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Mao L, Liu L, Li J, Yang X, Xu X, Liu M, Zhang Y, Wei W, Chen J. Ginsenoside compound K plays an anti-inflammatory effect without inducing glucose metabolism disorder in adjuvant-induced arthritis rats. Food Funct 2024; 15:6475-6487. [PMID: 38804652 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo01460j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Ginsenoside compound K (GCK) possesses a glucocorticoid (GC)-like structure and functions as an agonist of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), thereby exerting anti-inflammatory effects through GR activation. However, it remains unclear whether GCK leads to hyperglycemia, which is a known adverse reaction associated with classical GCs. In this study, we have successfully demonstrated that GCK exerts its anti-inflammatory effects in a rat model of adjuvant arthritis without impacting gluconeogenesis and pentose phosphate pathways, thus avoiding any glucose metabolism disorders. By employing the GR mutant plasmid, we have identified the binding site between GCK and GR as GRM560T, which differs from the binding site shared by dexamethasone (DEX) and GR. Notably, compared to DEX, GCK induces distinct levels of phosphorylation at S211 on GR upon binding to activate steroid receptor coactivator 1 (SRC1)-a co-factor responsible for mediating anti-inflammatory effects-while not engaging peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α)-an associated coactivator involved in gluconeogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Mao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine of Education Ministry, Anhui Cooperative Innovation Center for Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs, Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Lili Liu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine of Education Ministry, Anhui Cooperative Innovation Center for Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs, Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Jun Li
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine of Education Ministry, Anhui Cooperative Innovation Center for Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs, Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Xingyue Yang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine of Education Ministry, Anhui Cooperative Innovation Center for Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs, Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Xiujin Xu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine of Education Ministry, Anhui Cooperative Innovation Center for Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs, Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Mengxue Liu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine of Education Ministry, Anhui Cooperative Innovation Center for Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs, Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Yanqiu Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine of Education Ministry, Anhui Cooperative Innovation Center for Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs, Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine of Education Ministry, Anhui Cooperative Innovation Center for Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs, Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Jingyu Chen
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine of Education Ministry, Anhui Cooperative Innovation Center for Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs, Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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Li H, Ch'ih Y, Li M, Luo Y, Liu H, Xu J, Song W, Ma Q, Shao Z. Newborn screening for G6PD deficiency in HeFei, FuYang and AnQing, China: Prevalence, cut-off value, variant spectrum. J Med Biochem 2024; 43:86-96. [PMID: 38496015 PMCID: PMC10943458 DOI: 10.5937/jomb0-43078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is an X-linked recessive Mendelian genetic disorder characterized by neonatal jaundice and hemolytic anemia, affecting more than 400 million people worldwide. The purpose of this research was to investigate prevalence rates of G6PD deficiency and to evaluate and establish specific cut-off values in early prediction of G6PD deficiency by regions (HeFei, FuYang, AnQing) on different seasons, as well as to investigate the frequencies of G6PD gene mutations among three regions mentioned above. Methods A total of 31,482 neonates (21,402, 7680, and 2340 for HeFei, FuYang, and AnQing cities, respectively) were recruited. Positive subjects were recalled to attend genetic tests for diagnosis. G6PD activity on the Genetic screening processor (GSP analyzer, 2021-0010) was measured following the manufactureržs protocol. The cut-off value was first set to 35 U/dL. The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was employed to assess and compare the efficiency in predicting G6PD deficiency among HeFei, FuYang, and AnQing cities in different seasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- HeFei Women and Children Medical Care Center, HeFei City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yah Ch'ih
- Zhejiang Biosan Biochemical Technologies Co., Ltd, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Meiling Li
- HeFei Women and Children Medical Care Center, HeFei City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yulei Luo
- FuYang Maternal and Child Health Family Planning Service Center, FuYang City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Hao Liu
- AnQing Maternal and Child Health Family Planning Service Center, AnQing City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Junyang Xu
- HeFei Women and Children Medical Care Center, HeFei City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Wangsheng Song
- HeFei Women and Children Medical Care Center, HeFei City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Qingqing Ma
- HeFei Women and Children Medical Care Center, HeFei City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ziyu Shao
- HeFei Women and Children Medical Care Center, HeFei City, Anhui Province, China
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Wang C, Yu C, Chang H, Song J, Zhang S, Zhao J, Wang J, Wang T, Qi Q, Shan C. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase: a therapeutic target for ovarian cancer. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2023; 27:733-743. [PMID: 37571851 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2247558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ovarian cancer (OC) is a gynecological tumor disease, which is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage and has a poor prognosis. It has been established that the glucose metabolism rate of cancer cells is significantly higher than that of normal cells, and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is an important branch pathway for glucose metabolism. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is the key rate-limiting enzyme in the PPP, which plays an important role in the initiation and development of cancer (such as OC), and has been considered as a promisinganti-cancer target. AREAS COVERED In this review, based on the structure and biological function of G6PD, recent research on the roles of G6PD in the progression, metastasis, and chemoresistance of OC are summarized and accompanied by proposed molecular mechanisms, which may provide a systematic understanding of targeting G6PD for the treatment of patients with OC. EXPERT OPINION Accumulating evidence demonstrates that G6PD is a promising target of cancer. The development of G6PD inhibitors for cancer treatment merits broad application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenxi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongkai Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiaqi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianguo Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of human development and reproductive regulation, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of human development and reproductive regulation, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Qi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Clinical Translational Center for Targeted Drug, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changliang Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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Sun B, Li Q, Dong X, Hou J, Wang W, Ying W, Hui X, Zhou Q, Yao H, Sun J, Wang X. Severe G6PD deficiency leads to recurrent infections and defects in ROS production: Case report and literature review. Front Genet 2022; 13:1035673. [PMID: 36353116 PMCID: PMC9638399 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1035673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Severe glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency can lead to reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase activity in phagocytes, resulting in immunodeficiency, with a limited number of reported cases. Here, we aimed to report a child with severe G6PD deficiency in China and investigate the mechanism of his recurrent infections. Methods: The clinical manifestations and immunological phenotypes of this patient were retrospectively collected. Gene mutation was detected by whole-exome sequencing and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Dihydrorhodamine (DHR) analysis was performed to measure the respiratory burst of neutrophils. Messenger ribonucleic acid and protein levels were detected in the patient under lipopolysaccharide stimulation by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. A review of the literature was performed. Results: A male child with G6PD deficiency presented with recurrent respiratory infections, Epstein‒Barr virus infection and tonsillitis from 8 months of age. Gene testing revealed that the proband had one hemizygous mutation in the G6PD gene (c.496 C>T, p. R166C), inherited from his mother. This mutation might affect hydrophobic binding, and the G6PD enzyme activity of the patient was 0. The stimulation indexes of the neutrophils in the patient and mother were 22 and 37, respectively. Compared with healthy controls, decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was observed in the patient. Activation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling was found to be influenced, and the synthesis of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was downregulated in the patient-derived cells. In neutrophils of his mother, 74.71% of the X chromosome carrying the mutated gene was inactivated. By performing a systematic literature review, an additional 15 patients with severe G6PD deficiency and recurrent infections were identified. Four other G6PD gene mutations have been reported, including c.1157T>A, c.180_182del, c.514C>T, and c.953_976del. Conclusion: Severe G6PD deficiency, not only class I but also class II, can contribute to a chronic granulomatous disease-like phenotype. Decreased reactive oxygen species synthesis led to decreased activation of the NF-κB pathway in G6PD-deficient patients. Children with severe G6PD deficiency should be aware of immunodeficiency disease, and the DHR assay is recommended to evaluate neutrophil function for early identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijun Sun
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qifan Li
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolong Dong
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Hou
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjie Wang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjing Ying
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoying Hui
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinhua Zhou
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haili Yao
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinqiao Sun
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jinqiao Sun, ; Xiaochuan Wang,
| | - Xiaochuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jinqiao Sun, ; Xiaochuan Wang,
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Allosteric role of a structural NADP + molecule in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2119695119. [PMID: 35858355 PMCID: PMC9303983 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2119695119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Human glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is the main cellular source of NADPH, and thus plays a key role in maintaining reduced glutathione to protect cells from oxidative stress disorders such as hemolytic anemia. G6PD is a multimeric enzyme that uses the cofactors β-D-glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) and "catalytic" NADP+ (NADP+c), as well as a "structural" NADP+ (NADP+s) located ∼25 Å from the active site, to generate NADPH. While X-ray crystallographic and biochemical studies have revealed a role for NADP+s in maintaining the catalytic activity by stabilizing the multimeric G6PD conformation, other potential roles for NADP+s have not been evaluated. Here, we determined the high resolution cryo-electron microscopy structures of human wild-type G6PD in the absence of bound ligands and a catalytic G6PD-D200N mutant bound to NADP+c and NADP+s in the absence or presence of G6P. A comparison of these structures, together with previously reported structures, reveals that the unliganded human G6PD forms a mixture of dimers and tetramers with similar overall folds, and binding of NADP+s induces a structural ordering of a C-terminal extension region and allosterically regulates G6P binding and catalysis. These studies have implications for understanding G6PD deficiencies and for therapy of G6PD-mediated disorders.
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Xu Y, Chen Y, Zhang X, Ma J, Liu Y, Cui L, Wang F. Glycolysis in Innate Immune Cells Contributes to Autoimmunity. Front Immunol 2022; 13:920029. [PMID: 35844594 PMCID: PMC9284233 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.920029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) refer to connective tissue inflammation caused by aberrant autoantibodies resulting from dysfunctional immune surveillance. Most of the current treatments for AIDs use non-selective immunosuppressive agents. Although these therapies successfully control the disease process, patients experience significant side effects, particularly an increased risk of infection. There is a great need to study the pathogenesis of AIDs to facilitate the development of selective inhibitors for inflammatory signaling to overcome the limitations of traditional therapies. Immune cells alter their predominant metabolic profile from mitochondrial respiration to glycolysis in AIDs. This metabolic reprogramming, known to occur in adaptive immune cells, i.e., B and T lymphocytes, is critical to the pathogenesis of connective tissue inflammation. At the cellular level, this metabolic switch involves multiple signaling molecules, including serine–threonine protein kinase, mammalian target of rapamycin, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase. Although glycolysis is less efficient than mitochondrial respiration in terms of ATP production, immune cells can promote disease progression by enhancing glycolysis to satisfy cellular functions. Recent studies have shown that active glycolytic metabolism may also account for the cellular physiology of innate immune cells in AIDs. However, the mechanism by which glycolysis affects innate immunity and participates in the pathogenesis of AIDs remains to be elucidated. Therefore, we reviewed the molecular mechanisms, including key enzymes, signaling pathways, and inflammatory factors, that could explain the relationship between glycolysis and the pro-inflammatory phenotype of innate immune cells such as neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Additionally, we summarize the impact of glycolysis on the pathophysiological processes of AIDs, including systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, vasculitis, and ankylosing spondylitis, and discuss potential therapeutic targets. The discovery that immune cell metabolism characterized by glycolysis may regulate inflammation broadens the avenues for treating AIDs by modulating immune cell metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongkang Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Center of Biotherapy, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yudong Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liyan Cui
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Liyan Cui, ; Fang Wang,
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Liyan Cui, ; Fang Wang,
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Alakbaree M, Amran S, Shamsir M, Ahmed HH, Hamza M, Alonazi M, Warsy A, Latif NA. Human G6PD variant structural studies: Elucidating the molecular basis of human G6PD deficiency. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Clinical and Genetic Etiologies of Neonatal Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia in the China Neonatal Genomes Project. J Pediatr 2022; 243:53-60.e9. [PMID: 34953813 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical and genetic causes of neonatal unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. STUDY DESIGN We included 1412 neonates diagnosed with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (total serum bilirubin >95 percentile for age), from the China Neonatal Genomes Project between August 2016 and September 2019, in the current study. Clinical data and targeted panel sequencing data on 2742 genes including known unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia genes were analyzed. RESULTS Among the 1412 neonates with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, 37% had severe unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, with total serum bilirubin levels that met the recommendations for exchange transfusion. Known clinical causes were identified for 68% of patients. The most common clinical cause in the mild unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia group was infection (17%) and in the severe group was combined factors (21%, with infection combined with extravascular hemorrhage the most common). A genetic variant was observed in 55 participants (4%), including 45 patients with variants in genes associated with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia and 10 patients with variants that were regarded as additional genetic findings. Among the 45 patients identified with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia-related variants, the genes were mainly associated with enzyme deficiencies, metabolic/biochemical disorders, and red blood cell membrane defects. G6PD and UGT1A1 variants, were detected in 34 of the 45 patients (76%). CONCLUSIONS Known clinical causes, which varied with bilirubin levels, were identified in approximately two-thirds of the patients. Genetic findings were identified in 4% of the patients, including in patients with an identified clinical cause, with G6PD and UGT1A1 being the most common genes in which variants were detected.
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Wu Y, Wu Y, Ji Y, Liang J, He Z, Liu Y, Tang L, Guo G. Case Report: Drug-Induced Immune Haemolytic Anaemia Caused by Cefoperazone-Tazobactam/ Sulbactam Combination Therapy. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:697192. [PMID: 34485334 PMCID: PMC8415779 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.697192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
There has previously been a report of a patient developing haemolytic anaemia following exposure to cefoperazone. Another case has been reported involving the detection of cefoperazone-dependent antibodies in the absence of immune haemolytic anaemia. To date, no serological evidence has been reported to suggest that cefoperazone can lead to drug-induced immune haemolytic anaemia (DIIHA). This report aims to fill these gaps in knowledge by describing a case of DIIHA caused by cefoperazone-dependent antibodies. A 59-year-old man developed fatal haemolytic anaemia while receiving cefoperazone-tazobactam or cefoperazone-sulbactam for the treatment of a lung infection that occurred after craniocerebral surgery. This eventually led to renal function impairment. Prior to the discontinuation of cefoperazone treatment, the patient showed strong positive (4+) results for both anti-IgG and anti-C3d direct antiglobulin test (DAT), while cefoperazone-dependent IgM and IgG antibodies were detected. The patient's plasma and O-type RBCs were incubated with tazobactam or sulbactam solution at 37°C for 3 h, the results of DAT for anti-IgG and anti-C3d were both positive. Forty-three days after the discontinuation of cefoperazone, the results of DAT for anti-IgG and anti-C3d were negative. Meanwhile incubation of the patient's fresh serum and his own RBCs with cefoperazone at 37°C, gave rise to mild haemolysis, and the results of DAT for both anti-IgG and anti-C3d were positive. It is suggested that cefoperazone-dependent antibodies can activate complement, and the non-immunologic protein adsorption effect of tazobactam or sulbactam can enhance IgG and complement binding to RBCs. This may promote the formation of immunocomplexes and complement activation, thereby aggravating haemolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjun Wu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Dongguan, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Dongguan Tungwah Hospital, Dongguan, China
| | - Yanli Ji
- Institute of Clinical Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiajie Liang
- Dongguan Institute of Reproductive and Genetic Research, Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Dongguan, China
| | - Ziyi He
- Department of Transfusion Research, Dongguan Blood Center, Dongguan, China
| | - Yanhui Liu
- Dongguan Institute of Reproductive and Genetic Research, Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Dongguan, China
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Research, Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Dongguan, China
| | - Ganping Guo
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Dongguan, China
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Garcia AA, Koperniku A, Ferreira JCB, Mochly-Rosen D. Treatment strategies for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: past and future perspectives. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2021; 42:829-844. [PMID: 34389161 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) maintains redox balance in a variety of cell types and is essential for erythrocyte resistance to oxidative stress. G6PD deficiency, caused by mutations in the G6PD gene, is present in ~400 million people worldwide, and can cause acute hemolytic anemia. Currently, there are no therapeutics for G6PD deficiency. We discuss the role of G6PD in hemolytic and nonhemolytic disorders, treatment strategies attempted over the years, and potential reasons for their failure. We also discuss potential pharmacological pathways, including glutathione (GSH) metabolism, compensatory NADPH production routes, transcriptional upregulation of the G6PD gene, highlighting potential drug targets. The needs and opportunities described here may motivate the development of a therapeutic for hematological and other chronic diseases associated with G6PD deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana A Garcia
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ana Koperniku
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Julio C B Ferreira
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daria Mochly-Rosen
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Pharmacogene Sequencing of a Gabonese Population with Severe Plasmodium falciparum Malaria Reveals Multiple Novel Variants with Putative Relevance for Antimalarial Treatment. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2021; 65:e0027521. [PMID: 33875422 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00275-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria remains one of the deadliest diseases in Africa, particularly for children. While successful in reducing morbidity and mortality, antimalarial treatments are also a major cause of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Host genetic variation in genes involved in drug disposition or toxicity constitutes an important determinant of ADR risk and can prime for parasite drug resistance. Importantly, however, the genetic diversity in Africa is substantial, and thus, genetic profiles in one population cannot be reliably extrapolated to other ethnogeographic groups. Gabon is considered a high-transmission country, with more than 460,000 malaria cases per year. Yet the pharmacogenetic landscape of the Gabonese population or its neighboring countries has not been analyzed. Using targeted sequencing, here, we profiled 21 pharmacogenes with importance for antimalarial treatment in 48 Gabonese pediatric patients with severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Overall, we identified 347 genetic variants, of which 18 were novel, and each individual was found to carry 87.3 ± 9.2 (standard deviation [SD]) variants across all analyzed genes. Importantly, 16.7% of these variants were population specific, highlighting the need for high-resolution pharmacogenomic profiling. Between one in three and one in six individuals harbored reduced-activity alleles of CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2D6, and CYP2C8 with important implications for artemisinin, chloroquine, and amodiaquine therapy. Furthermore, one in three patients harbored at least one G6PD-deficient allele, suggesting a considerably increased risk of hemolytic anemia upon exposure to aminoquinolines. Combined, our results reveal the unique genetic landscape of the Gabonese population and pinpoint the genetic basis for interindividual differences in antimalarial drug responses and toxicity.
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Anurogo D, Yuli Prasetyo Budi N, Thi Ngo MH, Huang YH, Pawitan JA. Cell and Gene Therapy for Anemia: Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Gene Editing. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126275. [PMID: 34200975 PMCID: PMC8230702 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary anemia has various manifestations, such as sickle cell disease (SCD), Fanconi anemia, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PDD), and thalassemia. The available management strategies for these disorders are still unsatisfactory and do not eliminate the main causes. As genetic aberrations are the main causes of all forms of hereditary anemia, the optimal approach involves repairing the defective gene, possibly through the transplantation of normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from a normal matching donor or through gene therapy approaches (either in vivo or ex vivo) to correct the patient’s HSCs. To clearly illustrate the importance of cell and gene therapy in hereditary anemia, this paper provides a review of the genetic aberration, epidemiology, clinical features, current management, and cell and gene therapy endeavors related to SCD, thalassemia, Fanconi anemia, and G6PDD. Moreover, we expound the future research direction of HSC derivation from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), strategies to edit HSCs, gene therapy risk mitigation, and their clinical perspectives. In conclusion, gene-corrected hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has promising outcomes for SCD, Fanconi anemia, and thalassemia, and it may overcome the limitation of the source of allogenic bone marrow transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dito Anurogo
- International PhD Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (D.A.); (N.Y.P.B.); (M.-H.T.N.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar, Makassar 90221, Indonesia
| | - Nova Yuli Prasetyo Budi
- International PhD Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (D.A.); (N.Y.P.B.); (M.-H.T.N.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Mai-Huong Thi Ngo
- International PhD Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (D.A.); (N.Y.P.B.); (M.-H.T.N.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hua Huang
- International PhD Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (D.A.); (N.Y.P.B.); (M.-H.T.N.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Research Center of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- PhD Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-H.H.); (J.A.P.); Tel.: +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 3150) (Y.-H.H.); +62-812-9535-0097 (J.A.P.)
| | - Jeanne Adiwinata Pawitan
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
- Stem Cell Medical Technology Integrated Service Unit, Cipto Mangunkusumo Central Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
- Correspondence: (Y.-H.H.); (J.A.P.); Tel.: +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 3150) (Y.-H.H.); +62-812-9535-0097 (J.A.P.)
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