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Zhou X, Tao XL, Zhang L, Yang QK, Li ZJ, Dai L, Lei Y, Zhu G, Wu ZF, Yang H, Shen KF, Xu CM, Liang P, Zheng X. Association between cardiometabolic index and depression: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014. J Affect Disord 2024; 351:939-947. [PMID: 38341157 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence suggests a common pathophysiological basis for metabolic disorders and mental diseases. Despite the existence of reports suggesting a strong connection between dyslipidemia and depression, a comprehensive and reliable indicator to identify depression is still lacking. Cardiometabolic index (CMI) is an integrated index calculated from three vital metabolic indicators, including triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) and waist height ratio (WHtR). OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the association between CMI and depression. METHODS Cross-sectional data of participants with complete information of CMI, depression, and other covariates were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Weighted student's t-test and Chi-square test were used to identify the differences between two groups. Weighted multivariate logistic regression model, restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression analysis, subgroup analysis and interaction tests were conducted to explore the association between CMI and depression. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis and area under the curve (AUC) were also utilized to evaluate the performance of CMI in identifying depression. RESULTS A positive correlation between CMI and depression was observed in 3794 participants included in the study, which was further confirmed to be non-linear via RCS regression analysis, with two significant inflection points being identified, including 0.9522 and 1.58. In the crude or adjusted models, individuals with a CMI level ≥ 0.9522 exhibited remarkably increased risk for developing depression. CMI got an AUC of 0.748 in identifying depression. Subgroup analyses and interaction tests indicate that the association between CMI and depression remained consistent across different subgroups and was not modified by other covariates except drinking. Those who are current drinkers and with a high CMI are more susceptible to suffer depression. CONCLUSIONS An elevated CMI is linked to increased risk for depression. Addressing dyslipidemia and improving lipid levels may potentially lower the risk for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Epilepsy Research Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China; Cadet Brigade 4, College of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiao-Liang Tao
- National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Epilepsy Research Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China; Department of neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics. No.136 of Zhong shan Second Road, Yu zhong District, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Qian-Kun Yang
- National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zi-Jiao Li
- Cadet Brigade 4, College of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Lu Dai
- Chongqing Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Guang yang Bay Laboratory, Chongqing 400064, China
| | - Ya Lei
- Chongqing Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Guang yang Bay Laboratory, Chongqing 400064, China
| | - Gang Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Epilepsy Research Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Zhi-Feng Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Epilepsy Research Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China; Chongqing Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Guang yang Bay Laboratory, Chongqing 400064, China
| | - Kai-Feng Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Epilepsy Research Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Chun-Mei Xu
- Department of Neurology, the Second People's Hospital of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, China
| | - Ping Liang
- Department of neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics. No.136 of Zhong shan Second Road, Yu zhong District, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Epilepsy Research Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China.
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Wood AC, Momin SR, Senn MK, Bridgett DJ. Context Matters: Preliminary Evidence That the Association between Positive Affect and Adiposity in Infancy Varies in Social vs. Non-Social Situations. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14122391. [PMID: 35745120 PMCID: PMC9227739 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that infants high in negative affect have higher levels of adiposity, arising in part via changes in nutrition (e.g., “feeding to soothe”). Few studies have examined whether positive affect shows similar or inverse associations with adiposity. The current study examined cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between adiposity and observations of positive affect in both a social and a non-social context, using data from infants at four (n = 125) and 12 (n = 80) months of age. Our analyses did not find any cross-sectional associations between positive affect and adiposity (all p > 0.05). However, in the longitudinal analyses, positive affect in a non-social context, when observed at four months of age, was positively associated with weight-for-length at 12 months of age (zWFL; ß = 1.49, SE = 0.67, p = 0.03), while positive affect observed at four months of age in a social context was inversely associated with body fat percentage at 12 months of age (ß = −11.41, SE = 5.44, p = 0.04). These findings provide preliminary evidence that the p positive affect is related to adiposity in infancy and suggest that the direction of association (i.e., direct or inverse) may be specific to the context in which positive affect is measured. Future research should examine the role of nutritional status in any relationships between adiposity and emotion at this early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis C. Wood
- USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center, 1100 Bates Avenue, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.R.M.); (M.K.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +713-798-7055
| | - Shabnam R. Momin
- USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center, 1100 Bates Avenue, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.R.M.); (M.K.S.)
| | - MacKenzie K. Senn
- USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center, 1100 Bates Avenue, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.R.M.); (M.K.S.)
| | - David J. Bridgett
- Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA;
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Cerrone LA, Caranti DA, Fidalgo JP, Sanches RB, Nascimento MA, Astride RR, Poli VF, de Campos CE, Oyama LM, Yi LC, Dâmaso AR, Teixeira CV, Gomes RJ. Thirty-two weeks of randomized interdisciplinary therapy or combined physical training promote similar improvements in anthropometric and biochemical parameters of obese women. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2020; 60:903-911. [PMID: 32118387 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.20.10036-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a multicausal illness that generates large expenses to health systems and also for the families of obese individuals. It is important to note that obesity disrupts all systems, generating metabolic consequences that may be irreversible. Interdisciplinary therapy is recommended as the primary method for treating obesity. However, the cost of interdisciplinary treatment can be high due to the need for various professionals, from different areas of expertise. This study compares the effects of 32 weeks of physical training combined with interdisciplinary therapy on anthropometric and biochemical parameters in obese women. METHODS Seventy-six subjects were randomized into two groups: Group Physical Exercise (EXE) and Group Interdisciplinary Treatment (INTER), being evaluated in the initial moment and after 32 weeks. 30 subjects completed the intervention and were evaluated (EXE: N.=13; INTER: N.=17). RESULTS Psychobiological and biochemical variables were measured. EXE and INTER were similar before treatment and both showed significantly improvements in anthropometric and biochemical parameters after interventions, without difference between groups. CONCLUSIONS The results confirmed the relevant role of physical training or the interdisciplinary therapy on metabolic profile of obese women. We realized that physical training can be incorporated into public or private health systems as an alternative strategy for obesity control, especially in locations that do not have the possibility of offering a complete interdisciplinary therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia A Cerrone
- Obesity Study Group, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brazil -
| | - Danielle A Caranti
- Obesity Study Group, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - João P Fidalgo
- Obesity Study Group, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo B Sanches
- Obesity Study Group, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brazil
- State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Renata R Astride
- Obesity Study Group, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanessa F Poli
- Obesity Study Group, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Lila M Oyama
- Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Liu C Yi
- Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana R Dâmaso
- Obesity Study Group, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Cauê V Teixeira
- Obesity Study Group, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo J Gomes
- Obesity Study Group, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brazil
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Park HY, Kim S, Kim Y, Park S, Nam SS. Effects of exercise training at lactate threshold and detraining for 12 weeks on body composition, aerobic performance, and stress related variables in obese women. J Exerc Nutrition Biochem 2019; 23:22-28. [PMID: 31743978 PMCID: PMC6823647 DOI: 10.20463/jenb.2019.0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Favieri F, Forte G, Casagrande M. The Executive Functions in Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Review of Neuropsychological Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Studies. Front Psychol 2019; 10:2126. [PMID: 31616340 PMCID: PMC6764464 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The increasing incidence of people affected by overweight or obesity is a significant health problem. The knowledge of the factors which influences the inappropriate eating behaviors causing excessive body fat is an essential goal for the research. Overweight and obesity are significant risk factors for many health diseases, such as cardiovascular problems, diabetes. Recently, many studies have focused on the relationship between body weight and cognitive processes. Objectives: This systematic review is aimed to investigate the existence and the nature of the relationship between excessive body weight (overweight/obesity) and executive functions, analyzing cross-sectional, and longitudinal studies in order to verify the evidence of a possible causality between these variables. Methods: The review was carried out according to the PRISMA-Statement, through systematic searches in the scientific databases PubMed, Medline, PsychInfo, and PsycArticles. The studies selected examined performance on executive tasks by participants with overweight or obesity, aged between 5 and 70 years. Studies examining eating disorders or obesity resulting from other medical problems were excluded. Furthermore, the results of studies using a cross-sectional design and those using a longitudinal one were separately investigated. Results: Sixty-three cross-sectional studies and twenty-eight longitudinal studies that met our inclusion and exclusion criteria were analyzed. The results confirmed the presence of a relation between executive functions and overweight/obesity, although the directionality of this relation was not clear; nor did any single executive function emerge as being more involved than others in this relation. Despite this, there was evidence of a reciprocal influence between executive functions and overweight/obesity. Conclusions: This systematic review underlines the presence of a relationship between executive functions and overweight/obesity. Moreover, it seems to suggest a bidirectional trend in this relationship that could be the cause of the failure of interventions for weight reduction. The results of this review highlight the importance of a theoretical model able to consider all the main variables of interest, with the aim to structuring integrated approaches to solve the overweight/obesity problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Favieri
- Department of Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Forte
- Department of Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Casagrande
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Associations of Cognitive Function with BMI, Body Fat Mass and Visceral Fat in Young Adulthood. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55060221. [PMID: 31142005 PMCID: PMC6631832 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55060221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Existing studies concerning the associations of cognitive function with adiposity in young adults are sparse. The purpose of the study was to examine the associations of adiposity with cognitive control in young adults. Materials and Methods: Participants were 213 young adults (98 women and 115 men). Cognitive control was measured using a modified task-switching paradigm. Anthropometrics were measured by standardized procedures. Body fat mass and visceral fat area were measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Results: The results showed that increased body mass index (BMI, p = 0.02), body fat percentage (p = 0.02), and visceral fat area (p = 0.01) were significantly correlated with larger global switch costs of accuracy in women. In men, high levels of body fat percentage (p = 0.01) and visceral fat area (p = 0.03) were significantly correlated with larger local switch costs of reaction time. Conclusions: The results indicated that elevated adiposity was associated with worse performance on measures of cognitive control in young adults.
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Galioto R, Britton K, Bond DS, Gunstad J, Pera V, Rathier L, Tremont G. Executive functions are associated with weight loss during participation in a medically supervised weight loss program. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Depressive symptoms and poorer performance on the Stroop Task are associated with weight gain. Physiol Behav 2018; 186:25-30. [PMID: 29326031 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Executive function impairments and depression are associated with obesity but whether they predict weight gain is unclear. METHODS Forty-six individuals (35m, 37±10y) completed the Stroop Task, Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), Wisconsin Card Sorting Task (WCST), Inventory for Depressive Symptomatology (IDS-SR), Physical Anhedonia Scale (PAS), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Body composition (DXA) and fasting glucose were also measured. Data from return visits were used to assess changes in weight. RESULTS Poorer Stroop and WCST performance associated with higher BMI whereas poorer IGT and WCST performance associated with higher body fat (%; all p's≤0.05). Stroop interference (p=0.04; p=0.05) and IDS-SR (p=0.06; p=0.02) associated with increased BMI and weight gain (%/yr). In a multivariate linear model Stroop interference (β=0.40, p<0.01; β=0.35, p<0.01) and IDS-SR (β=0.38, p<0.01; β=0.37, p<0.01) independently predicted increased BMI and weight gain (%/yr) even after controlling for baseline weight and glucose levels. CONCLUSIONS Poorer response inhibition and depressive symptoms, but not glucose levels, predicted weight gain. Evaluating neurocognitive and mood deficits could improve current treatment strategies for weight loss. Clinical Trial Registration Numbers NCT00523627, NCT00342732, NCT01224704. clinicaltrials.gov.
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Eneva KT, Arlt JM, Yiu A, Murray SM, Chen EY. Assessment of executive functioning in binge-eating disorder independent of weight status. Int J Eat Disord 2017; 50. [PMID: 28644541 PMCID: PMC5672821 DOI: 10.1002/eat.22738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Executive functioning (EF) problems may serve as vulnerability or maintenance factors for Binge-Eating Disorder (BED). However, it is unclear if EF problems observed in BED are related to overweight status or BED status. The current study extends this literature by examining EF in overweight and normal-weight BED compared to weight-matched controls. METHOD Participants were normal-weight women with BED (n = 23), overweight BED (n = 32), overweight healthy controls (n = 48), and normal-weight healthy controls (n = 29). The EF battery utilized tests from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Toolbox and Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS). RESULTS After controlling for years of education and minority status, overweight individuals performed more poorly than normal-weight individuals on a task of cognitive flexibility requiring generativity (p < .01), and speed on psychomotor performance tasks (p = .01). Normal-weight and overweight BED performed worse on working memory tasks compared to controls (p = .04). Unexpectedly, normal-weight BED individuals out-performed all other groups on an inhibitory control task (p < .01). No significant differences were found between the four groups on tasks of planning. DISCUSSION Regardless of weight status, BED is associated with working memory problems. Replication of the finding that normal-weight BED is associated with enhanced inhibitory control is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalina T. Eneva
- Temple Eating Disorders program, Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 North 13 Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122
| | - Jean M. Arlt
- Temple Eating Disorders program, Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 North 13 Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122
| | - Angelina Yiu
- Temple Eating Disorders program, Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 North 13 Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122
| | - Susan M. Murray
- Temple Eating Disorders program, Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 North 13 Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122
| | - Eunice Y. Chen
- Temple Eating Disorders program, Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 North 13 Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122
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Kwon HN, Nam SS, Park YK. Effect on 12-week Intensive Dietary and Exercise Program on Weight Reduction and Maintenance in Obese Women with Weight Cycling History. Clin Nutr Res 2017; 6:183-197. [PMID: 28770181 PMCID: PMC5539212 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2017.6.3.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effect of 12-week intensive dietary and exercise intervention program on body composition and stress-related hormones in obese women and to examine the residual effect after the intervention. The participants of this study were 30 obese women who had a body mass index of over 25 kg/m2 and over 30% in body fat. They were classified into 2 groups depending on the history of weight cycling (WC); the WC group (≥ ±5% of the original body weight) and the non-weight cycling (NWC) group. Both groups were subject to a nutritional intervention program every 2 weeks with a mandatory exercise intervention for 12 weeks. Thereafter, the nutrition/exercise interventions were ceased for 12 weeks, after which the participants' levels of the hormones relating to energy metabolism and stress, meal intakes, dietary habits, level of knowledge on sodium intake, frequency of sodium intake, and quality of life (QOL) were checked. The changes of body weight were 71.3 ± 5.5 kg (week 0) vs. 65.0 ± 6.6 kg (week 12) vs. 65.6 ± 7.1 kg (week 24) in WC group and 71.6 ± 8.6 kg (week 0) vs. 68.8 ± 9.7 kg (week 12) vs. 70.3 ± 9.4 kg (week 24) in the NWC group. The levels of hormones, meal intakes, and QOL scores were better in the WC group, as adherence to the nutritional intervention was higher. We suggest that that adherence to dietary habits heavily influences weight loss and maintenance in individuals who frequently attempt to lose weight and consequently go through a vicious cycle of weight recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Nui Kwon
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea
| | - Sang-Seok Nam
- Department of Sports Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea
| | - Yoo Kyoung Park
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea
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