1
|
Gao X, Gao J, Sun Y, Zhao J, Geng L, Wang C, Qiao M, Wang J. The common pathogenesis of nodular goiter in both sexes: An exploration into gene expression and signaling pathways. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33411. [PMID: 39035545 PMCID: PMC11259846 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The past few years have witnessed an increasing incidence of nodular goiter (NG), with a well-documented higher prevalence in females than males. This gender disparity has led research to focus primarily on female subjects, potentially overlooking common pathogenic mechanisms in both sexes. In this study, we investigated the shared pathogenesis of NG in males and females. Utilizing a rat model and RNA sequencing, we identified differentially expressed genes associated with the disease. We further validated these findings in normal human thyroid cells and human papillary thyroid cancer cells. A randomized experiment was conducted with equal numbers of male and female rats divided into control and NG model groups. The NG model was established using propylthiouracil and various assessments such as thyroid ultrasonography, thyroid index, thyroid function, and thyroid histology were performed. Transcriptome analysis revealed numerous upregulated and downregulated genes in both male and female model groups. Key genes like KDR, FLT1, PDGFB, and CAV1, and pathways including PI3K-Akt, MAPK, Ras, fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, calcium signaling, and Rap1 signaling pathways were linked with the disease. Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis confirmed these findings, which were further supported by cell-based experiments. In conclusion, our findings suggest that abnormal expression of specific genes and pathways leading to irregular cell growth, blood vessel formation, and inflammation may be common factors in the pathogenesis of NG in both males and females.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangju Gao
- Research and Innovation Team of Emotional Diseases and Syndromes in Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Jie Gao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Ya Sun
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Li Geng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Changlin Wang
- Research and Innovation Team of Emotional Diseases and Syndromes in Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Mingqi Qiao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Jieqiong Wang
- Emotional Disease Syndrome Liver Storage Pharmacological Young Scientific Research Innovation Team in Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li Y, Yang W, Yang X, Ma A, Zhang X, Li H, Wu H. Quemeiteng granule relieves goiter by suppressing thyroid microvascular endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis via miR-217-5p-mediated targeting of FGF2-induced regulation of the ERK pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 326:117908. [PMID: 38367931 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Goiters are enlargements of the thyroid gland and are a global public issue. Quemeiteng granule (QMTG) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula used to treat goiter in Yunnan Province. However, the effectiveness and underlying mechanism of these treatments have not been fully elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of QMTG on goiter and the downstream regulatory mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we first evaluated the antigoiter efficacy of QMTG through biochemical indices [body weight, thyroid coefficient, triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)] and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining in a Propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced model. Based on microRNA sequencing (miRNA-seq) and bioinformatics analysis, key miRNA was screened out. A dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to confirm the transcriptional regulation of the target gene by the miRNA. The viability of rat thyroid microvascular endothelial cells (RTMECs) and human thyroid microvascular endothelial cells (HTMECs) was assessed using the CCK-8 assays. The migration and angiogenesis of RTMECs and HTMECs were visualized through tube formation and wound scratch assays. Proteins involved in angiogenesis and the ERK pathway were assessed via Western blotting. RESULTS QMTG significantly increased body weight, decreased the thyroid coefficient, increased the levels of T3, T4, FT3 and FT4 and reduced TSH levels in rats with goiter. QMTG also promoted the morphological recovery of thyroid follicles. MiR-217-5p was identified as a key miRNA. Our studies revealed that miR-217-5p directly targets FGF2 and that QMTG promotes the recovery of thyroid hormone (TH) levels and morphological changes in the thyroid, suppresses thyroid microvascular endothelial cell vitality, tube formation and migration, and reduces the expression of VEGF, Ang-1 and VCAM-1 triggered by miR-217-5p, thereby inhibiting the Ras/MEK/ERK cascade through FGF2. CONCLUSIONS Our experiments demonstrated that the QMTG had therapeutic effects on goiter. These effects were attributed to the inhibition of ERK pathway-induced proliferation and angiogenesis through the targeting of FGF2 by miR-217-5p.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department and Lab of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen Yang
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuewei Yang
- Department and Lab of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Aijia Ma
- Department and Lab of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuepeng Zhang
- Department and Lab of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongxia Li
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Wu
- Clinical Pharmacy Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hu S, Wu X, Jiang H. Trends and projections of the global burden of thyroid cancer from 1990 to 2030. J Glob Health 2024; 14:04084. [PMID: 38751316 PMCID: PMC11109522 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.14.04084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to explore the burden of thyroid cancer worldwide from 1990 to 2019 and to project its future trends from 2020 to 2030. Methods Based on annual data on thyroid cancer cases from 1990 to 2019 available in the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database, we calculated the age-standardised incidence, death, and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) rates for thyroid cancer. We used the estimated annual percentage change (EPAC) to quantify the temporal trends in these age-standardised rates from 1990 to 2019 and applied generalised additive models to project the disease burden from 2020 to 2030. Results The global age-standardised incidence rate (ASIR) of thyroid cancer increased from 1990 to 2019, with a higher overall disease burden in women than in men at both study time points. The male-to-female ratios for the ASIR increased from 0.41 in 1990 to 0.51 in 2019, while the ratio for the age-standardised death rate (ASDR) increased from 0.60 to 0.82. The models predicted the United Arab Emirates would have the fastest rising trend in both the ASIR (estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) = 4.19) and age-standardised DALY rate (EAPC = 4.36) in 2020-30, while Saint Kitts and Nevis will have the fastest rising trend in the ASDR (EAPC = 2.29). Meanwhile, the growth trends for the ASDR and age-standardised DALY rate are projected to increase across countries in this period. A correlation analysis of the global burden of thyroid cancer between 1990-2019 and 2020-30 showed a significant positive correlation between the increase in the ASIR and socio-demographic index (SDI) in low-SDI and low-middle-SDI countries. Conclusions The global burden of thyroid cancer is increasing, especially in the female population and in low-middle-SDI regions, underscoring a need to target them for effective prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Supei Hu
- Department of General Practice, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Research and Education department, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Xianjiang Wu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of General Practice, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shan R, Li X, Tao M, Xiao W, Chen J, Mei F, Song S, Sun B, Yuan C, Liu Z. Pregnancy and the disease recurrence of patients previously treated for differentiated thyroid cancer: A systematic review and meta analysis. Chin Med J (Engl) 2024; 137:547-555. [PMID: 38311812 PMCID: PMC10932527 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000003008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is commonly diagnosed in women of child-bearing age, but whether pregnancy influences the prognosis of DTC remains controversial. This study aimed to summarize existing evidence regarding the association of pregnancy with recurrence risk in patients previously treated for DTC. METHODS We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Scopus based on the prespecified protocol registered at PROSPERO (CRD42022367896). After study selection, two researchers independently extracted data from the included studies. For quantitative data synthesis, we used random-effects meta-analysis models to pool the proportion of recurrence (for pregnant women only) and odds ratio (OR; comparing the risk of recurrence between the pregnancy group and the nonpregnancy group), respectively. Then we conducted subgroup analyses to explore whether risk of recurrence differed by response to therapy status or duration of follow-up time. We also assessed quality of the included studies. RESULTS A total of ten studies were included. The sample size ranged from 8 to 235, with participants' age at pregnancy or delivery ranging from 28 to 35 years. The follow-up time varied from 0.1 to 36.0 years. The pooled proportion of recurrence in all pregnant patients was 0.13 (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.06-0.25; I2 : 0.58). Among six included studies reporting response to therapy status before pregnancy, we observed a trend for increasingly higher risk of recurrence from excellent, indeterminate, and biochemically incomplete to structurally incomplete response to therapy ( Ptrend <0.05). The pooled risk of recurrence in the pregnancy group showed no evidence of a significant difference from that in the nonpregnancy group (OR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.45-1.23; I2 : 0). The difference in follow-up time (below/above five years) was not associated with either the proportion of recurrence in all pregnant patients ( P >0.05) or the OR of recurrence in studies with a comparison group ( P >0.05). Two included studies that focused on patients with distant metastasis also did not show a significant difference in disease recurrence between pregnancy and nonpregnancy groups (OR: 0.51 [95% CI: 0.14-1.87; I2 : 59%]). CONCLUSION In general, pregnancy appears to have a minimal association with the disease recurrence of DTC with initial treatment. Clinicians should pay more attention to progression of DTC among pregnant women with biochemical and/or structural persistence. REGISTRATION PROSPERO, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/ ; No. CRD42022367896.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Shan
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ming Tao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wucai Xiao
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Fang Mei
- Department of Pathology, Peking University Third Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shibing Song
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Bangkai Sun
- Information Management and Big Data Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chunhui Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Coelho N, Camarinho R, Garcia P, Rodrigues AS. Histological evidence of hypothyroidism in mice chronically exposed to conventional farming. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 106:104387. [PMID: 38364936 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Worldwide, disorders of the thyroid gland are a growing concern; such can be caused by exposure to contaminants, including agrochemicals used in conventional agriculture, which act as endocrine disruptors. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether or not exposure to an environment with conventional agriculture leads to thyroid disruption. Mus musculus were used as bioindicator species, captured in two sites: a farm where conventional agriculture is practiced, and a place without agriculture. Thyroid histomorphometric and morphologic data were analyzed. The impacts of the agricultural environment over the thyroid were revealed, as indications of hypothyroidism were observed in exposed mice: the area and volume of epithelial cells were much lower. Alterations in thyroid histomorphology were also observed: lower follicular sphericity, irregularly delimited epithelium and increased exfoliation into the colloid. These results highlight the need for transition from current conventional agricultural systems towards organic systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nádia Coelho
- FCT, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, Ponta Delgada 9501-801, Portugal.
| | - Ricardo Camarinho
- FCT, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, Ponta Delgada 9501-801, Portugal; IVAR, Institute of Volcanology and Risks Assessment, University of the Azores, Ponta Delgada 9501-801, Portugal.
| | - Patrícia Garcia
- FCT, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, Ponta Delgada 9501-801, Portugal; cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Azorean Biodiversity Group, University of the Azores, Ponta Delgada 9501-801, Portugal.
| | - Armindo S Rodrigues
- FCT, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, Ponta Delgada 9501-801, Portugal; IVAR, Institute of Volcanology and Risks Assessment, University of the Azores, Ponta Delgada 9501-801, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Katarzyńska-Banasik D, Kowalik K, Sechman A. Influence of silver nanoparticles on mRNA expression of thyroid hormone-related genes in the thyroid gland and liver of laying hens. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2024; 86:106820. [PMID: 37918317 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2023.106820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in consumer products and animal husbandry raises the need to study their impact on living organisms. This study was conducted on Hy-Line Brown hens at the age of 25 weeks with an average weight of 1.58 kg. Hens for 2 weeks received a solution of 50 nm AgNPs at a concentration of 100 pm (experimental group; n = 6) or a solution in which the nanoparticles were suspended (control group; n = 6). Thyroid hormones (thyroxine - T4, triiodothyronine - T3) were evaluated in the blood plasma and expression profiles of genes involved in thyroid hormone (TH) synthesis (TSHR, NIS, TPO, TG), metabolism (DIO1, DIO2, DIO3) and transport (MCT8, MCT10, LAT1) were determined in the chicken thyroid gland. Furthermore, iodothyronine deiodinase, TH transporter and TH receptor (THRA, THRB) mRNA expressions were evaluated in the livers isolated from the same chickens. AgNPs did not affect serum T4 levels but elevated serum T3 concentration. The results showed that AgNPs increased DIO3 mRNA in the thyroid gland. In turn, in the liver AgNPs administration significantly upregulated DIO2 and downregulated MCT10 mRNA levels. These results indicate that exposure to AgNPs leads to a tissue-specific alternative expression of genes engaged in TH metabolism. Moreover, the mRNA expression of DIO2 in the liver showed a positive correlation with plasma T3 levels. In conclusion, AgNPs may have an impact on TH metabolism by affecting deiodinases and TH transporter MCT10 mRNA expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Katarzyńska-Banasik
- Department of Animal Physiology and Endocrinology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120, Krakow, Poland.
| | - K Kowalik
- Department of Animal Physiology and Endocrinology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120, Krakow, Poland
| | - A Sechman
- Department of Animal Physiology and Endocrinology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120, Krakow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Puga FM, Al Ghuzlan A, Hartl DM, Bani MA, Moog S, Pani F, Breuskin I, Guerlain J, Faron M, Denadreis D, Baudin E, Hadoux J, Lamartina L. Impact of lymphovascular invasion on otherwise low-risk papillary thyroid carcinomas: a retrospective and observational study. Endocrine 2024; 83:150-159. [PMID: 37639174 PMCID: PMC10805903 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03475-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Presence of venous vascular invasion is a criterion of intermediate risk of recurrence in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, the presence and type of vascular invasion (lymphatic or venous) is often underreported and its impact on PTCs without other risk features remains unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of both lymphatic and venous invasion on the risk of recurrence/persistence on otherwise low-risk PTCs. METHODS Retrospective study including patients with otherwise low-risk PTCs but with vascular invasion, diagnosed between 2013 and 2019. The persistence/recurrence during the follow-up was evaluated. Pathology was reviewed to confirm the presence of lymphovascular invasion and determine the type of invasion. RESULTS A total of 141 patients were included. Lymphovascular invasion was confirmed in 20.6%. After surgery, 48.9% (N = 69) of the patients received radioactive iodine (RAI). The median follow-up time was 4 [3-6] years. Overall, 6 (4.2%) patients experienced persistent/recurrent disease in the neck, including 3 with lymphovascular invasion, confirmed as "only lymphatic". Overall, patients with tumors harboring lymphovascular invasion had sensibly more persistent/recurrence disease compared with those without lymphovascular invasion (10.3% vs 2.7%, p = 0.1), especially in the subgroup of patients not treated with RAI (20% vs 1.6%, p = 0.049) [OR 15.25, 95% CI 1.24-187.85, p = 0.033]. CONCLUSION Lymphovascular invasion, including lymphatic invasion only, is associated with a sensibly higher risk of persistent/recurrent disease in otherwise low-risk PTCs, namely in patients not treated with RAI. Lymphatic invasion could have a role in risk-stratification systems for decision making.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Marques Puga
- Service d'oncologie Endocrinienne, Département d'imagerie, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
- Serviço de Endocrinologia, Diabetes e Metabolismo, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Abir Al Ghuzlan
- Département de Biologie et Pathologie Médicale, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Dana M Hartl
- Département d'anesthésie, Chirurgie et Radiologie Interventionelle, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Mohamed-Amine Bani
- Département de Biologie et Pathologie Médicale, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Sophie Moog
- Service d'oncologie Endocrinienne, Département d'imagerie, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Fabiana Pani
- Service d'oncologie Endocrinienne, Département d'imagerie, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Ingrid Breuskin
- Département d'anesthésie, Chirurgie et Radiologie Interventionelle, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Joanne Guerlain
- Département d'anesthésie, Chirurgie et Radiologie Interventionelle, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Matthieu Faron
- Département d'anesthésie, Chirurgie et Radiologie Interventionelle, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Desirée Denadreis
- Service de Médecine Nucléaire, Département d'imagerie, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Eric Baudin
- Service d'oncologie Endocrinienne, Département d'imagerie, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Julien Hadoux
- Service d'oncologie Endocrinienne, Département d'imagerie, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Livia Lamartina
- Service d'oncologie Endocrinienne, Département d'imagerie, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Elhassan MMA, Gismalla MDA, Mohamed SAH, Faggad A. Clinicopathological profile and management of thyroid carcinoma: a Sub-Saharan country experience. Thyroid Res 2023; 16:35. [PMID: 37626413 PMCID: PMC10463320 DOI: 10.1186/s13044-023-00173-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Sudan, there is limited knowledge on the epidemiology, clinical characteristics and pathological patterns of thyroid cancer. To address this shortcoming, we studied the clinical, pathological and treatment patterns of thyroid cancer at the National Cancer Institute ‒ University of Gezira (NCI-UG), Sudan. METHODS We performed a retrospective health facility-based study of patients with thyroid cancer who were treated at NCI-UG from January 2009 to December 2017. RESULTS A total of 139 patients with thyroid cancer were identified during the study period. Tumors were more common among women (69%). Goiter was the main presenting symptom (85%). The most common type of thyroid cancer was follicular carcinoma (41%), followed by papillary carcinoma (24%), then anaplastic carcinoma (20%). The mean age of the women was 56.3 years (SD ± 14.7), compared to 52.5 years (SD ± 16.6) for the men. The frequencies of stage I, II, III, and IV were 17%, 22%, 16%, and 45%, respectively. Different types of thyroidectomies were performed in 79% of the cases, lobectomy in 4%, and no surgery in 17%. Only 28% of the cases received radioactive iodine. Palliative chemotherapy and radiotherapy were prescribed to 17% and 37% of the cases, respectively. CONCLUSION Thyroid cancer is more prevalent among women and most patients present at later stages. The dominance of follicular type suggests that the majority of this population is iodine-deficient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Areeg Faggad
- Department of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute - University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Sudan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ren Z, Ren Y, Bai X, Shang P, Li G. Analysis of factors associated with abnormal thyroid function among medical staff in radiotherapy departments. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1225879. [PMID: 37663838 PMCID: PMC10470063 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1225879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To understand abnormal thyroid function and its associated factors among medical staff in radiotherapy departments. Methods Data related to medical staff in radiotherapy departments who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were analyzed from September to December 2022 in Shenyang, Liaoning Province, including basic personal and lifestyle habits, work information, and scores on the Depression Self-Assessment Scale, Perception Stress Scale, and the Generalized Anxiety Scale. Data analysis was performed using the χ2 test and binary logistic regression. Results Among 484 medical staff in the radiotherapy department, 147 (30.4%) had abnormal thyroid function. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that age, years of work, smoking, occupational exposure, smoking, late-night snacking habits, depression, and stress perception were factors associated with abnormal thyroid function among medical staff in radiotherapy departments; on the other hand, physical exercise was a protective factor. Conclusion The positive rate of thyroid dysfunction among medical personnel in the radiology department is relatively high. It is necessary to strengthen health education and awareness among relevant practitioners and improve the coverage of occupational disease prevention and control education.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Ren
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yanwei Ren
- Department of Paediatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xinghua Bai
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Puyu Shang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Guang Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen D, Lou X, Bao J, Wang Y, Fan Y, Chen Q, Jin J, Chen L. Polychlorinated naphthalene concentrations and temporal trends in serum from the general Chinese adult population and effects of polychlorinated naphthalenes on thyroid function. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023:116309. [PMID: 37301498 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) have stopped being produced and used but have been detected in human serum around the world. Investigating temporal trends in PCN concentrations in human serum will improve our understanding of human exposure to PCNs and the risks posed. We determined the PCN concentrations in serum collected from 32 adults in five consecutive years (2012-2016). The total PCN concentrations in the serum samples were 0.00-5443 pg/g lipid weight. We found no significant decreases in the total PCN concentrations in human serum and even found that the concentrations of some PCN congeners (e.g., CN20) increased over time. We found differences in the PCN concentrations in serum from males and females, the CN75 concentration being significantly higher in serum from females than males, meaning CN75 poses more serious risks to females than males. We found, using molecular docking techniques, that CN75 interferes with thyroid hormone transport in vivo and that CN20 affects thyroid hormone binding to receptors. These two effects are synergistic and can cause hypothyroidism-like symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Chen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xinyu Lou
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Junsong Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China; Engineering Research Center of Food Environment and Public Health, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yuhao Fan
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qianhui Chen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jun Jin
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China; Engineering Research Center of Food Environment and Public Health, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Limei Chen
- Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, 214023, China; Research Base for Environment and Health in Wuxi, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, 214023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li N, Li M, Xiu L, Liao W, Ren Y, Liu H, Chen S, Chen F, Yu X, Fan A, Huo M, He J, Zhong G. Haizao Yuhu decoctions including three species of glycyrrhiza protected against propylthiouracil-induced goiter with hypothyroidism in rats via the AMPK/mTOR pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 296:115443. [PMID: 35680037 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Glycyrrhiza and sargassum are among the 18 incompatible medicaments according to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory. Although it contains glycyrrhiza and sargassum, Haizao Yuhu decoction (HYD) is a classic prescription widely used as TCM to treat goiter. According to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, glycyrrhiza is divided into three varieties: Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fish., Glycyrrhiza glabra L., and Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat. Whether the three varieties of glycyrrhiza have different efficacy or toxicity when applied in the HYD is unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore whether the HYDs comprising three varieties of glycyrrhiza have different efficacy or toxicity when used to treat goiter in rats and the underlying mechanisms of these HYDs. MATERIALS AND METHODS For two weeks, the goiter model was replicated by intragastric propylthiouracil (PTU) administration. Samples were divided into the control group, model group, euthyrox group, HYD with glycyrrhiza uralensis (HYD-U) group, HYD with glycyrrhiza glabra (HYD-G) group, and HYD with glycyrrhiza inflata (HYD-I) group. After four weeks of treatment, body weight, rectal temperature, thyroid/liver/kidney coefficient, thyroid/liver/kidney function, thyroid/liver/kidney histomorphology, and thyroid ultrastructure were evaluated. Then, real-time quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RTqPCR), Western blot, and immunofluorescence analyses were performed to detect genes and proteins affecting autophagy and apoptosis in thyroid cells in the AMP-activated Protein Kinases (AMPK)/Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. RESULTS All three HYDs increased thyroid hormones (THs) levels, relieved thyroid pathological tissue and ultrastructure, and activated vital proteins and genes in the AMPK/mTOR pathway. Comparisons among the efficacy of the three HYDs indicated that HYD-U restored the THs most effectively; however, no difference in the anti-goiter effect was observed. Moreover, the three HYDs resulted in no toxicity and promoted the recovery of impaired liver and kidney function caused by PTU. Comparisons among the recovery effects of the three HYDs on the liver and kidney were the same. CONCLUSION Our experiments demonstrated that the three HYDs had outstanding anti-goiter effects and protected liver and kidney function. Their anti-goiter effects were attributed to AMPK/mTOR pathway-induced autophagy and apoptosis. HYD-U resulted in the best THs recovery. It was further indicated that in our present study, glycyrrhiza and sargassum were compatible in the three HYDs, thereby suggesting their safety of compounding in HYD and providing a basis for the research of the 18 incompatible medicaments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Muyun Li
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Linlin Xiu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Wenyong Liao
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Yuna Ren
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Shaohong Chen
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Feng Chen
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Xue Yu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Angran Fan
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Min Huo
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Jia He
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Gansheng Zhong
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Elaidy SM, Tawfik MM, Ameen AM, Hassan WA, El Sherif I, Amin MK, Elkholy SE. Metformin alleviates the dysregulated testicular steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis induced by carbimazole in levothyroxine-primed rats. Life Sci 2022; 307:120904. [PMID: 36029850 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Most of the published experiments about carbimazole (CMZ)-induced testicular injury are constructed in normal healthy animals, which lakes the translational identification. Despite metformin (MET) having advantageous effects on injured testicles, its impact on thyroid function is arguable. In the current levothyroxine (LT4)/CMZ model, Wistar rats were primed by LT4 for sixty days. CMZ was then given individually or simultaneously with different doses of MET, 100, 200, and 400 mg, daily for thirty days. Serum was assessed for thyroid profile panel, sex hormones, and gonadotropin levels. Testicular tissues were examined for steroidogenesis, spermatogenesis, inflammation, and apoptosis. Histopathology of thyroid and testes were examined, besides thyroidal nuclear factor (NF)-kB expression. MET in a dose-response manner improved the LT4/CMZ-induced testicular toxicity by increasing the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), and 17-β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17βHSD) activities, the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), sperm count and motility, sex hormones, and gonadotropin levels. MET-400 mg markedly decreased the elevated NF-kB expressions, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, caspase-3, and BAX, and increased BCL-2. LT4/CMZ could be used as translational animal modelling. MET displayed a dose-dependent ameliorative effect on the LT4/CMZ model without significant harmful effects on thyroid functions. MET-testicular protective roles in diabetics with thyroidal diseases should be explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samah M Elaidy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed M Tawfik
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Angie M Ameen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Wael Abdou Hassan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt; Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Suliman Al Rajhi University, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Iman El Sherif
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mona Karem Amin
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Shereen E Elkholy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Portsaid University, Portsaid, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Colenci R, Minicucci MF, Soares CSP, de Oliveira CC, de Alencar Marques ME, Tagliarini JV, da Silva Mazeto GMF. Is there a relationship between preoperative cytological diagnosis and evolution in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma? A retrospective study. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2022; 66:237-246. [PMID: 35420266 PMCID: PMC9832890 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective Cytological analysis and Bethesda classification of thyroid nodules is the standard method of diagnosing differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). However, even for nodules with a non-malignant cytological diagnosis, there is a not insignificant risk of cancer. There are doubts whether this lack of certainty would influence patient prognosis. Our aim was to compare patients with DTC, classified according to the preoperative cytological diagnosis, regarding their evolution. Methods A retrospective study was carried out with 108 DTC patients submitted to total thyroidectomy (TT) between 2009 and 2015, divided into three groups according to preoperative cytological diagnosis (Bethesda classification): classes I/II, III/IV, and V/VI. Groups were compared for evolution considering response to treatment at last evaluation as well as time disease free. Statistical analysis used ANOVA, chi squared, and Kaplan-Meier curves with p<0.05 considered significant. Results Groups differed for time between nodule puncture and TT [in months; V/VI (2.35 ± 2.48) < III/IV (7.32 ± 6.34) < I/II (13.36 ± 8.9); p < 0.0001]. There was no significant difference between groups for evolution at final evaluation (disease free status; classes I/II: 71.4%; classes III/IV: 60%; classes V/VI: 66.6%; p = 0.7433), as well as time disease free (in months; classes I/II: 34.57 ± 25.82; classes III/IV: 38.04 ± 26.66; classes V/VI: 30.84 ± 26.34; p = 0.3841). Conclusion DTC patients classified according to preoperative cytological diagnosis did not differ for evolution. Although patients with non-malignant cytological diagnoses were submitted to TT later, this did not affect the evolution of the cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renato Colenci
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - Marcos Ferreira Minicucci
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - Carlos Segundo Paiva Soares
- Departamento de Oftalmologia, Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - Cristiano Claudino de Oliveira
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | | | - José Vicente Tagliarini
- Departamento de Oftalmologia, Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Li L, Cheng L, Sa R, Qiu X, Chen L. Real-world insights into the efficacy and safety of tyrosine kinase inhibitors against thyroid cancers. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 172:103624. [PMID: 35150866 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on clinical trials demonstrating favorable short-term efficacy and tolerable toxicity, several tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been approved for treating locally recurrent or metastatic, progressive radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer, BRAFV600E-mutant anaplastic thyroid cancer, and advanced or progressive medullary thyroid cancer. Longer term efficacy and safety of these treatments have been investigated in multiple real-world studies, demonstrating indispensable complementary value. Hereby, we summarize data from a total of 27 real-world studies with a focus on long-term survival data and rare but life-threatening adverse effects. An overall picture of current real-world study was drawn, and integrated experience of multiple centers would be helpful to clinical practice and further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 227, South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200023, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Ri Sa
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 227, South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200023, China
| | - Xian Qiu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 227, South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200023, China
| | - Libo Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 227, South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang H, Jiang Y, Song J, Liang H, Liu Y, Huang J, Yin P, Wu D, Zhang H, Liu X, Zhou D, Wei W, Lei L, Peng J, Zhang J. The risk of perchlorate and iodine on the incidence of thyroid tumors and nodular goiter: a case-control study in southeastern China. Environ Health 2022; 21:4. [PMID: 34980104 PMCID: PMC8725411 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-021-00818-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence rates of thyroid tumors and nodular goiter show an upward trend worldwide. There are limited reports on the risk of perchlorate and iodine on thyroid tumors, but evidence from population studies is scarce, and their impact on thyroid function is still uncertain. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the association of perchlorate and iodine with the risk of nodular goiter (NG), papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC), and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and to assess the correlation between perchlorate and iodine with thyroid function indicators. METHODS A case-control population consisting of 184 pairs of thyroid tumors and nodular goiter matched by gender and age (±2 years) was recruited in this study. Serum and urine samples were collected from each participant. Thyroid function indicators in serum were tested by automatic chemical immunofluorescence, and perchlorate and iodine levels in urine were determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, respectively. Conditional logistic regressions and multiple linear regressions were used to analyze the associations. RESULTS Urinary perchlorate concentration was significantly higher in total cases, NG and PTC than in the corresponding controls (P < 0.05). Perchlorate was positively associated with PTC (OR = 1.058, 95% CI: 1.009, 1.110) in a non-linear dose-response relationship, but there was no association between perchlorate and NG or PTMC. Iodine was not associated with the risk of thyroid tumors and NG and did not correlate with the thyroid function indicators. Furthermore, perchlorate showed a positive correlation with thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) at iodine adequate levels (P < 0.05), and a negative correlation with free triiodothyronine (FT3) and a positive correlation with thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) at iodine more than adequate or excess levels (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Perchlorate can increase the risk of PTC in a non-linear dose-response relationship and disturb the thyroid hormone homeostasis and thyroid autoantibody levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huirong Wang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.8 Longyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055 China
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No.1023 Shatai Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Yousheng Jiang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.8 Longyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Jiayi Song
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.8 Longyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Huiwen Liang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.8 Longyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.8 Longyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Jiewu Huang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.8 Longyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Pengliang Yin
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.8 Longyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Dongting Wu
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.8 Longyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055 China
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Key Ophthalmic Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No.18 Zetian Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518040 China
| | - Hang Zhang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.8 Longyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Xinjie Liu
- Shenzhen People’s Hospital, No.1017 Dongmen North Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen, 518020 China
| | - Dongxian Zhou
- Shenzhen People’s Hospital, No.1017 Dongmen North Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen, 518020 China
| | - Wei Wei
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, No.1120 Lianhua Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518036 China
| | - Lin Lei
- Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, No.2021 Buxin Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen, 518020 China
| | - Ji Peng
- Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, No.2021 Buxin Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen, 518020 China
| | - Jianqing Zhang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.8 Longyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Al-Shammari MA, Abdel Wahab MM, AlShamlan NA, AlOmar RS, Althunyan AK, Alghamdi LM, Aldhawyan AF, AlAmer NA, Elmaki SA, Al Dandan O. Clinical, Laboratory, and Ultrasound Related Diagnoses of Thyroid Disorders: Using a Family Medicine Center Data to Assess Thyroiditis and Thyroid Nodules in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. J Prim Care Community Health 2022; 13:21501319221095345. [PMID: 35465762 PMCID: PMC9036321 DOI: 10.1177/21501319221095345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction/Objectives: The prevalence of thyroid disorders is high in Saudi Arabia. Among the disorders, goiter and thyroiditis are the most common and have unique ultrasound (US) features, underscoring the need for US screening for thyroid pathologies. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of thyroiditis and thyroid nodules in patients attending the Family and Community Medicine Center of Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University. Methods: This registry-based cross-sectional study analyzed laboratory and US data from 240 patients who attended the Family and Community Medicine Center of Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University from January 2020 to December 2021. Abnormalities of the thyroid gland were categorized according to laboratory and US data. Associations between different types of thyroid pathology and clinical and laboratory findings were assessed using appropriate statistical methods. Results: The majority of participants were Saudi women. The prevalence of thyroiditis in the study population was 43%. Approximately 25% of these patients had more than 1 nodule, and fine-needle aspiration biopsy showed that most nodules were benign. Most nodules were found in clinically euthyroid patients. Thyroiditis might be associated with abnormal thyroid function. Conclusions: Thyroiditis and thyroid nodules were common in our cohort. Vitamin D deficiency, other autoimmune diseases, and a family history of thyroid disorders were associated with thyroiditis and thyroid nodules. US is useful for identifying the type of thyroid disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malak A Al-Shammari
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moataza M Abdel Wahab
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf A AlShamlan
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem S AlOmar
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullatif K Althunyan
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Layla M Alghamdi
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adam Fahad Aldhawyan
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naheel A AlAmer
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara A Elmaki
- Department of Radiology, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omran Al Dandan
- Department of Radiology, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hao R, Han P, Zhang L, Bi Y, Yan J, Li H, Bai Y, Xu C, Li B, Li H. Genetic polymorphisms in the PCNXL2 gene are risk factors for thyroid cancer in the Chinese population. Future Oncol 2021; 17:4677-4686. [PMID: 34747634 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2021-0748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy and the fastest growing cancer worldwide. Thyroid cancer has the largest genetic component of all cancers. Previous genome-wide association studies indicated that genetic polymorphism in PCNXL2 is related to thyroid cancer susceptibility in European populations. This study aims to determine the influence of PCNXL2 polymorphisms on thyroid cancer risk in Chinese individuals. Methods: This case-control study identified four polymorphisms in PCNXL2 among 510 thyroid cancer cases and 509 healthy controls. The associations of PCNXL2 polymorphisms with thyroid cancer susceptibility were detected by calculating odds ratios. Multifactor dimensionality reduction was performed to detect the impact of SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism)-SNP interactions on the risk of thyroid cancer. Results: The study showed that rs10910660 in PCNXL2 was related to thyroid cancer susceptibility. Rs12129938 played a protective role in thyroid cancer susceptibility. Stratification analysis indicated that rs10910660 increased thyroid cancer risk at age >45 years. Rs12129938 enhanced susceptibility to thyroid cancer at age >45 years, while this SNP decreased thyroid cancer risk at age ≤45 years. Rs4649295 was associated with lower susceptibility to thyroid cancer at age ≤45 years. An association was observed between rs6424270 and rs12129938 with decreased susceptibility to thyroid cancer in women. Rs10910660 was related to thyroid cancer risk in men. The combination of rs6424270, rs10910660, rs12129938 and rs4649295 was the best model to predict thyroid cancer. Conclusion: This study suggests that PCNXL2 polymorphisms are risk factors for thyroid cancer in the Chinese population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Runmei Hao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peng Han
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ying Bi
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jinfeng Yan
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Honghui Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanxia Bai
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chongwen Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Baiya Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huajing Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Functions of the Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone on Key Developmental Features Revealed in a Series of Zebrafish Dyshormonogenesis Models. Cells 2021; 10:cells10081984. [PMID: 34440752 PMCID: PMC8391828 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid (HPT) axis regulates many critical features in vertebrates. Utilizing TALENs and CRISPR/Cas9 techniques, thyroid-stimulating hormone subunit beta a (tshba), thyroglobulin (tg), and solute carrier family 16 member 2 (slc16a2) mutant zebrafish lines were generated. Among the three mutants, the earliest time point for the significantly altered T3 contents was observed in tshba mutants, which resulted in the most severe defects, including typical defects such as the retardation of inflated anterior swimming bladder (aSB), proper formation of fin ray and posterior squamation (SP), the larval-to-juvenile transition (LTJT) process, juvenile growth retardation, and mating failure. In tg mutants, which are actually compensated with an alternative splicing form, growth retardation was observed in the juvenile stage without LTJT and reproductive defects. The evident goiter phenotype was only observed in tg- and slc16a2 mutants, but not in tshba mutants. Other than goiters being observed, no other significant developmental defects were found in the slc16a2 mutants. Regarding the reproductive defects observed in tshba mutants, the defective formation of the secondary sex characteristics (SSCs) was observed, while no obvious alterations during gonad development were found. Based on our analyses, zebrafish at the 6–12 mm standard length or 16–35 days post-fertilization (dpf) should be considered to be in their LTJT phase. Using a series of zebrafish dyshormonogenesis models, this study demonstrated that the TSH function is critical for the proper promotion of zebrafish LTJT and SSC formation. In addition, the elevation of TSH levels appears to be essential for goiter appearance in zebrafish.
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu Y, Xu S, Huang Y, Liu S, Xu Z, Wei M, Liu J. MARCH6 promotes Papillary Thyroid Cancer development by destabilizing DHX9. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:3401-3412. [PMID: 34512155 PMCID: PMC8416720 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.60628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane-associated ring-CH-type finger (MARCH) proteins belong to the E3 ubiquitin ligase family, which regulates protein stability by increasing ubiquitination. Recent evidence has shown that some MARCH proteins play important roles in cancer development. However, the role of MARCH6 in tumorigenesis, including thyroid tumorigenesis, remains unknown. In this study, we determined that MARCH6 was upregulated in the majority of primary papillary thyroid cancers (PTCs) at both the mRNA and protein levels. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function studies demonstrated that MARCH6 suppressed apoptosis and promoted cell cycle progression, cell proliferation, growth, migration and tumorigenesis in thyroid cancer cells. Mechanistically, MARCH6 interacted with and downregulated DHX9. Knockdown of DHX9 enhanced the proliferative and migratory abilities of thyroid cancer cells. The inhibitory effect of MARCH6 knockdown on thyroid cancer cell growth and migration was also reversed by DHX9 silencing. In addition, MARCH6 activated the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in a manner dependent on the downregulation of DHX9. Overall, MARCH6 functions as a potential oncogene in thyroid cancer by destabilizing DHX9 and activating AKT/mTOR signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Siyuan Xu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Shaoyan Liu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhengang Xu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Minghui Wei
- Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Vinh D, Zafereo M. Surgical Considerations in Thyroid Cancer: What the Radiologist Needs to Know. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 2021; 31:327-335. [PMID: 34243867 DOI: 10.1016/j.nic.2021.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Management of thyroid cancer requires a multidisciplinary approach including head and neck/endocrine surgeons, endocrinologists, oncologists, and radiologists. The radiographic evaluation of thyroid cancer is critical for complete and precise staging and affects the surgical approach to address these cancers. The purpose of this article is to briefly review the common thyroid cancer pathologies and surgical considerations in thyroid cancer, focusing on the extent of surgery and the influence of preoperative imaging on surgical decision-making. This article assumes that a diagnosis of thyroid cancer has been made and does not discuss the workup or surveillance of thyroid nodules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Vinh
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mark Zafereo
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Li Q, Jiang S, Feng T, Zhu T, Qian B. Identification of the EMT-Related Genes Signature for Predicting Occurrence and Progression in Thyroid Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:3119-3131. [PMID: 34012269 PMCID: PMC8127002 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s301127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The detection rate of thyroid cancer (TC) has been continuously improved due to the development of detection technology. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is thought to be closely related to the malignant progression of tumors. However, the relationship between EMT-related genes (ERGs) characteristics and the diagnosis and prognosis of TC patients has not been studied. METHODS Four datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were used to perform transcriptomic profile analysis. The overlapping differentially expressed ERGs (DEERGs) were analyzed using the R package "limma". Then, the hub genes, which had a higher degree, were identified by the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Gene expression analysis between the TC and normal data, the disease-free survival (DFS) analysis of TC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas Thyroid Cancer (TCGA-THCA) cohort, function analysis, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were performed to verify the importance of the hub genes. Finally, a prognostic risk scoring was constructed to predict DFS in patients with the selected genes. RESULTS A total of 43 DEERGs were identified and 10 DEERGs were considered hub ERGs, which had a high degree of connectivity in the PPI network. Then, the differential expressions of FN1, ITGA2, and KIT between TC and normal tissues were verified in the TCGA-THCA cohort and their protein expressions were also verified by IHC. DFS analysis indicated upregulations of FN1 expression (P<0.01) and ITGA2 expression (P<0.01) and downregulation of KIT expression (P=0.01) increased risks of decreased DFS for TCGA-THCA patients. Besides, by building a prognostic risk scoring model, we found that the DFS of TCGA-THCA patients was significantly worse in high-risk groups. CONCLUSION In summary, these hub ERGs were potential biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of TC, which can provide a basis for further exploring the efficacy of EMT in patients with TC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Public Health College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People’s Republic of China
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital/Clinical Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sheng Jiang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, 610051, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tienan Feng
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital/Clinical Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tengteng Zhu
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital/Clinical Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Biyun Qian
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital/Clinical Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Dedhia PH, Stoeckl EM, McDow AD, Saruni S, Schneider DF, Long KL. Preoperative surgeon-performed ultrasound of massive thyroid goiter in rural Kenya. Am J Surg 2021; 221:925-926. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2020.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
23
|
Wang Y, Xu F, Zhong JY, Lin X, Shan SK, Guo B, Zheng MH, Yuan LQ. Exosomes as Mediators of Cell-to-Cell Communication in Thyroid Disease. Int J Endocrinol 2020; 2020:4378345. [PMID: 32411222 PMCID: PMC7204309 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4378345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are a type of extracellular vehicle, formed by budding cell membranes, containing proteins, DNA, and RNA. Concentrated cargoes from parent cells are enveloped in exosomes, which are cell specific and may have functions in the recipient cell, reflecting a novel physiological and pathological mechanism in disease development. As a transmitter, exosomes shuttle to different cells or tissues and mediate communications among these organelles. To date, several studies have demonstrated that exosomes play crucial roles in disease pathogenesis and development, such as breast and prostate cancer. However, studies investigating connections between exosomes and thyroid disease are limited. In this review, recent research advances on exosomes in thyroid cancer and Graves' disease are reviewed. These studies suggest that exosomes are involved in thyroid disease and appear as impressive potentials in thyroid therapeutic areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jia-Yu Zhong
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Su-Kang Shan
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bei Guo
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming-Hui Zheng
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ling-Qing Yuan
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zafereo M, Yu J, Onakoya PA, Aswani J, Baidoo K, Bogale M, Cairncross L, Cordes S, Daniel A, Diom E, Maurice ME, Mohammed GM, Biadgelign MG, Koné FI, Itiere A, Koch W, Konney A, Kundiona I, Macharia C, Mashamba V, Moore MG, Mugabo RM, Noah P, Omutsani M, Orloff LA, Otiti J, Randolph GW, Sebelik M, Todsen T, Twier K, Fagan JJ. African Head and Neck Society Clinical Practice guidelines for thyroid nodules and cancer in developing countries and limited resource settings. Head Neck 2020; 42:1746-1756. [PMID: 32144948 DOI: 10.1002/hed.26094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND International thyroid nodule and cancer management guidelines generally fail to take into account potential limitations in diagnostic and treatment resources. METHODS Thyroid cancer specialists from the African Head and Neck Society and American Head & Neck Society Endocrine Section developed guidelines for diagnosis and management of thyroid nodules and cancer in low resource settings. Recommendations were based on literature review and expert opinion, with level of evidence defined. RESULTS Using the ADAPTE process, diagnostic and treatment algorithms were adapted from the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN). Low resource settings were simulated by systematically removing elements such as availability of laboratory testing, hormone replacement, imaging, and cytopathology from NCCN guidelines. CONCLUSIONS Successful management of thyroid nodules and cancer in low resource settings requires adaptation of treatment methodologies. These guidelines define specific scenarios where either more or less aggressive intervention for thyroid pathology may be advisable based on limited available resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Zafereo
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Justin Yu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Paul A Onakoya
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Joyce Aswani
- Department of Surgery, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Kenneth Baidoo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana
| | - Mesele Bogale
- Department of Surgery, Adama Hospital Medical College, Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Lydia Cairncross
- Department of Surgery, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Adekunle Daniel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Evelyne Diom
- Department of Otolaryngology, Assane Seck University, Ziguinchor, Senegal
| | - Mpessa E Maurice
- Department of Otolaryngology, University Hospital of Yopougon, Abidjan, Ivory Coast
| | - Garba M Mohammed
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | | | - Fatogoma I Koné
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Gabriel Touré University Hospital, Bamako, Mali
| | - Arnaud Itiere
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, General Hospital of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Congo
| | - Wayne Koch
- Department of ORL/Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Anna Konney
- Department of Otolaryngology, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Innocent Kundiona
- Department of Otolaryngology, Parirenyatwa Group of Hospitals, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Chege Macharia
- Department of General Surgery, AIC Kijabe Hospital, Kenya
| | - Victor Mashamba
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Michael G Moore
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Rajab M Mugabo
- Department of Otolaryngology, King Faisal Hospital, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Patrick Noah
- Department of Surgery, University of Malawi, Zomba, Malawi
| | - Mary Omutsani
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Lisa A Orloff
- Department of Otolaryngology, Division of Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California
| | - Jeffrey Otiti
- Department of Otolaryngology, Uganda Cancer Institute, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Gregory W Randolph
- Division of Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye & Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Merry Sebelik
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Tobias Todsen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Khaled Twier
- Department of Otohinolaryngology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Johannes J Fagan
- Department of Otohinolaryngology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Nixon IJ, Shah JP, Zafereo M, Simo RS, Hay ID, Suárez C, Zbären P, Rinaldo A, Sanabria A, Silver C, Mäkitie A, Vander Poorten V, Kowalski LP, Shaha AR, Randolph GW, Ferlito A. The role of radioactive iodine in the management of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer - An oncologic surgical perspective. Eur J Surg Oncol 2020; 46:754-762. [PMID: 31952928 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2020.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
With improved understanding of the biology of differentiated thyroid carcinoma its management is evolving. The approach to surgery for the primary tumour and elective nodal surgery is moving from a "one-size-fits-all" recommendation to a more personalised approach based on risk group stratification. With this selective approach to initial surgery, the indications for adjuvant radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy are also changing. This selective approach to adjuvant therapy requires understanding by the entire treatment team of the rationale for RAI, the potential for benefit, the limitations of the evidence, and the potential for side-effects. This review considers the evidence base for the benefits of using RAI in the primary and recurrent setting as well as the side-effects and risks from RAI treatment. By considering the pros and cons of adjuvant therapy we present an oncologic surgical perspective on selection of treatment for patients, both following pre-operative diagnostic biopsy and in the setting of a post-operative diagnosis of malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I J Nixon
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, NHS Lothian, University of Edinburgh, UK.
| | - J P Shah
- Head and Neck Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Zafereo
- Head and Neck Surgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - R S Simo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Head, Neck and Thyroid Oncology Unit, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - I D Hay
- Division of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - C Suárez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - P Zbären
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - A Rinaldo
- University of Udine School of Medicine, Udine, Italy
| | - A Sanabria
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Centro de Excelencia en Cirugia de Cabeza y Cuello-CEXCA, Medellin, Colombia
| | - C Silver
- Department of Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - A Mäkitie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland; Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - V Vander Poorten
- Department of Oncology, section Head and Neck Oncology, KU Leuven, and Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - L P Kowalski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, and Head and Neck Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A R Shaha
- Head and Neck Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - G W Randolph
- Division of Thyroid and Parathyroid Endocrine Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Ferlito
- Coordinator of the International Head and Neck Scientific Group, Padua, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Vaccher E, Schioppa O, Martellotta F, Fornasier G, Giacomin E, Re FL, Baldo P, Corona G, Gobitti C. Safety Profiles and Pharmacovigilance Considerations for Recently Patented Anticancer Drugs: Advanced Thyroid Cancer. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2019; 14:226-241. [PMID: 31362663 DOI: 10.2174/1574892814666190726143011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine neoplasia and represents approximately 1.5% to 2.1% of all cancers diagnosed annually worldwide. Iodine Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma (RR-DTC) and advanced/metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma are relatively uncommon yet prognostically significant thyroid cancers. Gene rearrangements resulting in the aberrant activity of tyrosine kinases have been identified as drivers of oncogenesis in a variety of cancers, including thyroid cancer. Many Multi-Kinase Inhibitors (MKIs) which are now FDA-/EMA approved for thyroid cancer have shown clinical benefit in patients with advanced cancer. Treatment related toxicities occur frequently with these drugs and can be severe or life-threatening. OBJECTIVES This review summarizes the role of targeted therapy with MKIs in the management of RRDTC and advanced/metastatic MTC patients, focusing on side-effect profiles of these drugs, with a presentation of several recent patents published in this field. METHODS We review the scientific literature on advanced thyroid cancer and analyze the International Pharmacovigilance database (FAERS, Eudravigilance, and WHO Vigibase) for adverse drug reactions. RESULTS This systematic analysis highlights the difference in the safety profile of the recent drugs used in the treatment of advanced thyroid cancer and the recent discoveries for diagnosis or treatment of the thyroid cancer. CONCLUSION It is essential to investigate the safety profile of recent anticancer drugs for advanced thyroid cancer to allow health professionals to make the best choice for each patient by conducting risk/benefit assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Vaccher
- Medical Oncology and Immune-related Tumors, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano 33081, Italy
| | - Ornella Schioppa
- Medical Oncology and Immune-related Tumors, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano 33081, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Martellotta
- Medical Oncology and Immune-related Tumors, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano 33081, Italy
| | - Giulia Fornasier
- Pharmacy Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano 33081, Italy
| | - Elisa Giacomin
- Pharmacy Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano 33081, Italy
| | - Francesco Lo Re
- Pharmacy Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano 33081, Italy
| | - Paolo Baldo
- Pharmacy Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano 33081, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Corona
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano 33081, Italy
| | - Carlo Gobitti
- Radiation Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano 33081, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Shao CC, Luo D, Pang GD, Xiao J, Yang XR, Zhang Y, Jia HY. A dose–response meta-analysis of coffee consumption and thyroid cancer occurrence. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019; 71:176-185. [PMID: 31364891 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2019.1646712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun Chun Shao
- Center of Evidence-based Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Di Luo
- The First Clinical Medical School, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Guo Dong Pang
- Department of Radiology, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Juan Xiao
- Center of Evidence-based Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao Rong Yang
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Center of Evidence-based Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hong Ying Jia
- Center of Evidence-based Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Carvalho IS, Gonçalves CI, Almeida JT, Azevedo T, Martins T, Rodrigues FJ, Lemos MC. Association of Vitamin D Pathway Genetic Variation and Thyroid Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10080572. [PMID: 31357732 PMCID: PMC6723605 DOI: 10.3390/genes10080572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is mostly known for its role in bone and calcium metabolism. However, studies have suggested that it also has inhibitory effects on tumor development and progression. Genetic variants close to genes that encode crucial enzymes for the synthesis (DHCR7 rs12785878), metabolism (CYP2R1 rs2060793) and degradation (CYP24A1 rs6013897) of vitamin D have been associated with serum levels of vitamin D. The aim of this case-control study was to determine the effect of these variants in the vitamin D pathway on the susceptibility to thyroid cancer. Five hundred patients with differentiated thyroid cancer and 500 controls were genotyped for the DHCR7 rs12785878, CYP2R1 rs2060793, and CYP24A1 rs6013897 variants. Genotype and allele frequencies were compared between patients and controls. The DHCR7 rs12785878 minor allele was associated with thyroid cancer under an additive (OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.15–1.65, p = 0.0004) and codominant (OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.30–2.74, p = 0.0021) model. These findings suggest that DHCR7 polymorphisms may be associated with an increased risk of thyroid cancer due to an effect of this gene on circulating vitamin D levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel S Carvalho
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Catarina I Gonçalves
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Joana T Almeida
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Teresa Azevedo
- Serviço de Endocrinologia, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Teresa Martins
- Serviço de Endocrinologia, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Fernando J Rodrigues
- Serviço de Endocrinologia, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Manuel C Lemos
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Liu L, He C, Zhou Q, Wang G, Lv Z, Liu J. Identification of key genes and pathways of thyroid cancer by integrated bioinformatics analysis. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:23647-23657. [PMID: 31169306 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is a common endocrine malignancy with a rapidly increasing incidence worldwide. Although its mortality is steady or declining because of earlier diagnoses, its survival rate varies because of different tumour types. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify key biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets in thyroid cancer. The expression profiles of GSE3467, GSE5364, GSE29265 and GSE53157 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, which included a total of 97 thyroid cancer and 48 normal samples. After screening significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in each data set, we used the robust rank aggregation method to identify 358 robust DEGs, including 135 upregulated and 224 downregulated genes, in four datasets. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses of DEGs were performed by DAVID and the KOBAS online database, respectively. The results showed that these DEGs were significantly enriched in various cancer-related functions and pathways. Then, the STRING database was used to construct the protein-protein interaction network, and modules analysis was performed. Finally, we filtered out five hub genes, including LPAR5, NMU, FN1, NPY1R, and CXCL12, from the whole network. Expression validation and survival analysis of these hub genes based on the The Cancer Genome Atlas database suggested the robustness of the above results. In conclusion, these results provided novel and reliable biomarkers for thyroid cancer, which will be useful for further clinical applications in thyroid cancer diagnosis, prognosis and targeted therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Center For Digestive Diseases, The People's Hospital of Baoan Shenzhen, The 8th People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Chen He
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Central Laboratory, The People's Hospital of Baoan Shenzhen, The 8th People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ganlu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Center For Digestive Diseases, The People's Hospital of Baoan Shenzhen, The 8th People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiwu Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, Center For Digestive Diseases, The People's Hospital of Baoan Shenzhen, The 8th People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jintao Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Center For Digestive Diseases, The People's Hospital of Baoan Shenzhen, The 8th People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Tang Y, Shi L, Jiang B, Zhou Z, Shen X. A Cross-Sectional Study of Oral Lichen Planus Associated With Thyroid Diseases in East China. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:928. [PMID: 32038488 PMCID: PMC6992563 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of thyroid diseases in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) and to explore the correlation between the two diseases. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the history of thyroid disease in 585 patients with oral lichen planus diagnosed in the Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases of the Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine from June 2017 to April 2018 and in 10,441 normal people in an epidemiological survey conducted by endocrinology department of Ninth People's Hospitalin eastern China from 2014 to 2015. Personal medical history of thyroid disease was obtained through questionnaire and thyroid function was also tested. Results: Of the 585 patients with OLP, 190 (32.48%) had thyroid disease (excluding coexistence of multiple thyroid diseases), 62 (32.6%) had thyroid nodules, and 71 (37.4%) had Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Hyperthyroidism was diagnosed in six patients (3.2%), hypothyroidism in seven patients (3.7%), and thyroid cancer in 11 patients (5.8%). The prevalence of Hashimoto's thyroiditis was significantly higher in patients with oral lichen planus than in the general population. The probability of thyroid disease was significantly higher in women with OLP than in men with OLP (P < 0.001). Conclusion: OLP is associated with a high probability of developing thyroid disease, especially Hashimoto's thyroiditis. In the management of OLP patients, especially in female patients, thyroid disease must be screened.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunju Tang
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Linjun Shi
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Boren Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zengtong Zhou
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuemin Shen
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xuemin Shen
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Differentiated thyroid cancer: Why does it affect predominantly women during the reproductive period and have higher incidence of mutual association with breast cancer? Med Hypotheses 2018; 122:5-7. [PMID: 30593422 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is markedly more common in women than men, and its occurrence and risk for poorer prognosis are associated with pregnancy. Further, it is known that there is a high frequency of co-occurrence of DTC and breast cancer. Although the underlying mechanisms that contribute to these phenomena are not entirely clear, 2 hypotheses are proposed here. First, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) produced by the placenta may be involved, since hCG has a similar function to stimulate the thyroid as thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), the latter of which is known to play a role in causing DTC and may promote breast cancer through the secretion of thyroid hormones (THs). Second, thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), which is stimulated by suckling in the puerperal period, induces the secretion of not only TSH and thus indirectly THs, but also prolactin (PRL), which can accelerate the development of breast cancer. These hypotheses also explain the pregnancy-associated transient increase in breast cancer risk, while inhibition of estrogen by PRL may have a long-term preventive effect on breast cancer. Pregnancy-associated hyperthyroidism may also account for female preponderance of thyroid disease in general as well as tumors in organs that the thyroid hormone targets such as cardiac myxoma and diffuse-type gastric carcinoma.
Collapse
|
32
|
Li D, Cui C, Chen J, Hu Z, Wang Y, Hu D. Long non‑coding RNA UCA1 promotes papillary thyroid cancer cell proliferation via miR‑204‑mediated BRD4 activation. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:3059-3067. [PMID: 30015945 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non‑coding RNA (lncRNA) urothelial carcinoma‑associated 1 (UCA1) has been used in tumor development and progression in many types of cancer. However, the function and mechanism underlying the action of UCA1 in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) remains unclear. Therefore, these topics were investigated in the present study by in vitro and in vivo experiments. It was demonstrated that the expression level of UCA1 was more significantly upregulated in PTC cell lines and tissues when compared with the immortal human thyroid follicular cell line and adjacent normal tissues, respectively. UCA1 knockdown significantly inhibited PTC cell viability, colony formation and the bromodomain containing 4 (BRD4) expression level in vitro, and retarded PTC tumor growth in vivo. In the previous study, microRNA (miR)‑204 inhibited thyroid cancer progression and was regulated by UCA1 in other types of cancer. In addition, by conducting dual luciferase reporter assays, it was confirmed that miR‑204 directly binds to UCA1 and the 3'‑untranslated region of BRD4. Furthermore, UCA1 competed with BRD4 for miR‑204 binding. miR‑204 knockdown enhanced BRD4 expression, which can be partially restored by short hairpin‑UCA1. The results of the present study illustrated that UCA1 promotes PTC progression by acting as a competing endogenous RNA by sponging miR‑204. In conclusion, UCA1 may be regarded as an oncogenic lncRNA, promoting PTC cell proliferation, and be a potential target for human PTC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Li
- Department of Endocrinology 1, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272029, P.R. China
| | - Chuanyou Cui
- Department of Breast, Thyroid and Hernia Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Endocrinology 1, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272029, P.R. China
| | - Zhifang Hu
- Department of Endocrinology 1, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272029, P.R. China
| | - Yonghui Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
| | - Dongyu Hu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272029, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|