1
|
Miwa A, Kamiya K. Cell-Penetrating Peptide-Mediated Biomolecule Transportation in Artificial Lipid Vesicles and Living Cells. Molecules 2024; 29:3339. [PMID: 39064917 PMCID: PMC11279660 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29143339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Signal transduction and homeostasis are regulated by complex protein interactions in the intracellular environment. Therefore, the transportation of impermeable macromolecules (nucleic acids, proteins, and drugs) that control protein interactions is essential for modulating cell functions and therapeutic applications. However, macromolecule transportation across the cell membrane is not easy because the cell membrane separates the intra/extracellular environments, and the types of molecular transportation are regulated by membrane proteins. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are expected to be carriers for molecular transport. CPPs can transport macromolecules into cells through endocytosis and direct translocation. The transport mechanism remains largely unclear owing to several possibilities. In this review, we describe the methods for investigating CPP conformation, translocation, and cargo transportation using artificial membranes. We also investigated biomolecular transport across living cell membranes via CPPs. Subsequently, we show not only the biochemical applications but also the synthetic biological applications of CPPs. Finally, recent progress in biomolecule and nanoparticle transportation via CPPs into specific tissues is described from the viewpoint of drug delivery. This review provides the opportunity to discuss the mechanism of biomolecule transportation through these two platforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Koki Kamiya
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Gunma, Japan;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kumar D, Gayen A, Chandra M. Membrane Permeability Dominates over Electrostatic Interactions in Dictating Drug Transport in Osmotically Shocked Escherichia coli. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:4911-4921. [PMID: 38736363 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c08426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
To combat surging multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections, better strategies to improve the efficacy of existing drugs are critical. Because the dual membrane cell envelope is the first line of defense for these bacteria, it is crucial to understand the permeation properties of the drugs through it. Our recent study shows that isosmotic conditions prevent drug permeation inside Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli, while hypoosmotic stress enhances the process. Here, we unravel the reason behind such differential drug penetration. Specifically, we dissect the roles of electrostatic screening and low membrane permeability in the penetration failure of drugs under osmotically balanced conditions. We compare the transport of a quaternary ammonium compound malachite green in the presence of an electrolyte (NaCl) and a wide variety of commonly used organic osmolytes, e.g., sucrose, proline, glycerol, sorbitol, and urea. These osmolytes of different membrane permeability (i.e., nonpermeable sucrose and NaCl, freely permeable urea and glycerol, and partially permeable proline and sorbitol) clarify the role of osmotic stress in cell envelope permeability. The results showcase that under balanced osmotic conditions, drug molecules fail to penetrate inside E. coli cells because of low membrane permeabilities and not because of electrostatic screening imposed by the osmolytes. Contribution of the electrostatic interactions, however, cannot be completely overruled as at osmotically imbalanced conditions, drug transport across the bacterial subcellular compartments is found to be dependent on the osmolytes used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anindita Gayen
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manabendra Chandra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Center of Excellence: Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Gangwal School of Medical Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhou L, Meng G, Zhu L, Ma L, Chen K. Insect Antimicrobial Peptides as Guardians of Immunity and Beyond: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3835. [PMID: 38612644 PMCID: PMC11011964 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), as immune effectors synthesized by a variety of organisms, not only constitute a robust defense mechanism against a broad spectrum of pathogens in the host but also show promising applications as effective antimicrobial agents. Notably, insects are significant reservoirs of natural AMPs. However, the complex array of variations in types, quantities, antimicrobial activities, and production pathways of AMPs, as well as evolution of AMPs across insect species, presents a significant challenge for immunity system understanding and AMP applications. This review covers insect AMP discoveries, classification, common properties, and mechanisms of action. Additionally, the types, quantities, and activities of immune-related AMPs in each model insect are also summarized. We conducted the first comprehensive investigation into the diversity, distribution, and evolution of 20 types of AMPs in model insects, employing phylogenetic analysis to describe their evolutionary relationships and shed light on conserved and distinctive AMP families. Furthermore, we summarize the regulatory pathways of AMP production through classical signaling pathways and additional pathways associated with Nitric Oxide, insulin-like signaling, and hormones. This review advances our understanding of AMPs as guardians in insect immunity systems and unlocks a gateway to insect AMP resources, facilitating the use of AMPs to address food safety concerns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Zhou
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Guanliang Meng
- Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, 53113 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Ling Zhu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China;
| | - Li Ma
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030810, China
| | - Kangkang Chen
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chernov A, Kudryavtsev I, Komlev A, Alaverdian D, Tsapieva A, Galimova E, Shamova O. Nerve Growth Factor, Antimicrobial Peptides and Chemotherapy: Glioblastoma Combination Therapy to Improve Their Efficacy. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3009. [PMID: 38002009 PMCID: PMC10669874 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11113009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive and lethal malignancy of the central nervous system with a median survival rate of 15 months. We investigated the combined anticancer effects of nerve growth factor (NGF), cathelicidin (LL-37), and protegrin-1 (PG-1) with chemotherapy (temozolomide, doxorubicin, carboplatin, cisplatin, and etoposide) in the glioblastoma U251 cell line to overcome the limitations of conventional chemotherapy and to guarantee specific treatments to succeed. The MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay was used to study cell viability and to determine the cytotoxic effects of NGF, LL-37, and PG-1 and their combination with chemotherapy in U251 cells. Synergism or antagonism was determined using the combination index (CI) method. Caspase-3 activity was evaluated spectrophotometrically using a caspase-3 activity assay kit. Apoptosis was analyzed with flow cytometry using propidium iodide (PI) and YO-PRO-1. NGF and the peptides showed a strong cytotoxic effect on U251 glioma cells in the MTT test (IC50 0.0214, 3.1, and 26.1 μM, respectively) compared to chemotherapy. The combination of PG-1 + etoposide had a synergistic effect on apoptosis of U251 glioma cells. It should be noted that the cells were in the early and late stages of apoptosis, respectively, compared with the control cells. The caspase-3 activation analysis revealed that the caspase-3 level was not significantly (p > 0.05) increased in U251 cells following PG-1 with etoposide treatment compared with that in the untreated cells, suggesting that the combination of PG-1 and etoposide may induce caspase-independent apoptosis in U251 cells. NGF, LL-37, and PG-1 represent promising drug candidates as the treatment regimen for GBM. Furthermore, the synergistic efficacy of the combined protocol using PG-1 and etoposide may overcome some of the typical limitations of the conventional therapeutic protocols, thus representing a promising approach for GBM therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandr Chernov
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, WCRC “Center for Personalized Medicine”, Saint-Petersburg 197022, Russia; (I.K.); (A.K.); (A.T.); (O.S.)
| | - Igor Kudryavtsev
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, WCRC “Center for Personalized Medicine”, Saint-Petersburg 197022, Russia; (I.K.); (A.K.); (A.T.); (O.S.)
| | - Aleksei Komlev
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, WCRC “Center for Personalized Medicine”, Saint-Petersburg 197022, Russia; (I.K.); (A.K.); (A.T.); (O.S.)
| | - Diana Alaverdian
- Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Anna Tsapieva
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, WCRC “Center for Personalized Medicine”, Saint-Petersburg 197022, Russia; (I.K.); (A.K.); (A.T.); (O.S.)
| | - Elvira Galimova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, WCRC “Center for Personalized Medicine”, Saint-Petersburg 197022, Russia; (I.K.); (A.K.); (A.T.); (O.S.)
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg 194223, Russia
| | - Olga Shamova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, WCRC “Center for Personalized Medicine”, Saint-Petersburg 197022, Russia; (I.K.); (A.K.); (A.T.); (O.S.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg 199034, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Witzany C, Rolff J, Regoes RR, Igler C. The pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modelling framework as a tool to predict drug resistance evolution. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2023; 169:001368. [PMID: 37522891 PMCID: PMC10433423 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PKPD) models, which describe how drug concentrations change over time and how that affects pathogen growth, have proven highly valuable in designing optimal drug treatments aimed at bacterial eradication. However, the fast rise of antimicrobial resistance calls for increased focus on an additional treatment optimization criterion: avoidance of resistance evolution. We demonstrate here how coupling PKPD and population genetics models can be used to determine treatment regimens that minimize the potential for antimicrobial resistance evolution. Importantly, the resulting modelling framework enables the assessment of resistance evolution in response to dynamic selection pressures, including changes in antimicrobial concentration and the emergence of adaptive phenotypes. Using antibiotics and antimicrobial peptides as an example, we discuss the empirical evidence and intuition behind individual model parameters. We further suggest several extensions of this framework that allow a more comprehensive and realistic prediction of bacterial escape from antimicrobials through various phenotypic and genetic mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jens Rolff
- Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Roland R. Regoes
- Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Igler
- Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pipiya SO, Mirzoeva NZ, Baranova MN, Eliseev IE, Mokrushina YA, Shamova OV, Gabibov AG, Smirnov IV, Terekhov SS. Creation of Recombinant Biocontrol Agents by Genetic Programming of Yeast. Acta Naturae 2023; 15:74-80. [PMID: 37153506 PMCID: PMC10154779 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.11878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infections caused by antibiotic-resistant pathogens pose an extremely serious and elusive problem in healthcare. The discovery and targeted creation of new antibiotics are today among the most important public health issues. Antibiotics based on antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are of particular interest due to their genetically encoded nature. A distinct advantage of most AMPs is their direct mechanism of action that is mediated by their membranolytic properties. The low rate of emergence of antibiotic resistance associated with the killing mechanism of action of AMPs attracts heightened attention to this field. Recombinant technologies enable the creation of genetically programmable AMP producers for large-scale generation of recombinant AMPs (rAMPs) or the creation of rAMP-producing biocontrol agents. The methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris was genetically modified for the secreted production of rAMP. Constitutive expression of the sequence encoding the mature AMP protegrin-1 provided the yeast strain that effectively inhibits the growth of target gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. An antimicrobial effect was also observed in the microculture when a yeast rAMP producer and a reporter bacterium were co-encapsulated in droplets of microfluidic double emulsion. The heterologous production of rAMPs opens up new avenues for creating effective biocontrol agents and screening antimicrobial activity using ultrahigh-throughput technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S O Pipiya
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, academicians M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997 Russian Federation
| | - N Z Mirzoeva
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, academicians M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997 Russian Federation
| | - M N Baranova
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, academicians M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997 Russian Federation
| | - I E Eliseev
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, academicians M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997 Russian Federation
| | - Yu A Mokrushina
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, academicians M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997 Russian Federation
- Lomonosov Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, 119234 Russian Federation
| | - O V Shamova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, 197022 Russian Federation
| | - A G Gabibov
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, academicians M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997 Russian Federation
- Lomonosov Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, 119234 Russian Federation
| | - I V Smirnov
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, academicians M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997 Russian Federation
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "National Medical Research Center of Endocrinology" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 115478 Russian Federation
| | - S S Terekhov
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, academicians M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997 Russian Federation
- Lomonosov Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, 119234 Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Moreno-Morales J, Guardiola S, Ballesté-Delpierre C, Giralt E, Vila J. A new synthetic protegrin as a promising peptide with antibacterial activity against MDR Gram-negative pathogens. J Antimicrob Chemother 2022; 77:3077-3085. [PMID: 35972429 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkac284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Protegrins are a family of natural peptides from the innate immune system of vertebrates, with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. However, the toxicity and haemolysis of protegrin-1 (PG-1) at low concentrations renders it useless for therapeutic application. We rationally designed PLP-3, a novel synthetic PG-1-like peptide, comprising key activity features of protegrins in a constrained bicyclic structure. Our main objective was to investigate PLP-3's activity against MDR strains of Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae and to analyse its haemolysis and cytotoxicity. METHODS Peptide synthesis was performed via solid phase and intramolecular ligation in solution, and the correct folding of the peptide was verified by circular dichroism. Antimicrobial activity was performed through broth microdilution. The test panel contained 45 bacterial strains belonging to A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae (15 strains per species) comprising colistin-resistant and MDR strains. Cytotoxicity was assessed by XTT cell viability assays using HeLa and A549 cells and haemolysis of human erythrocytes. RESULTS PLP-3 was successfully synthesized, and its antiparallel β-sheet conformation was confirmed. Antimicrobial activity screening showed MIC90 values of 2 mg/L for A. baumannii, 16 mg/L for K. pneumoniae and 8 mg/L for P. aeruginosa. The haemolysis IC50 value was 48.53 mg/L. Cytotoxicity against human HeLa and A549 cells showed values of ca. 200 mg/L in both cell lines resulting in a 100-fold selectivity window for bacterial over human cells. CONCLUSIONS PLP-3 has potent antimicrobial activity, especially against A. baumannii, while maintaining low haemolysis and toxicity against human cell lines at antimicrobial concentrations. These characteristics make PLP-3 a promising peptide with an interesting therapeutic window.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Clara Ballesté-Delpierre
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ernest Giralt
- IRB Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Vila
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Remington JM, Ferrell JB, Schneebeli ST, Li J. Concerted Rolling and Penetration of Peptides during Membrane Binding. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:3921-3929. [PMID: 35507824 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Peptide binding to membranes is common and fundamental in biochemistry and biophysics and critical for applications ranging from drug delivery to the treatment of bacterial infections. However, it is largely unclear, from a theoretical point of view, what peptides of different sequences and structures share in the membrane-binding and insertion process. In this work, we analyze three prototypical membrane-binding peptides (α-helical magainin, PGLa, and β-hairpin tachyplesin) during membrane binding, using molecular details provided by Markov state modeling and microsecond-long molecular dynamics simulations. By leveraging both geometric and data-driven collective variables that capture the essential physics of the amphiphilic and cationic peptide-membrane interactions, we reveal how the slowest kinetic process of membrane binding is the dynamic rolling of the peptide from an attached to a fully bound state. These results not only add fundamental knowledge of the theory of how peptides bind to biological membranes but also open new avenues to study general peptides in more complex environments for further applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob M Remington
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
| | - Jonathon B Ferrell
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
| | - Severin T Schneebeli
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
| | - Jianing Li
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zharkova MS, Golubeva OY, Orlov DS, Vladimirova EV, Dmitriev AV, Tossi A, Shamova OV. Silver Nanoparticles Functionalized With Antimicrobial Polypeptides: Benefits and Possible Pitfalls of a Novel Anti-infective Tool. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:750556. [PMID: 34975782 PMCID: PMC8719061 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.750556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and antimicrobial peptides or proteins (AMPs/APs) are both considered as promising platforms for the development of novel therapeutic agents effective against the growing number of drug-resistant pathogens. The observed synergy of their antibacterial activity suggested the prospect of introducing antimicrobial peptides or small antimicrobial proteins into the gelatinized coating of AgNPs. Conjugates with protegrin-1, indolicidin, protamine, histones, and lysozyme were comparatively tested for their antibacterial properties and compared with unconjugated nanoparticles and antimicrobial polypeptides alone. Their toxic effects were similarly tested against both normal eukaryotic cells (human erythrocytes, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, neutrophils, and dermal fibroblasts) and tumor cells (human erythromyeloid leukemia K562 and human histiocytic lymphoma U937 cell lines). The AMPs/APs retained their ability to enhance the antibacterial activity of AgNPs against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including drug-resistant strains, when conjugated to the AgNP surface. The small, membranolytic protegrin-1 was the most efficient, suggesting that a short, rigid structure is not a limiting factor despite the constraints imposed by binding to the nanoparticle. Some of the conjugated AMPs/APs clearly affected the ability of nanoparticle to permeabilize the outer membrane of Escherichia coli, but none of the conjugated AgNPs acquired the capacity to permeabilize its cytoplasmic membrane, regardless of the membranolytic potency of the bound polypeptide. Low hemolytic activity was also found for all AgNP-AMP/AP conjugates, regardless of the hemolytic activity of the free polypeptides, making conjugation a promising strategy not only to enhance their antimicrobial potential but also to effectively reduce the toxicity of membranolytic AMPs. The observation that metabolic processes and O2 consumption in bacteria were efficiently inhibited by all forms of AgNPs is the most likely explanation for their rapid and bactericidal action. AMP-dependent properties in the activity pattern of various conjugates toward eukaryotic cells suggest that immunomodulatory, wound-healing, and other effects of the polypeptides are at least partially transferred to the nanoparticles, so that functionalization of AgNPs may have effects beyond just modulation of direct antibacterial activity. In addition, some conjugated nanoparticles are selectively toxic to tumor cells. However, caution is required as not all modulatory effects are necessarily beneficial to normal host cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria S. Zharkova
- World-Class Research Center “Center for Personalized Medicine”, FSBSI Institute of Experimental Medicine, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga Yu. Golubeva
- Laboratory of the Nanostructures Research, Institute of Silicate Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Dmitriy S. Orlov
- World-Class Research Center “Center for Personalized Medicine”, FSBSI Institute of Experimental Medicine, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elizaveta V. Vladimirova
- World-Class Research Center “Center for Personalized Medicine”, FSBSI Institute of Experimental Medicine, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander V. Dmitriev
- World-Class Research Center “Center for Personalized Medicine”, FSBSI Institute of Experimental Medicine, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alessandro Tossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Olga V. Shamova
- World-Class Research Center “Center for Personalized Medicine”, FSBSI Institute of Experimental Medicine, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Petruk G, Elvén M, Hartman E, Davoudi M, Schmidtchen A, Puthia M, Petrlova J. The role of full-length apoE in clearance of Gram-negative bacteria and their endotoxins. J Lipid Res 2021; 62:100086. [PMID: 34019903 PMCID: PMC8225977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
ApoE is a well-known lipid-binding protein that plays a main role in the metabolism and transport of lipids. More recently, apoE-derived peptides have been shown to exert antimicrobial effects. Here, we investigated the antibacterial activity of apoE using in vitro assays, advanced imaging techniques, and in vivo mouse models. The formation of macromolecular complexes of apoE and endotoxins from Gram-negative bacteria was explored using gel shift assays, transmission electron microscopy, and CD spectroscopy followed by calculation of the α-helical content. The binding affinity of apoE to endotoxins was also confirmed by fluorescent spectroscopy detecting the quenching and shifting of tryptophan intrinsic fluorescence. We showed that apoE exhibits antibacterial activity particularly against Gram-negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. ApoE protein folding was affected by binding of bacterial endotoxin components such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipid A, yielding similar increases in the apoE α-helical content. Moreover, high-molecular-weight complexes of apoE were formed in the presence of LPS, but not to the same extent as with lipid A. Together, our results demonstrate the ability of apoE to kill Gram-negative bacteria, interact with their endotoxins, which leads to the structural changes in apoE and the formation of aggregate-like complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ganna Petruk
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Institution of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Malin Elvén
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Institution of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Erik Hartman
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Institution of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mina Davoudi
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Institution of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Division of Cancer and Infection Medicine, Institution of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Artur Schmidtchen
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Institution of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Copenhagen Wound Healing Center, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Division of Dermatology, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Manoj Puthia
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Institution of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jitka Petrlova
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Institution of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Microorganisms Photocatalytic Inactivation on Ag3PO4 Sub-Microcrystals Under WLEDs Light Source. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-021-01930-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
12
|
Choi MK, Le MT, Cho HS, Lee J, Jeon H, Cha SY, Na M, Chun T, Kim JH, Song H, Park C. Transgenic Mice Overexpressing PG1 Display Corneal Opacity and Severe Inflammation in the Eye. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1586. [PMID: 33557346 PMCID: PMC7915784 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are of interest as alternatives to antibiotics or immunomodulators. We generated and characterized the phenotypes of transgenic mice overexpressing protegrin 1 (PG1), a potent porcine cathelicidin. No obvious differences were observed between PG1 transgenic and wild-type mice in terms of growth, development, general behaviour, and the major immune cell population. However, PG1 transgenic mice intranasally infected with Staphylococcus aureus resulted in a reduction in microscopic pulmonary injury, improved clearance of bacteria, and lower proinflammatory cytokine secretion, compared to those of wild-type mice. On the other hand, approximately 25% of PG1 transgenic mice (n = 54/215) showed corneal opacity and developed inflammation in the eye, resulting ultimately in phthisis bulbi. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that PG1 and its activator, neutrophil elastase, localized to the basal cells of the cornea and glands in eyelids, respectively. In addition, apoptosis indicated by a Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL)-positive signal was detected from flat cells of the cornea. Our study suggests that the expression regulation or localization of AMPs such as PG1 is important to prevent their adverse effects. However, our results also showed that the cytotoxic effects of PG1 on cells could be tolerated in animals, except for the eyes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Kyeung Choi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Biology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.-K.C.); (M.T.L.); (H.-S.C.); (J.L.); (H.J.); (J.-H.K.); (H.S.)
| | - Minh Thong Le
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Biology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.-K.C.); (M.T.L.); (H.-S.C.); (J.L.); (H.J.); (J.-H.K.); (H.S.)
| | - Hye-Sun Cho
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Biology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.-K.C.); (M.T.L.); (H.-S.C.); (J.L.); (H.J.); (J.-H.K.); (H.S.)
| | - Juyoung Lee
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Biology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.-K.C.); (M.T.L.); (H.-S.C.); (J.L.); (H.J.); (J.-H.K.); (H.S.)
| | - Hyoim Jeon
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Biology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.-K.C.); (M.T.L.); (H.-S.C.); (J.L.); (H.J.); (J.-H.K.); (H.S.)
| | - Se-Yeoun Cha
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea;
| | - Manheum Na
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (M.N.); (T.C.)
| | - Taehoon Chun
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (M.N.); (T.C.)
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Biology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.-K.C.); (M.T.L.); (H.-S.C.); (J.L.); (H.J.); (J.-H.K.); (H.S.)
| | - Hyuk Song
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Biology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.-K.C.); (M.T.L.); (H.-S.C.); (J.L.); (H.J.); (J.-H.K.); (H.S.)
| | - Chankyu Park
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Biology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.-K.C.); (M.T.L.); (H.-S.C.); (J.L.); (H.J.); (J.-H.K.); (H.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zeng F, Zhao C, Wu X, Dong R, Li G, Zhu Q, Zheng E, Liu D, Yang J, Moisyadi S, Urschitz J, Li Z, Wu Z. Bacteria-induced expression of the pig-derived protegrin-1 transgene specifically in the respiratory tract of mice enhances resistance to airway bacterial infection. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16020. [PMID: 32994542 PMCID: PMC7524760 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73084-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
About 70% of all antibiotics produced in the world are used in the farm animal industry. The massive usage of antibiotics during farm animal production has caused rapid development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria, which poses a serious risk to human and livestock health when treating bacterial infections. Protegrin-1 (PG-1) is a potent antimicrobial peptide (AMP). It was initially identified in pig leukocytes with a broad-spectrum antibacterial and antiviral activity, and a low rate of inducing bacterial resistance. To develop a genetic approach for reducing the use of antibiotics in farm animal production, we produced transgenic mice carrying a bovine tracheal AMP gene promoter-controlled PG-1 transgene. The PG-1 transgene was specifically expressed in the respiratory tract of transgenic mice upon induction by bacterial infection. These PG-1 transgenic mice exhibited enhanced resistance to nasal bacterial infection as the transgenic mice showed a higher survival rate (79.17% VS. 34.78%), lower bacterial load and milder histological severity than their wild-type control littermates. The improved resistance to bacterial infection in the PG-1 transgenic mice could be resulted from the direct bacteria-killing activities of PG-1, and the immunomodulatory effects of PG-1 via stimulating interleukin 1 beta secretion. The present study provides a promising genetic strategy to prevent airway bacterial infections in farm animals by bacteria-inducible tissue-specific expression of PG-1 transgene. This approach may also be helpful for decreasing the possibility of inducing bacterial resistance during farm animal production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zeng
- College of Marine Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Chengcheng Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xiao Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Rui Dong
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Guoling Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qingchun Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Enqin Zheng
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Dewu Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jinzeng Yang
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Stefan Moisyadi
- Institute for Biogenesis Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Johann Urschitz
- Institute for Biogenesis Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Zicong Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China. .,Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Zhenfang Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China. .,Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Maystrenko A, Feng Y, Akhtar N, Li J. The Addition of a Synthetic LPS-Targeting Domain Improves Serum Stability While Maintaining Antimicrobial, Antibiofilm, and Cell Stimulating Properties of an Antimicrobial Peptide. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1014. [PMID: 32650576 PMCID: PMC7407491 DOI: 10.3390/biom10071014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria and their biofilms are a concern in veterinary and human medicine. Protegrin-1 (PG-1), a potent antimicrobial peptide (AMP) with antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties, is considered a potential alternative for conventional antibiotics. AMPs are less stable and lose activity in the presence of physiological fluids, such as serum. To improve stability of PG-1, a hybrid peptide, SynPG-1, was designed. The antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties of PG-1 and the PG-1 hybrid against MDR pathogens was analyzed, and activity after incubation with physiological fluids was compared. The effects of these peptides on the IPEC-J2 cell line was also investigated. While PG-1 maintained some activity in 25% serum for 2 h, SynPG-1 was able to retain activity in the same condition for up to 24 h, representing a 12-fold increase in stability. Both peptides had some antibiofilm activity against Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. While both peptides prevented biofilm formation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), neither could destroy MRSA's pre-formed biofilms. Both peptides maintained activity after incubation with trypsin and porcine gastric fluid, but not intestinal fluid, and stimulated IPEC-J2 cell migration. These findings suggest that SynPG-1 has much better serum stability while maintaining the same antimicrobial potency as PG-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Julang Li
- Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (A.M.); (Y.F.); (N.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Photochemically-Generated Silver Chloride Nanoparticles Stabilized by a Peptide Inhibitor of Cell Division and Its Antimicrobial Properties. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-019-01427-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
16
|
A novel Triticum durum Annexin 12 protein: Expression, purification and biological activities against Listeria monocytogenes growth in meat under refrigeration. Microb Pathog 2020; 143:104143. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
17
|
|
18
|
Soundrarajan N, Park S, Le Van Chanh Q, Cho HS, Raghunathan G, Ahn B, Song H, Kim JH, Park C. Protegrin-1 cytotoxicity towards mammalian cells positively correlates with the magnitude of conformational changes of the unfolded form upon cell interaction. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11569. [PMID: 31399625 PMCID: PMC6689069 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47955-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine protegrin-1 (PG-1) is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide (AMP) with potent antimicrobial activities. We produced recombinant PG-1 and evaluated its cytotoxicity toward various types of mammalian cell lines, including embryonic fibroblasts, retinal cells, embryonic kidney cells, neuroblastoma cells, alveolar macrophage cells, and neutrophils. The sensitivity of the different mammalian cells to cytotoxic damage induced by PG-1 differed significantly among the cell types, with retinal neuron cells and neutrophils being the most significantly affected. A circular dichroism analysis showed there was a precise correlation between conformational changes in PG-1 and the magnitude of cytotoxicity among the various cell type. Subsequently, a green fluorescent protein (GFP) penetration assay using positively charged GFPs indicated there was a close correlation between the degree of penetration of charged GFP into cells and the magnitude of PG-1 cytotoxicity. Furthermore, we also showed that inhibition of the synthesis of anionic sulphated proteoglycans on the cell surface decreases the cytotoxic damage induced by PG-1 treatment. Taken together, the observed cytotoxicity of PG-1 towards different membrane surfaces is highly driven by the membrane’s anionic properties. Our results reveal a possible mechanism underlying cell-type dependent differences in cytotoxicity of AMPs, such as PG-1, toward mammalian cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Suhyun Park
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Quy Le Van Chanh
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye-Sun Cho
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Govindan Raghunathan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitӓtsstraße 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Byeongyong Ahn
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyuk Song
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chankyu Park
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lee H, Lee DG. The Potential of Gold and Silver Antimicrobials: Nanotherapeutic Approach and Applications. Nanotheranostics 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-29768-8_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
|
20
|
Shruti SR, Rajasekaran R. Identification of protegrin-1 as a stable and nontoxic scaffold among protegrin family - a computational approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2018; 37:2430-2439. [PMID: 30047844 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2018.1491418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Achieving both, nontoxicity and stability in antimicrobial peptides (AMP) is a challenge. This study predicts a structurally stable, nontoxic scaffold among the protegrin family, for future therapeutic peptide analogs. Protegrins (PG) are a class of pharmaceutically approved, in demand AMPs, which require further improvement in terms of nontoxicity and stability. Out of five protegrins viz., PG1, PG2, PG3, PG4 and PG5, PG1 has been predicted as best scaffold. Prediction was based upon sequential elimination of other protegrins, using computational methods to assess the extracellular bacterial membrane penetrability, nontoxicity and structural stability by geometric observables. Initially, PG2 and PG4 showing the lowest membrane penetrability and highest toxicity respectively, were screened out. Among the remaining three protegrins, PG1 displayed both lowest root mean square deviation and radius of gyration, with a considerable occupancy of seven H-bonds and established uniform secondary structure profile throughout its ensembles. Therefore, the authors claim the superiority of PG1 as a nontoxic stable scaffold among its family. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S R Shruti
- a Department of Biotechnology, Bioinformatics lab, School of Biosciences and Technology , VIT (Deemed to be University) , Vellore , Tamil Nadu , India
| | - R Rajasekaran
- a Department of Biotechnology, Bioinformatics lab, School of Biosciences and Technology , VIT (Deemed to be University) , Vellore , Tamil Nadu , India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Faya M, Kalhapure RS, Dhumal D, Agrawal N, Omolo C, Akamanchi KG, Govender T. Antimicrobial cell penetrating peptides with bacterial cell specificity: pharmacophore modelling, quantitative structure activity relationship and molecular dynamics simulation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2018; 37:2370-2380. [PMID: 30047310 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2018.1484814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Current research has shown cell-penetrating peptides and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as probable vectors for use in drug delivery and as novel antibiotics. It has been reported that the higher the therapeutic index (TI) the higher would be the bacterial cell penetrating ability. To the best of our knowledge, no in-silico study has been performed to determine bacterial cell specificity of the antimicrobial cell penetrating peptides (aCPP's) based on their TI. The aim of this study was to develop a quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) model, which can estimate antimicrobial potential and cell-penetrating ability of aCPPs against S. aureus, to confirm the relationship between the TI and aCPPs and to identify specific descriptors responsible for aCPPs penetrating ability. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was also performed to confirm the membrane insertion of the most active aCPPs obtained from the QSAR study. The most appropriate pharmacophore was identified to predict the aCPP's activity. The statistical results confirmed the validity of the model. The QSAR model was successful in identifying the optimal aCPP with high activity prediction and provided insights into the structural requirements to correlate their TI to cell penetrating ability. MD simulation of the best aCPP with 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) bilayer confirmed its interaction with the membrane and the C-terminal residues of the aCPP played a key role in membrane penetration. The strategy of combining QSAR and molecular dynamics, allowed for optimal estimation of ligand-target interaction and confirmed the importance of Trp and Lys in interacting with the POPC bilayer. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mbuso Faya
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of KwaZulu-Natal , Private Bag , Durban , South Africa
| | - Rahul S Kalhapure
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of KwaZulu-Natal , Private Bag , Durban , South Africa
| | - Dinesh Dhumal
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology , Institute of Chemical Technology , Mumbai , India
| | - Nikhil Agrawal
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of KwaZulu-Natal , Private Bag , Durban , South Africa
| | - Calvin Omolo
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of KwaZulu-Natal , Private Bag , Durban , South Africa
| | - Krishnacharya G Akamanchi
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology , Institute of Chemical Technology , Mumbai , India
| | - Thirumala Govender
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of KwaZulu-Natal , Private Bag , Durban , South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
O'Driscoll NH, Cushnie TPT, Matthews KH, Lamb AJ. Colistin causes profound morphological alteration but minimal cytoplasmic membrane perforation in populations of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Arch Microbiol 2018; 200:793-802. [PMID: 29423561 PMCID: PMC6004271 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-018-1485-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Whilst colistin (polymyxin E) represents the last mainstream treatment option for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens, details of its mechanism of action remain to be fully resolved. In this study, the effects of sub-inhibitory, inhibitory-bactericidal, and supra-bactericidal levels of colistin on the membrane integrity and morphology of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were investigated using potassium loss, flow cytometry, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Supra-bactericidal colistin concentrations induced just 4-12% intracellular potassium loss from bacteria after 24 h. Flow cytometry data suggested colistin might alter cell arrangement, and SEM confirmed the antibiotic causes bacterial aggregation. Filamentation was not detected in either species at any concentration or time-point up to 24 h. These results argue against the hypotheses that colistin kills bacteria by puncturing the cytoplasmic membrane or disrupting DNA synthesis. The colistin-induced bacterial aggregation detected has implications for the interpretation of MBC, time-kill, and other test results obtained with this antibiotic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noëlle H O'Driscoll
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Sir Ian Wood Building, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen, AB10 7GJ, UK
| | - T P Tim Cushnie
- Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Khamriang, Kantarawichai, Maha Sarakham, 44150, Thailand
| | - Kerr H Matthews
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Sir Ian Wood Building, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen, AB10 7GJ, UK
| | - Andrew J Lamb
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Sir Ian Wood Building, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen, AB10 7GJ, UK.
- Graduate School, Robert Gordon University, Health and Social Care Building, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen, AB10 7QG, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lai PK, Kaznessis YN. Insights into Membrane Translocation of Protegrin Antimicrobial Peptides by Multistep Molecular Dynamics Simulations. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:6056-6065. [PMID: 29978143 PMCID: PMC6026836 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Protegrin-1 (PG-1) is a cationic arginine-rich antimicrobial peptide. It is widely accepted that PG-1 induces membrane disruption by forming pores that lead to cell death. However, the insertion mechanism for these highly cationic peptides into the hydrophobic membrane environment is still poorly understood at the molecular scale. It has previously been determined that the association of arginine guanidinium and lipid phosphate groups results in strong bidentate bonds that stabilize peptide-lipid complexes. It has also been suggested that arginine residues are able to drag phosphate groups as they insert inside the membrane to form a toroidal pore. However, whether bidentate bonds play a significant role in inducing a pore formation remains unclear. To investigate the role of bidentate complexes in PG-1 translocation, we conducted molecular dynamics simulations. Two computational electroporation methods were implemented to examine the translocation process. We found that PG-1 could insert into the membrane, provided the external electric potential is large enough to first induce a water column or a pore within the lipid bilayer membrane. We also found that the highly charged PG-1 is capable in itself of inducing molecular electroporation. Substitution of arginines with charge-equivalent lysines showed a markedly reduced tendency for insertion. This indicates that the guanidinium group likely facilitates PG-1 translocation. Potential of mean force calculations suggests that peptide insertion inside the hydrophobic environment of the membrane core is not favored. We found that formation of a water column or a pore might be a prerequisite for PG-1 translocation. We also found that PG-1 can stabilize the pore after insertion. We suggest that PG-1 could be a pore inducer and stabilizer. This work sheds some light on PG-1 translocation mechanisms at the molecular level. Methods presented in this study may be extended to other arginine-rich antimicrobial and cell-penetrating peptides.
Collapse
|
24
|
Lipkin R, Lazaridis T. Computational studies of peptide-induced membrane pore formation. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2018. [PMID: 28630158 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2016.0219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of peptides induce pores in biological membranes; the most common ones are naturally produced antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which are small, usually cationic, and defend diverse organisms against biological threats. Because it is not possible to observe these pores directly on a molecular scale, the structure of AMP-induced pores and the exact sequence of steps leading to their formation remain uncertain. Hence, these questions have been investigated via molecular modelling. In this article, we review computational studies of AMP pore formation using all-atom, coarse-grained, and implicit solvent models; evaluate the results obtained and suggest future research directions to further elucidate the pore formation mechanism of AMPs.This article is part of the themed issue 'Membrane pores: from structure and assembly, to medicine and technology'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Lipkin
- Department of Chemistry, City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA.,Graduate Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Themis Lazaridis
- Department of Chemistry, City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lee H, Woo ER, Lee DG. Apigenin induces cell shrinkage in Candida albicans by membrane perturbation. FEMS Yeast Res 2018; 18:4810751. [DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foy003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
|
26
|
Baeder DY, Yu G, Hozé N, Rolff J, Regoes RR. Antimicrobial combinations: Bliss independence and Loewe additivity derived from mechanistic multi-hit models. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2017; 371:rstb.2015.0294. [PMID: 27160596 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2015.0294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and antibiotics reduce the net growth rate of bacterial populations they target. It is relevant to understand if effects of multiple antimicrobials are synergistic or antagonistic, in particular for AMP responses, because naturally occurring responses involve multiple AMPs. There are several competing proposals describing how multiple types of antimicrobials add up when applied in combination, such as Loewe additivity or Bliss independence. These additivity terms are defined ad hoc from abstract principles explaining the supposed interaction between the antimicrobials. Here, we link these ad hoc combination terms to a mathematical model that represents the dynamics of antimicrobial molecules hitting targets on bacterial cells. In this multi-hit model, bacteria are killed when a certain number of targets are hit by antimicrobials. Using this bottom-up approach reveals that Bliss independence should be the model of choice if no interaction between antimicrobial molecules is expected. Loewe additivity, on the other hand, describes scenarios in which antimicrobials affect the same components of the cell, i.e. are not acting independently. While our approach idealizes the dynamics of antimicrobials, it provides a conceptual underpinning of the additivity terms. The choice of the additivity term is essential to determine synergy or antagonism of antimicrobials.This article is part of the themed issue 'Evolutionary ecology of arthropod antimicrobial peptides'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Desiree Y Baeder
- Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Universitätsstrße 16, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Guozhi Yu
- Evolutionary Biology, Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 1-3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nathanaël Hozé
- Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Universitätsstrße 16, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jens Rolff
- Evolutionary Biology, Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 1-3, 14195 Berlin, Germany Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstraße 6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Roland R Regoes
- Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Universitätsstrße 16, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hood G, Ramachandran V, East AK, Downie JA, Poole PS. Manganese transport is essential for N 2 -fixation by Rhizobium leguminosarum in bacteroids from galegoid but not phaseoloid nodules. Environ Microbiol 2017; 19:2715-2726. [PMID: 28447383 PMCID: PMC5575495 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.13773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Rhizobium leguminosarum has two high-affinity Mn2+ transport systems encoded by sitABCD and mntH. In symbiosis, sitABCD and mntH were expressed throughout nodules and also strongly induced in Mn2+ -limited cultures of free-living cells. Growth of a sitA mntH double mutant was severely reduced under Mn2+ limitation and sitA and mntH single mutants were more sensitive to oxidative stress. The double sitA mntH mutant of R. leguminosarum was unable to fix nitrogen (Fix- ) with legumes belonging to the galegoid clade (Pisum sativum, Vicia faba and Vicia hirsuta). The presence of infection thread-like structures and sparsely-packed plant cells in nodules suggest that bacteroid development was blocked, either at a late stage of infection thread progression or during bacteroid-release. In contrast, a double sitA mntH mutant was Fix+ on common bean (Phaseoli vulgaris), a member of the phaseoloid clade of legumes, indicating a host-specific symbiotic requirement for Mn2+ transport.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Graham Hood
- Department of Molecular MicrobiologyJohn Innes CentreNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7UHUK
| | - Vinoy Ramachandran
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of OxfordSouth Parks RoadOxfordOX1 3RBUK
| | - Alison K. East
- Department of Molecular MicrobiologyJohn Innes CentreNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7UHUK
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of OxfordSouth Parks RoadOxfordOX1 3RBUK
| | - J. Allan Downie
- Department of Molecular MicrobiologyJohn Innes CentreNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7UHUK
| | - Philip S. Poole
- Department of Molecular MicrobiologyJohn Innes CentreNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7UHUK
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of OxfordSouth Parks RoadOxfordOX1 3RBUK
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Li H, Shen XF, Zhou XE, Shi YE, Deng LX, Ma Y, Wang XY, Li JY, Huang N. Antibacterial mechanism of high-mobility group nucleosomal-binding domain 2 on the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2017; 18:410-420. [PMID: 28471113 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1600139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the antibacterial mechanism of high-mobility group nucleosomal-binding domain 2 (HMGN2) on Escherichia coli K12, focusing on the antibacterial and antibiofilm formation effects. Its chemotactic activity on human neutrophils was also investigated. METHODS Human tissue-derived HMGN2 (tHMGN2) was extracted from fresh uterus fiber cystadenoma and purified by HP1100 reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Recombinant human HMGN2 (rHMGN2) was generated in E. coli DE3 carrying PET-32a-c(+)-HMGN2. Antibacterial activity of HMGN2 was determined using an agarose diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of HMGN2 was determined by the microdilution broth method. Bacterial membrane permeability assay and DNA binding assay were performed. The antibiofilm effect of HMGN2 was investigated using a crystal violet assay and electron microscopy scanning. The activating effect and chemotactic activity of HMGN2 on neutrophils were determined using a nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction assay and Transwell chamber cell migration assay, respectively. RESULTS HMGN2 showed a relatively high potency against Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and the MIC of HMGN2 was 16.25 μg/ml. Elevated bacterial membrane permeability was observed in HMGN2-treated E. coli K12. HMGN2 could also bind the bacterial plasmid and genomic DNA in a dose-dependent manner. The antibiofilm effect of HMGN2 on E. coli K12 was confirmed by crystal violet staining and scanning electron microscopy. However, the activating effects and chemotactic effects of HMGN2 on human neutrophils were not observed. CONCLUSIONS As an antimicrobial peptide (AMP), HMGN2 possessed a good capacity for antibacterial and antibiofilm activities on E. coli K12. This capacity might be associated with disruption of the bacterial membrane and combination of DNA, which might affect the growth and viability of E. coli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Li
- Research Unit of Infection and Immunity, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Shen
- Research Unit of Infection and Immunity, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xin-E Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yan-E Shi
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lu-Xia Deng
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yi Ma
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jing-Yu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ning Huang
- Research Unit of Infection and Immunity, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Sichuan University "985 Project Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Novel Drug Development", Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Starr CG, He J, Wimley WC. Host Cell Interactions Are a Significant Barrier to the Clinical Utility of Peptide Antibiotics. ACS Chem Biol 2016; 11:3391-3399. [PMID: 27797468 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.6b00843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite longstanding promise and many known examples, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have failed, thus far, to impact human medicine. On the basis of the physical chemistry and mechanism of action of AMPs, we hypothesized that host cell interactions could contribute to a loss of activity in vivo where host cells are highly concentrated. To test this idea, we characterized AMP activity in the presence of human red blood cells (RBC). Indeed, we show that most of a representative set of natural and synthetic AMPs tested are significantly inhibited by preincubation with host cells and would be effectively inactive at physiological cell density. We studied an example broad-spectrum AMP, ARVA (RRGWALRLVLAY), in a direct, label-free binding assay. We show that weak binding to host cells, coupled with their high concentration, is sufficient to account for a loss of useful activity, for at least some AMPs, because >1 × 108 peptides must be bound to each bacterial cell to achieve sterilization. The effect of host cell preincubation on AMP activity is comparable to that of serum protein binding. Feasible changes in host cell binding could lead to AMPs that do not lose activity through interaction with host cells. We suggest that the intentional identification of AMPs that are active in the presence of concentrated host cells can be achieved with a paradigm shift in the way AMPs are discovered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles G. Starr
- Department of Biochemistry
and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, United States
| | - Jing He
- Department of Biochemistry
and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, United States
| | - William C. Wimley
- Department of Biochemistry
and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, United States
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Omardien S, Brul S, Zaat SAJ. Antimicrobial Activity of Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides against Gram-Positives: Current Progress Made in Understanding the Mode of Action and the Response of Bacteria. Front Cell Dev Biol 2016; 4:111. [PMID: 27790614 PMCID: PMC5063857 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2016.00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been proposed as a novel class of antimicrobials that could aid the fight against antibiotic resistant bacteria. The mode of action of AMPs as acting on the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane has often been presented as an enigma and there are doubts whether the membrane is the sole target of AMPs. Progress has been made in clarifying the possible targets of these peptides, which is reported in this review with as focus gram-positive vegetative cells and spores. Numerical estimates are discussed to evaluate the possibility that targets, other than the membrane, could play a role in susceptibility to AMPs. Concerns about possible resistance that bacteria might develop to AMPs are addressed. Proteomics, transcriptomics, and other molecular techniques are reviewed in the context of explaining the response of bacteria to the presence of AMPs and to predict what resistance strategies might be. Emergent mechanisms are cell envelope stress responses as well as enzymes able to degrade and/or specifically bind (and thus inactivate) AMPs. Further studies are needed to address the broadness of the AMP resistance and stress responses observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soraya Omardien
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbial Food Safety, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Stanley Brul
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbial Food Safety, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sebastian A J Zaat
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam Amsterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Jin T, Kim MJ, Heo WI, Park KY, Choi SY, Lee MK, Hong SP, Kim SJ, Im M, Moon NJ, Seo SJ. Adiponectin corrects premature cellular senescence and normalizes antimicrobial peptide levels in senescent keratinocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 477:678-684. [PMID: 27349869 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.06.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Stress-induced premature senescence or aging causes dysfunction in the human somatic system. Adiponectin (Acrp30) plays a role in functional recovery, especially with adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1). Acrp30 stimulation reduced the premature senescence positive ratio induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and restituted human β-defensin 2 (hBD-2) levels in senescent keratinocytes. Acrp30 recovered AMPK activity in senescent keratinocytes and increased SIRT1 deacetylation activity. As a result, FoxO1 and FoxO3 transcription activity was recovered. Additionally, Acrp30 stimulation suppresses NFκB p65, which induces abnormal expression of hBD-2 induced by H2O2. In the present study, we have shown that Acrp30 reduces premature senescence and recovers cellular function in keratinocytes. These results suggest a role for Acrp30 as an anti-aging agent to improve impaired skin immune barriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taewon Jin
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Min Jeong Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Won Il Heo
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kui Young Park
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun Young Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Phil Hong
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Myung Im
- Department of Dermatology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Nam Ju Moon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seong Jun Seo
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Edwards IA, Elliott AG, Kavanagh AM, Zuegg J, Blaskovich MAT, Cooper MA. Contribution of Amphipathicity and Hydrophobicity to the Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity of β-Hairpin Peptides. ACS Infect Dis 2016; 2:442-450. [PMID: 27331141 PMCID: PMC4906375 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.6b00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Bacteria have acquired
extensive resistance mechanisms to protect themselves against antibiotic
action. Today the bacterial membrane has become one of the “final
frontiers” in the search for new compounds acting on novel
targets to address the threat of multi-drug resistant (MDR) and XDR
bacterial pathogens. β-Hairpin antimicrobial peptides are amphipathic,
membrane-binding antibiotics that exhibit a broad range of activities
against Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and fungal pathogens. However,
most members of the class also possess adverse cytotoxicity and hemolytic
activity that preclude their development as candidate antimicrobials.
We examined peptide hydrophobicity, amphipathicity, and structure
to better dissect and understand the correlation between antimicrobial
activity and toxicity, membrane binding, and membrane permeability.
The hydrophobicity, pI, net charge at physiological
pH, and amphipathic moment for the β-hairpin antimicrobial peptides
tachyplesin-1, polyphemusin-1, protegrin-1, gomesin, arenicin-3, and
thanatin were determined and correlated with key antimicrobial activity
and toxicity data. These included antimicrobial activity against five
key bacterial pathogens and two fungi, cytotoxicity against human
cell lines, and hemolytic activity in human erythrocytes. Observed
antimicrobial activity trends correlated with compound amphipathicity
and, to a lesser extent, with overall hydrophobicity. Antimicrobial
activity increased with amphipathicity, but unfortunately so did toxicity.
Of note, tachyplesin-1 was found to be 8-fold more amphipathic than
gomesin. These analyses identify tachyplesin-1 as a promising scaffold
for rational design and synthetic optimization toward an antibiotic
candidate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid A. Edwards
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, 306 Carmody Road (Building 80), Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Alysha G. Elliott
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, 306 Carmody Road (Building 80), Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Angela M. Kavanagh
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, 306 Carmody Road (Building 80), Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Johannes Zuegg
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, 306 Carmody Road (Building 80), Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Mark A. T. Blaskovich
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, 306 Carmody Road (Building 80), Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Matthew A. Cooper
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, 306 Carmody Road (Building 80), Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zughaier SM, Svoboda P, Pohl J. Structure-Dependent Immune Modulatory Activity of Protegrin-1 Analogs. Antibiotics (Basel) 2016; 3:694-713. [PMID: 26097747 PMCID: PMC4472440 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics3040694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Protegrins are porcine antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) that belong to the cathelicidin family of host defense peptides. Protegrin-1 (PG-1), the most investigated member of the protegrin family, is an arginine-rich peptide consisting of 18 amino acid residues, its main chain adopting a β-hairpin structure that is linked by two disulfide bridges. We report on the immune modulatory activity of PG-1 and its analogs in neutralizing bacterial endotoxin and capsular polysaccharides, consequently inhibiting inflammatory mediators’ release from macrophages. We demonstrate that the β-hairpin structure motif stabilized with at least one disulfide bridge is a prerequisite for the immune modulatory activity of this type of AMP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susu M. Zughaier
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Laboratories of Microbial Pathogenesis, Atlanta Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, GA 30033, USA
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +1-404-321-6111 (ext. 12461); Fax: +1-404-329-2210
| | - Pavel Svoboda
- Microchemical and Proteomics Facility, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; E-Mails: (P.S.); (J.P.)
- Biotechnology Core Facility Branch, Division of Scientific Resources, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
| | - Jan Pohl
- Microchemical and Proteomics Facility, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; E-Mails: (P.S.); (J.P.)
- Biotechnology Core Facility Branch, Division of Scientific Resources, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kyriakou PK, Ekblad B, Kristiansen PE, Kaznessis YN. Interactions of a class IIb bacteriocin with a model lipid bilayer, investigated through molecular dynamics simulations. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2016; 1858:824-35. [PMID: 26774214 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of antibiotic resistant microorganisms poses an alarming threat to global health. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are considered a possible effective alternative to conventional antibiotic therapies. An understanding of the mechanism of action of AMPs is needed in order to better control and optimize their bactericidal activity. Plantaricin EF is a heterodimeric AMP, consisting of two peptides Plantaricin E (PlnE) and Plantaricin F (PlnF). We studied the behavior of these peptides on the surface of a model lipid bilayer. We identified the residues that facilitate peptide-peptide interactions. We also identified residues that mediate interactions of the dimer with the membrane. PlnE interacts with the membrane through amino acids at both its termini, while only the N terminus of PlnF approaches the membrane. By comparing the activity of single-site mutants of the two-peptide bacteriocin and the simulations of the bacteriocin on the surface of a model lipid bilayer, structure activity relationships are proposed. These studies allow us to generate hypotheses that relate biophysical interactions observed in simulations with the experimentally measured activity. We find that single-site amino acid substitutions result in markedly stronger antimicrobial activity when they strengthen the interactions between the two peptides, while, concomitantly, they weaken peptide-membrane association. This effect is more pronounced in the case of the PlnE mutant (G20A), which interacts the strongest with PlnF and the weakest with the membrane while displaying the highest activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota K Kyriakou
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Bie Ekblad
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Post box 1041 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Per Eugen Kristiansen
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Post box 1041 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Yiannis N Kaznessis
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Li RF, Yan XH, Lu YB, Lu YL, Zhang HR, Chen SH, Liu S, Lu ZF. Anti-candidal activity of a novel peptide derived from human chromogranin A and its mechanism of action against Candida krusei. Exp Ther Med 2015; 10:1768-1776. [PMID: 26640548 PMCID: PMC4665730 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida species (Candida spp.) are important fungal pathogens, which cause numerous clinical diseases associated with significant mortality and morbidity in healthcare settings. In our previous study, we identified a recombinant peptide, chromogranin A (CGA)-N46, corresponding to the N-terminal Pro31-Gln76 sequence of human CGA, that exhibited antifungal activity against Candida albicans. The present study investigated the antifungal activity of CGA-N46, and its underlying mechanism, against numerous Candida spp. CGA-N46 inhibited the growth of all of the tested Candida spp., of which Candida krusei exhibited the greatest sensitivity. CGA-N46 was able to disrupt the stability of the phospholipid monolayer without damaging the integrity and permeability of the outer membrane of C. krusei cells, and induced cytoplasm vacuolization and mitochondrial damage. In addition, treatment of C. krusei with CGA-N46 was associated with decreased levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species, a reduction in the mitochondrial membrane potential, and DNA synthesis inhibition. The results of the present study suggested that CGA-N46 was able to pass through the cell membrane of Candida spp. by temporarily destabilizing the phospholipid membrane, which in turn led to mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibition of DNA synthesis. Therefore, CGA-N46 may be considered a novel antifungal compound for the treatment of patients with C. krusei infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Fang Li
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Hui Yan
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Bo Lu
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Li Lu
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Ru Zhang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Hua Chen
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Liu
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Fang Lu
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
NIU MINGFU, CHAI SHUMAO, YOU XIAOYAN, WANG WENHUI, QIN CUILI, GONG QIANG, ZHANG TINGTING, WAN PENG. Expression of porcine protegrin-1 in Pichia pastoris and its anticancer activity in vitro.. Exp Ther Med 2015; 9:1075-1079. [PMID: 25667681 PMCID: PMC4316971 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Protegrin-1 (PG-1), a β-hairpin antimicrobial peptide (AMP), is amongst the shortest AMPs in sequence length while remaining active against a variety of microorganisms. The aim of this study was produce recombinant PG-1 and investigate its anticancer activity. A DNA sequence encoding the mature PG-1, fused with a 6His-tag, was cloned into the pPICZα-A vector and transformed into Pichia pastoris. Expression was induced following culture for ~96 h with 1% methanol at 28°C, and ~15.6 mg PG-1 was expressed in 100 ml culture medium. Following purification using a Ni-chelating Sepharose column, ~20 mg pure active PG-1 was obtained from 500 ml culture broth supernatant. The expressed PG-1/6His exhibited strong dose- and time-dependent anticancer activity against HepG2 cells in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- MINGFU NIU
- Correspondence to: Professor Mingfu Niu, Food and Bioengineering College, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Avenue, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China, E-mail:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Yun J, Lee H, Ko HJ, Woo ER, Lee DG. Fungicidal effect of isoquercitrin via inducing membrane disturbance. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2015; 1848:695-701. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
38
|
Borkar MR, Pissurlenkar RRS, Coutinho EC. Mapping activity elements of protegrin antimicrobial peptides by HomoSAR. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra14402g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
HomoSAR has been able to shed light on the relationship between sequences of protegrin peptides and their activity on six specific micro-organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Evans C. Coutinho
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Bombay College of Pharmacy
- Mumbai 400098
- India
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lee H, Hwang JS, Lee J, Kim JI, Lee DG. Scolopendin 2, a cationic antimicrobial peptide from centipede, and its membrane-active mechanism. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2014; 1848:634-42. [PMID: 25462167 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Scolopendin 2 is a 16-mer peptide (AGLQFPVGRIGRLLRK) derived from the centipede Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans. We observed that this peptide exhibited antimicrobial activity in a salt-dependent manner against various fungal and bacterial pathogens and showed no hemolytic effect in the range of 1.6 μM to 100 μM. Circular dichroism analysis showed that the peptide has an α-helical properties. Furthermore, we determined the mechanism(s) of action using flow cytometry and by investigating the release of intracellular potassium. The results showed that the peptide permeabilized the membranes of Escherichia coli O157 and Candida albicans, resulting in loss of intracellular potassium ions. Additionally, bis-(1,3-dibutylbarbituric acid) trimethine oxonol and 3,3'-dipropylthiacarbocyanine iodide assays showed that the peptide caused membrane depolarization. Using giant unilamellar vesicles encapsulating calcein and large unilamellar vesicles containing fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran, which were similar in composition to typical E. coli O157 and C. albicans membranes, we demonstrated that scolopendin 2 disrupts membranes, resulting in a pore size between 4.8 nm and 5.0 nm. Thus, we have demonstrated that a cationic antimicrobial peptide, scolopendin 2, exerts its broad-spectrum antimicrobial effects by forming pores in the cell membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heejeong Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK 21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daehak-ro 80, Buk-gu, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Sam Hwang
- Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeho Lee
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Oryong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Il Kim
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Oryong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Gun Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK 21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daehak-ro 80, Buk-gu, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
The discovery of antibiotics is one of the most important advances in the history of humankind. For eighty years human life expectancy and standards of living improved greatly thanks to antibiotics. But bacteria have been fighting back, developing resistance to our most potent molecules. New, alternative strategies must be explored as antibiotic therapies become obsolete because of bacterial resistance. Mathematical models and simulations guide the development of complex technologies, such as aircrafts, bridges, communication systems and transportation systems. Herein, models are discussed that guide the development of new antibiotic technologies. These models span multiple molecular and cellular scales, and facilitate the development of a technology that addresses a significant societal challenge. We argue that simulations can be a creative source of knowledge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiannis N Kaznessis
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Chen L, Li X, Gao L, Fang W. Theoretical insight into the relationship between the structures of antimicrobial peptides and their actions on bacterial membranes. J Phys Chem B 2014; 119:850-60. [PMID: 25062757 DOI: 10.1021/jp505497k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides with diverse cationic charges, amphiphathicities, and secondary structures possess a variety of antimicrobial activities against bacteria, fungi, and other generalized targets. To illustrate the relationship between the structures of these peptide and their actions at microscopic level, we present systematic coarse-grained dissipative particle dynamics simulations of eight types of antimicrobial peptides with different secondary structures interacting with a lipid bilayer membrane. We find that the peptides use multiple mechanisms to exert their membrane-disruptive activities: A cationic charge is essential for the peptides to selectively target negatively charged bacterial membranes. This cationic charge is also responsible for promoting electroporation. A significant hydrophobic portion is necessary to disrupt the membrane through formation of a permeable pore or translocation. Alternatively, the secondary structure and the corresponding rigidity of the peptides determine the pore structure and the translocation pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Licui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Xin-wai-da-jie 19#, Beijing 100875, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Afonin S, Glaser RW, Sachse C, Salgado J, Wadhwani P, Ulrich AS. (19)F NMR screening of unrelated antimicrobial peptides shows that membrane interactions are largely governed by lipids. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2014; 1838:2260-8. [PMID: 24699372 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Many amphiphilic antimicrobial peptides permeabilize bacterial membranes via successive steps of binding, re-alignment and/or oligomerization. Here, we have systematically compared the lipid interactions of two structurally unrelated peptides: the cyclic β-pleated gramicidin S (GS), and the α-helical PGLa. (19)F NMR was used to screen their molecular alignment in various model membranes over a wide range of temperatures. Both peptides were found to respond to the phase state and composition of these different samples in a similar way. In phosphatidylcholines, both peptides first bind to the bilayer surface. Above a certain threshold concentration they can re-align and immerse more deeply into the hydrophobic core, which presumably involves oligomerization. Re-alignment is most favorable around the lipid chain melting temperature, and also promoted by decreasing bilayer thickness. The presence of anionic lipids has no influence in fluid membranes, but in the gel phase the alignment states are more complex. Unsaturated acyl chains and other lipids with intrinsic negative curvature prevent re-alignment, hence GS and PGLa do not insert into mixtures resembling bacterial membranes, nor into bacterial lipid extracts. Cholesterol, which is present in high concentrations in animal membranes, even leads to an expulsion of the peptides from the bilayer and prevents their binding altogether. However, a very low cholesterol content of 10% was found to promote binding and re-alignment of both peptides. Overall, these findings show that the ability of amphiphilic peptides to re-align and immerse into a membrane is determined by the physico-chemical properties of the lipids, such as spontaneous curvature. This idea is reinforced by the remarkably similar behavior observed here for two structurally unrelated molecules (with different conformation, size, shape, charge), which further suggests that their activity at the membrane level is largely governed by the properties of the constituent lipids, while the selectivity towards different cell types is additionally ruled by electrostatic attraction between peptide and cell surface. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Interfacially Active Peptides and Proteins. Guest Editors: William C. Wimley and Kalina Hristova.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergii Afonin
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Biological Interfaces (IBG-2), POB 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ralf W Glaser
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Hans-Knöll-Str. 2, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Carsten Sachse
- EMBL - European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Structural and Computational Biology, Meyerhofstr. 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jesús Salgado
- Institute of Molecular Science (ICMol), University of Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Parvesh Wadhwani
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Biological Interfaces (IBG-2), POB 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Anne S Ulrich
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Biological Interfaces (IBG-2), POB 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Organic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Wheaten SA, Lakshmanan A, Almeida PF. Statistical analysis of peptide-induced graded and all-or-none fluxes in giant vesicles. Biophys J 2014; 105:432-43. [PMID: 23870264 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2013.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Revised: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial, cytolytic, and cell-penetrating peptides induce pores or perturbations in phospholipid membranes that result in fluxes of dyes into or out of lipid vesicles. Here we examine the fluxes induced by four of these membrane-active peptides in giant unilamellar vesicles. The type of flux is determined from the modality of the distributions of vesicles as a function of their dye content using the statistical Hartigan dip test. Graded and all-or-none fluxes correspond to unimodal and bimodal distributions, respectively. To understand how these distributions arise, we perform Monte Carlo simulations of peptide-induced dye flux into vesicles using a very simple model. The modality of the distributions depends on the rate constants of pore opening and closing, and dye flux. If the rate constants of pore opening and closing are both much smaller than that of dye flux through the pore, all-or-none influx occurs. However, if one of them, especially the rate constant for pore opening, increases significantly relative to the flux rate constant, the process becomes graded. In the experiments, we find that the flux type is the same in giant and large vesicles, for all peptides except one. But this one exception indicates that the flux type cannot be used to unambiguously predict the mechanism of membrane permeabilization by the peptides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sterling A Wheaten
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Vaidyanathan MS, Sathyanarayana P, Maiti PK, Visweswariah SS, Ayappa KG. Lysis dynamics and membrane oligomerization pathways for Cytolysin A (ClyA) pore-forming toxin. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra45159c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
45
|
Volzing K, Borrero J, Sadowsky MJ, Kaznessis YN. Antimicrobial peptides targeting Gram-negative pathogens, produced and delivered by lactic acid bacteria. ACS Synth Biol 2013; 2:643-50. [PMID: 23808914 DOI: 10.1021/sb4000367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We present results of tests with recombinant Lactococcus lactis that produce and secrete heterologous antimicrobial peptides with activity against Gram-negative pathogenic Escherichia coli and Salmonella . In an initial screening, the activities of numerous candidate antimicrobial peptides, made by solid state synthesis, were assessed against several indicator pathogenic E. coli and Salmonella strains. Peptides A3APO and Alyteserin were selected as top performers based on high antimicrobial activity against the pathogens tested and on significantly lower antimicrobial activity against L. lactis . Expression cassettes containing the signal peptide of the protein Usp45 fused to the codon-optimized sequence of mature A3APO and Alyteserin were cloned under the control of a nisin-inducible promoter PnisA and transformed into L. lactis IL1403. The resulting recombinant strains were induced to express and secrete both peptides. A3APO- and Alyteserin-containing supernatants from these recombinant L. lactis inhibited the growth of pathogenic E. coli and Salmonella by up to 20-fold, while maintaining the host's viability. This system may serve as a model for the production and delivery of antimicrobial peptides by lactic acid bacteria to target Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Volzing
- Department of Chemical
Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Juan Borrero
- Department of Chemical
Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Michael J. Sadowsky
- Department of Soil,
Water, and Climate, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States
- BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108,
United States
| | - Yiannis N. Kaznessis
- Department of Chemical
Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108,
United States
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Dobson AJ, Purves J, Kamysz W, Rolff J. Comparing selection on S. aureus between antimicrobial peptides and common antibiotics. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76521. [PMID: 24204634 PMCID: PMC3799789 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
With a diminishing number of effective antibiotics, there has been interest in developing antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as drugs. However, any new drug faces potential bacterial resistance evolution. Here, we experimentally compare resistance evolution in Staphylococcus aureus selected by three AMPs (from mammals, amphibians and insects), a combination of two AMPs, and two antibiotics: the powerful last-resort vancomycin and the classic streptomycin. We find that resistance evolves readily against single AMPs and against streptomycin, with no detectable fitness cost. However the response to selection from our combination of AMPs led to extinction, in a fashion qualitatively similar to vancomycin. This is consistent with the hypothesis that simultaneous release of multiple AMPs during immune responses is a factor which constrains evolution of AMP resistant pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam J. Dobson
- Animal & Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Joanne Purves
- Animal & Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- School of Molecular Medical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Wojciech Kamysz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Gdansk University of Medicine, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jens Rolff
- Animal & Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Institute of Biology, Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Goldberg K, Sarig H, Zaknoon F, Epand RF, Epand RM, Mor A. Sensitization of gram-negative bacteria by targeting the membrane potential. FASEB J 2013; 27:3818-26. [PMID: 23733749 DOI: 10.1096/fj.13-227942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Toward generating new tools for fighting multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, we assessed the ability of a membrane-active peptide to sensitize gram-negative bacteria to various antibiotics. The mechanism for affecting inner and/or outer membrane functions was assessed by complementary biophysical methods (SPR, DSC, ITC). The implication of efflux pumps was examined using Acr-AB mutants, as tested with representative antibiotics, host defense peptides, and synthetic mimics. The ability to affect disease course systemically was compared for a single therapy and combination therapy, using the mouse thigh-infection model. The data show that potent antibiotic action can be provoked in vitro and in vivo, by a treatment combining two antibacterial compounds whose individual inefficiency against gram-negative bacteria stems from their efflux. Thus, at subminimal inhibitory concentrations, the lipopeptide-like sequence, N(α)(ω7)dodecenoyl-lysyl-[lysyl-aminododecanoyl-lysyl]-amide (designated C12(ω7)K-β12), has, nonetheless, rapidly achieved a transient membrane depolarization, which deprived bacteria of the proton-motive force required for active efflux. Consequently, bacteria became significantly sensitive to intracellular targeting antibiotics. Collectively, these findings suggest a potentially useful approach for expanding the antibiotics sensitivity spectrum of MDR gram-negative bacteria to include efflux substrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keren Goldberg
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Li Y, Guo H. Atomistic simulations of an antimicrobial molecule interacting with a model bacterial membrane. Theor Chem Acc 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-012-1303-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
49
|
Allan B, Buchanan RM, Hauta S, van den Hurk J, Wilson HL. Innate Immune Cocktail Partially Protects Broilers Against Cellulitis and Septicemia. Avian Dis 2012; 56:659-69. [DOI: 10.1637/9966-101711-reg.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
50
|
Dannehl C, Travkova OG, Brezesinski G. Effect of SDS and CTAB on Derivatives of Antimicrobial Peptides Arenicin and LL-37. CHEM LETT 2012. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2012.1178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|