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Shishir MRI, Suo H, Taip FS, Cheng KW. Lactoferrin-chia seed mucilage complex coacervates for intestinal delivery of quercetin and fortification of set yogurt. Food Chem 2024; 456:139818. [PMID: 38878531 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop complex coacervates utilizing lactoferrin (LF) and chia seed mucilage (CSM) for promoting intestinal delivery of quercetin (Q) and fortification of set yogurt. Three cross-linkers, including calcium chloride (CC), transglutaminase (TG), and polyphenolic complex (HP), were used to further reinforce the coacervate network. Cross-linked coacervates had higher values of coacervate yield, encapsulation efficiency, and loading capacity. They efficiently preserved Q under gastric condition (⁓87%-99%), with CSM-TG-Q-LF being most effective for intestinal delivery of Q. Moreover, digested pellets of the cross-linked coacervates displayed better antioxidant activity than the uncross-linked coacervates with CSM-TG-Q-LF pellets showing maximum bioactivity. The Q-loaded coacervates demonstrated superior assembly in the yogurt matrix compared to the unencapsulated Q. Moreover, the coacervate systems, especially CSM-TG-Q-LF significantly improved the textural properties of yogurt and the stability of Q in it. Therefore, CSM-TG-LF is a promising carrier to promote intestinal delivery and food application of hydrophobic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rezaul Islam Shishir
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Suo
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; School of Life and Health Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Farah Saleena Taip
- Department of Process and Food Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ka-Wing Cheng
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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2
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Lee GB, Kim Y, Lee KE, Vinayagam R, Singh M, Kang SG. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Quercetin, Rutin, and Troxerutin Result From the Inhibition of NO Production and the Reduction of COX-2 Levels in RAW 264.7 Cells Treated with LPS. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-024-05003-4. [PMID: 39096472 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-024-05003-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Flavonols effectively scavenge the reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and act as immune-enhancing, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anti-carcinogenic agents. Here, we explored the comparative antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of plant-originating flavonols, like quercetin, rutin, and troxerutin against acetylsalicylic acid. Quercetin and rutin showed a high ability to remove active ROS, but troxerutin and acetylsalicylic acid exhibited little such function. In RAW 264.7 cells, quercetin, rutin, and troxerutin did not exhibit cellular toxicity at low concentrations. In addition, quercetin, rutin, and troxerutin considerably (p < 0.05) lowered the protein expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) as compared to acetylsalicylic acid in cells inflamed with lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Additionally, in inflamed cells, quercetin and rutin significantly down-regulated the nitrogen oxide (NO) level (p < 0.05) at higher concentrations, whereas Troxerutin did not reduce the NO level. In addition, Troxerutin down-regulated the pro-inflammatory protein markers, such as TNF-α, COX-2, NF-κB, and IL-1β better than quercetin, rutin, and acetylsalicylic acid. We observed that troxerutin exhibited a significantly greater anti-inflammatory effect than acetylsalicylic acid did. Acetylsalicylic acid did not significantly down-regulated the expression of COX-2 and TNF-α (p < 0.05) compared to troxerutin. Hence, it can be concluded that the down-regulation of NO levels and the expression of COX-2 and TNF-α proteins could be mechanisms of action for the natural compounds quercetin, rutin, and troxerutin in preventing inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi Baek Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, College of Life and Applied Sciences, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Yohan Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, College of Life and Applied Sciences, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Eun Lee
- Stemforce, 313 Institute of Industrial Technology, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Ramachandran Vinayagam
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, College of Life and Applied Sciences, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahendra Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, College of Life and Applied Sciences, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Gu Kang
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, College of Life and Applied Sciences, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea.
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Lewis JA, Jacobo EP, Palmer N, Vermerris W, Sattler SE, Brozik JA, Sarath G, Kang C. Structural and Interactional Analysis of the Flavonoid Pathway Proteins: Chalcone Synthase, Chalcone Isomerase and Chalcone Isomerase-like Protein. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5651. [PMID: 38891840 PMCID: PMC11172311 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Chalcone synthase (CHS) and chalcone isomerase (CHI) catalyze the first two committed steps of the flavonoid pathway that plays a pivotal role in the growth and reproduction of land plants, including UV protection, pigmentation, symbiotic nitrogen fixation, and pathogen resistance. Based on the obtained X-ray crystal structures of CHS, CHI, and chalcone isomerase-like protein (CHIL) from the same monocotyledon, Panicum virgatum, along with the results of the steady-state kinetics, spectroscopic/thermodynamic analyses, intermolecular interactions, and their effect on each catalytic step are proposed. In addition, PvCHI's unique activity for both naringenin chalcone and isoliquiritigenin was analyzed, and the observed hierarchical activity for those type-I and -II substrates was explained with the intrinsic characteristics of the enzyme and two substrates. The structure of PvCHS complexed with naringenin supports uncompetitive inhibition. PvCHS displays intrinsic catalytic promiscuity, evident from the formation of p-coumaroyltriacetic acid lactone (CTAL) in addition to naringenin chalcone. In the presence of PvCHIL, conversion of p-coumaroyl-CoA to naringenin through PvCHS and PvCHI displayed ~400-fold increased Vmax with reduced formation of CTAL by 70%. Supporting this model, molecular docking, ITC (Isothermal Titration Calorimetry), and FRET (Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer) indicated that both PvCHI and PvCHIL interact with PvCHS in a non-competitive manner, indicating the plausible allosteric effect of naringenin on CHS. Significantly, the presence of naringenin increased the affinity between PvCHS and PvCHIL, whereas naringenin chalcone decreased the affinity, indicating a plausible feedback mechanism to minimize spontaneous incorrect stereoisomers. These are the first findings from a three-body system from the same species, indicating the importance of the macromolecular assembly of CHS-CHI-CHIL in determining the amount and type of flavonoids produced in plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob A. Lewis
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (J.A.L.); (E.P.J.); (J.A.B.)
| | - Eric P. Jacobo
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (J.A.L.); (E.P.J.); (J.A.B.)
| | - Nathan Palmer
- Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, Wheat, Sorghum, and Forage Research Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; (N.P.); (S.E.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Wilfred Vermerris
- Department of Microbiology & Cell Science and UF Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
| | - Scott E. Sattler
- Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, Wheat, Sorghum, and Forage Research Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; (N.P.); (S.E.S.); (G.S.)
| | - James A Brozik
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (J.A.L.); (E.P.J.); (J.A.B.)
| | - Gautam Sarath
- Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, Wheat, Sorghum, and Forage Research Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; (N.P.); (S.E.S.); (G.S.)
| | - ChulHee Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (J.A.L.); (E.P.J.); (J.A.B.)
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Ho WY, Shen ZH, Chen Y, Chen TH, Lu X, Fu YS. Therapeutic implications of quercetin and its derived-products in COVID-19 protection and prophylactic. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30080. [PMID: 38765079 PMCID: PMC11098804 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel human coronavirus, which has triggered a global pandemic of the coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19). Outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases continue to challenge human health worldwide. The virus conquers human cells through the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor-driven pathway by mostly targeting the human respiratory tract. Quercetin is a natural flavonoid widely represented in the plant kingdom. Cumulative evidence has demonstrated that quercetin and its derivatives have various pharmacological properties including anti-cancer, anti-hypertension, anti-hyperlipidemia, anti-hyperglycemia, anti-microbial, antiviral, neuroprotective, and cardio-protective effects, because it is a potential treatment for severe inflammation and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Furthermore, it is the main life-threatening condition in patients with COVID-19. This article provides a comprehensive review of the primary literature on the predictable effectiveness of quercetin and its derivatives docked to multi-target of SARS-CoV-2 and host cells via in silico and some of validation through in vitro, in vivo, and clinically to fight SARS-CoV-2 infections, contribute to the reduction of inflammation, which suggests the preventive and therapeutic latency of quercetin and its derived-products against COVID-19 pandemic, multisystem inflammatory syndromes (MIS), and long-COVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Yi Ho
- Department of Anatomy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Zi-Han Shen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361023, Fujian, China
| | - Yijing Chen
- Department of Dentisty, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361023, Fujian, China
| | - Ting-Hsu Chen
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan
| | - XiaoLin Lu
- Anatomy Section, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361023, Fujian, China
| | - Yaw-Syan Fu
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361023, Fujian, China
- Anatomy Section, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361023, Fujian, China
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Roohi TF, Mehdi S, Aarfi S, Krishna KL, Pathak S, Suhail SM, Faizan S. Biomarkers and signaling pathways of diabetic nephropathy and peripheral neuropathy: possible therapeutic intervention of rutin and quercetin. Diabetol Int 2024; 15:145-169. [PMID: 38524936 PMCID: PMC10959902 DOI: 10.1007/s13340-023-00680-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy and peripheral neuropathy are the two main complications of chronic diabetes that contribute to high morbidity and mortality. These conditions are characterized by the dysregulation of multiple molecular signaling pathways and the presence of specific biomarkers such as inflammatory cytokines, indicators of oxidative stress, and components of the renin-angiotensin system. In this review, we systematically collected and collated the relevant information from MEDLINE, EMBASE, ELSEVIER, PUBMED, GOOGLE, WEB OF SCIENCE, and SCOPUS databases. This review was conceived with primary objective of revealing the functions of these biomarkers and signaling pathways in the initiation and progression of diabetic nephropathy and peripheral neuropathy. We also highlighted the potential therapeutic effectiveness of rutin and quercetin, two plant-derived flavonoids known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The findings of our study demonstrated that both flavonoids can regulate important disease-promoting systems, such as inflammation, oxidative stress, and dysregulation of the renin-angiotensin system. Importantly, rutin and quercetin have shown protective benefits against nephropathy and neuropathy in diabetic animal models, suggesting them as potential therapeutic agents. These findings provide a solid foundation for further comprehensive investigations and clinical trials to evaluate the potential of rutin and quercetin in the management of diabetic nephropathy and peripheral neuropathy. This may contribute to the development of more efficient and comprehensive treatment approaches for diabetes-associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamsheel Fatima Roohi
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka 570015 India
| | - Seema Mehdi
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka 570015 India
| | - Sadaf Aarfi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Amity University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - K. L. Krishna
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka 570015 India
| | - Suman Pathak
- Department of Dravyaguna, Govt. Ayurvedic Medical College, Shimoga, Karnataka 577 201 India
| | - Seikh Mohammad Suhail
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka 570015 India
| | - Syed Faizan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka 570015 India
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Seraglio SKT, Schulz M, Silva B, Pasini Deolindo CT, Hoff RB, Gonzaga LV, Fett R, Costa ACO. Chemical Constituents and Antioxidant Potential of Red Guava (Psidium cattleianum Sabine) from Southern Brazil in Different Edible Ripening Stages. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 79:166-172. [PMID: 38252363 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-024-01141-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Ripening and growing location are important factors that can impact fruit quality characteristics. In this study, the influence of these factors on physicochemical characteristics, carbohydrates, aliphatic organic acids, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant capacity of red guava (Psidium cattleianum Sabine) was evaluated. Fruit ripening increased fructose and glucose (up to 22.83 and 16.42 g 100 g- 1 dry matter (DM), respectively), and decreased citric acid, the major organic acid (up to 135.35 mg g- 1 DM). Ripening and growing location also influenced the concentration of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of red guava, in which a dependency between both factors was observed in most cases. Apigenin, galangin, isoquercitrin, among other phenolic compounds were quantified for the first time in red guava, in which isoquercitrin was the major (up to 13409.81 mg kg- 1 DM). The antioxidant potential of red guava was also confirmed by ferric reducing antioxidant power assay (up to 82.63 µmol Fe+ 2 g- 1 DM), Folin-Ciocalteu reducing capacity assay (up to 17.79 mg gallic acid equivalent g- 1 DM), and DPPH free radical scavenging assay (up to 25.36 mg ascorbic acid equivalent g- 1 DM). These results especially demonstrated the bioactive potential of red guava and provided knowledge regarding the influence of ripening and growing location on chemical and bioactive components encouraging its industrial exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siluana Katia Tischer Seraglio
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Admar Gonzaga 1346, Itacorubi, Florianópolis, SC, 88034-001, Brazil.
| | - Mayara Schulz
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Admar Gonzaga 1346, Itacorubi, Florianópolis, SC, 88034-001, Brazil
| | - Bibiana Silva
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Admar Gonzaga 1346, Itacorubi, Florianópolis, SC, 88034-001, Brazil
| | - Carolina Turnes Pasini Deolindo
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Admar Gonzaga 1346, Itacorubi, Florianópolis, SC, 88034-001, Brazil
- Federal Agricultural Defense Laboratory, Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply, São José, 91780-580, SC, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Barcellos Hoff
- Federal Agricultural Defense Laboratory, Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply, São José, 91780-580, SC, Brazil
| | - Luciano Valdemiro Gonzaga
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Admar Gonzaga 1346, Itacorubi, Florianópolis, SC, 88034-001, Brazil
| | - Roseane Fett
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Admar Gonzaga 1346, Itacorubi, Florianópolis, SC, 88034-001, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Oliveira Costa
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Admar Gonzaga 1346, Itacorubi, Florianópolis, SC, 88034-001, Brazil.
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Bourdas DI, Travlos AK, Souglis A, Stavropoulou G, Zacharakis E, Gofas DC, Bakirtzoglou P. Effects of a Singular Dose of Mangiferin-Quercetin Supplementation on Basketball Performance: A Double-Blind Crossover Study of High-Level Male Players. Nutrients 2024; 16:170. [PMID: 38201999 PMCID: PMC10781150 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Pre-exercise mangiferin-quercetin may enhance athletic performance. This study investigated the effect of mangiferin-quercetin supplementation on high-level male basketball players during a basketball exercise simulation test (BEST) comprising 24 circuits of 30 s activities with various movement distances. The participants were divided into two groups (EXP = 19 and CON = 19) and given a placebo one hour before the BEST (PRE-condition). The following week, the EXP group received mangiferin-quercetin (84 mg/140 mg), while the CON group received a placebo (POST-condition) before the BEST in a double-blind, cross-over design. The mean heart rate (HR) and circuit and sprint times (CT and ST) during the BEST were measured, along with the capillary blood lactate levels (La-), the subjective rating of muscle soreness (RPMS), and the perceived exertion (RPE) during a resting state prior to and following the BEST. The results showed significant interactions for the mean CT (p = 0.013) and RPE (p = 0.004); a marginal interaction for La- (p = 0.054); and non-significant interactions for the mean HR, mean ST, and RPMS. Moreover, the EXP group had significantly lower values in the POST condition for the mean CT (18.17 ± 2.08 s) and RPE (12.42 ± 1.02) compared to the PRE condition (20.33 ± 1.96 s and 13.47 ± 1.22, respectively) and the POST condition of the CON group (20.31 ± 2.10 s and 13.32 ± 1.16, respectively) (p < 0.05). These findings highlight the potential of pre-game mangiferin-quercetin supplementation to enhance intermittent high-intensity efforts in sports such as basketball.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios I. Bourdas
- Section of Sport Medicine & Biology of Exercise, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 41 Ethnikis Antistasis, 17237 Daphne, Greece; (D.I.B.); (A.S.); (E.Z.)
| | - Antonios K. Travlos
- Department of Sports Organization and Management, Faculty of Human Movement and Quality of Life Sciences, University of Peloponnese, Efstathiou and Stamatikis Valioti & Plataion Avenue, 23100 Sparta, Greece;
| | - Athanasios Souglis
- Section of Sport Medicine & Biology of Exercise, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 41 Ethnikis Antistasis, 17237 Daphne, Greece; (D.I.B.); (A.S.); (E.Z.)
| | - Georgia Stavropoulou
- School of Philosophy and Education, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Emmanouil Zacharakis
- Section of Sport Medicine & Biology of Exercise, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 41 Ethnikis Antistasis, 17237 Daphne, Greece; (D.I.B.); (A.S.); (E.Z.)
| | - Dimitrios C. Gofas
- Arsakeia-Tositseia Schools, Philekpaideftiki Etaireia, Mitilinis 26, 11256 Athens, Greece;
| | - Panteleimon Bakirtzoglou
- Faculty of Sport Sciences & Physical Education, Metropolitan College, Eleftheriou Venizelou 14, 54624 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Tritean N, Dimitriu L, Dima ȘO, Stoica R, Trică B, Ghiurea M, Moraru I, Cimpean A, Oancea F, Constantinescu-Aruxandei D. Cytocompatibility, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of a Mucoadhesive Biopolymeric Hydrogel Embedding Selenium Nanoparticles Phytosynthesized by Sea Buckthorn Leaf Extract. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 17:23. [PMID: 38256857 PMCID: PMC10819796 DOI: 10.3390/ph17010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Phytosynthesized selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are less toxic than the inorganic salts of selenium and show high antioxidant and antibacterial activity. Chitosan prevents microbial biofilm formation and can also determine microbial biofilm dispersal. Never-dried bacterial nanocellulose (NDBNC) is an efficient carrier of bioactive compounds and a flexible nanofibrillar hydrophilic biopolymer. This study aimed to develop a selenium-enriched hydrogel nanoformulation (Se-HNF) based on NDBNC from kombucha fermentation and fungal chitosan with embedded biogenic SeNPs phytosynthesized by an aqueous extract of sea buckthorn leaves (SbLEx)-SeNPsSb-in order to both disperse gingival dysbiotic biofilm and prevent its development. We determined the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of SbLEx. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used for the identification of polyphenols from SbLEx. SeNPsSb were characterized by transmission electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (TEM-EDX), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) in small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS and WAXS). The hydrogel nanoformulation with embedded SeNPsSb was characterized by SEM, FTIR, XRD, rheology, mucin binding efficiency, contact angle and interfacial tension measurements. We also assessed the in vitro biocompatibility, antioxidant activity and antimicrobial and antibiofilm potential of SeNPsSb and Se-HNF. TEM, DLS and SAXS evidenced polydisperse SeNPsSb, whereas FTIR highlighted a heterogeneous biocorona with various biocompounds. The contact angle on the polar surface was smaller (52.82 ± 1.23°) than that obtained on the non-polar surface (73.85 ± 0.39°). The interfacial tension was 97.6 ± 0.47 mN/m. The mucin binding efficiency of Se-HNF decreased as the amount of hydrogel decreased, and the SEM analysis showed a relatively compact structure upon mucin contact. FTIR and XRD analyses of Se-HNF evidenced an interaction between BNC and CS through characteristic peak shifting, and the rheological measurements highlighted a pseudoplastic behavior, 0.186 N adhesion force and 0.386 adhesion energy. The results showed a high degree of cytocompatibility and the significant antioxidant and antimicrobial efficiency of SeNPsSb and Se-HNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Tritean
- Bioresources, Polymers and Analysis Departments, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independentei No. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (N.T.); (L.D.); (Ș.-O.D.); (R.S.); (B.T.); (M.G.)
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 91-95, 050095 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Luminița Dimitriu
- Bioresources, Polymers and Analysis Departments, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independentei No. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (N.T.); (L.D.); (Ș.-O.D.); (R.S.); (B.T.); (M.G.)
- Faculty of Biotechnologies, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Mărăști Blv., No. 59, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ștefan-Ovidiu Dima
- Bioresources, Polymers and Analysis Departments, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independentei No. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (N.T.); (L.D.); (Ș.-O.D.); (R.S.); (B.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Rusăndica Stoica
- Bioresources, Polymers and Analysis Departments, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independentei No. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (N.T.); (L.D.); (Ș.-O.D.); (R.S.); (B.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Bogdan Trică
- Bioresources, Polymers and Analysis Departments, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independentei No. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (N.T.); (L.D.); (Ș.-O.D.); (R.S.); (B.T.); (M.G.)
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, Splaiul Independenței nr. 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marius Ghiurea
- Bioresources, Polymers and Analysis Departments, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independentei No. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (N.T.); (L.D.); (Ș.-O.D.); (R.S.); (B.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Ionuț Moraru
- Laboratoarele Medica Srl, str. Frasinului nr. 11, 075100 Otopeni, Romania;
| | - Anisoara Cimpean
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 91-95, 050095 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Florin Oancea
- Bioresources, Polymers and Analysis Departments, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independentei No. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (N.T.); (L.D.); (Ș.-O.D.); (R.S.); (B.T.); (M.G.)
- Faculty of Biotechnologies, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Mărăști Blv., No. 59, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Diana Constantinescu-Aruxandei
- Bioresources, Polymers and Analysis Departments, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independentei No. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (N.T.); (L.D.); (Ș.-O.D.); (R.S.); (B.T.); (M.G.)
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9
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Islas-Garduño AL, Romero-Cerecero O, Jiménez-Aparicio AR, Tortoriello J, Montiel-Ruiz RM, González-Cortazar M, Zamilpa A. Pharmacological and Chemical Analysis of Bauhinia divaricata L. Using an In Vitro Antiadipogenic Model. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3799. [PMID: 38005696 PMCID: PMC10674420 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is characterized by an excessive and abnormal accumulation of fat. According to the 2022 National Health and Nutrition Survey, in Mexico, the prevalence of overweight and obesity-diagnosed if one's body mass index (BMI) was ≥25 kg/m2-in adults was 75.2%. A strong association between the amount of visceral fat and diseases such as diabetes mellitus type II has been recognized. Species of the Bauhinia genus have lipid-lowering and antidiabetic properties. The aim of this work was to evaluate the lipolytic and antiadipogenic activity of Bauhinia divaricata L. in 3T3-L1 cells and to identify the major compounds in the bioactive treatments. The extraction of aerial parts allowed us to obtain hexanic (BdHex), ethyl acetate (BdEAc), and hydroalcoholic (BdHA) extracts. Lipid levels were measured in 3T3-L1 cells differentiated into adipocytes. Our evaluation of cell viability identified an IC50 > 1000 μg/mL in all the extracts, and our evaluation of the antiadipogenic activity indicated that there was a significant reduction (p < 0.001) in the accumulation of lipids with hydroalcoholic (60%) and ethyl acetate (75%) extracts of B. divaricate compared with metformin at 30 mM (65%). The major compounds identified in these extracts were as follows: triacetin (1), 2,3-dihydroxypropyl acetate (2), (3E)-2-methyl-4-(1,3,3-trimethyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]hept-2-yl)-3-buten-2-ol (3), 2,5-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (4), (3R)-3-hydroxydodecanoic acid (5), kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside (6), and quercetin 3-O-rhamnoside (7). Some of these naturally occurring compounds have been related to the anti-obesity effects of other medicinal plants; therefore, these compounds isolated from B. divaricata could be responsible for inhibiting the differentiation process from preadipocytes to mature adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Laura Islas-Garduño
- Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Yautepec 62739, Mexico;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Xochitepec 62790, Mexico; (O.R.-C.); (J.T.); (R.M.M.-R.); (M.G.-C.)
| | - Ofelia Romero-Cerecero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Xochitepec 62790, Mexico; (O.R.-C.); (J.T.); (R.M.M.-R.); (M.G.-C.)
| | | | - Jaime Tortoriello
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Xochitepec 62790, Mexico; (O.R.-C.); (J.T.); (R.M.M.-R.); (M.G.-C.)
| | - Rosa Mariana Montiel-Ruiz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Xochitepec 62790, Mexico; (O.R.-C.); (J.T.); (R.M.M.-R.); (M.G.-C.)
| | - Manases González-Cortazar
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Xochitepec 62790, Mexico; (O.R.-C.); (J.T.); (R.M.M.-R.); (M.G.-C.)
| | - Alejandro Zamilpa
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Xochitepec 62790, Mexico; (O.R.-C.); (J.T.); (R.M.M.-R.); (M.G.-C.)
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10
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Lewis JA, Zhang B, Harza R, Palmer N, Sarath G, Sattler SE, Twigg P, Vermerris W, Kang C. Structural Similarities and Overlapping Activities among Dihydroflavonol 4-Reductase, Flavanone 4-Reductase, and Anthocyanidin Reductase Offer Metabolic Flexibility in the Flavonoid Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13901. [PMID: 37762209 PMCID: PMC10531346 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are potent antioxidants that play a role in defense against pathogens, UV-radiation, and the detoxification of reactive oxygen species. Dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR) and flavanone 4-reductase (FNR) reduce dihydroflavonols and flavanones, respectively, using NAD(P)H to produce flavan-(3)-4-(di)ols in flavonoid biosynthesis. Anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) reduces anthocyanidins to flavan-3-ols. In addition to their sequences, the 3D structures of recombinant DFR, FNR and ANR from sorghum and switchgrass showed a high level of similarity. The catalytic mechanism, substrate-specificity and key residues of three reductases were deduced from crystal structures, site-directed mutagenesis, molecular docking, kinetics, and thermodynamic ana-lyses. Although DFR displayed its highest activity against dihydroflavonols, it also showed activity against flavanones and anthocyanidins. It was inhibited by the flavonol quercetin and high concentrations of dihydroflavonols/flavonones. SbFNR1 and SbFNR2 did not show any activity against dihydroflavonols. However, SbFNR1 displayed activity against flavanones and ANR activity against two anthocyanidins, cyanidin and pelargonidin. Therefore, SbFNR1 and SbFNR2 could be specific ANR isozymes without delphinidin activity. Sorghum has high concentrations of 3-deoxyanthocyanidins in vivo, supporting the observed high activity of SbDFR against flavonols. Mining of expression data indicated substantial induction of these three reductase genes in both switchgrass and sorghum in response to biotic stress. Key signature sequences for proper DFR/ANR classification are proposed and could form the basis for future metabolic engineering of flavonoid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob A. Lewis
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (J.A.L.); (B.Z.)
| | - Bixia Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (J.A.L.); (B.Z.)
| | - Rishi Harza
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (J.A.L.); (B.Z.)
| | - Nathan Palmer
- Wheat, Sorghum, Forage Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; (N.P.); (G.S.); (S.E.S.)
| | - Gautam Sarath
- Wheat, Sorghum, Forage Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; (N.P.); (G.S.); (S.E.S.)
| | - Scott E. Sattler
- Wheat, Sorghum, Forage Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; (N.P.); (G.S.); (S.E.S.)
| | - Paul Twigg
- Biology Department, University of Nebraska at Kearney, Kearney, NE 68849, USA;
| | - Wilfred Vermerris
- Department of Microbiology & Cell Science and UF Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
| | - ChulHee Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (J.A.L.); (B.Z.)
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11
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Solnier J, Chang C, Pizzorno J. Consideration for Flavonoid-Containing Dietary Supplements to Tackle Deficiency and Optimize Health. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108663. [PMID: 37240008 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Randomized clinical trials (RCT) and observational studies have highlighted the importance of flavonoid consumption for human health. Several studies have associated a high intake of dietary flavonoids with (a) enhanced metabolic and cardiovascular health, (b) enhanced cognitive and vascular endothelial functions, (c) an improved glycemic response in type 2 diabetes mellitus, and (d) a reduced risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Since flavonoids belong to a broad and diverse family of polyphenolic plant molecules-with more than 6000 compounds interspersed in the human diet-researchers are still uncertain whether the intake of single, individual polyphenols or a large combination of them (i.e., synergistic action) can produce the greatest health benefits for humans. Furthermore, studies have reported a poor bioavailability of flavonoid compounds in humans, which presents a major challenge for determining their optimal dosage, recommended intake, and, consequently, their therapeutic value. Especially because of their scarce bioavailability from foods-along with the overall declining food quality and nutrient density in foods-the role of flavonoid supplementation may become increasingly important for human health. Although research shows that dietary supplements can be a highly useful tool to complement diets that lack sufficient amounts of important nutrients, some caution is warranted regarding possible interactions with prescription and non-prescription drugs, especially when taken concurrently. Herein, we discuss the current scientific basis for using flavonoid supplementation to improve health as well as the limitations related to high intakes of dietary flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Solnier
- ISURA, Clinical Research Unit, 101-3680 Bonneville Place, Burnaby, BC V3N 4T5, Canada
| | - Chuck Chang
- ISURA, Clinical Research Unit, 101-3680 Bonneville Place, Burnaby, BC V3N 4T5, Canada
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12
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Saidi S, Remok F, Handaq N, Drioiche A, Gourich AA, Menyiy NE, Amalich S, Elouardi M, Touijer H, Bouhrim M, Bouissane L, Nafidi HA, Bin Jardan YA, Bourhia M, Zair T. Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Antidiabetic Activities of Ajuga iva (L.). Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13051165. [PMID: 37240812 DOI: 10.3390/life13051165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In Morocco, many applications in ethnomedicine on Ajuga iva (L.) have been recognized as able to treat various pathologies such as diabetes, stress, and microbial infections. The objective of this work is to carry out phytochemical, biological, and pharmacological investigations on the extracts of Ajuga iva leaves in order to confirm its therapeutic effects. The phytochemical screening carried out on the different extracts of Ajuga iva showed its richness in primary (lipids and proteins) and secondary metabolites (flavonoids, tannins, reducing compounds, oses, and holoside. The best contents of polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins evaluated by spectrophotometric methods were found in the hydroethanolic extract (69.850 ± 2.783 mg EAG/g DE, 17.127 ± 0.474 mg EQ/g DE, 5.566 ± 0.000 mg EQC/g DE), respectively. Analysis of the chemical composition of the aqueous extract by LC/UV/MS revealed 32 polyphenolic compounds including ferulic acid (19.06%), quercetin (10.19%), coumaric acid (9.63%), and apigenin-7-(2-O-apiosylglucoside) (6.8%). The antioxidant activity of Ajuga iva extracts was evaluated by three methods (DPPH*, FRAP, CAT). The hydroethanolic extract recorded the strongest reducing power: DPPH* (IC50 = 59.92 ± 0.7 µg/mL), FRAP (EC50 = 196.85 ± 1.54 (µg/mL), and CAT (199.21 ± 0.37 mg EAG/gE). A strong correlation between phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities was confirmed by the determination of Pearson's coefficient. The antimicrobial activity of Ajuga iva studied by the microtiter method revealed potent antifungal and antibacterial qualities against Candida parapsilosis and Staphylococcus aureus BLACT. An in vivo oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) using normal rats revealed that the antihyperglycemic action of the aqueous extract significantly reduced postprandial hyperglycaemia at (30 min, p < 0.01) and area under the curve (AUC glucose), p < 0.01. Similarly, the aqueous extract, tested on pancreatic α-amylase enzyme activity in vitro and in vivo significantly inhibited pancreatic α-amylase activity with IC50 = 1.52 ± 0.03 mg/mL. In conclusion, the extract from Ajuga iva could be a good source of bioactive molecules, which exhibit potent antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, as well as strong antidiabetic activity, for applications in the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soukaina Saidi
- Research Team of Bioactive Molecules and Environment Chemistry, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco
- Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Faculty of Science and Technologies, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal 23000, Morocco
| | - Firdaous Remok
- Research Team of Bioactive Molecules and Environment Chemistry, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco
| | - Nadia Handaq
- Research Team of Bioactive Molecules and Environment Chemistry, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco
- Plant Valorization and Protection Research Team, Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Sustainable Development, Higher Normal School of Tetouan, Abdelmaek Essaadi University, Tetouan 93000, Morocco
| | - Aziz Drioiche
- Research Team of Bioactive Molecules and Environment Chemistry, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco
| | - Aman Allah Gourich
- Research Team of Bioactive Molecules and Environment Chemistry, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco
| | - Naoual El Menyiy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Phytochemistry, National Agency of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Taounate 34025, Morocco
| | - Smail Amalich
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Phytochemistry, National Agency of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Taounate 34025, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Elouardi
- Research Team of Bioactive Molecules and Environment Chemistry, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco
| | - Hanane Touijer
- Research Team of Bioactive Molecules and Environment Chemistry, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Bouhrim
- Laboratory of Biological Engineering, Team of Functional and Pathological Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology Beni Mellal, University Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal 23000, Morocco
| | - Latifa Bouissane
- Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Faculty of Science and Technologies, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal 23000, Morocco
| | - Hiba-Allah Nafidi
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Yousef A Bin Jardan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Bourhia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Laayoune 70000, Morocco
| | - Touriya Zair
- Research Team of Bioactive Molecules and Environment Chemistry, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco
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13
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Patel U, Desai K, Dabhi RC, Maru JJ, Shrivastav PS. Bioprospecting phytochemicals of Rosmarinus officinalis L. for targeting SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M pro): a computational study. J Mol Model 2023; 29:161. [PMID: 37115321 PMCID: PMC10141822 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05569-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The persistent spread of highly contagious COVID-19 disease is one of the deadliest occurrences in the history of mankind. Despite the distribution of numerous efficacious vaccines and their extensive usage, the perpetual effectiveness of immunization is being catechized. Therefore, discovering an alternative therapy to control and prevent COVID-19 infections has become a top priority. The main protease (Mpro) plays a key role in viral replication, making it an intriguing pharmacological target for SARS-CoV-2. METHODS In this context, virtual screening of thirteen bioactive polyphenols and terpenoids of Rosmarinus officinalis L. was performed using several computational modules including molecular docking, ADMET, drug-likeness characteristics, and molecular dynamic simulation to predict the potential inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro (PDB: 6LU7). The results suggest that apigenin, betulinic acid, luteolin, carnosol, and rosmarinic acid may emerge as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 with acceptable drug-likeness, pharmacokinetics, ADMET characteristics, and binding interactions comparable with remdesivir and favipiravir. These findings imply that some of the active components of Rosmarinus officinalis L. can serve as an effective antiviral source for the development of therapeutics for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Unnati Patel
- Department of Chemistry, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Krishna Desai
- Department of Botany, Bioinformatics and Climate Change Impacts Management, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Ranjitsinh C Dabhi
- Department of Chemistry, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Jayesh J Maru
- Department of Chemistry, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Pranav S Shrivastav
- Department of Chemistry, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India.
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14
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Ma C, Liu C, Ren M, Cui L, Xi X, Kang W. Inhibitory effect of quercetin-3-O-α-rhamnoside, p-coumaric acid, phloridzin and 4-O-β-glucopyranosyl-cis-coumaric acid on rats liver microsomes cytochrome P450 enzyme activities. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 172:113583. [PMID: 36577462 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
P-coumaric acid, phloridzin, quercetin-3-O-α-rhamnoside and 4-O-β-glucopyranosyl-cis-coumaric acid isolated in Malus micromalus Makino fruit were investigated the inhibitory activity of cytochrome CYP450 enzyme by the probe test method of rat liver microsomes in vitro, and determined the role in drug metabolism and/or toxicology. Enzymatic kinetics method was used to determine the inhibition type of these components and corresponding inhibition constants. The results demonstrated that all the 4 compounds had no significance to inhibit the activities of CYP2E1 and CYP2C11. P-coumaric acid, phloridzin and quercetin-3-O-α-rhamnoside had a weak inhibitory effect on CYP3A4, which belonged to the competitive inhibitory type with inhibitory constants of 10.56, 30.79 and 40.29 μmol L-1, respectively. 4-O-β-glucopyranosyl-cis-coumaric acid had a moderate inhibitory effect on CYP3A4, which belonged to the anti-competitive inhibition type and the inhibition constant was 5.56 μmol L-1. The CYP1A2 could be weakly inhibited by p-coumaric acid in the competitive type, and the inhibition constant is 25.20 μmol L-1 4-O-β-glucopyranosyl-cis-coumaric acid exhibited anti-competitive inhibition of CYP1A2 with an inhibition constant of 19.91 μmol L-1, and the inhibition effect was weak. The results will be useful to optimize the clinical dosage regimen and avoid drug-drug interactions when it is utilized comminating with other medicines in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyang Ma
- National R & D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Henan University, Shenzhen, 518000, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Food & Medicine Resource Function, Henan Province, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Cunyu Liu
- National R & D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Mengjie Ren
- National R & D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Lili Cui
- National R & D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Food & Medicine Resource Function, Henan Province, Kaifeng, 475004, China; Henan Province Functional Food Engineering Technology Research Center, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Xuefeng Xi
- National R & D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China; College of Physical Education, Henan University, Henan, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
| | - Wenyi Kang
- National R & D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Henan University, Shenzhen, 518000, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Food & Medicine Resource Function, Henan Province, Kaifeng, 475004, China; Henan Province Functional Food Engineering Technology Research Center, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China.
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15
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Joseph A, Shanmughan P, Balakrishnan A, Maliakel B, M KI. Enhanced Bioavailability and Pharmacokinetics of a Natural Self-Emulsifying Reversible Hybrid-Hydrogel System of Quercetin: A Randomized Double-Blinded Comparative Crossover Study. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:46825-46832. [PMID: 36570285 PMCID: PMC9774360 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Despite the vast array of health beneficial pharmacological effects, the bioavailability of the dietary flavonoid quercetin was found to be poor due to insolubility, incompatibility, and rapid biotransformation. Herein, we investigated the solubility, morphology, particle size, stability, in vitro release, and human pharmacokinetics of a hybrid-hydrogel formulation of quercetin (FQ-35) using fenugreek galactomannans as the hydrogel scaffold. Physicochemical characterization revealed that the crystalline quercetin was well encapsulated in the hydrogel matrix to form translucent microgel particles of FQ-35 with enhanced solubility (96-fold). The mean particle size was found to be 183.6 ± 42.7 nm with a zeta potential of 35.1 ± 3.8 mV. Pharmacokinetic investigation on healthy volunteers (N = 16) employing tandem mass spectrometric (ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry) measurements of the concentration of free (unconjugated) and conjugated quercetin metabolites revealed an 18.6-fold improvement in free (unconjugated) quercetin bioavailability and 62-fold improvement in total quercetin (sum of free and conjugated) bioavailability, compared to the unformulated quercetin extracted from Sophora japonica. In summary, the natural self-emulsifying reversible hybrid-hydrogel delivery system was found to offer significant solubility, stability, and bioavailability of quercetin upon single-dose oral administration.
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16
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Zhao L, Ling L, Lu J, Jiang F, Sun J, Zhang Z, Huang Y, Liu X, Zhu Y, Fu X, Peng S, Yuan W, Zhao R, Zhang Z. Reactive oxygen species‐responsive mitochondria‐targeted liposomal quercetin attenuates retinal ischemia–reperfusion injury via regulating
SIRT1
/
FOXO3A
and p38
MAPK
signaling pathways. Bioeng Transl Med 2022; 8:e10460. [DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Laien Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong Yantai University Yantai People's Republic of China
| | - Longbing Ling
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong Yantai University Yantai People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong Yantai University Yantai People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Tianjin People's Republic of China
| | - Jianchao Sun
- School of Environment and Material Engineering Yantai University Yantai People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yantai University Yantai People's Republic of China
| | - Yanmei Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong Yantai University Yantai People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong Yantai University Yantai People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjuan Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong Yantai University Yantai People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxuan Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong Yantai University Yantai People's Republic of China
| | - Shengjun Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong Yantai University Yantai People's Republic of China
| | - Wenze Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong Yantai University Yantai People's Republic of China
| | - Ruikang Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong Yantai University Yantai People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuhong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong Yantai University Yantai People's Republic of China
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Quercetin Derivatives in Combating Spinal Cord Injury: A Mechanistic and Systematic Review. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12121960. [PMID: 36556325 PMCID: PMC9783198 DOI: 10.3390/life12121960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) possesses a complicated etiology. There is no FDA-approved treatment for SCI, and the majority of current interventions focus on reducing symptoms. During SCI, inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy are behind the secondary phase of SCI and cause serious consequences. It urges the need for providing multi-targeting agents, that possess lower side effects and higher efficacy. The plant secondary metabolites are multi-targeting agents and seem to provide new roads in combating diseases. Flavonoids are phytochemicals of continual interest to scientists in combating neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). Flavonoids are being studied for their biological and pharmacological effects, particularly as antioxidants, anti-inflammatory agents, anti-apoptotic, and autophagy regulators. Quercetin is one of the most well-known flavonols known for its preventative and therapeutic properties. It is a naturally occurring bioactive flavonoid that has recently received a lot of attention for its beneficial effects on NDDs. Several preclinical evidence demonstrated its neuroprotective effects. In this systematic review, we aimed at providing the biological activities of quercetin and related derivatives against SCI. Detailed neuroprotective mechanisms of quercetin derivatives are also highlighted in combating SCI.
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Chen HY, Chiang YF, Hong YH, Shieh TM, Huang TC, Ali M, Chang HY, Wang KL, Hsia SM. Quercetin Ameliorates Renal Injury and Pyroptosis in Lupus Nephritis through Inhibiting IL-33/ST2 Pathway In Vitro and In Vivo. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2238. [PMID: 36421424 PMCID: PMC9687047 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Lupus nephritis (LN) is a common and serious symptom in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Tubular interstitial fibrosis is a common underlying mechanism in the development of lupus nephritis to end-stage renal failure (ESRD). Quercetin is widely proven to prevent tissue fibrosis. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the beneficial effects of quercetin on the inhibition of fibrosis and inflammation pathways in in vitro and in vivo lupus nephritis models. In the current study, MRL/lpr mice as animal models, and HK-2 human renal tubular epithelial cells were stimulated by interleukin-33 (IL-33) to mimic the cellular model of lupus nephritis. Immunohistochemical staining, immunoblotting assay, immunofluorescence staining, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay were used. The in vivo results showed that quercetin improved the renal function and inhibited both fibrosis- and inflammation-related markers in MRL/lpr mice animal models. The in vitro results indicated that quercetin ameliorated the accumulation of fibrosis- and inflammation-related proteins in IL-33-induced HK-2 cells and improved renal cell pyroptosis via the IL33/ST2 pathway. Overall, quercetin can improve LN-related renal fibrosis and inflammation, which may offer an effective potential therapeutic strategy for lupus nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yuan Chen
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fen Chiang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Yong-Han Hong
- Graduate Programs of Nutrition Science, School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106209, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Ming Shieh
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Tsui-Chin Huang
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Mohamed Ali
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Hsin-Yi Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Lee Wang
- Department of Nursing, Ching Kuo Institute of Management and Health, Keelung 20301, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Min Hsia
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- School of Food and Safety, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Digestive Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
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Polyphenols as Potent Epigenetics Agents for Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911712. [PMID: 36233012 PMCID: PMC9570183 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human diseases such as cancer can be caused by aberrant epigenetic regulation. Polyphenols play a major role in mammalian epigenome regulation through mechanisms and proteins that remodel chromatin. In fruits, seeds, and vegetables, as well as food supplements, polyphenols are found. Compounds such as these ones are powerful anticancer agents and antioxidants. Gallic acid, kaempferol, curcumin, quercetin, and resveratrol, among others, have potent anti-tumor effects by helping reverse epigenetic changes associated with oncogene activation and tumor suppressor gene inactivation. The role dietary polyphenols plays in restoring epigenetic alterations in cancer cells with a particular focus on DNA methylation and histone modifications was summarized. We also discussed how these natural compounds modulate gene expression at the epigenetic level and described their molecular targets in cancer. It highlights the potential of polyphenols as an alternative therapeutic approach in cancer since they modulate epigenetic activity.
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Zheng Y, Li R, Fan X. Targeting Oxidative Stress in Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Prospects of the Natural Products Approach. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091811. [PMID: 36139885 PMCID: PMC9495708 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), the second most common subtype of stroke, remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The pathological mechanism of ICH is very complex, and it has been demonstrated that oxidative stress (OS) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ICH. Previous studies have shown that OS is a therapeutic target after ICH, and antioxidants have also achieved some benefits in the treatment of ICH. This review aimed to explore the promise of natural products therapy to target OS in ICH. We searched PubMed using the keywords “oxidative stress in intracerebral hemorrhage” and “natural products in intracerebral hemorrhage”. Numerous animal and cell studies on ICH have demonstrated the potent antioxidant properties of natural products, including polyphenols and phenolic compounds, terpenoids, alkaloids, etc. In summary, natural products such as antioxidants offer the possibility of treatment of OS after ICH. However, researchers still have a long way to go to apply these natural products for the treatment of ICH more widely in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xiang Fan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0571-8661-0596
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21
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Grumixama (Eugenia brasiliensis Lamarck) functional phytochemicals: Effect of environmental conditions and ripening process. Food Res Int 2022; 157:111460. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Sirše M. Effect of Dietary Polyphenols on Osteoarthritis—Molecular Mechanisms. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12030436. [PMID: 35330187 PMCID: PMC8955436 DOI: 10.3390/life12030436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a common crippling and degenerative disease resulting in irreversible functional changes due to damage of the cartilage and other tissues of the joint. With limited safe and effective pharmaceutical treatments, the demand and use for alternative therapeutic approaches with symptomatic relief for OA patients have increased. Clinical, pre-clinical, and in vitro studies have demonstrated that polyphenols can exert pain-relieving symptoms coupled with increased functional capacity in OA models. This review will highlight studies carried out in the last five years to define the efficacies and underlying mechanisms in polyphenols such as quercetin, resveratrol, curcumin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, rosmarinic acid, genistein, ginger, berries, silver fir, pine bark, and Boswellia. Most of these studies indicate that polyphenols exhibit their beneficial roles through regulating changes at the biochemical and molecular levels, inducing or inhibiting various signaling pathways related to inflammation and oxidative stress. Polyphenols have also been implicated in modulating microRNA at the posttranscriptional level to counteract OA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateja Sirše
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska Street 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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