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Keifi Bajestani A, Alavi MS, Etemad L, Roohbakhsh A. Role of orphan G-protein coupled receptors in tissue ischemia: A comprehensive review. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 978:176762. [PMID: 38906238 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic events lead to many diseases and deaths worldwide. Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) occurs due to reduced blood circulation in tissues followed by blood reflow. Reoxygenation of ischemic tissues is characterized by oxidative stress, inflammation, energy distress, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. There are still no adequate clinical protocols or pharmacological approaches to address the consequences of I/R damage. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are important therapeutic targets. They compose a large family of seven transmembrane-spanning proteins that are involved in many biological functions. Orphan GPCRs are a large subgroup of these receptors expressed in different organs. In the present review, we summarized the literature regarding the role of orphan GPCRs in I/R in different organs. We focused on the effect of these receptors on modulating cellular and molecular processes underlying ischemia including apoptosis, inflammation, and autophagy. The study showed that GPR3, GPR4, GPR17, GPR30, GPR31, GPR35, GPR37, GPR39, GPR55, GPR65, GPR68, GPR75, GPR81, and GPR91 are involved in ischemic events, mainly in the brain and heart. These receptors offer new possibilities for treating I/R injuries in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Keifi Bajestani
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohaddeseh Sadat Alavi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Leila Etemad
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Roohbakhsh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Ren J, Zhu Y, Nie Y, Zheng M, Hasimu A, Zhao M, Zhao Y, Ma X, Yuan Z, Li Q, Bahabayi A, Zhang Z, Zeng X, Liu C. Differential GPR56 Expression in T Cell Subpopulations for Early-Stage Lung Adenocarcinoma Patient Identification. Immunol Invest 2024; 53:843-856. [PMID: 38809082 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2024.2350549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the expression of GPR56 in the T cells of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients and clarify its diagnostic significance. METHODS Blood samples were collected from 32 patients with stage IA LUAD and 31 healthy controls. GPR56 and perforin were analysed in circulating T-cell subsets by flow cytometry. In addition, a correlation between perforin and GPR56 expression was detected. Changes in GPR56+ cells in early LUAD patients were analysed, and the diagnostic significance of GPR56+ T cells for early LUAD was studied by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS The expression of GPR56 in CD8+ T cells from early-stage LUAD patients was significantly greater than that in CD4+ T cells. The percentage of perforin-positive GPR56+ cells in early-stage LUAD patients was high. GPR56 levels in the T cells of LUAD patients were significantly lower than those in healthy controls. ROC analysis revealed that the area under the curve for the percentage of GPR56-positive CD8+ TEMRA cells to distinguish early-stage LUAD patients from healthy individuals- reached 0.7978. CONCLUSION The decreased expression of GPR56 in the peripheral blood of early-stage LUAD patients correlated with perforin levels, reflecting compromised antitumor immunity and aiding early-stage LUAD screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Ren
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yaoyi Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuying Nie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mohan Zheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ainizati Hasimu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiancan Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zihang Yuan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ayibaota Bahabayi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhonghui Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xingyue Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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Liu A, Liu Y, Zhang W, Ye RD. Structural insights into ligand recognition and activation of the succinate receptor SUCNR1. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114381. [PMID: 38923454 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Succinate, a citric acid cycle intermediate, serves important functions in energy homeostasis and metabolic regulation. Extracellular succinate acts as a stress signal through succinate receptor (SUCNR1), a class A G protein-coupled receptor. Research on succinate signaling is hampered by the lack of high-resolution structures of the agonist-bound receptor. We present cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of SUCNR1-Gi complexes bound to succinate and its non-metabolite derivative cis-epoxysuccinate. Key determinants for the recognition of succinate in cis conformation include R2817.39 and Y832.64, while Y301.39 and R993.29 participate in the binding of both succinate and cis-epoxysuccinate. Extracellular loop 2, through F175ECL2 in its β-hairpin, forms a hydrogen bond with succinate and caps the binding pocket. At the receptor-Gi interface, agonist binding induces the rearrangement of a hydrophobic network on transmembrane (TM)5 and TM6, leading to TM signaling through TM3 and TM7. These findings extend our understanding of succinate recognition by SUCNR1, aiding the development of therapeutics for the succinate receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijun Liu
- Dongguan Songshan Lake Central Hospital, Dongguan Third People's Hospital, The Affiliated Dongguan Songshan Lake Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523326, China; Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen Futian Biomedical Innovation R&D Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China.
| | - Yezhou Liu
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen Futian Biomedical Innovation R&D Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Weijia Zhang
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China
| | - Richard D Ye
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen Futian Biomedical Innovation R&D Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China.
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Abalenikhina YV, Isayeva MO, Mylnikov PY, Shchulkin AV, Yakusheva EN. Mechanism of Stimulation of Myogenesis under the Action of Succinic Acid through the Succinate Receptor SUCNR1. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2024; 89:1325-1335. [PMID: 39218028 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297924070137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Effect of succinic acid on the processes of myogenesis was investigated in the study with the cells of C2C12 line. In the concentration range 10-1000 µM, succinic acid stimulated the process of myogenic differentiation, increasing the levels of myogenesis factors MyoD (at all stages of myogenesis) and myogenin (at the stage of terminal differentiation). Presence of the succinate receptors SUCNR1 was revealed in the C2C12 cells using Western blotting, level of which decreased during myogenesis. When succinic acid was added to the cells, the level of intracellular succinate did not change significantly and decreased during myogenic differentiation. Using a specific Gai protein inhibitor, pertussis toxin, it was found that stimulation of myogenesis in the C2C12 cells under the action of succinic acid is realized through SUCNR1-Gai interaction.
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Jin C, Chen H, Xie L, Zhou Y, Liu LL, Wu J. GPCRs involved in metabolic diseases: pharmacotherapeutic development updates. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:1321-1336. [PMID: 38326623 PMCID: PMC11192902 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01215-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are expressed in a variety of cell types and tissues, and activation of GPCRs is involved in enormous metabolic pathways, including nutrient synthesis, transportation, storage or insulin sensitivity, etc. This review intends to summarize the regulation of metabolic homeostasis and mechanisms by a series of GPCRs, such as GPR91, GPR55, GPR119, GPR109a, GPR142, GPR40, GPR41, GPR43 and GPR120. With deep understanding of GPCR's structure and signaling pathways, it is attempting to uncover the role of GPCRs in major metabolic diseases, including metabolic syndrome, diabetes, dyslipidemia and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, for which the global prevalence has risen during last two decades. An extensive list of agonists and antagonists with their chemical structures in a nature of small molecular compounds for above-mentioned GPCRs is provided as pharmacologic candidates, and their preliminary data of preclinical studies are discussed. Moreover, their beneficial effects in correcting abnormalities of metabolic syndrome, diabetes and dyslipidemia are summarized when clinical trials have been undertaken. Thus, accumulating data suggest that these agonists or antagonists might become as new pharmacotherapeutic candidates for the treatment of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Jin
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200032, China
- College of Clinical Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Li Xie
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Li-Li Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Huang H, Li G, He Y, Chen J, Yan J, Zhang Q, Li L, Cai X. Cellular succinate metabolism and signaling in inflammation: implications for therapeutic intervention. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1404441. [PMID: 38933270 PMCID: PMC11200920 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1404441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Succinate, traditionally viewed as a mere intermediate of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, has emerged as a critical mediator in inflammation. Disruptions within the TCA cycle lead to an accumulation of succinate in the mitochondrial matrix. This excess succinate subsequently diffuses into the cytosol and is released into the extracellular space. Elevated cytosolic succinate levels stabilize hypoxia-inducible factor-1α by inhibiting prolyl hydroxylases, which enhances inflammatory responses. Notably, succinate also acts extracellularly as a signaling molecule by engaging succinate receptor 1 on immune cells, thus modulating their pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory activities. Alterations in succinate levels have been associated with various inflammatory disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, and atherosclerosis. These associations are primarily due to exaggerated immune cell responses. Given its central role in inflammation, targeting succinate pathways offers promising therapeutic avenues for these diseases. This paper provides an extensive review of succinate's involvement in inflammatory processes and highlights potential targets for future research and therapeutic possibilities development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Huang
- Department of Rheumatology of First Hospital and Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Gejing Li
- Department of Rheumatology of First Hospital and Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yini He
- Department of Rheumatology of First Hospital and Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Rheumatology of First Hospital and Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jianye Yan
- Department of Rheumatology of First Hospital and Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology of First Hospital and Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liqing Li
- Department of Rheumatology of First Hospital and Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The Central Research Laboratory, Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Xiong Cai
- Department of Rheumatology of First Hospital and Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
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7
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Sabadell-Basallote J, Astiarraga B, Castaño C, Ejarque M, Repollés-de-Dalmau M, Quesada I, Blanco J, Nuñez-Roa C, Rodríguez-Peña MM, Martínez L, De Jesus DF, Marroqui L, Bosch R, Montanya E, Sureda FX, Tura A, Mari A, Kulkarni RN, Vendrell J, Fernández-Veledo S. SUCNR1 regulates insulin secretion and glucose elevates the succinate response in people with prediabetes. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e173214. [PMID: 38713514 PMCID: PMC11178533 DOI: 10.1172/jci173214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell dysfunction is a key feature of type 2 diabetes, and novel regulators of insulin secretion are desirable. Here we report that the succinate receptor (SUCNR1) is expressed in β-cells and is up-regulated in hyperglycemic states in mice and humans. We found that succinate acts as a hormone-like metabolite and stimulates insulin secretion via a SUCNR1-Gq-PKC-dependent mechanism in human β-cells. Mice with β-cell-specific Sucnr1 deficiency exhibit impaired glucose tolerance and insulin secretion on a high-fat diet, indicating that SUCNR1 is essential for preserving insulin secretion in diet-induced insulin resistance. Patients with impaired glucose tolerance show an enhanced nutritional-related succinate response, which correlates with the potentiation of insulin secretion during intravenous glucose administration. These data demonstrate that the succinate/SUCNR1 axis is activated by high glucose and identify a GPCR-mediated amplifying pathway for insulin secretion relevant to the hyperinsulinemia of prediabetic states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Sabadell-Basallote
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Insitut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Brenno Astiarraga
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Insitut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Carlos Castaño
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Miriam Ejarque
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Insitut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Maria Repollés-de-Dalmau
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Insitut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ivan Quesada
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, ELCHE, Spain
| | - Jordi Blanco
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Catalina Nuñez-Roa
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - M-Mar Rodríguez-Peña
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Laia Martínez
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Dario F De Jesus
- Section of Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, United States of America
| | - Laura Marroqui
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, ELCHE, Spain
| | - Ramon Bosch
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Insitut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Eduard Montanya
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, ELCHE, Spain
| | - Francesc X Sureda
- Section of Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, United States of America
| | - Andrea Tura
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Mari
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, Padova, Italy
| | - Rohit N Kulkarni
- Section of Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, United States of America
| | - Joan Vendrell
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Sonia Fernández-Veledo
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
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Deehan EC, Mocanu V, Madsen KL. Effects of dietary fibre on metabolic health and obesity. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 21:301-318. [PMID: 38326443 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-023-00891-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Obesity and metabolic syndrome represent a growing epidemic worldwide. Body weight is regulated through complex interactions between hormonal, neural and metabolic pathways and is influenced by numerous environmental factors. Imbalances between energy intake and expenditure can occur due to several factors, including alterations in eating behaviours, abnormal satiation and satiety, and low energy expenditure. The gut microbiota profoundly affects all aspects of energy homeostasis through diverse mechanisms involving effects on mucosal and systemic immune, hormonal and neural systems. The benefits of dietary fibre on metabolism and obesity have been demonstrated through mechanistic studies and clinical trials, but many questions remain as to how different fibres are best utilized in managing obesity. In this Review, we discuss the physiochemical properties of different fibres, current findings on how fibre and the gut microbiota interact to regulate body weight homeostasis, and knowledge gaps related to using dietary fibres as a complementary strategy. Precision medicine approaches that utilize baseline microbiota and clinical characteristics to predict individual responses to fibre supplementation represent a new paradigm with great potential to enhance weight management efficacy, but many challenges remain before these approaches can be fully implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward C Deehan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Nebraska Food for Health Center, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Valentin Mocanu
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Karen L Madsen
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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Caffrey EB, Sonnenburg JL, Devkota S. Our extended microbiome: The human-relevant metabolites and biology of fermented foods. Cell Metab 2024; 36:684-701. [PMID: 38569469 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
One of the key modes of microbial metabolism occurring in the gut microbiome is fermentation. This energy-yielding process transforms common macromolecules like polysaccharides and amino acids into a wide variety of chemicals, many of which are relevant to microbe-microbe and microbe-host interactions. Analogous transformations occur during the production of fermented foods, resulting in an abundance of bioactive metabolites. In foods, the products of fermentation can influence food safety and preservation, nutrient availability, and palatability and, once consumed, may impact immune and metabolic status, disease expression, and severity. Human signaling pathways perceive and respond to many of the currently known fermented food metabolites, though expansive chemical novelty remains to be defined. Here we discuss several aspects of fermented food-associated microbes and metabolites, including a condensed history, current understanding of their interactions with hosts and host-resident microbes, connections with commercial probiotics, and opportunities for future research on human health and disease and food sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa B Caffrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Justin L Sonnenburg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA; Center for Human Microbiome Studies, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Suzanne Devkota
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Human Microbiome Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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10
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Mucke HA. Patent highlights August-September 2023. Pharm Pat Anal 2024. [PMID: 38497751 DOI: 10.4155/ppa-2023-0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
A snapshot of noteworthy recent developments in the patent literature of relevance to pharmaceutical and medical research and development.
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11
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Cirillo A, Vandermeulen M, Erpicum P, Pinto Coelho T, Meurisse N, Detry O, Jouret F, de Tullio P. Untargeted NMR-based metabolomics analysis of kidney allograft perfusates identifies a signature of delayed graft function. Metabolomics 2024; 20:39. [PMID: 38460018 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-024-02106-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Kidney transplantation (KTx) necessarily conveys an ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) process, which impacts on allograft outcomes. Delayed graft function (DGF) is defined as a non-decrease of serum creatinine by at least 10% daily on 3 consecutive days during the first 7 days post-KTx. DGF significantly conditions both short- and long-term graft outcomes. Still there is a lack of DGF predictive biomarkers. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore the potential of kidney graft perfusate metabolomics to predict DGF occurrence. METHODS 49 human perfusates from grafts categorized upon donor type [donation after brain death (DBD)/donation after circulatory death (DCD)] and DGF occurrence and 19 perfusates from a murine model classified upon death type (DBD/DCD) were collected and analyzed by NMR-based metabolomics. RESULTS The multivariate analysis of the murine data highlighted significant differences between perfusate metabolomes of DBD versus DCD. These differences were similarly observed in the human perfusates. After correcting for the type of donor, multivariate analysis of human data demonstrated a metabolomics signature that could be correlated with DGF occurrence. CONCLUSIONS The metabolome of kidney grafts is influenced by the donor's type in both human and pre-clinical studies and could be correlated with DGF in the human DBD cohort. Thus, metabolomic analysis of perfusate applied prior to KTx may represent a new predictive tool for clinicians in a more personalized management of DGF. Moreover, our data paves the way to better understand the impact of donor's types on the biochemical events occurring between death and the hypothermic storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cirillo
- Clinical Metabolomics Group, Center for Interdisciplinary Research On Medicines (CIRM), University of Liege, Liege, Belgium.
| | - M Vandermeulen
- Department of Abdominal Surgery and Transplantation, CHU de Liege, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA), Metabolism and Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - P Erpicum
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA), Metabolism and Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
- Division of Nephrology, CHU de Liège, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - T Pinto Coelho
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA), Metabolism and Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - N Meurisse
- Department of Abdominal Surgery and Transplantation, CHU de Liege, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - O Detry
- Department of Abdominal Surgery and Transplantation, CHU de Liege, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA), Metabolism and Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - F Jouret
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA), Metabolism and Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
- Division of Nephrology, CHU de Liège, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - P de Tullio
- Clinical Metabolomics Group, Center for Interdisciplinary Research On Medicines (CIRM), University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
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Reddy A, Winther S, Tran N, Xiao H, Jakob J, Garrity R, Smith A, Ordonez M, Laznik-Bogoslavski D, Rothstein JD, Mills EL, Chouchani ET. Monocarboxylate transporters facilitate succinate uptake into brown adipocytes. Nat Metab 2024; 6:567-577. [PMID: 38378996 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-00981-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Uptake of circulating succinate by brown adipose tissue (BAT) and beige fat elevates whole-body energy expenditure, counteracts obesity and antagonizes systemic tissue inflammation in mice. The plasma membrane transporters that facilitate succinate uptake in these adipocytes remain undefined. Here we elucidate a mechanism underlying succinate import into BAT via monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs). We show that succinate transport is strongly dependent on the proportion that is present in the monocarboxylate form. MCTs facilitate monocarboxylate succinate uptake, which is promoted by alkalinization of the cytosol driven by adrenoreceptor stimulation. In brown adipocytes, we show that MCT1 primarily facilitates succinate import. In male mice, we show that both acute pharmacological inhibition of MCT1 and congenital depletion of MCT1 decrease succinate uptake into BAT and consequent catabolism. In sum, we define a mechanism of succinate uptake in BAT that underlies its protective activity in mouse models of metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Reddy
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sally Winther
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nhien Tran
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Haopeng Xiao
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Josefine Jakob
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ryan Garrity
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Arianne Smith
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martha Ordonez
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey D Rothstein
- Brain Science Institute, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Evanna L Mills
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward T Chouchani
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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13
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Chen H, Jin C, Xie L, Wu J. Succinate as a signaling molecule in the mediation of liver diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166935. [PMID: 37976628 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Succinate, one of the intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, plays an essential role in the metabolism of mitochondria and the production of energy, and is considered as a signaling molecule in metabolism as well as in initiation and progression of hepatic diseases. Of note, succinate activates a downstream signaling pathway through GPR91, and elicits a variety of intracellular responses, such as succinylation, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), and significant impact in cellular metabolism because of the pivotal role in the TCA cycle. Therefore, it is intriguing to deeply elucidate signaling mechanisms of succinate in hepatic fibrosis, metabolic reprogramming in inflammatory or immune responses, as well as carcinogenesis. This manuscript intends to review current understanding of succinate in mediating metabolism, inflammatory and immunologic reactions in liver diseases in order to establish molecular basis for the development of therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Cheng Jin
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China; College of Clinical College, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Li Xie
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China.
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14
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Li H, Tan H, Liu Z, Pan S, Tan S, Zhu Y, Wang Q, Su G, Zhou C, Cao Q, Yang P. Succinic acid exacerbates experimental autoimmune uveitis by stimulating neutrophil extracellular traps formation via SUCNR1 receptor. Br J Ophthalmol 2023; 107:1744-1749. [PMID: 35346946 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-320880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the effect of succinic acid on the development of experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) and the underlying mechanism. METHODS Succinic acid was administrated intraperitoneally to evaluate its effects on immune response and EAU in mice. Intraocular inflammation was evaluated by histopathological scoring. Frequencies of Th1/Th17 cells were measured by flow cytometry. Concentrations of IFN-γ/IL-17A, neutrophil elastase (NE) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent test. Infiltration of neutrophils and generation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) within the eye were assessed by immumofluorescence. NETs formation in extracellular matrix was visualised by laser scanning confocal microscopy. Succinate receptor (SUCNR1) antagonist was used to investigate its effect on the generation of NETs. RESULTS Intraperitoneal injection of succinic acid exacerbated EAU severity as evidenced by severe histological changes in association with elevated frequencies of splenic Th1/Th17 cells, and upregulated levels of IFN-γ/IL-17A and NETs in plasma. In vitro experiments showed that succinic acid could promote the generation of NETs by neutrophils as shown by increased expression of NE and MPO.NETs could increase the frequencies of Th1/Th17 cells in CD4+ T cells and their expression of IFN-γ/IL-17A. In the experiment of receptor antagonism, the upregulatory effect of succinic acid on NETs could be significantly blocked by SUCNR1 antagonist. CONCLUSIONS Succinic acid could worsen EAU induced by IRBP in mice. This effect was possibly mediated by its upregulation on NETs generation and frequencies of Th1/Th17 cells in affiliation with increased production of IFN-γ/IL-17A through succinic acid-SUCNR1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxi Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Handan Tan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhangluxi Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Su Pan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiyao Tan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunyun Zhu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingfeng Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guannan Su
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunjiang Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingfeng Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peizeng Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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15
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Tang Y, Wang YD, Wang YY, Liao ZZ, Xiao XH. Skeletal muscles and gut microbiota-derived metabolites: novel modulators of adipocyte thermogenesis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1265175. [PMID: 37867516 PMCID: PMC10588486 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1265175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity occurs when overall energy intake surpasses energy expenditure. White adipose tissue is an energy storage site, whereas brown and beige adipose tissues catabolize stored energy to generate heat, which protects against obesity and obesity-associated metabolic disorders. Metabolites are substrates in metabolic reactions that act as signaling molecules, mediating communication between metabolic sites (i.e., adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and gut microbiota). Although the effects of metabolites from peripheral organs on adipose tissue have been extensively studied, their role in regulating adipocyte thermogenesis requires further investigation. Skeletal muscles and intestinal microorganisms are important metabolic sites in the body, and their metabolites play an important role in obesity. In this review, we consolidated the latest research on skeletal muscles and gut microbiota-derived metabolites that potentially promote adipocyte thermogenesis. Skeletal muscles can release lactate, kynurenic acid, inosine, and β-aminoisobutyric acid, whereas the gut secretes bile acids, butyrate, succinate, cinnabarinic acid, urolithin A, and asparagine. These metabolites function as signaling molecules by interacting with membrane receptors or controlling intracellular enzyme activity. The mechanisms underlying the reciprocal exchange of metabolites between the adipose tissue and other metabolic organs will be a focal point in future studies on obesity. Furthermore, understanding how metabolites regulate adipocyte thermogenesis will provide a basis for establishing new therapeutic targets for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Ya-Di Wang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Zhe-Zhen Liao
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xin-Hua Xiao
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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16
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Zhang W, Lang R. Succinate metabolism: a promising therapeutic target for inflammation, ischemia/reperfusion injury and cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1266973. [PMID: 37808079 PMCID: PMC10556696 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1266973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Succinate serves as an essential circulating metabolite within the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and functions as a substrate for succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), thereby contributing to energy production in fundamental mitochondrial metabolic pathways. Aberrant changes in succinate concentrations have been associated with pathological states, including chronic inflammation, ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury, and cancer, resulting from the exaggerated response of specific immune cells, thereby rendering it a central area of investigation. Recent studies have elucidated the pivotal involvement of succinate and SDH in immunity beyond metabolic processes, particularly in the context of cancer. Current scientific endeavors are concentrated on comprehending the functional repercussions of metabolic modifications, specifically pertaining to succinate and SDH, in immune cells operating within a hypoxic milieu. The efficacy of targeting succinate and SDH alterations to manipulate immune cell functions in hypoxia-related diseases have been demonstrated. Consequently, a comprehensive understanding of succinate's role in metabolism and the regulation of SDH is crucial for effectively targeting succinate and SDH as therapeutic interventions to influence the progression of specific diseases. This review provides a succinct overview of the latest advancements in comprehending the emerging functions of succinate and SDH in metabolic processes. Furthermore, it explores the involvement of succinate, an intermediary of the TCA cycle, in chronic inflammation, IR injury, and cancer, with particular emphasis on the mechanisms underlying succinate accumulation. This review critically assesses the potential of modulating succinate accumulation and metabolism within the hypoxic milieu as a means to combat various diseases. It explores potential targets for therapeutic interventions by focusing on succinate metabolism and the regulation of SDH in hypoxia-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ren Lang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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17
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Sell EA, Tan LH, Lin C, Bosso JV, Palmer JN, Adappa ND, Lee RJ, Kohanski MA, Reed DR, Cohen NA. Microbial metabolite succinate activates solitary chemosensory cells in the human sinonasal epithelium. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2023; 13:1525-1534. [PMID: 36565436 DOI: 10.1002/alr.23104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Succinate, although most famous for its role in the Krebs cycle, can be released extracellularly as a signal of cellular distress, particularly in situations of metabolic stress and inflammation. Solitary chemosensory cells (SCCs) express SUCNR1, the succinate receptor, and modulate type 2 inflammatory responses in helminth and protozoal infections in the small intestine. SCCs are the dominant epithelial source of interleukin-25, as well as an important source of cysteinyl leukotrienes in the airway, and have been implicated as upstream agents in type 2 inflammation in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and asthma. METHODS In this study, we used scRNAseq analysis, live cell imaging of intracellular calcium from primary sinonasal air-liquid interface (ALI) cultures from 1 donor, and measure antimicrobial peptide release from 5 donors to demonstrate preliminary evidence suggesting that succinate can act as a stimulant of SCCs in the human sinonasal epithelium. RESULTS Results from scRNAseq analysis show that approximately 10% of the SCC/ionocyte cluster of cells expressed SUCNR1 as well as a small population of immune cells. Using live cell imaging of intracellular calcium, we also demonstrate that clusters of cells on primary sinonasal ALI cultures initiated calcium-mediated signaling in response to succinate stimulation. Furthermore, we present evidence that primary sinonasal ALI cultures treated with succinate had increased levels of apical beta-defensin 2, an antimicrobial peptide, compared to treatment with a control solution. CONCLUSION Overall, these findings demonstrate the need for further investigation into the activation of the sinonasal epithelium by succinate in the pathogenesis of CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Sell
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Li Hui Tan
- Division of Rhinology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Cailu Lin
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - John V Bosso
- Division of Rhinology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - James N Palmer
- Division of Rhinology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Nithin D Adappa
- Division of Rhinology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Robert J Lee
- Division of Rhinology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Michael A Kohanski
- Division of Rhinology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Noam A Cohen
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Division of Rhinology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Administration Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA
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18
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Goetzman E, Gong Z, Zhang B, Muzumdar R. Complex II Biology in Aging, Health, and Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1477. [PMID: 37508015 PMCID: PMC10376733 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with a decline in mitochondrial function which may contribute to age-related diseases such as neurodegeneration, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. Recently, mitochondrial Complex II has emerged as an important player in the aging process. Mitochondrial Complex II converts succinate to fumarate and plays an essential role in both the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and the electron transport chain (ETC). The dysfunction of Complex II not only limits mitochondrial energy production; it may also promote oxidative stress, contributing, over time, to cellular damage, aging, and disease. Intriguingly, succinate, the substrate for Complex II which accumulates during mitochondrial dysfunction, has been shown to have widespread effects as a signaling molecule. Here, we review recent advances related to understanding the function of Complex II, succinate signaling, and their combined roles in aging and aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Goetzman
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Zhenwei Gong
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Bob Zhang
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Radhika Muzumdar
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
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19
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Wu KK. Extracellular Succinate: A Physiological Messenger and a Pathological Trigger. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11165. [PMID: 37446354 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
When tissues are under physiological stresses, such as vigorous exercise and cold exposure, skeletal muscle cells secrete succinate into the extracellular space for adaptation and survival. By contrast, environmental toxins and injurious agents induce cellular secretion of succinate to damage tissues, trigger inflammation, and induce tissue fibrosis. Extracellular succinate induces cellular changes and tissue adaptation or damage by ligating cell surface succinate receptor-1 (SUCNR-1) and activating downstream signaling pathways and transcriptional programs. Since SUCNR-1 mediates not only pathological processes but also physiological functions, targeting it for drug development is hampered by incomplete knowledge about the characteristics of its physiological vs. pathological actions. This review summarizes the current status of extracellular succinate in health and disease and discusses the underlying mechanisms and therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth K Wu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
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20
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Cobb J, Soliman SSM, Retuerto M, Quijano JC, Orr C, Ghannoum M, Kandeel F, Husseiny MI. Changes in the gut microbiota of NOD mice in response to an oral Salmonella-based vaccine against type 1 diabetes. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285905. [PMID: 37224176 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We developed an oral Salmonella-based vaccine that prevents and reverses diabetes in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. Related to this, the gastrointestinal tract harbors a complex dynamic population of microorganisms, the gut microbiome, that influences host homeostasis and metabolism. Changes in the gut microbiome are associated with insulin dysfunction and type 1 diabetes (T1D). Oral administration of diabetic autoantigens as a vaccine can restore immune balance. However, it was not known if a Salmonella-based vaccine would impact the gut microbiome. We administered a Salmonella-based vaccine to prediabetic NOD mice. Changes in the gut microbiota and associated metabolome were assessed using next-generation sequencing and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The Salmonella-based vaccine did not cause significant changes in the gut microbiota composition immediately after vaccination although at 30 days post-vaccination changes were seen. Additionally, no changes were noted in the fecal mycobiome between vaccine- and control/vehicle-treated mice. Significant changes in metabolic pathways related to inflammation and proliferation were found after vaccine administration. The results from this study suggest that an oral Salmonella-based vaccine alters the gut microbiome and metabolome towards a more tolerant composition. These results support the use of orally administered Salmonella-based vaccines that induced tolerance after administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Cobb
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Sameh S M Soliman
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mauricio Retuerto
- Center for Medical Mycology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Janine C Quijano
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Chris Orr
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Mahmoud Ghannoum
- Center for Medical Mycology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Fouad Kandeel
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Mohamed I Husseiny
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, United States of America
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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21
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Turano M, Vicidomini R, Cammarota F, D'Agostino V, Duraturo F, Izzo P, Rosa MD. The Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Colorectal Cancer Progression: The Emerging Role of Succinate Dehydrogenase Alterations and Succinate Accumulation. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051428. [PMID: 37239099 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) stands as the third most significant contributor to cancer-related mortality worldwide. A major underlying reason is that the detection of CRC usually occurs at an advanced metastatic stage, rendering therapies ineffective. In the progression from the in situ neoplasia stage to the advanced metastatic stage, a critical molecular mechanism involved is the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). This intricate transformation consists of a series of molecular changes, ultimately leading the epithelial cell to relinquish its features and acquire mesenchymal and stem-like cell characteristics. The EMT regulation involves several factors, such as transcription factors, cytokines, micro RNAs and long noncoding RNAs. Nevertheless, recent studies have illuminated an emerging link between metabolic alterations and EMT in various types of cancers, including colorectal cancers. In this review, we delved into the pivotal role played by EMT during CRC progression, with a focus on highlighting the relationship between the alterations of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, specifically those involving the succinate dehydrogenase enzyme, and the activation of the EMT program. In fact, emerging evidence supports the idea that elucidating the metabolic modifications that can either induce or inhibit tumor progression could be of immense significance for shaping new therapeutic approaches and preventative measures. We conclude that an extensive effort must be directed towards research for the standardization of drugs that specifically target proteins such as SDH and SUCNR1, but also TRAP1, PDH, ERK1/2, STAT3 and the HIF1-α catabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimmo Turano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Vicidomini
- Section on Cellular Communication, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Francesca Cammarota
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria D'Agostino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Duraturo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Izzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Marina De Rosa
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, 80131 Naples, Italy
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22
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Jiang SS, Xie YL, Xiao XY, Kang ZR, Lin XL, Zhang L, Li CS, Qian Y, Xu PP, Leng XX, Wang LW, Tu SP, Zhong M, Zhao G, Chen JX, Wang Z, Liu Q, Hong J, Chen HY, Chen YX, Fang JY. Fusobacterium nucleatum-derived succinic acid induces tumor resistance to immunotherapy in colorectal cancer. Cell Host Microbe 2023; 31:781-797.e9. [PMID: 37130518 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade therapy with anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) is a treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, some patients remain unresponsive to PD-1 blockade. The gut microbiota has been linked to immunotherapy resistance through unclear mechanisms. We found that patients with metastatic CRC who fail to respond to immunotherapy had a greater abundance of Fusobacterium nucleatum and increased succinic acid. Fecal microbiota transfer from responders with low F. nucleatum, but not F. nucleatum-high non-responders, conferred sensitivity to anti-PD-1 mAb in mice. Mechanistically, F. nucleatum-derived succinic acid suppressed the cGAS-interferon-β pathway, consequently dampening the antitumor response by limiting CD8+ T cell trafficking to the tumor microenvironment (TME) in vivo. Treatment with the antibiotic metronidazole reduced intestinal F. nucleatum abundance, thereby decreasing serum succinic acid levels and resensitizing tumors to immunotherapy in vivo. These findings indicate that F. nucleatum and succinic acid induce tumor resistance to immunotherapy, offering insights into microbiota-metabolite-immune crosstalk in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Jiang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Yi-Le Xie
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Xiu-Ying Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Zi-Ran Kang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Lin
- Department of Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Chu-Shu Li
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Yun Qian
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Ping-Ping Xu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Xiao-Xu Leng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Li-Wei Wang
- Department of Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Shui-Ping Tu
- Department of Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Ming Zhong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jin-Xian Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jie Hong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Hao-Yan Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Ying-Xuan Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China.
| | - Jing-Yuan Fang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China.
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Villanueva-Carmona T, Cedó L, Madeira A, Ceperuelo-Mallafré V, Rodríguez-Peña MM, Núñez-Roa C, Maymó-Masip E, Repollés-de-Dalmau M, Badia J, Keiran N, Mirasierra M, Pimenta-Lopes C, Sabadell-Basallote J, Bosch R, Caubet L, Escolà-Gil JC, Fernández-Real JM, Vilarrasa N, Ventura F, Vallejo M, Vendrell J, Fernández-Veledo S. SUCNR1 signaling in adipocytes controls energy metabolism by modulating circadian clock and leptin expression. Cell Metab 2023; 35:601-619.e10. [PMID: 36977414 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue modulates energy homeostasis by secreting leptin, but little is known about the factors governing leptin production. We show that succinate, long perceived as a mediator of immune response and lipolysis, controls leptin expression via its receptor SUCNR1. Adipocyte-specific deletion of Sucnr1 influences metabolic health according to nutritional status. Adipocyte Sucnr1 deficiency impairs leptin response to feeding, whereas oral succinate mimics nutrient-related leptin dynamics via SUCNR1. SUCNR1 activation controls leptin expression via the circadian clock in an AMPK/JNK-C/EBPα-dependent manner. Although the anti-lipolytic role of SUCNR1 prevails in obesity, its function as a regulator of leptin signaling contributes to the metabolically favorable phenotype in adipocyte-specific Sucnr1 knockout mice under standard dietary conditions. Obesity-associated hyperleptinemia in humans is linked to SUCNR1 overexpression in adipocytes, which emerges as the major predictor of adipose tissue leptin expression. Our study establishes the succinate/SUCNR1 axis as a metabolite-sensing pathway mediating nutrient-related leptin dynamics to control whole-body homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Villanueva-Carmona
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Research Unit, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona 43005, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Lídia Cedó
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Research Unit, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona 43005, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Ana Madeira
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Research Unit, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona 43005, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Victòria Ceperuelo-Mallafré
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Research Unit, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona 43005, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain; Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Reus 43201, Spain
| | - M-Mar Rodríguez-Peña
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Research Unit, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona 43005, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Catalina Núñez-Roa
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Research Unit, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona 43005, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Elsa Maymó-Masip
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Research Unit, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona 43005, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Maria Repollés-de-Dalmau
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Research Unit, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona 43005, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain; Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Reus 43201, Spain
| | - Joan Badia
- Institut d'Oncologia de la Catalunya Sud, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, IISPV, Reus 43204, Spain
| | - Noelia Keiran
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Research Unit, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona 43005, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Mercedes Mirasierra
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC/UAM), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Carolina Pimenta-Lopes
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08907, Spain
| | - Joan Sabadell-Basallote
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Research Unit, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona 43005, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Ramón Bosch
- Department of Pathology, Oncological Pathology and Bioinformatics Research Group, Hospital de Tortosa Verge de la Cinta, IISPV, Tortosa 43500, Spain
| | - Laura Caubet
- General and Digestive Surgery Service, Hospital Sant Pau i Santa Tecla, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona 43003, Spain
| | - Joan Carles Escolà-Gil
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona 08041, Spain; Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - José-Manuel Fernández-Real
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), Salt 17190, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CB06/03/010), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain; Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Girona, Girona 17004, Spain
| | - Nuria Vilarrasa
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain; Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge - IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08907, Spain
| | - Francesc Ventura
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08907, Spain
| | - Mario Vallejo
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC/UAM), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Joan Vendrell
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Research Unit, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona 43005, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain; Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Reus 43201, Spain
| | - Sonia Fernández-Veledo
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Research Unit, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona 43005, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain.
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24
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Reddy A, Winther S, Tran N, Xiao H, Jakob J, Garrity R, Smith A, Mills EL, Chouchani ET. Monocarboxylate transporters facilitate succinate uptake into brown adipocytes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.01.530625. [PMID: 36909624 PMCID: PMC10002717 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.01.530625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Uptake of circulating succinate by brown adipose tissue (BAT) and beige fat elevates whole body energy expenditure, counteracts obesity, and antagonizes systemic tissue inflammation in mice. The plasma membrane transporters that facilitate succinate uptake in these adipocytes remain undefined. Here we elucidate a mechanism underlying succinate import into BAT via monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs). We show that succinate transport is strongly dependent on the proportion of it present in the monocarboxylate form. MCTs facilitate monocarboxylate succinate uptake, which is promoted by alkalinization of the cytosol driven by adrenoreceptor stimulation. In brown adipocytes, we show that MCT1 primarily facilitates succinate import, however other members of the MCT family can partially compensate and fulfill this role in the absence of MCT1. In mice, we show that acute pharmacological inhibition of MCT1 and 2 decreases succinate uptake into BAT. Conversely, congenital genetic depletion of MCT1 alone has little effect on BAT succinate uptake, indicative of additional transport mechanisms with high capacity in vivo . In sum, we define a mechanism of succinate uptake in BAT that underlies its protective activity in mouse models of metabolic disease.
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Wang YH, Yan ZZ, Luo SD, Hu JJ, Wu M, Zhao J, Liu WF, Li C, Liu KX. Gut microbiota-derived succinate aggravates acute lung injury after intestinal ischaemia/reperfusion in mice. Eur Respir J 2023; 61:13993003.00840-2022. [PMID: 36229053 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00840-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute lung injury (ALI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality after intestinal ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R). The gut microbiota and its metabolic byproducts act as important modulators of the gut-lung axis. This study aimed to define the role of succinate, a key microbiota metabolite, in intestinal I/R-induced ALI progression. METHODS Gut and lung microbiota of mice subjected to intestinal I/R were analysed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Succinate level alterations were measured in germ-free mice or conventional mice treated with antibiotics. Succinate-induced alveolar macrophage polarisation and its effects on alveolar epithelial apoptosis were evaluated in succinate receptor 1 (Sucnr1)-deficient mice and in murine alveolar macrophages transfected with Sucnr1-short interfering RNA. Succinate levels were measured in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass, including intestinal I/R. RESULTS Succinate accumulated in lungs after intestinal I/R, and this was associated with an imbalance of succinate-producing and succinate-consuming bacteria in the gut, but not the lungs. Succinate accumulation was absent in germ-free mice and was reversed by gut microbiota depletion with antibiotics, indicating that the gut microbiota is a source of lung succinate. Moreover, succinate promoted alveolar macrophage polarisation, alveolar epithelial apoptosis and lung injury during intestinal I/R. Conversely, knockdown of Sucnr1 or blockage of SUCNR1 in vitro and in vivo reversed the effects of succinate by modulating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase-AKT/hypoxia-inducible factor-1α pathway. Plasma succinate levels significantly correlated with intestinal I/R-related lung injury after cardiopulmonary bypass. CONCLUSION Gut microbiota-derived succinate exacerbates intestinal I/R-induced ALI through SUCNR1-dependent alveolar macrophage polarisation, identifying succinate as a novel target for gut-derived ALI in critically ill patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Heng Wang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Yi-Heng Wang and Zheng-Zheng Yan contributed equally
| | - Zheng-Zheng Yan
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Yi-Heng Wang and Zheng-Zheng Yan contributed equally
| | - Si-Dan Luo
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Juan Hu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei Wu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Feng Liu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cai Li
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Cai Li and Ke-Xuan Liu contributed equally to this article as lead authors and supervised the work
| | - Ke-Xuan Liu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Cai Li and Ke-Xuan Liu contributed equally to this article as lead authors and supervised the work
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Diaz-Vidal T, Romero-Olivas CB, Martínez-Pérez RB. Characterization, comparative, and functional analysis of arylacetamide deacetylase from Gnathostomata organisms. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2022; 20:169. [PMID: 36542226 PMCID: PMC9772364 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-022-00443-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arylacetamide deacetylase (AADAC) is a lipolytic enzyme involved in xenobiotic metabolism. The characterization in terms of activity and substrate preference has been limited to a few mammalian species. The potential role and catalytic activities of AADAC from other organisms are still poorly understood. Therefore, in this work, the physicochemical properties, proteomic analysis, and protein-protein interactions from Gnathostomata organisms were investigated. RESULTS The analysis were performed with 142 orthologue sequences with ~ 48-100% identity with human AADAC. The catalytic motif HGG[A/G] tetrapeptide block was conserved through all AADAC orthologues. Four variations were found in the consensus pentapeptide GXSXG sequence (GDSAG, GESAG, GDSSG, and GSSSG), and a novel motif YXLXP was found. The prediction of N-glycosylation sites projected 4, 1, 6, and 4 different patterns for amphibians, birds, mammals, and reptiles, respectively. The transmembrane regions of AADAC orthologues were not conserved among groups, and variations in the number and orientation of the active site and C-terminal carboxyl were observed among the sequences studied. The protein-protein interaction of AADAC orthologues were related to cancer, lipid, and xenobiotic metabolism genes. CONCLUSION The findings from this computational analysis offer new insight into one of the main enzymes involved in xenobiotic metabolism from mammals, reptiles, amphibians, and birds and its potential use in medical and veterinarian biotechnological approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Diaz-Vidal
- grid.412890.60000 0001 2158 0196Present Address: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Guadalajara, 44430 Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Christian Berenice Romero-Olivas
- grid.466844.c0000 0000 9963 8346Present Address: Department of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, Ciudad Obregón, Mexico 85137
| | - Raúl Balam Martínez-Pérez
- grid.466844.c0000 0000 9963 8346Present Address: Department of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, Ciudad Obregón, Mexico 85137 ,grid.418270.80000 0004 0428 7635Industrial Biotechnology, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, 45019 Zapopan, Mexico
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Atallah R, Olschewski A, Heinemann A. Succinate at the Crossroad of Metabolism and Angiogenesis: Roles of SDH, HIF1α and SUCNR1. Biomedicines 2022; 10:3089. [PMID: 36551845 PMCID: PMC9775124 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an essential process by which new blood vessels develop from existing ones. While adequate angiogenesis is a physiological process during, for example, tissue repair, insufficient and excessive angiogenesis stands on the pathological side. Fine balance between pro- and anti-angiogenic factors in the tissue environment regulates angiogenesis. Identification of these factors and how they function is a pressing topic to develop angiogenesis-targeted therapeutics. During the last decade, exciting data highlighted non-metabolic functions of intermediates of the mitochondrial Krebs cycle including succinate. Among these functions is the contribution of succinate to angiogenesis in various contexts and through different mechanisms. As the concept of targeting metabolism to treat a wide range of diseases is rising, in this review we summarize the mechanisms by which succinate regulates angiogenesis in normal and pathological settings. Gaining a comprehensive insight into how this metabolite functions as an angiogenic signal will provide a useful approach to understand diseases with aberrant or excessive angiogenic background, and may provide strategies to tackle them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham Atallah
- Otto-Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Andrea Olschewski
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Akos Heinemann
- Otto-Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
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Kuo CC, Wu JY, Wu KK. Cancer-derived extracellular succinate: a driver of cancer metastasis. J Biomed Sci 2022; 29:93. [DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00878-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractSuccinate is a tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediate normally confined to the mitochondrial matrix. It is a substrate of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH). Mutation of SDH subunits (SDHD and SDHB) in hereditary tumors such as paraganglioma or reduction of SDHB expression in cancer results in matrix succinate accumulation which is transported to cytoplasma and secreted into the extracellular milieu. Excessive cytosolic succinate is known to stabilize hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) by inhibiting prolyl hydroxylase. Recent reports indicate that cancer-secreted succinate enhances cancer cell migration and promotes cancer metastasis by activating succinate receptor-1 (SUCNR-1)-mediated signaling and transcription pathways. Cancer-derived extracellular succinate enhances cancer cell and macrophage migration through SUCNR-1 → PI-3 K → HIF-1α pathway. Extracellular succinate induces tumor angiogenesis through SUCNR-1-mediated ERK1/2 and STAT3 activation resulting in upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. Succinate increases SUCNR-1 expression in cancer cells which is considered as a target for developing new anti-metastasis drugs. Furthermore, serum succinate which is elevated in cancer patients may be a theranostic biomarker for selecting patients for SUCNR-1 antagonist therapy.
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Lednovich KR, Gough S, Brenner M, Qadri T, Layden BT. G
Protein‐Coupled Receptors in Metabolic Disease. GPCRS AS THERAPEUTIC TARGETS 2022:521-552. [DOI: 10.1002/9781119564782.ch15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Are the Bacteria and Their Metabolites Contributing for Gut Inflammation on GSD-Ia Patients? Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12090873. [PMID: 36144277 PMCID: PMC9504798 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12090873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, patients with glycogen storage disease (GSD) have been described as having gut dysbiosis, lower fecal pH, and an imbalance in SCFAs due to an increase in acetate and propionate levels. Here, we report the fecal measurement of bacterial-related metabolites formic, acetic, lactic, propionic, and succinic acid, a key metabolite of both host and microbiota, on a previously described cohort of 24 patients (GSD Ia = 15, GSD Ib = 5, 1 GSD III = 1 and GSD IX = 3) and 16 healthy controls, with similar sex and age, using the high-performance liquid chromatography technique. The succinic acid levels were higher in the GSD patients than in the controls (patients = 38.02; controls = 27.53; p = 0.045), without differences between the groups for other metabolites. Fecal pH present inverse correlation with lactic acid (R = −0.54; p = 0.0085), while OTUs were inversely correlated with both lactic (R = −0.46; p = 0.026) and formic (R = −0.54; p = 0.026) acids. Using two distinct metrics of diversity, borderline significance was obtained for propionic acid, affecting the microbial structure on Euclidean basis in 8% (r2 = 0.081; p = 0.079), and for lactic acid, affecting 6% of microbial structure using Bray–Curtis distance (r2 = 0.065; p = 0.060). No correlation was found between SCFAs and total carbohydrate consumption among the participants or uncooked cornstarch consumption among the patients.
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Gupta P, Strange K, Telange R, Guo A, Hatch H, Sobh A, Elie J, Carter AM, Totenhagen J, Tan C, Sonawane YA, Neuzil J, Natarajan A, Ovens AJ, Oakhill JS, Wiederhold T, Pacak K, Ghayee HK, Meijer L, Reddy S, Bibb JA. Genetic impairment of succinate metabolism disrupts bioenergetic sensing in adrenal neuroendocrine cancer. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111218. [PMID: 35977518 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction mutations can impair energy sensing and cause cancer. Loss of function of the mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle enzyme subunit succinate dehydrogenase B (SDHB) results in various forms of cancer typified by pheochromocytoma (PC). Here we delineate a signaling cascade where the loss of SDHB induces the Warburg effect, triggers dysregulation of [Ca2+]i, and aberrantly activates calpain and protein kinase Cdk5, through conversion of its cofactor from p35 to p25. Consequently, aberrant Cdk5 initiates a phospho-signaling cascade where GSK3 inhibition inactivates energy sensing by AMP kinase through dephosphorylation of the AMP kinase γ subunit, PRKAG2. Overexpression of p25-GFP in mouse adrenal chromaffin cells also elicits this phosphorylation signaling and causes PC. A potent Cdk5 inhibitor, MRT3-007, reverses this phospho-cascade, invoking a senescence-like phenotype. This therapeutic approach halted tumor progression in vivo. Thus, we reveal an important mechanistic feature of metabolic sensing and demonstrate that its dysregulation underlies tumor progression in PC and likely other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Gupta
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Keehn Strange
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Rahul Telange
- Department of Hematology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Ailan Guo
- Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA 01923, USA
| | - Heather Hatch
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Amin Sobh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Jonathan Elie
- Perha Pharmaceuticals, Hôtel de Recherche, Perharidy Peninsula, 29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Angela M Carter
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - John Totenhagen
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Chunfeng Tan
- UT Health Science Center at Houston, Department of Neurology, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yogesh A Sonawane
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West 252 50, Czech Republic; School of Pharmacy Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Amarnath Natarajan
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Ashley J Ovens
- Metabolic Signalling Laboratory, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jonathan S Oakhill
- Metabolic Signalling Laboratory, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Karel Pacak
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Hans K Ghayee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Florida College of Medicine and Malcom Randall VA Medical Center, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Laurent Meijer
- Perha Pharmaceuticals, Hôtel de Recherche, Perharidy Peninsula, 29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Sushanth Reddy
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - James A Bibb
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center and the Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
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HDAC8 Promotes Liver Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer via Inhibition of IRF1 and Upregulation of SUCNR1. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2815187. [PMID: 36035205 PMCID: PMC9400431 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2815187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are well-characterized for their involvement in tumor progression. Herein, the current study set out to unravel the association of HDAC8 with colorectal cancer (CRC). Bioinformatics analyses were carried out to retrieve the expression patterns of HDAC8 in CRC and the underlying mechanism. Following expression determination, the specific roles of HDAC8, IRF1, and SUCNR1 in CRC cell functions were analyzed following different interventions. Additionally, tumor formation and liver metastasis in nude mice were operated to verify the fore experiment. Bioinformatics analyses predicted the involvement of the HDAC8/IRF1/SUCNR1 axis in CRC. In vitro cell experiments showed that HDAC8 induced the CRC cell growth by reducing IRF1 expression. Meanwhile, IRF1 limited SUCNR1 expression by binding to its promoter. SUCNR1 triggered the growth and metastasis of CRC by inhibiting cell autophagy. HDAC8 blocked IRF1-mediated SUCNR1 inhibition and thereby inhibited autophagy, accelerating CRC cell growth. Lastly, HDAC8 facilitated the development of CRC and liver metastasis by regulating the IRF1/SUCNR1 axis in vivo. Taken together, our findings highlighted the critical role for the HDAC8/IRF1/SUCNR1 axis in the regulation of autophagy and the resultant liver metastasis in CRC.
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Tang X, Hou Y, Schwartz TW, Haeggström JZ. Metabolite G-protein coupled receptor signaling: Potential regulation of eicosanoids. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 204:115208. [PMID: 35963340 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Eicosanoids are a family of bioactive compounds derived from arachidonic acid (AA) that play pivotal roles in physiology and disease, including inflammatory conditions of multiple organ systems. The biosynthesis of eicosanoids requires a series of catalytic steps that are controlled by designated enzymes, which can be regulated by inflammatory and stress signals via transcriptional and translational mechanisms. In the past decades, evidence have emerged indicating that G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) can sense extracellular metabolites, and regulate inflammatory responses including eicosanoid production. This review focuses on the recent advances of metabolite GPCRs research, their role in regulation of eicosanoid biosynthesis, and the link to pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Tang
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Biomedicum 9A, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Yaolin Hou
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Biomedicum 9A, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thue W Schwartz
- Section for Metabolic Receptology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department for Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Z Haeggström
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Biomedicum 9A, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Elia I, Rowe JH, Johnson S, Joshi S, Notarangelo G, Kurmi K, Weiss S, Freeman GJ, Sharpe AH, Haigis MC. Tumor cells dictate anti-tumor immune responses by altering pyruvate utilization and succinate signaling in CD8 + T cells. Cell Metab 2022; 34:1137-1150.e6. [PMID: 35820416 PMCID: PMC9357162 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a unique metabolic niche that can inhibit T cell metabolism and cytotoxicity. To dissect the metabolic interplay between tumors and T cells, we establish an in vitro system that recapitulates the metabolic niche of the TME and allows us to define cell-specific metabolism. We identify tumor-derived lactate as an inhibitor of CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity, revealing an unexpected metabolic shunt in the TCA cycle. Metabolically fit cytotoxic T cells shunt succinate out of the TCA cycle to promote autocrine signaling via the succinate receptor (SUCNR1). Cytotoxic T cells are reliant on pyruvate carboxylase (PC) to replenish TCA cycle intermediates. By contrast, lactate reduces PC-mediated anaplerosis. The inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) is sufficient to restore PC activity, succinate secretion, and the activation of SUCNR1. These studies identify PDH as a potential drug target to allow CD8+ T cells to retain cytotoxicity and overcome a lactate-enriched TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Elia
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jared H Rowe
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Sheila Johnson
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shakchhi Joshi
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Giulia Notarangelo
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kiran Kurmi
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sarah Weiss
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gordon J Freeman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Arlene H Sharpe
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Marcia C Haigis
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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35
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Xu NY, Liu ZY, Yang QM, Bian PP, Li M, Zhao X. Genomic Analyses for Selective Signatures and Genes Involved in Hot Adaptation Among Indigenous Chickens From Different Tropical Climate Regions. Front Genet 2022; 13:906447. [PMID: 35979430 PMCID: PMC9377314 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.906447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change, especially weather extremes like extreme cold or extreme hot, is a major challenge for global livestock. One of the animal breeding goals for sustainable livestock production should be to breed animals with excellent climate adaptability. Indigenous livestock and poultry are well adapted to the local climate, and they are good resources to study the genetic footprints and mechanism of the resilience to weather extremes. In order to identify selection signatures and genes that might be involved in hot adaptation in indigenous chickens from different tropical climates, we conducted a genomic analysis of 65 indigenous chickens that inhabit different climates. Several important unique positively selected genes (PSGs) were identified for each local chicken group by the cross-population extended haplotype homozygosity (XP-EHH). These PSGs, verified by composite likelihood ratio, genetic differentiation index, nucleotide diversity, Tajima’s D, and decorrelated composite of multiple signals, are related to nerve regulation, vascular function, immune function, lipid metabolism, kidney development, and function, which are involved in thermoregulation and hot adaptation. However, one common PSG was detected for all three tropical groups of chickens via XP-EHH but was not confirmed by other five types of selective sweep analyses. These results suggest that the hot adaptability of indigenous chickens from different tropical climate regions has evolved in parallel by taking different pathways with different sets of genes. The results from our study have provided reasonable explanations and insights for the rapid adaptation of chickens to diverse tropical climates and provide practical values for poultry breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Yi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qi-Meng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Pei-Pei Bian
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Xin Zhao,
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Pardella E, Ippolito L, Giannoni E, Chiarugi P. Nutritional and metabolic signalling through GPCRs. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:2364-2381. [PMID: 35776088 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Deregulated metabolism is a well-known feature of several challenging diseases, including diabetes, obesity and cancer. Besides their important role as intracellular bioenergetic molecules, dietary nutrients and metabolic intermediates are released in the extracellular environment. As such, they may achieve unconventional roles as hormone-like molecules by activating cell-surface G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that regulate several pathophysiological processes. In this review, we provide an insight into the role of lactate, succinate, fatty acids, amino acids, ketogenesis-derived and β-oxidation-derived intermediates as extracellular signalling molecules. Moreover, the mechanisms by which their cognate metabolite-sensing GPCRs integrate nutritional and metabolic signals with specific intracellular pathways will be described. A better comprehension of these aspects is of fundamental importance to identify GPCRs as novel druggable targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Pardella
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Luigi Ippolito
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Elisa Giannoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Chiarugi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
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Yuan Y, Ni S, Zhuge A, Li L, Li B. Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Reprogram M1 Macrophage Metabolism via PHD2/HIF-1α Pathway in Colitis Mice. Front Immunol 2022; 13:859806. [PMID: 35757749 PMCID: PMC9226317 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.859806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease worldwide. Infiltration of pro-inflammatory macrophages (M1 macrophages) contributes to the occurrence of bowel inflammation. Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a promising therapeutic strategy for UC, but the exact mechanism remains unknow yet. Here, we treated DSS-induced colitis mice with adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) and revealed that ADMSCs alleviated colon inflammation by reducing the infiltration of M1 macrophages. Moreover, ADMSCs exerted this therapeutic effect by inhibiting succinate accumulation, increasing PHD2 to prevent M1 macrophages from overexpressing HIF-1α and thereby reprogramming the glycolytic pathway of M1 macrophages. Meanwhile, the succinate secreted by M1 macrophages triggered ADMSCs to secrete PGE2 in return, which could also shift macrophages from M1 phenotype to M2. Our work demonstrated an immunomodulatory effect of ADMSCs and provided a novel perspective on UC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuo Ni
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Shanghai Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Aoxiang Zhuge
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, China
| | - Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, China
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Zhang M, Liu J, Li C, Gao J, Xu C, Wu X, Xu T, Cui C, Wei H, Peng J, Zheng R. Functional Fiber Reduces Mice Obesity by Regulating Intestinal Microbiota. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132676. [PMID: 35807856 PMCID: PMC9268532 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity may cause metabolic syndrome and has become a global public health problem, and dietary fibers (DF) could alleviate obesity and metabolic syndrome by regulating intestinal microbiota. We developed a functional fiber (FF) with a synthetic mixture of polysaccharides, high viscosity, water-binding capacity, swelling capacity, and fermentability. This study aimed to investigate the effect of FF on obesity and to determine its prevention of obesity by modulating the gut microbiota. Physiological, histological, and biochemical parameters, and gut microbiota composition were investigated in the following six groups: control group (Con), high-fat diet group (HFD), low-fat diet group (LFD, conversion of HFD to LFD), high-fat +8% FF group (8% FF), high-fat +12% FF group (12% FF), and high-fat +12% FF + antibiotic group (12% FF + AB). The results demonstrated that 12% FF could promote a reduction in body weight and epididymal adipocyte area, augment insulin sensitivity, and stimulate heat production from brown adipose tissue (BAT) (p < 0.05). Compared with the HFD, 12% FF could also significantly improve the intestinal morphological integrity, attenuate systemic inflammation, promote intestinal microbiota homeostasis, and stabilize the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) (p < 0.05). Consistent with the results of 12% FF, the LFD could significantly reduce the body weight and epididymal adipocyte area relative to the HFD (p < 0.05), but the LFD and HFD showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the level of inflammation and SCFAs. Meanwhile, 12% FF supplementation showed an increase (p < 0.05) in the abundance of the Bifidobacterium, Lactococcus, and Coprococcus genus in the intestine, which had a negative correlation with obesity and insulin resistance. Additionally, the treatment with antibiotics (12% FF + AB) could inhibit the effect of FF in the HFD. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) function prediction revealed that 12% FF could significantly inhibit the cyanogenic amino acid metabolic pathway and decrease the serum succinate concentration relative to the HFD group. The overall results indicate that 12% FF has the potential to reduce obesity through the beneficial regulation of the gut microbiota and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Zhang
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (M.Z.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (J.G.); (T.X.)
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (M.Z.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (J.G.); (T.X.)
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (M.Z.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (J.G.); (T.X.)
| | - Jianwei Gao
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (M.Z.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (J.G.); (T.X.)
| | - Chuanhui Xu
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (C.X.); (X.W.); (C.C.); (H.W.); (J.P.)
| | - Xiaoyu Wu
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (C.X.); (X.W.); (C.C.); (H.W.); (J.P.)
| | - Tiesheng Xu
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (M.Z.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (J.G.); (T.X.)
| | - Chenbin Cui
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (C.X.); (X.W.); (C.C.); (H.W.); (J.P.)
| | - Hongkui Wei
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (C.X.); (X.W.); (C.C.); (H.W.); (J.P.)
| | - Jian Peng
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (C.X.); (X.W.); (C.C.); (H.W.); (J.P.)
- The Cooperative Innovation Centre for Sustainable Pig Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Rong Zheng
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (M.Z.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (J.G.); (T.X.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-134-1952-7039
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Monfort-Ferré D, Caro A, Menacho M, Martí M, Espina B, Boronat-Toscano A, Nuñez-Roa C, Seco J, Bautista M, Espín E, Megía A, Vendrell J, Fernández-Veledo S, Serena C. The Gut Microbiota Metabolite Succinate Promotes Adipose Tissue Browning in Crohn's Disease. J Crohns Colitis 2022; 16:1571-1583. [PMID: 35554517 PMCID: PMC9624294 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Crohn's disease [CD] is associated with complex microbe-host interactions, involving changes in microbial communities, and gut barrier defects, leading to the translocation of microorganisms to surrounding adipose tissue [AT]. We evaluated the presence of beige AT depots in CD and questioned whether succinate and/or bacterial translocation promotes white-to-beige transition in adipocytes. METHODS Visceral [VAT] and subcutaneous [SAT] AT biopsies, serum and plasma were obtained from patients with active [n = 21] or inactive [n = 12] CD, and from healthy controls [n = 15]. Adipose-derived stem cells [ASCs] and AT macrophages [ATMs] were isolated from VAT biopsies. RESULTS Plasma succinate levels were significantly higher in patients with active CD than in controls and were intermediate in those with inactive disease. Plasma succinate correlated with the inflammatory marker high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. Expression of the succinate receptor SUCNR1 was higher in VAT, ASCs and ATMs from the active CD group than from the inactive or control groups. Succinate treatment of ASCs elevated the expression of several beige AT markers from controls and from patients with inactive disease, including uncoupling protein-1 [UCP1]. Notably, beige AT markers were prominent in ASCs from patients with active CD. Secretome profiling revealed that ASCs from patients with active disease secrete beige AT-related proteins, and co-culture assays showed that bacteria also trigger the white-to-beige switch of ASCs from patients with CD. Finally, AT depots from patients with CD exhibited a conversion from white to beige AT together with high UCP1 expression, which was corroborated by in situ thermal imaging analysis. CONCLUSIONS Succinate and bacteria trigger white-to-beige AT transition in CD. Understanding the role of beige AT in CD might aid in the development of therapeutic or diagnostic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diandra Monfort-Ferré
- Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aleidis Caro
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
| | | | - Marc Martí
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, General Surgery Service, Hospital Valle de Hebron, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Espina
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Albert Boronat-Toscano
- Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cati Nuñez-Roa
- Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Seco
- Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Michelle Bautista
- Digestive Unit, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Eloy Espín
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, General Surgery Service, Hospital Valle de Hebron, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Megía
- Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan Vendrell
- Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Sonia Fernández-Veledo
- Corresponding authors: Sonia Fernández-Veledo, PhD, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain. ;
| | - Carolina Serena
- Carolina Serena, PhD, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain. ;
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Xu J, Zheng Y, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Li H, Zhang A, Wang X, Wang W, Hou Y, Wang J. Succinate/IL-1β Signaling Axis Promotes the Inflammatory Progression of Endothelial and Exacerbates Atherosclerosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:817572. [PMID: 35273600 PMCID: PMC8901997 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.817572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an important driver of atherosclerosis. Succinate is a new extracellular inflammatory alarm released by activated macrophages. Succinate is sensed by succinate receptor 1 (Sucnr1) and then transferred to effector cells. It is worth exploring whether succinate is capable of facilitating the inflammatory response in atherosclerosis. In this study, we firstly found that arterial serum of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) patients contained significantly higher succinate and interleukin (IL)-1β than Health control (HC) subjects, and succinate was positively correlated with IL-1β. As demonstrated by the in vitro study, succinate/hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (Hif)-1α/IL-1β signal axis existed and significantly facilitated the inflammatory program in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Under the coculture, activated macrophages released succinate, which would be transferred to HUVECs via Sucnr1 and then activate Hif-1α to produce a greater amount of IL-1β. Likewise, the aortic sinus’s inflammatory phenotype was found to be more significant within Apoe-/- mice that were injected with succinate. Furthermore, Sucnr1 inhibitor (NF-56-EJ40) could significantly interrupt succinate/IL-1β signal in HUVECs and macrophages. As revealed by this study, glycolytic metabolism following the release of succinate could be found in atherosclerotic pathology, and succinate would drive succinate/IL-1β signal dependent on Sucnr1 and then exacerbate inflammatory responses. Sucnr1 might be a novel target for cutting off the transduction of succinate signal to prevent the inflammation of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Yabing Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Yaqing Zhao
- College of Second Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yujiao Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Huilin Li
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - An Zhang
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xuehan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Weizong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Yinglong Hou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Jiangrong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
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Chowdhury A, Witte S, Aich A. Role of Mitochondrial Nucleic Acid Sensing Pathways in Health and Patho-Physiology. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:796066. [PMID: 35223833 PMCID: PMC8873532 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.796066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria, in symbiosis with the host cell, carry out a wide variety of functions from generating energy, regulating the metabolic processes, cell death to inflammation. The most prominent function of mitochondria relies on the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system. OXPHOS heavily influences the mitochondrial-nuclear communication through a plethora of interconnected signaling pathways. Additionally, owing to the bacterial ancestry, mitochondria also harbor a large number of Damage Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs). These molecules relay the information about the state of the mitochondrial health and dysfunction to the innate immune system. Consequently, depending on the intracellular or extracellular nature of detection, different inflammatory pathways are elicited. One group of DAMPs, the mitochondrial nucleic acids, hijack the antiviral DNA or RNA sensing mechanisms such as the cGAS/STING and RIG-1/MAVS pathways. A pro-inflammatory response is invoked by these signals predominantly through type I interferon (T1-IFN) cytokines. This affects a wide range of organ systems which exhibit clinical presentations of auto-immune disorders. Interestingly, tumor cells too, have devised ingenious ways to use the mitochondrial DNA mediated cGAS-STING-IRF3 response to promote neoplastic transformations and develop tumor micro-environments. Thus, mitochondrial nucleic acid-sensing pathways are fundamental in understanding the source and nature of disease initiation and development. Apart from the pathological interest, recent studies also attempt to delineate the structural considerations for the release of nucleic acids across the mitochondrial membranes. Hence, this review presents a comprehensive overview of the different aspects of mitochondrial nucleic acid-sensing. It attempts to summarize the nature of the molecular patterns involved, their release and recognition in the cytoplasm and signaling. Finally, a major emphasis is given to elaborate the resulting patho-physiologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Chowdhury
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Steffen Witte
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Abhishek Aich
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Multiscale Bioimaging, from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells” (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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42
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Liu X, Chen Y, Zhao L, Tian Q, deAvila JM, Zhu MJ, Du M. Dietary succinate supplementation to maternal mice improves fetal brown adipose tissue development and thermogenesis of female offspring. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 100:108908. [PMID: 34801687 PMCID: PMC8761167 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Succinic acid widely exists in foods and is used as a food additive. Succinate not only serves as an energy substrate, but also induces protein succinylation. Histone succinylation activates gene transcription. The brown adipose tissue (BAT) is critical for prevention of obesity and metabolic dysfunction, and the fetal stage is pivotal for BAT development. Up to now, the role of maternal succinate supplementation on fetal BAT development and offspring BAT function remains unexamined. To test, female C57BL/6J mice (2-month-old) were separated into 2 groups, received with or without 0.5% succinic acid in drinking water during gestation and lactation. After weaning, female offspring were challenged with high fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. Newborn, female weanling, and HFD female offspring mice were analyzed. For neonatal and weaning mice, the BAT weight relative to the whole body weight was significantly increased in the succinate group. The expression of PGC-1α, a key transcription co-activator promoting mitochondrial biogenesis, was elevated in BAT of female neonatal and offspring born to succinate-fed dams. Consistently, maternal succinate supplementation enhanced thermogenesis and the expression of thermogenic genes in offspring BAT. Additionally, maternal succinate supplementation protected female offspring against HFD-induced obesity. Furthermore, in C3H10T1/2 cells, succinate supplementation promoted PGC-1α expression and brown adipogenesis. Mechanistically, succinate supplementation increased permissive histone succinylation and H3K4me3 modification in the Ppargc1a promoter, which correlated with the higher expression of Ppargc1a. In conclusion, maternal succinate supplementation during pregnancy and lactation enhanced fetal BAT development and offspring BAT thermogenesis, which prevented HFD-induced obesity and metabolism dysfunction in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangdong Liu
- Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Yanting Chen
- Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Qiyu Tian
- Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | | | - Mei-Jun Zhu
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Min Du
- Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA;,Corresponding author at: Dr. Du Min. Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA. Tel.: 1-307-760-8860,
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Rabe P, Liebing AD, Krumbholz P, Kraft R, Stäubert C. Succinate receptor 1 inhibits mitochondrial respiration in cancer cells addicted to glutamine. Cancer Lett 2022; 526:91-102. [PMID: 34813893 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells display metabolic alterations to meet the bioenergetic demands for their high proliferation rates. Succinate is a central metabolite of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, but was also shown to act as an oncometabolite and to specifically activate the succinate receptor 1 (SUCNR1), which is expressed in several types of cancer. However, functional studies focusing on the connection between SUCNR1 and cancer cell metabolism are still lacking. In the present study, we analyzed the role of SUCNR1 for cancer cell metabolism and survival applying different signal transduction, metabolic and imaging analyses. We chose a gastric, a lung and a pancreatic cancer cell line for which our data revealed functional expression of SUCNR1. Further, presence of glutamine (Gln) caused high respiratory rates and elevated expression of SUCNR1. Knockdown of SUCNR1 resulted in a significant increase of mitochondrial respiration and superoxide production accompanied by an increase in TCA cycle throughput and a reduction of cancer cell survival in the analyzed cancer cell lines. Combination of SUCNR1 knockdown and treatment with the chemotherapeutics cisplatin and gemcitabine further increased cancer cell death. In summary, our data implicates that SUCNR1 is crucial for Gln-addicted cancer cells by limiting TCA cycle throughput, mitochondrial respiration and the production of reactive oxygen species, highlighting its potential as a pharmacological target for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Rabe
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 30, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Aenne-Dorothea Liebing
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 30, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Petra Krumbholz
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 30, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Robert Kraft
- Carl Ludwig Institute for Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, Liebigstraße 27, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Claudia Stäubert
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 30, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
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Integrated Analysis of lncRNA and mRNA Reveals Novel Insights into Wool Bending in Zhongwei Goat. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11113326. [PMID: 34828057 PMCID: PMC8614501 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The high-quality lambskin of the Chinese Zhongwei goat has a high economic value. The quality of lamb skin is mainly affected by the curvature of the wool, which is regulated by the growth and development of hair follicles. In this study, the expression profiles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) of 45-day-old and 108-day-old Zhongwei goats were constructed by the Ribo Zero RNA sequencing. A total of 60 differential lncRNAs and 352 differential mRNAs were identified. The functional annotation of differential lncRNAs target genes showed that they were mainly enriched in PI3K-Akt and Arachidonic acid metabolic signaling pathways. In combination with qRT-PCR and WGCNA results, we speculate that LOC102172600 and LOC102191729 might affect hair follicle development and wool curvature by regulating the target genes. These results provide new insights into the potential role of lncRNA in regulating wool bending. Abstract Chinese Zhongwei goat is a rare and precious fur breed as its lamb fur is a well-known fur product. Wool bending of lamb fur of the Zhongwei goat is its most striking feature. However, the curvature of the wool decreases gradually with growth, which significantly affects its quality and economic value. The mechanism regulating the phenotypic changes of hair bending is still unclear. In the present study, the skin tissues of Zhongwei goats at 45 days (curving wool) and 108 days (slight-curving wool) after birth were taken as the research objects, and the expression profiling of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs were analyzed based on the Ribo Zero RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) method. In total, 46,013 mRNAs and 13,549 lncRNAs were identified, of which 352 were differentially expressed mRNAs and 60 were. lncRNAs. Functional enrichment analysis of the target genes of lncRNAs were mainly enriched in PI3K-Akt, Arachidonic acid metabolic, cAMP, Wnt, and other signaling pathways. The qRT-PCR results of eight selected lncRNAs and target genes were consistent with the sequencing result, which indicated our data were reliable. Through the analysis of the weighted gene co-expression network, 13 co-expression modules were identified. The turquoise module contained a large number of differential expressed lncRNAs, which were mainly enriched in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and cAMP signaling pathway. The predicted LOC102172600 and LOC102191729 might affect the development of hair follicles and the curvature of wool by regulating the target genes. Our study provides novel insights into the potential roles of lncRNAs in the regulation of wool bending. In addition, the study offers a theoretical basis for further study of goat wool growth, so as to be a guidance and reference for breeding and improvement in the future.
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Atallah R, Gindlhuber J, Platzer W, Bärnthaler T, Tatzl E, Toller W, Strutz J, Rittchen S, Luschnig P, Birner-Gruenberger R, Wadsack C, Heinemann A. SUCNR1 Is Expressed in Human Placenta and Mediates Angiogenesis: Significance in Gestational Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12048. [PMID: 34769478 PMCID: PMC8585094 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Placental hypervascularization has been reported in pregnancy-related pathologies such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Nevertheless, the underlying causes behind this abnormality are not well understood. In this study, we addressed the expression of SUCNR1 (cognate succinate receptor) in human placental endothelial cells and hypothesized that the succinate-SUCNR1 axis might play a role in the placental hypervascularization reported in GDM. We measured significantly higher succinate levels in placental tissue lysates from women with GDM relative to matched controls. In parallel, SUCNR1 protein expression was upregulated in GDM tissue lysates as well as in isolated diabetic fetoplacental arterial endothelial cells (FpECAds). A positive correlation of SUCNR1 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein levels in tissue lysates indicated a potential link between the succinate-SUCNR1 axis and placental angiogenesis. In our in vitro experiments, succinate prompted hallmarks of angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) such as proliferation, migration and spheroid sprouting. These results were further validated in fetoplacental arterial endothelial cells (FpECAs), where succinate induced endothelial tube formation. VEGF gene expression was increased in response to succinate in both HUVECs and FpECAs. Yet, knockdown of SUCNR1 in HUVECs led to suppression of VEGF gene expression and abrogated the migratory ability and wound healing in response to succinate. In conclusion, our data underline SUCNR1 as a promising metabolic target in human placenta and as a potential driver of enhanced placental angiogenesis in GDM.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Case-Control Studies
- Cells, Cultured
- Diabetes, Gestational/genetics
- Diabetes, Gestational/metabolism
- Diabetes, Gestational/physiopathology
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Female
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells
- Humans
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/genetics
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Neovascularization, Physiologic/genetics
- Placenta/blood supply
- Placenta/metabolism
- Pregnancy
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham Atallah
- Otto-Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (R.A.); (W.P.); (T.B.); (S.R.); (P.L.)
- National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Juergen Gindlhuber
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (J.G.); (R.B.-G.)
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Technische Universität Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Platzer
- Otto-Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (R.A.); (W.P.); (T.B.); (S.R.); (P.L.)
| | - Thomas Bärnthaler
- Otto-Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (R.A.); (W.P.); (T.B.); (S.R.); (P.L.)
| | - Eva Tatzl
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (E.T.); (W.T.)
| | - Wolfgang Toller
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (E.T.); (W.T.)
| | - Jasmin Strutz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (J.S.); (C.W.)
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Carinthia University of Applied Sciences, 9020 Klagenfurt, Austria
| | - Sonja Rittchen
- Otto-Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (R.A.); (W.P.); (T.B.); (S.R.); (P.L.)
| | - Petra Luschnig
- Otto-Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (R.A.); (W.P.); (T.B.); (S.R.); (P.L.)
| | - Ruth Birner-Gruenberger
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (J.G.); (R.B.-G.)
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Technische Universität Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Wadsack
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (J.S.); (C.W.)
| | - Akos Heinemann
- Otto-Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (R.A.); (W.P.); (T.B.); (S.R.); (P.L.)
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Foresight regarding drug candidates acting on the succinate-GPR91 signalling pathway for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112298. [PMID: 34649219 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, and it is a liver manifestation of metabolic syndrome, with a histological spectrum from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NASH can evolve into progressive liver fibrosis and eventually lead to liver cirrhosis. The pathological mechanism of NASH is multifactorial, involving a series of metabolic disorders and changes that trigger low-level inflammation in the liver and other organs. In the pathogenesis of NASH, the signal transduction pathway involving succinate and the succinate receptor (G-protein-coupled receptor 91, GPR91) regulates inflammatory cell activation and liver fibrosis. This review describes the mechanism of the succinate-GPR91 signalling pathway in NASH and summarizes the drugs that act on this pathway, with the aim of providing a new approach to NASH treatment.
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Gao Y, Li G, Fan S, Wang Y, Wei H, Li M, Li X. Circ_0093887 upregulates CCND2 and SUCNR1 to inhibit the ox-LDL-induced endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis by functioning as a miR-876-3p sponge. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2021; 48:1137-1149. [PMID: 33844344 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are widely expressed in mammals and act as regulatory targets in the atherogenesis. The objective of this study was to research the biological role and molecular mechanism of circ_0093887 in oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced atherosclerosis (AS) of human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). Cell viability detection was performed by CCK-8 assay. Inflammatory molecules were examined using ELISA. Flow cytometry was used to measure cell-cycle progression and cell apoptotic rate. Caspase 3 activity was determined using caspase 3 activity assay. The expression levels of circ_0093887, miR-876-3p, CCND2 and SUCNR1 were assayed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Dual-luciferase reporter, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and RNA pull-down assays were used for the target analysis. EdU assay, wound healing assay/transwell assay and tube formation assay were, respectively, used to assess the effects of circ_0093887/miR-876-3p axis on cell proliferation, migration and tube formation. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein inhibited cell viability and cell-cycle progression but induced the inflammatory response and cell apoptosis. Circ_0093887 was downregulated and miR-876-3p was upregulated in AS patients and ox-LDL-treated HAECs. Functionally, the overexpression of circ_0093887 abrogated the cell injury of HAEC exposed to ox-LDL. For the functional mechanism, we found that circ_0093887 was a sponge for miR-876-3p and miR-876 targeted CCND2 or SUCNR1. The reverted experiment indicated that the function of circ_0093887 was achieved by sponging miR-876-3p. Meanwhile, miR-876-3p inhibitor relieved the inhibitory regulation of circ_0093887 knockdown in cell proliferation, migration and tube formation. Downregulation of miR-876-3p also alleviated the ox-LDL-induced cell injury by upregulating the expression of CCND2 or SUCNR1. Furthermore, circ_0093887 was validated to regulate the levels of CCND2 and SUCNR1 via the sponge effect on miR-876-3p. The protective effects of circ_0093887 on HAECs from ox-LDL were also alleviated by repressing the CCND2 and SUCNR1 levels. These findings suggested that circ_0093887 protected HAEC against the ox-LDL-induced inflammatory and apoptotic damages by targeting the miR-876-3p/CCND2 or miR-876/SUCNRA axis. Circ_0093887 could act as a potential therapeutic biomarker for AS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Guangnan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shasha Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hong Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Mingyang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xueqi Li
- Department of Cardiology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Kuriiwa F, Kobayashi M, Mizukami H, Hara S. Mitochondrial toxins potentiate hydroxyl radical production in rat striatum during carbon monoxide poisoning. J Pharmacol Sci 2021; 146:29-32. [PMID: 33858652 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2021.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxyl radical (•OH) production in the rat striatum during carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning, which inhibits complex IV, was enhanced synergistically by malonate, a mitochondrial complex II inhibitor, but not N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium or NaCN, complex I and IV inhibitors, respectively. No such enhancement appeared in the case of NaCN combined with malonate. Intrastriatal dopamine, which is involved in •OH production by malonate, did not synergistically enhance CO-induced •OH production. Diphenyleneiodonium, a nonselective NADPH oxidase inhibitor, partly suppressed the potentiation of CO-induced •OH production by malonate. Impairment of mitochondrial functions might potentiate oxidative stress and intensify CO toxicity in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumi Kuriiwa
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
| | - Masamune Kobayashi
- Department of Legal Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Hajime Mizukami
- Department of Legal Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Shuichi Hara
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan.
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Succinate Injection Rescues Vasculature and Improves Functional Recovery Following Acute Peripheral Ischemia in Rodents: A Multimodal Imaging Study. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040795. [PMID: 33918298 PMCID: PMC8066129 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Succinate influences angiogenesis and neovascularization via a hormonelike effect on G-protein-coupled receptor 91 (GPR91). This effect has been demonstrated in the pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy and rheumatoid arthritis. To evaluate whether succinate can play a role in acute peripheral ischemia, a preclinical study was conducted with ischemic mice treated with succinate or PBS and evaluated by imaging. Acute ischemia was followed by an increased in GPR91 expression in the ischemic muscle. As assessed with LASER-Doppler, succinate treatment resulted in an earlier and more intense reperfusion of the ischemic hindlimb compared to the control group (* p = 0.0189). A microPET study using a radiolabeled integrin ligand ([68Ga]Ga-RGD2) showed an earlier angiogenic activation in the succinate arm compared to control mice (* p = 0.020) with a prolonged effect. Additionally, clinical recovery following ischemia was better in the succinate group. In conclusion, succinate injection promotes earlier angiogenesis after ischemia, resulting in a more effective revascularization and subsequently a better functional recovery.
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Du B, Jia X, Tian W, Yan X, Wang N, Cai D, Li X, Zhang H, Jin M, Wu N, Qiu C, Zhang Q. Associations of SUCNR1, GRK4, CAMK1D gene polymorphisms and the susceptibility of type 2 diabetes mellitus and essential hypertension in a northern Chinese Han population. J Diabetes Complications 2021; 35:107752. [PMID: 33127268 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2020.107752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Diabetes mellitus and hypertension are both complex diseases that are caused by interactions among multiple genetic and physiological factors. To investigate the association of common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of SUCNR1, GRK4 and CAMK1D genes with the susceptibility of the two diseases in a northern Chinese Han population. METHODS 36 SNPs were genotyped in 2304 clinical patients (1152 type 2 diabetes mellitus, 1152 essential hypertension) and 1152 health controls by Sequenom Mass-ARRAY RS1000. RESULTS In this study, we found that BMI, blood press, pulse pressure, FBG, total cholesterol and triglycerides were associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and essential hypertension (EH). Three SNPs (SUCNR1: rs73168929; GRK4: rs1557213; CAMK1D: rs17151584) significantly associated with the susceptibility of T2DM and EH at the same time. Also, the susceptibility genotypes of 3 SNPs were significantly correlated with liver and renal function parameters. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to report that three SNPs (SUCNR1: rs73168929; GRK4: rs1557213; CAMK1D: rs17151584) contributed to the risk of T2DM and EH in a northern Chinese Han population. These results provide a favourable evidence for better understand of the underlying common mechanism of these two diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxin Du
- Institute of Medicine and Drug Research, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Xinhui Jia
- Institute of Medicine and Drug Research, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Wenqi Tian
- Institute of Medicine and Drug Research, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Xueqin Yan
- Institute of Medicine and Drug Research, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Ningning Wang
- Institute of Medicine and Drug Research, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Defu Cai
- Institute of Medicine and Drug Research, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Xueyan Li
- Institute of Medicine and Drug Research, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Institute of Medicine and Drug Research, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Ming Jin
- Institute of Medicine and Drug Research, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Institute of Medicine and Drug Research, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Changchun Qiu
- Institute of Medicine and Drug Research, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Institute of Medicine and Drug Research, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China.
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