Rademaker MT, Charles CJ, Richards AM, Wang P. Interrogating the Role of miR-125b and Its 3'isomiRs in Protection against Hypoxia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16015. [PMID: 37958999 PMCID: PMC10650460 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242116015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
MiR-125b has therapeutic potential in the amelioration of myocardial ischemic injury. MicroRNA isomiRs, with either 5' or 3' addition or deletion of nucleotide(s), have been reported from next-generation sequencing data (NGS). However, due to technical challenges, validation and functional studies of isomiRs are few. In this study, we discovered using NGS, four 3'isomiRs of miR-125b, i.e., addition of A (adenosine), along with deletions of A, AG (guanosine) and AGU (uridine) from rat and sheep heart. These findings were validated using RT-qPCR. Comprehensive functional studies were carried out in the H9C2 hypoxia model. After miR-125b, isomiRs of Plus A, Trim A, AG and AGU mimic transfection, the H9C2 cells were subjected to hypoxic challenge. As assessed using cell viability, apoptosis, CCK-8 and LDH release, miR-125b and isomiRs were all protective against hypoxia. However, Plus A and Trim A were more effective than miR-125b, whilst Trim AG and Trim AGU had far weaker effects than miR-125b. Interestingly, both the gene regulation profile and apoptotic gene validation indicated a major overlap among miR-125b, Plus A and Trim A, whilst Trims AG and AGU revealed a different profile compared to miR-125b. Conclusions: miR-125b and its 3' isomiRs are expressed stably in the heart. miR-125b and isomiRs with addition or deletion of A might function concurrently and concordantly under specific physiological and pathophysiological conditions. In-depth understanding of isomiRs' metabolism and function will contribute to better miRNA therapeutic drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Lee Wong
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Health System, Singapore 117599, Singapore; (A.B.F.); (Q.C.); (A.M.R.)
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Azizah Binti Fadzil
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Health System, Singapore 117599, Singapore; (A.B.F.); (Q.C.); (A.M.R.)
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Qiying Chen
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Health System, Singapore 117599, Singapore; (A.B.F.); (Q.C.); (A.M.R.)
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Miriam T. Rademaker
- Christchurch Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch P.O. Box 4345, New Zealand;
| | - Christopher J. Charles
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Health System, Singapore 117599, Singapore; (A.B.F.); (Q.C.); (A.M.R.)
- Christchurch Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch P.O. Box 4345, New Zealand;
| | - Arthur Mark Richards
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Health System, Singapore 117599, Singapore; (A.B.F.); (Q.C.); (A.M.R.)
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Christchurch Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Otago-Christchurch, Christchurch P.O. Box 4345, New Zealand;
| | - Peipei Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Health System, Singapore 117599, Singapore; (A.B.F.); (Q.C.); (A.M.R.)
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
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5
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Elsakka EGE, Abulsoud AI, El-Mahdy HA, Ismail A, Elballal MS, Mageed SSA, Khidr EG, Mohammed OA, Sarhan OM, Elkhawaga SY, El-Husseiny AA, Abdelmaksoud NM, El-Demerdash AA, Shahin RK, Midan HM, Elrebehy MA, Doghish AA, Doghish AS. miRNAs orchestration of cardiovascular diseases - Particular emphasis on diagnosis, and progression. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154613. [PMID: 37327567 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs; miRs) are small non-coding ribonucleic acids sequences vital in regulating gene expression. They are significant in many biological and pathological processes and are even detectable in various body fluids such as serum, plasma, and urine. Research has demonstrated that the irregularity of miRNA in multiplying cardiac cells is linked to developmental deformities in the heart's structure. It has also shown that miRNAs are crucial in diagnosing and progressing several cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The review covers the function of miRNAs in the pathophysiology of CVD. Additionally, the review provides an overview of the potential role of miRNAs as disease-specific diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for human CVD, as well as their biological implications in CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsayed G E Elsakka
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I Abulsoud
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Hesham A El-Mahdy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Elballal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Sherif S Abdel Mageed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Emad Gamil Khidr
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Osama A Mohammed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Bisha University, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Omnia M Sarhan
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Samy Y Elkhawaga
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A El-Husseiny
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, 11829 Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Aya A El-Demerdash
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Reem K Shahin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Heba M Midan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Elrebehy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ayman A Doghish
- Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery, Ain-Shams University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt.
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6
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Wang X, Hu S, Zhu D, Li J, Cheng K, Liu G. Comparison of extruded cell nanovesicles and exosomes in their molecular cargos and regenerative potentials. NANO RESEARCH 2023; 16:7248-7259. [PMID: 37223430 PMCID: PMC9971669 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-023-5374-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) generated from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play an essential role in modulating cell-cell communication and tissue regeneration. The clinical translation of EVs is constrained by the poor yield of EVs. Extrusion has recently become an effective technique for producing a large scale of nanovesicles (NVs). In this study, we systematically compared MSC NVs (from extrusion) and EVs (from natural secretion). Proteomics and RNA sequencing data revealed that NVs resemble MSCs more closely than EVs. Additionally, microRNAs in NVs are related to cardiac repair, fibrosis repression, and angiogenesis. Lastly, intravenous delivery of MSC NVs improved heart repair and cardiac function in a mouse model of myocardial infarction. Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material (Figs. S1-S4) is available in the online version of this article at 10.1007/s12274-023-5374-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000 China
- Scientific Research Data Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000 China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury Repair Mechanism Study, Shijiazhuang, 050000 China
- Hebei International Joint Research Center for Structural Heart Disease, Shijiazhuang, 050000 China
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607 USA
| | - Shiqi Hu
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607 USA
| | - Dashuai Zhu
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607 USA
| | - Junlang Li
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607 USA
| | - Ke Cheng
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607 USA
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000 China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury Repair Mechanism Study, Shijiazhuang, 050000 China
- Hebei International Joint Research Center for Structural Heart Disease, Shijiazhuang, 050000 China
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7
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Ye F, Lu X, van Neck R, Jones DL, Feng Q. Novel circRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks regulated by maternal exercise in fetal hearts of pregestational diabetes. Life Sci 2023; 314:121308. [PMID: 36563841 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal exercise lowers the incidence of congenital heart defects (CHDs) induced by pregestational diabetes. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of maternal exercise remain unclear. The present study aimed to identify circular RNA (circRNA), microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA networks that are regulated by maternal exercise in fetal hearts of pregestational diabetes. METHODS Pregestational diabetes was induced in adult C57BL/6 female mice by streptozotocin. The expression profiles of circRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs in E10.5 fetal hearts of offspring of control and diabetic mothers with or without exercise were analyzed using next generation sequencing. circRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks in fetal hearts were mapped and key candidate transcripts were verified by qPCR analysis. RESULTS Pregestational diabetes dysregulated the expression of 206 circRNAs, 66 miRNAs and 391 mRNAs in fetal hearts. Maternal exercise differentially regulated 188 circRNAs, 57 miRNAs and 506 mRNAs in fetal hearts of offspring of pregestational diabetes. A total of 5 circRNAs, 12 miRNAs, and 28 mRNAs were incorporated into a final maternal exercise-associated regulatory network in fetal hearts of offspring of maternal diabetes. Notably, maternal exercise normalized the dysregulated circ_0003226/circ_0015638/miR-351-5p and circ_0002768/miR-3102-3p.2-3p pairs in fetal hearts of pregestational diabetes. CONCLUSION Maternal exercise reverses the dysregulated circ_0003226/circ_0015638/miR-351-5p and circ_0002768/miR-3102-3p.2-3p pairs, and partially normalizes circRNA, miRNA, and mRNA expression profiles in fetal hearts of pregestational diabetes. These findings shed new light on the potential mechanisms of the beneficial effects of maternal exercise on the developing heart in diabetic pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Ye
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Health Science Center, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangru Lu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ryleigh van Neck
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Douglas L Jones
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Qingping Feng
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada.
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8
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Deep sequencing unveils altered cardiac miRNome in congenital heart disease. Mol Genet Genomics 2022; 297:1123-1139. [PMID: 35668131 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-022-01908-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) surges from fetal cardiac dysmorphogenesis and chiefly contributes to perinatal morbidity and cardiovascular disease mortality. A continual rise in prevalence and prerequisite postoperative disease management creates need for better understanding and new strategies to control the disease. The interaction between genetic and non-genetic factors roots the multifactorial status of this disease, which remains incompletely explored. The small non-coding microRNAs (miRs, miRNAs) regulate several biological processes via post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Abnormal expression of miRs in developing and adult heart is associated with anomalous cardiac cell differentiation, cardiac dysfunction, and cardiovascular diseases. Here, we attempt to discover the changes in cardiac miRNA transcriptome in CHD patients over those without CHD (non-CHD) and find its role in CHD through functional annotation. This study explores the miRNome in three most commonly occurring CHD subtypes, namely atrial septal defect (ASD), ventricular septal defect (VSD), and tetralogy of fallot (TOF). We found 295 dysregulated miRNAs through high-throughput sequencing of the cardiac tissues. The bioinformatically predicted targets of these differentially expressed miRs were functionally annotated to know they were entailed in cell signal regulatory pathways, profoundly responsible for cell proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, migration and cell cycle regulation. Selective miRs (hsa-miR-221-3p, hsa-miR-218-5p, hsa-miR-873-5p) whose expression was validated by qRT-PCR, have been reported for cardiogenesis, cardiomyocyte proliferation, cardioprotection and cardiac dysfunction. These results indicate that the altered miRNome to be responsible for the disease status in CHD patients. Our data expand the existing knowledge on the epigenetic changes in CHD. In future, characterization of these cardiac-specific miRs will add huge potential to understand cardiac development, function, and molecular pathogenesis of heart diseases with a prospect of epigenetic manipulation for cardiac repair.
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LncRNA NORAD promotes the progression of myocardial infarction by targeting the miR-22-3p/PTEN axis. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2022; 54:463-473. [PMID: 35607965 PMCID: PMC9828058 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2022037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
NORAD is a newly identified long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) that plays an important role in cancers. NORAD has been found to be highly expressed in the mouse model of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the role of NORAD in the regulation of AMI remains unknown. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the function of NORAD in AMI and explore the potential regulatory mechanisms. A mouse model of AMI was established and NORAD was knocked-down. The infarcted size of heart tissues and the cardiac function were evaluated. In addition, two cardiomyocyte cell lines were treated with hypoxia/re-oxygenation (H/R) to mimic AMI . Luciferase reporter assay, RNA pull-down assay, fluorescence hybridization, qRT-PCR, and western blot analysis were performed. Apoptotic cells and the levels of L-lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were detected. Our results show that downregulation of NORAD efficiently attenuates heart damage in the AMI mouse model. NORAD interacts with miR-22-3p. Knock-down of NORAD inhibits H/R-induced cell apoptosis and reduces LDH and MDA levels, while its effects are abolished by miR-22-3p inhibitor. MiR-22-3p interacts with PTEN and inhibits its expression. Overexpression of miR-22-3p inhibits H/R-induced cell apoptosis and reduces LDH and MDA levels, while its effects are abolished by overexpression of PTEN. Finally, overexpression of NORAD inhibits the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, and its effects are attenuated by overexpression of miR-22-3p. Taken together, our study reveals that NORAD promotes the progression of AMI by regulating the miR-22-3p/PTEN axis, and the AKT/mTOR signaling may also be involved in the regulatory processes.
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10
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Zhou Y, Ng DY, Richards AM, Wang P. Loss of full-length pumilio 1 abrogates miRNA-221-induced gene p27 silencing-mediated cell proliferation in the heart. MOLECULAR THERAPY - NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 27:456-470. [PMID: 35036057 PMCID: PMC8728526 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Upregulated expression of microRNA (miR)-221 is associated with downregulation of p27 and subsequent increased cell proliferation in a variety of human cancers. It is unknown whether miR-221 mimics could trigger neoplastic cellular proliferation. In vitro, we demonstrated miR-221 significantly downregulates the expression of P27 and increases proliferation of H9c2 and cardiac fibroblasts. The knockdown of PUM1 but not PUM2 abolished such effects by miR-221, as verified by RT-qPCR and western blot, direct binding of p27 3′ UTR by luciferase reporter assay and cell proliferation by Ki67. In vivo expression of P27 in the rat liver, heart, kidney, spleen, and muscle were not affected by miR-221 at 1 and 4 mg/kg and concurrently full-length (FL) PUM1 (140 kDa) was not detected. Instead, isoforms of 105 and 90 kDa were observed and generated through alternative RNA slicing verified by cDNA cloning and sequencing and cathepsin K cleavage confirmed by studies with the inhibitor odanacatib. This is the first study to address the possible pro-proliferative effects of miR-221 mimic therapeutics in cardiovascular applications. Loss of FL PUM1 expression is a key factor abrogating miR-221-mediated p27 regulation, although other concurrent mechanisms cannot be excluded. Our findings provide essential insights into the context-dependent nature of miRNA functionality.
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Li J, Wang N, Nie H, Wang S, Jiang T, Ma X, Liu W, Tian K. Long Non-coding RNA RMST Worsens Ischemic Stroke via MicroRNA-221-3p/PIK3R1/TGF-β Signaling Pathway. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:2808-2821. [PMID: 35217983 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02632-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Much efforts have been made to probe the mechanism underlying ischemic stroke (IS). This study was proposed to uncover the role of long non-coding RNA rhabdomyosarcoma 2 related transcript (RMST) in IS through microRNA-221-3p (miR-221-3p)/phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1 (PIK3R1)/transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) axis. Neurological behavioral function, pathological changes in brain tissue, oxidative stress, and inflammation responses in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mice were tested. RMST, miR-221-3p, PIK3R1, and TGF-β signaling-related protein expression in brain tissues of MCAO mice were detected. RMST and PIK3R1 were elevated, miR-221-3p was downregulated, and TGF-β pathway was activated in mice after MCAO. Restored miR-221-3p or depleted RMST improved neurological behavioral functions, relieved pathological injury in brain tissue, and repressed oxidative stress and inflammation in mice after MCAO. Depleted PIK3R1 or restored miR-221-3p offsets the negative effects of overexpressed RMST on mice with MCAO. The present work highlights that RMST augments IS through reducing miR-221-3p-mediated regulation of PIK3R1 and activating TGF-β pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Huan Nie
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Tongtong Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xuehan Ma
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Wenjuan Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Kuo Tian
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150081, China.
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12
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LncRNA HOTTIP Knockdown Attenuates Acute Myocardial Infarction via Regulating miR-92a-2/c-Met Axis. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2022; 22:352-364. [PMID: 35044621 PMCID: PMC8907089 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-021-09717-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Increasing investigations have focused on long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in various human diseases, including acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Although lncRNA HOTTIP has been identified to play an important role in coronary artery diseases, its role and specific mechanism in AMI remain unclear. To investigate the potential role of HOTTIP in MI, HOTTIP expression in hypoxia-treated cardiomyocytes and myocardial tissues of MI mice was evaluated. The potential targets of HOTTIP and miR-92a-2 were predicted using Starbase and Targetscan. To further determine the cardio-protective effects of HOTTIP in vivo, si-HOTTIP and miR-92a-2 mimics were individually or co-injected into mice through intramyocardial injection. Moreover, their roles were further confirmed in rescue experiments. HOTTIP was significantly upregulated in ischemic myocardium of MI mice and hypoxia-induced cardiomyocytes. Moreover, HOTTIP knockdown markedly promoted cardiomyocyte growth and inhibited cardiomyocyte apoptosis in vitro. Luciferase reporter assay showed that HOTTIP could directly sponge miR-92a-2 to negatively regulate miR-92a-2 expression. In addition, c-Met was identified as a direct target of miR-92a-2, and their correlation was confirmed by luciferase reporter assay. MiR-92a-2 overexpression significantly enhanced the protective effect of HOTTIP knockdown against AMI through partially inhibiting c-Met expression. Our results demonstrated that HOTTIP downregulation attenuated AMI progression via the targeting miR-92a-2/c-Met axis and suggested that HOTTIP might be a potential therapeutic target for AMI.
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13
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HIF-1α overexpression in mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome-encapsulated arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD) hydrogels boost therapeutic efficacy of cardiac repair after myocardial infarction. Mater Today Bio 2021; 12:100171. [PMID: 34901821 PMCID: PMC8640519 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Naturally secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs) play important roles in stem-mediated cardioprotection. This study aimed to investigate the cardioprotective function and underlying mechanisms of EVs derived from HIF-1α engineered mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in a rat model of AMI. Methods and results EVs isolated from HIF-1α engineered MSCs (HIF-1α-EVs) and control MSCs (NC-EVs) were prepared. In in vitro experiments, the EVs were incubated with cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells exposed to hypoxia and serum deprivation (H/SD); in in vivo experiments, the EVs were injected in the acutely infarcted hearts of Sprague-Dawley rats. Compared with NC-EVs, HIF-1α-EVs significantly inhibited the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes and enhanced angiogenesis of endothelial cells; meanwhile, HIF-1α-EVs also significantly shrunk fibrotic area and strengthened cardiac function in infarcted rats. After treatment with EVs/RGD-biotin hydrogels, we observed longer retention, higher stability in HIF-1α-EVs, and stronger cardiac function in the rats. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) displayed that miRNA-221-3p was highly expressed in HIF-1α-EVs. After miR-221-3p was inhibited in HIF-1α-EVs, the biological effects of HIF-1α EVs on apoptosis and angiogenesis were attenuated. Conclusion EVs released by MSCs with HIF-1α overexpression can promote the angiogenesis of endothelial cells and the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes via upregulating the expression of miR-221-3p. RGD hydrogels can enhance the therapeutic efficacy of HIF-1α engineered MSCs-derived EVs.
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14
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Corrà F, Crudele F, Baldassari F, Bianchi N, Galasso M, Minotti L, Agnoletto C, Di Leva G, Brugnoli F, Reali E, Bertagnolo V, Vecchione A, Volinia S. UC.183, UC.110, and UC.84 Ultra-Conserved RNAs Are Mutually Exclusive with miR-221 and Are Engaged in the Cell Cycle Circuitry in Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12121978. [PMID: 34946928 PMCID: PMC8701292 DOI: 10.3390/genes12121978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the human genome, there are about 600 ultra-conserved regions (UCRs), long DNA sequences extremely conserved in vertebrates. We performed a large-scale study to quantify transcribed UCR (T-UCR) and miRNA levels in over 6000 cancer and normal tissue samples to find possible correlation between these kinds of regulatory molecules. Our analysis evidenced several non-coding RNAs showing negative co-regulation with miRNAs; among them, we focused on miR-221 to investigate any relationship with its pivotal role in the cell cycle. We have chosen breast cancer as model, using two cell lines with different phenotypes to carry out in vitro treatments with siRNAs against T-UCRs. Our results demonstrate that the expression of uc.183, uc.110, and uc.84 T-UCRs is mutually exclusive with miR-221 and is engaged in the regulation of CDKN1B expression. In addition, tests with a set of anticancer drugs, including BYL719, AZD5363, AZD8055, AZD7762, and XL765, revealed the modulation of specific T-UCRs without alteration of miR-221 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Corrà
- Laboratorio per le Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate (LTTA), Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.C.); (F.C.); (F.B.); (N.B.); (M.G.); (L.M.); (F.B.); (V.B.)
| | - Francesca Crudele
- Laboratorio per le Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate (LTTA), Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.C.); (F.C.); (F.B.); (N.B.); (M.G.); (L.M.); (F.B.); (V.B.)
| | - Federica Baldassari
- Laboratorio per le Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate (LTTA), Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.C.); (F.C.); (F.B.); (N.B.); (M.G.); (L.M.); (F.B.); (V.B.)
| | - Nicoletta Bianchi
- Laboratorio per le Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate (LTTA), Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.C.); (F.C.); (F.B.); (N.B.); (M.G.); (L.M.); (F.B.); (V.B.)
| | - Marco Galasso
- Laboratorio per le Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate (LTTA), Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.C.); (F.C.); (F.B.); (N.B.); (M.G.); (L.M.); (F.B.); (V.B.)
| | - Linda Minotti
- Laboratorio per le Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate (LTTA), Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.C.); (F.C.); (F.B.); (N.B.); (M.G.); (L.M.); (F.B.); (V.B.)
| | - Chiara Agnoletto
- Advanced Translational Research Laboratory, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35127 Padua, Italy;
| | - Gianpiero Di Leva
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 7QB, UK;
| | - Federica Brugnoli
- Laboratorio per le Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate (LTTA), Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.C.); (F.C.); (F.B.); (N.B.); (M.G.); (L.M.); (F.B.); (V.B.)
| | - Eva Reali
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy;
| | - Valeria Bertagnolo
- Laboratorio per le Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate (LTTA), Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.C.); (F.C.); (F.B.); (N.B.); (M.G.); (L.M.); (F.B.); (V.B.)
| | - Andrea Vecchione
- Department of Medical Surgical Science and Translational Medicine-c/o Azienda Ospedaliera Sant’Andrea, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189 Rome, Italy;
| | - Stefano Volinia
- Laboratorio per le Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate (LTTA), Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.C.); (F.C.); (F.B.); (N.B.); (M.G.); (L.M.); (F.B.); (V.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0532-455-714
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15
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Zhou Q, Deng J, Yao J, Song J, Meng D, Zhu Y, Xu M, Liang Y, Xu J, Sluijter JP, Xiao J. Exercise downregulates HIPK2 and HIPK2 inhibition protects against myocardial infarction. EBioMedicine 2021; 74:103713. [PMID: 34837851 PMCID: PMC8626841 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exercise can protect myocardial infarction (MI) and downregulate cardiac Homeodomain-Interacting Protein Kinase 2 (HIPK2). However, the role of HIPK2 in MI is unclear. Methods HIPK2–/– mice and miR-222–/– rats, HIPK2 inhibitor (PKI1H) and adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9) carrying miR-222 were applied in the study. Animals were subjected to running, swimming, acute MI or post-MI remodeling. HIPK2 inhibition and P53 activator were used in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) and human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CMs) subjected to oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R). Serum miR-222 levels were analyzed in healthy people and MI patients that were survival or readmitted to the hospital and/or died. Findings Cardiac HIPK2 protein levels were reduced by exercise while increased in MI. In vitro, HIPK2 suppression by lentiviral vectors or inhibitor prevented apoptosis induced by OGD/R in NRCMs and hESC-CMs. HIPK2 inhibitor-treated mice and HIPK2–/– mice reduced infarct size after acute MI, and preserved cardiac function in MI remodeling. Mechanistically, protective effect against apoptosis by HIPK2 suppression was reversed by P53 activators. Furthermore, increasing levels of miR-222, targeting HIPK2, protected post-MI cardiac dysfunction, whereas cardiac dysfunction post-MI was aggravated in miR-222–/– rats. Moreover, serum miR-222 levels were significantly reduced in MI patients, as well as in MI patients that were readmitted to the hospital and/or died compared to those not. Interpretation Exercise-induced HIPK2 suppression attenuates cardiomyocytes apoptosis and protects MI by decreasing P-P53. Inhibition of HIPK2 represents a potential novel therapeutic intervention for MI. Funding This work was supported by the grants from National Key Research and Development Project (2018YFE0113500 to JJ Xiao), National Natural Science Foundation of China (82020108002, 81722008, and 81911540486 to JJ Xiao, 81400647 to MJ Xu, 81800265 to YJ Liang), Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (2017-01-07-00-09-E00042 to JJ Xiao), the grant from Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (18410722200 and 17010500100 to JJ Xiao), the “Dawn” Program of Shanghai Education Commission (19SG34 to JJ Xiao), Shanghai Sailing Program (21YF1413200 to QL Zhou). JS is supported by Horizon2020 ERC-2016-COG EVICARE (725229).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiulian Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Jiali Deng
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China
| | - Jianhua Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Jiaxin Song
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China
| | - Danni Meng
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yujiao Zhu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China
| | - Minjun Xu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China
| | - Yajun Liang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China
| | - Jiahong Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Joost Pg Sluijter
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3508GA, the Netherlands; UMC Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3508GA, the Netherlands
| | - Junjie Xiao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
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16
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Majka M, Kleibert M, Wojciechowska M. Impact of the Main Cardiovascular Risk Factors on Plasma Extracellular Vesicles and Their Influence on the Heart's Vulnerability to Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Cells 2021; 10:3331. [PMID: 34943838 PMCID: PMC8699798 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of cardiovascular deaths are associated with acute coronary syndrome, especially ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Therapeutic reperfusion alone can contribute up to 40 percent of total infarct size following coronary artery occlusion, which is called ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Its size depends on many factors, including the main risk factors of cardiovascular mortality, such as age, sex, systolic blood pressure, smoking, and total cholesterol level as well as obesity, diabetes, and physical effort. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-coated particles released by every type of cell, which can carry content that affects the functioning of other tissues. Their role is essential in the communication between healthy and dysfunctional cells. In this article, data on the variability of the content of EVs in patients with the most prevalent cardiovascular risk factors is presented, and their influence on IRI is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miłosz Majka
- Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Marcin Kleibert
- Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Małgorzata Wojciechowska
- Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.); (M.K.)
- Invasive Cardiology Unit, Independent Public Specialist Western Hospital John Paul II, Daleka 11, 05-825 Grodzisk Mazowiecki, Poland
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17
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Zhang Y, Liu S, Ding L, Wang D, Li Q, Li D. Circ_0030235 knockdown protects H9c2 cells against OGD/R-induced injury via regulation of miR-526b. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11482. [PMID: 34820154 PMCID: PMC8603820 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is the common clinical manifestation of coronary heart disease. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) act key roles in cardiomyocytes growth and angiogenesis. However, their functions in MI are not entirely clear. This research intended to investigate the role and underlying mechanisms of circ_0030235 in H9c2 cells. Methods H9c2 cells were conducted to oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) inducement to establish the MI model. Circ_0030235 and miR-526b expression was tested and altered by qRT-PCR and transfection. Cell viability, apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) injury were tested by CCK-8 assay, TUNEL assay kit, and ROS Detection Assay Kit, respectively. Assessment of cell injury-related factors was performed by employing ELISA, Mitochondrial Viability Staining and the JC-1-Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit. The relationship between circ_0030235 and miR-526b was analyzed by dual luciferase reporter assay. The expression of key proteins was analyzed by western blot. Results Circ_0030235 was highly expressed in OGD/R-induced H9c2 cells. OGD/R inducement cell viability, while accelerated apoptosis. Besides, the level ROS, cell injury-related factors, mitochondrial membrane potential were notably elevated by OGD/R inducement, while mitochondrial viability was remarkably declined. Whereas, these impacts were all noticeably remitted by circ_0030235 knockdown. miR-526b was a target of circ_0030235. Circ_0030235 knockdown-induced impacts were all notably abrogated by miR-526b inhibition, including the activating impacts on PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK pathways. Conclusions This research implied that circ_0030235 knockdown might remit OGD/R-induced impacts via activation of PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK pathways and regulation of miR-526b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuquan Zhang
- Department of Gerontology, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China.,Department of Gerontology, Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shuzhu Liu
- Department of Gerontology, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China.,Department of Gerontology, Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Limin Ding
- Department of Gerontology, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China.,Department of Gerontology, Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Dawei Wang
- Department of Gerontology, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China.,Department of Gerontology, Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qiangqiang Li
- Department of Library, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China.,Department of Library, Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Dongdong Li
- Department of Gerontology, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China.,Department of Gerontology, Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China
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18
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Flores-Vergara R, Olmedo I, Aránguiz P, Riquelme JA, Vivar R, Pedrozo Z. Communication Between Cardiomyocytes and Fibroblasts During Cardiac Ischemia/Reperfusion and Remodeling: Roles of TGF-β, CTGF, the Renin Angiotensin Axis, and Non-coding RNA Molecules. Front Physiol 2021; 12:716721. [PMID: 34539441 PMCID: PMC8446518 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.716721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Communication between cells is a foundational concept for understanding the physiology and pathology of biological systems. Paracrine/autocrine signaling, direct cell-to-cell interplay, and extracellular matrix interactions are three types of cell communication that regulate responses to different stimuli. In the heart, cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells interact to form the cardiac tissue. Under pathological conditions, such as myocardial infarction, humoral factors released by these cells may induce tissue damage or protection, depending on the type and concentration of molecules secreted. Cardiac remodeling is also mediated by the factors secreted by cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts that are involved in the extensive reciprocal interactions between these cells. Identifying the molecules and cellular signal pathways implicated in these processes will be crucial for creating effective tissue-preserving treatments during or after reperfusion. Numerous therapies to protect cardiac tissue from reperfusion-induced injury have been explored, and ample pre-clinical research has attempted to identify drugs or techniques to mitigate cardiac damage. However, despite great success in animal models, it has not been possible to completely translate these cardioprotective effects to human applications. This review provides a current summary of the principal molecules, pathways, and mechanisms underlying cardiomyocyte and cardiac fibroblast crosstalk during ischemia/reperfusion injury. We also discuss pre-clinical molecules proposed as treatments for myocardial infarction and provide a clinical perspective on these potential therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Flores-Vergara
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile.,Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Ivonne Olmedo
- Programa de Fisiopatología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile.,Red para el Estudio de Enfermedades Cardiopulmonares de alta letalidad (REECPAL), Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Pablo Aránguiz
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andrés Bello, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Jaime Andrés Riquelme
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile.,Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Raúl Vivar
- Programa de Farmacología Molecular y Clínica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Zully Pedrozo
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile.,Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile.,Red para el Estudio de Enfermedades Cardiopulmonares de alta letalidad (REECPAL), Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
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19
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Wang P, Zhou Y, Richards AM. Effective tools for RNA-derived therapeutics: siRNA interference or miRNA mimicry. Theranostics 2021; 11:8771-8796. [PMID: 34522211 PMCID: PMC8419061 DOI: 10.7150/thno.62642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The approval of the first small interfering RNA (siRNA) drug Patisiran by FDA in 2018 marks a new era of RNA interference (RNAi) therapeutics. MicroRNAs (miRNA), an important post-transcriptional gene regulator, are also the subject of both basic research and clinical trials. Both siRNA and miRNA mimics are ~21 nucleotides RNA duplexes inducing mRNA silencing. Given the well performance of siRNA, researchers ask whether miRNA mimics are unnecessary or developed siRNA technology can pave the way for the emergence of miRNA mimic drugs. Through comprehensive comparison of siRNA and miRNA, we focus on (1) the common features and lessons learnt from the success of siRNAs; (2) the unique characteristics of miRNA that potentially offer additional therapeutic advantages and opportunities; (3) key areas of ongoing research that will contribute to clinical application of miRNA mimics. In conclusion, miRNA mimics have unique properties and advantages which cannot be fully matched by siRNA in clinical applications. MiRNAs are endogenous molecules and the gene silencing effects of miRNA mimics can be regulated or buffered to ameliorate or eliminate off-target effects. An in-depth understanding of the differences between siRNA and miRNA mimics will facilitate the development of miRNA mimic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117599 Singapore
- Department of Medicine, National University Health System, 119228 Singapore
| | - Yue Zhou
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117599 Singapore
- Department of Medicine, National University Health System, 119228 Singapore
| | - Arthur M. Richards
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117599 Singapore
- Department of Medicine, National University Health System, 119228 Singapore
- Christchurch Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Otago Christchurch, New Zealand
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20
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Zhang B, Mao S, Liu X, Li S, Zhou H, Gu Y, Liu W, Fu L, Liao C, Wang P. MiR-125b inhibits cardiomyocyte apoptosis by targeting BAK1 in heart failure. Mol Med 2021; 27:72. [PMID: 34238204 PMCID: PMC8268255 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00328-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although miR-125b plays a crucial role in many human cancers. However, its function in heart failure (HF) remains unclear. Our study aimed to investigate its involvement in heart failure. Methods In this study, the mouse HF model was successfully constructed through transverse aortic constriction (TAC) operation. Changes in mRNA and protein levels in isolated myocytes and heart tissues were examined using qRT-PCR, Western blot and Immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescent staining. Changes in cardiac functions were examined using ultrasound. Interactions between miR-125b and BAK1 was analyzed using the luciferase reporter assay. Cardiomyocyte apoptosis was evaluated using the TUNEL staining. Results We found that miR-125b expression was significantly downregulated in myocardial tissues of HF mice. Moreover, miR-125b upregulation in HF mice injected with agomir-125b efficiently ameliorated cardiac function. Further, miR-125b upregulation significantly decreased the protein levels of apoptosis-related makers c-caspase 3 and Bax, while increased Bcl-2 expression. In addition, BAK1 was identified as a direct target of miR-125b. As expected, BAK1 overexpression observably reversed the effect of agomir-125b on cardiac function and on the expression of apoptosis-related makers in the heart tissues of HF mice. Conclusions Taken together, miR-125b overexpression efficiently attenuated cardiac function injury of HF mice by targeting BAK1 through inhibiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis, suggesting that miR-125b/BAK1 axis might be a potential target for the diagnosis or treatment of HF. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10020-021-00328-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Zhang
- Guizhou Medical University, No. 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, People's Republic of China.,Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanyong Mao
- Guizhou Medical University, No. 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, People's Republic of China.,Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingde Liu
- Guizhou Medical University, No. 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Sha Li
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Haiyan Zhou
- Departmentof Clinical Research Centre, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Gu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, People's Republic of China
| | - Wupeng Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Baiyun Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang City, Guizhou, 550014, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Fu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Liao
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengzhen Wang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, People's Republic of China
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21
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Scărlătescu AI, Micheu MM, Popa-Fotea NM, Dorobanțu M. MicroRNAs in Acute ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction-A New Tool for Diagnosis and Prognosis: Therapeutic Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4799. [PMID: 33946541 PMCID: PMC8124280 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite diagnostic and therapeutic advances, coronary artery disease and especially its extreme manifestation, ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), remain the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Early and prompt diagnosis is of great importance regarding the prognosis of STEMI patients. In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as promising tools involved in many pathophysiological processes in various fields, including cardiovascular diseases. In acute coronary syndromes (ACS), circulating levels of miRNAs are significantly elevated, as an indicator of cardiac damage, making them a promising marker for early diagnosis of myocardial infarction. They also have prognostic value and great potential as therapeutic targets considering their key function in gene regulation. This review aims to summarize current information about miRNAs and their role as diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic targets in STEMI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Ioana Scărlătescu
- Department of Cardiology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (N.-M.P.-F.); (M.D.)
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, 014461 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Miruna Mihaela Micheu
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, 014461 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Nicoleta-Monica Popa-Fotea
- Department of Cardiology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (N.-M.P.-F.); (M.D.)
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, 014461 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Maria Dorobanțu
- Department of Cardiology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (N.-M.P.-F.); (M.D.)
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, 014461 Bucharest, Romania;
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22
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Liu D, Tian X, Liu Y, Song H, Cheng X, Zhang X, Yan C, Han Y. CREG ameliorates the phenotypic switching of cardiac fibroblasts after myocardial infarction via modulation of CDC42. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:355. [PMID: 33824277 PMCID: PMC8024263 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03623-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Phenotype switching of cardiac fibroblasts into myofibroblasts plays important role in cardiac fibrosis following myocardial infarction (MI). Cellular repressor of E1A-stimulated genes (CREG) protects against vascular and cardiac remodeling induced by angiotensin-II. However, the effects and mechanisms of CREG on phenotype switching of cardiac fibroblasts after MI are unknown. This study aimed to investigate the role of CREG on the phenotype switching of cardiac fibroblasts following MI and its mechanism. Our findings demonstrated that, compared with littermate control mice, cardiac function was deteriorated in CREG+/- mice on day 14 post-MI. Fibrosis size, αSMA, and collagen-1 expressions were increased in the border regions of CREG+/- mice on day 14 post-MI. Conversely, exogenous CREG protein significantly improved cardiac function, inhibited fibrosis, and reduced the expressions of αSMA and collagen-1 in the border regions of C57BL/6J mice on day 14. In vitro, CREG recombinant protein inhibited αSMA and collagen-1 expression and blocked the hypoxia-induced proliferation and migration of cardiac fibroblasts, which was mediated through the inhibition of cell division control protein 42 (CDC42) expression. Our findings could help in establishing new strategies based on the clarification of the role of the key molecule CREG in phenotype switching of cardiac fibroblasts following MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Tian
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanxia Liu
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Haixu Song
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoli Cheng
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Chenghui Yan
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China.
| | - Yaling Han
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China.
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23
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Apelin-13 alleviated cardiac fibrosis via inhibiting the PI3K/Akt pathway to attenuate oxidative stress in rats with myocardial infarction-induced heart failure. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:222454. [PMID: 32207519 PMCID: PMC7133518 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20200040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine whether apelin-13 could attenuate cardiac fibrosis via inhibiting the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) pathway to inhibit reactive oxygen species in heart failure (HF) rats. HF models were established by inducing ischemia myocardial infarction (MI) through ligation of the left anterior descending artery in Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats. MI-induced changes in hemodynamics and cardiac function were reversed by apelin-13 administration. The increases in the levels of collagen I, collagen III, α-smooth muscle actin (SMA), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in the heart of MI rats and cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) treated with angiotensin (Ang) II were inhibited by apelin-13. The levels of PI3K and p-Akt increased in Ang II-treated CFs, and these increases were blocked by apelin-13. The PI3K overexpression reversed the effects of apelin-13 on Ang II-induced increases in collagen I, collagen III, α-SMA, and TGF-β, NADPH oxidase activity and superoxide anions in CFs. Apelin-13 reduced the increases in the levels of NADPH oxidase activity and superoxide anions in the heart of MI rats and CFs with Ang II treatment. The results demonstrated that apelin-13 improved cardiac dysfunction, impaired cardiac hemodynamics, and attenuated fibrosis of CFs induced by Ang II via inhibiting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway to inhibit oxidative stress.
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24
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Cao Y, Wang Y, Xiao L, Xu JY, Liu Y, Jiang R, Li T, Jiang J. Endothelial-derived exosomes induced by lipopolysaccharide alleviate rat cardiomyocytes injury and apoptosis. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:1432-1444. [PMID: 33841668 PMCID: PMC8014340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction (SIMD) is one of the leading causes of death in sepsis. We hypothesized that exosomes released from ECs exposed to bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) have some regulatory effect on cardiomyocytes (CMs). In this study, cultured rat ECs were exposed to 0.5 µg/ml of LPS, and exosomes were isolated from the conditioned medium through ultra-high-speed centrifugation. The exosomes were given to the cultured neonatal rat CMs to test the potential effects and proceed to small RNA sequencing to identify their miRNA expression. We found exosomes from ECs under LPS stimulation (LPS-EC-Exo) enhanced the cell viability and attenuated the injury of CMs. The RNA sequencing depicted the expression of several miRNAs increased in LPS-EC-Exo compared with the exosomes from the control ECs (NC-EC-Exo). Further analysis showed that some miRNAs could promote the survival of CMs by down-regulating the expression of apoptosis-related proteins such as BAK1, P53, and PTEN. This study showed that LPS-EC-Exo has a cardiac protective effect on CMs, which miRNAs may achieve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cao
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhou 646000, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Ling Xiao
- Chongqing University Central HospitalChongqing, China
| | - Jia-Ying Xu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhou 646000, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhou 646000, China
| | - Rui Jiang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhou 646000, China
| | - Tao Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhou 646000, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhou 646000, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhou 646000, China
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25
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Men H, Cai H, Cheng Q, Zhou W, Wang X, Huang S, Zheng Y, Cai L. The regulatory roles of p53 in cardiovascular health and disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:2001-2018. [PMID: 33179140 PMCID: PMC11073000 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03694-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of mortality globally, so further investigation is required to identify its underlying mechanisms and potential targets for its prevention. The transcription factor p53 functions as a gatekeeper, regulating a myriad of genes to maintain normal cell functions. It has received a great deal of research attention as a tumor suppressor. In the past three decades, evidence has also shown a regulatory role for p53 in the heart. Basal p53 is essential for embryonic cardiac development; it is also necessary to maintain normal heart architecture and physiological function. In pathological cardiovascular circumstances, p53 expression is elevated in both patient samples and animal models. Elevated p53 plays a regulatory role via anti-angiogenesis, pro-programmed cell death, metabolism regulation, and cell cycle arrest regulation. This largely promotes the development of CVDs, particularly cardiac remodeling in the infarcted heart, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, and diabetic cardiomyopathy. Roles for p53 have also been found in atherosclerosis and chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity. However, it has different roles in cardiomyocytes and non-myocytes, even in the same model. In this review, we describe the different effects of p53 in cardiovascular physiological and pathological conditions, in addition to potential CVD therapies targeting p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Men
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Research Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - He Cai
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Quanli Cheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Wenqian Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Research Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Research Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Shan Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Research Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Yang Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Lu Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Research Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
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26
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MiRNA expression analysis emphasized the role of miR-424 in diabetic cardiovascular complications. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13410-021-00934-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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27
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Li X, Yang Y, Chen S, Zhou J, Li J, Cheng Y. Epigenetics-based therapeutics for myocardial fibrosis. Life Sci 2021; 271:119186. [PMID: 33577852 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis (MF) is a reactive remodeling process in response to myocardial injury. It is mainly manifested by the proliferation of cardiac muscle fibroblasts and secreting extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins to replace damaged tissue. However, the excessive production and deposition of extracellular matrix, and the rising proportion of type I and type III collagen lead to pathological fibrotic remodeling, thereby facilitating the development of cardiac dysfunction and eventually causing heart failure with heightened mortality. Currently, the molecular mechanisms of MF are still not fully understood. With the development of epigenetics, it is found that epigenetics controls the transcription of pro-fibrotic genes in MF by DNA methylation, histone modification and noncoding RNAs. In this review, we summarize and discuss the research progress of the mechanisms underlying MF from the perspective of epigenetics, including the newest m6A modification and crosstalk between different epigenetics in MF. We also offer a succinct overview of promising molecules targeting epigenetic regulators, which may provide novel therapeutic strategies against MF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuping Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Ying Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Sixuan Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Jiuyao Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Jingyan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
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28
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Zhou Y, Ng DYE, Richards AM, Wang P. microRNA-221 Inhibits Latent TGF-β1 Activation through Targeting Thrombospondin-1 to Attenuate Kidney Failure-Induced Cardiac Fibrosis. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 22:803-814. [PMID: 33230477 PMCID: PMC7645417 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Kidney failure (KF) is associated with cardiac fibrosis and significantly increased mortality in heart failure. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP1), a key regulator of latent transforming growth factor-β1 (L-TGF-β1) activation, is a predicted target of miR-221. We hypothesized miR-221 attenuates severe KF-associated cardiac fibrosis via targeting of Thbs1 with subsequent inhibition of L-TGF-β1 activation. Rat cardiac fibroblasts (cFB) were isolated and transfected with microRNA-221 (miR-221) mimics or mimic control (miR-221 and MC) with or without exposure to L-TGF-β1. We demonstrate miR-221 downregulates Thbs1 via direct 3′ untranslated region (3′ UTR) targeting with consequent inhibition of L-TGF-β1 activation in cFB as proven by the significant reduction of myofibroblast activation, collagen secretion, TGF-β1 signaling, TSP1 secretion, and TGF-β1 bioactivity measured by Pai1 promoter reporter. The 5/6 nephrectomy (Nx) model of cardiac fibrosis was used to test the in vivo therapeutic efficacy of miR-221 (i.v. 1 mg/kg ×3). miR-221 significantly inhibited Nx-induced upregulation of TSP1 and p-SMAD3 in the heart at day-7 and reduced cardiac fibrosis (picro-sirius), improved cardiac function (±dP/dt), and improved 8-week survival rate (60% versus 36%; p = 0.038). miR-221 mimic treatment improved survival and reduced cardiac fibrosis in a model of severe KF. miR-221 is a therapeutic target to address cardiac fibrosis originating from renal disease and other causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhou
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599 Singapore.,Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Denise Yu En Ng
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599 Singapore.,Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Arthur Mark Richards
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599 Singapore.,Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore.,Christchurch Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Peipei Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599 Singapore.,Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
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29
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Li Y, Liu R, Wu J, Li X. Self-eating: friend or foe? The emerging role of autophagy in fibrotic diseases. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:7993-8017. [PMID: 32724454 PMCID: PMC7381749 DOI: 10.7150/thno.47826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis occurs in most human organs including the liver, lung, heart and kidney, and is crucial for the progression of most chronic diseases. As an indispensable catabolic process for intracellular quality control and homeostasis, autophagy occurs in most mammalian cells and is implicated in many biological processes including fibrogenesis. Although advances have been made in understanding autophagy process, the potential role of autophagy in fibrotic diseases remains controversial and has recently attracted a great deal of attention. In the current review, we summarize the commonalities of autophagy affecting different types of fibrosis in different organs, including the liver, lung, heart, and kidney as well as in cystic fibrosis, systematically outline the contradictory results and highlight the distinct role of autophagy during the various stages of fibrosis. In summary, the exact role autophagy plays in fibrogenesis depends on specific cell types and different stimuli, and identifying and evaluating the pathogenic contribution of autophagy in fibrogenesis will promote the discovery of novel therapeutic strategies for the clinical management of these fibrotic diseases.
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Ma L, Cao Y, Zhang L, Li K, Yan L, Pan Y, Zhu J. Celastrol mitigates high glucose-induced inflammation and apoptosis in rat H9c2 cardiomyocytes via miR-345-5p/growth arrest-specific 6. J Gene Med 2020; 22:e3201. [PMID: 32307774 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Celastrol (Cel) has been corroborated as an anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic agent in multiple cell damage models. However, the protective effect of Cel in high glucose (HG)-induced cardiomyocyte injury is still unclear. The present study aimed to determine whether Cel can mitigate HG-stimulated cardiomyocyte injury via regulating the miR-345-5p/growth arrest-specific 6 (Gas6) signaling pathway. METHODS Cardiomyocytes were exposed to normal glucose (NG; 5 mmol/l) or HG (30 mmol/l) and then administered with Cel. Cell counting kit-8 and flow cytometry assays were used to detect cell proliferative activity and apoptosis. mRNA and protein expression were analyzed using a quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. A bioinformatics algorithm and a luciferase reporter gene assay were used to determine whether Gas6 is a direct target of miR-345-5p. RESULTS The present study confirmed the inhibitory effects of Cel in HG-induced inflammation in cardiomyocytes. Moreover, Cel exhibited the ability to antagonize HG-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and suppress the elevated Bax/Bcl-2 ratio elicited by HG stimulation. Intriguingly, Cel treatment revoked the HG-triggered repression of Gas6 protein expression, and Gas6 loss-of-function accelerated HG-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. HG-triggered up-regulation of miR-345-5p expression was depressed following Cel treatment. Importantly, we validated that Gas6 is a direct target of miR-345-5p. Transfection with miR-345-5p inhibitors restrained HG-induced release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and cell apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS The findings of the present study demonstrate that Cel administration antagonized HG-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and inflammation through up-regulating Gas6 expression by restraining miR-345-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanjing Cao
- Department of Neurology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ketao Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Laixing Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yizhan Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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31
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Tikhomirov R, Reilly-O’Donnell B, Catapano F, Faggian G, Gorelik J, Martelli F, Emanueli C. Exosomes: From Potential Culprits to New Therapeutic Promise in the Setting of Cardiac Fibrosis. Cells 2020; 9:E592. [PMID: 32131460 PMCID: PMC7140485 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a significant global health problem associated with many inflammatory and degenerative diseases affecting multiple organs, individually or simultaneously. Fibrosis develops when extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling becomes excessive or uncontrolled and is associated with nearly all forms of heart disease. Cardiac fibroblasts and myofibroblasts are the main effectors of ECM deposition and scar formation. The heart is a complex multicellular organ, where the various resident cell types communicate between themselves and with cells of the blood and immune systems. Exosomes, which are small extracellular vesicles, (EVs), contribute to cell-to-cell communication and their pathophysiological relevance and therapeutic potential is emerging. Here, we will critically review the role of endogenous exosomes as possible fibrosis mediators and discuss the possibility of using stem cell-derived and/or engineered exosomes as anti-fibrotic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Tikhomirov
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; (R.T.); (B.R.-O.); (F.C.); (J.G.)
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Cardiovascular Science, The University of Verona, Policlinico G., B. Rossi, P.le. La Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (G.F.); (F.M.)
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Via Morandi 30, 20097 San Donato Milanese Milano, Italy
| | - Benedict Reilly-O’Donnell
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; (R.T.); (B.R.-O.); (F.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Francesco Catapano
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; (R.T.); (B.R.-O.); (F.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Faggian
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Cardiovascular Science, The University of Verona, Policlinico G., B. Rossi, P.le. La Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (G.F.); (F.M.)
| | - Julia Gorelik
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; (R.T.); (B.R.-O.); (F.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Fabio Martelli
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Cardiovascular Science, The University of Verona, Policlinico G., B. Rossi, P.le. La Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (G.F.); (F.M.)
| | - Costanza Emanueli
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; (R.T.); (B.R.-O.); (F.C.); (J.G.)
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Chen XD, Zhao J, Yan Z, Zhou BW, Huang WF, Liu WF, Li C, Liu KX. Isolation of extracellular vesicles from intestinal tissue in a mouse model of intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury. Biotechniques 2020; 68:257-262. [PMID: 32090587 DOI: 10.2144/btn-2019-0159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membranous particles that contribute to intercellular communications. Separating EVs from tissue is still a technical challenge. Here, we present a rigorous method for extracting EVs from intestinal tissue in a mouse intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) model, and for analyzing their miRNA content. The isolated EVs show a typical cup shape with a size peak of 120-130 nm in diameter, confirmed by TEM and NTA. They also express EV markers such as CD9, CD63, CD81, Tsg101 and Alix. Real-time qPCR confirmed that these pellets contain miRNAs related to I/R injury. Our study presents a practical way to isolate EVs from intestinal tissue which is suitable for downstream applications such as miRNA analysis, and provides a novel method for investigating the mechanism of intestinal I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengzheng Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo-Wei Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Fang Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Feng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cai Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke-Xuan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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lncRNA-ZFAS1 induces mitochondria-mediated apoptosis by causing cytosolic Ca 2+ overload in myocardial infarction mice model. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:942. [PMID: 31819041 PMCID: PMC6901475 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2136-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we have identified ZFAS1 as a potential new long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) biomarker of acute myocardial infarction (MI) and as a sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase 2a (SERCA2a) inhibitor, causing intracellular Ca2+ overload and contractile dysfunction in a mouse model of MI. In the current study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of ZFAS1 on the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes in the MI mouse model. Knockdown of endogenous ZFAS1 by virus-mediated silencing shRNA or siZFAS1 partially abrogated the ischemia-induced apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. Overexpression of ZFAS1 in normal cardiomyocytes reduced the cell viability, similar to that observed in hypoxia-treated cardiomyocytes. Moreover, ZFAS1 cardiac-specific knock-in mice showed impaired cardiac function, adversely altered Ca2+ homeostasis, repressed expression and activities of SERCA2a, and increased apoptosis. At the subcellular level, ZFAS1 induced mitochondrial swelling and showed a pronounced decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential. At the molecular level, ZFAS1 activated the mitochondria apoptosis pathway, which could be nearly abolished by a calcium chelator. The effects of ZFAS1 were readily reversible upon knockdown of this lncRNA. Notably, ZFAS1-FD (only functional domain) mimicked the effects of full-length ZFAS1 in regulation of cardiomyocyte apoptosis. In conclusion, our study shows that ZFAS1, an endogenous SERCA2a inhibitor, induces mitochondria-mediated apoptosis via cytosolic Ca2+ overload. Therefore, anti-ZFAS1 might be considered a new therapeutic strategy for protecting cardiomyocytes from MI-induced apoptosis.
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Zhao H, Tao S. MiRNA-221 protects islet β cell function in gestational diabetes mellitus by targeting PAK1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 520:218-224. [PMID: 31587871 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.09.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
To elucidate the potential function of miRNA-221 in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and the underlying mechanism. MiRNA-221 level was analyzed in the microarray containing placental tissues of GDM rats. After constructing GDM model in rats, miRNA-221 level in placental tissues of GDM rats or controls was determined as well. The relationship between miRNA-221 level and blood glucose in GDM rats was analyzed by Spearman correlation test. Regulatory effects of miRNA-221 on proliferation, apoptosis and insulin secretion in INS-1 cells were assessed. Through dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, the direct target of miRNA-221, PAK1 was identified. At last, potential influences of miRNA-221/PAK1 axis on INS-1 cell phenotypes were determined. MiRNA-221 was downregulated in placental tissues of GDM rats, and its level was negatively correlated to that of blood glucose level in GDM rats. Overexpression of miRNA-221 stimulated insulin secretion, cell proliferation and suppressed apoptosis in INS-1 cells. Knockdown of miRNA-221 achieved the opposite results. PAK1 was proved as the direct target of miRNA-221. Notably, PAK1 was able to reverse regulatory effects of miRNA-221 on INS-1 cell phenotypes. MiRNA-221 regulates proliferation, apoptosis and insulin secretion in islet β cells through targeting PAK1, thus protecting GDM-induced islet dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqiang Zhao
- Department of Gerontology, Jinan People's Hospital of Shandong Province, Jinan, China.
| | - Shujuan Tao
- Department of Obstetrics, Jinan Second Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
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