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Bayraktaroglu E, Hizli-Guldemir H, Eti S, Kayali-Sevim M, Saleki N. The relationship between perceived stress and emotional eating in bus drivers: the effect of shift work. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2024; 75:707-716. [PMID: 39193653 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2024.2395818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
This study discusses the relationship between perceived stress and emotional eating based on shiftwork in city bus drivers. It was conducted with 1403 male city bus drivers working in Istanbul. Questions about the drivers' physical activity and dietary habits, the Healthy Diet Index (HDI), Emotional Appetite Questionnaire and Perceived Stress Scale-10 data were collected and evaluated in two groups: shift and non-shift employees. It was found that the shift workers (SWs) have lower perceived stress, physical activity, HDI and positive emotional appetite averages. In addition, for SWs, a positive correlation was found between negative emotional appetite scores and physical activity and HDI scores. In conclusion, the drivers working in shifts were found to be slightly overweight and had lower physical activity levels, had lower HDI scores, and their nutritional status was more negatively impacted than their counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Bayraktaroglu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Istanbul Medipol University College of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hilal Hizli-Guldemir
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Serkan Eti
- Department of Computer Programming, Istanbul Medipol University IMU Vocational School, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Neda Saleki
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Chen M, Tan DS, Wang X, Ye Z, Xie Z, Zhang D, Wu D, Zhao Y, Qu Y, Jiang Y. Exploring the Causal Association between Morning Diurnal Preference and Psychiatric Disorders: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Analysis. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:1225. [PMID: 39459525 DOI: 10.3390/life14101225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2024] [Revised: 09/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The causal connection between morning diurnal preference and psychiatric disorders remains enigmatic. Using bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR), we aim to explore the potential causal associations between morning diurnal preference and seven prominent psychiatric disorders. METHODS MR is a genetic epidemiological method that leverages genetic variants as instrumental variables to infer causal associations between exposures and outcomes. We obtained morning diurnal preference data from genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets and identified 252,287 individuals as morning people. Psychiatric disorder data were sourced from the FinnGen consortium R9 dataset. Our primary analysis used the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) approach to evaluate the overall causal effect by combining the estimates from each genetic variant. Addition analyses, including weighted median, MR-Egger regression, weighted mode, and simple mode techniques were conducted to ensure robustness. RESULTS Being a morning person is related to reduced odds of multiple psychiatric disorders, including depression or dysthymia (OR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.88, 0.999), anxiety disorders (OR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.84, 0.96), self-harming behaviors (OR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.76, 0.99), substance-use disorders (OR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.71, 0.93), alcohol dependence (OR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.73, 0.92), alcohol use disorders (OR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.76, 0.94), acute alcohol intoxication (OR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.76, 0.96), schizophrenia (OR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.65, 0.92), and schizophrenia or delusion (OR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.70, 0.92). Alcohol dependence (OR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.94, 0.999) and alcohol use disorders (OR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.94, 0.99) were also related to a lower morning diurnal preference. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides evidence that being a morning person is a protective factor for various psychiatric disorders from a genetic perspective. The results provide insights for potential targeted interventions to improve mental wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manman Chen
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Din-Son Tan
- Vanke School of Public Health & Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xijie Wang
- Vanke School of Public Health & Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zichen Ye
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Zhilan Xie
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Daqian Zhang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Dandan Wu
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yuankai Zhao
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yimin Qu
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
- School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
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Kim JA, Kim MJ, Park YS, Kim JH, Choi CY. Melatonin injection and red light irradiation affect the antioxidant response and cell damage in disk abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) exposed to high water temperatures. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY. PART A, ECOLOGICAL AND INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 341:487-498. [PMID: 38390697 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The effects of red light-emitting diode (LED) light irradiation (630 nm, 0.5 W/m2) and melatonin (10-8 and 10-7 M) on oxidative stress and physiological responses in abalones exposed to high temperatures (28°C) were investigated. Changes in messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions of melatonin receptor (MT-R), heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), and antioxidant enzymes, as well as alterations in H2O2 levels in the hemolymph, were examined. The results revealed that high-temperature-stressed abalones treated with melatonin injections or exposed to red LED light showed a significant increase in MT-R mRNA expression, while HSP70 mRNA expression decreased. Notably, HSP70 mRNA expression levels in the red LED light-irradiated group were similar to those in the group injected with 10-8 M melatonin after 24 h exposure. Abalones treated with melatonin at 20°C or irradiated with red LED light exhibited decreased H2O2 levels and reduced antioxidant enzyme mRNA expression compared with those of the control group. However, the high-temperature environment induced oxidative stress in abalones, leading to increased antioxidant enzyme mRNA expression compared with that under 20°C conditions. Moreover, abalones exposed to high-temperature stress exhibited hepatopancreatic DNA damage, which was attenuated by melatonin treatment or red LED light irradiation. Hence, red LED light reduces oxidative stress, boosts antioxidant enzymes, and alleviates DNA damage in high-temperature-stressed abalones, akin to 10-8 M melatonin treatment. Therefore, considering the practical challenges of continuous melatonin administration to abalones, utilizing red LED light emerges as a practical, effective alternative to protect abalones from oxidative stress compared to 10-8 M melatonin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin A Kim
- Department of Convergence Study on the Ocean Science and Technology, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, Korea
| | - Min Ju Kim
- Division of Marine BioScience, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, Korea
| | - Young-Su Park
- Department of Nursing, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan, Korea
| | - Jun-Hwan Kim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Cheol Young Choi
- Department of Convergence Study on the Ocean Science and Technology, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, Korea
- Division of Marine BioScience, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, Korea
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Xie L, Wu H, Shi W, Zhang J, Huang X, Yu T. Melatonin Exerts an Anti-Panoptoic Role in Spinal Cord Ischemia-Reperfusion Injured Rats. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024; 8:e2300424. [PMID: 37786299 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Paraplegia is a serious consequence of spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion (SCIR) injury, which leads to neuron death and permanent loss of motor function. However, there is no effective treatment for SCIR. Melatonin exerts a neuroprotective effect in neurodegenerative diseases. However, whether pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis (PANoptosis) is the primary cause of the massive neural death in SCIR is unknown, and if melatonin exhibits anti-PANoptotic effect in rescuing the disastrous damage is to be decided. This study indicates that melatonin confers neuroprotection in SCIR, attenuating the loss of Nissl body and improving Basso, Beattie & Bresnahan locomotor rating scale scores. Specifically, the apoptotic hallmarks in neurons are increased in SCIR injured spinal cord compared to the sham group. The upregulated trend is reversed by melatonin while the effect of melatonin is abolished by the administration of luzindole, a selective melatonin receptor antagonist. Moreover, similar patterns are found in the necroptotic markers in neurons, the pyroptotic indicators, and the interleukin-1β staining in microglia. In conclusion, PANoptosis may underlie the mass neural death and paraplegia in SCIR, and melatonin confers neuroprotection to the spinal cord via inhibiting PANoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xie
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Hang Wu
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Weipeng Shi
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xiaohong Huang
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Shandong Institute of Traumatic Orthopedics, Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Tengbo Yu
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, 266071, China
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Samizadeh MA, Fallah H, Toomarisahzabi M, Rezaei F, Rahimi-Danesh M, Akhondzadeh S, Vaseghi S. Parkinson's Disease: A Narrative Review on Potential Molecular Mechanisms of Sleep Disturbances, REM Behavior Disorder, and Melatonin. Brain Sci 2023; 13:914. [PMID: 37371392 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13060914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases. There is a wide range of sleep disturbances in patients with PD, such as insomnia and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (or REM behavior disorder (RBD)). RBD is a sleep disorder in which a patient acts out his/her dreams and includes abnormal behaviors during the REM phase of sleep. On the other hand, melatonin is the principal hormone that is secreted by the pineal gland and significantly modulates the circadian clock and mood state. Furthermore, melatonin has a wide range of regulatory effects and is a safe treatment for sleep disturbances such as RBD in PD. However, the molecular mechanisms of melatonin involved in the treatment or control of RBD are unknown. In this study, we reviewed the pathophysiology of PD and sleep disturbances, including RBD. We also discussed the potential molecular mechanisms of melatonin involved in its therapeutic effect. It was concluded that disruption of crucial neurotransmitter systems that mediate sleep, including norepinephrine, serotonin, dopamine, and GABA, and important neurotransmitter systems that mediate the REM phase, including acetylcholine, serotonin, and norepinephrine, are significantly involved in the induction of sleep disturbances, including RBD in PD. It was also concluded that accumulation of α-synuclein in sleep-related brain regions can disrupt sleep processes and the circadian rhythm. We suggested that new treatment strategies for sleep disturbances in PD may focus on the modulation of α-synuclein aggregation or expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Ali Samizadeh
- Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj 3365166571, Iran
| | - Hamed Fallah
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417935840, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Toomarisahzabi
- Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj 3365166571, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Rezaei
- Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj 3365166571, Iran
| | - Mehrsa Rahimi-Danesh
- Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj 3365166571, Iran
| | - Shahin Akhondzadeh
- Psychiatric Research Center, Roozbeh Psychiatric Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 13337159140, Iran
| | - Salar Vaseghi
- Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj 3365166571, Iran
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Potes Y, Cachán-Vega C, Antuña E, García-González C, Menéndez-Coto N, Boga JA, Gutiérrez-Rodríguez J, Bermúdez M, Sierra V, Vega-Naredo I, Coto-Montes A, Caballero B. Benefits of the Neurogenic Potential of Melatonin for Treating Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054803. [PMID: 36902233 PMCID: PMC10002978 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There are several neurological diseases under which processes related to adult brain neurogenesis, such cell proliferation, neural differentiation and neuronal maturation, are affected. Melatonin can exert a relevant benefit for treating neurological disorders, given its well-known antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties as well as its pro-survival effects. In addition, melatonin is able to modulate cell proliferation and neural differentiation processes in neural stem/progenitor cells while improving neuronal maturation of neural precursor cells and newly created postmitotic neurons. Thus, melatonin shows relevant pro-neurogenic properties that may have benefits for neurological conditions associated with impairments in adult brain neurogenesis. For instance, the anti-aging properties of melatonin seem to be linked to its neurogenic properties. Modulation of neurogenesis by melatonin is beneficial under conditions of stress, anxiety and depression as well as for the ischemic brain or after a brain stroke. Pro-neurogenic actions of melatonin may also be beneficial for treating dementias, after a traumatic brain injury, and under conditions of epilepsy, schizophrenia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Melatonin may represent a pro-neurogenic treatment effective for retarding the progression of neuropathology associated with Down syndrome. Finally, more studies are necessary to elucidate the benefits of melatonin treatments under brain disorders related to impairments in glucose and insulin homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaiza Potes
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Correspondence: (Y.P.); (B.C.); Tel.: +34-985102767 (Y.P.); +34-985102784 (B.C.)
| | - Cristina Cachán-Vega
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Eduardo Antuña
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Claudia García-González
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Nerea Menéndez-Coto
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Jose Antonio Boga
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - José Gutiérrez-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Manuel Bermúdez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Verónica Sierra
- Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario (SERIDA), 33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
| | - Ignacio Vega-Naredo
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Ana Coto-Montes
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Beatriz Caballero
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Correspondence: (Y.P.); (B.C.); Tel.: +34-985102767 (Y.P.); +34-985102784 (B.C.)
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Anderson G. Depression Pathophysiology: Astrocyte Mitochondrial Melatonergic Pathway as Crucial Hub. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010350. [PMID: 36613794 PMCID: PMC9820523 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is widely accepted as having a heterogenous pathophysiology involving a complex mixture of systemic and CNS processes. A developmental etiology coupled to genetic and epigenetic risk factors as well as lifestyle and social process influences add further to the complexity. Consequently, antidepressant treatment is generally regarded as open to improvement, undoubtedly as a consequence of inappropriately targeted pathophysiological processes. This article reviews the diverse array of pathophysiological processes linked to MDD, and integrates these within a perspective that emphasizes alterations in mitochondrial function, both centrally and systemically. It is proposed that the long-standing association of MDD with suppressed serotonin availability is reflective of the role of serotonin as a precursor for the mitochondrial melatonergic pathway. Astrocytes, and the astrocyte mitochondrial melatonergic pathway, are highlighted as crucial hubs in the integration of the wide array of biological underpinnings of MDD, including gut dysbiosis and permeability, as well as developmental and social stressors, which can act to suppress the capacity of mitochondria to upregulate the melatonergic pathway, with consequences for oxidant-induced changes in patterned microRNAs and subsequent patterned gene responses. This is placed within a development context, including how social processes, such as discrimination, can physiologically regulate a susceptibility to MDD. Future research directions and treatment implications are derived from this.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Anderson
- CRC Scotland & London, Eccleston Square, London SW1V 1PX, UK
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Repova K, Baka T, Krajcirovicova K, Stanko P, Aziriova S, Reiter RJ, Simko F. Melatonin as a Potential Approach to Anxiety Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416187. [PMID: 36555831 PMCID: PMC9788115 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Anxiety disorders are the most common mental diseases. Anxiety and the associated physical symptoms may disturb social and occupational life and increase the risk of somatic diseases. The pathophysiology of anxiety development is complex and involves alterations in stress hormone production, neurosignaling pathways or free radical production. The various manifestations of anxiety, its complex pathophysiological background and the side effects of available treatments underlie the quest for constantly seeking therapies for these conditions. Melatonin, an indolamine produced in the pineal gland and released into the blood on a nightly basis, has been demonstrated to exert anxiolytic action in animal experiments and different clinical conditions. This hormone influences a number of physiological actions either via specific melatonin receptors or by receptor-independent pleiotropic effects. The underlying pathomechanism of melatonin's benefit in anxiety may reside in its sympatholytic action, interaction with the renin-angiotensin and glucocorticoid systems, modulation of interneuronal signaling and its extraordinary antioxidant and radical scavenging nature. Of importance, the concentration of this indolamine is significantly higher in cerebrospinal fluid than in the blood. Thus, ensuring sufficient melatonin production by reducing light pollution, which suppresses melatonin levels, may represent an endogenous neuroprotective and anxiolytic treatment. Since melatonin is freely available, economically undemanding and has limited side effects, it may be considered an additional or alternative treatment for various conditions associated with anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Repova
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Tomas Baka
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Kristina Krajcirovicova
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Stanko
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Silvia Aziriova
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Fedor Simko
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 83305 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +421-(0)2-59357276
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Essential Oils and Melatonin as Functional Ingredients in Dogs. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12162089. [PMID: 36009679 PMCID: PMC9405278 DOI: 10.3390/ani12162089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Phytogenics are plant-based compounds with beneficial actions in feed technology and/or animal health. These so-called plant secondary metabolites are very diverse and with wide possible applications in humans and animals. Among them, essential oils (EOs) are the most used in feed for livestock and pets. Lately, melatonin has acquired new and interesting applications in dogs. Recent studies using EOs and/or melatonin in dog feeding and their involvement in health aspects are presented. Abstract The use of nutraceuticals or functional ingredients is increasingly widespread in human food; their use is also widespread in animal feed. These natural compounds generally come from plant materials and comprise a wide range of substances of a very diverse chemical nature. In animals, these compounds, so-called phytogenics, are used to obtain improvements in feed production/stability and also as functional components with repercussions on animal health. Along with polyphenols, isoprenoid compounds represent a family of substances with wide applications in therapy and pet nutrition. Essential oils (EOs) are a group of complex substances with fat-soluble nature that are widely used. Melatonin is an indolic amine present in all living with amphiphilic nature. In this work, we present a review of the most relevant phytogenics (polyphenol, isoprenoid, and alkaloid compounds), their characteristics, and possible uses as nutraceuticals in dogs, with special emphasis on EOs and their regulatory aspects, applied in foods and topically. Additionally, a presentation of the importance of the use of melatonin in dogs is developed, giving physiological and practical aspects about its use in dog feeding and also in topical application, with examples and future projections. This review points to the combination of EOs and melatonin in food supplements and in the topical application as an innovative product and shows excellent perspectives aimed at addressing dysfunctions in pets, such as the treatment of stress and anxiety, sleep disorders, alopecia, and hair growth problems, among others.
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10
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Relationship between chronotype and depressive symptoms among newly hired hospital nurses in the Republic of Korea. Ann Occup Environ Med 2022; 34:e32. [DOI: 10.35371/aoem.2022.34.e32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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