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Avagimyan A, Kajaia N, Gabunia L, Trofimenko A, Sulashvili N, Sanikidze T, Gorgaslidze N, Challa A, Sheibani M. The place of beta-adrenergic receptor blockers in the treatment of arterial hypertension: From bench-to-bedside. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102734. [PMID: 38944226 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Arterial hypertension is a multifaceted condition influenced by numerous pathophysiological factors. The key contributors to its pathogenesis encompass an unhealthy lifestyle, dysregulation of the sympathetic nervous system, alterations in the activity of adrenergic receptors, disruptions in sodium metabolism, structural and functional abnormalities in the vascular bed, as well as endothelial dysfunction, low-grade inflammation, oxidative stress etc. Despite extensive research into the mechanisms of arterial hypertension development over the centuries, its pathogenesis remains incompletely understood, and the selection of an effective treatment strategy continues to pose a significant challenge. Arterial hypertension is characterized by a diminished sensitivity of the β-adrenergic system, leading to the utilization of β-adrenergic blockers and other antihypertensive drugs in its treatment. This review delves into the mechanisms of action of beta-adrenergic receptor blockers in the treatment of hypertension and their respective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashot Avagimyan
- Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia.
| | - Nana Kajaia
- Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
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Miller JC, Satheesh Babu AK, Petersen C, Wankhade UD, Robeson MS, Putich MN, Mueller JE, O'Farrell AS, Cho JM, Chintapalli SV, Jalili T, Symons JD, Anandh Babu PV. Gut Microbes Are Associated with the Vascular Beneficial Effects of Dietary Strawberry on Metabolic Syndrome-Induced Vascular Inflammation. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2200112. [PMID: 36112603 PMCID: PMC9691581 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Metabolic syndrome (MetS) alters the gut microbial ecology and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. This study investigates whether strawberry consumption reduces vascular complications in an animal model of MetS and identifies whether this effect is associated with changes in the composition of gut microbes. METHODS AND RESULTS Seven-week-old male mice consume diets with 10% (C) or 60% kcal from fat (high-fat diet fed mice; HF) for 12 weeks and subgroups are fed a 2.35% freeze-dried strawberry supplemented diet (C+SB or HF+SB). This nutritional dose is equivalent to ≈160 g of strawberry. After 12 weeks treatment, vascular inflammation is enhanced in HF versus C mice as shown by an increased monocyte binding to vasculature, elevated serum chemokines, and increased mRNA expression of inflammatory molecules. However, strawberry supplementation suppresses vascular inflammation in HF+SB versus HF mice. Metabolic variables, blood pressure, and indices of vascular function were similar among the groups. Further, the abundance of opportunistic microbe is decreased in HF+SB. Importantly, circulating chemokines are positively associated with opportunistic microbes and negatively associated with the commensal microbes (Bifidobacterium and Facalibaculum). CONCLUSION Dietary strawberry decreases the abundance of opportunistic microbe and this is associated with a decrease in vascular inflammation resulting from MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Coleman Miller
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | | | - Chrissa Petersen
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Umesh D Wankhade
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Michael S Robeson
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Madison Nicole Putich
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Jennifer Ellen Mueller
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Aubrey Sarah O'Farrell
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Jae Min Cho
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes; and Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Sree V Chintapalli
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Thunder Jalili
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - John David Symons
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes; and Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Pon Velayutham Anandh Babu
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
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Ibrahim WS, Ahmed HMS, Mahmoud AAA, Mahmoud MF, Ibrahim IAAEH. Propranolol and low-dose isoproterenol ameliorate insulin resistance, enhance β-arrestin2 signaling, and reduce cardiac remodeling in high-fructose, high-fat diet-fed mice: Comparative study with metformin. Life Sci 2021; 286:120055. [PMID: 34662551 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
AIMS β-Arrestin2 signaling has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for the management of insulin resistance and related complications. Moreover, recent studies have shown that certain G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) ligands can modulate β-arrestin2 signaling. The current study examined the effects of the β-blocker propranolol and a low dose of the agonist isoproterenol (L-D-ISOPROT) on β-arrestin2 signaling, insulin resistance, and cardiac remodeling in high-fructose, high-fat diet (HFrHFD)-fed mice. In addition, the effects of these agents were compared to those of the clinical antidiabetic agent, metformin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Insulin resistance was induced by HFrHFD feeding for 16 weeks. Mice were then randomly allocated to groups receiving propranolol, L-D-ISOPROT, metformin, or vehicle (control) for 4 weeks starting on week 13 of HFrHFD feeding. Survival rate, body weight, visceral fat weight, blood glucose, serum insulin, insulin resistance index, hepatic β-arrestin2 signaling, heart weight, left and right ventricular thicknesses, cardiac fibrosis severity, serum endothelin-1, cardiac cardiotrophin-1, and cardiac β-arrestin2 signaling were then compared among groups. KEY FINDINGS HFrHFD for 16 weeks significantly increased insulin resistance index, cardiac fibrosis area, and serum endothelin-1, and reduced hepatic β-arrestin2 signaling, cardiac cardiotrophin-1, and cardiac β-arrestin2 signaling without significant changes in survival rate, body weight, visceral fat weight, heart weight, or left and right ventricular thicknesses. All three drugs reduced insulin resistance and cardiac remodeling parameters and enhanced β-arrestin2 signaling with variable efficacies. SIGNIFICANCE Propranolol and L-D-ISOPROT, like metformin, can reduce insulin-resistance and cardiac remodeling in HFrHFD-fed mice, possibly by upregulating β-arrestin2 signaling activity. Therefore, β-arrestin2-signaling modulation might be a promising strategy for insulin-resistance treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael S Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hoda M S Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Egypt; Medical Supply Chain, Abo-Hammad Health Administration, Ministry of Health, Egypt
| | - Amr A A Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Mona F Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Islam A A E-H Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Egypt.
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Wang Z, Hou Y, Ren S, Liu Z, Zuo Z, Huang S, Wang W, Wang H, Chen Y, Xu Y, Yamamoto M, Zhang Q, Fu J, Pi J. CL316243 treatment mitigates the inflammation in white adipose tissues of juvenile adipocyte-specific Nfe2l1 knockout mice. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 165:289-298. [PMID: 33545311 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 1 (NFE2L1) is a key transcription factor that regulates cellular adaptive responses to various stresses. Our previous studies revealed that adult adipocyte-specific Nfe2l1-knockout [Nfe2l1(f)-KO] mice show adipocyte hypertrophy and severe adipose inflammation, which can be worsened by rosiglitazone, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ agonist. To further assess the crucial roles of NFE2L1 in adipocytes, we investigated the effect of CL316243, a β3 adrenergic agonist that promotes lipolysis via a post-translational mechanism, on adipose inflammation in juvenile Nfe2l1(f)-KO mice. In contrast to adult mice, 4-week-old juvenile Nfe2l1(f)-KO mice displayed a normal fat distribution but reduced fasting plasma glycerol levels and elevated adipocyte hypertrophy and macrophage infiltration in inguinal and gonadal WAT. In addition, Nfe2l1(f)-KO mice had decreased expression of multiple lipolytic genes and reduced lipolytic activity in WAT. While 7 days of CL316243 treatment showed no significant effect on adipose inflammation in Nfe2l1-Floxed control mice, the same treatment dramatically alleviated macrophage infiltration and mRNA expression of inflammation and pyroptosis-related genes in WAT of Nfe2l1(f)-KO mice. Together with previous findings in adult mice, the current study highlights that NFE2L1 plays a fundamental regulatory role in lipolytic gene expression and thus might be an important target to improve adipose plasticity and lipid homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhendi Wang
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, PR China
| | - Yongyong Hou
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, PR China
| | - Suping Ren
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, PR China
| | - Zhiyuan Liu
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, PR China
| | - Zhuo Zuo
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, PR China
| | - Sicui Huang
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, PR China
| | - Wanqi Wang
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, PR China
| | - Huihui Wang
- Group of Chronic Disease and Environmental Genomics, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, PR China
| | - Yanyan Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing North Road, Heping Area, Shenyang, 110001, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- Group of Chronic Disease and Environmental Genomics, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, PR China; Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Toxic and Biological Effects of Arsenic, China Medical University, No 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, PR China
| | - Masayuki Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Jingqi Fu
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, PR China.
| | - Jingbo Pi
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, PR China; Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Toxic and Biological Effects of Arsenic, China Medical University, No 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, PR China.
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Guizoni DM, Freitas IN, Victorio JA, Possebom IR, Araujo TR, Carneiro EM, Davel AP. Taurine treatment reverses protein malnutrition-induced endothelial dysfunction of the pancreatic vasculature: The role of hydrogen sulfide. Metabolism 2021; 116:154701. [PMID: 33417894 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein malnutrition in childhood predisposes individuals to vascular and pancreatic endocrine dysfunction, thus increasing the risk of diabetes and hypertension. Because taurine may reduce cardiometabolic risk, we hypothesized that taurine treatment has a beneficial effect on the pancreatic vasculature during protein restriction. METHODS AND RESULTS Weaned mice were fed a normal or a low-protein diet and were treated with or without taurine for 3 months. The lieno-pancreatic artery (LPA) from low-protein diet-treated mice exhibited impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation to acetylcholine that was associated with decreased endothelium-derived hyperpolarization (EDH), hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production, and H2S-synthesizing CBS expression and impaired vasorelaxation to an H2S-donor, NaHS. These changes were prevented by taurine treatment. We compared the effects of taurine with the effects of the direct vasodilator hydralazine and found that both normalized blood pressure and the endothelial vasodilator function of the LPA in the mice fed a protein-restricted diet. However, only taurine restored the CBS expression in the LPA and insulin secretion in response to high glucose. The LPA supplies the pancreas and shares morphometry with the mesenteric resistance artery (MRA). However, in the MRA, low-protein diet-induced endothelial dysfunction is driven by impaired NOS-derived NO with no changes in H2S signaling. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that taurine protects against protein malnutrition-induced endothelial dysfunction in the LPA by upregulating the CBS-H2S pathway. Considering the importance of the pancreatic vasculature for endocrine islet activity, taurine may be a potential therapy for the vascular and metabolic dysfunction associated with malnutrition and comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele M Guizoni
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Institute of Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Israelle N Freitas
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Institute of Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Jamaira A Victorio
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Institute of Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Isabela R Possebom
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Institute of Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Thiago R Araujo
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center-OCRC, Institute of Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Everardo M Carneiro
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center-OCRC, Institute of Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana P Davel
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Institute of Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Pan C, Zhao Y, Yang Y, Yang M, Hong Q, Yang Z, Zhang Q. Immobilization of bioactive complex on the surface of magnesium alloy stent material to simultaneously improve anticorrosion, hemocompatibility and antibacterial activities. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 199:111541. [PMID: 33360929 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Magnesium alloy represents one of the most potential biodegradable vascular stent materials due to its good biodegradability, biocompatibility and suitable mechanical properties, whereas the rapid degradation in physiological environment and the limited biocompatibility remain the challenges. In this study, graphene oxide (GO) was firstly functionalized by chitosan (GOCS), followed by loading zinc ions and propranolol to obtain GOCS@Zn/Pro complex, which was finally covalently immobilized on the self-assembled modified magnesium alloy surface to enhance the corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. The multi-functional coating can significantly improve the corrosion resistance and reduce the degradation rate of the magnesium alloy. Furthermore, the coating can significantly inhibit platelet adhesion and activation, reduce hemolysis rate, prolong activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and thus improve the blood compatibility of the magnesium alloy. In addition, the modified magnesium alloy can not only significantly promote the endothelial cell adhesion and proliferation, up-regulate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and nitric oxide (NO), but also endow the materials with good antibacterial properties. Therefore, the method of the present study can be used to modify magnesium alloy stent materials to simultaneously enhance corrosion resistance and blood compatibility, promote endothelialilization, and inhibit infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjiang Pan
- Faculty of Mechanical and Material Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China.
| | - Yongjuan Zhao
- The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an 223003, China
| | - Ya Yang
- The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an 223003, China
| | - Minghui Yang
- Faculty of Mechanical and Material Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China
| | - Qingxiang Hong
- Faculty of Mechanical and Material Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China
| | - Zhongmei Yang
- Faculty of Mechanical and Material Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China
| | - Qiuyang Zhang
- Faculty of Mechanical and Material Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China
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Li X, Shi W, Xiong Q, Hu Y, Qin X, Wan G, Zeng Q. Leptin improves intestinal flora dysfunction in mice with high-fat diet-induced obesity. J Int Med Res 2020; 48:300060520920062. [PMID: 32529880 PMCID: PMC7294385 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520920062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the effects of leptin on intestinal flora and inflammation in mice with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. METHODS Mice were fed an HFD for 8 weeks; some were concurrently administered oral leptin for 4 weeks. Pathological changes in adipose tissue were detected using hematoxylin-eosin staining; endotoxin content in adipose tissue was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Intestinal flora were characterized by 16S bacterial rDNA sequencing. Levels of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor-κB inhibitor α (IκB-α), and phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK) were detected by western blotting. RESULTS Mice in the HFD group exhibited weight gain, elevated endotoxin content, and adipocyte hypertrophy, compared with the non-obese control group. Moreover, abundance of bacteria in the Bacteroides genus and community diversity were both reduced in the HFD group; reductions also were observed at corresponding phylum, class, and order levels. Levels of TLR4, IκB-α, and p-JNK were also elevated in the HFD group. Compared with the model group, leptin administration reduced the weight gain and endotoxin content, while increasing Bacteroides abundance and community diversity; it also reduced the levels of TLR4, IκB-α, and p-JNK. CONCLUSION Leptin administration improved intestinal flora dysfunction and inflammation in mice with HFD-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Li
- Department of Plastic Maxillofacial Surgery, People’s Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Weihong Shi
- Department of Plastic Maxillofacial Surgery, People’s Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qinghua Xiong
- Department of Plastic Maxillofacial Surgery, People’s Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yungang Hu
- Department of Plastic Maxillofacial Surgery, People’s Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xu Qin
- Department of Plastic Maxillofacial Surgery, People’s Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Guanqun Wan
- Department of Plastic Maxillofacial Surgery, People’s Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qi Zeng
- Department of Plastic Maxillofacial Surgery, People’s Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Choy KW, Murugan D, Leong XF, Abas R, Alias A, Mustafa MR. Flavonoids as Natural Anti-Inflammatory Agents Targeting Nuclear Factor-Kappa B (NFκB) Signaling in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Mini Review. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1295. [PMID: 31749703 PMCID: PMC6842955 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as angina, hypertension, myocardial ischemia, and heart failure are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. One of the major transcription factors widely associated with CVDs is nuclear factor-kappa B (NFκB). NFκB activation initiates the canonical and non-conical pathways that promotes activation of transcription factors leading to inflammation, such as leukocyte adhesion molecules, cytokines, and chemokines. Flavonoids are bioactive polyphenolic compounds found abundantly in various fruits, vegetables, beverages (tea, coffee), nuts, and cereal products with cardiovascular protective properties. Flavonoids can be classified into six subgroups based on their chemical structures: flavanones, flavones, flavonols, flavan-3-ols, isoflavones, and anthocyanidins. As NFκB inhibitors, these flavonoids may modulate the expression of pro-inflammatory genes leading to the attenuation of the inflammatory responses underlying various cardiovascular pathology. This review presents an update on the anti-inflammatory actions of flavonoids via inhibition of NFκB mechanism supporting the therapeutic potential of these natural compounds in various CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ker Woon Choy
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Malaysia
| | - Dharmani Murugan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Xin-Fang Leong
- Centre for Craniofacial Diagnostics and Biosciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Razif Abas
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Aspalilah Alias
- Department of Basic Sciences and Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Rais Mustafa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Centre for Natural Product research and Drug Discovery (CENAR), Wellness Research Cluster, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Guizoni DM, Vettorazzi JF, Carneiro EM, Davel AP. Modulation of endothelium-derived nitric oxide production and activity by taurine and taurine-conjugated bile acids. Nitric Oxide 2019; 94:48-53. [PMID: 31669041 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2019.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Taurine is a semiessential amino acid found at high concentrations in mammalian plasma and cells, where it regulates cellular functions such as ion flux, controls cell volume and serves as a substrate for conjugated bile acids (BAs). Exogenous administration of both taurine and taurine-conjugated BAs have also been implicated in the modulation of cardiovascular functions. This brief review summarizes the role of taurine and taurine-conjugated BAs in vascular relaxation through the modulation of endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO). The effects of taurine on vascular health are controversial. However, in the presence of cardiometabolic risk factors, it has been proposed that taurine can increase vascular NO levels by increasing eNOS expression, eNOS phosphorylation on Ser1177, NO bioavailability, the level of antioxidative defense, and the l-arginine/NOS inhibitor asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) ratio. The taurine-conjugated BA-mediated activation of Farnesoid X receptor (FXR), G protein-coupled BA receptor (TGR5) and/or muscarinic 3 receptor (M3) was also reported to increase vascular NO production. FXR activation increases eNOS expression and may reduce ADMA formation, while TGR5 increases mobilization of Ca2+ and phosphorylation of eNOS and Akt in endothelial cells. Furthermore, taurine and taurine-conjugated BAs might regulate NO synthesis and activity by enhancing H2S generation. Several studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of both taurine and taurine-conjugated BAs in reversing the endothelial dysfunction associated with diabetes, atherosclerosis, hypertension, obesity, malnutrition, and smoking. In addition, taurine-conjugated BAs have emerged as a potential treatment for portal hypertension. Despite these favorable findings, there is a need to further explore the mechanisms and signaling pathways underlying the endothelial effects of taurine and taurine-conjugated BAs. Here, we summarize the main findings regarding the effects of taurine and taurine-conjugated BAs on the endothelial dysfunction associated with altered NO metabolism in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele M Guizoni
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas/UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Jean F Vettorazzi
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP), Institute of Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas/UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Everardo M Carneiro
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas/UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP), Institute of Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas/UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Davel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas/UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Willson C, Watanabe M, Tsuji-Hosokawa A, Makino A. Pulmonary vascular dysfunction in metabolic syndrome. J Physiol 2018; 597:1121-1141. [PMID: 30125956 DOI: 10.1113/jp275856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a critically important precursor to the onset of many diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, and cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. The primary risk factors of metabolic syndrome include hyperglycaemia, abdominal obesity, dyslipidaemia, and high blood pressure. It has been well documented that metabolic syndrome alters vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cell functions in the heart, brain, kidney and peripheral vessels. However, there is less information available regarding how metabolic syndrome can affect pulmonary vascular function and ultimately increase an individual's risk of developing various pulmonary vascular diseases, such as pulmonary hypertension. Here, we review in detail how metabolic syndrome affects pulmonary vascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor Willson
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Makiko Watanabe
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Ayako Makino
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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11
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Davel AP, Jaffe IZ, Tostes RC, Jaisser F, Belin de Chantemèle EJ. New roles of aldosterone and mineralocorticoid receptors in cardiovascular disease: translational and sex-specific effects. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2018; 315:H989-H999. [PMID: 29957022 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00073.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in the field of mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and its ligand aldosterone expanded the role of this hormone and its receptor far beyond their initial function as a regulator of Na+ and K+ homeostasis in epithelial cells. The symposium "New Roles of Aldosterone and Mineralocorticoid Receptors in Cardiovascular Disease: Translational and Sex-Specific Effects" presented at the 38th World Congress of the International Union of Physiological Sciences (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) highlighted the contribution of extrarenal MRs to cardiovascular disease. This symposium showcased how MRs expressed in endothelial, vascular smooth muscle, and immune cells plays a critical role in the development of vascular disease associated with aging, obesity, and chronic aldosterone stimulation and demonstrated that MR antagonism prevents the acute renal dysfunction and tubular injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury. It was also shown that the adipocyte-derived hormone leptin is a new direct regulator of aldosterone secretion and that leptin-mediated aldosterone production is a major contributor to obesity-associated hypertension in women. Sex differences in the role of aldosterone and of endothelial MR in the cardiovascular outcomes of obesity were highlighted. This review summarizes these important emerging concepts regarding the contribution of aldosterone and cell-specific MR to cardiovascular disease in male and female subjects and further supports sex-specific benefits of MR antagonist drugs to be tested in additional populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Davel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas , Campinas, Sâo Paulo , Brazil
| | - Iris Z Jaffe
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute Tufts Medical Center , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rita C Tostes
- Departments of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo , Ribeirao Preto, Sâo Paulo , Brazil
| | - Frederic Jaisser
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMRS 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris Descartes University , Paris , France
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12
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Baltieri N, Guizoni DM, Victorio JA, Davel AP. Protective Role of Perivascular Adipose Tissue in Endothelial Dysfunction and Insulin-Induced Vasodilatation of Hypercholesterolemic LDL Receptor-Deficient Mice. Front Physiol 2018; 9:229. [PMID: 29615924 PMCID: PMC5868473 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Endothelial dysfunction plays a pivotal role in the initiation of atherosclerosis. Vascular insulin resistance might contribute to a reduction in endothelial nitric oxide (NO) production, leading to impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation in cardiometabolic diseases. Because perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) controls endothelial function and NO bioavailability, we hypothesized a role for this fat deposit in the vascular complications associated with the initial stages of atherosclerosis. Therefore, we investigated the potential involvement of PVAT in the early endothelial dysfunction in hypercholesterolemic LDL receptor knockout mice (LDLr-KO). Methods: Thoracic aortas with and without PVAT were isolated from 4-month-old C57BL/6J (WT) and LDLr-KO mice. The contribution of PVAT to relaxation responses to acetylcholine, insulin, and sodium nitroprusside was investigated. Western blotting was used to examine endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and adiponectin expression, as well the insulin signaling pathway in aortic PVAT. Results: PVAT-free aortas of LDLr-KO mice exhibited impaired acetylcholine- and insulin-induced relaxation compared with those of WT mice. Both vasodilatory responses were restored by the presence of PVAT in LDLr-KO mice, associated with enhanced acetylcholine-induced NO levels. PVAT did not change vasodilatory responses to acetylcholine and insulin in WT mice, while vascular relaxation evoked by the NO donor sodium nitroprusside was not modified by either genotype or PVAT. The expression of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), AKT, ERK1/2, phosphorylation of AKT (Ser473) and ERK1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204), and adiponectin was similar in the PVAT of WT and LDLr-KO mice, suggesting no changes in PVAT insulin signaling. However, eNOS expression was enhanced in the PVAT of LDLr-KO mice, while eNOS expression was less abundant in PVAT-free aortas. Conclusion: These results suggest that elevated eNOS-derived NO production in aortic PVAT might be a compensatory mechanism for the endothelial dysfunction and impaired vasodilator action of insulin in hypercholesterolemic LDLr-deficient mice. This protective effect may limit the progression of atherosclerosis in genetic hypercholesterolemia in the absence of an atherogenic diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natali Baltieri
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Daniele M Guizoni
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Jamaira A Victorio
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ana P Davel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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13
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Davel AP, Lu Q, Moss ME, Rao S, Anwar IJ, DuPont JJ, Jaffe IZ. Sex-Specific Mechanisms of Resistance Vessel Endothelial Dysfunction Induced by Cardiometabolic Risk Factors. J Am Heart Assoc 2018; 7:JAHA.117.007675. [PMID: 29453308 PMCID: PMC5850194 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.007675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background The incidence of obesity is rising, particularly among women. Microvascular dysfunction is more common with female sex, obesity, and hyperlipidemia and predicts adverse cardiovascular outcomes, but the molecular mechanisms are unclear. Because obesity is associated with mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) activation, we tested the hypothesis that MR in endothelial cells contribute to sex differences in resistance vessel dysfunction in response to cardiometabolic risk factors. Methods and Results Male and female endothelial cell–specific MR knockout mice and MR‐intact littermates were randomized to high‐fat‐diet–induced obesity or obesity with hyperlipidemia induced by adeno‐associated virus–based vector targeting transfer of the mutant stable form (DY mutation) of the human PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9) gene and compared with control diet. Female but not male mice were sensitive to obesity‐induced endothelial dysfunction, whereas endothelial function was impaired in obese hyperlipidemic males and females. In males, obesity or hyperlipidemia decreased the nitric oxide component of vasodilation without altering superoxide production or endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression or phosphorylation. Decreased nitric oxide content in obese males was overcome by enhanced endothelium‐derived hyperpolarization–mediated relaxation along with increased SK3 expression. Conversely, in females, endothelium‐derived hyperpolarization was significantly impaired by obesity with lower IK1 expression and by hyperlipidemia with lower IK1 and SK3 expression, loss of H2O2‐mediated vasodilation, and increased superoxide production. Endothelial cell–MR deletion prevented endothelial dysfunction induced by risk factors only in females. Rather than restoring endothelium‐derived hyperpolarization in females, endothelial cell–MR deletion enhanced nitric oxide and prevented hyperlipidemia‐induced oxidative stress. Conclusions These data reveal distinct mechanisms driving resistance vessel dysfunction in males versus females and suggest that personalized treatments are needed to prevent the progression of vascular disease in the setting of obesity, depending on both the sex and the metabolic profile of each patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P Davel
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA.,Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Qing Lu
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - M Elizabeth Moss
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Sitara Rao
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Imran J Anwar
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Jennifer J DuPont
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Iris Z Jaffe
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
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14
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Almabrouk TAM, White AD, Ugusman AB, Skiba DS, Katwan OJ, Alganga H, Guzik TJ, Touyz RM, Salt IP, Kennedy S. High Fat Diet Attenuates the Anticontractile Activity of Aortic PVAT via a Mechanism Involving AMPK and Reduced Adiponectin Secretion. Front Physiol 2018; 9:51. [PMID: 29479319 PMCID: PMC5812172 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aim: Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) positively regulates vascular function through production of factors such as adiponectin but this effect is attenuated in obesity. The enzyme AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is present in PVAT and is implicated in mediating the vascular effects of adiponectin. In this study, we investigated the effect of an obesogenic high fat diet (HFD) on aortic PVAT and whether any changes involved AMPK. Methods: Wild type Sv129 (WT) and AMPKα1 knockout (KO) mice aged 8 weeks were fed normal diet (ND) or HFD (42% kcal fat) for 12 weeks. Adiponectin production by PVAT was assessed by ELISA and AMPK expression studied using immunoblotting. Macrophages in PVAT were identified using immunohistochemistry and markers of M1 and M2 macrophage subtypes evaluated using real time-qPCR. Vascular responses were measured in endothelium-denuded aortic rings with or without attached PVAT. Carotid wire injury was performed and PVAT inflammation studied 7 days later. Key results: Aortic PVAT from KO and WT mice was morphologically indistinct but KO PVAT had more infiltrating macrophages. HFD caused an increased infiltration of macrophages in WT mice with increased expression of the M1 macrophage markers Nos2 and Il1b and the M2 marker Chil3. In WT mice, HFD reduced the anticontractile effect of PVAT as well as reducing adiponectin secretion and AMPK phosphorylation. PVAT from KO mice on ND had significantly reduced adiponectin secretion and no anticontractile effect and feeding HFD did not alter this. Wire injury induced macrophage infiltration of PVAT but did not cause further infiltration in KO mice. Conclusions: High-fat diet causes an inflammatory infiltrate, reduced AMPK phosphorylation and attenuates the anticontractile effect of murine aortic PVAT. Mice lacking AMPKα1 phenocopy many of the changes in wild-type aortic PVAT after HFD, suggesting that AMPK may protect the vessel against deleterious changes in response to HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek A M Almabrouk
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Medical School, University of Zawia, Zawia, Libya
| | - Anna D White
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Azizah B Ugusman
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Department of Physiology, National University of Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Dominik S Skiba
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Jagiellonian University College of Medicine, Krakow, Poland
| | - Omar J Katwan
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Diyala, Baqubah, Iraq
| | - Husam Alganga
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Medical School, University of Zawia, Zawia, Libya
| | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Jagiellonian University College of Medicine, Krakow, Poland
| | - Rhian M Touyz
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Ian P Salt
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Kennedy
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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15
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Evaluation of endothelial function by VOP and inflammatory biomarkers in patients with arterial hypertension. J Hum Hypertens 2018; 32:105-113. [PMID: 29335464 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-017-0024-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is associated with microcirculatory impairment. Our objectives were to evaluate endothelial function and inflammatory biomarkers in patients with resistant (RH) and mild to moderate (MMH) arterial hypertension in comparison to normotensives (control group-CG). Three groups, 25 patients each, have been investigated, by anamnesis, venous occlusion plethysmography (VOP) and serum determination of adhesion molecules (VCAM, ICAM), adiponectin, endothelin and C-reactive protein (CRP). Patients not using statins and with or without blood pressure control were also analyzed. RH group showed smaller percentage increase of maximum forearm blood flow (FBF) (endothelial-dependent vasodilatation) than controls (p < 0.05), but no significant difference could be detected between MMH and CG groups on maximum FBF and minimum vascular resistance post-ischemia. RH and MMH groups showed higher resistance averages compared to controls (p < 0.05). Uncontrolled BP in hypertensive patients showed worse results for blood flow and resistance. Endothelial-independent vasodilatation was not affected. Endothelin levels were higher in RH and MMH groups (p < 0.05) not using statins. CRP was significantly higher only in RH compared to CG (p < 0.05). In conclusion patients with severe hypertension and lack of blood pressure control showed greater impairment of endothelial function with higher CRP and endothelin levels.
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