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Han YK, Lim HJ, Jang G, Jang SY, Park KM. Kidney ischemia/reperfusion injury causes cholangiocytes primary cilia disruption and abnormal bile secretion. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167225. [PMID: 38749218 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes distant liver injury, to date, which causes poor outcomes of patients with AKI. Many studies have been performed to overcome AKI-associated liver injury. However, those studies have mainly focused on hepatocytes, and AKI-induced liver injury still remains a clinical problem. Here, we investigated the implication of cholangiocytes and their primary cilia which are critical in final bile secretion. Cholangiocyte, a lining cell of bile ducts, are the only liver epithelial cell containing primary cilium (a microtubule-based cell surface signal-sensing organelle). METHODS Cystathione γ-lyase (CSE, a transsulfuration enzyme) deficient and wild-type mice were subjected to kidney ischemia followed by reperfusion (KIR). Some mice were administered with N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC). RESULTS KIR damaged hepatocytes and cholagiocytes, disrupted cholangiocytes primary cilia, released the disrupted ciliary fragments into the bile, and caused abnormal bile secretion. Glutathione (GSH) and H2S levels in the livers were significantly reduced by KIR, resulting in increased the ratio oxidized GSH to total GSH, and oxidation of tissue and bile. CSE and cystathione β-synthase (CBS) expression were lowered in the liver after KIR. NAC administration increased total GSH and H2S levels in the liver and attenuated KIR-induced liver injuries. In contrast, Cse deletion caused the reduction of total GSH levels and worsened KIR-induced liver injuries, including primary cilia damage and abnormal bile secretion. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that KIR causes cholangiocyte damage, cholangiocytes primary cilia disruption, and abnormal bile secretion through reduced antioxidative ability of the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Kwon Han
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Hui Jae Lim
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 Plus, The Graduate School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - GiBong Jang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 Plus, The Graduate School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Young Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon Moo Park
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 Plus, The Graduate School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea.
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Adiyeke E, Bakan N, Uvez A, Arslan DO, Kilic S, Koc B, Ozer S, Saatci O, Armutak Eİ. The effect of N-acetylcysteine on the neurotoxicity of sevoflurane in developing hippocampus cells. Neurotoxicology 2024; 103:96-104. [PMID: 38843996 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2024.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Sevoflurane, a common pediatric anesthetic, has been linked to neurodegeneration, raising safety concerns. This study explored N-acetylcysteine's protective potential against sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity in rat hippocampi. Four groups were examined: Control: Received 6 hours of 3 l/min gas (air and 30 % O2) and intraperitoneal saline. NAC: Received 6 hours of 3 l/min gas and 150 mg/kg NAC intraperitoneally. Sev: Exposed to 6 hours of 3 l/min gas and 3 % sevoflurane. Sev+NAC: Received 6 hours of 3 l/min gas, 3 % sevoflurane, and 150 mg/kg NAC. Protein levels of NRF-2, NLRP3, IL-1β, caspase-1, Beclin 1, p62, LC3A, and apoptosis markers were assessed. Sevoflurane and NAC alone reduced autophagy, while Sev+NAC group maintained autophagy levels. Sev group had elevated NRF-2, NLRP3, pNRF2, Caspase-1, and IL-1β, which were reduced in Sev+NAC. Apoptosis was higher in Sev, but Sev+NAC showed reduced apoptosis compared to the control. In summary, sevoflurane induced neurotoxicity in developing hippocampus, which was mitigated by N-acetylcysteine administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Adiyeke
- Sancaktepe Training and Research Hospital, Anesthesiology and Reanimation Department, Emek Mahallesi Namık Kemal Caddesi No:54 Sancaktepe, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Nurten Bakan
- Sancaktepe Training and Research Hospital, Anesthesiology and Reanimation Department, Emek Mahallesi Namık Kemal Caddesi No:54 Sancaktepe, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayca Uvez
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Department of Histology and Embryology, Turkey
| | - Devrim Oz Arslan
- Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University Institute of Health Science Department of Biophysics, Turkey
| | - Sima Kilic
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Institude of Nanotechnology and Biotechnology Department of Biotechnology, Turkey
| | - Berkcan Koc
- Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University Institute of Health Science Department of Biophysics, Turkey
| | - Samed Ozer
- Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University Institute of Health Science Department of Physiology, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Saatci
- Sancaktepe Training and Research Hospital Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Turkey
| | - Elif İlkay Armutak
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Department of Histology and Embryology, Turkey
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Roydeva A, Milanova A. LC-MS/MS determination of N-acetyl-l-cysteine in chicken plasma. Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5854. [PMID: 38432679 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) shows beneficial effects in cases of aflatoxicosis and heat stress in poultry but little is known about its pharmacokinetics in chickens. Therefore, the study aimed to develop and validate a sensitive LC-MS/MS analytical method for quantitative analysis of NAC in chicken plasma. A split calibration curve approach was used for determination of NAC in chicken plasma. Standard curves for low (0.05-2.5 μg/ml) and high (2.5-100 μg/ml) ranges of concentrations were prepared. The standard curves for low (r2 = 0.9987) and high (r2 = 0.9899) concentrations were linear within the tested range. The limits of detection (LOD) and of quantification (LOQ) for the standard at low concentrations were 0.093 and 0.28 μg/ml, respectively. The accuracy was from 97.35 to 101.33%. The values of LOD and LOQ for the standard at high concentrations were 0.76 and 2.30 μg/ml, respectively. The accuracy was between 99.77 and 112.14%. The intra- and inter-day precisions for all concentrations from both standards did not exceed 8.57% and 10.69%, respectively. The recovery for all concentrations was between 92.45 and 105.52%. The validated method for determination of NAC in chicken plasma can be applied in future pharmacokinetic studies in chickens without dilution of samples and their repeated analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albena Roydeva
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Aneliya Milanova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
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4
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Maïza A, Hamoudi R, Mabondzo A. Targeting the Multiple Complex Processes of Hypoxia-Ischemia to Achieve Neuroprotection. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5449. [PMID: 38791487 PMCID: PMC11121719 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a major cause of newborn brain damage stemming from a lack of oxygenated blood flow in the neonatal period. Twenty-five to fifty percent of asphyxiated infants who develop HIE die in the neonatal period, and about sixty percent of survivors develop long-term neurological disabilities. From the first minutes to months after the injury, a cascade of events occurs, leading to blood-brain barrier (BBB) opening, neuronal death and inflammation. To date, the only approach proposed in some cases is therapeutic hypothermia (TH). Unfortunately, TH is only partially protective and is not applicable to all neonates. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the basic molecular mechanisms of brain damage in hypoxia-ischemia (HI) and on the different therapeutic strategies in HI that have been used and explores a major limitation of unsuccessful therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Auriane Maïza
- CEA, DMTS, SPI, Neurovascular Unit Research & Therapeutic Innovation Laboratory, Paris-Saclay University, CEDEX 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France;
| | - Rifat Hamoudi
- Center of Excellence of Precision Medicine, Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates;
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Aloïse Mabondzo
- CEA, DMTS, SPI, Neurovascular Unit Research & Therapeutic Innovation Laboratory, Paris-Saclay University, CEDEX 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France;
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Zheng Y, Yi H, Zhan Z, Xue SS, Tang G, Yu X, Zhang DY. Reactive oxygen/nitrogen species scavenging and inflammatory regulation by renal-targeted bio-inspired rhodium nanozymes for acute kidney injury theranostics. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 662:413-425. [PMID: 38359505 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) results from the rapid deterioration of renal function, which is mainly treated by transplantation and dialysis, and has a high mortality rate. Inflammation induced by excess reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (RONS) plays a crucial role in AKI. Although small molecule antioxidants have been utilized to alleviate AKI, low bioavailability and side-effect of these drugs tremendously limit their clinical use. Hence, we successfully construct ultra-small (2-4 nm) rhodium nanoparticles modified with l-serine (denoted as Rh-Ser). Our results show that Rh-Ser with multiple enzyme-mimicking activities, allows remove various RONS to protect damaged kidney cells. Additionally, the ultrasmall size of Rh-Ser is conducive to enrichment in the renal tubules, and the modification of l-serine enables Rh-Ser to bind to kidney injury molecule-1, which is highly expressed on the surface of damaged renal cells, thereby targeting the damaged kidney and increasing the retention time. Moreover, Rh-Ser allows the production of oxygen at the inflammatory site, thus further improving hypoxia and inhibiting pro-inflammatory macrophages to relieve inflammation, and increasing the survival rate of AKI mice from 0 to 80%, which exhibits a better therapeutic effect than that of small molecule drug. Photoacoustic and fluorescence imaging can effectively monitor and evaluate the enrichment and therapeutic effect of Rh-Ser. Our study provides a promising strategy for the targeted treatment of AKI via RONS scavenging and inflammatory regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Huixi Yi
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, PR China
| | - Zhixiong Zhan
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, PR China
| | - Shan-Shan Xue
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Guosheng Tang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, PR China.
| | - Xiyong Yu
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, PR China.
| | - Dong-Yang Zhang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, PR China.
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Gu Q, An Y, Xu M, Huang X, Chen X, Li X, Shan H, Zhang M. Disulfidptosis, A Novel Cell Death Pathway: Molecular Landscape and Therapeutic Implications. Aging Dis 2024:AD.2024.0083. [PMID: 38739940 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2024.0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death is pivotal for several physiological processes, including immune defense. Further, it has been implicated in the pathogenesis of developmental disorders and the onset of numerous diseases. Multiple modes of programmed cell death, including apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, and ferroptosis, have been identified, each with their own unique characteristics and biological implications. In February 2023, Liu Xiaoguang and his team discovered "disulfidptosis," a novel pathway of programmed cell death. Their findings demonstrated that disulfidptosis is triggered in glucose-starved cells exhibiting high expression of a protein called SLC7A11. Furthermore, disulfidptosis is marked by a drastic imbalance in the NADPH/NADP+ ratio and the abnormal accumulation of disulfides like cystine. These changes ultimately lead to the destabilization of the F-actin network, causing cell death. Given that high SLC7A11 expression is a key feature of certain cancers, these findings indicate that disulfidptosis could serve as the basis of innovative anti-cancer therapies. Hence, this review delves into the discovery of disulfidptosis, its underlying molecular mechanisms and metabolic regulation, and its prospective applications in disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyang Gu
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yumei An
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Mingyuan Xu
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinqi Huang
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xueshi Chen
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xianzhe Li
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Shan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Mingyang Zhang
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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7
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Li C, Yu Y, Zhu S, Hu Y, Ling X, Xu L, Zhang H, Guo K. The emerging role of regulated cell death in ischemia and reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury: current evidence and future perspectives. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:216. [PMID: 38704372 PMCID: PMC11069531 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01979-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Renal ischemia‒reperfusion injury (IRI) is one of the main causes of acute kidney injury (AKI), which is a potentially life-threatening condition with a high mortality rate. IRI is a complex process involving multiple underlying mechanisms and pathways of cell injury and dysfunction. Additionally, various types of cell death have been linked to IRI, including necroptosis, apoptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis. These processes operate differently and to varying degrees in different patients, but each plays a role in the various pathological conditions of AKI. Advances in understanding the underlying pathophysiology will lead to the development of new therapeutic approaches that hold promise for improving outcomes for patients with AKI. This review provides an overview of the recent research on the molecular mechanisms and pathways underlying IRI-AKI, with a focus on regulated cell death (RCD) forms such as necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis. Overall, targeting RCD shows promise as a potential approach to treating IRI-AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenning Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Perioperative Stress and Protection, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Perioperative Stress and Protection, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuainan Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Perioperative Stress and Protection, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Perioperative Stress and Protection, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomin Ling
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Perioperative Stress and Protection, Shanghai, China
| | - Liying Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Perioperative Stress and Protection, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Perioperative Stress and Protection, Shanghai, China.
| | - Kefang Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Perioperative Stress and Protection, Shanghai, China.
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8
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Marañón P, Rey E, Isaza SC, Wu H, Rada P, Choya-Foces C, Martínez-Ruiz A, Martín MÁ, Ramos S, García-Monzón C, Cubero FJ, Valverde ÁM, González-Rodríguez Á. Inhibition of ALK3-mediated signalling pathway protects against acetaminophen-induced liver injury. Redox Biol 2024; 71:103088. [PMID: 38401290 PMCID: PMC10902147 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury is one of the most prevalent causes of acute liver failure (ALF). We assessed the role of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) type I receptors ALK2 and ALK3 in APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. The molecular mechanisms that regulate the balance between cell death and survival and the response to oxidative stress induced by APAP was assessed in cultured human hepatocyte-derived (Huh7) cells treated with pharmacological inhibitors of ALK receptors and with modulated expression of ALK2 or ALK3 by lentiviral infection, and in a mouse model of APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. Inhibition of ALK3 signalling with the pharmacological inhibitor DMH2, or by silencing of ALK3, showed a decreased cell death both by necrosis and apoptosis after APAP treatment. Also, upon APAP challenge, ROS generation was ameliorated and, thus, ROS-mediated JNK and P38 MAPK phosphorylation was reduced in ALK3-inhibited cells compared to control cells. These results were also observed in an experimental model of APAP-induced ALF in which post-treatment with DMH2 after APAP administration significantly reduced liver tissue damage, apoptosis and oxidative stress. This study shows the protective effect of ALK3 receptor inhibition against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. Furthermore, findings obtained from the animal model suggest that BMP signalling might be a new pharmacological target for the treatment of ALF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Marañón
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Esther Rey
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Stephania C Isaza
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Hanghang Wu
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Rada
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Choya-Foces
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Martínez-Ruiz
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Martín
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Ramos
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmelo García-Monzón
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Cubero
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángela M Valverde
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Águeda González-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain.
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9
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Jiang W, Hou X, Qi Y, Wang Z, Liu Y, Gao XJ, Wu T, Guo J, Fan K, Shang W. pH-Activatable Pre-Nanozyme Mediated H 2S Delivery for Endo-Exogenous Regulation of Oxidative Stress in Acute Kidney Injury. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2303901. [PMID: 38445847 PMCID: PMC11095207 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress induced by excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a primary pathogenic cause of acute kidney injury (AKI). Development of an effective antioxidation system to mitigate oxidative stress for alleviating AKI remains to be investigated. This study presents the synthesis of an ultra-small Platinum (Pt) sulfur cluster (Pt5.65S), which functions as a pH-activatable prefabricated nanozyme (pre-nanozyme). This pre-nanozyme releases hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and transforms into a nanozyme (Ptzyme) that mimics various antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase and catalase, within the inflammatory microenvironment. Notably, the Pt5.65S pre-nanozyme exhibits an endo-exogenous synergy-enhanced antioxidant therapeutic mechanism. The Ptzyme reduces oxidative damage and inflammation, while the released H2S gas promotes proneurogenesis by activating Nrf2 and upregulating the expression of antioxidant molecules and enzymes. Consequently, the Pt5.65S pre-nanozyme shows cytoprotective effects against ROS/reactive nitrogen species (RNS)-mediated damage at remarkably low doses, significantly improving treatment efficacy in mouse models of kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury and cisplatin-induced AKI. Based on these findings, the H2S-generating pre-nanozyme may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for mitigating inflammatory diseases such as AKI and others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- Department of Kidney TransplantationThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
- Nanozyme Medical CenterSchool of Basic Medical SciencesAcademy of Medical ScienceZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
| | - Xinyue Hou
- Department of Kidney TransplantationThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
| | - Yuanbo Qi
- Department of Kidney TransplantationThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Department of Kidney TransplantationThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
| | - Ying Liu
- Nanozyme Medical CenterSchool of Basic Medical SciencesAcademy of Medical ScienceZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
| | - Xuejiao J. Gao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringJiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang330022P. R. China
| | - Tingting Wu
- Nanozyme Medical CenterSchool of Basic Medical SciencesAcademy of Medical ScienceZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
| | - Jiancheng Guo
- Department of Kidney TransplantationThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
| | - Kelong Fan
- Nanozyme Medical CenterSchool of Basic Medical SciencesAcademy of Medical ScienceZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for NanozymeKey Laboratory of Protein and Peptide PharmaceuticalsInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing101408China
| | - Wenjun Shang
- Department of Kidney TransplantationThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
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Pei H, Qu J, Chen JM, Zhang YL, Zhang M, Zhao GJ, Lu ZQ. The effects of antioxidant supplementation on short-term mortality in sepsis patients. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29156. [PMID: 38644822 PMCID: PMC11033118 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The occurrence and development of sepsis are related to the excessive production of oxygen free radicals and the weakened natural clearance mechanism. Further dependable evidence is required to clarify the effectiveness of antioxidant therapy, especially its impact on short-term mortality. Objectives The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of common antioxidant therapy on short-term mortality in patients with sepsis. Methods According to PRISMA guidelines, a systematic literature search on antioxidants in adults sepsis patients was performed on PubMed/Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library from the establishment of the database to November 2023. Antioxidant supplements can be a single-drug or multi-drug combination: HAT (hydrocortisone, ascorbic acid, and thiamine), ascorbic acid, thiamine, N-acetylcysteine and selenium. The primary outcome was the effect of antioxidant treatment on short-term mortality, which included 28-day mortality, in-hospital mortality, intensive care unit mortality, and 30-day mortality. Subgroup analyses of short-term mortality were used to reduce statistical heterogeneity and publication bias. Results Sixty studies of 130,986 sepsis patients fulfilled the predefined criteria and were quantified and meta-analyzed. Antioxidant therapy reduces the risk of short-term death in sepsis patients by multivariate meta-analysis of current data, including a reduction of in-hospital mortality (OR = 0.81, 95% CI 0.67 to 0.99; P = 0.040) and 28-day mortality (OR = 0.81, 95% CI 0.69 to 0.95]; P = 0.008). Particularly in subgroup analyses, ascorbic acid treatment can reduce in-hospital mortality (OR = 0.66, 95% CI 0.90 to 0.98; P = 0.006) and 28-day mortality (OR = 0.43, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.75; P = 0.003). However, the meta-analysis of RCTs found that antioxidant therapy drugs, especially ascorbic acid, did substantially reduce short-term mortality(OR = 0.78, 95% CI 0.62 to 0.98; P = 0.030; OR = 0.57, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.91; P = 0.020). Conclusions According to current data of RCTs, antioxidant therapy, especially ascorbic acid, has a trend of improving short-term mortality in patients with sepsis, but the evidence remains to be further demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Pei
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Jie Qu
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Jian-Ming Chen
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Yao-Lu Zhang
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Guang-Ju Zhao
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Zhong-Qiu Lu
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Wenzhou, 325000, China
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11
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Hakimi F, Karimi Torshizi MA, Hezavehei M, Sharafi M. Protective Effect of N-Acetylcysteine on Rooster Semen Cryopreservation. Biopreserv Biobank 2024. [PMID: 38634668 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2023.0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Cryopreservation of avian semen is a useful reproductive technique in the poultry industry. However, during cooling, elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels have destructive effects on both quality and function of thawed sperm. The aim of the current study is to investigate the antioxidant effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) during rooster semen cryopreservation. Semen samples were collected from ten Ross 308 broiler breeder roosters (32 weeks) and mixed. The mixed samples were divided into five equal parts and cryopreserved in Lake Buffer extender that contained different concentrations (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10 mM) of NAC. The optimum concentration of NAC was determined based on quality parameters of mobility, viability, membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, lipid peroxidation, and mitochondrial membrane potential after the freeze-thaw process. There was a higher percentage (p < 0.05) of total motility (TM) (60.9 ± 2.4%) and progressive motility (PM) (35.6 ± 1.9%) observed with the NAC-0.1 group compared to the other groups. Significantly higher percentages of viability (74.4 ± 2.3% and 71 ± 2.3%), membrane integrity (76.4 ± 1.5% and 74.7 ± 1.5%) and mitochondrial membrane potential (67.1 ± 1.6% and 66.3 ± 1.6%) were observed in the NAC-0.1 and NAC-1 groups compared to the other frozen groups (p < 0.05). The lowest percentage of lipid peroxidation and nonviable sperm was found in the NAC-0.1 and NAC-1 groups compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). The average path velocity (VAP), straight line velocity (VSL), curvilinear velocity (VCL), and acrosome integrity, were not affected by different concentrations of NAC in the thawed sperm (p > 0.05). Both NAC-0.1 and NAC-1 appear to be beneficial for maintaining the quality of rooster sperm after thawing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Hakimi
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Hezavehei
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Reproduction and Fertility, Faculty of Veterinary medicine, Montreal University, St-Hyacinthe, Canada
| | - Mohsen Sharafi
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- Semex Alliance, Guelph, Canada
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12
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Floyd CA, Carr JR, Brock L, Orvin DL. Enteral N-acetylcysteine to reduce serum cobalt concentrations secondary to prosthetic knee-associated metallosis: A case report. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2024; 81:e159-e165. [PMID: 38141216 DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/zxad312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Cobalt metallosis is a rare but dangerous complication of total joint arthroplasty resulting from deterioration of the joint leading to metal-on-metal friction and breakdown. Potential manifestations vary in severity and include dilated cardiomyopathy, thyroid dysfunction, cognitive disturbances, neuropathy, fatigue, and weakness. The therapeutic role of N-acetylcysteine in metallosis has been investigated due to its ability to chelate with heavy metal ions, such as cobalt and chromium. SUMMARY Here we report the case of a 71-year-old female who presented with suspected metallosis diagnosed in the outpatient setting due to symptoms of significant weight loss and failure to thrive. This metallosis was secondary to the hardware breakdown of a left knee revision roughly 6 years previously. The patient was not a surgical candidate due to her poor nutrition status and was started on nasojejunal tube feeds along with N-acetylcysteine 600 mg by mouth twice daily for 45 days. The patient's serum cobalt levels decreased from 61.7 µg/L on admission to 16.2 µg/L prior to her undergoing proper revision of the left knee roughly 2 months after admission to the hospital. The patient tolerated treatment well and was able to be discharged the day after surgery, with no further complaints or complications. CONCLUSION This case report contributes to the body of literature suggesting that administration of N-acetylcysteine can reduce serum cobalt concentrations, without notable adverse effects, in the context of prosthetic knee-associated metallosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John R Carr
- St. Joseph's/Candler Health System, Savannah, GA, USA
| | - Logan Brock
- University of Georgia College of Pharmacy, Athens, GA, USA
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Patwardhan RS, Gohil D, Singh B, Kumar BK, Purohit V, Thoh M, Checker R, Gardi N, Gota V, Kutala VK, Patwardhan S, Sharma D, Sandur SK. Mitochondrial-targeted curcumin inhibits T-cell activation via Nrf2 and inhibits graft-versus-host-disease in a mouse model. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1555-1573. [PMID: 38281735 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Anti-inflammatory and immune suppressive agents are required to moderate hyper-activation of lymphocytes under disease conditions or organ transplantation. However, selective disruption of mitochondrial redox has not been evaluated as a therapeutic strategy for suppression of T-cell-mediated pathologies. Using mitochondrial targeted curcumin (MitoC), we studied the effect of mitochondrial redox modulation on T-cell responses by flow cytometry, transmission electron microscopy, transcriptomics, and proteomics, and the role of Nrf2 was studied using Nrf2- /- mice. MitoC decreased mitochondrial TrxR activity, enhanced mitochondrial ROS (mROS) production, depleted mitochondrial glutathione, and suppressed activation-induced increase in mitochondrial biomass. This led to suppression of T-cell responses and metabolic reprogramming towards Treg differentiation. MitoC induced nuclear translocation and DNA binding of Nrf2, leading to upregulation of Nrf2-dependent genes and proteins. MitoC-mediated changes in mitochondrial redox and modulation of T-cell responses are abolished in Nrf2- /- mice. Restoration of mitochondrial thiols abrogated inhibition of T-cell responses. MitoC suppressed alloantigen-induced lymphoblast formation, inflammatory cytokines, morbidity, and mortality in acute graft-versus-host disease mice. Disruption of mitochondrial thiols but not mROS increase inculcates an Nrf2-dependent immune-suppressive disposition in T cells for the propitious treatment of graft-versus-host disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dievya Gohil
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, India
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Babita Singh
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Binita K Kumar
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Vaitashi Purohit
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Maikho Thoh
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Rahul Checker
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, India
| | - Nilesh Gardi
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Vikram Gota
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, India
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Kutala
- Department of Biochemistry, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences (NIMS), Hyderabad, India
| | - Sejal Patwardhan
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, India
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Deepak Sharma
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, India
| | - Santosh K Sandur
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, India
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Sun J, Chen Y, Wang T, Ali W, Ma Y, Yuan Y, Gu J, Bian J, Liu Z, Zou H. Baicalin and N-acetylcysteine regulate choline metabolism via TFAM to attenuate cadmium-induced liver fibrosis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 125:155337. [PMID: 38241915 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
(Background): Cadmium is an environmental pollutant associated with several liver diseases. Baicalin and N-Acetylcysteine have antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects. (Purpose): However, it is unclear whether baicalin and N-Acetylcysteine can alleviate Cadmium -induced liver fibrosis by regulating metabolism, or whether they exert a synergistic effect. (Study design): We treated Cadmium-poisoned mice with baicalin, N-Acetylcysteine, or baicalin+ N-Acetylcysteine. We studied the effects of baicalin and N-Acetylcysteine on Cadmium-induced liver fibers and their specific mechanisms. (Methods): We used C57BL/6 J mice, and AML12, and HSC-6T cells to establish in vitro assays and in vivo models. (Results): Metabolomics was used to detect the effect of baicalin and N-Acetylcysteine on liver metabolism, which showed that compared with the control group, the Cadmium group had increased fatty acid and amino acid levels, with significantly reduced choline and acetylcholine contents. Baicalin and N-Acetylcysteine alleviated these Cadmium-induced metabolic changes. We further showed that choline alleviated Cadmium -induced liver inflammation and fibrosis. In addition, cadmium significantly promoted extracellular leakage of lactic acid, while choline alleviated the cadmium -induced destruction of the cell membrane structure and lactic acid leakage. Western blotting showed that cadmium significantly reduced mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) and Choline Kinase α(CHKα2) levels, and baicalin and N-Acetylcysteine reversed this effect. Overexpression of Tfam in mouse liver and AML12 cells increased the expression of CHKα2 and the choline content, alleviating and cadmium-induced lactic acid leakage, liver inflammation, and fibrosis. (Conclusion): Overall, baicalin and N-Acetylcysteine alleviated cadmium-induced liver damage, inflammation, and fibrosis to a greater extent than either drug alone. TFAM represents a target for baicalin and N-Acetylcysteine, and alleviated cadmium-induced liver inflammation and fibrosis by regulating hepatic choline metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yan Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Waseem Ali
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yonggang Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yan Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jianhong Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jianchun Bian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hui Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.
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15
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Long Q, Liao F, Yi H, Wang M, Zhuang J, Zheng Y, Guo W, Zhang DY. Biodegradable Osmium Nanoantidotes for Photothermal-/Chemo- Combined Treatment and to Prevent Chemotherapy-Induced Acute Kidney Injury. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302729. [PMID: 38097368 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common adverse event in chemotherapy patients. AKI is accompanied by the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammation. Therefore, the management of ROS and inflammation is a potential strategy for AKI mitigation. Herein, polyethylene glycol-coated osmium nanozyme-based antidotes (Os) are developed for imaging-guided photothermal therapy (PTT) in combination with cisplatin (Pt); while, avoiding AKI induced by high-dose Pt. Os nanoantidotes can enhance the efficiency of tumor treatment during combined PTT and chemotherapy and inhibit tumor metastasis by improving the hypoxic and inflammatory tumor microenvironment. Os nanoantidotes preferentially accumulate in the kidney because of their 2-nm size distribution; and then, regulate inflammation by scavenging ROS and generating oxygen to alleviate Pt-induced AKI. Os nanoantidotes can be cleared from the kidneys by urine excretion but can be degraded under hydrogen peroxide stimulation, reducing the bio-retention of these compounds. By integrating PTT with inflammatory regulation, Os nanoantidotes have the potential to reduce the side effects of chemotherapy, offering an alternative route for the clinical management of cancer patients with chemotherapy-induced AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Long
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Fangling Liao
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Huixi Yi
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Mingcheng Wang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Jiani Zhuang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Yue Zheng
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Weisheng Guo
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Dong-Yang Zhang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
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Gu J, Zhang P, Li H, Wang Y, Huang Y, Fan L, Ma X, Qian X, Xi J. Cerium-Luteolin Nanocomplexes in Managing Inflammation-Related Diseases by Antioxidant and Immunoregulation. ACS NANO 2024; 18:6229-6242. [PMID: 38345570 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress, characterized by an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the antioxidant defense system, plays a pivotal role in inflammation-related diseases. Excessive ROS levels can induce cellular damage and impair normal physiological functions, triggering the release of inflammatory mediators and exacerbating the inflammatory response, ultimately leading to irreversible tissue damage. In this study, we synthesized cerium ion-luteolin nanocomplexes (CeLutNCs) by coordinating Ce ions with the natural product luteolin, aiming to develop a therapeutic agent with excellent antioxidant and immunoregulation properties for ROS-related inflammation treatment. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the prepared CeLutNCs effectively scavenged excess ROS, prevented cell apoptosis, down-regulated levels of important inflammatory cytokines, regulated the response of inflammatory macrophages, and suppressed the activation of the nuclear factor-κ-gene binding (NF-κB) pathway. In an acute kidney injury (AKI) animal model, CeLutNCs exhibited significant efficacy in improving kidney function, repairing damaged renal tissue, and reducing oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and cellular apoptosis. Moreover, the therapeutic potential of CeLutNCs in an acute lung injury (ALI) model was confirmed through the assessment of inflammatory responses and histopathological studies. This study emphasizes the effectiveness of these metal-natural product coordination nanocomplexes as a promising therapeutic approach for preventing AKI and other diseases associated with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiake Gu
- Medical College, Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Peiying Zhang
- Medical College, Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Huajun Li
- Medical College, Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Yisen Wang
- Medical College, Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Medical College, Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Lei Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Xiaodong Qian
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Juqun Xi
- Medical College, Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
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Wu Q, Liu C, Liu D, Wang Y, Qi H, Liu X, Zhang Y, Chen H, Zeng Y, Li J. Polystyrene nanoplastics-induced lung apoptosis and ferroptosis via ROS-dependent endoplasmic reticulum stress. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169260. [PMID: 38086481 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
It has been shown that exposure to nanoplastics (MNPs) through inhalation can induce pulmonary toxicity, but the toxicological mechanism of MNPs on the respiratory system remains unclear. Therefore, we explored the toxicological mechanism of exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) (0.05, 0.15, 0.2 mg/mL) on BEAS-2B cells. Results revealed that PS-NPs induce oxidative stress, increased apoptosis rate measured by flow cytometry, the key ferroptosis protein (GPX4 and FTH1) reduction, increased iron content, mitochondrial alterations, and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Besides, consistent results were observed in mice exposed to PS-NPs (5 mg/kg/2d, 10 mg/kg/2d). Thus, we proved that PS-NPs induced cell death and lung damage through apoptosis and ferroptosis. In terms of mechanism, the elevation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress protein expression (IRE1α, PERK, XBP1S, and CHOP) revealed that PS-NPs induce lung damage by activating the two main ER stress pathways. Furthermore, the toxicological effects of PS-NPs observed in this study are attenuated by the ROS inhibitor N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Collectively, NPs-induced apoptosis and ferroptosis are attenuated by NAC via inhibiting the ROS-dependent ER stress in vitro and in vivo. This improves our understanding of the mechanism by which PS-NPs exposure leads to pulmonary injury and the potential protective effects of NAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiumei Wu
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yougang Wang
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Haomin Qi
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Xudong Liu
- Department of Brewing Engineering, Moutai Institute, Renhuai 564507, China
| | - Yuchao Zhang
- Department of Brewing Engineering, Moutai Institute, Renhuai 564507, China
| | - Haiyu Chen
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China.
| | - Jinquan Li
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China.
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18
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Liu Z, Jing C, Kong F. From clinical management to personalized medicine: novel therapeutic approaches for ovarian clear cell cancer. J Ovarian Res 2024; 17:39. [PMID: 38347608 PMCID: PMC10860311 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-024-01359-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian clear-cell cancer is a rare subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer with unique clinical and biological features. Despite optimal cytoreductive surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy being the standard of care, most patients experience drug resistance and a poor prognosis. Therefore, novel therapeutic approaches have been developed, including immune checkpoint blockade, angiogenesis-targeted therapy, ARID1A synthetic lethal interactions, targeting hepatocyte nuclear factor 1β, and ferroptosis. Refining predictive biomarkers can lead to more personalized medicine, identifying patients who would benefit from chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy. Collaboration between academic research groups is crucial for developing prognostic outcomes and conducting clinical trials to advance treatment for ovarian clear-cell cancer. Immediate progress is essential, and research efforts should prioritize the development of more effective therapeutic strategies to benefit all patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zesi Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Chunli Jing
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Fandou Kong
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning Province, China.
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Chen Y, Li Z, Zhang H, Chen H, Hao J, Liu H, Li X. Mitochondrial metabolism and targeted treatment strategies in ischemic-induced acute kidney injury. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:69. [PMID: 38341438 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01843-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common cause of acute kidney injury (AKI). The kidney is susceptible to IRI under several clinical conditions, including hypotension, sepsis, and surgical procedures, such as partial nephrectomy and kidney transplantation. Extensive research has been conducted on the mechanism and intervention strategies of renal IRI in past decades; however, the complex pathophysiology of IRI-induced AKI (IRI-AKI) is not fully understood, and there remains a lack of effective treatments for AKI. Renal IRI involves several processes, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, inflammation, and apoptosis. Mitochondria, the centers of energy metabolism, are increasingly recognized as substantial contributors to the early phases of IRI. Multiple mitochondrial lesions have been observed in the renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) of IRI-AKI mice, and damaged or dysfunctional mitochondria are toxic to the cells because they produce ROS and release cell death factors, resulting in TEC apoptosis. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in the mitochondrial pathology in ischemic AKI and highlight promising therapeutic approaches targeting mitochondrial dysfunction to prevent or treat human ischemic AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongming Chen
- Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Zixian Li
- Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Hongyong Zhang
- Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University Zhan-jiang Central Hospital, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Huixia Chen
- Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Junfeng Hao
- Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China.
| | - Huafeng Liu
- Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China.
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20
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Ren Y, Li G, Li E, Deng K, Lian J, Gao Q, Wang H, Wang X, Wang Z, Shen T, Jiang Z, Li X, Qiu G. Luteolin blocks the ROS/PI3K/AKT pathway to inhibit mesothelial-mesenchymal transition and reduce abdominal adhesions. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 964:176272. [PMID: 38110140 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative abdominal adhesion (PAA) is a common postoperative complication. Clinically, various methods have been used to prevent the occurrence of PAA, such as drugs and physiotherapy; however, no satisfactory results have been obtained. Luteolin (LUT) is a natural flavonoid that reduces inflammation and acts as an antioxidant. This research aimed to examine the impact and mechanism of LUT in reducing PAA. METHODS C57/BL6 mice were used in vivo experiments. PAA model was established using a brush friction method. Visual scoring and hematoxylin and eosin staining were used to score the severity of adhesions. Network pharmacology was used to infer potential targets and core pathways of LUT. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was used to induce oxidative stress in vitro, while the reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay kit was used to evaluate oxidative stress levels. Western blotting, cell immunofluorescence, and multiple immunofluorescence assays were used to detect α-SMA, vimentin, E-cadherin, collagen I, or AKT phosphorylation level. Scratch assay was used to detect cell migration. RESULTS LUT reduced the degree of PAA in mice. It attenuated H2O2-induced ROS production and reversed mesothelial-mesenchymal transition (MMT) in HMrSV5 cells. Network pharmacology analysis showed that LUT likely exerted anti-adhesion activity by regulating the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Phosphorylated Akt levels were significantly reduced in LUT-treated HMrSV5 cells. LUT also significantly reduced the expression of vimentin and collagen I in adherent tissues and upregulated E-cadherin expression. CONCLUSION LUT blocks the ROS/PI3K/AKT pathway, thereby inhibiting MMT and reducing PAA. To this end, LUT has potential in PAA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Ren
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gan Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Enmeng Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kai Deng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie Lian
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qi Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an Medical University, 710061 Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huijun Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xingjie Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zijun Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tianli Shen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhengdong Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuqi Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China; Department of Talent Highland, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Guanglin Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China.
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21
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Tuell D, Ford G, Los E, Stone W. The Role of Glutathione and Its Precursors in Type 2 Diabetes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:184. [PMID: 38397782 PMCID: PMC10885928 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major worldwide health crisis affecting about 6.2% of the world's population. Alarmingly, about one in five children in the USA have prediabetes. Glutathione (GSH) and its precursors play a promising role in the prevention and management of type T2D. Oxidative stress (OxS) is a probable factor in both T2D initiation and progression. GSH is the major cytosolic water-soluble chemical antioxidant and emerging evidence supports its role in improving T2D outcomes. Dietary supplementation with N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) and/or glycine (GLY), which are GSH precursors, has also been studied for possible beneficial effects on T2D. This review will focus on the underlying pathophysiological and molecular mechanisms linking GSH and its precursors with T2D and OxS. In addition to their traditional antioxidant roles, the in vivo effects of GSH/NAC/GLY supplements will be evaluated for their potential abilities to modulate the complex pro-oxidant pathophysiological factors (e.g., hyperglycemia) driving T2D progression. Positive feedback loops that amplify OxS over long time intervals are likely to result in irreversible T2D micro- and macro-vascular damage. Most clinical studies with GSH/NAC/GLY have focused on adults or the elderly. Future research with pediatric populations should be a high priority since early intervention is critical.
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22
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Zavala-Valencia AC, Velasco-Hidalgo L, Martínez-Avalos A, Castillejos-López M, Torres-Espíndola LM. Effect of N-Acetylcysteine on Cisplatin Toxicity: A Review of the Literature. Biologics 2024; 18:7-19. [PMID: 38250216 PMCID: PMC10799624 DOI: 10.2147/btt.s438150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a membrane-permeable cysteine precursor capable of enhancing the intracellular cysteine pool, enhancing cellular glutathione (GSH) synthesis, and thus potentiating the endogenous antioxidant mechanism. Late administration of NAC after cisplatin has been shown in different in vivo studies to reduce the side effects caused by various toxicities at different levels without affecting the antitumor efficacy of platinum, improving total and enzymatic antioxidant capacity and decreasing oxidative stress markers. These characteristics provide NAC with a rationale as a potentially effective chemo protectant in cisplatin-based therapeutic cycles. NAC represents a potential candidate as a chemoprotective agent to decrease toxicities secondary to cisplatin treatment. It suggests that it could be used in clinical trials, whereby the effective dose, timing, and route should be adjusted to optimize chemoprotection. This review provides an overview of the effect of NAC on cisplatin toxicity, a drug widely used in the clinic in adults and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeles Citlali Zavala-Valencia
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Institute of Pediatrics, Mexico City, Mexico
- Iztacala Faculty of Higher Studies, Tlalnepantla, México
| | | | | | - Manuel Castillejos-López
- Hospital Epidemiology and Infectology Unit, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
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Cheng W, Zhou Y, Chen H, Wu Q, Li Y, Wang H, Feng Y, Wang Y. The iron matters: Aged microplastics disrupted the iron homeostasis in the liver organoids. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167529. [PMID: 37788777 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Plastic products undergo artificial and unintentional aging during daily use, causing the presence of aged microplastics (aMP). Humans are inevitably exposed to aMP. Liver is one of the critical target organs of MP through oral intake, however, limited research has focused on the hepatic toxicity of aMP compared to pristine MP (pMP). We utilized the human pluripotent stem cells-derived liver organoids (LOs) to compare the cytotoxicity of pristine polystyrene microplastics (pPS) (1 μm, carbonyl index 0.08) and aged polystyrene microplastics (aPS) (1 μm, carbonyl index 0.20) ranged from 20 to 200 ng/mL. Our findings indicate that aPS was more cytotoxic than pPS. We explored the disrupted iron homeostasis in terms of the [Fe2+] and [Fe3+] levels, iron storage and transport. A "vector-like effect" induced by aPS has been preliminarily suggested by the correlated change in total iron level and co-localization of PS and ferritin light chain (FTL) in the LOs following exposure to aPS and ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) individually and combinedly. In addition, we observed abnormal mitochondrial morphology, elevated lipid peroxidation, and declined GSH peroxidase activity, together with the declined expression of transferrin receptor (TFRC) and elevated expressions of SLC7A11, FTL. The gene handled iron transport and iron use were disrupted by aPS. Moreover, we employed FAC to introduce iron overload and Nacetylcysteine (NAC) to protect the lipid peroxidation. In aPS + FAC group, aggravated effects could be observed in aspects of [Fe2+] level, lipid peroxidation, and compromised expression levels of iron homeostasis-related markers, in contrast, in aPS + NAC group, most of changes recovered but the hepatocytoxicity remained. Specifically, a dimorphic change in elevated FTL and decreased ferritin heavy chain (FTH1) caused by 50 ng/mL aMP (57.33 ± 3.57 items/mL, equivalent to human intake level), indicated a specific response to low-dose aMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cheng
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yue Zhou
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hange Chen
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qian Wu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yan Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yan Feng
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- The Ninth People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Public Health, Collaborative Innovation Center for Clinical and Translational Science by Ministry of Education & Shanghai, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Xiong Z, Wang H, Qu Y, Peng S, He Y, Yang Q, Xu X, Lv D, Liu Y, Xie C, Zhang X. The mitochondria in schizophrenia with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: From pathogenesis to therapeutic promise of targeted natural drugs. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 127:110831. [PMID: 37451595 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a complex multi-factor neurological disorder that caused an array of severe indelible consequences to the individuals and society. Additionally, anti-schizophrenic drugs are unsuitable for treating negative symptoms and have more significant side effects and drug resistance. For better treatment and prevention, we consider exploring the pathogenesis of schizophrenia from other perspectives. A growing body of evidence of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) suggested that the occurrence and progression of schizophrenia are related to mitochondrial dysfunction. So combing through the literature of 22q11DS published from 2000 to 2023, this paper reviews the mechanism of schizophrenia based on mitochondrial dysfunction, and it focuses on the natural drugs targeting mitochondria to enhance mitochondrial function, which are potential to improve the current treatment of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongxiang Xiong
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Heting Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yutian Qu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Sihan Peng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuchi He
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingyan Yang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyue Xu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - De Lv
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunguang Xie
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiyu Zhang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China.
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Yilmaz H, Mercantepe F, Tumkaya L, Mercantepe T, Yilmaz A, Yilmaz Rakici S. The potential antioxidant effect of N-acetylcysteine on X-ray ionizing radiation-induced pancreas islet cell toxicity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 685:149154. [PMID: 37913693 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous research has highlighted the impact of X-ray irradiation-induced organ damage, on cancer patients after radiation therapy. The ionizing radiation-induced oxidative stress causes injury to the pancreatic islet cells of Langerhans. We used histopathological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical analyses to examine α- and β-cells in the islets of Langerhans in rats undergoing whole-body x-ray ionizing radiation, a group of which was treated with NAC. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-four male rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, one control, and two experimental groups. Group I (Control) was administered only saline solution (0.09% NaCl) by oral gavage for 7 days. Group II (IR) was administrated whole body single dose 6 Gray ionizing radiation (IR) and saline solution (0.09% NaCl) by oral gavage for 7 days. Group III (IR + NAC) was administered 300 mg/kg NAC (N-acetylcysteine) by oral gavage for 7 days, 5 days before, and 2 days after 6 Gray IR application. RESULTS In the X-ray irradiation group, we observed diffuse necrotic endocrine cells in the islets of Langerhans. In addition, we found that Caspase-3, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased, and insulin, glucagon, and glutathione (GSH) levels decreased in the IR group compared to the control group. In contrast, we observed a decrease in Caspase-3, and MDA levels in necrotic endocrine cells, and an increase in insulin, glucagon, and GSH levels in the IR + NAC group compared to the IR group. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence for the beneficial effects of N-acetyl cysteine on islets of Langerhans cells with X-ray ionizing-radiation-induced damage in a rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamit Yilmaz
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey.
| | - Filiz Mercantepe
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Levent Tumkaya
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Tolga Mercantepe
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Adnan Yilmaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Sema Yilmaz Rakici
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, 53100, Rize, Turkey
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26
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Lapenna D. Glutathione and glutathione-dependent enzymes: From biochemistry to gerontology and successful aging. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 92:102066. [PMID: 37683986 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The tripeptide glutathione (GSH), namely γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine, is an ubiquitous low-molecular weight thiol nucleophile and reductant of utmost importance, representing the central redox agent of most aerobic organisms. GSH has vital functions involving also antioxidant protection, detoxification, redox homeostasis, cell signaling, iron metabolism/homeostasis, DNA synthesis, gene expression, cysteine/protein metabolism, and cell proliferation/differentiation or death including apoptosis and ferroptosis. Various functions of GSH are exerted in concert with GSH-dependent enzymes. Indeed, although GSH has direct scavenging antioxidant effects, its antioxidant function is substantially accomplished by glutathione peroxidase-catalyzed reactions with reductive removal of H2O2, organic peroxides such as lipid hydroperoxides, and peroxynitrite; to this antioxidant activity also contribute peroxiredoxins, enzymes further involved in redox signaling and chaperone activity. Moreover, the detoxifying function of GSH is basically exerted in conjunction with glutathione transferases, which have also antioxidant properties. GSH is synthesized in the cytosol by the ATP-dependent enzymes glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL), which catalyzes ligation of cysteine and glutamate forming γ-glutamylcysteine (γ-GC), and glutathione synthase, which adds glycine to γ-GC resulting in GSH formation; GCL is rate-limiting for GSH synthesis, as is the precursor amino acid cysteine, which may be supplemented as N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a therapeutically available compound. After its cell export, GSH is degraded extracellularly by the membrane-anchored ectoenzyme γ-glutamyl transferase, a process occurring, as GSH synthesis and export, in the γ-glutamyl cycle. GSH degradation occurs also intracellularly by the cytoplasmic enzymatic ChaC family of γ-glutamyl cyclotransferase. Synthesis and degradation of GSH, together with its export, translocation to cell organelles, utilization for multiple essential functions, and regeneration from glutathione disulfide by glutathione reductase, are relevant to GSH homeostasis and metabolism. Notably, GSH levels decline during aging, an alteration generally related to impaired GSH biosynthesis and leading to cell dysfunction. However, there is evidence of enhanced GSH levels in elderly subjects with excellent physical and mental health status, suggesting that heightened GSH may be a marker and even a causative factor of increased healthspan and lifespan. Such aspects, and much more including GSH-boosting substances administrable to humans, are considered in this state-of-the-art review, which deals with GSH and GSH-dependent enzymes from biochemistry to gerontology, focusing attention also on lifespan/healthspan extension and successful aging; the significance of GSH levels in aging is considered also in relation to therapeutic possibilities and supplementation strategies, based on the use of various compounds including NAC-glycine, aimed at increasing GSH and related defenses to improve health status and counteract aging processes in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Lapenna
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze dell'Invecchiamento, and Laboratorio di Fisiopatologia dello Stress Ossidativo, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST, former CeSI-MeT, Center of Excellence on Aging), Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti Pescara, U.O.C. Medicina Generale 2, Ospedale Clinicizzato "Santissima Annunziata", Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
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Geng H, Li R, Feng D, Zhu Y, Deng L. Role of the p38/AKT Pathway in the Promotion of Cell Proliferation by Serum Heat Inactivation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16538. [PMID: 38003726 PMCID: PMC10671805 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Serum is a common biomaterial in cell culture that provides nutrients and essential growth factors for cell growth. Serum heat inactivation is a common treatment method whose main purpose is to remove complement factors and viruses. As serum contains many heat-labile factors, heat inactivation may affect cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, and other functions. However, the specific mechanism of its effect on cell function has not been studied. Thus, we investigate the exact effects of heat-inactivated FBS on the viability of various cells and explore the possible molecular mechanisms. We treated HCT116, HT-29, and HepG2 cell lines with heat-inactivated (56 °C for 30 min) medium, DMEM, or fetal bovine serum (FBS) for different times (0, 10, 15, 30, 60, or 90 min); we found that heat-inactivated FBS significantly promoted the viability of these cells, whereas DMEM did not have this effect. Moreover, heat-inactivated FBS stimulated cells to produce a small amount of ROS and activated intracellular signaling pathways, mainly the p38/AKT signaling pathway. These results indicate that heat-inactivated FBS may regulate the p38/AKT signaling pathway by promoting the production of appropriate amounts of ROS, thereby regulating cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lu Deng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (H.G.); (R.L.); (D.F.); (Y.Z.)
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Lim EY, Lee SY, Shin HS, Kim GD. Reactive Oxygen Species and Strategies for Antioxidant Intervention in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2016. [PMID: 38001869 PMCID: PMC10669909 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12112016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening pulmonary condition characterized by the sudden onset of respiratory failure, pulmonary edema, dysfunction of endothelial and epithelial barriers, and the activation of inflammatory cascades. Despite the increasing number of deaths attributed to ARDS, a comprehensive therapeutic approach for managing patients with ARDS remains elusive. To elucidate the pathological mechanisms underlying ARDS, numerous studies have employed various preclinical models, often utilizing lipopolysaccharide as the ARDS inducer. Accumulating evidence emphasizes the pivotal role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the pathophysiology of ARDS. Both preclinical and clinical investigations have asserted the potential of antioxidants in ameliorating ARDS. This review focuses on various sources of ROS, including NADPH oxidase, uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase, cytochrome P450, and xanthine oxidase, and provides a comprehensive overview of their roles in ARDS. Additionally, we discuss the potential of using antioxidants as a strategy for treating ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Yeong Lim
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (E.Y.L.); (S.-Y.L.); (H.S.S.)
| | - So-Young Lee
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (E.Y.L.); (S.-Y.L.); (H.S.S.)
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Soon Shin
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (E.Y.L.); (S.-Y.L.); (H.S.S.)
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Gun-Dong Kim
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (E.Y.L.); (S.-Y.L.); (H.S.S.)
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Gustafson Å, Elfsmark L, Karlsson T, Jonasson S. N-acetyl cysteine mitigates lung damage and inflammation after chlorine exposure in vivo and ex vivo. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 479:116714. [PMID: 37820773 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore the effects of antioxidant treatments, specifically N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and N-acetylcysteine amide (NACA), in a mouse model of chlorine (Cl2)-induced lung injury. Additionally, the study aimed to investigate the utility of pig precision-cut lung slices (PCLS) as an ex vivo alternative for studying the short-term effects of Cl2 exposure and evaluating antioxidant treatments. The toxicological responses were analyzed in Cl2-exposed mice (inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR)) and PCLS (viability, cytotoxicity, inflammatory mediators). Airways contractions were assessed using a small ventilator for mice and electric-field stimulation (EFS) for PCLS. Antioxidant treatments were administered to evaluate their effects. In Cl2-exposed mice, NAC treatment did not alleviate AHR, but it did reduce the number of neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and inflammatory mediators in lung tissue. In PCLS, exposure to Cl2 resulted in concentration-dependent toxicity, impairing the lung tissue's ability to respond to EFS-stimulation. NAC treatment increased viability, mitigated the toxic responses caused by Cl2 exposure, and maintained contractility comparable to unexposed controls. Interestingly, NACA did not provide any additional treatment effect beyond NAC in both models. In conclusion, the establishment of a pig model for Cl2-induced lung damage supports further investigation of NAC as a potential treatment. However, the lack of protective effects on AHR after NAC treatment in mice suggests that NAC alone may not be sufficient as a complete treatment for Cl2 injuries. Optimization of existing medications with a polypharmacy approach may be more successful in addressing the complex sequelae of Cl2-induced lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Åsa Gustafson
- Swedish Defence Research Agency, CBRN Defence and Security, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Linda Elfsmark
- Swedish Defence Research Agency, CBRN Defence and Security, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Terese Karlsson
- Swedish Defence Research Agency, CBRN Defence and Security, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Sofia Jonasson
- Swedish Defence Research Agency, CBRN Defence and Security, Umeå, Sweden.
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Radwan K, Wu G, Banks-Word K, Rosenberger R. An Open-Label Case Series of Glutathione Use for Symptomatic Management in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Med Sci (Basel) 2023; 11:73. [PMID: 37987328 PMCID: PMC10660524 DOI: 10.3390/medsci11040073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a type of neurodevelopmental disorder that has been diagnosed in an increasing number of children around the world. The existing data suggest that early diagnosis and intervention can improve ASD outcomes. The causes of ASD remain complex and unclear, and there are currently no clinical biomarkers for autism spectrum disorder. There is an increasing recognition that ASD might be associated with oxidative stress through several mechanisms including abnormal metabolism (lipid peroxidation) and the toxic buildup of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Glutathione acts as an antioxidant, a free radical scavenger and a detoxifying agent. This open-label pilot study investigates the tolerability and effectiveness of oral supplementation with OpitacTM gluthathione as a treatment for patients with ASD. The various aspects of glutathione OpitacTM glutathione bioavailability were examined when administered by oral routes. The absorption of glutathione from the gastrointestinal tract has been recently investigated. The results of this case series suggest that oral glutathione supplementation may improve oxidative markers, but this does not necessarily translate to the observed clinical improvement of subjects with ASD. The study reports a good safety profile of glutathione use, with stomach upset reported in four out of six subjects. This article discusses the role of the gut microbiome and redox balance in ASD and notes that a high baseline oxidative burden may make some patients poor responders to glutathione supplementation. In conclusion, an imbalance in redox reactions is only one of the many factors contributing to ASD, and further studies are necessary to investigate other factors, such as impaired neurotransmission, immune dysregulation in the brain, and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karam Radwan
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA (R.R.)
| | - Gary Wu
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Rosalind Franklin University, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA;
| | - Kamilah Banks-Word
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA (R.R.)
| | - Ryan Rosenberger
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA (R.R.)
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Qin P, Ma S, Li C, Di Y, Liu Z, Wang H, Li Y, Jiang S, Yang W, Jiao N. Cysteine Attenuates the Impact of Bisphenol A-Induced Oxidative Damage on Growth Performance and Intestinal Function in Piglets. TOXICS 2023; 11:902. [PMID: 37999554 PMCID: PMC10675709 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11110902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), a kind of environmental toxin, widely impacts daily life. Cysteine (Cys) is a nutritionally important amino acid for piglets. However, it remains unclear whether Cys can alleviate BPA-induced oxidative damage in piglets. The aim of the present study was to explore the protective effects of Cys in BPA-challenged piglets. A total of twenty-four piglets were divided into four groups that were further subdivided based on the type of exposure (with or without 0.1% BPA) in a basal or Cys diet for a 28 d feeding trial. The results showed that BPA exposure decreased the piglets' average daily weight gain by 14.9%, and decreased dry matter, crude protein and ether extract digestibility by 3.3%, 4.5% and 2.3%, respectively; these decreases were attenuated by Cys supplementation. Additionally, Cys supplementation restored BPA-induced decreases in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH), and increases in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, in the serum and jejunum (p < 0.05). Moreover, BPA decreased the jejunal mRNA expression of antioxidant genes, which were restored by Cys supplementation (p < 0.05). Cys also restored BPA and increased serum D-lactate levels and diamine oxidase (DAO) activity, and BPA decreased jejunal disaccharidase activity (p < 0.05). Further investigations in this study showed that the protective effects of Cys were associated with restoring intestinal barrier integrity by improving the jejunal morphology and enhancing the mRNA expression of tight junction proteins (p < 0.05). Collectively, the results herein demonstrated that Cys supplementation attenuated the impact of BPA-induced oxidative damage on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and intestinal function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ning Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-Grain Feed Resources (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China; (P.Q.); (S.M.); (C.L.); (Y.D.); (Z.L.); (H.W.); (Y.L.); (S.J.); (W.Y.)
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32
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Wang L, Xu Y, Zhao X, Zhu X, He X, Sun A, Zhuang G. Antagonistic effects of N-acetylcysteine on lead-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress in chicken embryo fibroblast cells. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21847. [PMID: 38034812 PMCID: PMC10682149 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a heavy metal that can have harmful effects on the environment, which has severe cytotoxicity in many animal tissues. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has antioxidant activity, reducing lead-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis, but its role in chicken cells is unknown. The current study explored the antagonistic effect of NAC on lead-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress in chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF). In this study, CEF was used as a model to measure the cytotoxic effects of lead nitrate at different concentrations, demonstrating a dose-dependent effect on CEF activity. Employing inverted microscopy, the investigation of morphological alterations in CEF cells was conducted. Fluorescence staining methodology enabled the assessment of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels within CEF cells. Moreover, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was utilized to detect the presence of oxidative damage indicators encompassing superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) within CEF cells. Furthermore, the determination of the apoptosis rate of CEF cells was accomplished through the utilization of the Hoechst 33258 staining method in combination with the Annexin V-FITC dual staining method. By using RT-qPCR for detection, lead treatment increased expression of pro-apoptotic genes, caspase-3, and caspase-9, and reduced expression of anti-apoptotic genes, Bcl-2, and BI-1. Reduced antioxidant capacity was shown by increased ROS and MDA levels in CEF cells after lead treatment. The results showed that NAC inhibited the expression of caspase-3 and caspase-9 in lead-treated CEF cells, while NAC had a certain inhibitory effect on the relative expression of Bcl-2 and BI-1 mRNA in lead-induced CEF cells. NAC significantly reduced lead-induced oxidative damage and apoptosis. Overall, our results demonstrate a novel protective effect of NAC against lead-induced injury in chicken cells, providing a theoretical basis for future investigations of drugs that are effective in preventing lead poisoning in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lele Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijie Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuyang Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuyuan He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Aijun Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqing Zhuang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, People's Republic of China
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Bruschi M, Biancucci F, Masini S, Piacente F, Ligi D, Bartoccini F, Antonelli A, Mannello F, Bruzzone S, Menotta M, Fraternale A, Magnani M. The influence of redox modulation on hypoxic endothelial cell metabolic and proteomic profiles through a small thiol-based compound tuning glutathione and thioredoxin systems. Biofactors 2023; 49:1205-1222. [PMID: 37409789 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Reduction in oxygen levels is a key feature in the physiology of the bone marrow (BM) niche where hematopoiesis occurs. The BM niche is a highly vascularized tissue and endothelial cells (ECs) support and regulate blood cell formation from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). While in vivo studies are limited, ECs when cultured in vitro at low O2 (<5%), fail to support functional HSC maintenance due to oxidative environment. Therefore, changes in EC redox status induced by antioxidant molecules may lead to alterations in the cellular response to hypoxia likely favoring HSC self-renewal. To evaluate the impact of redox regulation, HUVEC, exposed for 1, 6, and 24 h to 3% O2 were treated with N-(N-acetyl-l-cysteinyl)-S-acetylcysteamine (I-152). Metabolomic analyses revealed that I-152 increased glutathione levels and influenced the metabolic profiles interconnected with the glutathione system and the redox couples NAD(P)+/NAD(P)H. mRNA analysis showed a lowered gene expression of HIF-1α and VEGF following I-152 treatment whereas TRX1 and 2 were stimulated. Accordingly, the proteomic study revealed the redox-dependent upregulation of thioredoxin and peroxiredoxins that, together with the glutathione system, are the main regulators of intracellular ROS. Indeed, a time-dependent ROS production under hypoxia and a quenching effect of the molecule were evidenced. At the secretome level, the molecule downregulated IL-6, MCP-1, and PDGF-bb. These results suggest that redox modulation by I-152 reduces oxidative stress and ROS level in hypoxic ECs and may be a strategy to fine-tune the environment of an in vitro BM niche able to support functional HSC maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Bruschi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Federica Biancucci
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Sofia Masini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Francesco Piacente
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, and CEBR, University of Genoa, Genoa, GE, Italy
| | - Daniela Ligi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Francesca Bartoccini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Antonella Antonelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Mannello
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Santina Bruzzone
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, and CEBR, University of Genoa, Genoa, GE, Italy
- IRCCS, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, GE, Italy
| | - Michele Menotta
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fraternale
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Mauro Magnani
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, PU, Italy
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Zhang H, Gong J, Zhang S, Luo L, Luo C, Bi K, Wang L, Kan X, Tian Z, Wang X. N-acetylcysteine attenuates the incidence of phlebitis induced by carbomer/vinorelbine gel. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21235. [PMID: 37942159 PMCID: PMC10628679 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The high incidence and severe clinical manifestations of phlebitis pose a complex and urgent clinical challenge. The rapid and simple establishment of animal phlebitis models and the development of preventive strategies are crucial to resolving this problem. Methods In this study, we established such models by mixing vinorelbine ditartrate (VNR) and carbomer to form a sustained-release gel carrier, and then injected it around the veins rather than inside the vessels. Furthermore, we analyzed the efficacy of the carbomer/VNR gel in inducing phlebitis by monitoring the morphology of the veins using HE staining, immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining, and western blotting. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation levels were determined using flow cytometry. Finally, we evaluated the inhibitory effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on VNR-induced phlebitis in rabbits and rats. Results Our findings suggested that the carbomer/VNR gel rapidly and easily induced phlebitis due to by retention of the gel in situ, wrapping the veins, and the prolonged release of VNR. NAC alleviated the VNR-induced oxidative stress response and expression of inflammatory cytokines by attenuating mitochondrial damage in venous endothelial cells, thereby preventing the occurrence of phlebitis in rabbits and rats. Conclusion The in situ carbomer/VNR gel provides a rapid and simple method for establishing an animal model to study the pathogenesis of phlebitis. Furthermore, the observed therapeutic effect of NAC highlights its novel and efficacious role in preventing and treating phlebitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Gong
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Liwen Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Chengqin Luo
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ke Bi
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuewei Kan
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhiqian Tian
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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35
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Georgiou-Siafis SK, Tsiftsoglou AS. The Key Role of GSH in Keeping the Redox Balance in Mammalian Cells: Mechanisms and Significance of GSH in Detoxification via Formation of Conjugates. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1953. [PMID: 38001806 PMCID: PMC10669396 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) is a ubiquitous tripeptide that is biosynthesized in situ at high concentrations (1-5 mM) and involved in the regulation of cellular homeostasis via multiple mechanisms. The main known action of GSH is its antioxidant capacity, which aids in maintaining the redox cycle of cells. To this end, GSH peroxidases contribute to the scavenging of various forms of ROS and RNS. A generally underestimated mechanism of action of GSH is its direct nucleophilic interaction with electrophilic compounds yielding thioether GSH S-conjugates. Many compounds, including xenobiotics (such as NAPQI, simvastatin, cisplatin, and barbital) and intrinsic compounds (such as menadione, leukotrienes, prostaglandins, and dopamine), form covalent adducts with GSH leading mainly to their detoxification. In the present article, we wish to present the key role and significance of GSH in cellular redox biology. This includes an update on the formation of GSH-S conjugates or GSH adducts with emphasis given to the mechanism of reaction, the dependence on GST (GSH S-transferase), where this conjugation occurs in tissues, and its significance. The uncovering of the GSH adducts' formation enhances our knowledge of the human metabolome. GSH-hematin adducts were recently shown to have been formed spontaneously in multiples isomers at hemolysates, leading to structural destabilization of the endogenous toxin, hematin (free heme), which is derived from the released hemoglobin. Moreover, hemin (the form of oxidized heme) has been found to act through the Kelch-like ECH associated protein 1 (Keap1)-nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway as an epigenetic modulator of GSH metabolism. Last but not least, the implications of the genetic defects in GSH metabolism, recorded in hemolytic syndromes, cancer and other pathologies, are presented and discussed under the framework of conceptualizing that GSH S-conjugates could be regarded as signatures of the cellular metabolism in the diseased state.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Asterios S. Tsiftsoglou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh), 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
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Diniz MS, Magalhães CC, Tocantins C, Grilo LF, Teixeira J, Pereira SP. Nurturing through Nutrition: Exploring the Role of Antioxidants in Maternal Diet during Pregnancy to Mitigate Developmental Programming of Chronic Diseases. Nutrients 2023; 15:4623. [PMID: 37960276 PMCID: PMC10649237 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic diseases represent one of the major causes of death worldwide. It has been suggested that pregnancy-related conditions, such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), maternal obesity (MO), and intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR) induce an adverse intrauterine environment, increasing the offspring's predisposition to chronic diseases later in life. Research has suggested that mitochondrial function and oxidative stress may play a role in the developmental programming of chronic diseases. Having this in mind, in this review, we include evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are mechanisms by which GDM, MO, and IUGR program the offspring to chronic diseases. In this specific context, we explore the promising advantages of maternal antioxidant supplementation using compounds such as resveratrol, curcumin, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), and Mitoquinone (MitoQ) in addressing the metabolic dysfunction and oxidative stress associated with GDM, MO, and IUGR in fetoplacental and offspring metabolic health. This approach holds potential to mitigate developmental programming-related risk of chronic diseases, serving as a probable intervention for disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana S. Diniz
- CNC-UC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.S.D.); (C.C.M.); (C.T.); (L.F.G.)
- CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
- Doctoral Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carina C. Magalhães
- CNC-UC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.S.D.); (C.C.M.); (C.T.); (L.F.G.)
- CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carolina Tocantins
- CNC-UC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.S.D.); (C.C.M.); (C.T.); (L.F.G.)
- CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
- Doctoral Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís F. Grilo
- CNC-UC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.S.D.); (C.C.M.); (C.T.); (L.F.G.)
- CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
- Doctoral Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Teixeira
- CNC-UC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.S.D.); (C.C.M.); (C.T.); (L.F.G.)
- CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Susana P. Pereira
- CNC-UC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.S.D.); (C.C.M.); (C.T.); (L.F.G.)
- CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
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Huang X, Shi L, Lin Y, Zhang C, Liu P, Zhang R, Chen Q, Ouyang X, Gao Y, Wang Y, Sun T. Pycnoporus sanguineus Polysaccharides as Reducing Agents: Self-Assembled Composite Nanoparticles for Integrative Diabetic Wound Therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:6021-6035. [PMID: 37908670 PMCID: PMC10614664 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s427055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are severe complications of diabetes, posing significant health and societal challenges. Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) at the ulcer site hinder wound healing in most patients, while individuals with diabetes are also more susceptible to bacterial infections. This study aims to synthesize a comprehensive therapeutic material using polysaccharides from Pycnoporus sanguineus to promote DFU wound healing, reduce ROS levels, and minimize bacterial infections. Methods Polysaccharides from P.sanguineus were employed as reducing and stabilizing agents to fabricate polysaccharide-based composite particles (PCPs) utilizing silver ions as templates. PCPs were characterized via UV-Vis, TEM, FTIR, XRD, and DLS. The antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic properties of PCPs were assessed through in vitro and cellular experiments. The effects and mechanisms of PCPs on wound healing were evaluated using a diabetic ulcer mouse model. Results PCPs exhibited spherical particles with an average size of 57.29±22.41 nm and effectively combined polysaccharides' antioxidant capacity with silver nanoparticles' antimicrobial function, showcasing synergistic therapeutic effects. In vitro and cellular experiments demonstrated that PCPs reduced cellular ROS levels by 54% at a concentration of 31.25 μg/mL and displayed potent antibacterial activity at 8 μg/mL. In vivo experiments revealed that PCPs enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), promoting wound healing in DFUs and lowering the risk of bacterial infections. Conclusion The synthesized PCPs offer a novel strategy for the comprehensive treatment of DFU. By integrating antioxidant and antimicrobial functions, PCPs effectively promote wound healing and alleviate patient suffering. The present study demonstrates a new strategy for the integrated treatment of diabetic wounds and expands the way for developing and applying the polysaccharide properties of P. sanguineus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Huang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Proteins and Peptides Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong Universities Key Laboratory of Biological Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lihua Shi
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Proteins and Peptides Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong Universities Key Laboratory of Biological Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yin Lin
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Proteins and Peptides Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong Universities Key Laboratory of Biological Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Proteins and Peptides Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong Universities Key Laboratory of Biological Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Penghui Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Proteins and Peptides Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong Universities Key Laboratory of Biological Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ran Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiqi Chen
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Proteins and Peptides Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong Universities Key Laboratory of Biological Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xudong Ouyang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingshuai Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tongyi Sun
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Proteins and Peptides Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong Universities Key Laboratory of Biological Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, People’s Republic of China
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Tieu S, Charchoglyan A, Paulsen L, Wagter-Lesperance LC, Shandilya UK, Bridle BW, Mallard BA, Karrow NA. N-Acetylcysteine and Its Immunomodulatory Properties in Humans and Domesticated Animals. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1867. [PMID: 37891946 PMCID: PMC10604897 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an acetylated derivative of the amino acid L-cysteine, has been widely used as a mucolytic agent and antidote for acetaminophen overdose since the 1960s and the 1980s, respectively. NAC possesses antioxidant, cytoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and mucolytic properties, making it a promising therapeutic agent for a wide range of diseases in both humans and domesticated animals. Oxidative stress and inflammation play a major role in the onset and progression of all these diseases. NAC's primary role is to replenish glutathione (GSH) stores, the master antioxidant in all tissues; however, it can also reduce levels of pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-∝) and interleukins (IL-6 and IL-1β), inhibit the formation of microbial biofilms and destroy biofilms, and break down disulfide bonds between mucin molecules. Many experimental studies have been conducted on the use of NAC to address a wide range of pathological conditions; however, its effectiveness in clinical trials remains limited and studies often have conflicting results. The purpose of this review is to provide a concise overview of promising NAC usages for the treatment of different human and domestic animal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Tieu
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (S.T.); (U.K.S.)
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (L.P.); (L.C.W.-L.); (B.W.B.); (B.A.M.)
| | - Armen Charchoglyan
- ImmunoCeutica Inc., Cambridge, ON N1T 1N6, Canada
- Advanced Analysis Centre, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Lauryn Paulsen
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (L.P.); (L.C.W.-L.); (B.W.B.); (B.A.M.)
| | - Lauri C. Wagter-Lesperance
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (L.P.); (L.C.W.-L.); (B.W.B.); (B.A.M.)
- ImmunoCeutica Inc., Cambridge, ON N1T 1N6, Canada
| | - Umesh K. Shandilya
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (S.T.); (U.K.S.)
| | - Byram W. Bridle
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (L.P.); (L.C.W.-L.); (B.W.B.); (B.A.M.)
- ImmunoCeutica Inc., Cambridge, ON N1T 1N6, Canada
| | - Bonnie A. Mallard
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (L.P.); (L.C.W.-L.); (B.W.B.); (B.A.M.)
- ImmunoCeutica Inc., Cambridge, ON N1T 1N6, Canada
| | - Niel A. Karrow
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (S.T.); (U.K.S.)
- ImmunoCeutica Inc., Cambridge, ON N1T 1N6, Canada
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Romano M, Cirillo F, Spadaro D, Busnelli A, Castellano S, Albani E, Levi-Setti PE. High sperm DNA fragmentation: do we have robust evidence to support antioxidants and testicular sperm extraction to improve fertility outcomes? a narrative review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1150951. [PMID: 37867514 PMCID: PMC10585152 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1150951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, infertility affects 10% to 15% of couples worldwide. A male factor is estimated to account for up to 50% of cases. Oral supplementation with antioxidants could be helpful to improve sperm quality by reducing oxidative damage. At the same time, there is a growing interest in the literature on the use of testicular sperm in patients with high DNA fragmentation index (DFI). This narrative review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of supplementation of oral antioxidants in infertile men with high DFI compared to testicular sperm retrieval. The current evidence is non-conclusive because of serious risk of bias due to small sample sizes and statistical methods. Further large well-designed randomised placebo-controlled trials are still required to clarify the exact role of these to different therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Romano
- Department of Gynecology, Division of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Fertility Center, Humanitas Research Hospital, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Cirillo
- Department of Gynecology, Division of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Fertility Center, Humanitas Research Hospital, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Daria Spadaro
- Department of Gynecology, Division of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Fertility Center, Humanitas Research Hospital, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Busnelli
- Department of Gynecology, Division of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Fertility Center, Humanitas Research Hospital, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Castellano
- Department of Gynecology, Division of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Fertility Center, Humanitas Research Hospital, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Albani
- Department of Gynecology, Division of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Fertility Center, Humanitas Research Hospital, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Emanuele Levi-Setti
- Department of Gynecology, Division of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Fertility Center, Humanitas Research Hospital, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
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Haugsten Hansen M, Sadredini M, Hasic A, Eriksen M, Stokke MK. Myocardial oxidative stress is increased in early reperfusion, but systemic antioxidative therapy does not prevent ischemia-reperfusion arrhythmias in pigs. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1223496. [PMID: 37823177 PMCID: PMC10562584 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1223496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Arrhythmias in the early phase of reperfusion after myocardial infarction (MI) are common, and can lead to hemodynamic instability or even cardiac arrest. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are thought to play a key role in the underlying mechanisms, but evidence from large animal models is scarce, and effects of systemic antioxidative treatment remain contentious. Methods MI was induced in 7 male and 7 female pigs (Norwegian landrace, 35-40 kg) by clamping of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) during open thorax surgery. Ischemia was maintained for 90 min, before observation for 1 h after reperfusion. Pigs were randomized 1:1 in an operator-blinded fashion to receive either i.v. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) from 70 min of ischemia and onwards, or 0.9% NaCl as a control. Blood samples and tissue biopsies were collected at baseline, 60 min of ischemia, and 5 and 60 min of reperfusion. ECG and invasive blood pressure were monitored throughout. Results The protocol was completed in 11 pigs. Oxidative stress, as indicated by immunoblotting for Malondialdehyde in myocardial biopsies, was increased at 5 min of reperfusion compared to baseline, but not at 60 min of reperfusion, and not reduced with NAC. We found no significant differences in circulating biomarkers of myocardial necrosis, nor in the incidence of idioventricular rhythm (IVR), non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT), ventricular tachycardia (VT) or ventricular fibrillation (VF) between NAC-treated and control pigs during reperfusion. Conclusion Myocardial oxidation was increased early after reperfusion in a porcine model of MI, but systemic antioxidative treatment did not protect against reperfusion arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Haugsten Hansen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mani Sadredini
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Almira Hasic
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Morten Eriksen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mathis Korseberg Stokke
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
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Doroudian M, Thibault ME, Gailer J. N-Acetylcysteine Displaces Glutathionyl-Moieties from Hg 2+ and MeHg + to Form More Hydrophobic Complexes at Near-Physiological Conditions. Molecules 2023; 28:6762. [PMID: 37836605 PMCID: PMC10574133 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The anthropogenic release of Hg is associated with an increased human exposure risk. Since Hg2+ and MeHg+ have a high affinity for thiols, their interaction with L-glutathione (GSH) within mammalian cells is fundamentally involved in their toxicological chemistry and excretion. To gain insight into the interaction of these mercurials with multiple small molecular weight thiols, we have investigated their competitive interactions with GSH and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) at near-physiological conditions, using a liquid chromatographic approach. This approach involved the injection of each mercurial onto a reversed-phase (RP)-HPLC column (37 °C) using a PBS buffer mobile phase containing 5.0 mM GSH to simulate cytosolic conditions with Hg being detected in the column effluent by an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES). When the 5.0 mM GSH mobile phase was amended with up to 10 mM NAC, gradually increasing retention times of both mercurials were observed. To explain this behavior, the experiment with 5.0 mM NAC and 5.0 mM GSH was replicated using 50 mM Tris buffer (pH 7.4), and the Hg-containing fractions were analyzed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The results revealed the presence of Hg(GS)(NAC) and Hg(NAC)2 for Hg2+ and MeHg(GS) and MeHg(NAC) for MeHg+, which suggests that the coordination/displacement of GS-moieties from each mercurial by the more hydrophobic NAC can explain their retention behavior. Since the biotransformations of both mercurials were observed at near-physiological conditions, they are of toxicological relevance as they provide a biomolecular explanation for some results that were obtained when animals were administered with each mercurial and NAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jürgen Gailer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (M.D.); (M.E.T.)
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Mokra D, Mokry J, Barosova R, Hanusrichterova J. Advances in the Use of N-Acetylcysteine in Chronic Respiratory Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1713. [PMID: 37760016 PMCID: PMC10526097 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is widely used because of its mucolytic effects, taking part in the therapeutic protocols of cystic fibrosis. NAC is also administered as an antidote in acetaminophen (paracetamol) overdosing. Thanks to its wide antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, NAC may also be of benefit in other chronic inflammatory and fibrotizing respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchial asthma, idiopathic lung fibrosis, or lung silicosis. In addition, NAC exerts low toxicity and rare adverse effects even in combination with other treatments, and it is cheap and easily accessible. This article brings a review of information on the mechanisms of inflammation and oxidative stress in selected chronic respiratory diseases and discusses the use of NAC in these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Mokra
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, SK-03601 Martin, Slovakia; (R.B.); (J.H.)
| | - Juraj Mokry
- Department of Pharmacology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, SK-03601 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Romana Barosova
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, SK-03601 Martin, Slovakia; (R.B.); (J.H.)
| | - Juliana Hanusrichterova
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, SK-03601 Martin, Slovakia; (R.B.); (J.H.)
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Peng H, Zhou Q, Liu J, Wang Y, Mu K, Zhang L. Endoplasmic reticulum stress: a vital process and potential therapeutic target in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Inflamm Res 2023; 72:1761-1772. [PMID: 37695356 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01786-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a chronic and progressive disease characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and progressive airflow obstruction, has attracted extensive attention due to its high morbidity and mortality. Although the understanding of the pathogenesis of COPD has gradually increased because of increasing evidence, many questions regarding the mechanisms involved in COPD progression and its deleterious effects remain unanswered. Recent advances have shown the potential functions of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in causing airway inflammation, emphasizing the vital role of unfolded protein response (UPR) pathways in the development of COPD. METHODS A comprehensive search of major databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted to retrieve original research articles and reviews related to ER stress, UPR, and COPD. RESULTS The common causes of COPD, namely cigarette smoke (CS) and air pollutants, induce ER stress through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). UPR promotes mucus secretion and further plays a dual role in the cell apoptosis-autophagy axis in the development of COPD. Existing drug research has indicated the potential of UPR as a therapeutic target for COPD. CONCLUSIONS ER stress and UPR activation play significant roles in the etiology, pathogenesis, and treatment of COPD and discuss whether related genes can be used as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Peng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ketao Mu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jie Fang Avenue 1095, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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He D, Qian L, Chen X, He B, Li J. Durable cellulose paper by grafting thiol groups and controlling silver deposition for ultrahigh electromagnetic interference shielding. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 248:125972. [PMID: 37499713 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding paper with durability and high effectiveness is of significant importance to long-term service for preventing EMI pollution. Herein, we report a practical method for preparing cellulose paper/Ag composite with outstanding durable and ultrahigh EMI shielding performance by electroless silver plating. The silver deposition process, the surface morphology, the silver content and conductivity of the composite can be controlled by varying the amount of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) grafted onto the cellulose fibers and ammonia amount for silver-ammonia complex formation. Moreover, the grafted NAC with thiol groups on cellulose can enhance the adhesion between silver and cellulose paper, meanwhile, NAC as the reducing agent can result in a more complete flower-shaped silver structure and reducing the reflection of electromagnetic waves in silver layer. The composite exhibited excellent conductivity, EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) up to 106 dB and outstanding durability. After 10,000 bending times and 60 abrasion cycles respectively, the electrical resistance of the composite only increased from 0.030 Ω/sq. to 0.041 Ω/sq. and 0.050 Ω/sq., and the EMI SE decreased to 102 dB and 105 dB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duoduo He
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Liying Qian
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Xingyu Chen
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Beihai He
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Junrong Li
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Panova IG, Tatikolov AS. Endogenous and Exogenous Antioxidants as Agents Preventing the Negative Effects of Contrast Media (Contrast-Induced Nephropathy). Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1077. [PMID: 37630992 PMCID: PMC10458090 DOI: 10.3390/ph16081077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of conventional contrast media for diagnostic purposes (in particular, Gd-containing and iodinated agents) causes a large number of complications, the most common of which is contrast-induced nephropathy. It has been shown that after exposure to contrast agents, oxidative stress often occurs in patients, especially in people suffering from various diseases. Antioxidants in the human body can diminish the pathological consequences of the use of contrast media by suppressing oxidative stress. This review considers the research studies on the role of antioxidants in preventing the negative consequences of the use of contrast agents in diagnostics (mainly contrast-induced nephropathy) and the clinical trials of different antioxidant drugs against contrast-induced nephropathy. Composite antioxidant/contrast systems as theranostic agents are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina G. Panova
- International Scientific and Practical Center of Tissue Proliferation, 29/14 Prechistenka Str., 119034 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexander S. Tatikolov
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygin Str., 119334 Moscow, Russia
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Chen J, Fu J, Zhao S, Zhang X, Chao Y, Pan Q, Sun H, Zhang J, Li B, Xue T, Li J, Liu C. Free Radical and Viral Infection: A Review from the Perspective of Ferroptosis. Vet Sci 2023; 10:456. [PMID: 37505861 PMCID: PMC10384322 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10070456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Free radicals, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), play critical roles in various physiological activities such as cell differentiation, apoptosis, and vascular tension when existing in cells at low levels. However, excessive amounts of free radicals are harmful, causing DNA damage, lipid peroxidation, protein degeneration, and abnormal cell death. Certain viral infections induce cells to produce excessive free radicals, which in multiple ways help the virus to replicate, mature, and exit. Iron is a necessary element for many intracellular enzymes, involved in both cellular activities and viral replication. Ferroptosis, a programmed cell death mode distinct from apoptosis, necrosis, and pyroptosis, is characterized by lipid peroxide accumulation and damage to the antioxidant system, affecting many cellular processes. Viral infection commonly manifests as decreased glutathione (GSH) content and down-regulated glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) activity, similar to ferroptosis. Recent studies have suggested a possible relationship among free radicals, viral infections and ferroptosis. This review aims to elucidate the molecular mechanism linking free radicals and ferroptosis during viral infections and provide a new theoretical basis for studying viral pathogenesis and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jinping Fu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Sha Zhao
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xiaoxi Zhang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yuyang Chao
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Qunxing Pan
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Huawei Sun
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Jingfeng Zhang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Tao Xue
- College of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Jingui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Chuanmin Liu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- College of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Zhao Y, Wang L, Liu M, Du A, Qiu M, Shu H, Li L, Kong X, Sun W. ROS inhibition increases KDM6A-mediated NOX2 transcription and promotes macrophages oxidative stress and M1 polarization. Cell Stress Chaperones 2023; 28:375-384. [PMID: 37140849 PMCID: PMC10352226 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-023-01347-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an essential role in macrophage polarization. However, the adverse effects of ROS reduction by influencing epigenetics are often ignored. In this study, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to stimulate macrophages to increase the ROS in cells, and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) was used to reduce ROS. Inflammatory factors such as interleukin 1β (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) were used to evaluate the M1 polarization level of macrophages. Chip was used to detect the tri-methylation at lysine 27 of histone H3 (H3K27me3) level at the promoter site. It was found that the decrease of ROS in macrophages would also cause the increase of the H3K27me3 demethylase KDM6A and lead to the reduction of H3K27me3 in the NOX2 promoter, which would increase the transcription level of NOX2 and the production of ROS and ultimately promote the production of inflammatory factors. Knockout of KDM6A can reduce the transcription of NOX2 and the production of ROS of macrophages, thus preventing the M1 polarization of macrophages. The elimination of ROS in macrophages will affect macrophages by increasing KDM6A and making them produce more ROS, thus inducing oxidative stress. In comparison, direct inhibition of KDM6A can reduce ROS production and inhibit macrophage M1 polarization more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxi Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Luyang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingwei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Anning Du
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ming Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huanyu Shu
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangqing Kong
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
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Tang X, Yan Z, Miao Y, Ha W, Li Z, Yang L, Mi D. Copper in cancer: from limiting nutrient to therapeutic target. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1209156. [PMID: 37427098 PMCID: PMC10327296 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1209156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
As an essential nutrient, copper's redox properties are both beneficial and toxic to cells. Therefore, leveraging the characteristics of copper-dependent diseases or using copper toxicity to treat copper-sensitive diseases may offer new strategies for specific disease treatments. In particular, copper concentration is typically higher in cancer cells, making copper a critical limiting nutrient for cancer cell growth and proliferation. Hence, intervening in copper metabolism specific to cancer cells may become a potential tumor treatment strategy, directly impacting tumor growth and metastasis. In this review, we discuss the metabolism of copper in the body and summarize research progress on the role of copper in promoting tumor cell growth or inducing programmed cell death in tumor cells. Additionally, we elucidate the role of copper-related drugs in cancer treatment, intending to provide new perspectives for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Tang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- The Second Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Zaihua Yan
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- The Second Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Yandong Miao
- Department of Oncology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, The Second Clinical Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Wuhua Ha
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment and Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lixia Yang
- Gansu Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Denghai Mi
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Gansu Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Wróblewska J, Wróblewski M, Hołyńska-Iwan I, Modrzejewska M, Nuszkiewicz J, Wróblewska W, Woźniak A. The Role of Glutathione in Selected Viral Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1325. [PMID: 37507865 PMCID: PMC10376684 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
During inflammatory processes, immunocompetent cells are exposed to substantial amounts of free radicals and toxic compounds. Glutathione is a cysteine-containing tripeptide that is an important and ubiquitous antioxidant molecule produced in human organs. The intracellular content of GSH regulates the detoxifying capacity of cells, as well as the inflammatory and immune response. GSH is particularly important in the liver, where it serves as the major non-protein thiol involved in cellular antioxidant defense. There are numerous causes of hepatitis. The inflammation of the liver can be caused by a variety of infectious viruses. The relationship between oxidative stress and the hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is not fully known. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between hepatotropic viruses and glutathione status, including reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG), as well as antioxidant enzymes, e.g., glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Wróblewska
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Marcin Wróblewski
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Iga Hołyńska-Iwan
- Department of Pathobiochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Martyna Modrzejewska
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Jarosław Nuszkiewicz
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Weronika Wróblewska
- Students Research Club of Medical Biology, Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Alina Woźniak
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
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Caridade-Silva R, Araújo B, Martins-Macedo J, Teixeira FG. N-Acetylcysteine Treatment May Compensate Motor Impairments through Dopaminergic Transmission Modulation in a Striatal 6-Hydroxydopamine Parkinson's Disease Rat Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1257. [PMID: 37371987 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Preventing degeneration and the loss of dopaminergic neurons (DAn) in the brain while mitigating motor symptoms remains a challenge in Parkinson's Disease (PD) treatment development. In light of this, developing or repositioning potential disease-modifying approaches is imperative to achieve meaningful translational gains in PD research. Under this concept, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has revealed promising perspectives in preserving the dopaminergic system capability and modulating PD mechanisms. Although NAC has been shown to act as an antioxidant and (neuro)protector of the brain, it has yet to be acknowledged how this repurposed drug can improve motor symptomatology and provide disease-modifying properties in PD. Therefore, in the present work, we assessed the impact of NAC on motor and histological deficits in a striatal 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) rat model of PD. The results revealed that NAC enhanced DAn viability, as we found that it could restore dopamine transporter (DAT) levels compared to the untreated 6-OHDA group. Such findings were positively correlated with a significant amelioration in the motor outcomes of the 6-OHDA-treated animals, demonstrating that NAC may, somehow, be a modulator of PD degenerative mechanisms. Overall, we postulated a proof-of-concept milestone concerning the therapeutic application of NAC. Nevertheless, it is extremely important to understand the complexity of this drug and how its therapeutical properties interact with the cellular and molecular PD mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Caridade-Silva
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057/4805-017 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- I3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research, School of Health, Polytechnic University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruna Araújo
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057/4805-017 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- I3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research, School of Health, Polytechnic University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Martins-Macedo
- I3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research, School of Health, Polytechnic University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fábio G Teixeira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057/4805-017 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- I3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research, School of Health, Polytechnic University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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