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Wei R, Zhou J, Bui B, Liu X. Glioma actively orchestrate a self-advantageous extracellular matrix to promote recurrence and progression. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:974. [PMID: 39118096 PMCID: PMC11308147 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12751-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The intricate interplay between cancer cells and their surrounding microenvironment has emerged as a critical factor driving the aggressive progression of various malignancies, including gliomas. Among the various components of this dynamic microenvironment, the extracellular matrix (ECM) holds particular significance. Gliomas, intrinsic brain tumors that originate from neuroglial progenitor cells, have the remarkable ability to actively reform the ECM, reshaping the structural and biochemical landscape to their advantage. This phenomenon underscores the adaptability and aggressiveness of gliomas, and highlights the intricate crosstalk between tumor cells and their surrounding matrix.In this review, we delve into how glioma actively regulates glioma ECM to organize a favorable microenvironment for its survival, invasion, progression and therapy resistance. By unraveling the intricacies of glioma-induced ECM remodeling, we gain valuable insights into potential therapeutic strategies aimed at disrupting this symbiotic relationship and curbing the relentless advance of gliomas within the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruolun Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jiasheng Zhou
- Medical Laboratory Science, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Brandon Bui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Human Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Xianzhi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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Barbosa LC, Machado GC, Heringer M, Ferrer VP. Identification of established and novel extracellular matrix components in glioblastoma as targets for angiogenesis and prognosis. Neurogenetics 2024; 25:249-262. [PMID: 38775886 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-024-00763-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBM) are aggressive tumors known for their heterogeneity, rapid proliferation, treatment resistance, and extensive vasculature. Angiogenesis, the formation of new vessels, involves endothelial cell (EC) migration and proliferation. Various extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules regulate EC survival, migration, and proliferation. Culturing human brain EC (HBMEC) on GBM-derived ECM revealed a decrease in EC numbers compared to controls. Through in silico analysis, we explored ECM gene expression differences between GBM and brain normal glia cells and the impact of GBM microenvironment on EC ECM transcripts. ECM molecules such as collagen alpha chains (COL4A1, COL4A2, p < 0.0001); laminin alpha (LAMA4), beta (LAMB2), and gamma (LAMC1) chains (p < 0.0005); neurocan (NCAN), brevican (BCAN) and versican (VCAN) (p < 0.0005); hyaluronan synthase (HAS) 2 and metalloprotease (MMP) 2 (p < 0.005); MMP inhibitors (TIMP1-4, p < 0.0005), transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGFB1) and integrin alpha (ITGA3/5) (p < 0.05) and beta (ITGB1, p < 0.0005) chains showed increased expression in GBM. Additionally, GBM-influenced EC exhibited elevated expression of COL5A3, COL6A1, COL22A1 and COL27A1 (p < 0.01); LAMA1, LAMB1 (p < 0.001); fibulins (FBLN1/2, p < 0.01); MMP9, HAS1, ITGA3, TGFB1, and wingless-related integration site 9B (WNT9B) (p < 0.01) compared to normal EC. Some of these molecules: COL5A1/3, COL6A1, COL22/27A1, FBLN1/2, ITGA3/5, ITGB1 and LAMA1/B1 (p < 0.01); NCAN, HAS1, MMP2/9, TIMP1/2 and TGFB1 (p < 0.05) correlated with GBM patient survival. In conclusion, this study identified both established and novel ECM molecules regulating GBM angiogenesis, suggesting NCAN and COL27A1 are new potential prognostic biomarkers for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Cunha Barbosa
- Graduation Program of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology of Tumors, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Cardoso Machado
- Graduation Program of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology of Tumors, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil
| | - Manoela Heringer
- Brain's Biomedicine Lab, Paulo Niemeyer State Brain Institute, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Valéria Pereira Ferrer
- Graduation Program of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology of Tumors, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil.
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Miskin RP, DiPersio CM. Roles for epithelial integrin α3β1 in regulation of the microenvironment during normal and pathological tissue remodeling. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C1308-C1319. [PMID: 38497112 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00128.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Integrin receptors for the extracellular matrix activate intracellular signaling pathways that are critical for tissue development, homeostasis, and regeneration/repair, and their loss or dysregulation contributes to many developmental defects and tissue pathologies. This review will focus on tissue remodeling roles for integrin α3β1, a receptor for laminins found in the basement membranes (BMs) that underlie epithelial cell layers. As a paradigm, we will discuss literature that supports a role for α3β1 in promoting ability of epidermal keratinocytes to modify their tissue microenvironment during skin development, wound healing, or tumorigenesis. Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that this role depends largely on ability of α3β1 to govern the keratinocyte's repertoire of secreted proteins, or the "secretome," including 1) matrix proteins and proteases involved in matrix remodeling and 2) paracrine-acting growth factors/cytokines that stimulate other cells with important tissue remodeling functions (e.g., endothelial cells, fibroblasts, inflammatory cells). Moreover, α3β1 signaling controls gene expression that helps epithelial cells carry out these functions, including genes that encode secreted matrix proteins, proteases, growth factors, or cytokines. We will review what is known about α3β1-dependent gene regulation through both transcription and posttranscriptional mRNA stability. Regarding the latter, we will discuss examples of α3β1-dependent alternative splicing (AS) or alternative polyadenylation (APA) that prevents inclusion of cis-acting mRNA sequences that would otherwise target the transcript for degradation via nonsense-mediated decay or destabilizing AU-rich elements (AREs) in the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR). Finally, we will discuss prospects and anticipated challenges of exploiting α3β1 as a clinical target for the treatment of cancer or wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C Michael DiPersio
- Department of Surgery, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, United States
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, United States
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4
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Shen CL, Wang R, Santos JM, Elmassry MM, Stephens E, Kim N, Neugebauer V. Ginger alleviates mechanical hypersensitivity and anxio-depressive behavior in rats with diabetic neuropathy through beneficial actions on gut microbiome composition, mitochondria, and neuroimmune cells of colon and spinal cord. Nutr Res 2024; 124:73-84. [PMID: 38402829 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The relationship among gut microbiota, mitochondrial dysfunction/neuroinflammation, and diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP) has received increased attention. Ginger has antidiabetic and analgesic effects because of its anti-inflammatory property. We examined the effects of gingerols-enriched ginger (GEG) supplementation on pain-associated behaviors, gut microbiome composition, and mitochondrial function and neuroinflammation of colon and spinal cord in DNP rats. Thirty-three male rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group, DNP group (high-fat diet plus single dose of streptozotocin at 35 mg/kg body weight, and GEG group (DNP+GEG at 0.75% in the diet for 8 weeks). Von Frey and open field tests were used to assess pain sensitivity and anxio-depressive behaviors, respectively. Colon and spinal cord were collected for gene expression analysis. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was done from cecal samples and microbiome data analysis was performed using QIIME 2. GEG supplementation mitigated mechanical hypersensitivity and anxio-depressive behavior in DNP animals. GEG supplementation suppressed the dynamin-related protein 1 protein expression (colon) and gene expression (spinal cord), astrocytic marker GFAP gene expression (colon and spinal cord), and tumor necrosis factor-α gene expression (colon, P < .05; spinal cord, P = .0974) in DNP rats. GEG supplementation increased microglia/macrophage marker CD11b gene expression in colon and spinal cord of DNP rats. GEG treatment increased abundance of Acinetobacter, Azospirillum, Colidextribacter, and Fournierella but decreased abundance of Muribaculum intestinale in cecal feces of rats. This study demonstrates that GEG supplementation decreased pain, anxio-depression, and neuroimmune cells, and improved the composition of gut microbiomes and mitochondrial function in rats with diabetic neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chwan-Li Shen
- Department of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Center of Excellence for Integrative Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Julianna Maria Santos
- Department of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Moamen M Elmassry
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Emily Stephens
- Department of Medical Education, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Nicole Kim
- Department of Biology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Volker Neugebauer
- Center of Excellence for Integrative Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
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5
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Liu J, Gong H, Quan J, Tian L, Zhang Q, Liu J, Zhang D, Liu J. Hepatic Sinusoid Capillarizate via IGTAV/FAK Pathway Under High Glucose. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:1241-1254. [PMID: 37382792 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04605-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of diabetic patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is continuously increasing worldwide. However, the specific mechanisms of NAFLD patients with diabetes are still not clear. Recent studies have indicated that integrins play an important role in NAFLD. In this study, we considered the relationship between integrin αv (IGTAV)/FAK pathway and sinusoidal capillarization. We investigated the difference between the expression of IGTAV, laminin (LN), focal adhesion kinase (FAK), and phosphor-FAK protein in human liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (HLSECs) to explore the specific mechanisms of the diseases of NAFLD with diabetes under high glucose. We cultured and identified the HLSECs and constructed the recombinant lentivirus vector with IGTAV shRNA by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) to silence the IGTAV gene. Cells were divided into groups of 25 mmol/L glucose and 25 mmol/L mannitol. We measured the protein levels of IGTAV, LN, FAK, and phosphor-FAK by western blot at 2 h, 6 h, and 12 h before and after IGTAV gene silencing. The lentivirus vector was successfully constructed with IGTAV shRNA. The HLSECs under high glucose were observed by scanning electron microscope. SPSS19.0 was used for statistical analysis. High glucose significantly increased the expression of IGTAV, LN, and phosphor-FAK protein in HLSECs; the shRNA IGTAV could effectively inhibit the expression of phosphor-FAK and LN at 2 h and 6 h. Inhibition of the phosphor-FAK could effectively decrease the expression of LN in HLSECs at 2 h and 6 h under high glucose. Inhibition of IGTAV gene of HLSECs under high glucose could improve hepatic sinus capillarization. Inhibition of IGTAV and phosphor-FAK decreased the expression of LN. High glucose led to hepatic sinus capillarization via IGTAV/ FAK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- The First Clinical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu province, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Donggang west Road 160, Lanzhou city, 730000, Gansu province, China
| | - Hengjiang Gong
- Department of General Practice, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou city, 730000, Gansu province, China
| | - Jinxing Quan
- Department of Endocrinology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Donggang west Road 160, Lanzhou city, 730000, Gansu province, China
| | - Limin Tian
- Department of Endocrinology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Donggang west Road 160, Lanzhou city, 730000, Gansu province, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Donggang west Road 160, Lanzhou city, 730000, Gansu province, China
| | - Juxiang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Donggang west Road 160, Lanzhou city, 730000, Gansu province, China
| | - Dongquan Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou city, 730000, Gansu province, China
| | - Jing Liu
- The First Clinical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu province, China.
- Department of Endocrinology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Donggang west Road 160, Lanzhou city, 730000, Gansu province, China.
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Xing B, Lei Z, Wang Z, Wang Q, Jiang Q, Zhang Z, Liu X, Qi Y, Li S, Guo X, Liu Y, Li X, Shu K, Zhang H, Bartsch JW, Nimsky C, Huang Y, Lei T. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 22 activates integrin β1 through its disintegrin domain to promote the progression of pituitary adenoma. Neuro Oncol 2024; 26:137-152. [PMID: 37555799 PMCID: PMC10768997 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noad148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately 35% of pituitary adenoma (PA) display an aggressive profile, resulting in low surgical total resection rates, high recurrence rates, and worse prognosis. However, the molecular mechanism of PA invasion remains poorly understood. Although "a disintegrin and metalloproteinases" (ADAMs) are associated with the progression of many tumors, there are no reports on ADAM22 in PA. METHODS PA transcriptomics databases and clinical specimens were used to analyze the expression of ADAM22. PA cell lines overexpressing wild-type ADAM22, the point mutation ADAM22, the mutated ADAM22 without disintegrin domain, and knocking down ADAM22 were generated. Cell proliferation/invasion assays, flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, co-immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry, Reverse transcription-quantitative real-time PCR, phos-tag SDS-PAGE, and Western blot were performed for function and mechanism research. Nude mice xenograft models and rat prolactinoma orthotopic models were used to validate in vitro findings. RESULTS ADAM22 was significantly overexpressed in PA and could promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of PA cells. ADAM22 interacted with integrin β1 (ITGB1) and activated FAK/PI3K and FAK/ERK signaling pathways through its disintegrin domain to promote PA progression. ADAM22 was phosphorylated by PKA and recruited 14-3-3, thereby delaying its degradation. ITGB1-targeted inhibitor (anti-itgb1) exerted antitumor effects and synergistic effects in combination with somatostatin analogs or dopamine agonists in treating PA. CONCLUSIONS ADAM22 was upregulated in PA and was able to promote PA proliferation, migration, and invasion by activating ITGB1 signaling. PKA may regulate the degradation of ADAM22 through post-transcriptional modification levels. ITGB1 may be a potential therapeutic target for PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Xing
- Sino-German Neuro-Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji medical college of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhuowei Lei
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji medical college of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zihan Wang
- Sino-German Neuro-Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji medical college of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Quanji Wang
- Sino-German Neuro-Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji medical college of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- Sino-German Neuro-Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji medical college of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Sino-German Neuro-Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji medical college of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaojin Liu
- Sino-German Neuro-Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji medical college of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiwei Qi
- Sino-German Neuro-Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji medical college of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sihan Li
- Sino-German Neuro-Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji medical college of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Guo
- Sino-German Neuro-Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji medical college of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanchao Liu
- Sino-German Neuro-Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji medical college of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingbo Li
- Sino-German Neuro-Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji medical college of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Shu
- Sino-German Neuro-Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji medical college of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huaqiu Zhang
- Sino-German Neuro-Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji medical college of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jörg Walter Bartsch
- Department of Neurosurgery, Philipps-University Marburg, University Hospital Marburg (UKGM), Marburg, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Marburg, Germany
| | - Christopher Nimsky
- Department of Neurosurgery, Philipps-University Marburg, University Hospital Marburg (UKGM), Marburg, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Marburg, Germany
| | - Yimin Huang
- Sino-German Neuro-Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji medical college of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Lei
- Sino-German Neuro-Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji medical college of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Serra M, Rubes D, Schinelli S, Paolillo M. Small Molecules against Metastatic Tumors: Concrete Perspectives and Shattered Dreams. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4173. [PMID: 37627201 PMCID: PMC10453213 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the main cause of anti-cancer therapy failure, leading to unfavorable prognosis for patients. The true challenge to increase cancer patient life expectancy by making cancer a chronic disease with periodic but manageable relapses relies on the development of efficient therapeutic strategies specifically directed against key targets in the metastatic process. Traditional chemotherapy with classical alkylating agents, microtubule inhibitors, and antimetabolites has demonstrated its limited efficacy against metastatic cells due to their capacity to select chemo-resistant cell populations that undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), thus promoting the colonization of distant sites that, in turn, sustain the initial metastatic process. This scenario has prompted efforts aimed at discovering a wide variety of small molecules and biologics as potential anti-metastatic drugs directed against more specific targets known to be involved in the various stages of metastasis. In this short review, we give an overview of the most recent advances related to important families of antimetastatic small molecules: intracellular tyrosine kinase inhibitors, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, KRAS inhibitors, and integrin antagonists. Although the majority of these small molecules are not yet approved and not available in the drug market, any information related to their stage of development could represent a precious and valuable tool to identify new targets in the endless fight against metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Serra
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (D.R.); (S.S.); (M.P.)
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Pandey K, Wang SS, Mifsud NA, Faridi P, Davenport AJ, Webb AI, Sandow JJ, Ayala R, Monje M, Cross RS, Ramarathinam SH, Jenkins MR, Purcell AW. A combined immunopeptidomics, proteomics, and cell surface proteomics approach to identify immunotherapy targets for diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1192448. [PMID: 37637064 PMCID: PMC10455951 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1192448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), recently reclassified as a subtype of diffuse midline glioma, is a highly aggressive brainstem tumor affecting children and young adults, with no cure and a median survival of only 9 months. Conventional treatments are ineffective, highlighting the need for alternative therapeutic strategies such as cellular immunotherapy. However, identifying unique and tumor-specific cell surface antigens to target with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) or T-cell receptor (TCR) therapies is challenging. Methods In this study, a multi-omics approach was used to interrogate patient-derived DIPG cell lines and to identify potential targets for immunotherapy. Results Through immunopeptidomics, a range of targetable peptide antigens from cancer testis and tumor-associated antigens as well as peptides derived from human endogenous retroviral elements were identified. Proteomics analysis also revealed upregulation of potential drug targets and cell surface proteins such as Cluster of differentiation 27 (CD276) B7 homolog 3 protein (B7H3), Interleukin 13 alpha receptor 2 (IL-13Rα2), Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 3 (HER2), Ephrin Type-A Receptor 2 (EphA2), and Ephrin Type-A Receptor 3 (EphA3). Discussion The results of this study provide a valuable resource for the scientific community to accelerate immunotherapeutic approaches for DIPG. Identifying potential targets for CAR and TCR therapies could open up new avenues for treating this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirti Pandey
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Stacie S. Wang
- Immunology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Children’s Cancer Centre, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicole A. Mifsud
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Pouya Faridi
- Monash Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- School of Clinical Sciences, Department of Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Sub-Faculty of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Alexander J. Davenport
- Immunology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew I. Webb
- Advanced Technology and Biology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jarrod J. Sandow
- Advanced Technology and Biology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Rochelle Ayala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Michelle Monje
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Ryan S. Cross
- Immunology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sri H. Ramarathinam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Misty R. Jenkins
- Immunology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- The Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- LaTrobe Institute for Molecular Science, LaTrobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Anthony W. Purcell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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Di Filippo LD, de Carvalho SG, Duarte JL, Luiz MT, Paes Dutra JA, de Paula GA, Chorilli M, Conde J. A receptor-mediated landscape of druggable and targeted nanomaterials for gliomas. Mater Today Bio 2023; 20:100671. [PMID: 37273792 PMCID: PMC10238751 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common type of brain cancer, and among them, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most prevalent (about 60% of cases) and the most aggressive type of primary brain tumor. The treatment of GBM is a major challenge due to the pathophysiological characteristics of the disease, such as the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which prevents and regulates the passage of substances from the bloodstream to the brain parenchyma, making many of the chemotherapeutics currently available not able to reach the brain in therapeutic concentrations, accumulating in non-target organs, and causing considerable adverse effects for the patient. In this scenario, nanocarriers emerge as tools capable of improving the brain bioavailability of chemotherapeutics, in addition to improving their biodistribution and enhancing their uptake in GBM cells. This is possible due to its nanometric size and surface modification strategies, which can actively target nanocarriers to elements overexpressed by GBM cells (such as transmembrane receptors) related to aggressive development, drug resistance, and poor prognosis. In this review, an overview of the most frequently overexpressed receptors in GBM cells and possible approaches to chemotherapeutic delivery and active targeting using nanocarriers will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jonatas Lobato Duarte
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcela Tavares Luiz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Geanne Aparecida de Paula
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Conde
- ToxOmics, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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Shi Z, Wu Y, Zhuo Q, Zuo Y, Lin J, Shi H, Zhou H, Xu Z. Comprehensive analysis of oxidative stress-related lncRNA signatures in glioma reveals the discrepancy of prognostic and immune infiltration. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7731. [PMID: 37173373 PMCID: PMC10182081 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34909-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress refers to the process of reactive oxide species (ROS) increase in human body due to various factors, which leads to oxidative damage in human tissues. Current studies have confirmed that sustained oxidative stress is one of the distinctive features throughout the development of tumors. Numerous reports have shown that lncRNAs can regulate the process of oxidative stress through multiple pathways. However, the relationship between glioma-associated oxidative stress and lncRNAs is not clearly investigated. RNA sequencing data of GBM (glioblastoma) and LGG (low grade glioma) and corresponding clinical data were retrieved from the TCGA database. Oxidative stress related lncRNAs (ORLs) were identified by Pearson correlation analysis. Prognostic models for 6-ORLs were structured in the training cohort by univariate Cox regression analysis, multivariate Cox regression analysis and LASSO regression analysis. We constructed the nomogram and verified its predictive efficacy by Calibration curves and DCA decision curves. The biological functions and pathways of 6-ORLs-related mRNAs were inferred by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. Immune cell abundance and immune function associated with risk score (RS) were estimated by ssGSEA, CIBERSORT and MCPcounter synthetically. External validation of the signature was completed using the CGGA-325 and CGGA-693 datasets. 6-ORLs signature-AC083864.2, AC107294.1, AL035446.1, CRNDE, LINC02600, and SNAI3-AS1-were identified through our analysis as being predictive of glioma prognosis. Kaplan-Meier and ROC curves indicated that the signature has a dependable predictive efficacy in the TCGA training cohort, validation cohort and CGGA-325/CGGA-693 test cohort. The 6-ORLs signature were verified to be independent prognostic predictors by multivariate cox regression and stratified survival analysis. Nomogram built with risk scores had strong predictive efficacy for patients' overall survival (OS). The outcomes of the functional enrichment analysis revealing potential molecular regulatory mechanisms for the 6-ORLs. Patients in the high-risk subgroup presented a significant immune microenvironment of macrophage M0 and cancer-associated fibroblast infiltration which was associated with a poorer prognosis. Finally, the expression levels of 6-ORLs in U87/U251/T98/U138 and HA1800 cell lines were verified by RT-qPCR. The nomogram in this study has been made available as a web version for clinicians. This 6-ORLs risk signature has the capabilities to predict the prognosis of glioma patients, assist in evaluating immune infiltration, and assess the efficacy of various anti-tumor systemic therapy regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyi Shi
- Cancer Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Wu
- Cancer Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingchan Zhuo
- Cancer Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufang Zuo
- Cancer Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiong Lin
- Cancer Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huadi Shi
- Cancer Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hechao Zhou
- Cancer Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zumin Xu
- Cancer Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Reprogramming of cancer-associated fibroblasts by apoptotic cancer cells inhibits lung metastasis via Notch1-WISP-1 signaling. Cell Mol Immunol 2022; 19:1373-1391. [PMID: 36241874 PMCID: PMC9708692 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-022-00930-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The interplay between apoptotic cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment modulates cancer progression and metastasis. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a crucial role in promoting these events through paracrine communication. Here, we demonstrate that conditioned medium (CM) from lung CAFs exposed to apoptotic cancer cells suppresses TGF-β1-induced migration and invasion of cancer cells and CAFs. Direct exposure of CAFs to apoptotic 344SQ cells (ApoSQ) inhibited CAF migration and invasion and the expression of CAF activation markers. Enhanced secretion of Wnt-induced signaling protein 1 (WISP-1) by CAFs exposed to ApoSQ was required for these antimigratory and anti-invasive effects. Pharmacological inhibition of Notch1 activation or siRNA-mediated Notch1 silencing prevented WISP-1 production by CAFs and reversed the antimigratory and anti-invasive effects. Enhanced expression of the Notch ligand delta-like protein 1 on the surface of ultraviolet-irradiated apoptotic lung cancer cells triggered Notch1-WISP-1 signaling. Phosphatidylserine receptor brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 (BAI1)-Rac1 signaling, which facilitated efferocytosis by CAFs, participated in crosstalk with Notch1 signaling for optimal production of WISP-1. In addition, a single injection of ApoSQ enhanced WISP-1 production, suppressed the expression of CAF activation markers in isolated Thy1+ CAFs, and inhibited lung metastasis in syngeneic immunocompetent mice via Notch1 signaling. Treatment with CM from CAFs exposed to ApoSQ suppressed tumor growth and lung metastasis, whereas treatment with WISP-1-immunodepleted CM from CAFs exposed to ApoSQ reversed the antitumorigenic and antimetastatic effects. Therefore, treatment with CM from CAFs exposed to apoptotic lung cancer cells could be therapeutically applied to suppress CAF activation, thereby preventing cancer progression and metastasis.
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Internalisation of RGD-Engineered Extracellular Vesicles by Glioblastoma Cells. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11101483. [PMID: 36290387 PMCID: PMC9598886 DOI: 10.3390/biology11101483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive and malignant type of central nervous system (CNS) tumour. Although several treatment options are available, patients generally succumb within 14 months after diagnosis. With the rapid progression of exosome bioengineering technologies, novel therapy opportunities are emerging for GBM treatment. The surface of GBM cells is characterised by the overexpression of transmembrane receptor integrins, which are essential for cell interactions with several proteins in the extracellular matrix. Therefore, integrin-binding drug delivery vehicles have been proposed as a potential strategy for glioblastoma therapy. Small extracellular vesicles possess several attractive characteristics for drug delivery: small size, biocompatibility, ability to cross the blood–brain barrier and capacity to be loaded with exogenous materials. Current bioengineering technologies further increase extracellular vesicle capabilities by loading them with anticancer drugs and incorporating targeting ligands. This study explored the capacity of Arginylglycylaspartic acid (RGD, or Arginine–Glycine–Aspartate)-polypeptide-engineered extracellular vesicles to internalise and deliver loaded cargo in GBM cells. The results demonstrate that introducing the RGD ligand to extracellular vesicles could significantly increase their internalisation by GBM cells and hence improve drug delivery efficacy. Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive CNS tumour with no efficient treatment, partly due to the retention of anticancer drugs by the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and their insufficient concentration in tumour cells. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are attractive drug carriers because of their biocompatibility and ability to cross the BBB. Additional efficiency can be achieved by adding GBM-cell-specific ligands. GBM cells overexpress integrins; thus, one of the most straightforward targeting strategies is to modify EVs with integrin-recognising molecules. This study investigated the therapeutic potential of genetically engineered EVs with elevated membrane levels of the integrin-binding peptide RGD (RGD-EVs) against GBM cells in vitro. For RGD-EV production, stable RGD-HEK 293FT cells were generated by using a pcDNA4/TO-Lamp2b-iRGD-HA expression vector and performing antibiotic-based selection. RGD-EVs were isolated from RGD-HEK 293FT-cell-conditioned medium and characterised by size (Zetasizer), specific markers (ELISA) and RGD expression (Western Blot). Internalisation by human GBM cells HROG36 and U87 MG and BJ-5ta human fibroblasts was assessed by fluorescent EV RNA labelling. The effect of doxorubicin-loaded RGD-EVs on GBM cells was evaluated by the metabolic PrestoBlue viability assay; functional GAPDH gene knockdown by RGD-EV-encapsulated siRNA was determined by RT-qPCR. RGD-EVs had 40% higher accumulation in GBM cells (but not in fibroblasts) and induced significantly stronger toxicity by loaded doxorubicin and GAPDH silencing by loaded siRNA compared to unmodified EVs. Thus, RGD modification substantially increases the specific delivery capacity of HEK 293FT-derived EVs to GBM cells.
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13
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Bioimaging Nucleic-Acid Aptamers with Different Specificities in Human Glioblastoma Tissues Highlights Tumoral Heterogeneity. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14101980. [PMID: 36297416 PMCID: PMC9609998 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14101980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleic-acid aptamers are of strong interest for diagnosis and therapy. Compared with antibodies, they are smaller, stable upon variations in temperature, easy to modify, and have higher tissue-penetration abilities. However, they have been little described as detection probes in histology studies of human tissue sections. In this study, we performed fluorescence imaging with two aptamers targeting cell-surface receptors EGFR and integrin α5β1, both involved in the aggressiveness of glioblastoma. The aptamers’ cell-binding specificities were confirmed using confocal imaging. The affinities of aptamers for glioblastoma cells expressing these receptors were in the 100–300 nM range. The two aptamers were then used to detect EGFR and integrin α5β1 in human glioblastoma tissues and compared with antibody labeling. Our aptafluorescence assays proved to be able to very easily reveal, in a one-step process, not only inter-tumoral glioblastoma heterogeneity (differences observed at the population level) but also intra-tumoral heterogeneity (differences among cells within individual tumors) when aptamers with different specificities were used simultaneously in multiplexing labeling experiments. The discussion also addresses the strengths and limitations of nucleic-acid aptamers for biomarker detection in histology.
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14
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Jiang B, Ding T, Guo C, Bai X, Cao D, Wu X, Sha W, Jiang M, Wu L, Gao Y. NFAT1 Orchestrates Spinal Microglial Transcription and Promotes Microglial Proliferation via c-MYC Contributing to Nerve Injury-Induced Neuropathic Pain. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2201300. [PMID: 35892263 PMCID: PMC9507349 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202201300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury-induced spinal microglial proliferation plays a pivotal role in neuropathic pain. So far, key intracellular druggable molecules involved in this process are not identified. The nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT1) is a master regulator of immune cell proliferation. Whether and how NFAT1 modulates spinal microglial proliferation during neuropathic pain remain unknown. Here it is reported that NFAT1 is persistently upregulated in microglia after spinal nerve ligation (SNL), which is regulated by TET2-mediated DNA demethylation. Global or microglia-specific deletion of Nfat1 attenuates SNL-induced pain and decreases excitatory synaptic transmission of lamina II neurons. Furthermore, deletion of Nfat1 decreases microglial proliferation and the expression of multiple microglia-related genes, such as cytokines, transmembrane signaling receptors, and transcription factors. Particularly, SNL increases the binding of NFAT1 with the promoter of Itgam, Tnf, Il-1b, and c-Myc in the spinal cord. Microglia-specific overexpression of c-MYC induces pain hypersensitivity and microglial proliferation. Finally, inhibiting NFAT1 and c-MYC by intrathecal injection of inhibitor or siRNA alleviates SNL-induced neuropathic pain. Collectively, NFAT1 is a hub transcription factor that regulates microglial proliferation via c-MYC and guides the expression of the activated microglia genome. Thus, NFAT1 may be an effective target for treating neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao‐Chun Jiang
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental MedicineCo‐innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityJiangsu226019China
| | - Ting‐Yu Ding
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental MedicineCo‐innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityJiangsu226019China
| | - Chang‐Yun Guo
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental MedicineCo‐innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityJiangsu226019China
| | - Xue‐Hui Bai
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental MedicineCo‐innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityJiangsu226019China
| | - De‐Li Cao
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental MedicineCo‐innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityJiangsu226019China
| | - Xiao‐Bo Wu
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental MedicineCo‐innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityJiangsu226019China
| | - Wei‐Lin Sha
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental MedicineCo‐innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityJiangsu226019China
| | - Ming Jiang
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental MedicineCo‐innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityJiangsu226019China
| | - Long‐Jun Wu
- Department of NeurologyMayo ClinicRochesterMN55905USA
| | - Yong‐Jing Gao
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental MedicineCo‐innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityJiangsu226019China
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15
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Teixeira SA, Burim RV, Viapiano MS, Bidinotto LT, Nagashi Marie SK, Fleury Malheiros SM, Oba-Shinjo SM, Andrade AF, Carlotti CG. Alpha2beta1 Integrin Polymorphism in Diffuse Astrocytoma Patients. Front Oncol 2022; 12:914156. [PMID: 35936750 PMCID: PMC9353741 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.914156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrins are heterodimeric transmembrane glycoproteins resulting from the non-covalent association of an α and β chain. The major integrin receptor for collagen/laminin, α2β1 is expressed on a wide variety of cell types and plays an essential role in the adhesion of normal and tumor cells to the extracellular matrix. Integrin-triggered signaling pathways promote the invasion and survival of glioma cells by modifying the brain microenvironment. In this study, we investigated the association of a specific genetic polymorphism of integrin α2β1 with the incidence of diffusely infiltrating astrocytoma and the progression of these tumors. Single-nucleotide polymorphism in intron 7 of the integrin ITGA2 gene was examined in 158 patients and 162 controls using polymerase chain reaction and restriction enzyme analysis. The ITGA2 genotype +/+ (with a BglII restriction site in both alleles) exhibited higher frequency in grade II astrocytoma compared to control (P = 0.02) whereas the genotype -/- (lacking the BglII site) correlated with the poorest survival rate (P = 0.04). In addition, in silico analyses of ITGA2 expression from low-grade gliomas (LGG, n = 515) and glioblastomas (GBM, n = 159) indicated that the higher expression of ITGA2 in LGG was associated with poor overall survival (P < 0.0001). However, the distribution of integrin ITGA2 BglII genotypes (+/+, +/-, -/-) was not significantly different between astrocytoma subgroups III and IV (P = 0.65, 0.24 and 0.33; 0.29, 0.48, 0.25, respectively) compared to control. These results suggest a narrow association between the presence of this SNP and indicate that further studies with larger samples are warranted to analyze the relation between tumor grade and overall survival, highlighting the importance of determining these polymorphisms for prognosis of astrocytomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia A Teixeira
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Regislaine V Burim
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis, University of São Paulo (USP), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariano S Viapiano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Lucas T Bidinotto
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, UNESP- Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil
- Barretos School of Health Sciences, Dr. Paulo Prata - FACISB, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Suely K Nagashi Marie
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Suzana M Fleury Malheiros
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sueli M Oba-Shinjo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Augusto F Andrade
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Carlos G Carlotti
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
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Cui H, Zhang L, Zeng S, Wang Y, Li Z, Wang J, Chen Q. Charge-Reversible Pro-Ribonuclease Enveloped in Virus-like Synthetic Nanocapsules for Systemic Treatment of Intractable Glioma. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:30493-30506. [PMID: 35657733 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We have tailored multifaceted chemistries into the manufacture of artificial virus-like delivery vehicles mimicking viral "intelligent" transportation pathways through sequential biological barriers; these vehicles can acquire the ability to dynamically "program transfer" to their target sites. To accomplish this, we created anionic pro-proteins, which facilitate charge reversal when subject to acidic endosomal pH; in this way, carboxylation reactions are performed on proteins with amine-reactive cis-aconitic anhydride. Electrostatic associations then initiate the envelopment of these pro-proteins into multilayered nanoarchitectural vehicles composed of multiple-segmental block copolycationic cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-poly(ethylene glycol)(PEG)-GPLGVRG-polylysine(thiol). Therefore, upon the pro-proteins' initial binding to the tumors via the protruding RGD ligands, the bio-inert PEG surroundings are detached through the enzymolysis of the intermediate GPLGVRG linkage by tumor-enriched matrix metalloproteinases, unveiling the cationic polylysine palisade and imparting intimate affinities to the anionic cytomembranes of the targeted tumors. Essentially, through their active endocytosis into the subcellular endosomal compartments, the pro-proteins are made capable of retrieving the original amine groups through a charge reversal decarboxylation process, consequently eliciting augmented charge densities (charge nonstoichiometric protein@polylysine(disulfide)) to disrupt the anionic endosomal membranes to facilitate translocation into the cytosol. Eventually, the active protein payloads can be liberated from nonstoichiometric protein@polylysine(thiol) by the disassembly of polylysine palisade upon the cleavage of disulfide crosslinking in response to the very high level of glutathione in the cytosol, thereby contributing toward extreme cytotoxic potency. Hence, our elaborated virus-mimicking platform has demonstrated potent antitumor efficacy through the systemic administration of ribonucleases, which will consequently lead to an innovative new therapeutic method by which proteins could reach intracellular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Liuwei Zhang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Shuang Zeng
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Zhen Li
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jingyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Qixian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China
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Thakur A, Faujdar C, Sharma R, Sharma S, Malik B, Nepali K, Liou JP. Glioblastoma: Current Status, Emerging Targets, and Recent Advances. J Med Chem 2022; 65:8596-8685. [PMID: 35786935 PMCID: PMC9297300 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly malignant
brain tumor characterized
by a heterogeneous population of genetically unstable and highly infiltrative
cells that are resistant to chemotherapy. Although substantial efforts
have been invested in the field of anti-GBM drug discovery in the
past decade, success has primarily been confined to the preclinical
level, and clinical studies have often been hampered due to efficacy-,
selectivity-, or physicochemical property-related issues. Thus, expansion
of the list of molecular targets coupled with a pragmatic design of
new small-molecule inhibitors with central nervous system (CNS)-penetrating
ability is required to steer the wheels of anti-GBM drug discovery
endeavors. This Perspective presents various aspects of drug discovery
(challenges in GBM drug discovery and delivery, therapeutic targets,
and agents under clinical investigation). The comprehensively covered
sections include the recent medicinal chemistry campaigns embarked
upon to validate the potential of numerous enzymes/proteins/receptors
as therapeutic targets in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandeep Thakur
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chetna Faujdar
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida 201307, India
| | - Ram Sharma
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Sachin Sharma
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Basant Malik
- Department of Sterile Product Development, Research and Development-Unit 2, Jubiliant Generics Ltd., Noida 201301, India
| | - Kunal Nepali
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jing Ping Liou
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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El Kheir W, Marcos B, Virgilio N, Paquette B, Faucheux N, Lauzon MA. Drug Delivery Systems in the Development of Novel Strategies for Glioblastoma Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:1189. [PMID: 35745762 PMCID: PMC9227363 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a grade IV glioma considered the most fatal cancer of the central nervous system (CNS), with less than a 5% survival rate after five years. The tumor heterogeneity, the high infiltrative behavior of its cells, and the blood-brain barrier (BBB) that limits the access of therapeutic drugs to the brain are the main reasons hampering the current standard treatment efficiency. Following the tumor resection, the infiltrative remaining GBM cells, which are resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, can further invade the surrounding brain parenchyma. Consequently, the development of new strategies to treat parenchyma-infiltrating GBM cells, such as vaccines, nanotherapies, and tumor cells traps including drug delivery systems, is required. For example, the chemoattractant CXCL12, by binding to its CXCR4 receptor, activates signaling pathways that play a critical role in tumor progression and invasion, making it an interesting therapeutic target to properly control the direction of GBM cell migration for treatment proposes. Moreover, the interstitial fluid flow (IFF) is also implicated in increasing the GBM cell migration through the activation of the CXCL12-CXCR4 signaling pathway. However, due to its complex and variable nature, the influence of the IFF on the efficiency of drug delivery systems is not well understood yet. Therefore, this review discusses novel drug delivery strategies to overcome the GBM treatment limitations, focusing on chemokines such as CXCL12 as an innovative approach to reverse the migration of infiltrated GBM. Furthermore, recent developments regarding in vitro 3D culture systems aiming to mimic the dynamic peritumoral environment for the optimization of new drug delivery technologies are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiam El Kheir
- Advanced Dynamic Cell Culture Systems Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul. Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada;
- Laboratory of Cell-Biomaterial Biohybrid Systems, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul. Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada;
| | - Bernard Marcos
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul. Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada;
| | - Nick Virgilio
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, 2500 Chemin de Polytechnique, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada;
| | - Benoit Paquette
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada;
- Clinical Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de l’Université de Sherbrooke, 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Nathalie Faucheux
- Laboratory of Cell-Biomaterial Biohybrid Systems, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul. Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada;
- Clinical Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de l’Université de Sherbrooke, 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Marc-Antoine Lauzon
- Advanced Dynamic Cell Culture Systems Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul. Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada;
- Research Center on Aging, 1036 Rue Belvédère Sud, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada
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Phon BWS, Kamarudin MNA, Bhuvanendran S, Radhakrishnan AK. Transitioning pre-clinical glioblastoma models to clinical settings with biomarkers identified in 3D cell-based models: A systematic scoping review. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 145:112396. [PMID: 34775238 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) remains incurable despite the overwhelming discovery of 2-dimensional (2D) cell-based potential therapeutics since the majority of them have met unsatisfactory results in animal and clinical settings. Incremental empirical evidence has laid the widespread need of transitioning 2D to 3-dimensional (3D) cultures that better mimic GBM's complex and heterogenic nature to allow better translation of pre-clinical results. This systematic scoping review analyses the transcriptomic data involving 3D models of GBM against 2D models from 22 studies identified from four databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Medline, and Embase). From a total of 499 genes reported in these studies, 313 (63%) genes were upregulated across 3D models cultured using different scaffolds. Our analysis showed that 4 of the replicable upregulated genes are associated with GBM stemness, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), hypoxia, and migration-related genes regardless of the type of scaffolds, displaying close resemblances to primitive undifferentiated tumour phenotypes that are associated with decreased overall survival and increased hazard ratio in GBM patients. The upregulation of drug response and drug efflux genes (e.g. cytochrome P450s and ABC transporters) mirrors the GBM genetic landscape that contributes to in vivo and clinical treatment resistance. These upregulated genes displayed strong protein-protein interactions when analysed using an online bioinformatics software (STRING). These findings reinforce the need for widespread transition to 3D GBM models as a relatively inexpensive humanised pre-clinical tool with suitable genetic biomarkers to bridge clinical gaps in potential therapeutic evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Wee Siang Phon
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhamad N A Kamarudin
- Brain Research Institute Monash Sunway, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Saatheeyavaane Bhuvanendran
- Brain Research Institute Monash Sunway, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ammu K Radhakrishnan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
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20
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Combining experiments and in silico modeling to infer the role of adhesion and proliferation on the collective dynamics of cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19894. [PMID: 34615941 PMCID: PMC8494750 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99390-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The collective dynamics of cells on surfaces and interfaces poses technological and theoretical challenges in the study of morphogenesis, tissue engineering, and cancer. Different mechanisms are at play, including, cell–cell adhesion, cell motility, and proliferation. However, the relative importance of each one is elusive. Here, experiments with a culture of glioblastoma multiforme cells on a substrate are combined with in silico modeling to infer the rate of each mechanism. By parametrizing these rates, the time-dependence of the spatial correlation observed experimentally is reproduced. The obtained results suggest a reduction in cell–cell adhesion with the density of cells. The reason for such reduction and possible implications for the collective dynamics of cancer cells are discussed.
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21
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Zolotovskaia M, Tkachev V, Sorokin M, Garazha A, Kim E, Kantelhardt SR, Bikar SE, Zottel A, Šamec N, Kuzmin D, Sprang B, Moisseev A, Giese A, Efimov V, Jovčevska I, Buzdin A. Algorithmically Deduced FREM2 Molecular Pathway Is a Potent Grade and Survival Biomarker of Human Gliomas. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4117. [PMID: 34439271 PMCID: PMC8394245 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common malignant brain tumors with high mortality rates. Recently we showed that the FREM2 gene has a role in glioblastoma progression. Here we reconstructed the FREM2 molecular pathway using the human interactome model. We assessed the biomarker capacity of FREM2 expression and its pathway as the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) biomarkers. To this end, we used three literature and one experimental RNA sequencing datasets collectively covering 566 glioblastomas (GBM) and 1097 low-grade gliomas (LGG). The activation level of deduced FREM2 pathway showed strong biomarker characteristics and significantly outperformed the FREM2 expression level itself. For all relevant datasets, it could robustly discriminate GBM and LGG (p < 1.63 × 10-13, AUC > 0.74). High FREM2 pathway activation level was associated with poor OS in LGG (p < 0.001), and low PFS in LGG (p < 0.001) and GBM (p < 0.05). FREM2 pathway activation level was poor prognosis biomarker for OS (p < 0.05) and PFS (p < 0.05) in LGG with IDH mutation, for PFS in LGG with wild type IDH (p < 0.001) and mutant IDH with 1p/19q codeletion(p < 0.05), in GBM with unmethylated MGMT (p < 0.05), and in GBM with wild type IDH (p < 0.05). Thus, we conclude that the activation level of the FREM2 pathway is a potent new-generation diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for multiple molecular subtypes of GBM and LGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Zolotovskaia
- Omicsway Corp., Walnut, CA 91789, USA; (M.S.); (A.G.); (A.M.)
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141701, Russia; (V.T.); (D.K.); (V.E.); (A.B.)
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Radiotherapy, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Victor Tkachev
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141701, Russia; (V.T.); (D.K.); (V.E.); (A.B.)
| | - Maxim Sorokin
- Omicsway Corp., Walnut, CA 91789, USA; (M.S.); (A.G.); (A.M.)
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141701, Russia; (V.T.); (D.K.); (V.E.); (A.B.)
- Laboratory of Clinical Genomic Bioinformatics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Andrew Garazha
- Omicsway Corp., Walnut, CA 91789, USA; (M.S.); (A.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Ella Kim
- Clinic for Neurosurgery, Laboratory of Experimental Neurooncology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55124 Mainz, Germany; (E.K.); (S.R.K.); (B.S.)
| | - Sven Rainer Kantelhardt
- Clinic for Neurosurgery, Laboratory of Experimental Neurooncology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55124 Mainz, Germany; (E.K.); (S.R.K.); (B.S.)
| | - Sven-Ernö Bikar
- StarSEQ GmbH, Joh.-Joachim-Becher-Weg 30a, 55128 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Alja Zottel
- Medical Center for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov Trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.Z.); (N.Š.); (I.J.)
| | - Neja Šamec
- Medical Center for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov Trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.Z.); (N.Š.); (I.J.)
| | - Denis Kuzmin
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141701, Russia; (V.T.); (D.K.); (V.E.); (A.B.)
| | - Bettina Sprang
- Clinic for Neurosurgery, Laboratory of Experimental Neurooncology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Centre, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55124 Mainz, Germany; (E.K.); (S.R.K.); (B.S.)
| | - Alexey Moisseev
- Omicsway Corp., Walnut, CA 91789, USA; (M.S.); (A.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Alf Giese
- Orthocentrum Hamburg, Hansastrasse 1, 20149 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Victor Efimov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141701, Russia; (V.T.); (D.K.); (V.E.); (A.B.)
| | - Ivana Jovčevska
- Medical Center for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov Trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.Z.); (N.Š.); (I.J.)
| | - Anton Buzdin
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141701, Russia; (V.T.); (D.K.); (V.E.); (A.B.)
- Laboratory of Clinical Genomic Bioinformatics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow 117997, Russia
- European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Subgroup, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
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22
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Garcia JH, Jain S, Aghi MK. Metabolic Drivers of Invasion in Glioblastoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:683276. [PMID: 34277624 PMCID: PMC8281286 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.683276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a primary malignant brain tumor with a median survival under 2 years. The poor prognosis glioblastoma caries is largely due to cellular invasion, which enables escape from resection, and drives inevitable recurrence. While most studies to date have focused on pathways that enhance the invasiveness of tumor cells in the brain microenvironment as the primary driving forces behind GBM’s ability to invade adjacent tissues, more recent studies have identified a role for adaptations in cellular metabolism in GBM invasion. Metabolic reprogramming allows invasive cells to generate the energy necessary for colonizing surrounding brain tissue and adapt to new microenvironments with unique nutrient and oxygen availability. Historically, enhanced glycolysis, even in the presence of oxygen (the Warburg effect) has dominated glioblastoma research with respect to tumor metabolism. More recent global profiling experiments, however, have identified roles for lipid, amino acid, and nucleotide metabolism in tumor growth and invasion. A thorough understanding of the metabolic traits that define invasive GBM cells may provide novel therapeutic targets for this devastating disease. In this review, we focus on metabolic alterations that have been characterized in glioblastoma, the dynamic nature of tumor metabolism and how it is shaped by interaction with the brain microenvironment, and how metabolic reprogramming generates vulnerabilities that may be ripe for exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph H Garcia
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Saket Jain
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Manish K Aghi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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Paolillo M, Comincini S, Schinelli S. In Vitro Glioblastoma Models: A Journey into the Third Dimension. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102449. [PMID: 34070023 PMCID: PMC8157833 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In this review, the thorny issue of glioblastoma models is addressed, with a focus on 3D in vitro models. In the first part of the manuscript, glioblastoma features and classification are recapitulated, in order to highlight the major critical aspects that should be taken into account when choosing a glioblastoma 3D model. In the second part of the review, the 3D models described in the literature are critically discussed, considering the advantages, disadvantages, and feasibility for each experimental model, in the light of the potential issues that researchers want to address. Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most lethal primary brain tumor in adults, with an average survival time of about one year from initial diagnosis. In the attempt to overcome the complexity and drawbacks associated with in vivo GBM models, together with the need of developing systems dedicated to screen new potential drugs, considerable efforts have been devoted to the implementation of reliable and affordable in vitro GBM models. Recent findings on GBM molecular features, revealing a high heterogeneity between GBM cells and also between other non-tumor cells belonging to the tumoral niche, have stressed the limitations of the classical 2D cell culture systems. Recently, several novel and innovative 3D cell cultures models for GBM have been proposed and implemented. In this review, we first describe the different populations and their functional role of GBM and niche non-tumor cells that could be used in 3D models. An overview of the current available 3D in vitro systems for modeling GBM, together with their major weaknesses and strengths, is presented. Lastly, we discuss the impact of groundbreaking technologies, such as bioprinting and multi-omics single cell analysis, on the future implementation of 3D in vitro GBM models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayra Paolillo
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Sergio Comincini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Sergio Schinelli
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
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24
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Silk Fibroin Nanoparticle Functionalization with Arg-Gly-Asp Cyclopentapeptide Promotes Active Targeting for Tumor Site-Specific Delivery. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13051185. [PMID: 33803385 PMCID: PMC7967211 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13051185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Many tumor cell types overexpress integrins, a glycoprotein, on their cell membranes. The tripeptide motif Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) is well-known for being recognized by the integrin superfamily members and can thus be used to actively target nanoparticles containing cytotoxic drugs directly to the tumor cells. According to this strategy, the antitumor activity is boosted, and healthy organs are spared. In this paper, silk fibroin, a naturally derived protein, has been used to prepare nanoparticles (SFNs) functionalized on their surface with RGD. In vitro experiments revealed that functionalization of SFNs with RGD provided active internalization by tumor cells overexpressing integrin receptors. Therefore, RGD-SFNs may be used for tumor-specific delivery of anticancer drugs. Abstract Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-based cyclopentapeptides (cRGDs) have a high affinity towards integrin αvβ3 and αvβ5, which are overexpressed by many tumor cells. Here, curcumin-loaded silk fibroin nanoparticles (SFNs) have been functionalized on the surface with cRGD to provide active targeting towards tumor cells; a “click reaction” between the RGD-based cyclopentapeptide carrying an azide group and triple-bond-functionalized nanoparticles has been exploited. Both naked and functionalized SFNs were less than 200 nm in diameter and showed a round-shaped morphology but, after functionalization, SFNs increased in size and protein molecular weight. The functionalization of SFNs’ surfaces with cRGD provided active internalization by cells overexpressing integrin receptors. At the lowest concentration tested (0.01 mg/mL), functionalized SFNs showed more effective uptake with respect to the naked by tumor cells that overexpress integrin receptors (but not for non-overexpressing ones). In contrast, at higher concentrations, the non-specific cell membrane protein–particle interactions are promoted and coupled to specific and target mediated uptake. Visual observations by fluorescence microscopy suggested that SFNs bind to integrin receptors on the cell surface and are then internalized by endocytosis. Overall, SFN functionalization provided in vitro active targeting for site-specific delivery of anticancer drugs, boosting activity and sparing healthy organs.
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25
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Full-Length TrkB Variant in NSCLC Is Associated with Brain Metastasis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:4193541. [PMID: 33294440 PMCID: PMC7688363 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4193541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Despite remarkable therapeutic advances have been made in the last few decades, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Brain metastases are a common complication of a wide range of human malignancies and in particular NSCLC. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), binding its high-affinity tyrosine kinase B receptor, has been shown to promote cancer progression and metastasis. We hereby investigated the expression of the BDNF and its TrkB receptor in its full-length and truncated isoform T1, in samples from primary adenocarcinomas (ADKs) of the lung and in their metastasis to evaluate if their expression was related to preferential tumor entry into the central nervous system (CNS). By immunohistochemistry, 80% of the ADKs that metastasize to central nervous system expressed TrkB receptor compared to 33% expressing of ADKs without CNS metastasis. Moreover, ADKs with CNS metastasis showed an elevated expression of the full-length TrkB receptor. The TrkB receptor FL/T1 ratio was statistically higher in primary ADKs with brain metastasis compared to ADKs without brain metastasis. Our data indicate that TrkB full-length isoform expression in primary ADK cells may be associated with higher risk to develop brain metastasis. Therefore, TrkB receptor may possess prognostic and therapeutic implications in lung ADK.
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26
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Combination therapy of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) with temozolomide in the treatment of U87MG glioblastoma cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16495. [PMID: 33020527 PMCID: PMC7536419 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73457-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) technology, a relatively novel technique mainly investigated as a stand-alone cancer treatment method in vivo and in vitro, is being proposed for application in conjunction with chemotherapy. In this study, we explore whether CAP, an ionized gas produced in laboratory settings and that operates at near room temperature, can enhance Temozolomide (TMZ) cytotoxicity on a glioblastoma cell line (U87MG). Temozolomide is the first line of treatment for glioblastoma, one of the most aggressive brain tumors that remains incurable despite advancements with treatment modalities. The cellular response to a single CAP treatment followed by three treatments with TMZ was monitored with a cell viability assay. According to the cell viability results, CAP treatment successfully augmented the effect of a cytotoxic TMZ dose (50 μM) and further restored the effect of a non-cytotoxic TMZ dose (10 μM). Application of CAP in conjunction TMZ increased DNA damage measured by the phosphorylation of H2AX and induced G2/M cell cycle arrest. These findings were supported by additional data indicating reduced cell migration and increased αvβ3 and αvβ5 cell surface integrin expression as a result of combined CAP–TMZ treatment. The data presented in this study serve as evidence that CAP technology can be a suitable candidate for combination therapy with existing chemotherapeutic drugs. CAP can also be investigated in future studies for sensitizing glioblastoma cells to TMZ and other drugs available in the market.
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27
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Lei Y, Chen L, Zhang G, Shan A, Ye C, Liang B, Sun J, Liao X, Zhu C, Chen Y, Wang J, Zhang E, Deng L. MicroRNAs target the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway to regulate epithelial‑mesenchymal transition in cancer (Review). Oncol Rep 2020; 44:1299-1313. [PMID: 32700744 PMCID: PMC7448411 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT), during which cancer cells lose the epithelial phenotype and gain the mesenchymal phenotype, has been verified to result in tumor migration and invasion. Numerous studies have shown that dysregulation of the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway gives rise to EMT, which is characterized by nuclear translocation of β‑catenin and E‑cadherin suppression. Wnt/β‑catenin signaling was confirmed to be affected by microRNAs (miRNAs), several of which are down‑ or upregulated in metastatic cancer cells, indicating their complex roles in Wnt/β‑catenin signaling. In this review, we demonstrated the targets of various miRNAs in altering Wnt/β‑catenin signaling to promote or inhibit EMT, which may elucidate the underlying mechanism of EMT regulation by miRNAs and provide evidence for potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of invasive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhe Lei
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Department of Big Data Research of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Aiyun Shan
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Chunfeng Ye
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Bin Liang
- Formula Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Jiayu Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Xin Liao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Changfeng Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Yueyue Chen
- Formula Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Formula Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Enxin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Lijuan Deng
- Formula Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
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28
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Ge BH, Li GC. Long non-coding RNA SNHG17 promotes proliferation, migration and invasion of glioma cells by regulating the miR-23b-3p/ZHX1 axis. J Gene Med 2020; 22:e3247. [PMID: 32602607 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) small nucleolar RNA host gene 17 (SNHG17) is a carcinogenic lncRNA in diverse cancers. The expression pattern and mechanisms of SNHG17 in glioma still await verification. METHODS Paired glioma samples were enrolled. SNHG17, miR-23b-3p, and zinc-fingers and homeoboxes 1 (ZHX1) mRNA expression were examined by a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). SNHG17 short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and miR-23b-3p mimics were transfected into LN229 and U251 cell lines to repress SNHG17 and up-regulate miR-23b-3p expression, respectively. Proliferation, migration and invasion of LN229 and U251 cells were probed by a cell counting kit-8 assay and a Transwell assay. Bioinformatics prediction, dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation assay, qRT-PCR and western blotting were applied to determine the regulatory relationships among SNHG17, miR-23b-3p and ZHX1. RESULTS SNHG17 expression was markedly raised in glioma tissues, which was positively correlated with ZHX1 expression and negatively associated with the expression of miR-23b-3p. After transfection of SNHG17 shRNAs into glioma cells, the proliferation, migration and invasion of cancer cells was markedly restrained. miR-23b-3p mimics the function of SHNG17 knockdown. Furthermore, miR-23b-3p was shown to be negatively modulated by SNHG17, and ZHX1 was identified as a target of miR-23b-3p. CONCLUSIONS SNHG17 is a "competing endogenous RNA" with respect to modulating ZHX1 expression by adsorbing miR-23b-3p and thereby promoting glioma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei-Hai Ge
- Department of Neurology, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Brain Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Guo-Cheng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Brain Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
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29
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Nery de Albuquerque Rego G, da Hora Alves A, Penteado Nucci M, Bustamante Mamani J, Anselmo de Oliveira F, Gamarra LF. Antiangiogenic Targets for Glioblastoma Therapy from a Pre-Clinical Approach, Using Nanoformulations. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124490. [PMID: 32599834 PMCID: PMC7349965 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive tumor type whose resistance to conventional treatment is mediated, in part, by the angiogenic process. New treatments involving the application of nanoformulations composed of encapsulated drugs coupled to peptide motifs that direct drugs to specific targets triggered in angiogenesis have been developed to reach and modulate different phases of this process. We performed a systematic review with the search criterion (Glioblastoma OR Glioma) AND (Therapy OR Therapeutic) AND (Nanoparticle) AND (Antiangiogenic OR Angiogenesis OR Anti-angiogenic) in Pubmed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases, in which 312 articles were identified; of these, only 27 articles were included after selection and analysis of eligibility according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data of the articles were analyzed in five contexts: the characteristics of the tumor cells; the animal models used to induce GBM for antiangiogenic treatment; the composition of nanoformulations and their physical and chemical characteristics; the therapeutic anti-angiogenic process; and methods for assessing the effects on antiangiogenic markers caused by therapies. The articles included in the review were heterogeneous and varied in practically all aspects related to nanoformulations and models. However, there was slight variance in the antiangiogenic effect analysis. CD31 was extensively used as a marker, which does not provide a view of the effects on the most diverse aspects involved in angiogenesis. Therefore, the present review highlighted the need for standardization between the different approaches of antiangiogenic therapy for the GBM model that allows a more effective meta-analysis and that helps in future translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arielly da Hora Alves
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05652-900, Brazil; (G.N.d.A.R.); (A.d.H.A.); (J.B.M.); (F.A.d.O.)
| | - Mariana Penteado Nucci
- LIM44-Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil;
| | - Javier Bustamante Mamani
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05652-900, Brazil; (G.N.d.A.R.); (A.d.H.A.); (J.B.M.); (F.A.d.O.)
| | | | - Lionel Fernel Gamarra
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05652-900, Brazil; (G.N.d.A.R.); (A.d.H.A.); (J.B.M.); (F.A.d.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-11-2151-0243
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30
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Dual Role of WISP1 in maintaining glioma stem cells and tumor-supportive macrophages in glioblastoma. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3015. [PMID: 32541784 PMCID: PMC7295765 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16827-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The interplay between glioma stem cells (GSCs) and the tumor microenvironment plays crucial roles in promoting malignant growth of glioblastoma (GBM), the most lethal brain tumor. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this crosstalk are incompletely understood. Here, we show that GSCs secrete the Wnt‐induced signaling protein 1 (WISP1) to facilitate a pro-tumor microenvironment by promoting the survival of both GSCs and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). WISP1 is preferentially expressed and secreted by GSCs. Silencing WISP1 markedly disrupts GSC maintenance, reduces tumor-supportive TAMs (M2), and potently inhibits GBM growth. WISP1 signals through Integrin α6β1-Akt to maintain GSCs by an autocrine mechanism and M2 TAMs through a paracrine manner. Importantly, inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin-WISP1 signaling by carnosic acid (CA) suppresses GBM tumor growth. Collectively, these data demonstrate that WISP1 plays critical roles in maintaining GSCs and tumor-supportive TAMs in GBM, indicating that targeting Wnt/β-catenin-WISP1 signaling may effectively improve GBM treatment and the patient survival. The tumour microenvironment plays an important role in promoting glioblastoma. Here, the authors show that glioma stem cells secrete WISP1, which promotes both the survival of the stem cells and tumour-associated macrophages.
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Bhat K, Saki M, Vlashi E, Cheng F, Duhachek-Muggy S, Alli C, Yu G, Medina P, He L, Damoiseaux R, Pellegrini M, Zemke NR, Nghiemphu PL, Cloughesy TF, Liau LM, Kornblum HI, Pajonk F. The dopamine receptor antagonist trifluoperazine prevents phenotype conversion and improves survival in mouse models of glioblastoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:11085-11096. [PMID: 32358191 PMCID: PMC7245100 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1920154117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the deadliest adult brain cancer, and all patients ultimately succumb to the disease. Radiation therapy (RT) provides survival benefit of 6 mo over surgery alone, but these results have not improved in decades. We report that radiation induces a glioma-initiating cell phenotype, and we have identified trifluoperazine (TFP) as a compound that interferes with this phenotype conversion. TFP causes loss of radiation-induced Nanog mRNA expression, and activation of GSK3 with consecutive posttranslational reduction in p-Akt, Sox2, and β-catenin protein levels. TFP did not alter the intrinsic radiation sensitivity of glioma-initiating cells (GICs). Continuous treatment with TFP and a single dose of radiation reduced the number of GICs in vivo and prolonged survival in syngeneic and patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) mouse models of GBM. Our findings suggest that the combination of a dopamine receptor antagonist with radiation enhances the efficacy of RT in GBM by preventing radiation-induced phenotype conversion of radiosensitive non-GICs into treatment-resistant, induced GICs (iGICs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kruttika Bhat
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Mohammad Saki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Erina Vlashi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Fei Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Sara Duhachek-Muggy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Claudia Alli
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Garrett Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Paul Medina
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Ling He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Robert Damoiseaux
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
- Molecular Screening Shared Resource, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Matteo Pellegrini
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Nathan R Zemke
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Phioanh Leia Nghiemphu
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Timothy F Cloughesy
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Linda M Liau
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Harley I Kornblum
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
- Neuropsychiatric Institute-Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Frank Pajonk
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095;
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
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Exploring Novel Molecular Targets for the Treatment of High-Grade Astrocytomas Using Peptide Therapeutics: An Overview. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020490. [PMID: 32093304 PMCID: PMC7072800 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse astrocytomas are the most aggressive and lethal glial tumors of the central nervous system (CNS). Their high cellular heterogeneity and the presence of specific barriers, i.e., blood–brain barrier (BBB) and tumor barrier, make these cancers poorly responsive to all kinds of currently available therapies. Standard therapeutic approaches developed to prevent astrocytoma progression, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, do not improve the average survival of patients. However, the recent identification of key genetic alterations and molecular signatures specific for astrocytomas has allowed the advent of novel targeted therapies, potentially more efficient and characterized by fewer side effects. Among others, peptides have emerged as promising therapeutic agents, due to their numerous advantages when compared to standard chemotherapeutics. They can be employed as (i) pharmacologically active agents, which promote the reduction of tumor growth; or (ii) carriers, either to facilitate the translocation of drugs through brain, tumor, and cellular barriers, or to target tumor-specific receptors. Since several pathways are normally altered in malignant gliomas, better outcomes may result from combining multi-target strategies rather than targeting a single effector. In the last years, several preclinical studies with different types of peptides moved in this direction, providing promising results in murine models of disease and opening new perspectives for peptide applications in the treatment of high-grade brain tumors.
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You H, Baluszek S, Kaminska B. Supportive roles of brain macrophages in CNS metastases and assessment of new approaches targeting their functions. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:2949-2964. [PMID: 32194848 PMCID: PMC7053204 DOI: 10.7150/thno.40783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastases to the central nervous system (CNS) occur frequently in adults and their frequency increases with the prolonged survival of cancer patients. Patients with CNS metastases have short survival, and modern therapeutics, while effective for extra-cranial cancers, do not reduce metastatic burden. Tumor cells attract and reprogram stromal cells, including tumor-associated macrophages that support cancer growth by promoting tissue remodeling, invasion, immunosuppression and metastasis. Specific roles of brain resident and infiltrating macrophages in creating a pre-metastatic niche for CNS invading cancer cells are less known. There are populations of CNS resident innate immune cells such as: parenchymal microglia and non-parenchymal, CNS border-associated macrophages that colonize CNS in early development and sustain its homeostasis. In this study we summarize available data on potential roles of different brain macrophages in most common brain metastases. We hypothesize that metastatic cancer cells exploit CNS macrophages and their cytoprotective mechanisms to create a pre-metastatic niche and facilitate metastatic growth. We assess current pharmacological strategies to manipulate functions of brain macrophages and hypothesize on their potential use in a therapy of CNS metastases. We conclude that the current data strongly support a notion that microglia, as well as non-parenchymal macrophages and peripheral infiltrating macrophages, are involved in multiple stages of CNS metastases. Understanding their contribution will lead to development of new therapeutic strategies.
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Integrin Signaling in Glioma Pathogenesis: From Biology to Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030888. [PMID: 32019108 PMCID: PMC7037280 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrins are a large family of transmembrane adhesion receptors, which play a key role in interactions of a cell with the surrounding stroma. Integrins are comprised of non-covalently linked α and β chains, which form heterodimeric receptor complexes. The signals from integrin receptors are combined with those originating from growth factor receptors and participate in orchestrating morphological changes of cells, organization of the cytoskeleton, stimulation of cell proliferation and rescuing cells from programmed cell death induced by extracellular matrix (ECM) detachment. Upon binding to specific ligands or ECM components, integrin dimers activate downstream signaling pathways, including focal adhesion kinase, phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) and AKT kinases, which regulate migration, invasion, proliferation and survival. Expression of specific integrins is upregulated in both tumor cells and stromal cells in a tumor microenvironment. Therefore, integrins became an attractive therapeutic target for many cancers, including the most common primary brain tumors-gliomas. In this review we provide an overview of the involvement of integrin signaling in glioma pathogenesis, formation of the tumor niche and brain tissue infiltration. We will summarize up-to-date therapeutic strategies for gliomas focused on interference with integrin ligand-receptor signaling.
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Huang EW, Bhope A, Lim J, Sinha S, Emad A. Tissue-guided LASSO for prediction of clinical drug response using preclinical samples. PLoS Comput Biol 2020; 16:e1007607. [PMID: 31967990 PMCID: PMC6975549 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Prediction of clinical drug response (CDR) of cancer patients, based on their clinical and molecular profiles obtained prior to administration of the drug, can play a significant role in individualized medicine. Machine learning models have the potential to address this issue but training them requires data from a large number of patients treated with each drug, limiting their feasibility. While large databases of drug response and molecular profiles of preclinical in-vitro cancer cell lines (CCLs) exist for many drugs, it is unclear whether preclinical samples can be used to predict CDR of real patients. We designed a systematic approach to evaluate how well different algorithms, trained on gene expression and drug response of CCLs, can predict CDR of patients. Using data from two large databases, we evaluated various linear and non-linear algorithms, some of which utilized information on gene interactions. Then, we developed a new algorithm called TG-LASSO that explicitly integrates information on samples' tissue of origin with gene expression profiles to improve prediction performance. Our results showed that regularized regression methods provide better prediction performance. However, including the network information or common methods of including information on the tissue of origin did not improve the results. On the other hand, TG-LASSO improved the predictions and distinguished resistant and sensitive patients for 7 out of 13 drugs. Additionally, TG-LASSO identified genes associated with the drug response, including known targets and pathways involved in the drugs' mechanism of action. Moreover, genes identified by TG-LASSO for multiple drugs in a tissue were associated with patient survival. In summary, our analysis suggests that preclinical samples can be used to predict CDR of patients and identify biomarkers of drug sensitivity and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward W. Huang
- Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Ameya Bhope
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, Canada
| | - Jing Lim
- Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Saurabh Sinha
- Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, United States of America
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, United States of America
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Amin Emad
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, Canada
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孙 佳. Relative Expression of Integrin β1 in Cyprinid Herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3) Virus. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.12677/ije.2020.92019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Nakod PS, Kim Y, Rao SS. Three-dimensional biomimetic hyaluronic acid hydrogels to investigate glioblastoma stem cell behaviors. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 117:511-522. [PMID: 31691953 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the deadliest form of primary brain tumor. GBM tumors are highly heterogeneous, being composed of tumor cells as well as glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) that contribute to drug resistance and tumor recurrence following treatment. To develop therapeutic strategies, an improved understanding of GSC behavior in their microenvironment is critical. Herein, we have employed three-dimensional (3D) hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels that allow the incorporation of brain microenvironmental cues to investigate GSC behavior. U87 cell line and patient-derived D456 cells were cultured as suspension cultures (serum-free) and adherently (in the presence of serum) and were then encapsulated in HA hydrogels. We observed that all the seeded single cells expanded and formed spheres, and the size of the spheres increased with time. Increasing the initial cell seeding density of cells influenced the sphere size distribution. Interestingly, clonal expansion of serum-free grown tumor cells in HA hydrogels was observed. Also, stemness marker expression of serum and/or serum-free grown cells was altered when cultured in HA hydrogels. Finally, we demonstrated that HA hydrogels can support long-term GSC culture (up to 60 days) with retention of stemness markers. Overall, such biomimetic culture systems could further our understanding of the microenvironmental regulation of GSC phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinaki S Nakod
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama
| | - Yonghyun Kim
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama
| | - Shreyas S Rao
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama
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Serra M, Bernardi E, Lorenzi ED, Colombo L. Synthesis of Functionalized 6,5- and 7,5-Azabicycloalkane Amino Acids by Metathesis Reactions. J Org Chem 2019; 84:15726-15734. [PMID: 31693859 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Azabicyclo[4.3.0]- and [5.3.0]alkanone amino acid derivatives were easily prepared by submitting the same starting dipeptide to a direct ring-closing enyne metathesis or an ethylene-mediated cross-enyne metathesis/ring-closing metathesis, respectively. The reactivity of the newly synthesized 6,5- and 7,5-fused bicyclic scaffolds was then investigated to obtain variously functionalized derivatives with potential applications in the field of peptides/peptidomimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Serra
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section , University of Pavia , Viale Taramelli 12 , 27100 Pavia , Italy
| | - Eric Bernardi
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section , University of Pavia , Viale Taramelli 12 , 27100 Pavia , Italy
| | - Ersilia De Lorenzi
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section , University of Pavia , Viale Taramelli 12 , 27100 Pavia , Italy
| | - Lino Colombo
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section , University of Pavia , Viale Taramelli 12 , 27100 Pavia , Italy
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39
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Zhang LY, Guo Q, Guan GF, Cheng W, Cheng P, Wu AH. Integrin Beta 5 Is a Prognostic Biomarker and Potential Therapeutic Target in Glioblastoma. Front Oncol 2019; 9:904. [PMID: 31616629 PMCID: PMC6764112 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most lethal cancer of the central nervous system. Integrin beta 5 (ITGB5) is thought to be involved in intercellular signal transduction and regulation of tumor initiation and progression. However, the function of ITGB5 in GBM is not known. Methods: To address this question, we evaluated the expression level of ITGB5 in clinical specimens by immunohistochemistry and western blotting, as well as the association between ITGB5 expression and GBM patient survival using data from Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas and The Cancer Genome Atlas. The biological function of ITGB5 in GBM was investigated by Gene Ontology, gene set enrichment, and in vitro loss-of-function experiments using glioma cells. Results: Among integrin family members, ITGB5 showed the greatest difference in expression between low-grade glioma and GBM. Elevated ITGB5 expression was highly correlated with glioma progression and a mesenchymal subtype and poor survival in GBM patients. ITGB5 was found to be associated with regulation of the immune response and angiogenesis in GBM, and was required for migration and invasion of glioma cells and tube formation by endothelial cells. Conclusions: These data indicate that ITGB5 can serve as a predictive biomarker for GBM patient survival and is a potential therapeutic target in GBM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Yang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qing Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ge-Fei Guan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wen Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - An-Hua Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,College of Applied Technology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Sinigaglia M, Assi T, Besson FL, Ammari S, Edjlali M, Feltus W, Rozenblum-Beddok L, Zhao B, Schwartz LH, Mokrane FZ, Dercle L. Imaging-guided precision medicine in glioblastoma patients treated with immune checkpoint modulators: research trend and future directions in the field of imaging biomarkers and artificial intelligence. EJNMMI Res 2019; 9:78. [PMID: 31432278 PMCID: PMC6702257 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-019-0542-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies that employ immune checkpoint modulators (ICMs) have emerged as an effective treatment for a variety of solid cancers, as well as a paradigm shift in the treatment of cancers. Despite this breakthrough, the median survival time of glioblastoma patients has remained at about 2 years. Therefore, the safety and anti-cancer efficacy of combination therapies that include ICMs are being actively investigated. Because of the distinct mechanisms of ICMs, which restore the immune system’s anti-tumor capacity, unconventional immune-related phenomena are increasingly being reported in terms of tumor response and progression, as well as adverse events. Indeed, immunotherapy response assessments for neuro-oncology (iRANO) play a central role in guiding cancer patient management and define a “wait and see strategy” for patients treated with ICMs in monotherapy with progressive disease on MRI. This article deciphers emerging research trends to ameliorate four challenges unaddressed by the iRANO criteria: (1) patient selection, (2) identification of immune-related phenomena other than pseudoprogression (i.e., hyperprogression, the abscopal effect, immune-related adverse events), (3) response assessment in combination therapies including ICM, and (4) alternatives to MRI. To this end, our article provides a structured approach for standardized selection and reporting of imaging modalities to enable the use of precision medicine by deciphering the characteristics of the tumor and its immune environment. Emerging preclinical or clinical innovations are also discussed as future directions such as immune-specific targeting and implementation of artificial intelligence algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Sinigaglia
- Department of Imaging Nuclear Medicine, Institut Claudius Regaud-Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Tarek Assi
- Département de médecine oncologique, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Florent L Besson
- Department of Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine, Bicêtre University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 78 rue du Général Leclerc, 94275, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,IR4M-UMR 8081, CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Samy Ammari
- Département d'imagerie médicale, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Myriam Edjlali
- INSERM U894, Service d'imagerie morphologique et fonctionnelle, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Université Paris Descartes, 1, rue Cabanis, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Whitney Feltus
- Department of Radiology, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10039, USA
| | - Laura Rozenblum-Beddok
- Service de Médecine Nucléaire, AP-HP, Hôpital La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Binsheng Zhao
- Department of Radiology, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10039, USA
| | - Lawrence H Schwartz
- Department of Radiology, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10039, USA
| | - Fatima-Zohra Mokrane
- Department of Radiology, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10039, USA.,Département d'imagerie médicale, CHU Rangueil, Université Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurent Dercle
- Department of Radiology, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10039, USA. .,UMR1015, Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Saclay, 94800, Villejuif, France.
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41
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Molecular and Clinical Insights into the Invasive Capacity of Glioblastoma Cells. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:1740763. [PMID: 31467533 PMCID: PMC6699388 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1740763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The invasive capacity of GBM is one of the key tumoral features associated with treatment resistance, recurrence, and poor overall survival. The molecular machinery underlying GBM invasiveness comprises an intricate network of signaling pathways and interactions with the extracellular matrix and host cells. Among them, PI3k/Akt, Wnt, Hedgehog, and NFkB play a crucial role in the cellular processes related to invasion. A better understanding of these pathways could potentially help in developing new therapeutic approaches with better outcomes. Nevertheless, despite significant advances made over the last decade on these molecular and cellular mechanisms, they have not been translated into the clinical practice. Moreover, targeting the infiltrative tumor and its significance regarding outcome is still a major clinical challenge. For instance, the pre- and intraoperative methods used to identify the infiltrative tumor are limited when trying to accurately define the tumor boundaries and the burden of tumor cells in the infiltrated parenchyma. Besides, the impact of treating the infiltrative tumor remains unclear. Here we aim to highlight the molecular and clinical hallmarks of invasion in GBM.
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42
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Staquicini FI, Smith TL, Tang FHF, Gelovani JG, Giordano RJ, Libutti SK, Sidman RL, Cavenee WK, Arap W, Pasqualini R. Targeted AAVP-based therapy in a mouse model of human glioblastoma: a comparison of cytotoxic versus suicide gene delivery strategies. Cancer Gene Ther 2019; 27:301-310. [PMID: 31130731 PMCID: PMC6879804 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-019-0101-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma persists as a uniformly deadly diagnosis for patients and effective therapeutic options are gravely needed. Recently, targeted gene therapy approaches are reemerging as attractive experimental clinical agents. Our ligand-directed hybrid virus of adeno-associated virus and phage (AAVP) is a targeted gene delivery vector that has been used in several formulations displaying targeting ligand peptides to deliver clinically applicable transgenes. Here we compared different constructs side-by-side in a tumor model, an orthotopic model of xenograft human glioblastoma cells stereotactically implanted in immunodeficient mice. We have used divergent therapeutic strategies for two AAVP constructs, both displaying a double-cyclic RGD4C motif ligand specific for alpha V integrins expressed in tumor vascular endothelium, but carrying different genes of interest for the treatment of intracranial xenografted tumors. One construct delivered tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a purely cytotoxic gene for antitumor activity (RGD4C-AAVP-TNF); in the other construct, we delivered Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSVtk) for in tandem molecular-genetic imaging and targeted therapy (RGD4C-AAVP-HSVtk) utilizing ganciclovir (GCV) for a suicide gene therapy. Both AAVP constructs demonstrated antitumor activity, with damage to the tumor-associated neovasculature and induction of cell death evident after treatment. In addition, the ability to monitor transgene expression with a radiolabeled HSVtk substrate pre and post GCV treatment demonstrated the theranostic potential of RGD4C-AAVP-HSVtk. We conclude that targeted AAVP constructs delivering either cytotoxic TNF or theranostic HSVtk followed by suicide gene therapy with GCV have comparable preclinical efficacy, at least in this standard experimental model. The results presented here provide a blueprint for future studies of targeted gene delivery against human glioblastomas and other brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda I Staquicini
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Tracey L Smith
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Fenny H F Tang
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juri G Gelovani
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, School of Medicine and Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ricardo J Giordano
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Steven K Libutti
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Richard L Sidman
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Webster K Cavenee
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wadih Arap
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
| | - Renata Pasqualini
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
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DiPersio CM, Van De Water L. Integrin Regulation of CAF Differentiation and Function. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11050715. [PMID: 31137641 PMCID: PMC6563118 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11050715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Extensive remodeling of the extracellular matrix, together with paracrine communication between tumor cells and stromal cells, contribute to an “activated” tumor microenvironment that supports malignant growth and progression. These stromal cells include inflammatory cells, endothelial cells, and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Integrins are expressed on all tumor and stromal cell types where they regulate both cell adhesion and bidirectional signal transduction across the cell membrane. In this capacity, integrins control pro-tumorigenic cell autonomous functions such as growth and survival, as well as paracrine crosstalk between tumor cells and stromal cells. The myofibroblast-like properties of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), such as robust contractility and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, allow them to generate both chemical and mechanical signals that support invasive tumor growth. In this review, we discuss the roles of integrins in regulating the ability of CAFs to generate and respond to extracellular cues in the tumor microenvironment. Since functions of specific integrins in CAFs are only beginning to emerge, we take advantage of a more extensive literature on how integrins regulate wound myofibroblast differentiation and function, as some of these integrin functions are likely to extrapolate to CAFs within the tumor microenvironment. In addition, we discuss the roles that integrins play in controlling paracrine signals that emanate from epithelial/tumor cells to stimulate fibroblasts/CAFs.
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Gao H, Luo C, Yang G, Du S, Li X, Zhao H, Shi J, Wang F. Improved in Vivo Targeting Capability and Pharmacokinetics of 99mTc-Labeled isoDGR by Dimerization and Albumin-Binding for Glioma Imaging. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:2038-2048. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jiyun Shi
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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Autier L, Clavreul A, Cacicedo ML, Franconi F, Sindji L, Rousseau A, Perrot R, Montero-Menei CN, Castro GR, Menei P. A new glioblastoma cell trap for implantation after surgical resection. Acta Biomater 2019; 84:268-279. [PMID: 30465922 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is a highly infiltrative tumor, recurring, in 90% of cases, within a few centimeters of the surgical resection cavity, even with adjuvant chemo/radiotherapy. Residual GB cells left in the margins or infiltrating the brain parenchyma shelter behind the extremely fragile and sensitive brain tissue and may favor recurrence. Tools for eliminating these cells without damaging the brain microenvironment are urgently required. We propose a strategy involving the implantation, into the tumor bed after resection, of a scaffold to concentrate and trap these cells, to facilitate their destruction by targeted therapies, such as stereotactic radiosurgery. We used bacterial cellulose (BC), an easily synthesized and modifiable random nanofibrous biomaterial, to make the trap. We showed that the structure of BC membranes was ideal for trapping tumor cells and that BC implants were biocompatible with brain parenchyma. We also demonstrated the visibility of BC on magnetic resonance imaging, making it possible to follow its fate in clinical situations and to define the target volume for stereotactic radiosurgery more precisely. Furthermore, BC membranes can be loaded with chemoattractants, which were released and attracted tumor cells in vitro. This is of particular interest for trapping GB cells infiltrating tissues within a few centimeters of the resection cavity. Our data suggest that BC membranes could be a scaffold of choice for implantation after surgical resection to trap residual GB cells. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Glioblastoma is a highly infiltrative tumor, recurring, in 90% of cases, within a few centimeters of the surgical resection cavity, even with adjuvant chemo/radiotherapy. Residual tumor cells left in the margins or infiltrating the brain parenchyma shelter behind the extremely fragile and sensitive brain tissue and contribute to the risk of recurrence. Finding tools to eliminate these cells without damaging the brain microenvironment is a real challenge. We propose a strategy involving the implantation, into the walls of the surgical resection cavity, of a scaffold to concentrate and trap the residual tumor cells, to facilitate their destruction by targeted therapies, such as stereotactic radiosurgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lila Autier
- Département de Neurochirurgie, CHU, Angers, France; CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Angers, France; Département de Neurologie, CHU, Angers, France
| | - Anne Clavreul
- Département de Neurochirurgie, CHU, Angers, France; CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Angers, France.
| | - Maximiliano L Cacicedo
- Nanobiomaterials Lab, CINDEFI, School of Sciences, National University of La Plata-CONICET (CCT La Plata), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florence Franconi
- PRISM, Plate-forme de recherche en imagerie et spectroscopie multi-modales, PRISM-Icat, UNIV Angers, Angers, France; MINT, Micro & Nanomedecines Translationnelles, UNIV Angers, INSERM U1066, CNRS UMR 6021, Angers, France
| | - Laurence Sindji
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Audrey Rousseau
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Angers, France; Laboratoire Pathologie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, CHU, Angers, France
| | - Rodolphe Perrot
- SCIAM, Service Commun d'Imageries et d'Analyses Microscopiques, UNIV Angers, Angers, France
| | | | - Guillermo R Castro
- Nanobiomaterials Lab, CINDEFI, School of Sciences, National University of La Plata-CONICET (CCT La Plata), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Philippe Menei
- Département de Neurochirurgie, CHU, Angers, France; CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
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Sacco G, Dal Corso A, Arosio D, Belvisi L, Paolillo M, Pignataro L, Gennari C. A dimeric bicyclic RGD ligand displays enhanced integrin binding affinity and strong biological effects on U-373 MG glioblastoma cells. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:8913-8917. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01811e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A C2-symmetric dimeric bicyclic integrin ligand, bearing two RGD motifs, displays enhanced biological effects compared to monovalent RGD analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Sacco
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Milan
- Italy
| | | | - Daniela Arosio
- CNR
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (ISTM)
- Milan
- Italy
| | - Laura Belvisi
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Milan
- Italy
- CNR
| | - Mayra Paolillo
- Università degli Studi di Pavia
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco
- 27100 Pavia
- Italy
| | - Luca Pignataro
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Milan
- Italy
| | - Cesare Gennari
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Milan
- Italy
- CNR
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Khan AR, Yang X, Fu M, Zhai G. Recent progress of drug nanoformulations targeting to brain. J Control Release 2018; 291:37-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Sharma P, Debinski W. Receptor-Targeted Glial Brain Tumor Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3326. [PMID: 30366424 PMCID: PMC6274942 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Among primary brain tumors, malignant gliomas are notably difficult to manage. The higher-grade tumors represent an unmet need in medicine. There have been extensive efforts to implement receptor-targeted therapeutic approaches directed against gliomas. These approaches include immunotherapies, such as vaccines, adoptive immunotherapy, and passive immunotherapy. Targeted cytotoxic radio energy and pro-drug activation have been designed specifically for brain tumors. The field of targeting through receptors progressed significantly with the discovery of an interleukin 13 receptor alpha 2 (IL-13RA2) as a tumor-associated receptor over-expressed in most patients with glioblastoma (GBM) but not in normal brain. IL-13RA2 has been exploited in novel experimental therapies with very encouraging clinical responses. Other receptors are specifically over-expressed in many patients with GBM, such as EphA2 and EphA3 receptors, among others. These findings are important in view of the heterogeneity of GBM tumors and multiple tumor compartments responsible for tumor progression and resistance to therapies. The combined targeting of multiple receptors in different tumor compartments should be a preferred way to design novel receptor-targeted therapeutic approaches in gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Sharma
- Brain Tumor Center of Excellence, Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center of Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, 1 Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
| | - Waldemar Debinski
- Brain Tumor Center of Excellence, Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center of Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, 1 Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
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Mendes M, Sousa JJ, Pais A, Vitorino C. Targeted Theranostic Nanoparticles for Brain Tumor Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2018; 10:E181. [PMID: 30304861 PMCID: PMC6321593 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics10040181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The poor prognosis and rapid recurrence of glioblastoma (GB) are associated to its fast-growing process and invasive nature, which make difficult the complete removal of the cancer infiltrated tissues. Additionally, GB heterogeneity within and between patients demands a patient-focused method of treatment. Thus, the implementation of nanotechnology is an attractive approach considering all anatomic issues of GB, since it will potentially improve brain drug distribution, due to the interaction between the blood⁻brain barrier and nanoparticles (NPs). In recent years, theranostic techniques have also been proposed and regarded as promising. NPs are advantageous for this application, due to their respective size, easy surface modification and versatility to integrate multiple functional components in one system. The design of nanoparticles focused on therapeutic and diagnostic applications has increased exponentially for the treatment of cancer. This dual approach helps to understand the location of the tumor tissue, the biodistribution of nanoparticles, the progress and efficacy of the treatment, and is highly useful for personalized medicine-based therapeutic interventions. To improve theranostic approaches, different active strategies can be used to modulate the surface of the nanotheranostic particle, including surface markers, proteins, drugs or genes, and take advantage of the characteristics of the microenvironment using stimuli responsive triggers. This review focuses on the different strategies to improve the GB treatment, describing some cell surface markers and their ligands, and reports some strategies, and their efficacy, used in the current research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Mendes
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - João José Sousa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Alberto Pais
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Carla Vitorino
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal.
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
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Yang M, Xu W, Wang Y, Jiang X, Li Y, Yang Y, Yuan H. CD11b-activated Src signal attenuates neuroinflammatory pain by orchestrating inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in microglia. Mol Pain 2018; 14:1744806918808150. [PMID: 30280656 PMCID: PMC6311569 DOI: 10.1177/1744806918808150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation plays an important role in the induction and maintenance of chronic pain. Orchestra of pattern-recognition receptor-induced pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines is critical for inflammation homeostasis. CD11b on macrophages could inhibit toll-like receptor (TLR) activation-induced inflammatory responses. However, the function of CD11b on microglia remains unknown. In the current study, we demonstrated that CD11b-deficient microglia cells produced more inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha, while less anti-inflammatory cytokines. Signal transduction assay confirmed that nuclear factor-κB activation was increased in CD11b-deficient microglia cells, which resulted from decreased activation of Src. Inhibition of Src by PP1 increased inflammation in wild-type microglia cells significantly, but not in CD11b-deficient microglia cells. In vivo, CD11b-deficient mice were more susceptible to chronic constrictive injury-induced allodynia and hyperalgesia with significantly more inflammatory cytokines expression. All these results indicated that the regulatory function of CD11b-Src signal pathway on both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in microglia cells is a potential target in neuropathic pain treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyun Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiru Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingke Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajuan Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbin Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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