1
|
Gabbay V, Ely BA, Vileisis JN, Petrovic Z, Cicvaric A, Asnis GM, Kim-Schulze S, Radulovic J. Immune and neural response to acute social stress in adolescent humans and rodents. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:306. [PMID: 39054336 PMCID: PMC11272929 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-03008-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies in adults have linked stress-related activation of the immune system to the manifestation of psychiatric conditions. Using a translational design, this study aimed to examine the impact of social stress on immune activity in adolescents and on neuronal activity in a preclinical mouse model. Participants were 31 adolescents (ages 12-19), including 25 with mood and anxiety symptoms. Whole-blood samples were collected before and after the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST), a stress-inducing public speaking task, then cultured for 6 hours in the presence and absence of the inflammatory endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Effects of TSST and LPS on 41 immune biomarkers were examined using repeated-measures analysis of variance. Separately, juvenile (8-week-old) male mice were non-stressed or exposed to reminder social defeat then intraperitoneally injected with saline or LPS (n = 6/group). Brains were perfused and collected for immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy at 0, 1, 6, and 24 hours post-injection. The activity was determined by the density of cFos-positive neurons in the paraventricular hypothalamus, paraventricular thalamus, and basolateral amygdala, regions known to show sustained activation to immunological challenge. Analyses in the adolescent study indicated a strong effect of LPS but no effects of TSST or TSST×LPS interaction on immune biomarkers. Similarly, reminder social defeat did not induce sustained neuronal activity changes comparable to LPS immunological challenge in juvenile mice. Our convergent findings across species suggest that the acute immune response to stress documented in adults is not present in youth. Thus, aging and chronicity effects may play an important role in the inflammatory response to acute psychosocial stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vilma Gabbay
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
- Department of Clinical Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA.
| | - Benjamin A Ely
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Julia N Vileisis
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Zorica Petrovic
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Ana Cicvaric
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Gregory M Asnis
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Seunghee Kim-Schulze
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jelena Radulovic
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
García-Cabrerizo R, Cryan JF. A gut (microbiome) feeling about addiction: Interactions with stress and social systems. Neurobiol Stress 2024; 30:100629. [PMID: 38584880 PMCID: PMC10995916 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2024.100629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, an increasing attention has given to the intricate and diverse connection of microorganisms residing in our gut and their impact on brain health and central nervous system disease. There has been a shift in mindset to understand that drug addiction is not merely a condition that affects the brain, it is now being recognized as a disorder that also involves external factors such as the intestinal microbiota, which could influence vulnerability and the development of addictive behaviors. Furthermore, stress and social interactions, which are closely linked to the intestinal microbiota, are powerful modulators of addiction. This review delves into the mechanisms through which the microbiota-stress-immune axis may shape drug addiction and social behaviors. This work integrates preclinical and clinical evidence that demonstrate the bidirectional communication between stress, social behaviors, substance use disorders and the gut microbiota, suggesting that gut microbes might modulate social stress having a significance in drug addiction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rubén García-Cabrerizo
- IUNICS, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain
| | - John F. Cryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gabbay V, Ely B, Vileisis J, Petrovic Z, Cicvaric A, Asnis G, Kim-Schulze S, Radulovic J. Immune and Neural Response to Acute Social Stress in Adolescent Humans and Rodents. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3845793. [PMID: 38405791 PMCID: PMC10889054 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3845793/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Studies in adults have linked stress-related activation of the immune system to the manifestation of psychiatric conditions. Using a translational design, this study aimed to examine the impact of social stress on immune activity in adolescents and on neuronal activity in a preclinical mouse model. Participants were 31 adolescents (ages 12-19), including 25 with mood and anxiety symptoms. Whole-blood samples were collected before and after the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST), a stress-inducing public speaking task, then cultured for 6 hours in the presence and absence of the inflammatory endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Effects of TSST and LPS on 41 immune biomarkers were examined using repeated-measures analysis of variance. Separately, juvenile (8-week-old) male mice were non-stressed or exposed to reminder social defeat then intraperitoneally injected with saline or LPS (n = 6/group). Brains were perfused and collected for immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy at 0, 1, 6, and 24 hours post-injection. Activity was determined by the density of cFos-positive neurons in the paraventricular hypothalamus, paraventricular thalamus, and basolateral amygdala, regions known to show sustained activation to immunological challenge. Analyses in the adolescent study indicated a strong effect of LPS but no effects of TSST or TSST×LPS interaction on immune biomarkers. Similarly, reminder social defeat did not induce sustained neuronal activity changes comparable to LPS immunological challenge in juvenile mice. Our convergent findings across species suggest that the acute immune response to stress documented in adults is not present in youth. Thus, aging and chronicity effects may play an important role in the inflammatory response to acute psychosocial stress.
Collapse
|
4
|
Pantoja-Urbán AH, Richer S, Mittermaier A, Giroux M, Nouel D, Hernandez G, Flores C. Gains and Losses: Resilience to Social Defeat Stress in Adolescent Female Mice. Biol Psychiatry 2024; 95:37-47. [PMID: 37355003 PMCID: PMC10996362 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence is a unique period of psychosocial growth during which social adversity can negatively influence mental health trajectories. Understanding how adolescent social stress impacts males and females and why some individuals are particularly affected is becoming increasingly urgent. Social defeat stress models for adolescent male mice have been effective in reproducing some physical/psychological aspects of bullying. Designing a model suitable for females has proven challenging. METHODS We report a version of the adolescent male accelerated social defeat stress (AcSD) paradigm adapted for females. Early adolescent C57BL/6J female mice (N = 107) were exposed to our modified AcSD procedure twice a day for 4 days and categorized as resilient or susceptible based on a social interaction test 24 hours later. Mice were then assessed for changes in Netrin-1/DCC guidance cue expression in dopamine systems, for inhibitory control in adulthood using the Go/No-Go task, or for alterations in dopamine connectivity organization in the matured prefrontal cortex. RESULTS Most adolescent females showed protection against stress-induced social avoidance, but in adulthood, these resilient females developed inhibitory control deficits and showed diminution of prefrontal cortex presynaptic dopamine sites. Female mice classified as susceptible were protected against cognitive and dopaminergic alterations. AcSD did not alter Netrin-1/DCC in early adolescent females, contrary to previous findings with males. CONCLUSIONS Preserving prosocial behavior in adolescent females may be important for survival advantage but seems to come at the price of developing persistent cognitive and dopamine deficiencies. The female AcSD paradigm produced findings comparable to those found in males, allowing mechanistic investigation in both sexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Harée Pantoja-Urbán
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada; Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Samuel Richer
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada; Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Michel Giroux
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Dominique Nouel
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Cecilia Flores
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Québec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Saito A, Murata H, Niitani K, Nagasaki J, Otoda A, Chujo Y, Yanagida J, Nishitani N, Deyama S, Kaneda K. Social defeat stress enhances the rewarding effects of cocaine through α 1A adrenoceptors in the medial prefrontal cortex of mice. Neuropharmacology 2024; 242:109757. [PMID: 37839511 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Various stressors potentiate the rewarding effects of cocaine and contribute to cocaine cravings. However, it remains unclear whether psychosocial stress enhances the rewarding effects of cocaine. Accordingly, this study employed a cocaine-conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm combined with social defeat (SD) exposure to investigate the effects of acute SD stress on cocaine reward in male mice. We found that SD stress immediately before the posttest significantly increased cocaine CPP, and systemic blockade of α1 adrenoceptors, but not β adrenoceptors, suppressed this increase. Fiber photometry recordings with GRABNE1m sensors revealed increased noradrenaline (NA) levels in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in test mice in response to attacks by aggressor mice during SD. Moreover, the SD stress-induced enhancement of CPP was effectively suppressed by intra-mPFC infusion of an α1 adrenoceptor antagonist. In vitro whole-cell recordings demonstrated that silodosin, an α1A, but not α1B or α1D, adrenoceptor antagonist, inhibited NA-induced depolarizing currents and facilitation of excitatory synaptic transmissions. Consistently, intra-mPFC silodosin infusion significantly suppressed the SD stress-induced CPP enhancement. Conversely, intra-mPFC infusion of α1A adrenoceptor agonist augmented cocaine CPP in the absence of stress exposure. Additionally, intranasal silodosin administration attenuated the SD stress-induced enhancement of CPP, and chemogenetic inhibition of mPFC excitatory neurons also suppressed the SD stress-induced CPP enhancement. Together, these findings suggest that NA stimulation of α1A adrenoceptors and the subsequent activation of mPFC pyramidal cells may contribute to SD stress-induced amplification of the rewarding effects of cocaine, and intranasal silodosin administration may hold therapeutic potential for mitigating stress-associated cocaine craving.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Saito
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Haruka Murata
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Kazuhei Niitani
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Junpei Nagasaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Atsuki Otoda
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yusuke Chujo
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Junko Yanagida
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Naoya Nishitani
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Satoshi Deyama
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Kaneda
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Favoretto CA, Bertagna NB, Righi T, Rodolpho BT, Anjos-Santos A, Silva FBR, Bianchi PC, Cruz FC. Impacts of maternal separation stress on ethanol-related responses, anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors in adolescent mice. Neurosci Lett 2023; 809:137295. [PMID: 37182574 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The present work evaluated the consequences of chronic maternal separation (MS), an animal model of early-life stress, on ethanol intake and striatal Fos expression induced by ethanol consumption. Furthermore, we analyzed MS impacts on anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors and on locomotor and plasma corticosterone responses to intraperitoneal treatment with ethanol in adolescent mice. For that, male and female C57BL/6J mice were exposed or not to MS stress, for 3 h per day, from postnatal day (PND) 1 to 14, and submitted to behavioral tests from PND 28. In Experiment 1, MS and control groups of mice were submitted to an involuntary ethanol intake protocol, and striatal Fos expression following ethanol exposure was analyzed. In Experiment 2, mice behavior was assessed in elevated plus-maze, sucrose splash, saccharin preference, and open field tests. Locomotor and plasma corticosterone responses induced by a systemic dose of ethanol (1.75 g/kg) were also evaluated. Our results demonstrated that MS increased ethanol intake only in an acute manner and did not impact ethanol-induced Fos expression in the dorsal striatum and nucleus accumbens (NAc) core and shell subregions. MS did not change the parameters analyzed during elevated plus-maze, sucrose splash, preference for saccharin, and open field tests. MS did not affect locomotor activity following ethanol injection nor plasma corticosterone response to the drug. Thus, our data showed that MS transiently increased ethanol intake. However, early-life stress did not impact Fos, locomotor, or plasma corticosterone responses to the drug. In addition, MS did not affect anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors in adolescent mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C A Favoretto
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, Pharmacology Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - N B Bertagna
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, Pharmacology Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - T Righi
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, Pharmacology Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - B T Rodolpho
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, Pharmacology Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A Anjos-Santos
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, Pharmacology Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - F B R Silva
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, Pharmacology Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - P C Bianchi
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, Pharmacology Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - F C Cruz
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, Pharmacology Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
González-Portilla M, Montagud-Romero S, Rodríguez de Fonseca F, Rodríguez-Arias M. Oleoylethanolamide restores stress-induced prepulse inhibition deficits and modulates inflammatory signaling in a sex-dependent manner. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2023:10.1007/s00213-023-06403-w. [PMID: 37314479 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-023-06403-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Social stress contributes to the development of depressive and anxiety symptomatology and promotes pro-inflammatory signaling in the central nervous system. In this study, we explored the effects of a lipid messenger with anti-inflammatory properties - oleoylethanolamide (OEA) - on the behavioral deficits caused by social stress in both male and female mice. METHODS Adult mice were assigned to an experimental group according to the stress condition (control or stress) and treatment (vehicle or OEA, 10 mg/kg, i.p.). Male mice in the stress condition underwent a protocol consisting of four social defeat (SD) encounters. In the case of female mice, we employed a procedure of vicarious SD. After the stress protocol resumed, anxiety, depressive-like behavior, social interaction, and prepulse inhibition (PPI) were assessed. In addition, we characterized the stress-induced inflammatory profile by measuring IL-6 and CX3CL1 levels in the striatum and hippocampus. RESULTS Our results showed that both SD and VSD induced behavioral alterations. We found that OEA treatment restored PPI deficits in socially defeated mice. Also, OEA affected differently stress-induced anxiety and depressive-like behavior in male and female mice. Biochemical analyses showed that both male and female stressed mice showed increased levels of IL-6 in the striatum compared to control mice. Similarly, VSD female mice exhibited increased striatal CX3CL1 levels. These neuroinflammation-associated signals were not affected by OEA treatment. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our results confirm that SD and VSD induced behavioral deficits together with inflammatory signaling in the striatum and hippocampus. We observed that OEA treatment reverses stress-induced PPI alterations in male and female mice. These data suggest that OEA can exert a buffering effect on stress-related sensorimotor gating behavioral processing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Macarena González-Portilla
- Department of Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitat de València, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sandra Montagud-Romero
- Department of Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitat de València, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca
- Unidad Clínica de Neurología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010, Málaga, Spain
- Atención Primaria, Cronicidad Y Promoción de La Salud. Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Adicciones (RIAPAD) Rd21/0009/0005, Málaga, Spain
| | - Marta Rodríguez-Arias
- Department of Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitat de València, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
- Atención Primaria, Cronicidad Y Promoción de La Salud. Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Adicciones (RIAPAD) Rd21/0009/0005, Málaga, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ferrer-Pérez C, Reguilón MD, Miñarro J, Rodríguez-Arias M. Effect of Voluntary Wheel-Running Exercise on the Endocrine and Inflammatory Response to Social Stress: Conditioned Rewarding Effects of Cocaine. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102373. [PMID: 36289635 PMCID: PMC9598819 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present paper evaluates the effect of physical activity on the increase of the conditioned rewarding effects of cocaine induced by intermittent social stress and on the neuroinflammatory response that contributes to the enhancement of drug response. For that purpose, three studies were designed in which social stress was induced in different samples of mice through a social-defeat protocol; the mice underwent an increase of physical activity by different modalities of voluntary wheel running (continuous and intermittent access). The results showed that continuous access to running wheels prior to stress enhanced the establishment of cocaine place preference, whereas an intermittent access exerted a protective effect. Wheel running contingent to cocaine administration prevented the development of conditioned preference, and if applied during the extinction of drug memories, it exerted a dual effect depending on the stress background of the animal. Our biological analysis revealed that increased sensitivity to cocaine may be related to the fact that wheel running promotes inflammation though the increase of IL-6 and BDNF levels. Together, these results highlight that physical exercise deeply impacts the organism’s response to stress and cocaine, and these effects should be taken into consideration in the design of a physical intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Ferrer-Pérez
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 44003 Teruel, Spain
| | - Marina D. Reguilón
- Department of Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - José Miñarro
- Department of Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Rodríguez-Arias
- Department of Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
The anxiogenic effects of adolescent psychological stress in male and female mice. Behav Brain Res 2022; 432:113963. [PMID: 35700812 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Adolescence is a period of transition during which there is extensive development of the brain and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. However, the term adolescence is broad and covers a number of important developmental periods ranging from pre-pubescence to sexual maturity. Using a predator stress model, we investigated the effects of chronic psychological stress on anxiety-like, depression-like, and social behaviours in male and female mice during early adolescence, when mice are pre-pubertal, and late adolescence, when mice are sexually mature. All stressed mice showed hyperactivity and increased anxiety-like behaviours. The anxiogenic effects were generally more pronounced in mice exposed to late, rather than early adolescent stress, but were clearly evident when stress was experienced at either timepoint. Risk assessment behaviours were also affected by the stress treatments, but the direction of these changes were sometimes sex- and age-specific. Surprisingly, mice stressed during adolescence showed no depressive-like behaviours as adults. This study provides evidence that adolescent psychological stress has pronounced long-term anxiogenic effects but that the precise behavioural phenotype differs based on sex and the sub-stage of adolescence during which the individual is exposed.
Collapse
|
10
|
Pomrenze MB, Paliarin F, Maiya R. Friend of the Devil: Negative Social Influences Driving Substance Use Disorders. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:836996. [PMID: 35221948 PMCID: PMC8866771 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.836996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Substance use disorders in humans have significant social influences, both positive and negative. While prosocial behaviors promote group cooperation and are naturally rewarding, distressing social encounters, such as aggression exhibited by a conspecific, are aversive and can enhance the sensitivity to rewarding substances, promote the acquisition of drug-taking, and reinstate drug-seeking. On the other hand, withdrawal and prolonged abstinence from drugs of abuse can promote social avoidance and suppress social motivation, accentuating drug cravings and facilitating relapse. Understanding how complex social states and experiences modulate drug-seeking behaviors as well as the underlying circuit dynamics, such as those interacting with mesolimbic reward systems, will greatly facilitate progress on understanding triggers of drug use, drug relapse and the chronicity of substance use disorders. Here we discuss some of the common circuit mechanisms underlying social and addictive behaviors that may underlie their antagonistic functions. We also highlight key neurochemicals involved in social influences over addiction that are frequently identified in comorbid psychiatric conditions. Finally, we integrate these data with recent findings on (±)3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) that suggest functional segregation and convergence of social and reward circuits that may be relevant to substance use disorder treatment through the competitive nature of these two types of reward. More studies focused on the relationship between social behavior and addictive behavior we hope will spur the development of treatment strategies aimed at breaking vicious addiction cycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew B. Pomrenze
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Matthew B. Pomrenze Rajani Maiya
| | - Franciely Paliarin
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Rajani Maiya
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
- *Correspondence: Matthew B. Pomrenze Rajani Maiya
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Calpe-López C, Martínez-Caballero MA, García-Pardo MP, Aguilar MA. Resilience to the effects of social stress on vulnerability to developing drug addiction. World J Psychiatry 2022; 12:24-58. [PMID: 35111578 PMCID: PMC8783163 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v12.i1.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We review the still scarce but growing literature on resilience to the effects of social stress on the rewarding properties of drugs of abuse. We define the concept of resilience and how it is applied to the field of drug addiction research. We also describe the internal and external protective factors associated with resilience, such as individual behavioral traits and social support. We then explain the physiological response to stress and how it is modulated by resilience factors. In the subsequent section, we describe the animal models commonly used in the study of resilience to social stress, and we focus on the effects of chronic social defeat (SD), a kind of stress induced by repeated experience of defeat in an agonistic encounter, on different animal behaviors (depression- and anxiety-like behavior, cognitive impairment and addiction-like symptoms). We then summarize the current knowledge on the neurobiological substrates of resilience derived from studies of resilience to the effects of chronic SD stress on depression- and anxiety-related behaviors in rodents. Finally, we focus on the limited studies carried out to explore resilience to the effects of SD stress on the rewarding properties of drugs of abuse, describing the current state of knowledge and suggesting future research directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria P García-Pardo
- Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Teruel 44003, Spain
| | - Maria A Aguilar
- Department of Psychobiology, University of Valencia, Valencia 46010, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Reguilón MD, Ferrer-Pérez C, Manzanedo C, Miñarro J, Rodríguez-Arias M. Ethanol intake in male mice exposed to social defeat: Environmental enrichment potentiates resilience. Neurobiol Stress 2021; 15:100413. [PMID: 34815986 PMCID: PMC8591477 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Large preclinical evidence shows that exposure to social defeat (SD) increases vulnerability to drug abuse, increasing the consumption of ethanol. However, not all subjects are equally affected by the changes induced by stress. Previous reports have evidenced that the resilient phenotype to depressive-like behaviors after SD is associated with the resistant phenotype to cocaine-increased rewarding effects and the smaller neuroinflammatory response. The aim of the present study was to further clarify whether the resilient profile to depressive-like behavior also predicts a protection against the increase in ethanol intake induced by SD. The neuroinflammatory profile was studied after the end of the oral ethanol self-administration (SA) procedure, measuring levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and the chemokine CX3CL1 or fractalkine in the striatum and prefrontal cortex. Previous studies have shown that environmental enrichment (EE) is an effective mechanism to dimish the detrimental effects of social stress. In a second study, we aimed to evaluate if EE housing before exposure to SD could potentiate resilience. Our results showed that mice with a phenotype susceptible to SD-induced depressive-like behaviors showed increased ethanol consumption and increased neuroinflammatory signaling. In contrast, despite the lack of effect on depressive-like behaviors, defeated mice previously housed under EE conditions did not show an increase in ethanol SA or an increase in immune response. To sum up, the resilient phenotype to SD develops at different levels, such as depressive-like behaviors, ethanol consumption and the neuroinflammatory response. Our results also point to the protective role of EE in potentiating resilience to SD effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina D Reguilón
- Unit of Research Psychobiology of Drug Dependence, Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de València, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmen Ferrer-Pérez
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, C/ Ciudad Escolar s/n, 44003, Teruel, Spain
| | - Carmen Manzanedo
- Unit of Research Psychobiology of Drug Dependence, Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de València, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - José Miñarro
- Unit of Research Psychobiology of Drug Dependence, Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de València, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Rodríguez-Arias
- Unit of Research Psychobiology of Drug Dependence, Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de València, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
García-Pardo MP, De la Rubia Ortí JE, Calpe-López C, Aguilar MA. Role of acute social stress in the rewarding effects of MDMA in adolescent mice. Behav Brain Res 2021; 410:113348. [PMID: 33971245 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Drug use among adolescents is a serious problem in our society, as some individuals develop dependence and addiction. MDMA/Esctasy is one of the most typically used substances by this age group. It is well known that environmental factors can alter the rewarding properties of drugs and the propensity to drug-related disorders. In this sense, exposure to social stress induces long-term effects in mice, enhancing the rewarding effects of MDMA in the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm. On the other hand, previous research has not provided conclusive results regarding the short-term effects of social defeat on MDMA reward in adolescent animals, probably due to the use of very low or very high doses. Thus, in the present study, we set out to evaluate whether exposure to social defeat immediately before each conditioning session with an intermediate dose of MDMA (2.25 mg/kg) modulates the rewarding effect of this drug in adolescent animals. Our results indicate that both control and socially defeated mice acquired CPP, but only stressed mice showed reinstatement. These findings indicate that social defeat induces an increase in the rewarding effect of MDMA, suggesting that this type of stress is a potential factor in the development of MDMA addiction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M P García-Pardo
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, Campu Teruel, Spain.
| | | | - C Calpe-López
- Unidad de Investigación Psicobiología de las Drogodependencias, Departamento de Psicobiología, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Valencia, Spain
| | - M A Aguilar
- Unidad de Investigación Psicobiología de las Drogodependencias, Departamento de Psicobiología, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Neuroinflammatory and behavioral susceptibility profile of mice exposed to social stress towards cocaine effects. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 105:110123. [PMID: 33002518 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Using the social defeat (SD) model, numerous studies have shown that stressed mice display an enhanced response to the motivational effects of cocaine in the self-administration (SA) and conditioned-place preference (CPP) paradigms. However, not all subjects exposed to stress express its harmful effects. Some are particularly susceptible to the deleterious effects of repeated SD, while resilient mice successfully cope with stressful experiences and display adjusted psychological functioning after stress. Vulnerability to develop stress-related disorders, such as depression, has been linked to coping strategies and more recently to individual differences in the immune system. However, no studies have evaluated if coping strategies and immune system reactivity to social stress experiences can also predict susceptibility to stress-induced enhancement of the cocaine response. We evaluated cocaine response in socially defeated mice in the CPP and SA paradigms. To evaluate neuroimmune reactivity to stress the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and the chemokine CX3CL1 were measured in the striatum and hippocampus. Behavioral phenotype during and after SD episodes was also evaluated. Our results showed that susceptible mice to the depressive-like behaviors effects of stress showed increased conditioned rewarding effects of cocaine in the CPP. In addition, susceptible mice displayed passive-reactive coping behavior during social stress episodes and more pronounced changes in neuroinflammatory markers after the last SD episode, which lasted for one month. Although the complex mechanisms underlying susceptibility or resilience to social stress are still unclear, our results point to multiple adaptive stress responses expressed at different phenotypic levels.
Collapse
|
15
|
Kähler B, Romswinkel EV, Jakovcevski M, Moses A, Schachner M, Morellini F. Hyperfunction of the stress response system and novelty-induced hyperactivity correlate with enhanced cocaine-induced conditioned place preference in NCAM-deficient mice. Addict Biol 2021; 26:e12887. [PMID: 32124535 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Several studies in humans and rodents suggest an association between impulsivity and activity of the stress response on the one hand and addiction vulnerability on the other. The neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) has been related to several neuropsychiatric disorders in humans. Constitutively NCAM-deficient (-/-) mice display enhanced novelty-induced behavior and hyperfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Here we hypothesize that NCAM deficiency causes an altered response to cocaine. Cocaine-induced behaviors of NCAM-/- mice and wild-type (+/+) littermates were analyzed in the conditioned place preference (CPP) test. c-fos mRNA levels were investigated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to measure neural activation after exposure to the cocaine-associated context. NCAM-/- mice showed an elevated cocaine-induced sensitization, enhanced CPP, impaired extinction, and potentiated cocaine-induced hyperlocomotion and CPP after extinction. NCAM-/- showed no potentiated CPP as compared with NCAM+/+ littermates when a natural rewarding stimulus (ie, an unfamiliar female) was used, suggesting that the behavioral alterations of NCAM-/- mice observed in the CPP test are specific to the effects of cocaine. Activation of the prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens induced by the cocaine-associated context was enhanced in NCAM-/- compared with NCAM+/+ mice. Finally, cocaine-induced behavior correlated positively with novelty-induced behavior and plasma corticosterone levels in NCAM-/- mice and negatively with NCAM mRNA levels in the hippocampus and nucleus accumbens in wild-type mice. Our findings indicate that NCAM deficiency affects cocaine-induced CPP in mice and support the view that hyperfunction of the stress response system and reactivity to novelty predict the behavioral responses to cocaine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Kähler
- Institute for Biosynthesis of Neural Structures, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eva Viktoria Romswinkel
- Behavioral Biology, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mira Jakovcevski
- Institute for Biosynthesis of Neural Structures, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ashley Moses
- Behavioral Biology, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Melitta Schachner
- Institute for Biosynthesis of Neural Structures, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08554, USA
| | - Fabio Morellini
- Institute for Biosynthesis of Neural Structures, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Vassilev P, Pantoja-Urban AH, Giroux M, Nouel D, Hernandez G, Orsini T, Flores C. Unique effects of social defeat stress in adolescent male mice on the Netrin-1/DCC pathway, prefrontal cortex dopamine and cognition (Social stress in adolescent vs. adult male mice). eNeuro 2021; 8:ENEURO.0045-21.2021. [PMID: 33619036 PMCID: PMC8051112 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0045-21.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
For some individuals, social stress is a risk factor for psychiatric disorders characterised by adolescent onset, prefrontal cortex (PFC) dysfunction and cognitive impairments. Social stress may be particularly harmful during adolescence when dopamine (DA) axons are still growing to the PFC, rendering them sensitive to environmental influences. The guidance cue Netrin-1 and its receptor, DCC, coordinate to control mesocorticolimbic DA axon targeting and growth during this age. Here we adapted the accelerated social defeat (AcSD) paradigm to expose male mice to social stress in either adolescence or adulthood and categorised them as "resilient" or "susceptible" based on social avoidance behaviour. We examined whether stress would alter the expression of DCC and Netrin-1 in mesolimbic dopamine regions and would have enduring consequences on PFC dopamine connectivity and cognition. While in adolescence the majority of mice are resilient but exhibit risk-taking behaviour, AcSD in adulthood leads to a majority of susceptible mice without altering anxiety-like traits. In adolescent, but not adult mice, AcSD dysregulates DCC and Netrin-1 expression in mesolimbic DA regions. These molecular changes in adolescent mice are accompanied by changes in PFC DA connectivity. Following AcSD in adulthood, cognitive function remains unaffected, but all mice exposed to AcSD in adolescence show deficits in inhibitory control when they reach adulthood. These findings indicate that exposure to AcSD in adolescence vs. adulthood has substantially different effects on brain and behaviour and that stress-induced social avoidance in adolescence does not predict vulnerability to deficits in cognitive performance.Significance statement During adolescence, dopamine circuitries undergo maturational changes which may render them particularly vulnerable to social stress. While social stress can be detrimental to adolescents and adults, it may engage different mechanisms and impact different domains, depending on age. The accelerated social defeat (AcSD) model implemented here allows exposing adolescent and adult male mice to comparable social stress levels. AcSD in adulthood leads to a majority of socially avoidant mice. However, the predominance of AcSD-exposed adolescent mice does not develop social avoidance, and these resilient mice show risk-taking behaviour. Nonetheless, in adolescence only, AcSD dysregulates Netrin-1/DCC expression in mesolimbic dopamine regions, possibly disrupting mesocortical dopamine and cognition. The unique adolescent responsiveness to stress may explain increased psychopathology risk at this age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Vassilev
- Department of Psychiatry and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Michel Giroux
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Dominique Nouel
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Taylor Orsini
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Cecilia Flores
- Department of Psychiatry and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Warren BL, Mazei-Robison MS, Robison AJ, Iñiguez SD. Can I Get a Witness? Using Vicarious Defeat Stress to Study Mood-Related Illnesses in Traditionally Understudied Populations. Biol Psychiatry 2020; 88:381-391. [PMID: 32228871 PMCID: PMC7725411 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The chronic social defeat stress model has been instrumental in shaping our understanding of neurobiology relevant to affect-related illnesses, including major depressive disorder. However, the classic chronic social defeat stress procedure is limited by its exclusive application to adult male rodents. We have recently developed a novel vicarious social defeat stress procedure wherein one mouse witnesses the physical defeat bout of a conspecific from the safety of an adjacent compartment. This witness mouse develops a similar behavioral phenotype to that of the mouse that physically experiences social defeat stress, modeling multiple aspects of major depressive disorder. Importantly, this new procedure allows researchers to perform vicarious social defeat stress in males or females and in juvenile mice, which typically are excluded from classic social defeat experiments. Here we discuss several recent advances made using this procedure and how its application provides a new preclinical approach to study the neurobiology of psychological stress-induced phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon L Warren
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | | | - Alfred J Robison
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Sergio D Iñiguez
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Social interaction reward: A resilience approach to overcome vulnerability to drugs of abuse. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2020; 37:12-28. [PMID: 32624295 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2020.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Drug addiction is a multifactorial disorder resulting from the complex interaction between biological, environmental and drug-induced effects. Generally, stress is a well-known risk factor for the development of drug addiction and relapse. While most of the research focuses on risk factors that increase the vulnerability to drugs of abuse, recent studies are focusing on the areas of strength/positive coping approaches that can increase resistance to drugs of abuse. In this review, we concentrate on resilience, seen as a dynamic process, which can allow individuals to positively adapt within the context of a specific risk for psychiatric illness. Here, we discuss the effects of social stress in animal models on drug use, particularly cocaine. In contrast, we suggest social interaction reward when available as an alternative to drug use as an approach contracting negative stress effects and increasing resistance to drug use. Indeed, interventions, which aim at enhancing resilience to stress through the facilitation of social interaction and the enhancement of social support, could be particularly effective in helping people cope with stress and preventing drug use problems or relapse. Finally, understanding the neurobiological mechanisms underlying protective factors such as social interaction reward should provide the basis for future evidence-based interventions targeting substance abuse and stress-related pathologies.
Collapse
|
19
|
Acute Stress Enhances Associative Learning via Dopamine Signaling in the Ventral Lateral Striatum. J Neurosci 2020; 40:4391-4400. [PMID: 32321745 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3003-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute stress transiently increases vigilance, enhancing the detection of salient stimuli in one's environment. This increased perceptual sensitivity is thought to promote the association of rewarding outcomes with relevant cues. The mesolimbic dopamine system is critical for learning cue-reward associations. Dopamine levels in the ventral striatum are elevated following exposure to stress. Together, this suggests that the mesolimbic dopamine system could mediate the influence of acute stress on cue-reward learning. To address this possibility, we examined how a single stressful experience influenced learning in an appetitive pavlovian conditioning task. Male rats underwent an episode of restraint prior to the first conditioning session. This acute stress treatment augmented conditioned responding in subsequent sessions. Voltammetry recordings of mesolimbic dopamine levels demonstrated that acute stress selectively increased reward-evoked dopamine release in the ventral lateral striatum (VLS), but not in the ventral medial striatum. Antagonizing dopamine receptors in the VLS blocked the stress-induced enhancement of conditioned responding. Collectively, these findings illustrate that stress engages dopamine signaling in the VLS to facilitate appetitive learning.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Acute stress influences learning about aversive and rewarding outcomes. Dopamine neurons are sensitive to stress and critical for reward learning. However, it is unclear whether stress regulates reward learning via dopamine signaling. Using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry as rats underwent pavlovian conditioning, we demonstrate that a single stressful experience increases reward-evoked dopamine release in the ventral lateral striatum. This enhanced dopamine signal accompanies a long-lasting increase in conditioned behavioral responding. These findings highlight that the ventral lateral striatum is a node for mediating the effect of stress on reward processing.
Collapse
|
20
|
Acute restraint stress augments the rewarding memory of cocaine through activation of α1 adrenoceptors in the medial prefrontal cortex of mice. Neuropharmacology 2020; 166:107968. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.107968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
21
|
Blanco-Gandia MC, Montagud-Romero S, Navarro-Zaragoza J, Martínez-Laorden E, Almela P, Nuñez C, Milanés MV, Laorden ML, Miñarro J, Rodríguez-Arias M. Pharmacological modulation of the behavioral effects of social defeat in memory and learning in male mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236:2797-2810. [PMID: 31049607 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-05256-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Previous studies have demonstrated that repeated social defeat (RSD) stress only induces cognitive deficits when experienced during adulthood. However, RSD increases cocaine-rewarding effects in adult and adolescent mice, inducing different expressions of proBDNF in the ventral tegmental area. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of cocaine administration in socially defeated adult or adolescent mice on learning, memory, and anxiety. Additionally, the role of BDNF was also studied. METHODS Adolescent and young adult mice were exposed to four episodes of social defeat or exploration (control), being treated with a daily injection of four doses of saline or 1 mg/kg of cocaine 3 weeks after the last social defeat. Other groups were treated with the TrkB receptor antagonist ANA-12 during this 21-day period. After this treatment, their cognitive and anxiogenic profiles were evaluated, along with the expression of BDNF, pCREB, and pERK1/2 in the dentate gyrus (DG) and basolateral amygdala (BLA). RESULTS Cocaine induced an increased expression of pCREB and BDNF in the DG and BLA only in defeated animals. Although RSD did not affect memory, the administration of cocaine induced memory impairments only in defeated animals. Defeated adult mice needed more time to complete the mazes, and this effect was counteracted by cocaine administration. RSD induced anxiogenic effects only when experienced during adulthood and cocaine induced a general anxiolytic effect. Blockade of Trkb decreased memory retention without affecting spatial learning and modified anxiety on non-stressed mice depending on their age. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that the long-lasting effects of social defeat on anxiety and cognition are modulated by cocaine administration. Our results highlight that the BDNF signaling pathway could be a target to counteract the effects of cocaine on socially stressed subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Carmen Blanco-Gandia
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sandra Montagud-Romero
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud (RETICS-Trastornos Adictivos), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Navarro-Zaragoza
- Murcia Research Institute of Health Sciences (IMIB) and Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Elena Martínez-Laorden
- Murcia Research Institute of Health Sciences (IMIB) and Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pilar Almela
- Murcia Research Institute of Health Sciences (IMIB) and Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Cristina Nuñez
- Murcia Research Institute of Health Sciences (IMIB) and Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Maria-Victoria Milanés
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud (RETICS-Trastornos Adictivos), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, Madrid, Spain.,Murcia Research Institute of Health Sciences (IMIB) and Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - María-Luisa Laorden
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud (RETICS-Trastornos Adictivos), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, Madrid, Spain.,Murcia Research Institute of Health Sciences (IMIB) and Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - José Miñarro
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain.,Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud (RETICS-Trastornos Adictivos), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Rodríguez-Arias
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain. .,Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud (RETICS-Trastornos Adictivos), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Persistent increase of I.V. cocaine self-administration in a subgroup of C57BL/6J male mice after social defeat stress. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236:2027-2037. [PMID: 30798402 PMCID: PMC6626693 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-05191-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Stressful life experiences can persistently increase the motivation for, and consumption of, intensely rewarding stimuli, like cocaine, over time. In rodents, intermittent versus continuous exposure to social stress engenders opposing changes to reward-related behavior, as measured by consumption of sucrose and cocaine. OBJECTIVE The present study examines if the effects of intermittent versus continuous social stress on cocaine self-administration in mice parallel those seen in rats. METHODS Both forms of social stress involve a brief daily physical confrontation with an aggressive resident for 10 consecutive days. Continuous social stress involves constant visual and olfactory exposure to an aggressive resident via habitation in a protected portion of the resident's home cage, while exposure to an aggressive resident during intermittent social stress is limited to a single, physical encounter per day. Implementing a femoral vein catheterization method for the first time in mice, we determined divergent changes to intravenous cocaine self-administration. RESULTS Modestly increased cocaine self-administration after intermittent social stress was confirmed. In a subset of animals, continuous social stress in mice substantially increased cocaine self-administration and sucrose intake. By stark contrast, another subpopulation had substantial attenuation of cocaine self-administration and sucrose intake after continuous social stress. CONCLUSIONS Bimodal divergence in responding for rewarding stimuli including cocaine after social stress experience likely reflects two opposing forms of coping to continuous social stress that promote either a sensitization or attenuation of reward-seeking.
Collapse
|
23
|
Tovar-Díaz J, Pomrenze MB, Kan R, Pahlavan B, Morikawa H. Cooperative CRF and α1 Adrenergic Signaling in the VTA Promotes NMDA Plasticity and Drives Social Stress Enhancement of Cocaine Conditioning. Cell Rep 2019. [PMID: 29514102 PMCID: PMC5877815 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Stressful events rapidly trigger activity-dependent synaptic plasticity, driving the formation of aversive memories. However, it remains unclear how stressful experience affects plasticity mechanisms to regulate appetitive learning, such as intake of addictive drugs. Using rats, we show that corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and α1 adrenergic receptor (α1AR) signaling enhance the plasticity of NMDA-receptor-mediated glutamatergic transmission in ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine (DA) neurons through distinct effects on inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3)-dependent Ca2+ signaling. We find that CRF amplifies IP3-Ca2+ signaling induced by stimulation of α1ARs, revealing a cooperative mechanism that promotes glutamatergic plasticity. In line with this, acute social defeat stress engages similar cooperative CRF and α1AR signaling in the VTA to enhance learning of cocaine-paired cues. These data provide evidence that CRF and α1ARs act in concert to regulate IP3-Ca2+ signaling in the VTA and promote learning of drug-associated cues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Tovar-Díaz
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Matthew B Pomrenze
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Russell Kan
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Bahram Pahlavan
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Hitoshi Morikawa
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Shinohara F, Asaoka Y, Kamii H, Minami M, Kaneda K. Stress augments the rewarding memory of cocaine via the activation of brainstem-reward circuitry. Addict Biol 2019; 24:509-521. [PMID: 29480583 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Effects of stress on the reward system are well established in the literature. Although previous studies have revealed that stress can reinstate extinguished addictive behaviors related to cocaine, the effects of stress on the rewarding memory of cocaine are not fully understood. Here, we provide evidence that stress potentiates the expression of rewarding memory of cocaine via the activation of brainstem-reward circuitry using a cocaine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm combined with restraint stress in rats. The rats exposed to 30-minute restraint stress immediately before posttest exhibited significantly larger CPP scores compared with non-stressed rats. Intra-laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (LDT) microinjection of a β or α2 adrenoceptor antagonist attenuated the stress-induced enhancement of cocaine CPP. Consistent with this observation, intra-LDT microinjection of a β or α2 adrenoceptor agonist before posttest increased cocaine CPP. Additionally, intra-ventral tegmental area (VTA) microinjection of antagonists for the muscarinic acetylcholine, nicotinic acetylcholine or glutamate receptors attenuated the stress-induced enhancement of cocaine CPP. Finally, intra-medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) microinjection of a D1 receptor antagonist also reduced the stress-induced enhancement of cocaine CPP. These findings suggest a mechanism wherein the LDT is activated by noradrenergic input from the locus coeruleus, leading to the activation of VTA dopamine neurons via both cholinergic and glutamatergic transmission and the subsequent excitation of the mPFC to enhance the memory of cocaine-induced reward value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fumiya Shinohara
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesHokkaido University Sapporo Japan
| | - Yuta Asaoka
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesHokkaido University Sapporo Japan
| | - Hironori Kamii
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesHokkaido University Sapporo Japan
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health SciencesKanazawa University Kanazawa Japan
| | - Masabumi Minami
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesHokkaido University Sapporo Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Kaneda
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesHokkaido University Sapporo Japan
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health SciencesKanazawa University Kanazawa Japan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Rodríguez-Arias M, Montagud-Romero S, Guardia Carrión AM, Ferrer-Pérez C, Pérez-Villalba A, Marco E, López Gallardo M, Viveros MP, Miñarro J. Social stress during adolescence activates long-term microglia inflammation insult in reward processing nuclei. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206421. [PMID: 30365534 PMCID: PMC6203396 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The experience of social stress during adolescence is associated with higher vulnerability to drug use. Increases in the acquisition of cocaine self-administration, in the escalation of cocaine-seeking behavior, and in the conditioned rewarding effects of cocaine have been observed in rodents exposed to repeated social defeat (RSD). In addition, prolonged or severe stress induces a proinflammatory state with microglial activation and increased cytokine production. The aim of the present work was to describe the long-term effects induced by RSD during adolescence on the neuroinflammatory response and synaptic structure by evaluating different glial and neuronal markers. In addition to an increase in the conditioned rewarding effects of cocaine, our results showed that RSD in adolescence produced inflammatory reactivity in microglia that is prolonged into adulthood, affecting astrocytes and neurons of two reward-processing areas of the brain (the prelimbic cortex, and the nucleus accumbens core). Considered as a whole these results suggest that social stress experience modulates vulnerability to suffer a loss of glia-supporting functions and neuronal functional synaptic density due to drug consumption in later life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Rodríguez-Arias
- Department of Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Sandra Montagud-Romero
- Department of Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Carmen Ferrer-Pérez
- Department of Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Pérez-Villalba
- Department of Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Eva Marco
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - María-Paz Viveros
- Department of physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Miñarro
- Department of Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
García‐Pardo MP, Miñarro J, Llansola M, Felipo V, Aguilar MA. Role ofNMDAandAMPAglutamatergic receptors in the effects of social defeat on the rewarding properties ofMDMAin mice. Eur J Neurosci 2018; 50:2623-2634. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. P. García‐Pardo
- Unidad de Investigación Psicobiología de las Drogodependencias Departamento de Psicobiología Facultad de Psicología Universidad de Valencia Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21 46010 Valencia Spain
- Unitat Predepartamental de Medicina Facultat de Ciències de la Salut Universitat Jaume I. Castelló de la Plana Castelló Spain
| | - J. Miñarro
- Unidad de Investigación Psicobiología de las Drogodependencias Departamento de Psicobiología Facultad de Psicología Universidad de Valencia Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21 46010 Valencia Spain
| | - M. Llansola
- Laboratory of Neurobiology Centro Investigación Príncipe Felipe Valencia Spain
| | - V. Felipo
- Laboratory of Neurobiology Centro Investigación Príncipe Felipe Valencia Spain
| | - M. A. Aguilar
- Unidad de Investigación Psicobiología de las Drogodependencias Departamento de Psicobiología Facultad de Psicología Universidad de Valencia Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21 46010 Valencia Spain
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Newman EL, Leonard MZ, Arena DT, de Almeida RMM, Miczek KA. Social defeat stress and escalation of cocaine and alcohol consumption: Focus on CRF. Neurobiol Stress 2018; 9:151-165. [PMID: 30450381 PMCID: PMC6236516 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Both the ostensibly aversive effects of unpredictable episodes of social stress and the intensely rewarding effects of drugs of abuse activate the mesocorticolimbic dopamine systems. Significant neuroadaptations in interacting stress and reward neurocircuitry may underlie the striking connection between stress and substance use disorders. In rodent models, recurring intermittent exposure to social defeat stress appears to produce a distinct profile of neuroadaptations that translates most readily to the repercussions of social stress in humans. In the present review, preclinical rodent models of social defeat stress and subsequent alcohol, cocaine or opioid consumption are discussed with regard to: (1) the temporal pattern of social defeat stress, (2) male and female protocols of social stress-escalated drug consumption, and (3) the neuroplastic effects of social stress, which may contribute to escalated drug-taking. Neuroadaptations in corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and CRF modulation of monoamines in the ventral tegmental area and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis are highlighted as potential mechanisms underlying stress-escalated drug consumption. However, the specific mechanisms that drive CRF-mediated increases in dopamine require additional investigation as do the stress-induced neuroadaptations that may contribute to the development of compulsive patterns of drug-taking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily L Newman
- Psychology Dept., Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | | | | | - Rosa M M de Almeida
- Institute of Psychology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Klaus A Miczek
- Psychology Dept., Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA.,Dept. of Neuroscience, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Montagud-Romero S, Blanco-Gandía MC, Reguilón MD, Ferrer-Pérez C, Ballestín R, Miñarro J, Rodríguez-Arias M. Social defeat stress: Mechanisms underlying the increase in rewarding effects of drugs of abuse. Eur J Neurosci 2018; 48:2948-2970. [PMID: 30144331 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Social interaction is known to be the main source of stress in human beings, which explains the translational importance of this research in animals. Evidence reported over the last decade has revealed that, when exposed to social defeat experiences (brief episodes of social confrontations during adolescence and adulthood), the rodent brain undergoes remodeling and functional modifications, which in turn lead to an increase in the rewarding and reinstating effects of different drugs of abuse. The mechanisms by which social stress cause changes in the brain and behavior are unknown, and so the objective of this review is to contemplate how social defeat stress induces long-lasting consequences that modify the reward system. First of all, we will describe the most characteristic results of the short- and long-term consequences of social defeat stress on the rewarding effects of drugs of abuse such as psychostimulants and alcohol. Secondly, and throughout the review, we will carefully assess the neurobiological mechanisms underlying these effects, including changes in the dopaminergic system, corticotrophin releasing factor signaling, epigenetic modifications and the neuroinflammatory response. To conclude, we will consider the advantages and disadvantages and the translational value of the social defeat stress model, and will discuss challenges and future directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Montagud-Romero
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Marina D Reguilón
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmen Ferrer-Pérez
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Raul Ballestín
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose Miñarro
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Rodríguez-Arias
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Vannan A, Powell GL, Scott SN, Pagni BA, Neisewander JL. Animal Models of the Impact of Social Stress on Cocaine Use Disorders. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2018; 140:131-169. [PMID: 30193703 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cocaine use disorders are strongly influenced by the social conditions prior, during, and after exposure to cocaine. In this chapter, we discuss how social factors such as early life stress, social rank stress, and environmental stress impact vulnerability and resilience to cocaine. The discussion of each animal model begins with a brief review of examples from the human literature, which provide the psychosocial background these models attempt to capture. We then discuss preclinical findings from use of each model, with emphasis on how social factors influence cocaine-related behaviors and how sex and age influence the behaviors and neurobiology. Models discussed include (1) early life social stress, such as maternal separation and neonatal isolation, (2) social defeat stress, (3) social hierarchies, and (4) social isolation and environmental enrichment. The cocaine-related behaviors reviewed for each of these animal models include cocaine-induced conditioned place preference, behavioral sensitization, and self-administration. Together, our review suggests that the degree of psychosocial stress experienced yields robust effects on cocaine-related behaviors and neurobiology, and these preclinical findings have translational impact for the future of cocaine use disorder treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annika Vannan
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Gregory L Powell
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Samantha N Scott
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Broc A Pagni
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Janet L Neisewander
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kaneda K. Neuroplasticity in cholinergic neurons of the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus contributes to the development of cocaine addiction. Eur J Neurosci 2018; 50:2239-2246. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katsuyuki Kaneda
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Kanazawa University Kanazawa 920‐1192 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Santos-Rocha JB, Rae M, Teixeira AMA, Teixeira SA, Munhoz CD, Muscará MN, Marcourakis T, Szumlinski KK, Camarini R. Involvement of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in cross-sensitization between chronic unpredictable stress and ethanol in adolescent and adult mice. Alcohol 2018; 68:71-79. [PMID: 29525685 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The peculiar neurochemical profile of the adolescent brain renders it differently susceptible to several stimuli, including stress and/or drug exposure. Among several stress mediators, nitric oxide (NO) has a role in stress responses. We have demonstrated that adolescent mice are less sensitive to ethanol-induced sensitization than adult mice. The present study investigated whether chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) induces behavioral sensitization to ethanol in adolescent and adult Swiss mice, and investigated the influence of Ca2+-dependent nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity in the phenomenon. Adolescent and adult mice were exposed to repeated 1.8 g/kg ethanol or CUS and challenged with saline or ethanol. A neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) inhibitor, 7-nitroindazole (7NI), was administered along with ethanol and CUS to test its effects on behavioral sensitization. Both adolescent and adult mice displayed cross-sensitization between CUS and ethanol in adult mice, with adolescents showing a lower degree of sensitization than adults. nNOS inhibition by 7NI reduced both ethanol sensitization and cross-sensitization. All age differences in the Ca2+-dependent NOS activity in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex were in the direction of greater activity in adults than in adolescents. Adolescents showed lower sensitivity to cross-sensitization between CUS and ethanol, and the nitric oxide (NO) system seems to have a pivotal role in ethanol-induced behavioral sensitization and cross-sensitization in both adolescent and adult mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariana Rae
- Departmento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil
| | | | - Simone Aparecida Teixeira
- Departmento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Carolina Demarchi Munhoz
- Departmento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Nicolas Muscará
- Departmento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Tania Marcourakis
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Karen K Szumlinski
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106-9660, United States
| | - Rosana Camarini
- Departmento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Taslimi Z, Komaki A, Haghparast A, Sarihi A. Effects of Acute and Chronic Restraint Stress on Reinstatement of Extinguished Methamphetamine-induced Conditioned Place Preference in Rats. Basic Clin Neurosci 2018; 9:157-166. [PMID: 30034646 PMCID: PMC6037431 DOI: 10.29252/nirp.bcn.9.3.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Methamphetamine (METH) is a neurotoxic psychostimulant with highly addictive potential that leads to compulsive drug use and vulnerability to relapse. Environmental cues, such as drug exposure, peer influence, and social stress, are the powerful triggers of drug relapse. In this study, we tried to find out the effect of acute and chronic restraint stress on reinstatement of extinguished METH-induced Conditioned Place Preference (CPP) in rats. Methods: Subcutaneous (SC) administration of METH (0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 mg/kg) could induce CPP and it was found that METH with the dose of 0.5 mg/kg was more potent than other doses. In extinction phase, rats were put in the CPP box for 30 min per day for 8 consecutive days. After extinction, animals were exposed to restraint stress (3-h period, as an acute stress) 60 min before subcutaneous administration of ineffective dose of METH (0.125 mg/kg) in order to reinstate the extinguished METH-induced CPP. For induction of the chronic stress during extinction phase, the animals were exposed to the restraint stress for one hour per day. Results: The results showed that the effective dose of METH to induce CPP was 0.5 mg/kg. Based on the results, physical stress (restraint stress) whether acute and chronic, can significantly induce reinstatement of METH-induced CPP (P˂0.001) in extinguished animals. Conclusion: Additionally, the chronic restraint stress could reduce duration of extinction (maintenance) of METH-induced CPP. It seems that exposure to the stress induces the relapse in abstinent amphetamine, but acute and chronic situation have a different reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Taslimi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Alireza Komaki
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Abbas Haghparast
- Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolrahman Sarihi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
McDonnell-Dowling K, Miczek KA. Alcohol, psychomotor-stimulants and behaviour: methodological considerations in preclinical models of early-life stress. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2018; 235:909-933. [PMID: 29511806 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-018-4852-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In order to assess the risk associated with early-life stress, there has been an increase in the amount of preclinical studies investigating early-life stress. There are many challenges associated with investigating early-life stress in animal models and ensuring that such models are appropriate and clinically relevant. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this review is to highlight the methodological considerations in the design of preclinical studies investigating the effects of early-life stress on alcohol and psychomotor-stimulant intake and behaviour. METHODS The protocols employed for exploring early-life stress were investigated and summarised. Experimental variables include animals, stress models, and endpoints employed. RESULTS The findings in this paper suggest that there is little consistency among these studies and so the interpretation of these results may not be as clinically relevant as previously thought. CONCLUSION The standardisation of these simple stress procedures means that results will be more comparable between studies and that results generated will give us a more robust understanding of what can and may be happening in the human and veterinary clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Klaus A Miczek
- Department of Psychology, Tufts University, 530 Boston Avenue, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Blanco-Gandía MC, Montagud-Romero S, Aguilar MA, Miñarro J, Rodríguez-Arias M. Housing conditions modulate the reinforcing properties of cocaine in adolescent mice that binge on fat. Physiol Behav 2018; 183:18-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
35
|
Laman-Maharg A, Trainor BC. Stress, sex, and motivated behaviors. J Neurosci Res 2017; 95:83-92. [PMID: 27870436 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Stress is a major risk factor for development of psychiatric disorders such as depression and development of substance use disorder. Although there are important sex differences in the prevalence of these disorders, most preclinical models used to study stress-induced disorders have used males only. Social defeat stress is a commonly used method to induce stress in an ethologically relevant way but has only recently begun to be used in female rodents. Using these new female models, recent studies have examined how social defeat stress affects males and females differently at the behavioral, circuit, and molecular levels. This Mini-Review discusses sex differences in the effects of social defeat stress on social behavior and drug-seeking behavior as well as its impact on the mesolimbic dopamine system and the highly connected region of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Laman-Maharg
- Neuroscience Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, Davis, California.,Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California.,Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
| | - Brian C Trainor
- Neuroscience Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, Davis, California.,Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California.,Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Castilla-Ortega E, Ladrón de Guevara-Miranda D, Serrano A, Pavón FJ, Suárez J, Rodríguez de Fonseca F, Santín LJ. The impact of cocaine on adult hippocampal neurogenesis: Potential neurobiological mechanisms and contributions to maladaptive cognition in cocaine addiction disorder. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 141:100-117. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
37
|
Montagud-Romero S, Nuñez C, Blanco-Gandia MC, Martínez-Laorden E, Aguilar MA, Navarro-Zaragoza J, Almela P, Milanés MV, Laorden ML, Miñarro J, Rodríguez-Arias M. Repeated social defeat and the rewarding effects of cocaine in adult and adolescent mice: dopamine transcription factors, proBDNF signaling pathways, and the TrkB receptor in the mesolimbic system. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2017; 234:2063-2075. [PMID: 28466092 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-017-4612-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Repeated social defeat (RSD) increases the rewarding effects of cocaine in adolescent and adult rodents. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to compare the long-term effects of RSD on the conditioned rewarding effects of cocaine and levels of the transcription factors Pitx3 and Nurr1 in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), the dopamine transporter (DAT), the D2 dopamine receptor (D2DR) and precursor of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (proBDNF) signaling pathways, and the tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB) receptor in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) in adult and adolescent mice. METHODS Male adolescent and young adult OF1 mice were exposed to four episodes of social defeat and were conditioned 3 weeks later with 1 mg/kg of cocaine. In a second set of mice, the expressions of the abovementioned dopaminergic and proBDNF and TrkB receptor were measured in VTA and NAc, respectively. RESULTS Adolescent mice experienced social defeats less intensely than their adult counterparts and produced lower levels of corticosterone. However, both adult and adolescent defeated mice developed conditioned place preference for the compartment associated with this low dose of cocaine. Furthermore, only adolescent defeated mice displayed diminished levels of the transcription factors Pitx3 in the VTA, without changes in the expression of DAT and D2DR in the NAc. In addition, stressed adult mice showed a decreased expression of proBDNF and the TrkB receptor, while stressed adolescent mice exhibited increased expression of latter without changes in the former. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that dopaminergic pathways and proBDNF signaling and TrkB receptors play different roles in social defeat-stressed mice exposed to cocaine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Montagud-Romero
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Cristina Nuñez
- Murcia Research Institute of Health Sciences (IMIB) and Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - M Carmen Blanco-Gandia
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Martínez-Laorden
- Murcia Research Institute of Health Sciences (IMIB) and Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - María A Aguilar
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain.,Red Tematica de Investigacion Cooperativa en Salud (RETICS-Trastornos Adictivos), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Navarro-Zaragoza
- Murcia Research Institute of Health Sciences (IMIB) and Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pilar Almela
- Murcia Research Institute of Health Sciences (IMIB) and Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Maria-Victoria Milanés
- Murcia Research Institute of Health Sciences (IMIB) and Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Red Tematica de Investigacion Cooperativa en Salud (RETICS-Trastornos Adictivos), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Luisa Laorden
- Murcia Research Institute of Health Sciences (IMIB) and Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Red Tematica de Investigacion Cooperativa en Salud (RETICS-Trastornos Adictivos), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Miñarro
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain.,Red Tematica de Investigacion Cooperativa en Salud (RETICS-Trastornos Adictivos), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Rodríguez-Arias
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain. .,Red Tematica de Investigacion Cooperativa en Salud (RETICS-Trastornos Adictivos), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Reconsidering depression as a risk factor for substance use disorder: Insights from rodent models. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 77:303-316. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
39
|
Reguilón MD, Montagud-Romero S, Ferrer-Pérez C, Roger-Sánchez C, Aguilar MA, Miñarro J, Rodríguez-Arias M. Dopamine D 2 receptors mediate the increase in reinstatement of the conditioned rewarding effects of cocaine induced by acute social defeat. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 799:48-57. [PMID: 28132915 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Social stress modifies the activity of brain areas involved in the rewarding effects of psychostimulants, inducing neuroadaptations in the dopaminergic mesolimbic system and modifying the sensitivity of dopamine receptors. In the present study we evaluated the effect of the dopamine D1- and D2-like receptor antagonists (SCH23390 and raclopride, respectively) on the short-time effects of acute social defeat (ASD). Male OF1 mice were socially defeated before each conditioning session of the conditioned place preference (CPP) induced by 1mg/kg or 25mg/kg of cocaine plus the corresponding dopamine antagonist. A final experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of the dopamine antagonists on the CPP induced by 3mg/kg of cocaine with or without a stress experience. Mice exposed to ASD showed an increase in reinstatement of the conditioned reinforcing effects of cocaine that was blocked by all of the dopamine receptor antagonists. Blockade of dopamine D2-like receptors with raclopride specifically prevented the effects of stress without affecting the rewarding properties of cocaine. However, SCH23390 inhibited cocaine-induced preference in the control groups and even induced aversion in defeated mice conditioned with the lower dose of cocaine. Moreover, the lowest dose of SCH23390 blocked the rewarding effects of 3mg/kg of cocaine-induced CPP. Our results confirm that the dopamine D2 receptor is involved in the short-term effects of ASD on the rewarding effects of cocaine. The dopamine D1 receptor is clearly involved in the rewarding effects of cocaine, but its role in the effects of ASD remains to be demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Daiana Reguilón
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Sandra Montagud-Romero
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmen Ferrer-Pérez
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Concepción Roger-Sánchez
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - María Asunción Aguilar
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - José Miñarro
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Rodríguez-Arias
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Zhou JJ, Gao Y, Kosten TA, Zhao Z, Li DP. Acute stress diminishes M-current contributing to elevated activity of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Neuropharmacology 2016; 114:67-76. [PMID: 27908768 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Acute stress stimulates corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH)-expressing neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), which is an essential component of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms remain unclear. The M-channel is a voltage-dependent K+ channel involved in stabilizing the neuronal membrane potential and regulating neuronal excitability. In this study, we tested our hypothesis that acute stress suppresses expression of Kv7 channels to stimulate PVN-CRH neurons and the HPA axis. Rat PVN-CRH neurons were identified by expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein driven by Crh promoter. Acute restraint stress attenuated the excitatory effect of Kv7 blocker XE-991 on the firing activity of PVN-CRH neurons and blunted the increase in plasma corticosterone (CORT) levels induced by microinjection of XE-991 into the PVN. Furthermore, acute stress significantly decreased the M-currents in PVN-CRH neurons and reduced PVN expression of Kv7.3 subunit in the membrane. In addition, acute stress significantly increased phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) levels in the PVN tissue. Intracerebroventricular injection of the AMPK inhibitor dorsomorphin restored acute stress-induced elevation of CORT levels and reduction of membrane Kv7.3 protein level in the PVN. Dorsomorphin treatment increased the M-currents and reduced the firing activity of PVN-CRH neurons in acutely stressed rats. Collectively, these data suggest that acute stress diminishes Kv7 channels to stimulate PVN-CRH neurons and the HPA axis potentially via increased AMPK activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Zhou
- Department of Critical Care, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Yonggang Gao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Therese A Kosten
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zongmao Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China.
| | - De-Pei Li
- Department of Critical Care, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Role of dopamine neurotransmission in the long-term effects of repeated social defeat on the conditioned rewarding effects of cocaine. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2016; 71:144-54. [PMID: 27476156 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2016.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies report that social defeat stress alters dopamine (DA) neurotransmission in several areas of the brain. Alterations of the mesolimbic dopaminergic pathway are believed to be responsible for the increased vulnerability to drug use observed as a result of social stress. In the present study, we evaluated the influence of DA receptors on the long-term effect of repeated social defeat (RSD) on the conditioned rewarding and reinstating effects of cocaine. For this purpose, the D1R antagonist SCH 23390 and the D1R antagonist raclopride were administered 30min before each social defeat and a cocaine-induced CPP procedure was initiated three weeks later. The expression of the D1R and D2R was also measured in the cortex and hippocampus throughout the entire procedure. Mice exposed to RSD showed an increase in the conditioned rewarding effects of cocaine that was blocked by both DA receptors antagonists when a subthreshold dose of cocaine was employed. However, while the vulnerability to reinstatement of the preference induced by 25mg/kg cocaine-induced CPP was abolished by the D1R antagonist, it was practically unaffected by raclopride. Increases in D2R receptor levels were observed in the cortex of defeated animals after the first and fourth social defeats and in the hippocampus 3weeks later. Nevertheless, D1R receptor levels in the hippocampus decreased only after the last social defeat. Our results confirm that RSD enhances the conditioned rewarding effects of cocaine and that both DA receptors are involved in this enduring effect of social stress.
Collapse
|
42
|
Montagud-Romero S, Montesinos J, Pascual M, Aguilar MA, Roger-Sanchez C, Guerri C, Miñarro J, Rodríguez-Arias M. `Up-regulation of histone acetylation induced by social defeat mediates the conditioned rewarding effects of cocaine. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2016; 70:39-48. [PMID: 27180319 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2016.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Social defeat (SD) induces a long-lasting increase in the rewarding effects of psychostimulants measured using the self-administration and conditioned place procedures (CPP). However, little is known about the epigenetic changes induced by social stress and about their role in the increased response to the rewarding effects of psychostimulants. Considering that histone acetylation regulates transcriptional activity and contributes to drug-induced behavioral changes, we addressed the hypothesis that SD induces transcriptional changes by histone modifications associated with the acquisition of place conditioning. After a fourth defeat, H3(K9) acetylation was decreased in the hippocampus, while there was an increase of HAT and a decrease of HDAC levels in the cortex. Three weeks after the last defeat, mice displayed an increase in histone H4(K12) acetylation and an upregulation of histone acetyl transferase (HAT) activity in the hippocampus. In addition, H3(K4)me3, which is closely associated with transcriptional initiation, was also augmented in the hippocampus three weeks after the last defeat. Inhibition of HAT by curcumin (100mg/kg) before each SD blocked the increase in the conditioned reinforcing effects of 1mg/kg of cocaine, while inhibition of HDAC by valproic acid (500mg/kg) before social stress potentiated cocaine-induced CPP. Preference was reinstated when animals received a priming dose of 0.5mg/kg of cocaine, an effect that was absent in untreated defeated mice. These results suggest that the experience of SD induces chromatin remodeling, alters histone acetylation and methylation, and modifies the effects of cocaine on place conditioning. They also point to epigenetic mechanisms as potential avenues leading to new treatments for the long-term effects of social stress on drug addiction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Montagud-Romero
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - J Montesinos
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathology of Alcohol, Príncipe Felipe Research Center, C/Eduardo Primo Yúfera, 3, 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - M Pascual
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathology of Alcohol, Príncipe Felipe Research Center, C/Eduardo Primo Yúfera, 3, 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - M A Aguilar
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - C Roger-Sanchez
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - C Guerri
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathology of Alcohol, Príncipe Felipe Research Center, C/Eduardo Primo Yúfera, 3, 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - J Miñarro
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - M Rodríguez-Arias
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|