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Li P, Fang RL, Wang W, Zeng XX, Lan T, Liu SY, Hu YJ, Shen Q, Wang SW, Tong YH, Mao ZJ. Apigenin suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition in high glucose-induced retinal pigment epithelial cell by inhibiting CBP/p300-mediated histone acetylation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 717:150061. [PMID: 38718570 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical process implicated in the pathogenesis of retinal fibrosis and the exacerbation of diabetic retinopathy (DR) within retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells. Apigenin (AP), a potential dietary supplement for managing diabetes and its associated complications, has demonstrated inhibitory effects on EMT in various diseases. However, the specific impact and underlying mechanisms of AP on EMT in RPE cells remain poorly understood. In this study, we have successfully validated the inhibitory effects of AP on high glucose-induced EMT in ARPE-19 cells and diabetic db/db mice. Notably, our findings have identified CBP/p300 as a potential therapeutic target for EMT in RPE cells and have further substantiated that AP effectively downregulates the expression of EMT-related genes by attenuating the activity of CBP/p300, consequently reducing histone acetylation alterations within the promoter region of these genes. Taken together, our results provide novel evidence supporting the inhibitory effect of AP on EMT in RPE cells, and highlight the potential of specifically targeting CBP/p300 as a strategy for inhibiting retinal fibrosis in the context of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Ruo-Lin Fang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Preventive Treatment Center, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Affiliated Four-provinces Marginal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Quzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Quzhou, 324000, China
| | - Xi-Xi Zeng
- Panvascular Diseases Research Center, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, China
| | - Tian Lan
- Panvascular Diseases Research Center, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, China; Laboratory Animal Resources Center, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, China
| | - Shi-Yu Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Yan-Jun Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, China
| | - Qing Shen
- Panvascular Diseases Research Center, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, China
| | - Si-Wei Wang
- Panvascular Diseases Research Center, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, China; Laboratory Animal Resources Center, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, China.
| | - Yu-Hua Tong
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, China; Panvascular Diseases Research Center, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, China.
| | - Zhu-Jun Mao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, China; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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2
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Niu W, Feng Y, Peng M, Cai J. A narrative review on the mechanism of natural flavonoids in improving glucolipid metabolism disorders. Phytother Res 2024. [PMID: 38924256 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Glucolipid metabolism disorder (GLMD) is a complex chronic disease characterized by glucose and lipid metabolism disorders with a complex and diverse etiology and rapidly increasing incidence. Many studies have identified the role of flavonoids in ameliorating GLMD, with mechanisms related to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, nuclear factor kappa-B, AMP-activated protein kinase, nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2, glucose transporter type 4, and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway. However, a comprehensive summary of the flavonoid effects on GLMD is lacking. This study reviewed the roles and mechanisms of natural flavonoids with different structures in the treatment of GLMD reported globally in the past 5 years and provides a reference for developing flavonoids as drugs for treating GLMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Niu
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongshi Feng
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minwen Peng
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinyan Cai
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, China
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3
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Ayipo YO, Chong CF, Abdulameed HT, Mordi MN. Bioactive alkaloidal and phenolic phytochemicals as promising epidrugs for diabetes mellitus 2: A review of recent development. Fitoterapia 2024; 175:105922. [PMID: 38552806 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.105922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains a major chronic metabolic disorder affecting hundreds of millions of the global population, mostly among adults, engendering high rates of morbidity and mortality. It is characterized by complex aetiologies including insulin deficiency and resistance, and hyperglycemia, and these significantly constitute therapeutic challenges. Several pathways have been implicated in its pathophysiology and treatment including the epigenetic regulatory mechanism, notably, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation/demethylation, histone modification, non-coding ribonucleic acid (ncRNA) modulation and other relevant pathways. Many studies have recently documented the implications of phytochemicals on the aforementioned biomarkers in the pathogenesis and treatment of T2D. In this review, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the epigenetic effects of some bioactive alkaloidal and phenolic phytochemicals as potential therapeutic alternatives for T2D have been overviewed from the recent literature (2019-2024). From the survey, the natural product-based compounds, C1-C32 were curated as potent epigenetic modulators for T2D. Their cellular and molecular mechanisms of anti-T2D activities with relevant epigenetic biomarkers were revealed. Although, more comprehensive experimental analyses are observably required for validating their activity and toxicological indices. Thus, perspectives and challenges were enumerated for such demanding future translational studies. The review reveals advances in scientific efforts towards reversing the global trend of T2D through epigenetic phytotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Oloruntoyin Ayipo
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, Kwara State University, P. M. B., 1530, Malete, Ilorin, Nigeria; Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
| | - Chien Fung Chong
- Bioprocess Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Hassan Taiye Abdulameed
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; Department of Biochemistry, Kwara State University, P. M. B., 1530, Malete, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Mohd Nizam Mordi
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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4
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Lan T, Li P, Zhang SJ, Liu SY, Zeng XX, Chai F, Tong YH, Mao ZJ, Wang SW. Paeoniflorin promotes PPARγ expression to suppress HSCs activation by inhibiting EZH2-mediated histone H3K27 trimethylation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 128:155477. [PMID: 38489890 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The alleviating effect of paeoniflorin (Pae) on liver fibrosis has been established; however, the molecular mechanism and specific target(s) underlying this effect remain elusive. PURPOSE This study was to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the regulatory effect of Pae on hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation in liver fibrosis, with a specific focus on the role of Pae in modulating histone methylation modifications. METHODS The therapeutic effect of Pae was evaluated by establishing in vivo and in vitro models of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced mice and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)-induced LX-2 cells, respectively. Molecular docking, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative real time PCR (ChIP-qPCR) and other molecular biological methods were used to clarify the molecular mechanism of Pae regulating HSCs activation. RESULTS Our study found that Pae inhibited HSCs activation and histone trimethylation modification in liver of CCl4-induced mice and LX-2 cells. We demonstrated that the inhibitory effect of Pae on the activation of HSCs was dependent on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) expression and enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2). Mechanistically, Pae directly binded to EZH2 to effectively suppress its enzymatic activity. This attenuation leaded to the suppression of histone H3K27 trimethylation in the PPARγ promoter region, which induced upregulation of PPARγ expression. CONCLUSION This investigative not only sheds new light on the precise targets that underlie the remission of hepatic fibrogenesis induced by Pae but also emphasizes the critical significance of EZH2-mediated H3K27 trimethylation in driving the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Lan
- Laboratory Animal Resources Center, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, No. 100 Minjiang Road, Quzhou 324000, China; Panvascular Diseases Research Center, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China.
| | - Ping Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Si-Jia Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Shi-Yu Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Xi-Xi Zeng
- Panvascular Diseases Research Center, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Fang Chai
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yu-Hua Tong
- Panvascular Diseases Research Center, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China; Department of Ophthalmology, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Zhu-Jun Mao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China; Department of Ophthalmology, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China.
| | - Si-Wei Wang
- Laboratory Animal Resources Center, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, No. 100 Minjiang Road, Quzhou 324000, China; Panvascular Diseases Research Center, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China.
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5
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Mbara KC, Fotsing MC, Ndinteh DT, Mbeb CN, Nwagwu CS, Khan R, Mokhetho KC, Baijnath H, Nlooto M, Mokhele S, Leonard CM, Tembu VJ, Tarirai C. Endoplasmic reticulum stress in pancreatic β-cell dysfunction: The potential therapeutic role of dietary flavonoids. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG DISCOVERY 2024; 6:100184. [PMID: 38846008 PMCID: PMC11153890 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2024.100184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health burden that is characterized by the loss or dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells. In pancreatic β-cells, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a fact of life that contributes to β-cell loss or dysfunction. Despite recent advances in research, the existing treatment approaches such as lifestyle modification and use of conventional therapeutics could not prevent the loss or dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells to abrogate the disease progression. Therefore, targeting ER stress and the consequent unfolded protein response (UPR) in pancreatic β-cells may be a potential therapeutic strategy for diabetes treatment. Dietary phytochemicals have therapeutic applications in human health owing to their broad spectrum of biochemical and pharmacological activities. Flavonoids, which are commonly obtained from fruits and vegetables worldwide, have shown promising prospects in alleviating ER stress. Dietary flavonoids including quercetin, kaempferol, myricetin, isorhamnetin, fisetin, icariin, apigenin, apigetrin, vitexin, baicalein, baicalin, nobiletin hesperidin, naringenin, epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate hesperidin (EGCG), tectorigenin, liquiritigenin, and acacetin have shown inhibitory effects on ER stress in pancreatic β-cells. Dietary flavonoids modulate ER stress signaling components, chaperone proteins, transcription factors, oxidative stress, autophagy, apoptosis, and inflammatory responses to exert their pharmacological effects on pancreatic β-cells ER stress. This review focuses on the role of dietary flavonoids as potential therapeutic adjuvants in preserving pancreatic β-cells from ER stress. Highlights of the underlying mechanisms of action are also presented as well as possible strategies for clinical translation in the management of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kingsley C. Mbara
- Nanomedicines Manufacturing, Biopharmaceutics and Diagnostics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Marthe C.D. Fotsing
- Drug Discovery and Smart Molecules Research Laboratory, Centre for Natural Products Research (CNPR), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa
| | - Derek T. Ndinteh
- Drug Discovery and Smart Molecules Research Laboratory, Centre for Natural Products Research (CNPR), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa
| | - Claudine N. Mbeb
- Nanomedicines Manufacturing, Biopharmaceutics and Diagnostics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Chinekwu S. Nwagwu
- Drug Delivery and Nanomedicines Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Rene Khan
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Kopang C. Mokhetho
- Nanomedicines Manufacturing, Biopharmaceutics and Diagnostics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Himansu Baijnath
- Ward Herbarium, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4000, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Manimbulu Nlooto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Healthcare Sciences, University of Limpopo, South Africa
| | - Shoeshoe Mokhele
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, 0208, South Africa
| | - Carmen M. Leonard
- Nanomedicines Manufacturing, Biopharmaceutics and Diagnostics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Vuyelwa J. Tembu
- Natural Products Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Clemence Tarirai
- Nanomedicines Manufacturing, Biopharmaceutics and Diagnostics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
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6
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Ariyanto EF. The efficacy of botanical drugs in orchestrating epigenetic modifications for ameliorating metabolic disorders. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1366551. [PMID: 38645564 PMCID: PMC11026643 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1366551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eko Fuji Ariyanto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
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Dong H, Sun Y, Nie L, Cui A, Zhao P, Leung WK, Wang Q. Metabolic memory: mechanisms and diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:38. [PMID: 38413567 PMCID: PMC10899265 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01755-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic diseases and their complications impose health and economic burdens worldwide. Evidence from past experimental studies and clinical trials suggests our body may have the ability to remember the past metabolic environment, such as hyperglycemia or hyperlipidemia, thus leading to chronic inflammatory disorders and other diseases even after the elimination of these metabolic environments. The long-term effects of that aberrant metabolism on the body have been summarized as metabolic memory and are found to assume a crucial role in states of health and disease. Multiple molecular mechanisms collectively participate in metabolic memory management, resulting in different cellular alterations as well as tissue and organ dysfunctions, culminating in disease progression and even affecting offspring. The elucidation and expansion of the concept of metabolic memory provides more comprehensive insight into pathogenic mechanisms underlying metabolic diseases and complications and promises to be a new target in disease detection and management. Here, we retrace the history of relevant research on metabolic memory and summarize its salient characteristics. We provide a detailed discussion of the mechanisms by which metabolic memory may be involved in disease development at molecular, cellular, and organ levels, with emphasis on the impact of epigenetic modulations. Finally, we present some of the pivotal findings arguing in favor of targeting metabolic memory to develop therapeutic strategies for metabolic diseases and provide the latest reflections on the consequences of metabolic memory as well as their implications for human health and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuezhang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lulingxiao Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Aimin Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pengfei Zhao
- Periodontology and Implant Dentistry Division, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wai Keung Leung
- Periodontology and Implant Dentistry Division, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Lan T, Geng XJ, Zhang SJ, Zeng XX, Ying JJ, Xu Y, Liu SY, Li P, Tong YH, Wang W, Mao ZJ, Wang SW. Si-Ni-San inhibits hepatic Fasn expression and lipid accumulation in MAFLD mice through AMPK/p300/SREBP-1c axis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155209. [PMID: 37984123 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soothing the liver and regulating qi is one of the core ideas of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of fatty liver. Si-Ni-San (SNS) is a well-known herbal formula in TCM for liver soothing and qi regulation in fatty liver treatment. However, its efficacy lacks modern scientific evidence. PURPOSE This study was aimed to investigate the impact of SNS on metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in mice and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms, particularly its effects on lipid metabolism in hepatocytes. METHODS The therapeutic effect of SNS was evaluated using in vivo and in vitro models of high-fat/high-cholesterol (HFHC) diet-induced mice and palmitic acid (PA)-induced hepatocytes, respectively. Molecular biological techniques such as RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq), co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP), and western blotting were employed to elucidate the molecular mechanism of SNS in regulating lipid metabolism in hepatocytes. RESULTS Our findings revealed that SNS effectively reduced lipid accumulation in the livers of HFHC diet-induced mice and PA-induced hepatocytes. RNA-seq analysis demonstrated that SNS significantly down-regulated the expression of fatty acid synthase (Fasn) in the livers of HFHC-fed mice. Mechanistically, SNS inhibited Fasn expression and lipid accumulation by activating adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Activation of AMPK suppressed the activity of the transcriptional coactivator p300 and modulated the protein stability of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c). Importantly, p300 was required for the inhibition of Fasn expression and lipid accumulation by SNS. Furthermore, SNS activated AMPK by decreasing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in hepatocytes. CONCLUSION This study provided novel evidence on the regulatory mechanisms underlying the effects of SNS on Fasn expression. Our findings demonstrate, for the first time, that SNS exerts suppressive effects on Fasn expression through modulation of the AMPK/p300/SREBP-1c axis. Consequently, this regulatory pathway mitigates excessive lipid accumulation and ameliorates MAFLD in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Lan
- The Joint Innovation Center for Health & Medicine, the Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Geng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Si-Jia Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Xi-Xi Zeng
- The Joint Innovation Center for Health & Medicine, the Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Jun-Jie Ying
- The Joint Innovation Center for Health & Medicine, the Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Yi Xu
- The Joint Innovation Center for Health & Medicine, the Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Shi-Yu Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Ping Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Yu-Hua Tong
- The Joint Innovation Center for Health & Medicine, the Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China; Department of Ophthalmology, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Preventive Treatment Center, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Affiliated Four-provinces Marginal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Quzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Quzhou 324000, China.
| | - Zhu-Jun Mao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; Department of Ophthalmology, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China.
| | - Si-Wei Wang
- The Joint Innovation Center for Health & Medicine, the Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China.
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9
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Mirzaei A, Mirzaei A, Najjar Khalilabad S, Askari VR, Baradaran Rahimi V. Promising influences of hesperidin and hesperetin against diabetes and its complications: a systematic review of molecular, cellular, and metabolic effects. EXCLI JOURNAL 2023; 22:1235-1263. [PMID: 38234970 PMCID: PMC10792178 DOI: 10.17179/excli2023-6577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Hesperidin and hesperetin, two flavonoids with potential therapeutic value, have been extensively studied in the context of diabetes management. The main objective of this research is to ascertain their potential as therapeutic options for managing diabetes and its complications. The present study utilized a systematic review methodology and comprehensively explored relevant literature from databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, from inception until July 2023. The review summarized the outcomes related to the molecular, cellular, and metabolic effects of hesperidin and hesperetin in diabetes and its complications. Hesperetin exhibits a potential treatment for preventing diabetes and its associated complications through modulation of inflammatory cytokine release and expression via the pathway of signaling through Toll-like receptor/Myeloid differentiation factor 88/Nuclear factor-kappa B. Hesperidin shows promise as a biomolecule for treating diabetic neuropathy, primarily through activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), as an antioxidant-response element signaling, leading to neuroprotective effects. Both compounds demonstrated the ability to normalize blood glucose levels and reduce serum and liver lipid levels, making them potential candidates for managing hypoglycemia and hypolipidemia in diabetes. Hesperidin also showed potential benefits against diabetic nephropathy by suppressing transforming growth factor-β1-integrin-linked kinase-Akt signaling and enhancing renal function. Furthermore, hesperidin's antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-depressant effects in diabetic conditions expanded its potential therapeutic applications. This systematic review provides substantial evidence supporting the consideration of hesperidin and hesperetin for diabetes and its complications. It offers exciting possibilities for developing novel, cost-effective treatment options to enhance diabetes management and patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Mirzaei
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Mirzaei
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shakiba Najjar Khalilabad
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Reza Askari
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vafa Baradaran Rahimi
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Han S, Luo Y, Liu B, Guo T, Qin D, Luo F. Dietary flavonoids prevent diabetes through epigenetic regulation: advance and challenge. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:11925-11941. [PMID: 35816298 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2097637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of diabetes has been studied extensively in various countries, but effective prevention and treatment methods are still insufficient. In recent years, epigenetics has received increasing attention from researchers in exploring the etiology and treatment of diabetes. DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs play critical roles in the occurrence, maintenance, and progression of diabetes and its complications. Therefore, preventing or reversing the epigenetic alterations that occur during the development of diabetes may reduce the individual and societal burden of the disease. Dietary flavonoids serve as natural epigenetic modulators for the discovery of biomarkers for diabetes prevention and the development of alternative therapies. However, there is limited knowledge about the potential beneficial effects of flavonoids on the epigenetics of diabetes. In this review, the multidimensional epigenetic effects of different flavonoid subtypes in diabetes were summarized. Furthermore, it was discussed that parental flavonoid diets might reduce diabetes incidence in offspring, which represent a promising opportunity to prevent diabetes in the future. Future work will depend on exploring anti-diabetic effects of different flavonoids with different epigenetic regulation mechanisms and clinical trials.Highlights• "Epigenetic therapy" could reduce the burden of diabetic patients• "Epigenetic diet" ameliorates diabetes• Targeting epigenetic regulations by dietary flavonoids in the diabetes prevention• Dietary flavonoids prevent diabetes via transgenerational epigenetic inheritance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Han
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, National Research Center of Rice Deep Processing and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Clinic Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Central South Food Science Institute of Grain and Oil Co., Ltd., Hunan Grain Group Co., Ltd, Changsha, China
| | - Tianyi Guo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, National Research Center of Rice Deep Processing and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Dandan Qin
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, National Research Center of Rice Deep Processing and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Feijun Luo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, National Research Center of Rice Deep Processing and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
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11
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Wu YY, Xu YM, Lau ATY. Epigenetic effects of herbal medicine. Clin Epigenetics 2023; 15:85. [PMID: 37179342 PMCID: PMC10183144 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01481-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic memory is essential for life that governs the predefined functional features of cells. Recent evidence has indicated that the epigenetic modification provides a potential link to gene expression changes that may be involved in the development of various chronic diseases, and targeting the epigenome becomes a plausible method for treating diseases. Traditional herbal medicine has gradually entered the vision of researchers due to its low toxicity and its effectiveness in treating diseases. As a matter of fact, researchers found that the possessed epigenetic modification capacity of herbal medicine had the ability to combat the progression of the disease, such as various types of cancer, diabetes, inflammation, amnesia, liver fibrosis, asthma, and hypertension-induced renal injury. Studies on the epigenetic effects of herbal medicine will provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms of human diseases, which may lead to new therapeutic approaches and diagnoses. Thus, this review summarized the impact of herbal medicine and its bioactive components on disease epigenome as examples of how utilization of epigenetic plasticity could be useful as the basis for the future development of targeted therapies in chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Yao Wu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Ming Xu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Andy T Y Lau
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Naz R, Saqib F, Awadallah S, Wahid M, Latif MF, Iqbal I, Mubarak MS. Food Polyphenols and Type II Diabetes Mellitus: Pharmacology and Mechanisms. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28103996. [PMID: 37241737 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28103996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Type II diabetes mellitus and its related complications are growing public health problems. Many natural products present in our diet, including polyphenols, can be used in treating and managing type II diabetes mellitus and different diseases, owing to their numerous biological properties. Anthocyanins, flavonols, stilbenes, curcuminoids, hesperidin, hesperetin, naringenin, and phenolic acids are common polyphenols found in blueberries, chokeberries, sea-buckthorn, mulberries, turmeric, citrus fruits, and cereals. These compounds exhibit antidiabetic effects through different pathways. Accordingly, this review presents an overview of the most recent developments in using food polyphenols for managing and treating type II diabetes mellitus, along with various mechanisms. In addition, the present work summarizes the literature about the anti-diabetic effect of food polyphenols and evaluates their potential as complementary or alternative medicines to treat type II diabetes mellitus. Results obtained from this survey show that anthocyanins, flavonols, stilbenes, curcuminoids, and phenolic acids can manage diabetes mellitus by protecting pancreatic β-cells against glucose toxicity, promoting β-cell proliferation, reducing β-cell apoptosis, and inhibiting α-glucosidases or α-amylase. In addition, these phenolic compounds exhibit antioxidant anti-inflammatory activities, modulate carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, optimize oxidative stress, reduce insulin resistance, and stimulate the pancreas to secrete insulin. They also activate insulin signaling and inhibit digestive enzymes, regulate intestinal microbiota, improve adipose tissue metabolism, inhibit glucose absorption, and inhibit the formation of advanced glycation end products. However, insufficient data are available on the effective mechanisms necessary to manage diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Naz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Saqib
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Samir Awadallah
- Department of Medical Lab Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan
| | - Muqeet Wahid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farhaj Latif
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Iram Iqbal
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
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Scarpa ES, Giordani C, Antonelli A, Petrelli M, Balercia G, Silvetti F, Pieroni A, Sabbatinelli J, Rippo MR, Olivieri F, Matacchione G. The Combination of Natural Molecules Naringenin, Hesperetin, Curcumin, Polydatin and Quercetin Synergistically Decreases SEMA3E Expression Levels and DPPIV Activity in In Vitro Models of Insulin Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098071. [PMID: 37175783 PMCID: PMC10178687 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a disease characterized by a prolonged hyperglycemic condition caused by insulin resistance mechanisms in muscle and liver, reduced insulin production by pancreatic β cells, and a chronic inflammatory state with increased levels of the pro-inflammatory marker semaphorin 3E. Phytochemicals present in several foods have been used to complement oral hypoglycemic drugs for the management of T2DM. Notably, dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) inhibitors have demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of T2DM. Our study aimed to investigate, in in vitro models of insulin resistance, the ability of the flavanones naringenin and hesperetin, used alone and in combination with the anti-inflammatory natural molecules curcumin, polydatin, and quercetin, to counteract the insulin resistance and pro-inflammatory molecular mechanisms that are involved in T2DM development. Our results show for the first time that the combination of naringenin, hesperetin, curcumin, polydatin, and quercetin (that mirror the nutraceutical formulation GliceFen®, Mivell, Italy) synergistically decreases expression levels of the pro-inflammatory gene SEMA3E in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells and synergistically decreases DPPIV activity in insulin-resistant Hep3B cells, indicating that the combination of these five phytochemicals is able to inhibit pro-inflammatory and insulin resistance molecular mechanisms and could represent an effective innovative complementary approach to T2DM pharmacological treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chiara Giordani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonella Antonelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Petrelli
- Clinic of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Balercia
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesca Silvetti
- Clinic of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Alessio Pieroni
- Clinic of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Jacopo Sabbatinelli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
- Laboratory Medicine Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Maria Rita Rippo
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Fabiola Olivieri
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
- Clinic of Laboratory and Precision Medicine, IRCCS Istituto Nazionale di Ricovero e Cura per Anziani, 60121 Ancona, Italy
| | - Giulia Matacchione
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
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Zhou P, Ma YY, Zhao XN, Hua F. Phytochemicals as potential target on thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:207-220. [PMID: 36609715 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01130-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are currently the major cause of death and morbidity on a global scale. Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is a marker related to metabolism, oxidation, and inflammation induced in CVDs. The overexpression of TXNIP is closely related to the occurrence and development of CVDs. Hence, TXNIP inhibition is critical for reducing the overactivation of its downstream signaling pathway and, as a result, myocardial cell damage. Due to the chemical variety of dietary phytochemicals, they have garnered increased interest for CVDs prevention and therapy. Phytochemicals are a source of medicinal compounds for a variety of conditions, which aids in the development of effective and safe TXNIP-targeting medications. The objective of this article is to find and virtual screen novel safe, effective, and economically viable TXNIP inhibitors from flavonoids, phenols, and alkaloids derived from foods and plants. The results of the docking study revealed that silibinin, rutin, luteolin, baicalin, procyanidin B2, hesperetin, icariin, and tilianin in flavonoids, polydatin, resveratrol, and salidroside in phenols, and neferine in alkaloids had the highest Vina scores, indicating that these compounds are the active chemicals on TXNIP. In particular, silibinin can be utilized as a lead chemical in the process of structural alteration. These dietary phytochemicals may aid in the discovery of lead compounds for the development of innovative TXNIP agents for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhou
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao-Yao Ma
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ni Zhao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Hua
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Xinhua University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
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Synthesis, Conformational Analysis and ctDNA Binding Studies of Flavonoid Analogues Possessing the 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl Moiety. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11112273. [DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavanones and their biochemical precursors, chalcones, are naturally occurring compounds and consist of privileged scaffolds used in drug discovery due to their wide range of biological activities. In this work, two novel flavanones (3 and 4), the arylidene flavanone 5, and the chalcone 6, displaying structural analogies with butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), were synthesized via an aldol reaction. According to the antioxidant activity studies of the synthesized flavanones, the arylidene flavanone 5 was the most potent antioxidant (70.8% interaction with DPPH radical and 77.4% inhibition of lipid peroxidation). In addition, the ability of the synthesized compounds to bind with ctDNA was measured via UV-spectroscopy, revealing that chalcone 6 has the strongest interaction with DNA (Kb = 5.0 × 10−3 M−1), while molecular docking was exploited to simulate the compound-DNA complexes. In an effort to explore the conformational features of the novel synthetic flavanones (3 and 4), arylidene flavanone 5, and chalcone 6, theoretical calculations were applied and the calculation of their physicochemical properties was also performed.
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16
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Rejuvenation: Turning Back Time by Enhancing CISD2. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214014. [PMID: 36430496 PMCID: PMC9695557 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aging human population with age-associated diseases has become a problem worldwide. By 2050, the global population of those who are aged 65 years and older will have tripled. In this context, delaying age-associated diseases and increasing the healthy lifespan of the aged population has become an important issue for geriatric medicine. CDGSH iron-sulfur domain 2 (CISD2), the causative gene for Wolfram syndrome 2 (WFS2; MIM 604928), plays a pivotal role in mediating lifespan and healthspan by maintaining mitochondrial function, endoplasmic reticulum integrity, intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, and redox status. Here, we summarize the most up-to-date publications on CISD2 and discuss the crucial role that this gene plays in aging and age-associated diseases. This review mainly focuses on the following topics: (1) CISD2 is one of the few pro-longevity genes identified in mammals. Genetic evidence from loss-of-function (knockout mice) and gain-of-function (transgenic mice) studies have demonstrated that CISD2 is essential to lifespan control. (2) CISD2 alleviates age-associated disorders. A higher level of CISD2 during natural aging, when achieved by transgenic overexpression, improves Alzheimer's disease, ameliorates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and steatohepatitis, and maintains corneal epithelial homeostasis. (3) CISD2, the expression of which otherwise decreases during natural aging, can be pharmaceutically activated at a late-life stage of aged mice. As a proof-of-concept, we have provided evidence that hesperetin is a promising CISD2 activator that is able to enhance CISD2 expression, thus slowing down aging and promoting longevity. (4) The anti-aging effect of hesperetin is mainly dependent on CISD2 because transcriptomic analysis of the skeletal muscle reveals that most of the differentially expressed genes linked to hesperetin are regulated by hesperetin in a CISD2-dependent manner. Furthermore, three major metabolic pathways that are affected by hesperetin have been identified in skeletal muscle, namely lipid metabolism, protein homeostasis, and nitrogen and amino acid metabolism. This review highlights the urgent need for CISD2-based pharmaceutical development to be used as a potential therapeutic strategy for aging and age-associated diseases.
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KENANOGLU SERCAN, GOKCE NURIYE, AKALIN HILAL, ERGOREN MAHMUTCERKEZ, BECCARI TOMMASO, BERTELLI MATTEO, DUNDAR MUNIS. Implication of the Mediterranean diet on the human epigenome. JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2022; 63:E44-E55. [PMID: 36479488 PMCID: PMC9710399 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2022.63.2s3.2746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetics, defined as "hereditary changes in gene expression that occur without any change in the DNA sequence", consists of various epigenetic marks, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs. The epigenome, which has a dynamic structure in response to intracellular and extracellular stimuli, has a key role in the control of gene activity, since it is located at the intersection of cellular information encoded in the genome and molecular/chemical information of extracellular origin. The focus shift of studies to epigenetic reprogramming has led to the formation and progressive importance of a concept called "nutriepigenetics", whose aim is to prevent diseases by intervening on nutrition style. Among the diet types adopted in the world, the renowned Mediterranean Diet (MD), being rich in unsaturated fatty acids and containing high levels of whole grain foods and large quantities of fruits, vegetables, and legumes, has shown numerous advantages in excluding chronic diseases. Additionally, the fact that this diet is rich in polyphenols with high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties has an undeniable effect in turning some cellular pathways against the disease. It is also apparent that the effects of polyphenols on the epigenome cause changes in mechanisms such as DNA methylation and histone acetylation/deacetylation, which have a regulatory effect on gene regulation. This review presents the effects of long-term consumption of nutrients from the MD on the epigenome and discusses the benefits of this diet in the treatment and even prevention of chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- SERCAN KENANOGLU
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - NURIYE GOKCE
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - HILAL AKALIN
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - MAHMUT CERKEZ ERGOREN
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus
- DESAM Institute, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - TOMMASO BECCARI
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - MATTEO BERTELLI
- MAGISNAT, Peachtree Corners (GA), USA
- MAGI Euregio, Bolzano, Italy
- MAGI’S LAB, Rovereto (TN), Italy
| | - MUNIS DUNDAR
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- Correspondence: Munis Dundar, Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey. E-mail:
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Wang SW, Lan T, Zheng F, Huang H, Chen HF, Wu Q, Zhang F. Celastrol inhibits TXNIP expression to protect pancreatic β cells in diabetic mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 104:154316. [PMID: 35820305 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Celastrol (CEL) has a great potential in the treatment of a wide variety of metabolic diseases. However, whether CEL protects pancreatic β cells and its underlying mechanism are not yet clear. PURPOSE This study investigates to determine the effects of CEL on the pathogenesis of pancreatic β cells damage. METHODS C57BLKS/Leprdb (db/db) mice and rat insulinoma INS-1 cell line or mouse J774A.1 cell line were used as in vivo and in vitro models for investigating the protective effect of CEL on pancreatic β cells under high glucose environment and the related mechanism. The phenotypic changes were evaluated by immunofluorescence, immunohistochemical staining, flow cytometry and the measurement of biochemical indexes. The molecular mechanism was explored by biological techniques such as western blotting, qPCR, ChIP-qPCR, co-immunoprecipitation and lentivirus infection. RESULTS Our results showed that CEL at the high dose (CEL-H, 0.2 mg/kg) protects db/db mice against increased body weight and blood glucose. CEL-H inhibits pancreatic β cell apoptosis in db/db mice and high glucose-induced INS-1 cells. CEL-H also reduced IL-1β production in islet macrophages. The further study found that CEL suppressed TXNIP expression and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in pancreatic β cells and islet macrophages. Importantly, the inhibitory effect of CEL on pancreatic β cell apoptosis and IL-1β production was also dependent on TXNIP. Mechanically, CEL inhibits Txnip transcription by promoting the degradation of ChREBP. CONCLUSION Celastrol inhibits TXNIP expression to protect pancreatic β cells in vivo and in vitro. Our research pointed out another mechanism by which celastrol functions under the condition leptin signaling is ineffective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Wei Wang
- Core Facility, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Tian Lan
- Core Facility, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Fang Zheng
- Core Facility, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Hang-Fei Chen
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310059, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Core Facility, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Core Facility, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China; Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310059, China.
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Yang H, Wang Y, Xu S, Ren J, Tang L, Gong J, Lin Y, Fang H, Su D. Hesperetin, a Promising Treatment Option for Diabetes and Related Complications: A Literature Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:8582-8592. [PMID: 35801973 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c03257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The morbidity and mortality of diabetes have increased dramatically in recent decades. Novel strategies for treating diabetes and its complications with minimal side effects are in urgent need. New monomeric molecules extracted from herbal medicine, which is a form of alternative medicine, are being sought as drug candidates for the treatment of diabetes and its complications. Hesperetin (Hst), a citrus flavonoid, is of increasing interest in scientific studies recently due to its properties in combating diabetes and its complications, whereas existing studies are scattered and unsystematic. Here, we summarized the literature studies over the last 10 years to review the potential therapeutic role of Hst in the prevention and mitigation of diabetes and its complications, intending to provide promising strategies for the clinical management of diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, the First Peoples's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Jie Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Lidan Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Jinhong Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Ying Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Hufeng Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Dan Su
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
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Identifying Active Compounds and Mechanisms of Citrus changshan-Huyou Y. B. Chang against URTIs-Associated Inflammation by Network Pharmacology in Combination with Molecular Docking. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2156157. [PMID: 35873643 PMCID: PMC9300271 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2156157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose. The ripe fruits of Citrus changshan-huyou, known as Quzhou Fructus Aurantii (QFA), have been commonly used for respiratory diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate their active compounds and demonstrate their mechanism in the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) through network pharmacology and molecular docking. Methods. The prominent compounds of QFA were acquired from TCMSP database. Their targets were retrieved from SwissTargetPrediction database, and target genes associated with URTIs were collected from DisGeNET and GeneCards databases. The target protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by using STRING database and Cytoscape. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were enriched. Visual compound-target-pathway network was established with Cytoscape. The effects of compounds were verified on the inhibitory activities against phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks). Finally, the molecular docking was carried out to confirm the binding affinity of the bioactive compounds and target proteins. Results. Five important active compounds, naringenin (NAR), tangeretin (TAN), luteolin (LUT), hesperetin (HES), and auraptene (AUR), were obtained. The enrichment analysis demonstrated that the pathways associated with inflammation mainly contained PI3K/Akt signalling pathway, TNF signalling pathway, and so on. The most important targets covering inflammation-related proteins might be PI3Ks. In vitro assays and molecular docking exhibited that TAN, LUT, and AUR acted as PI3Kγ inhibitors. Conclusion. The results revealed that QFA could treat URTIs through a multi-compound, multi-target, multi-pathway network, in which TAN, LUT, and AUR acted as PI3Kγ inhibitors, probably contributing to a crucial role in treatment of URTIs.
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Wang SW, Lan T, Chen HF, Sheng H, Xu CY, Xu LF, Zheng F, Zhang F. Limonin, an AMPK Activator, Inhibits Hepatic Lipid Accumulation in High Fat Diet Fed Mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:833705. [PMID: 35140621 PMCID: PMC8819594 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.833705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
NAFLD is the most prevalent liver disease in human history. The treatment is still limited yet. In the current study, we reported that limonin inhibited hepatic lipid accumulation and fatty acid synthesis in HFD fed mice. Using AMPK inhibitor and AMPK deficient C. elegans, we revealed the effect was dependent on the activation of AMPK. We found that limonin activated AMPK through inhibition of cellular energy metabolism and increasing ADP:ATP ratio. Furthermore, the treatment of limonin induced AMPK mediated suppression of the transcriptional activity of SREBP1/2. Our study suggests that limonin may a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-wei Wang
- Core Facility, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People’s Hospital, Quzhou, China
| | - Tian Lan
- Core Facility, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People’s Hospital, Quzhou, China
| | - Hang-fei Chen
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Sheng
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chun-yi Xu
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li-feng Xu
- Core Facility, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People’s Hospital, Quzhou, China
| | - Fang Zheng
- Core Facility, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People’s Hospital, Quzhou, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Core Facility, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People’s Hospital, Quzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Zhang,
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22
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Crystal Structure, Solubility, and Pharmacokinetic Study on a Hesperetin Cocrystal with Piperine as Coformer. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14010094. [PMID: 35056990 PMCID: PMC8778681 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hesperetin (HES) is a key biological active ingredient in citrus peels, and is one of the natural flavonoids that attract the attention of researchers due to its numerous therapeutic bioactivities that have been identified in vitro. As a bioenhancer, piperine (PIP) can effectively improve the absorption of insoluble drugs in vivo. In the present study, a cocrystal of HES and PIP was successfully obtained through solution crystallization. The single-crystal structure was illustrated and comprehensive characterization of the cocrystal was conducted. The cocrystal was formed by two drug molecules at a molar ratio of 1:1, which contained O–H–O hydrogen bonds between the carbonyl and ether oxygen of PIP and the phenolic hydroxyl group of HES. In addition, a solubility experiment was performed on powder cocrystal in simulated gastrointestinal fluid, and the result revealed that the cocrystal improves the dissolution behavior of HES compared with that of the pure substance. Furthermore, HES’s bioavailability in the cocrystal was six times higher than that of pristine drugs. These results may provide an efficient oral formulation for HES.
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23
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Bioactive Compounds in Oxidative Stress-Mediated Diseases: Targeting the NRF2/ARE Signaling Pathway and Epigenetic Regulation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10121859. [PMID: 34942962 PMCID: PMC8698417 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a pathological condition occurring due to an imbalance between the oxidants and antioxidant defense systems in the body. Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2), encoded by the gene NFE2L2, is the master regulator of phase II antioxidant enzymes that protect against oxidative stress and inflammation. NRF2/ARE signaling has been considered as a promising target against oxidative stress-mediated diseases like diabetes, fibrosis, neurotoxicity, and cancer. The consumption of dietary phytochemicals acts as an effective modulator of NRF2/ARE in various acute and chronic diseases. In the present review, we discussed the role of NRF2 in diabetes, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), cancer, and atherosclerosis. Additionally, we discussed the phytochemicals like curcumin, quercetin, resveratrol, epigallocatechin gallate, apigenin, sulforaphane, and ursolic acid that have effectively modified NRF2 signaling and prevented various diseases in both in vitro and in vivo models. Based on the literature, it is clear that dietary phytochemicals can prevent diseases by (1) blocking oxidative stress-inhibiting inflammatory mediators through inhibiting Keap1 or activating Nrf2 expression and its downstream targets in the nucleus, including HO-1, SOD, and CAT; (2) regulating NRF2 signaling by various kinases like GSK3beta, PI3/AKT, and MAPK; and (3) modifying epigenetic modulation, such as methylation, at the NRF2 promoter region; however, further investigation into other upstream signaling molecules like NRF2 and the effect of phytochemicals on them still need to be investigated in the near future.
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24
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Kumar G, Du B, Chen J. Effects and mechanisms of dietary bioactive compounds on breast cancer prevention. Pharmacol Res 2021; 178:105974. [PMID: 34818569 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most often diagnosed cancer among females globally and has become an increasing global health issue over the last decades. Despite the substantial improvement in screening methods for initial diagnosis, effective therapy remains lacking. Still, there has been high recurrence and disease progression after treatment of surgery, endocrine therapy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Considering this view, there is a crucial requirement to develop safe, freely accessible, and effective anticancer therapy for BC. The dietary bioactive compounds as auspicious anticancer agents have been recognized to be active and their implications in the treatment of BC with negligible side effects. Hence, this review focused on various dietary bioactive compounds as potential therapeutic agents in the prevention and treatment of BC with the mechanisms of action. Bioactive compounds have chemo-preventive properties as they inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells, downregulate the expression of estrogen receptors, and cell cycle arrest by inducing apoptotic settings in tumor cells. Therapeutic drugs or natural compounds generally incorporate engineered nanoparticles with ideal sizes, shapes, and enhance their solubility, circulatory half-life, and biodistribution. All data of in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies of dietary bioactive compounds and their impact on BC were collected from Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The data of chemopreventive and anticancer activity of dietary bioactive compounds were collected and orchestrated in a suitable place in the review. These shreds of data will be extremely beneficial to recognize a series of additional diet-derived bioactive compounds to treat BC with the lowest side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesan Kumar
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bing Du
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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