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Feng X, Gao P, Li Y, Hui H, Jiang J, Xie F, Tian J. First magnetic particle imaging to assess pulmonary vascular leakage in vivo in the acutely injured and fibrotic lung. Bioeng Transl Med 2024; 9:e10626. [PMID: 38435827 PMCID: PMC10905553 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Increased pulmonary vascular permeability is a characteristic feature of lung injury. However, there are no established methods that allow the three-dimensional visualization and quantification of pulmonary vascular permeability in vivo. Evans blue extravasation test and total protein test of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) are permeability assays commonly used in research settings. However, they lack the ability to identify the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of endothelial barrier disruption, which is typical in lung injuries. Magnetic resonance (MR) and near-infrared (NIR) imaging have been proposed to image pulmonary permeability, but suffer from limited sensitivity and penetration depth, respectively. In this study, we report the first use of magnetic particle imaging (MPI) to assess pulmonary vascular leakage noninvasively in vivo in mice. A dextran-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO), synomag®, was employed as the imaging tracer, and pulmonary SPIO extravasation was imaged and quantified to evaluate the vascular leakage. Animal models of acute lung injury and pulmonary fibrosis (PF) were used to validate the proposed method. MPI sensitively detected the SPIO extravasation in both acutely injured and fibrotic lungs in vivo, which was confirmed by ex vivo imaging and Prussian blue staining. Moreover, 3D MPI illustrated the spatial heterogeneity of vascular leakage, which correlated well with CT findings. Based on the in vivo 3D MPI images, we defined the SPIO extravasation index (SEI) to quantify the vascular leakage. A significant increase in SEI was observed in the injured lungs, in consistent with the results obtained via ex vivo permeability assays. Overall, our results demonstrate that 3D quantitative MPI serves as a useful tool to examine pulmonary vascular integrity in vivo, which shows promise for future clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular ImagingInstitute of Automation, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Pengli Gao
- School of Biological Science and Medicine Engineering & School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang UniversityBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Big Data‐Based Precision Medicine (Beihang University)Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyBeijingChina
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yabin Li
- College of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Hui Hui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular ImagingInstitute of Automation, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jingying Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Big Data‐Based Precision Medicine (Beihang University)Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyBeijingChina
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Fei Xie
- College of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Jie Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular ImagingInstitute of Automation, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Big Data‐Based Precision Medicine (Beihang University)Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyBeijingChina
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang UniversityBeijingChina
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Batarchuk V, Shepelytskyi Y, Grynko V, Kovacs AH, Hodgson A, Rodriguez K, Aldossary R, Talwar T, Hasselbrink C, Ruset IC, DeBoef B, Albert MS. Hyperpolarized Xenon-129 Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (HyperCEST) Molecular Imaging: Achievements and Future Challenges. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1939. [PMID: 38339217 PMCID: PMC10856220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an emerging field that is set to revolutionize our perspective of disease diagnosis, treatment efficacy monitoring, and precision medicine in full concordance with personalized medicine. A wide range of hyperpolarized (HP) 129Xe biosensors have been recently developed, demonstrating their potential applications in molecular settings, and achieving notable success within in vitro studies. The favorable nuclear magnetic resonance properties of 129Xe, coupled with its non-toxic nature, high solubility in biological tissues, and capacity to dissolve in blood and diffuse across membranes, highlight its superior role for applications in molecular MRI settings. The incorporation of reporters that combine signal enhancement from both hyperpolarized 129Xe and chemical exchange saturation transfer holds the potential to address the primary limitation of low sensitivity observed in conventional MRI. This review provides a summary of the various applications of HP 129Xe biosensors developed over the last decade, specifically highlighting their use in MRI. Moreover, this paper addresses the evolution of in vivo applications of HP 129Xe, discussing its potential transition into clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoriia Batarchuk
- Chemistry Department, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada; (V.B.)
- Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 6V4, Canada
| | - Yurii Shepelytskyi
- Chemistry Department, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada; (V.B.)
- Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 6V4, Canada
| | - Vira Grynko
- Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 6V4, Canada
- Chemistry and Materials Science Program, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Antal Halen Kovacs
- Applied Life Science Program, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Aaron Hodgson
- Physics Program, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Karla Rodriguez
- Chemistry Department, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada; (V.B.)
| | - Ruba Aldossary
- Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 6V4, Canada
| | - Tanu Talwar
- Chemistry Department, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada; (V.B.)
| | - Carson Hasselbrink
- Chemistry & Biochemistry Department, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407-005, USA
| | | | - Brenton DeBoef
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Mitchell S. Albert
- Chemistry Department, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada; (V.B.)
- Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 6V4, Canada
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
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3
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Tang JM, McClennan A, Liu L, Hadway J, Ronald JA, Hicks JW, Hoffman L, Anazodo UC. A Protocol for Simultaneous In Vivo Imaging of Cardiac and Neuroinflammation in Dystrophin-Deficient MDX Mice Using [ 18F]FEPPA PET. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087522. [PMID: 37108685 PMCID: PMC10144317 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a neuromuscular disorder caused by dystrophin loss-notably within muscles and the central neurons system. DMD presents as cognitive weakness, progressive skeletal and cardiac muscle degeneration until pre-mature death from cardiac or respiratory failure. Innovative therapies have improved life expectancy; however, this is accompanied by increased late-onset heart failure and emergent cognitive degeneration. Thus, better assessment of dystrophic heart and brain pathophysiology is needed. Chronic inflammation is strongly associated with skeletal and cardiac muscle degeneration; however, neuroinflammation's role is largely unknown in DMD despite being prevalent in other neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we present an inflammatory marker translocator protein (TSPO) positron emission tomography (PET) protocol for in vivo concomitant assessment of immune cell response in hearts and brains of a dystrophin-deficient mouse model [mdx:utrn(+/-)]. Preliminary analysis of whole-body PET imaging using the TSPO radiotracer, [18F]FEPPA in four mdx:utrn(+/-) and six wildtype mice are presented with ex vivo TSPO-immunofluorescence tissue staining. The mdx:utrn(+/-) mice showed significant elevations in heart and brain [18F]FEPPA activity, which correlated with increased ex vivo fluorescence intensity, highlighting the potential of TSPO-PET to simultaneously assess presence of cardiac and neuroinflammation in dystrophic heart and brain, as well as in several organs within a DMD model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne M Tang
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 4V2, Canada
| | - Andrew McClennan
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 4V2, Canada
| | - Linshan Liu
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 4V2, Canada
| | - Jennifer Hadway
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 4V2, Canada
| | - John A Ronald
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Justin W Hicks
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 4V2, Canada
| | - Lisa Hoffman
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 4V2, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Udunna C Anazodo
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 4V2, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
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4
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Deng H, Li Xu, Ju J, Mo X, Ge G, Zhu X. Multifunctional nanoprobes for macrophage imaging. Biomaterials 2022; 290:121824. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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5
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Fe3O4/Graphene-Based Nanotheranostics for Bimodal Magnetic Resonance/Fluorescence Imaging and Cancer Therapy. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-022-02457-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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6
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Yang X, Shao G, Zhang Y, Wang W, Qi Y, Han S, Li H. Applications of Magnetic Particle Imaging in Biomedicine: Advancements and Prospects. Front Physiol 2022; 13:898426. [PMID: 35846005 PMCID: PMC9285659 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.898426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a novel emerging noninvasive and radiation-free imaging modality that can quantify superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles tracers. The zero endogenous tissue background signal and short image scanning times ensure high spatial and temporal resolution of MPI. In the context of precision medicine, the advantages of MPI provide a new strategy for the integration of the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. In this review, after a brief explanation of the simplified theory and imaging system, we focus on recent advances in the biomedical application of MPI, including vascular structure and perfusion imaging, cancer imaging, the MPI guidance of magnetic fluid hyperthermia, the visual monitoring of cell and drug treatments, and intraoperative navigation. We finally optimize MPI in terms of the system and tracers, and present future potential biomedical applications of MPI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yang
- Beijing You’an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Yanyan Zhang
- Beijing You’an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Beijing You’an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Qi
- Beijing You’an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Han
- Beijing You’an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongjun Li
- Beijing You’an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Hongjun Li,
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Altıntop MD, Sever B, Akalın Çiftçi G, Ertorun İ, Alataş Ö, Özdemir A. A new series of thiosemicarbazone-based anti-inflammatory agents exerting their action through cyclooxygenase inhibition. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2200136. [PMID: 35606682 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In an endeavor to identify potent anti-inflammatory agents, new thiosemicarbazones (TSCs) incorporated into a diaryl ether framework (2a-2l) were prepared and screened for their in vitro inhibitory effects on cyclooxygenases (COXs). 4-[4-(Piperidin-1-ylsulfonyl)phenyl]-1-[4-(4-cyanophenoxy)benzylidene]thiosemicarbazide (2c) was the most potent and selective COX-1 inhibitor in this series, with an IC50 value of 1.89 ± 0.04 µM. On the other hand, 4-[4-(piperidin-1-ylsulfonyl)phenyl]-1-[4-(4-nitrophenoxy)benzylidene]thiosemicarbazide (2b) was identified as a nonselective COX inhibitor (COX-1 IC50 = 13.44 ± 0.65 µM, COX-2 IC50 = 12.60 ± 0.78 µM). Based on molecular docking studies, the diaryl ether and the TSC groups serve as crucial moieties for interactions with pivotal amino acid residues in the active sites of COXs. According to MTT test, compounds 2b and 2c showed low cytotoxic activity toward NIH/3T3 cells. Their in vivo anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potencies were also assessed using the lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis model. Compounds 2b and 2c diminished high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, myeloperoxidase, nitric oxide, and malondialdehyde levels. Both compounds also caused a significant decrease in aspartate aminotransferase levels as well as alanine aminotransferase levels. In silico pharmacokinetic studies suggest that compounds 2b and 2c possess favorable drug-likeness and oral bioavailability. It can be concluded that these compounds may act as orally bioavailable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehlika D Altıntop
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Belgin Sever
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Gülşen Akalın Çiftçi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - İpek Ertorun
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Özkan Alataş
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Özdemir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
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8
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TNF is a potential therapeutic target to suppress prostatic inflammation and hyperplasia in autoimmune disease. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2133. [PMID: 35440548 PMCID: PMC9018703 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29719-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune (AI) diseases can affect many organs; however, the prostate has not been considered to be a primary target of these systemic inflammatory processes. Here, we utilize medical record data, patient samples, and in vivo models to evaluate the impact of inflammation, as seen in AI diseases, on prostate tissue. Human and mouse tissues are used to examine whether systemic targeting of inflammation limits prostatic inflammation and hyperplasia. Evaluation of 112,152 medical records indicates that benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) prevalence is significantly higher among patients with AI diseases. Furthermore, treating these patients with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-antagonists significantly decreases BPH incidence. Single-cell RNA-seq and in vitro assays suggest that macrophage-derived TNF stimulates BPH-derived fibroblast proliferation. TNF blockade significantly reduces epithelial hyperplasia, NFκB activation, and macrophage-mediated inflammation within prostate tissues. Together, these studies show that patients with AI diseases have a heightened susceptibility to BPH and that reducing inflammation with a therapeutic agent can suppress BPH.
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9
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Graphene-Based Biosensors for Molecular Chronic Inflammatory Disease Biomarker Detection. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12040244. [PMID: 35448304 PMCID: PMC9030187 DOI: 10.3390/bios12040244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory diseases, such as cancer, diabetes mellitus, stroke, ischemic heart diseases, neurodegenerative conditions, and COVID-19 have had a high number of deaths worldwide in recent years. The accurate detection of the biomarkers for chronic inflammatory diseases can significantly improve diagnosis, as well as therapy and clinical care in patients. Graphene derivative materials (GDMs), such as pristine graphene (G), graphene oxide (GO), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), have shown tremendous benefits for biosensing and in the development of novel biosensor devices. GDMs exhibit excellent chemical, electrical and mechanical properties, good biocompatibility, and the facility of surface modification for biomolecular recognition, opening new opportunities for simple, accurate, and sensitive detection of biomarkers. This review shows the recent advances, properties, and potentialities of GDMs for developing robust biosensors. We show the main electrochemical and optical-sensing methods based on GDMs, as well as their design and manufacture in order to integrate them into robust, wearable, remote, and smart biosensors devices. We also describe the current application of such methods and technologies for the biosensing of chronic disease biomarkers. We also describe the current application of such methods and technologies for the biosensing of chronic disease biomarkers with improved sensitivity, reaching limits of detection from the nano to atto range concentration.
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van den Wyngaert T, de Schepper S, Elvas F, Seyedinia SS, Beheshti M. Positron emission tomography-magnetic resonance imaging as a research tool in musculoskeletal conditions. THE QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE ITALIAN ASSOCIATION OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE (AIMN) [AND] THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF RADIOPHARMACOLOGY (IAR), [AND] SECTION OF THE SOCIETY OF... 2022; 66:15-30. [PMID: 35005878 DOI: 10.23736/s1824-4785.22.03434-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Compared to positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), the uptake of PET- magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been slow, even more so in clinical practice compared to the (pre-)clinical research setting. However, for applications in musculoskeletal (MSK) research, the combination of PET and MRI into a single modality offers attractive advantages over other imaging modalities. Most importantly, MRI has exquisite soft-tissue detail without the use of contrast agents or ionizing radiation, superior bone marrow visualization, and an extensive spectrum of distinct multiparametric assessment methods. In the preclinical setting, the introduction of PET inserts for small-animal MRI machines has proven to be a successful concept in bringing this technology to the lab. Initial hurdles in quantification have been mainly overcome in this setting. In parallel, a promising range of radiochemistry techniques has been developed to create multimodality probes that offer the possibility of simultaneously querying different metabolic pathways. Not only will these applications help in elucidating disease mechanisms, but they can also facilitate drug development. The clinical applications of PET/MRI in MSK are still limited, but encouraging initial results with novel radiotracers suggest a high potential for use in various MSK conditions, including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and inflammation and infection. Further innovations will be required to bring down the cost of PET/MRI to justify a broader clinical implementation, and remaining issues with quality control and standardization also need to be addressed. Nevertheless, PET/MRI is a powerful platform for MSK research with distinct qualities that are not offered by other techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim van den Wyngaert
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium -
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (MICA), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium -
- Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium -
| | - Stijn de Schepper
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (MICA), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Filipe Elvas
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (MICA), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Seyedeh S Seyedinia
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrinology, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Mohsen Beheshti
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrinology, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
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11
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Ahmad HA, Baker JF, Conaghan PG, Emery P, Huizinga TWJ, Elbez Y, Banerjee S, Østergaard M. Prediction of flare following remission and treatment withdrawal in early rheumatoid arthritis: post hoc analysis of a phase IIIb trial with abatacept. Arthritis Res Ther 2022; 24:47. [PMID: 35172859 PMCID: PMC8848810 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-022-02735-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Drug-free remission is a desirable goal in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) for both patients and clinicians. The aim of this post hoc analysis was to investigate whether clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) variables in patients with early RA who achieved remission with methotrexate and/or abatacept at 12 months could predict disease flare following treatment withdrawal. Methods In the AVERT study of abatacept in early RA, patients with low disease activity at month 12 entered a 12-month period with all treatment discontinued (withdrawal, WD). This post hoc analysis assessed predictors of disease flare at WD+6months (mo) and WD+12mo of patients with Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28)-defined remission (DAS28[C-reactive protein (CRP)] <2.6) at withdrawal using univariate and multivariable regression models. Predictors investigated included the Health Assessment Questionnaire–Disability Index (HAQ-DI), pain, Patient Global Assessment; MRI synovitis, erosion, bone edema, and combined (synovitis + bone edema) inflammation scores. Results Remission was achieved by 172 patients; 100 (58%) and 113 (66%) patients had experienced a flare at WD+6mo and WD+12mo, respectively. In univariate analyses, higher HAQ-DI and MRI synovitis, erosion, bone edema, and combined inflammation scores at WD were identified as potential predictors of flare (P ≤ 0.01). In multivariable analysis, high scores at WD for HAQ-DI and MRI erosion were confirmed as independent predictors of flare at WD+6mo and WD+12mo (P < 0.01). Conclusion In patients with early RA achieving clinical remission, patient function (HAQ-DI), and MRI measures of bone damage (erosion) predicted disease flare 6 and 12 months after treatment withdrawal. These variables may help identify patients with early RA in clinical remission as candidates for successful treatment withdrawal. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01142726 (date of registration: June 11, 2010) Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13075-022-02735-8.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joshua F Baker
- Philadelphia Veteran's Administration Medical Center and the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Philip G Conaghan
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK
| | - Paul Emery
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK
| | | | | | | | - Mikkel Østergaard
- Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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12
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Maffia P, Antoniades C, Ahluwalia A, Cirino G. Molecular imaging-The first visual themed issue published in the British Journal of Pharmacology. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 178:4213-4215. [PMID: 34664273 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Maffia
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Charalambos Antoniades
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Amrita Ahluwalia
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, London, UK
| | - Giuseppe Cirino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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13
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Wang E, Cesano A, Butterfield LH, Marincola F. Improving the therapeutic index in adoptive cell therapy: key factors that impact efficacy. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 8:jitc-2020-001619. [PMID: 33023983 PMCID: PMC7539608 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic index (TI) is a quantitative assessment of a drug safety proportional to its effectiveness. The estimation is intuitive when the engagement of the product with its target is dependent on stable chemistry and predictable pharmacokinetics as is the case for small molecules or antibodies. But for therapeutics with complex biodistribution and context-dependent potency such as adoptive cell therapy (ACT) products, TI estimations need to consider a broader array of factors. These include product-dependent variability such as functional fitness, unpredictable pharmacokinetics due to non-specific trapping, sequestration and extravasation into normal tissues and variable rates of in vivo expansion. In the case of solid malignancies, additional modifiers dependent on individual tumor immune biology may affect pharmacodynamics, including differential trafficking to benign compared with cancer tissue, hampered engagement with target cells, immune suppression and cellular dysfunction due to unfavorable metabolic conditions. Here, we propose a patient-specific assessment of factors affecting on-tumor from off-tumor activity in disparate immunologic environments that impact ACT’s clinical efficacy and may favorably balance the TI. for ACT products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ena Wang
- Allogene Therapeutics, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Lisa H Butterfield
- Research, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, California, USA.,Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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14
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Nandi D, Farid NSS, Karuppiah HAR, Kulkarni A. Imaging Approaches to Monitor Inflammasome Activation. J Mol Biol 2021; 434:167251. [PMID: 34537231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are a critical component of innate immune response which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of various chronic and acute inflammatory disease conditions. An inflammasome complex consists of a multimeric protein assembly triggered by any form of pathogenic or sterile insult, resulting in caspase-1 activation. This active enzyme is further known to activate downstream pro-inflammatory cytokines along with a pore-forming protein, eventually leading to a lytic cell death called pyroptosis. Understanding the spatiotemporal kinetics of essential inflammasome components provides a better interpretation of the complex signaling underlying inflammation during several disease pathologies. This can be attained via in-vitro and in-vivo imaging platforms, which not only provide a basic understanding of molecular signaling but are also crucial to develop and screen targeted therapeutics. To date, numerous studies have reported platforms to image different signaling components participating in inflammasome activation. Here, we review several elements of inflammasome signaling, a common molecular mechanism combining these elements and their respective imaging tools. We anticipate that future needs will include developing new inflammasome imaging systems that can be utilized as clinical tools for diagnostics and monitoring treatment responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipika Nandi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA; Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA. https://twitter.com/dipikanandi24
| | - Noorul Shaheen Sheikh Farid
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA. https://twitter.com/Shaheen30n
| | - Hayat Anu Ranjani Karuppiah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA. https://twitter.com/AnuHayat
| | - Ashish Kulkarni
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA; Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA; Center for Bioactive Delivery, Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
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15
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MacRitchie N, Noonan J, Guzik TJ, Maffia P. Molecular Imaging of Cardiovascular Inflammation. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 178:4216-4245. [PMID: 34378206 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including atherosclerosis, are chronic inflammatory diseases characterised by a complex and evolving tissue micro-environment. Molecular heterogeneity of inflammatory responses translates into clinical outcomes. However, current medical imaging modalities are unable to reveal the cellular and molecular events at a level of detail that would allow more accurate and timely diagnosis and treatment. This is an inherent limitation of the current imaging tools which are restricted to anatomical or functional data. Molecular imaging - the visualization and quantification of molecules in the body - is already established in the clinic in the form of Positron Emitted Tomography (PET), yet the use of PET in CVD is limited. In this visual review, we will guide you through the current state of molecular imaging research, assessing the respective strengths and weaknesses of molecular imaging modalities, including those already being used in the clinic such as PET and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and emerging technologies at pre-clinical stage, such as photoacoustic imaging. We discuss the basic principles of each technology and provide key examples of their application in imaging inflammation in CVD and the added value into the diagnostic decision-making process. Finally, we discuss barriers for rapid successful clinical translation of these novel diagnostic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil MacRitchie
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Kraków, Poland
| | - Pasquale Maffia
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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16
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Jirak D, Svoboda J, Filipová M, Pop-Georgievski O, Sedlacek O. Antifouling fluoropolymer-coated nanomaterials for 19F MRI. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:4718-4721. [PMID: 33977988 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00642h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We developed a multifunctional polymer coating for nanoparticles (NPs) that enables simultaneous detection by 19F MRI and shielding from blood plasma fouling. The coating is based on a water-soluble fluorinated poly(N-(2-fluoroethyl)acrylamide) (PFEAM) that shows high 19F MRI sensitivity, cytocompatibility and excellent antifouling properties, significantly outperforming polyethylene glycol. A proof-of-concept experiment was performed by synthesizing polymer-coated gold NPs that were successfully visualized by 19F MRI at magnetic fields close to the fields used in clinical practice. This universal approach can be used for coating and tracing of various NPs upon suitable polymer chain-end modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Jirak
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague 140 21, Czech Republic and Department of Science and Research, Faculty of Health Studies, Technical University of Liberec, Liberec 461 17, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Svoboda
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 6 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Filipová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 6 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Ognen Pop-Georgievski
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 6 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Sedlacek
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague 2 128 40, Czech Republic.
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17
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MacRitchie N, Di Francesco V, Ferreira MFMM, Guzik TJ, Decuzzi P, Maffia P. Nanoparticle theranostics in cardiovascular inflammation. Semin Immunol 2021; 56:101536. [PMID: 34862118 PMCID: PMC8811479 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2021.101536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Theranostics, literally derived from the combination of the words diagnostics and therapy, is an emerging field of clinical and preclinical research, where contrast agents, drugs and diagnostic techniques are combined to simultaneously diagnose and treat pathologies. Nanoparticles are extensively employed in theranostics due to their potential to target specific organs and their multifunctional capacity. In this review, we will discuss the current state of theranostic nanomedicine, providing key examples of its application in the imaging and treatment of cardiovascular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil MacRitchie
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
| | - Valentina Di Francesco
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paolo Decuzzi
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
| | - Pasquale Maffia
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
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18
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Billings C, Langley M, Warrington G, Mashali F, Johnson JA. Magnetic Particle Imaging: Current and Future Applications, Magnetic Nanoparticle Synthesis Methods and Safety Measures. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147651. [PMID: 34299271 PMCID: PMC8306580 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have a wide range of applications; an area of particular interest is magnetic particle imaging (MPI). MPI is an imaging modality that utilizes superparamagnetic iron oxide particles (SPIONs) as tracer particles to produce highly sensitive and specific images in a broad range of applications, including cardiovascular, neuroimaging, tumor imaging, magnetic hyperthermia and cellular tracking. While there are hurdles to overcome, including accessibility of products, and an understanding of safety and toxicity profiles, MPI has the potential to revolutionize research and clinical biomedical imaging. This review will explore a brief history of MPI, MNP synthesis methods, current and future applications, and safety concerns associated with this newly emerging imaging modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Billings
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;
| | - Mitchell Langley
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (M.L.); (G.W.); (F.M.)
| | - Gavin Warrington
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (M.L.); (G.W.); (F.M.)
| | - Farzin Mashali
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (M.L.); (G.W.); (F.M.)
| | - Jacqueline Anne Johnson
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee Space Institute, Tullahoma, TN 37388, USA
- Correspondence:
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19
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Liu N, Chen X, Kimm MA, Stechele M, Chen X, Zhang Z, Wildgruber M, Ma X. In vivo optical molecular imaging of inflammation and immunity. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:1385-1398. [PMID: 34272967 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02115-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is the phenotypic form of various diseases. Recent development in molecular imaging provides new insights into the diagnostic and therapeutic evaluation of different inflammatory diseases as well as diseases involving inflammation such as cancer. While conventional imaging techniques used in the clinical setting provide only indirect measures of inflammation such as increased perfusion and altered endothelial permeability, optical imaging is able to report molecular information on diseased tissue and cells. Optical imaging is a quick, noninvasive, nonionizing, and easy-to-use diagnostic technology which has been successfully applied for preclinical research. Further development of optical imaging technology such as optoacoustic imaging overcomes the limitations of mere fluorescence imaging, thereby enabling pilot clinical applications in humans. By means of endogenous and exogenous contrast agents, sites of inflammation can be accurately visualized in vivo. This allows for early disease detection and specific disease characterization, enabling more rapid and targeted therapeutic interventions. In this review, we summarize currently available optical imaging techniques used to detect inflammation, including optical coherence tomography (OCT), bioluminescence, fluorescence, optoacoustics, and Raman spectroscopy. We discuss advantages and disadvantages of the different in vivo imaging applications with a special focus on targeting inflammation including immune cell tracking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Xiao Chen
- Klinik und Poliklinik IV, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie A Kimm
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81337, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Stechele
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81337, Munich, Germany
| | - Xueli Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, China
| | - Zhimin Zhang
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China
| | - Moritz Wildgruber
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81337, Munich, Germany
| | - Xiaopeng Ma
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China.
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20
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Human Saliva as a Diagnostic Specimen for Early Detection of Inflammatory Biomarkers by Real-Time RT-PCR. Inflammation 2021; 44:1713-1723. [PMID: 34031776 PMCID: PMC8143742 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01484-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays human saliva is more frequently studied as a non-invasive, stress-free, and preferable diagnostic material than blood. Supporting evidences acknowledge saliva as a mirror that reflects the body’s physical state. Numerous studies have also demonstrated the presence and use of RNA derived from saliva in the early diagnosis of disease by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Assessing the host inflammatory response in patients and its resolution at an early stage can serve as a prognostic and predictive method in determining therapeutic response or disease progression. In this context, the potential of saliva as a specimen to diagnose early inflammatory biomarkers using RT-PCR seems fascinating and useful. Here, we review inflammatory biomarkers within the saliva, focusing on early detection of these biomarkers using RT-PCR and the factors influencing the quality of saliva specimen.
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21
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Rivera-Rodriguez A, Rinaldi-Ramos CM. Emerging Biomedical Applications Based on the Response of Magnetic Nanoparticles to Time-Varying Magnetic Fields. Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng 2021; 12:163-185. [PMID: 33856937 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-102720-015630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles are of interest for biomedical applications because of their biocompatibility, tunable surface chemistry, and actuation using applied magnetic fields. Magnetic nanoparticles respond to time-varying magnetic fields via physical particle rotation or internal dipole reorientation, which can result in signal generation or conversion of magnetic energy to heat. This dynamic magnetization response enables their use as tracers in magnetic particle imaging (MPI), an emerging biomedical imaging modality in which signal is quantitative of tracer mass and there is no tissue background signal or signal attenuation. Conversion of magnetic energy to heat motivates use in nanoscale thermal cancer therapy, magnetic actuation of drug release, and rapid rewarming of cryopreserved organs. This review introduces basic concepts of magnetic nanoparticle response to time-varying magnetic fields and presents recent advances in the field, with an emphasis on MPI and conversion of magnetic energy to heat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelie Rivera-Rodriguez
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA; ,
| | - Carlos M Rinaldi-Ramos
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA; , .,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
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22
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Toczek J, Boodagh P, Sanzida N, Ghim M, Salarian M, Gona K, Kukreja G, Rajendran S, Wei L, Han J, Zhang J, Jung JJ, Graham M, Liu X, Sadeghi MM. Computed tomography imaging of macrophage phagocytic activity in abdominal aortic aneurysm. Theranostics 2021; 11:5876-5888. [PMID: 33897887 PMCID: PMC8058712 DOI: 10.7150/thno.55106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays a major role in the pathogenesis of several vascular pathologies, including abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Evaluating the role of inflammation in AAA pathobiology and potentially outcome in vivo requires non-invasive tools for high-resolution imaging. We investigated the feasibility of X-ray computed tomography (CT) imaging of phagocytic activity using nanoparticle contrast agents to predict AAA outcome. Methods: Uptake of several nanoparticle CT contrast agents was evaluated in a macrophage cell line. The most promising agent, Exitron nano 12000, was further characterized in vitro and used for subsequent in vivo testing. AAA was induced in Apoe-/- mice through angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion for up to 4 weeks. Nanoparticle biodistribution and uptake in AAA were evaluated by CT imaging in Ang II-infused Apoe-/- mice. After imaging, the aortic tissue was harvested and used from morphometry, transmission electron microscopy and gene expression analysis. A group of Ang II-infused Apoe-/- mice underwent nanoparticle-enhanced CT imaging within the first week of Ang II infusion, and their survival and aortic external diameter were evaluated at 4 weeks to address the value of vessel wall CT enhancement in predicting AAA outcome. Results: Exitron nano 12000 showed specific uptake in macrophages in vitro. Nanoparticle accumulation was observed by CT imaging in tissues rich in mononuclear phagocytes. Aortic wall enhancement was detectable on delayed CT images following nanoparticle administration and correlated with vessel wall CD68 expression. Transmission electron microscopy ascertained the presence of nanoparticles in AAA adventitial macrophages. Nanoparticle-induced CT enhancement on images obtained within one week of AAA induction was predictive of AAA outcome at 4 weeks. Conclusions: By establishing the feasibility of CT-based molecular imaging of phagocytic activity in AAA, this study links the inflammatory signal on early time point images to AAA evolution. This readily available technology overcomes an important barrier to cross-sectional, longitudinal and outcome studies, not only in AAA, but also in other cardiovascular pathologies and facilitates the evaluation of modulatory interventions, and ultimately upon clinical translation, patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Toczek
- Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (USA)
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT (USA)
| | - Parnaz Boodagh
- Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (USA)
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT (USA)
| | - Nowshin Sanzida
- Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (USA)
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT (USA)
| | - Mean Ghim
- Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (USA)
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT (USA)
| | - Mani Salarian
- Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (USA)
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT (USA)
| | - Kiran Gona
- Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (USA)
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT (USA)
| | - Gunjan Kukreja
- Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (USA)
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT (USA)
| | - Saranya Rajendran
- Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (USA)
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT (USA)
| | - Linyan Wei
- Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (USA)
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT (USA)
| | - Jinah Han
- Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (USA)
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT (USA)
| | - Jiasheng Zhang
- Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (USA)
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT (USA)
| | - Jae-Joon Jung
- Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (USA)
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT (USA)
| | - Morven Graham
- CCMI Electron Microscopy Core Facility, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (USA)
| | - Xinran Liu
- CCMI Electron Microscopy Core Facility, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (USA)
| | - Mehran M. Sadeghi
- Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (USA)
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT (USA)
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23
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Anderson S, Grist JT, Lewis A, Tyler DJ. Hyperpolarized 13 C magnetic resonance imaging for noninvasive assessment of tissue inflammation. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4460. [PMID: 33291188 PMCID: PMC7900961 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a central mechanism underlying numerous diseases and incorporates multiple known and potential future therapeutic targets. However, progress in developing novel immunomodulatory therapies has been slowed by a need for improvement in noninvasive biomarkers to accurately monitor the initiation, development and resolution of immune responses as well as their response to therapies. Hyperpolarized magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an emerging molecular imaging technique with the potential to assess immune cell responses by exploiting characteristic metabolic reprogramming in activated immune cells to support their function. Using specific metabolic tracers, hyperpolarized MRI can be used to produce detailed images of tissues producing lactate, a key metabolic signature in activated immune cells. This method has the potential to further our understanding of inflammatory processes across different diseases in human subjects as well as in preclinical models. This review discusses the application of hyperpolarized MRI to the imaging of inflammation, as well as the progress made towards the clinical translation of this emerging technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Anderson
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - James T. Grist
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Department of Radiology, The Churchill HospitalOxford University Hospitals TrustHeadingtonUK
| | - Andrew Lewis
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Damian J. Tyler
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
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24
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Jones MA, MacCuaig WM, Frickenstein AN, Camalan S, Gurcan MN, Holter-Chakrabarty J, Morris KT, McNally MW, Booth KK, Carter S, Grizzle WE, McNally LR. Molecular Imaging of Inflammatory Disease. Biomedicines 2021; 9:152. [PMID: 33557374 PMCID: PMC7914540 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory diseases include a wide variety of highly prevalent conditions with high mortality rates in severe cases ranging from cardiovascular disease, to rheumatoid arthritis, to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, to graft vs. host disease, to a number of gastrointestinal disorders. Many diseases that are not considered inflammatory per se are associated with varying levels of inflammation. Imaging of the immune system and inflammatory response is of interest as it can give insight into disease progression and severity. Clinical imaging technologies such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are traditionally limited to the visualization of anatomical information; then, the presence or absence of an inflammatory state must be inferred from the structural abnormalities. Improvement in available contrast agents has made it possible to obtain functional information as well as anatomical. In vivo imaging of inflammation ultimately facilitates an improved accuracy of diagnostics and monitoring of patients to allow for better patient care. Highly specific molecular imaging of inflammatory biomarkers allows for earlier diagnosis to prevent irreversible damage. Advancements in imaging instruments, targeted tracers, and contrast agents represent a rapidly growing area of preclinical research with the hopes of quick translation to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith A. Jones
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA; (M.A.J.); (W.M.M.); (A.N.F.)
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (J.H.-C.); (K.T.M.); (M.W.M.); (K.K.B.); (S.C.)
| | - William M. MacCuaig
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA; (M.A.J.); (W.M.M.); (A.N.F.)
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (J.H.-C.); (K.T.M.); (M.W.M.); (K.K.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Alex N. Frickenstein
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA; (M.A.J.); (W.M.M.); (A.N.F.)
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (J.H.-C.); (K.T.M.); (M.W.M.); (K.K.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Seda Camalan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; (S.C.); (M.N.G.)
| | - Metin N. Gurcan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; (S.C.); (M.N.G.)
| | - Jennifer Holter-Chakrabarty
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (J.H.-C.); (K.T.M.); (M.W.M.); (K.K.B.); (S.C.)
- Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Katherine T. Morris
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (J.H.-C.); (K.T.M.); (M.W.M.); (K.K.B.); (S.C.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Molly W. McNally
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (J.H.-C.); (K.T.M.); (M.W.M.); (K.K.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Kristina K. Booth
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (J.H.-C.); (K.T.M.); (M.W.M.); (K.K.B.); (S.C.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Steven Carter
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (J.H.-C.); (K.T.M.); (M.W.M.); (K.K.B.); (S.C.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - William E. Grizzle
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Lacey R. McNally
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (J.H.-C.); (K.T.M.); (M.W.M.); (K.K.B.); (S.C.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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Saccu G, Menchise V, Giordano C, Delli Castelli D, Dastrù W, Pellicano R, Tolosano E, Van Pham P, Altruda F, Fagoonee S. Regenerative Approaches and Future Trends for the Treatment of Corneal Burn Injuries. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10020317. [PMID: 33467167 PMCID: PMC7830803 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10020317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocular chemical and thermal burns are frequent causes of hospitalization and require immediate interventions and care. Various surgical and pharmacological treatment strategies are employed according to damage severity. Controlling inflammation and neovascularization while promoting normal ocular surface anatomy and function restoration is the principal aim. In the most severe cases, when epithelial healing is severely affected, reconstruction of the ocular surface may be a valid option, which, however, requires expertise, adequate instruments, and qualified donors. Numerous endogenous and exogenous strategies have been considered for corneal repair. Among these, stem cells and their derivatives have offered numerous attractive possibilities in finding an effective way in stimulating corneal regeneration. Limbal epithelial stem cells and mesenchymal cells from the ocular tissue as well as from various sources have demonstrated their effectiveness in dampening neovascularization, scarring, and inflammation, while promoting epithelialization of the injured cornea. Moreover, a plethora of cytokines and growth factors, and extracellular vesicles, which constitute the secretome of these cells, work in concert to enhance wound healing. In this review, we provide an update on the recent potential therapeutic avenues and clinical applications of stem cells and their products in corneal regeneration after burn injury, as well as current imaging strategies for monitoring therapeutic efficacy and damage resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Saccu
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (G.S.); (D.D.C.); (W.D.); (E.T.)
| | - Valeria Menchise
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council, Molecular Biotechnology Center, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Correspondence: (V.M.); (F.A.); (S.F.); Tel.: +39-0116706423 (S.F.)
| | - Cristina Giordano
- Ophthalmology Veterinary Practice, c.so Galileo Ferraris 121, 10126 Turin, Italy;
| | - Daniela Delli Castelli
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (G.S.); (D.D.C.); (W.D.); (E.T.)
| | - Walter Dastrù
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (G.S.); (D.D.C.); (W.D.); (E.T.)
| | | | - Emanuela Tolosano
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (G.S.); (D.D.C.); (W.D.); (E.T.)
| | - Phuc Van Pham
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Application, and Stem Cell Institute, VNUHCM University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City 08000, Vietnam;
| | - Fiorella Altruda
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (G.S.); (D.D.C.); (W.D.); (E.T.)
- Correspondence: (V.M.); (F.A.); (S.F.); Tel.: +39-0116706423 (S.F.)
| | - Sharmila Fagoonee
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council, Molecular Biotechnology Center, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Correspondence: (V.M.); (F.A.); (S.F.); Tel.: +39-0116706423 (S.F.)
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Henderson I, Caiazzo E, McSharry C, Guzik TJ, Maffia P. Why do some asthma patients respond poorly to glucocorticoid therapy? Pharmacol Res 2020; 160:105189. [PMID: 32911071 PMCID: PMC7672256 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticosteroids are the first-line therapy for controlling airway inflammation in asthma. They bind intracellular glucocorticoid receptors to trigger increased expression of anti-inflammatory genes and suppression of pro-inflammatory gene activation in asthmatic airways. In the majority of asthma patients, inhaled glucocorticoids are clinically efficacious, improving lung function and preventing exacerbations. However, 5–10 % of the asthmatic population respond poorly to high dose inhaled and then systemic glucocorticoids. These patients form a category of severe asthma associated with poor quality of life, increased morbidity and mortality, and constitutes a major societal and health care burden. Inadequate therapeutic responses to glucocorticoid treatment is also reported in other inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease; however, asthma represents the most studied steroid-refractory disease. Several cellular and molecular events underlying glucocorticoid resistance in asthma have been identified involving abnormalities of glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathways. These events have been strongly related to immunological dysregulation, genetic, and environmental factors such as cigarette smoking or respiratory infections. A better understanding of the multiple mechanisms associated with glucocorticoid insensitivity in asthma phenotypes could improve quality of life for people with asthma but would also provide transferrable knowledge for other inflammatory diseases. In this review, we provide an update on the molecular mechanisms behind steroid-refractory asthma. Additionally, we discuss some therapeutic options for treating those asthmatic patients who respond poorly to glucocorticoid therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishbel Henderson
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Elisabetta Caiazzo
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Charles McSharry
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Kraków, Poland
| | - Pasquale Maffia
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
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