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Konkel Z, Kubatko L, Slot JC. CLOCI: unveiling cryptic fungal gene clusters with generalized detection. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:e75. [PMID: 39016185 PMCID: PMC11381361 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Gene clusters are genomic loci that contain multiple genes that are functionally and genetically linked. Gene clusters collectively encode diverse functions, including small molecule biosynthesis, nutrient assimilation, metabolite degradation, and production of proteins essential for growth and development. Identifying gene clusters is a powerful tool for small molecule discovery and provides insight into the ecology and evolution of organisms. Current detection algorithms focus on canonical 'core' biosynthetic functions many gene clusters encode, while overlooking uncommon or unknown cluster classes. These overlooked clusters are a potential source of novel natural products and comprise an untold portion of overall gene cluster repertoires. Unbiased, function-agnostic detection algorithms therefore provide an opportunity to reveal novel classes of gene clusters and more precisely define genome organization. We present CLOCI (Co-occurrence Locus and Orthologous Cluster Identifier), an algorithm that identifies gene clusters using multiple proxies of selection for coordinated gene evolution. Our approach generalizes gene cluster detection and gene cluster family circumscription, improves detection of multiple known functional classes, and unveils non-canonical gene clusters. CLOCI is suitable for genome-enabled small molecule mining, and presents an easily tunable approach for delineating gene cluster families and homologous loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Konkel
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Center for Applied Plant Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Laura Kubatko
- Department of Ecology and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Statistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jason C Slot
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Center for Applied Plant Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Hou X, Liu L, Xu D, Lai D, Zhou L. Involvement of LaeA and Velvet Proteins in Regulating the Production of Mycotoxins and Other Fungal Secondary Metabolites. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:561. [PMID: 39194887 DOI: 10.3390/jof10080561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Fungi are rich sources of secondary metabolites of agrochemical, pharmaceutical, and food importance, such as mycotoxins, antibiotics, and antitumor agents. Secondary metabolites play vital roles in fungal pathogenesis, growth and development, oxidative status modulation, and adaptation/resistance to various environmental stresses. LaeA contains an S-adenosylmethionine binding site and displays methyltransferase activity. The members of velvet proteins include VeA, VelB, VelC, VelD and VosA for each member with a velvet domain. LaeA and velvet proteins can form multimeric complexes such as VosA-VelB and VelB-VeA-LaeA. They belong to global regulators and are mainly impacted by light. One of their most important functions is to regulate gene expressions that are responsible for secondary metabolite biosynthesis. The aim of this mini-review is to represent the newest cognition of the biosynthetic regulation of mycotoxins and other fungal secondary metabolites by LaeA and velvet proteins. In most cases, LaeA and velvet proteins positively regulate production of fungal secondary metabolites. The regulated fungal species mainly belong to the toxigenic fungi from the genera of Alternaria, Aspergillus, Botrytis, Fusarium, Magnaporthe, Monascus, and Penicillium for the production of mycotoxins. We can control secondary metabolite production to inhibit the production of harmful mycotoxins while promoting the production of useful metabolites by global regulation of LaeA and velvet proteins in fungi. Furthermore, the regulation by LaeA and velvet proteins should be a practical strategy in activating silent biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) in fungi to obtain previously undiscovered metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuwen Hou
- MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Liyao Liu
- MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dan Xu
- MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Daowan Lai
- MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ligang Zhou
- MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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El Amir D, Sayed AM, El-Hawary SS, Elsakhawy OM, Attia EZ, Abdelmohsen UR, Mohammed R. Metabolomic profiling of Medicago sativa-derived fungal endophytes and evaluation of their biological activities. RSC Adv 2024; 14:14296-14302. [PMID: 38690109 PMCID: PMC11059938 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra00790e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to discover the potential of Medicago sativa-derived fungal endophytes as a prospective source of bioactive metabolites. In the present study, three different strains of fungal endophyte Aspergillus terreus were isolated from leaves L, roots T and stems St of Medicago sativa to explore their biological and chemical diversity. These isolated fungi were exposed to different fermentation conditions by adding various chemical elicitors to their solid fermentation media. According to LC-HRESIMS-based metabolomics and multivariate analysis, each chemical treatment had a different effect on the chemical profiles of the fungi. Orthogonal Projections to Latent Structures Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) proposed several compounds with anticancer action against MCF-7 (a human breast cancer cell line) and MDA-MB-231 (a human epithelial breast cancer cell line).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia El Amir
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University 62514 Beni-Suef Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Collage of Pharmacy, Almaaqal University 61014 Basrah Iraq
| | - Seham S El-Hawary
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University 11936 Cairo Egypt
| | - Omnia M Elsakhawy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University 62514 Beni-Suef Egypt
| | - Eman Zekry Attia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University 61519 Minia Egypt
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University 61519 Minia Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University 61111 New Minia Egypt
| | - Rabab Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University 62514 Beni-Suef Egypt
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Geistodt-Kiener A, Totozafy JC, Le Goff G, Vergne J, Sakai K, Ouazzani J, Mouille G, Viaud M, O'Connell RJ, Dallery JF. Yeast-based heterologous production of the Colletochlorin family of fungal secondary metabolites. Metab Eng 2023; 80:216-231. [PMID: 37863177 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptomic studies have revealed that fungal pathogens of plants activate the expression of numerous biosynthetic gene clusters (BGC) exclusively when in presence of a living host plant. The identification and structural elucidation of the corresponding secondary metabolites remain challenging. The aim was to develop a polycistronic system for heterologous expression of fungal BGCs in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Here we adapted a polycistronic vector for efficient, seamless and cost-effective cloning of biosynthetic genes using in vivo assembly (also called transformation-assisted recombination) directly in Escherichia coli followed by heterologous expression in S. cerevisiae. Two vectors were generated with different auto-inducible yeast promoters and selection markers. The effectiveness of these vectors was validated with fluorescent proteins. As a proof-of-principle, we applied our approach to the Colletochlorin family of molecules. These polyketide secondary metabolites were known from the phytopathogenic fungus Colletotrichum higginsianum but had never been linked to their biosynthetic genes. Considering the requirement for a halogenase, and by applying comparative genomics, we identified a BGC putatively involved in the biosynthesis of Colletochlorins in C. higginsianum. Following the expression of those genes in S. cerevisiae, we could identify the presence of the precursor Orsellinic acid, Colletochlorins and their non-chlorinated counterparts, the Colletorins. In conclusion, the polycistronic vectors described herein were adapted for the host S. cerevisiae and allowed to link the Colletochlorin compound family to their corresponding biosynthetic genes. This system will now enable the production and purification of infection-specific secondary metabolites of fungal phytopathogens. More widely, this system could be applied to any fungal BGC of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jean Chrisologue Totozafy
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Géraldine Le Goff
- Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles ICSN, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Justine Vergne
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, 91120, Palaiseau, France
| | - Kaori Sakai
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, 91120, Palaiseau, France
| | - Jamal Ouazzani
- Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles ICSN, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Grégory Mouille
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Muriel Viaud
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, 91120, Palaiseau, France
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Xue M, Zhao S, Gu G, Xu D, Zhang X, Hou X, Miao J, Dong H, Hu D, Lai D, Zhou L. A Genome-Wide Comparison of Rice False Smut Fungus Villosiclava virens Albino Strain LN02 Reveals the Genetic Diversity of Secondary Metabolites and the Cause of Albinism. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15196. [PMID: 37894876 PMCID: PMC10607355 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice false smut (RFS) caused by Villosiclava virens (anamorph: Ustilaginoidea virens) has become one of the most destructive fungal diseases to decrease the yield and quality of rice grains. An albino strain LN02 was isolated from the white RFS balls collected in the Liaoning Province of China in 2019. The strain LN02 was considered as a natural albino mutant of V. virens by analyzing its phenotypes, internal transcribed spacer (ITS) conserved sequence, and biosynthesis gene clusters (BGCs) for secondary metabolites. The total assembled genome of strain LN02 was 38.81 Mb, which was comprised of seven nuclear chromosomes and one mitochondrial genome with an N50 value of 6,326,845 bp and 9339 protein-encoding genes. In addition, the genome of strain LN02 encoded 19 gene clusters for biosynthesis of secondary metabolites mainly including polyketides, terpenoids and non-ribosomal peptides (NRPs). Four sorbicillinoid metabolites were isolated from the cultures of strain LN02. It was found that the polyketide synthase (PKS)-encoding gene uspks1 for ustilaginoidin biosynthesis in strain LN02 was inactivated due to the deletion of four bases in the promoter sequence of uvpks1. The normal uvpks1 complementary mutant of strain LN02 could restore the ability to synthesize ustilaginoidins. It demonstrated that deficiency of ustilaginoidin biosynthesis is the cause of albinism for RFS albino strain LN02, and V. virens should be a non-melanin-producing fungus. This study further confirmed strain LN02 as a white phenotype mutant of V. virens. The albino strain LN02 will have a great potential in the development and application of secondary metabolites. The physiological and ecological functions of ustilaginoidins in RFS fungus are needed for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Xue
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.X.); (S.Z.); (G.G.); (D.X.); (X.Z.); (X.H.); (D.L.)
| | - Siji Zhao
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.X.); (S.Z.); (G.G.); (D.X.); (X.Z.); (X.H.); (D.L.)
| | - Gan Gu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.X.); (S.Z.); (G.G.); (D.X.); (X.Z.); (X.H.); (D.L.)
| | - Dan Xu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.X.); (S.Z.); (G.G.); (D.X.); (X.Z.); (X.H.); (D.L.)
| | - Xuping Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.X.); (S.Z.); (G.G.); (D.X.); (X.Z.); (X.H.); (D.L.)
| | - Xuwen Hou
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.X.); (S.Z.); (G.G.); (D.X.); (X.Z.); (X.H.); (D.L.)
| | - Jiankun Miao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Science, Shenyang 110161, China; (J.M.); (H.D.)
| | - Hai Dong
- Institute of Plant Protection, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Science, Shenyang 110161, China; (J.M.); (H.D.)
| | - Dongwei Hu
- Biotechnology Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Daowan Lai
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.X.); (S.Z.); (G.G.); (D.X.); (X.Z.); (X.H.); (D.L.)
| | - Ligang Zhou
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.X.); (S.Z.); (G.G.); (D.X.); (X.Z.); (X.H.); (D.L.)
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Zhang S, Xu Q, Ji C, Han X, Zhou Y, Liang C, Ma L, Sun W, Li Y, Yang Z, Zhao F, Tian Y. Study on secondary metabolites of endophytic fungus Diaporthe sp. AC1 induced by tryptophan analogs. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1254609. [PMID: 37876783 PMCID: PMC10591187 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1254609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Small molecule-induced fermentation of the endophytic fungus Diaporthe sp. AC1 originated from Artemisia argyi was executed to investigate its secondary metabolites. It was fermented in a culture medium containing 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), 1-methyl-L-tryptophan (1-MT), and tryptamine (TA), respectively. The antibacterial activities of crude extracts against pathogenic bacteria and pathogenic fungi were determined by using the Oxford cup method, while the cytotoxicity of crude extracts against cancer cells was determined by using the MTT method. The results showed that the secondary metabolites of Diaporthe sp. AC1 induced by 1-MT exhibited optimal antibacterial activity and tumor cytotoxicity. The induction conditions of 1-MT were optimized, and the antibacterial activities and tumor cytotoxicity of crude extracts under different induction conditions were investigated. As indicated, the optimal moment for 1-MT addition was before inoculation and its optimal concentration was 0.25 mM. Under these conditions, Diaporthe sp. AC1 was fermented and approximately 12 g of crude extracts was obtained. The crude extracts were then separated and purified to acquire nine monomer compounds, including three new compounds (1-3) and six known compounds (4-9). The antibacterial activities of the compounds against pathogenic bacteria and pathogenic fungi were investigated by using the microdilution method, while their cytotoxicity against cancer cells was analyzed by using the MTT method. The results demonstrated that Compound 1 exhibited moderate antibacterial activities against Verticillium dahlia, Fusarium graminearum, and Botrytis cinerea, as well as a low inhibitory activity against Listeria monocytogenes. Nevertheless, Compound 1 showed significant cytotoxicity against five cancer cells, with IC50 ranging from 12.26 to 52.52 μM. Compounds 2 and 3 exhibited negligible biological activity, while other compounds showed detectable inhibitory activities against pathogenic bacteria and cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikai Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Science, Key Laboratory for Agriculture Microbiology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Qing Xu
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Science, Key Laboratory for Agriculture Microbiology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Changbo Ji
- College of Life Science, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Xiaoyu Han
- College of Life Science, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- College of Life Science, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Chao Liang
- College of Life Science, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Linran Ma
- College of Life Science, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Weijian Sun
- College of Life Science, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Yanling Li
- College of Life Science, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Zhengyou Yang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Science, Key Laboratory for Agriculture Microbiology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Fengchun Zhao
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Science, Key Laboratory for Agriculture Microbiology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- College of Life Science, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
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Hashem AH, Attia MS, Kandil EK, Fawzi MM, Abdelrahman AS, Khader MS, Khodaira MA, Emam AE, Goma MA, Abdelaziz AM. Bioactive compounds and biomedical applications of endophytic fungi: a recent review. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:107. [PMID: 37280587 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02118-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Human life has been significantly impacted by the creation and spread of novel species of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and virus strains that are difficult to manage. Scientists and researchers have recently been motivated to seek out alternatives and other sources of safe and ecologically friendly active chemicals that have a powerful and effective effect against a wide variety of pathogenic bacteria as a result of all these hazards and problems. In this review, endophytic fungi and their bioactive compounds and biomedical applications were discussed. Endophytes, a new category of microbial source that can produce a variety of biological components, have major values for study and broad prospects for development. Recently, endophytic fungi have received much attention as a source for new bioactive compounds. In addition, the variety of natural active compounds generated by endophytes is due to the close biological relationship between endophytes and their host plants. The bioactive compounds separated from endophytes are usually classified as steroids, xanthones, terpenoids, isocoumarins, phenols, tetralones, benzopyranones and enniatines. Moreover, this review discusses enhancement methods of secondary metabolites production by fungal endophytes which include optimization methods, co-culture method, chemical epigenetic modification and molecular-based approaches. Furthermore, this review deals with different medical applications of bioactive compounds such as antimicrobial, antiviral, antioxidant and anticancer activities in the last 3 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr H Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed S Attia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Esalm K Kandil
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Fawzi
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Abdelrahman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Khader
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Khodaira
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdallah E Emam
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Goma
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amer M Abdelaziz
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Yu W, Pei R, Zhou J, Zeng B, Tu Y, He B. Molecular regulation of fungal secondary metabolism. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:204. [PMID: 37209190 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03649-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Many bioactive secondary metabolites synthesized by fungi have important applications in many fields, such as agriculture, food, medical and others. The biosynthesis of secondary metabolites is a complex process involving a variety of enzymes and transcription factors, which are regulated at different levels. In this review, we describe our current understanding on molecular regulation of fungal secondary metabolite biosynthesis, such as environmental signal regulation, transcriptional regulation and epigenetic regulation. The effects of transcription factors on the secondary metabolites produced by fungi were mainly introduced. It was also discussed that new secondary metabolites could be found in fungi and the production of secondary metabolites could be improved. We also highlight the importance of understanding the molecular regulation mechanisms to activate silent secondary metabolites and uncover their physiological and ecological functions. By comprehensively understanding the regulatory mechanisms involved in secondary metabolite biosynthesis, we can develop strategies to improve the production of these compounds and maximize their potential benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Yu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, Jiangxi, China
| | - Rongqiang Pei
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jingyi Zhou
- Zhanjiang Preschool Education College, Zhanjiang, 524084, Guangdong, China
| | - Bin Zeng
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, Jiangxi, China
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yayi Tu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Bin He
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, Jiangxi, China.
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Ramírez-Villalobos JM, Gomez-Flores R, Velázquez-Flores PV, Morán-Santibáñez KS, Tamez-Guerra P, Pérez-González O, de la Garza-Ramos MA, Rodríguez-Padilla C, Romo-Sáenz CI. Effect of Culture Conditions of Lophocereus marginatus Endophytic Fungi on Yield and Anticancer and Antioxidant Activities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20053948. [PMID: 36900961 PMCID: PMC10001847 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20053948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Culture conditions affect the production of secondary metabolites in endophytic fungi. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the yield and anticancer and antioxidant activity of endophytic fungi extracts from the cactus Lophocereus marginatus, under different culture conditions. The strains Penicillium citrinum, Aspergillus versicolor, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Cladosporium sp. were fermented in different culture media (potato dextrose agar, Czapeck broth, and malt broth), types of inoculums (spore or mycelium), and shaking conditions (150 rpm or static) for one week. Methanol extracts were obtained from mycelia, which was followed by determining their yields and evaluating their effect on L5178Y-R murine lymphoma cells growth and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) viability, using the 3-[4,5dimethylthiazol-2-yl]2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide reduction colorimetric assay. In addition, antioxidant activity was determined by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl test. We determined the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of tumor cell growth inhibition, the selectivity index (SI), and the antioxidant activity, as compared with the healthy cells control. The best yields were obtained with the Czapeck broth medium in all the evaluated strains, reaching values of 50.3%. Of the 48 extracts evaluated, only seven significantly (p < 0.01) inhibited tumor cell growth (IC50 < 250 µg/mL). A. versicolor extract showed the highest anticancer activity, after culturing spores (IC50 = 49.62 µg/mL; SI = 15.8) or mycelium (IC50 = 69.67 µg/mL; SI = 12.2) in malt broth, under static conditions. Extracts did not present significant antioxidant activity. In conclusion, we showed that culture conditions influenced the anticancer activity of L. marginatus endophytic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesica María Ramírez-Villalobos
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Gomez-Flores
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, Mexico
| | - Priscilla Viridiana Velázquez-Flores
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, Mexico
| | - Karla Selene Morán-Santibáñez
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, Mexico
| | - Patricia Tamez-Guerra
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, Mexico
| | - Orquídea Pérez-González
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, Mexico
| | - Myriam Angélica de la Garza-Ramos
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño y Silao S/N, Colonia Mitras Centro, Monterrey 64460, Mexico
| | - Cristina Rodríguez-Padilla
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, Mexico
| | - César Iván Romo-Sáenz
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, Mexico
- Universidad Emiliano Zapata, Avenida Rodrigo Gómez, Sector Heroico S/N, Monterrey 64260, Mexico
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10
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Gan D, Li C, Shu Y, Wang J, Wang C, Zhu L, Yang Y, Liu J, He B, Cai L, Ding Z. Steroids and dihydroisocoumarin glycosides from Xylaria sp. by the one strain many compounds strategy and their bioactivities. Chin J Nat Med 2023; 21:154-160. [PMID: 36871983 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(23)60394-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
The fungus Xylaria sp. KYJ-15 was isolated from Illigera celebica. Based on the one strain many compounds (OSMAC) strategy, the strain was fermented on potato and rice solid media, respectively. As a result, two novel steroids, xylarsteroids A (1) and B (2), which are the first examples of C28-steroid with an unusual β- and γ-lactone ring, respectively, along with two new dihydroisocoumarin glycosides, xylarglycosides A (3) and B (4), were identified. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, X-ray diffraction and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) experiments. All isolated compounds were evaluated for cytotoxicity, DPPH radical scavenging activity, acetylcholinesterase inhibitory and antimicrobial effect. Compound 1 exhibited potent AChE inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 2.61 ± 0.05 μmol·L-1. The β-lactone ring unit of 1 is critical for its AChE inhibitory activity. The finding was further confirmed through exploring the interaction of 1 with AChE by molecular docking. In addition, both compounds 1 and 2 exhibited obvious antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 2 μg·mL-1. Compounds 3 and 4 exhibited antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus with MICs of 4 and 2 μg·mL-1, respectively, which also exhibited DPPH radical scavenging activity comparable to the positive control with IC50 values of 9.2 ± 0.03 and 13.3 ± 0.01 μmol·L-1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Gan
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Chenzhe Li
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Yan Shu
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Jiapeng Wang
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Chengyao Wang
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Yujun Yang
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Bijian He
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Le Cai
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
| | - Zhongtao Ding
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali 671003, China.
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11
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Chiang CY, Ohashi M, Tang Y. Deciphering chemical logic of fungal natural product biosynthesis through heterologous expression and genome mining. Nat Prod Rep 2023; 40:89-127. [PMID: 36125308 PMCID: PMC9906657 DOI: 10.1039/d2np00050d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Covering: 2010 to 2022Heterologous expression of natural product biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) has become a widely used tool for genome mining of cryptic pathways, bottom-up investigation of biosynthetic enzymes, and engineered biosynthesis of new natural product variants. In the field of fungal natural products, heterologous expression of a complete pathway was first demonstrated in the biosynthesis of tenellin in Aspergillus oryzae in 2010. Since then, advances in genome sequencing, DNA synthesis, synthetic biology, etc. have led to mining, assignment, and characterization of many fungal BGCs using various heterologous hosts. In this review, we will highlight key examples in the last decade in integrating heterologous expression into genome mining and biosynthetic investigations. The review will cover the choice of heterologous hosts, prioritization of BGCs for structural novelty, and how shunt products from heterologous expression can reveal important insights into the chemical logic of biosynthesis. The review is not meant to be exhaustive but is rather a collection of examples from researchers in the field, including ours, that demonstrates the usefulness and pitfalls of heterologous biosynthesis in fungal natural product discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yu Chiang
- Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 5531 Boelter Hall, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Masao Ohashi
- Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 5531 Boelter Hall, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Yi Tang
- Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 5531 Boelter Hall, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
- Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 5531 Boelter Hall, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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12
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Lofgren LA, Ross BS, Cramer RA, Stajich JE. The pan-genome of Aspergillus fumigatus provides a high-resolution view of its population structure revealing high levels of lineage-specific diversity driven by recombination. PLoS Biol 2022; 20:e3001890. [PMID: 36395320 PMCID: PMC9714929 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus fumigatus is a deadly agent of human fungal disease where virulence heterogeneity is thought to be at least partially structured by genetic variation between strains. While population genomic analyses based on reference genome alignments offer valuable insights into how gene variants are distributed across populations, these approaches fail to capture intraspecific variation in genes absent from the reference genome. Pan-genomic analyses based on de novo assemblies offer a promising alternative to reference-based genomics with the potential to address the full genetic repertoire of a species. Here, we evaluate 260 genome sequences of A. fumigatus including 62 newly sequenced strains, using a combination of population genomics, phylogenomics, and pan-genomics. Our results offer a high-resolution assessment of population structure and recombination frequency, phylogenetically structured gene presence-absence variation, evidence for metabolic specificity, and the distribution of putative antifungal resistance genes. Although A. fumigatus disperses primarily via asexual conidia, we identified extraordinarily high levels of recombination with the lowest linkage disequilibrium decay value reported for any fungal species to date. We provide evidence for 3 primary populations of A. fumigatus, with recombination occurring only rarely between populations and often within them. These 3 populations are structured by both gene variation and distinct patterns of gene presence-absence with unique suites of accessory genes present exclusively in each clade. Accessory genes displayed functional enrichment for nitrogen and carbohydrate metabolism suggesting that populations may be stratified by environmental niche specialization. Similarly, the distribution of antifungal resistance genes and resistance alleles were often structured by phylogeny. Altogether, the pan-genome of A. fumigatus represents one of the largest fungal pan-genomes reported to date including many genes unrepresented in the Af293 reference genome. These results highlight the inadequacy of relying on a single-reference genome-based approach for evaluating intraspecific variation and the power of combined genomic approaches to elucidate population structure, genetic diversity, and putative ecological drivers of clinically relevant fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotus A. Lofgren
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Brandon S. Ross
- Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - Robert A. Cramer
- Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - Jason E. Stajich
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
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13
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Li SY, Yang XQ, Chen JX, Wu YM, Yang YB, Ding ZT. The induced cryptic metabolites and antifungal activities from culture of Penicillium chrysogenum by supplementing with host Ziziphus jujuba extract. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 203:113391. [PMID: 36007667 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The productions of cryptic metabolites including three undescribed drimane sesquiterpenoids, penicichrins A-C, and three known compounds from Penicillium chrysogenum were activated by the host Ziziphus jujuba medium. The structures were established by comprehensive analysis of spectroscopic data. The spiro β-lactone, and gem-dimethyl dihydroxylation in induced penicichrins A-C were rare in natural products. Cryptic metabolites, monaspurpurone was first found in Penicillium. 4-Methoxy-3-methylgoniothalamin, and 2-hydroxy-l-phenyl-l,4-pentanedione were second example of isolation. Penicichrin A, monaspurpurone, 4-methoxy-3-methylgoniothalamin, physcion, ergosterol, and ergosta-7,22-dien-3β-ol had antifungal activities against phytopathogens, P. chrysogenum, Alternaria alternata and Aspergillus fumigatus with MICs ≤2 μg/mL, and 2-hydroxy-l-phenyl-l,4-pentanedione had flowering activity. So the chemical constituents from Z. jujuba could induce the productions of cryptic metabolites with plant growth-promoting activity from endophyte P. chrysogenum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yu Li
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Xue-Qiong Yang
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Jing-Xin Chen
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Ya-Mei Wu
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Ya-Bin Yang
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China.
| | - Zhong-Tao Ding
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China; College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, 671003, China.
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14
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Wang M, Wu F, Gu Z. Flow cytometric resolution of yeast is affected by enzymatic treatment and culture media. FEBS Open Bio 2022; 12:1623-1633. [PMID: 35712810 PMCID: PMC9433820 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an important model organism and a typical fungal representative for studies of eukaryotes. The cell cycle of yeast can be analyzed by flow cytometry, and refining the cytometric resolution of the cell cycle with this technique is important. Such refinement is potentially influenced by multiple factors, including enzymatic treatment and variations in the culture media used, although this has been subject to only limited investigation. Here, we examined the effect of different enzymatic pre‐treatments and various media on cytometric resolution. We show that cytometric resolution is significantly altered by both enzymatic conditions and the media used. Culture media with different amino nitrogen concentrations potentially impact the protein content in the yeast cell wall, which may affect the permeability of the cell wall and alter cytometric resolution. The present study provides beneficial technical information about the influence of media and enzymes on the cytometric resolution of the yeast cell cycle and most likely other fungi, which should be considered in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, 200080
| | - Feizhen Wu
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, 131 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, 200032.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, 201102
| | - Zhongkai Gu
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, 131 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, 200032
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15
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Gram-Level Production of Balanol through Regulatory Pathway and Medium Optimization in Herb Fungus Tolypocladium ophioglossoides. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8050510. [PMID: 35628765 PMCID: PMC9143294 DOI: 10.3390/jof8050510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
As a potential protein kinase C inhibitor, the fungus metabolite balanol has become more attractive in recent decades. In our previous work, we revealed its biosynthetic pathway through overexpression of the cluster-situated regulator gene blnR in Chinese herb fungus Tolypocladium ophioglossoides. However, information on the regulation of blnR is still largely unknown. In this study, we further investigated the regulation of balanol biosynthesis by BlnR through the analysis of affinity binding using EMSA and RNA-seq analysis. The results showed that BlnR positively regulates balanol biosynthesis through binding to all promoters of bln gene members, including its own promoter. Microscopic observation revealed blnR overexpression also affected spore development and hypha growth. Furthermore, RNA-seq analysis suggested that BlnR can regulate other genes outside of the balanol biosynthetic gene cluster, including those involved in conidiospore development. Finally, balanol production was further improved to 2187.39 mg/L using the optimized medium through statistical optimization based on response surface methodology.
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16
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Pillay LC, Nekati L, Makhwitine PJ, Ndlovu SI. Epigenetic Activation of Silent Biosynthetic Gene Clusters in Endophytic Fungi Using Small Molecular Modifiers. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:815008. [PMID: 35237247 PMCID: PMC8882859 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.815008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of silent biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) in fungi provides unlimited prospects to harness the secondary metabolites encoded by gene clusters for various applications, including pharmaceuticals. Amplifying these prospects is the new interest in exploring fungi living in the extremes, such as those associated with plants (fungal endophytes). Fungal species in endosymbiosis relationship with plants are recognized as the future factories of clinically relevant agents since discovering that they can produce similar metabolites as their plant host. The endophytes produce these compounds in natural environments as a defense mechanism against pathogens that infect the plant host or as a strategy for mitigating competitors. The signaling cascades leading to the expression of silent biosynthetic gene clusters in the natural environment remain unknown. Lack of knowledge on regulatory circuits of biosynthetic gene clusters limits the ability to exploit them in the laboratory. They are often silent and require tailor-designed strategies for activation. Epigenetic modification using small molecular compounds that alter the chromatin network, leading to the changes in secondary metabolites profile, has achieved considerable success. This review aims to comprehensively analyze the secondary metabolite profiles expressed after treatment with various epigenetic modifiers. We first describe the regulatory circuits governing the expression of secondary metabolites in fungi. Following this, we provide a detailed review of the small molecular modifiers, their mechanism(s) of action, and the diverse chemistries resulting from epigenetic modification. We further show that genetic deletion or epigenetic inhibition of histone deacetylases does not always lead to the overexpression or induction of silent secondary metabolites. Instead, the response is more complex and often leads to differential expression of secondary metabolites. Finally, we propose using this strategy as an initial screening tool to dereplicate promising fungal species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sizwe I. Ndlovu
- Discipline of Medical Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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17
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Fernando K, Reddy P, Guthridge KM, Spangenberg GC, Rochfort SJ. A Metabolomic Study of Epichloë Endophytes for Screening Antifungal Metabolites. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12010037. [PMID: 35050159 PMCID: PMC8781816 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epichloë endophytes, fungal endosymbionts of Pooidae grasses, are commonly utilized in forage and turf industries because they produce beneficial metabolites that enhance resistance against environmental stressors such as insect feeding and disease caused by phytopathogen infection. In pastoral agriculture, phytopathogenic diseases impact both pasture quality and animal production. Recently, bioactive endophyte strains have been reported to secrete compounds that significantly inhibit the growth of phytopathogenic fungi in vitro. A screen of previously described Epichloë-produced antifeedant and toxic alkaloids determined that the antifungal bioactivity observed is not due to the production of these known metabolites, and so there is a need for methods to identify new bioactive metabolites. The process described here is applicable more generally for the identification of antifungals in new endophytes. This study aims to characterize the fungicidal potential of novel, ‘animal friendly’ Epichloë endophyte strains NEA12 and NEA23 that exhibit strong antifungal activity using an in vitro assay. Bioassay-guided fractionation, followed by metabolite analysis, identified 61 metabolites that, either singly or in combination, are responsible for the observed bioactivity. Analysis of the perennial ryegrass-endophyte symbiota confirmed that NEA12 and NEA23 produce the prospective antifungal metabolites in symbiotic association and thus are candidates for compounds that promote disease resistance in planta. The “known unknown” suite of antifungal metabolites identified in this study are potential biomarkers for the selection of strains that enhance pasture and turf production through better disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishni Fernando
- AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Agriculture Victoria, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; (K.F.); (P.R.); (K.M.G.); (G.C.S.)
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Priyanka Reddy
- AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Agriculture Victoria, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; (K.F.); (P.R.); (K.M.G.); (G.C.S.)
| | - Kathryn M. Guthridge
- AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Agriculture Victoria, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; (K.F.); (P.R.); (K.M.G.); (G.C.S.)
| | - German C. Spangenberg
- AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Agriculture Victoria, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; (K.F.); (P.R.); (K.M.G.); (G.C.S.)
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Simone J. Rochfort
- AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Agriculture Victoria, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; (K.F.); (P.R.); (K.M.G.); (G.C.S.)
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-390327110
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18
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Witte TE, Shields S, Heberlig GW, Darnowski MG, Belov A, Sproule A, Boddy CN, Overy DP, Smith ML. A metabolomic study of vegetative incompatibility in Cryphonectria parasitica. Fungal Genet Biol 2021; 157:103633. [PMID: 34619360 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2021.103633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Vegetative incompatibility (VI) is a form of non-self allorecognition in filamentous fungi that restricts conspecific hyphal fusion and the formation of heterokaryons. In the chestnut pathogenic fungus, Cryphonectria parasitica, VI is controlled by six vic loci and has been of particular interest because it impedes the spread of hypoviruses and thus biocontrol strategies. We use nuclear magnetic resonance and high-resolution mass spectrometry to characterize alterations in the metabolome of C. parasitica over an eight-day time course of vic3 incompatibility. Our findings support transcriptomic data that indicated remodeling of secondary metabolite profiles occurs during vic3 -associated VI. VI-associated secondary metabolites include novel forms of calbistrin, decumbenone B, a sulfoxygenated farnesyl S-cysteine analog, lysophosphatidylcholines, and an as-yet unidentified group of lipid disaccharides. The farnesyl S-cysteine analog is structurally similar to pheromones predicted to be produced during VI and is here named 'crypheromonin'. Mass features associated with C. parasitica secondary metabolites skyrin, rugulosin and cryphonectric acid were also detected but were not VI specific. Partitioning of VI-associated secondary metabolites was observed, with crypheromonins and most calbistrins accumulating in the growth medium over time, whereas lysophosphatidylcholines, lipid disaccharide-associated mass features and other calbistrin-associated mass features peaked at distinct time points in the mycelium. Secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters and potential biological roles associated with the detected secondary metabolites are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E Witte
- Carleton University, Department of Biology, Ottawa, Canada.
| | - Sam Shields
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Ottawa, Canada.
| | - Graham W Heberlig
- University of Ottawa, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Ottawa, Canada.
| | - Mike G Darnowski
- University of Ottawa, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Ottawa, Canada.
| | - Anatoly Belov
- Carleton University, Department of Biology, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Amanda Sproule
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Ottawa, Canada.
| | - Christopher N Boddy
- University of Ottawa, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Ottawa, Canada.
| | - David P Overy
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Ottawa, Canada.
| | - Myron L Smith
- Carleton University, Department of Biology, Ottawa, Canada.
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19
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Gakuubi MM, Munusamy M, Liang ZX, Ng SB. Fungal Endophytes: A Promising Frontier for Discovery of Novel Bioactive Compounds. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:786. [PMID: 34682208 PMCID: PMC8538612 DOI: 10.3390/jof7100786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
For years, fungi have served as repositories of bioactive secondary metabolites that form the backbone of many existing drugs. With the global rise in infections associated with antimicrobial resistance, in addition to the growing burden of non-communicable disease, such as cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular ailments, the demand for new drugs that can provide an improved therapeutic outcome has become the utmost priority. The exploration of microbes from understudied and specialized niches is one of the promising ways of discovering promising lead molecules for drug discovery. In recent years, a special class of plant-associated fungi, namely, fungal endophytes, have emerged as an important source of bioactive compounds with unique chemistry and interesting biological activities. The present review focuses on endophytic fungi and their classification, rationale for selection and prioritization of host plants for fungal isolation and examples of strategies that have been adopted to induce the activation of cryptic biosynthetic gene clusters to enhance the biosynthetic potential of fungal endophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Muthee Gakuubi
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, #01-02 Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore; (M.M.G.); (M.M.)
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore;
| | - Madhaiyan Munusamy
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, #01-02 Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore; (M.M.G.); (M.M.)
| | - Zhao-Xun Liang
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore;
| | - Siew Bee Ng
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, #01-02 Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore; (M.M.G.); (M.M.)
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20
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Barthélemy M, Elie N, Genta-Jouve G, Stien D, Touboul D, Eparvier V. Identification of Antagonistic Compounds between the Palm Tree Xylariale Endophytic Fungi and the Phytopathogen Fusarium oxysporum. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:10893-10906. [PMID: 34516124 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c03141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To discover microorganisms that naturally possess chemical weapons against the phytopathogen Fusarium oxysporum, the biological and chemical diversity of plant leaf endophytes was investigated. Endophytes were isolated from the palm tree Astrocaryum sciophyllum collected in pristine forests of French Guiana. Several Xylariaceae inhibited the growth of F. oxysporum and were further explored. Antifungal specialized metabolites were isolated from the Xylariaceae BSNB-0294 strain in confrontation with the phytopathogen and led to the identification of undescribed compounds, i.e., two depsipeptides named xylariaceins, two metabolites containing a 3-imidazolinone moiety, and four new compounds including a nitro-phenylpropanamide and three phenylalanine analogues named xylariains A-D. In parallel, the chemical investigation of the phytopathogen during the coculture led to the identification of an unknown compound, which we named focicin. The production of focicin was exacerbated during the competition. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization coupled to time-of-flight mass spectometry (MALDI-TOF MS) imaging of the competition between BSNB-0294 (endophytic strain) and F. oxysporum f.sp. ciceris (phytopathogen) highlighted time-dependent chemical interactions between the two microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Barthélemy
- CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Nicolas Elie
- CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Grégory Genta-Jouve
- Laboratoire Ecologie, Evolution, Interactions des Systèmes Amazoniens (LEEISA), USR 3456, Université De Guyane, CNRS Guyane, 97300 Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Didier Stien
- Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes (LBBM), Observatoire Océanologique, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - David Touboul
- CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Véronique Eparvier
- CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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21
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El‐Hawary S, Mohammed R, Bahr H, Attia E, El‐Katatny M, Abelyan N, Al‐Sanea M, Moawad A, Abdelmohsen U. Soybean-associated endophytic fungi as potential source for anti-COVID-19 metabolites supported by docking analysis. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 131:1193-1211. [PMID: 33559270 PMCID: PMC8013715 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To identify the metabolites produced by the endophytic fungus, Aspergillus terreus and to explore the anti-viral activity of the identified metabolites against the pandemic disease COVID-19 in-silico. METHODS AND RESULTS Herein, we reported the isolation of A. terreus, the endophytic fungus associated with soybean roots, which is then subcultured using OSMAC approach in five different culture media. Analytical analysis of media ethylacetate extracts using liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) was carried out. Furthermore, the obtained LC-MS data were statistically processed with MetaboAnalyst 4.0. Molecular docking studies were performed for the dereplicated metabolites against COVID-19 main protease (Mpro ). Metabolomic profiling revealed the presence of 18 compounds belonging to different chemical classes. Quinones, polyketides and isocoumarins were the most abundant classes. Multivariate analysis revealed that potato dextrose broth and modified potato dextrose broth are the optimal media for metabolites production. Molecular docking studies declared that the metabolites, Aspergillide B1 and 3a-Hydroxy-3, 5-dihydromonacolin L showed the highest binding energy scores towards COVID-19 main protease (Mpro ) (-9·473) and (-9·386), respectively, and they interact strongly with the catalytic dyad (His41 and Cys145) amino acid residues of Mpro . CONCLUSIONS A combination of metabolomics and in-silico approaches have allowed a shorter route to search for anti-COVID-19 natural products in a shorter time. The dereplicated metabolites, aspergillide B1 and 3α-Hydroxy-3, 5-dihydromonacolin L were found to be potent anti-COVID-19 drug candidates in the molecular docking study. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study revealed that the endophytic fungus, A. terreus can be considered as a potential source of natural bioactive products. In addition to, the possibility of developing the metabolites, aspergillide B1 and 3α-Hydroxy-3, 5-dihydromonacolin L to be used as phytopharmaceuticals for the management of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- S.S. El‐Hawary
- Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy Cairo University Cairo Egypt
| | - R. Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy Beni‐Suef University Beni‐Suef Egypt
| | - H.S. Bahr
- Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy Nahda University Beni‐Suef Egypt
| | - E.Z. Attia
- Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy Minia University Minia Egypt
| | - M.H. El‐Katatny
- Department of Botany and Microbiology Faculty of Science Minia University Minia Egypt
| | - N. Abelyan
- Institute of Biomedicine and Pharmacy Russian‐Armenian University Yerevan Armenia
- Foundation for Armenian Science and Technology Yerevan Armenia
| | - M.M. Al‐Sanea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry College of Pharmacy Jouf University Sakaka Saudi Arabia
| | - A.S. Moawad
- Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy Beni‐Suef University Beni‐Suef Egypt
| | - U.R. Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy Minia University Minia Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy Deraya University New Minia City Minia Egypt
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22
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Mishra S, Sahu PK, Agarwal V, Singh N. Exploiting endophytic microbes as micro-factories for plant secondary metabolite production. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:6579-6596. [PMID: 34463800 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11527-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Plant secondary metabolites have significant potential applications in a wide range of pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries by providing new chemistries and compounds. However, direct isolation of such compounds from plants has resulted in over-harvesting and loss of biodiversity, currently threatening several medicinal plant species to extinction. With the breakthrough report of taxol production by an endophytic fungus of Taxus brevifolia, a new era in natural product research was established. Since then, the ability of endophytic microbes to produce metabolites similar to those produced by their host plants has been discovered. The plant "endosphere" represents a rich and unique biological niche inhabited by organisms capable of producing a range of desired compounds. In addition, plants growing in diverse habitats and adverse environmental conditions represent a valuable reservoir for obtaining rare microbes with potential applications. Despite being an attractive and sustainable approach for obtaining economically important metabolites, the industrial exploitation of microbial endophytes for the production and isolation of plant secondary metabolites remains in its infancy. The present review provides an updated overview of the prospects, challenges, and possible solutions for using microbial endophytes as micro-factories for obtaining commercially important plant metabolites.Key points• Some "plant" metabolites are rather synthesized by the associated endophytes.• Challenges: Attenuation, silencing of BGCs, unculturability, complex cross-talk.• Solutions: Simulation of in planta habitat, advanced characterization methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushma Mishra
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Dayalbagh Educational Institute (Deemed-to-be-University), Agra, Uttar Pradesh, 282005, India.
| | - Pramod Kumar Sahu
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, 275103, India
| | - Vishad Agarwal
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Dayalbagh Educational Institute (Deemed-to-be-University), Agra, Uttar Pradesh, 282005, India
| | - Namrata Singh
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Dayalbagh Educational Institute (Deemed-to-be-University), Agra, Uttar Pradesh, 282005, India
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23
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Wang X, Subko K, Kildgaard S, Frisvad JC, Larsen TO. Mass Spectrometry-Based Network Analysis Reveals New Insights Into the Chemodiversity of 28 Species in Aspergillus section Flavi. FRONTIERS IN FUNGAL BIOLOGY 2021; 2:719420. [PMID: 37744124 PMCID: PMC10512371 DOI: 10.3389/ffunb.2021.719420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Aspergillus section Flavi includes some of the most famous mycotoxin producing filamentous fungi known to mankind. In recent years a number of new species have been included in section Flavi, however these species have been much less studied from a chemical point of view. In this study, we explored one representative strain of a total of 28 fungal species in section Flavi by systematically evaluating the relationship between taxonomy and secondary metabolites with LC-MS/MS analysis for the first time and dereplication through an in-house database and the Global Natural Product Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) platform. This approach allowed rapid identification of two new cyclopiazonic acid producers (A. alliaceus and A. arachidicola) and two new tenuazonic acid producers (A. arachidicola and A. leporis). Moreover, for the first time we report species from section Flavi to produce fumifungin and sphingofungins B-D. Altogether, this study emphasizes that the chemical diversity of species in genus Aspergillus section Flavi is larger than previously recognized, and especially that understudied species are prolific producers of important mycotoxins such as fumi- and sphingofungins not previously reported from this section. Furthermore, our work demonstrates Global Natural Product Social (GNPS) Molecular Networking as a powerful tool for large-scale chemotaxonomic analysis of closely related species in filamentous fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhui Wang
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Karolina Subko
- Food Machinery and Chemical (FMC) Agricultural Solutions, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Sara Kildgaard
- Section for Ecology and Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens C. Frisvad
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thomas O. Larsen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
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24
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Axenov-Gribanov DV, Morgunova MM, Vasilieva UA, Gamaiunov SV, Dmitrieva (Krasnova) ME, Pereliaeva EV, Belyshenko AY, Luzhetskyy AN. Composition of nutrient media and temperature of cultivation imposes effect on the content of secondary metabolites of Nocardiopsis sp. isolated from a Siberian Cave. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:386. [PMID: 34350091 PMCID: PMC8319253 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02926-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth of human population leads to many global and medical problems. The problems include the crisis of health, antibiotic resistance, drug discovery, etc. Increasing antimicrobial resistance of microorganisms results in the need to screen natural products (incl. antibiotics and antimicrobial peptides) and their producers in different ecological niches. The purpose of this study was to estimate antibiotic activity and biotechnological potential of rare actinobacteria Nocardiopsis sp. The strain was isolated from Okhotnichya cave located in Siberia. Here, we cultivated the strain at 3 temperature modes (13 °C, 28 °C, 37 °C) in 11 liquid nutrient (rich and poor) media. Using modern assays of liquid chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry, we estimated the content and number of produced natural products, distribution of their masses, and potential rate of novel secondary metabolites. We demonstrated that minimal nutrient media with l-asparagine and SM25 media with malt extract were less productive at current experimental parameters. As it was shown, this strain was characterized by antibiotic properties against Bacillus subtilis when cultivated at 28 °C. Also, weak antibiotic activity of crude extracts was found in strain cultivation at 13 °C. Also, we detected a high number of novel amphiphilic and hydrophobic NPs produced by this strain. We demonstrated both the influence of the nutrient media composition and cultivation temperature on biosynthetic capabilities of rare strain Nocardiopsis sp. Finally, high level of natural products that were predicted as novel confirms high biotechnological value of rare genera of Actinobacteria that could be explained by the evolution of microorganisms in the isolated environment of cave ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ulyana A. Vasilieva
- Irkutsk State University, 1 Karl Marx St, 664003 Irkutsk, Russia
- Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 132 Lermontov Str, 664033 Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Stanislav V. Gamaiunov
- Irkutsk State University, 1 Karl Marx St, 664003 Irkutsk, Russia
- Speleology Club Arabica, 11 Berezovaya Rosha Str, 664043 Irkutsk, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Andriy N. Luzhetskyy
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Saarland, Campus, C2.3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Campus, C2.3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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25
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Quemener M, Dayras M, Frotté N, Debaets S, Le Meur C, Barbier G, Edgcomb V, Mehiri M, Burgaud G. Highlighting the Biotechnological Potential of Deep Oceanic Crust Fungi through the Prism of Their Antimicrobial Activity. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19080411. [PMID: 34436250 PMCID: PMC8399467 DOI: 10.3390/md19080411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the different tools to address the antibiotic resistance crisis, bioprospecting in complex uncharted habitats to detect novel microorganisms putatively producing original antimicrobial compounds can definitely increase the current therapeutic arsenal of antibiotics. Fungi from numerous habitats have been widely screened for their ability to express specific biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) involved in the synthesis of antimicrobial compounds. Here, a collection of unique 75 deep oceanic crust fungi was screened to evaluate their biotechnological potential through the prism of their antimicrobial activity using a polyphasic approach. After a first genetic screening to detect specific BGCs, a second step consisted of an antimicrobial screening that tested the most promising isolates against 11 microbial targets. Here, 12 fungal isolates showed at least one antibacterial and/or antifungal activity (static or lytic) against human pathogens. This analysis also revealed that Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Enterococcus faecalis CIP A 186 were the most impacted, followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. A specific focus on three fungal isolates allowed us to detect interesting activity of crude extracts against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Finally, complementary mass spectrometry (MS)-based molecular networking analyses were performed to putatively assign the fungal metabolites and raise hypotheses to link them to the observed antimicrobial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxence Quemener
- Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Écologie Microbienne, Université de Brest, F-29280 Plouzané, France; (M.Q.); (N.F.); (S.D.); (C.L.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Marie Dayras
- Marine Natural Products Team, Institut de Chimie de Nice, UMR 7272, Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, 06108 Nice, France; (M.D.); (M.M.)
| | - Nicolas Frotté
- Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Écologie Microbienne, Université de Brest, F-29280 Plouzané, France; (M.Q.); (N.F.); (S.D.); (C.L.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Stella Debaets
- Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Écologie Microbienne, Université de Brest, F-29280 Plouzané, France; (M.Q.); (N.F.); (S.D.); (C.L.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Christophe Le Meur
- Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Écologie Microbienne, Université de Brest, F-29280 Plouzané, France; (M.Q.); (N.F.); (S.D.); (C.L.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Georges Barbier
- Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Écologie Microbienne, Université de Brest, F-29280 Plouzané, France; (M.Q.); (N.F.); (S.D.); (C.L.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Virginia Edgcomb
- Departments of Geology and Geophysics and Biology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA;
| | - Mohamed Mehiri
- Marine Natural Products Team, Institut de Chimie de Nice, UMR 7272, Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, 06108 Nice, France; (M.D.); (M.M.)
| | - Gaëtan Burgaud
- Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Écologie Microbienne, Université de Brest, F-29280 Plouzané, France; (M.Q.); (N.F.); (S.D.); (C.L.M.); (G.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-290915148
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26
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Tong ZW, Xie XH, Wang TT, Lu M, Jiao RH, Ge HM, Hu G, Tan RX. Acautalides A-C, Neuroprotective Diels-Alder Adducts from Solid-State Cultivated Acaulium sp. H-JQSF. Org Lett 2021; 23:5587-5591. [PMID: 34190564 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The solid-state cultivation of Acaulium sp. H-JQSF isolated from Armadillidium vulgare produces acautalides A-C (1-3) as skeletally unprecedented Diels-Alder adducts of a 14-membered macrodiolide to an octadeca-9,11,13-trienoic acid. The acautalide structures, along with the intramolecular transesterifications of 1-acylglycerols, were elucidated by mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, chemical transformation, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compounds 1-3 were found to be neuroprotective with antiparkinsonic potential in the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-challenged nematode model, with the magnitude impacted by the glycerol esterification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Wu Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Functional Biomolecules, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Hong Xie
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Functional Biomolecules, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Hua Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Functional Biomolecules, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Ming Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Functional Biomolecules, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Hu
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren Xiang Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Functional Biomolecules, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
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27
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Induction of metabolic variability of the endophytic fungus Xylaria sp. by OSMAC approach and experimental design. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:3025-3032. [PMID: 33779769 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02283-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This work has as the main focus, to analyze the behavior of physic-chemical variations from the fungus Xylaria sp., through the OSMAC (One Strain, Many Compounds) approach as an efficient way of obtaining new compounds. To perform such inductions and to explore the variability of the metabolic network of this microorganism, a factorial design was designed to induce variability (or enhancement) of metabolites. In view of chemometric insights, the planned inductions were imposed on the microorganism and variations in the chemical profile were observed in the crude extracts. Through mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance-based profiles, combined with multivariate analysis through Principal Component Analysis (PCA), it was observed a marked variability of signals, confirming the efficacy in the metabolic alteration, defining the culture medium and agitation as the most important variables in the metabolic variability of the fungus. However, the extract mass is more significant for the agitation variable, and there is no relationship between the mass of crude extract and the amount of molecular signals of the complex matrices studied.
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28
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El-Demerdash A, Borde C, Genta-Jouve G, Escargueil A, Prado S. Cytotoxic constituents from the wheat plant pathogen Parastagonospora nodorum SN15. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:1273-1281. [PMID: 33605174 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1877702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Microbial natural products are continuing to be a promising platform for future drug lead discover. As a part of our ongoing research program on fungal natural product, herein we report metabolites isolated from the fungus Parastagonospora nodorum SN15 a pathogen of wheat and related cereals. Its chemical investigation led to the purification of new isoleucinic acid derivatives (1-2) along with the cis procuramine (4). Their structures were determined based on extensive NMR and the relative configuration by comparison of experimental and predicted NMR chemical shifts. All compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against a panel of human cell lines and some displayed specific feature towards cancer cells compared to normal immortalised fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr El-Demerdash
- Unité Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, UMR 7245, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France.,Organic Chemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Chloé Borde
- INSERM U938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Gregory Genta-Jouve
- Unité Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, UMR 7245, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France.,UMR CNRS 8038, CiTCoM, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Escargueil
- INSERM U938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Soizic Prado
- Unité Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, UMR 7245, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
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29
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Zaki AG, El-Shatoury EH, Ahmed AS, Al-Hagar OEA. Response surface methodology-mediated improvement of the irradiated endophytic fungal strain, Alternaria brassicae AGF041 for Huperzine A-hyperproduction. Lett Appl Microbiol 2020; 72:427-437. [PMID: 33278032 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Huperzine A (HupA) is an anti-Alzheimer's therapeutic and a dietary supplement for memory boosting that is extracted mainly from Huperziacae plants. Endophytes represent the upcoming refuge to protect the plant resource from distinction but their HupA yield is still far from commercialization. In this context, UV and gamma radiation mutagenesis of the newly isolated HupA-producing Alternaria brassicae AGF041 would be applied in this study for improving the endophytic HupA yield. Compared to non-irradiated cultures, UV (30-40 min, exposure) and γ (0·5 KGy, dose) irradiated cultures, each separately, showed a significant higher HupA yield (17·2 and 30·3%, respectively). While, application of a statistically optimized compound irradiation (0·70 KGy of γ treatment and 42·49 min of UV exposure, sequentially) via Response Surface Methodology (RSM) resulted in 53·1% production increase. Moreover, a stable selected mutant strain CM003 underwent batch cultivation using a 6·6 l bioreactor for the first time and was successful for scaling up the HupA production to 261·6 µg l-1 . Findings of this research are demonstrated to be valuable as the employed batch fermentation represents a successful starting step towards the promising endophytic HupA production at an industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira G Zaki
- Plant Research Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Einas H El-Shatoury
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ashraf S Ahmed
- Plant Research Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ola E A Al-Hagar
- Plant Research Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
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30
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Tian C, Zhang Y, Mu X, Quan J, Sun M. Optical physics on chiral brominated azapirones: Bromophilone A and B. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 242:118780. [PMID: 32801023 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we use the visualization method to study their intramolecular electric-magnetic interactions and reveal the physical mechanism of their electronic transition to explain the cause of the opposite ECD spectrum orientations. Azaphilone A and B are two chiral molecules, due to their differing chirality, the electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra of bromophilone A and B are very different at 431 nm. Based on the two-step transition process, the charge-transfer characteristics of the corresponding two-photon excited states of the two chiral molecules are analysed in detail by calculating the photoinduced charge transfer and electron-hole coherence in the two-photon absorption (TPA) process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Tian
- School of Physics Science and Technology, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524048, People's Republic of China
| | - Yitong Zhang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Center for Green Innovation, Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Magneto-Photoelectrical Composite and Interface Science, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Xijiao Mu
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Center for Green Innovation, Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Magneto-Photoelectrical Composite and Interface Science, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Quan
- School of Physics Science and Technology, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524048, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mengtao Sun
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Center for Green Innovation, Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Magneto-Photoelectrical Composite and Interface Science, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China.
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31
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Brel O, Touré S, Levasseur M, Lechat C, Pellissier L, Wolfender JL, Van-Elslande E, Litaudon M, Dusfour I, Stien D, Eparvier V. Paecilosetin Derivatives as Potent Antimicrobial Agents from Isaria farinosa. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:2915-2922. [PMID: 33021377 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fifty-seven entomopathogenic microorganisms were screened against human pathogens and subjected to mass spectrometry molecular networking based dereplication. Isaria farinosa BSNB-1250, shown to produce potentially novel biologically active metabolites, was grown on a large scale on potato dextrose agar, and paecilosetin (1) and five new analogues (2-6) were subsequently isolated. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated using 1D and 2D NMR. The absolute configurations of compounds 1-6 were determined using Mosher ester derivatives (1, 3, 4), comparison of experimental and calculated ECD spectra (2-4 and 6), and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis (5). Compounds 1 and 5 exhibited strong antibacterial activity against MSSA and MRSA with MIC values of 1-2 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orianne Brel
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Seindé Touré
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marceau Levasseur
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Léonie Pellissier
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Elsa Van-Elslande
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marc Litaudon
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Isabelle Dusfour
- Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Unité de Contrôle et Adaptation des Vecteurs, BP6010, 97306 Cayenne, France
- Département de Santé Globale, Institut Pasteur, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Didier Stien
- Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes (LBBM), Observatoire Océanologique, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, CNRS, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Véronique Eparvier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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An anticonvulsive drug, valproic acid (valproate), has effects on the biosynthesis of fatty acids and polyketides in microorganisms. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9300. [PMID: 32518288 PMCID: PMC7283484 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66251-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Valproic acid or valproate (VPA) is an anticonvulsive drug used for treatments of epilepsy, bipolar disorder, and migraine headaches. VPA is also an epigenetic modulator, inhibiting histone deacetylase, and it has been subjected to clinical study for cancer treatment. During the investigation of VPA on a metabolite profile in a fungus, we found that VPA has significant effects on the production of some fatty acids. Further exploration of VPA on fatty acid profiles of microorganisms, fungi, yeast, and bacteria, as well as representative gut microbiome, revealed that VPA could enhance or reduce the production of some fatty acids. VPA was found to induce the production of trans-9-elaidic acid, a fatty acid that was previously reported to have cellular effects in human macrophages. VPA could also inhibit the production of some polyketides produced by a model fungus. The present work suggests that the induction or inhibition of fatty acid biosynthesis by VPA (100 µM) in gut microbiome could give effects to patients treated with VPA because high doses of VPA oral administration (up to 600 mg to 900 mg) are used by patients; the concentration of VPA in the human gut may reach a concentration of 100 µM, which may give effects to gut microorganisms.
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33
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Bhattarai K, Bastola R, Baral B. Antibiotic drug discovery: Challenges and perspectives in the light of emerging antibiotic resistance. ADVANCES IN GENETICS 2020; 105:229-292. [PMID: 32560788 DOI: 10.1016/bs.adgen.2019.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Amid a rising threat of antimicrobial resistance in a global scenario, our huge investments and high-throughput technologies injected for rejuvenating the key therapeutic scaffolds to suppress these rising superbugs has been diminishing severely. This has grasped world-wide attention, with increased consideration being given to the discovery of new chemical entities. Research has now proven that the relatively tiny and simpler microbes possess enhanced capability of generating novel and diverse chemical constituents with huge therapeutic leads. The usage of these beneficial organisms could help in producing new chemical scaffolds that govern the power to suppress the spread of obnoxious superbugs. Here in this review, we have explicitly focused on several appealing strategies employed for the generation of new chemical scaffolds. Also, efforts on providing novel insights on some of the unresolved questions in the production of metabolites, metabolic profiling and also the serendipity of getting "hit molecules" have been rigorously discussed. However, we are highly aware that biosynthetic pathway of different classes of secondary metabolites and their biosynthetic route is a vast topic, thus we have avoided discussion on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keshab Bhattarai
- University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Center for Natural and Applied Sciences (CENAS), Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Rina Bastola
- Spinal Cord Injury Association-Nepal (SCIAN), Pokhara, Nepal
| | - Bikash Baral
- Spinal Cord Injury Association-Nepal (SCIAN), Pokhara, Nepal.
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Chen C, Tao H, Chen W, Yang B, Zhou X, Luo X, Liu Y. Recent advances in the chemistry and biology of azaphilones. RSC Adv 2020; 10:10197-10220. [PMID: 35498578 PMCID: PMC9050426 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00894j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the chemistry and biology of structurally diverse azaphilones from 2012 to 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica
- South China Sea Institute of Oceanology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou 510301
| | - Huaming Tao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Southern Medical University
- Guangzhou 510515
- P. R. China
| | - Weihao Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica
- South China Sea Institute of Oceanology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou 510301
| | - Bin Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica
- South China Sea Institute of Oceanology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou 510301
| | - Xuefeng Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica
- South China Sea Institute of Oceanology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou 510301
| | - Xiaowei Luo
- Institute of Marine Drugs
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanning 530200
- P. R. China
| | - Yonghong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica
- South China Sea Institute of Oceanology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou 510301
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35
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Hagestad OC, Andersen JH, Altermark B, Hansen E, Rämä T. Cultivable marine fungi from the Arctic Archipelago of Svalbard and their antibacterial activity. Mycology 2019; 11:230-242. [PMID: 33062384 PMCID: PMC7534220 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2019.1708492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
During a research cruise in 2016, we isolated fungi from sediments, seawater, driftwood, fruiting bodies, and macroalgae using three different media to assess species richness and potential bioactivity of cultivable marine fungi in the High Arctic region. Ten stations from the Svalbard archipelago (73-80 °N, 18-31 °E) were investigated and 33 fungal isolates were obtained. These grouped into 22 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) using nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 = ITS) with acut-off set at 98% similarity. The taxonomic analysis showed that 17 OTUs belonged to Ascomycota, one to Basidiomycota, two to Mucoromycota and two were fungal-like organisms. The nuc rDNA V1-V5 regions of 18S (18S) and D1-D3 regions of 28S (28S) were sequenced from representative isolates of each OTU for comparison to GenBank sequences. Isolates of Lulworthiales and Eurotiales were the most abundant, with seven isolates each. Among the 22 OTUs, nine represent potentially undescribed species based on low similarity to GenBank sequences and 10 isolates showed inhibitory activity against Gram-positive bacteria in an agar diffusion plug assay. These results show promise for the Arctic region as asource of novel marine fungi with the ability to produce bioactive secondary metabolites with antibacterial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole Christian Hagestad
- Marbio, The Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Department at Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jeanette H. Andersen
- Marbio, The Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Department at Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Bjørn Altermark
- The Norwegian Structural Biology Centre (NorStruct), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Espen Hansen
- Marbio, The Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Department at Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Teppo Rämä
- Marbio, The Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Department at Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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36
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Exploration of cryptic organic photosensitive compound as Zincphyrin IV in Streptomyces venezuelae ATCC 15439. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 104:713-724. [PMID: 31820068 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10262-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Zincphyrin IV is a potential organic photosensitizer which is of significant interest for applications in biomedicine, materials science, agriculture (as insecticide), and chemistry. Most studies on Zincphyrin are focused on Zincphyrin III while biosynthesis and application of Zincphyrin IV is comparatively less explored. In this study, we explored Zincphyrin IV production in Streptomyces venezuelae ATCC 15439 through combination of morphology engineering and "One strain many compounds" approach. The morphology engineering followed by change in culture medium led to activation of cryptic Zincphyrin IV biosynthetic pathway in S. venezuelae with subsequent detection of Zincphyrin IV. Morphology engineering applied in S. venezuelae increased the biomass from 7.17 to 10.5 mg/mL after 48 h of culture. Moreover, morphology of engineered strain examined by SEM showed reduced branching and fragmentation of mycelia. The distinct change in color of culture broth visually demonstrated the activation of the cryptic biosynthetic pathway in S. venezuelae. The production of Zincphyrin IV was found to be initiated after overexpression ssgA, resulting in the increase in titer from 4.21 to 7.54 μg/mL. Furthermore, Zincphyrin IV demonstrated photodynamic antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis and photodynamic anticancer activity against human ovarian carcinoma cell lines.
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Niu S, Xia M, Chen M, Liu X, Li Z, Xie Y, Shao Z, Zhang G. Cytotoxic Polyketides Isolated from the Deep-Sea-Derived Fungus Penicillium chrysogenum MCCC 3A00292. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17120686. [PMID: 31817515 PMCID: PMC6950755 DOI: 10.3390/md17120686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemical examination of the solid cultures of the deep-sea-derived fungus Penicillium chrysogenum MCCC 3A00292 resulted in the isolation of three new versiol-type analogues, namely peniciversiols A–C (1–3), and two novel lactone derivatives, namely penicilactones A and B (6 and 7), along with 11 known polyketides. The planar structures of the new compounds were determined by the comprehensive analyses of the high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (HRESIMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data, while their absolute configurations were resolved on the basis of comparisons of the experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra with the calculated ECD data. Compound 1 is the second example of versiols featuring a 2,3-dihydropyran-4-one ring. Additionally, compounds 6 and 7 are the first representatives of γ-lactone derivatives constructed by a 1,3-dihydroxy-5-methylbenzene unit esterifying with the α-methyl-γ-hydroxy-γ-acetic acid α,β-unsaturated-γ-lactone moiety and α-hydroxy-γ-methyl-γ-acetic acid α,β-unsaturated-γ-lactone unit, respectively. All of the isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against five human cancer cell lines of BIU-87, ECA109, BEL-7402, PANC-1, and Hela-S3. Compound 1 exhibited a selective inhibitory effect against the BIU-87 cell line (IC50 = 10.21 μM), while compounds 4, 5, 8, and 12–16 showed inhibitory activities against the ECA109, BIU-87, and BEL-7402 cell lines with the IC50 values ranging from 7.70 to > 20 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwen Niu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources, Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China; (S.N.); (M.X.); (X.L.); (Z.L.); (Z.S.)
| | - Manli Xia
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources, Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China; (S.N.); (M.X.); (X.L.); (Z.L.); (Z.S.)
| | - Mingliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources, Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China; (S.N.); (M.X.); (X.L.); (Z.L.); (Z.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.C.); (G.Z.); Tel.: +86-592-2195393 (M.C.); +86-592-2195833 (G.Z.)
| | - Xiupian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources, Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China; (S.N.); (M.X.); (X.L.); (Z.L.); (Z.S.)
| | - Zengpeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources, Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China; (S.N.); (M.X.); (X.L.); (Z.L.); (Z.S.)
| | - Yunchang Xie
- College of life science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China;
| | - Zongze Shao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources, Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China; (S.N.); (M.X.); (X.L.); (Z.L.); (Z.S.)
| | - Gaiyun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources, Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China; (S.N.); (M.X.); (X.L.); (Z.L.); (Z.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.C.); (G.Z.); Tel.: +86-592-2195393 (M.C.); +86-592-2195833 (G.Z.)
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38
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Qiao YM, Yu RL, Zhu P. Advances in targeting and heterologous expression of genes involved in the synthesis of fungal secondary metabolites. RSC Adv 2019; 9:35124-35134. [PMID: 35530690 PMCID: PMC9074735 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06908a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The revolutionary discovery of penicillin only marks the start of our exploration for valuable fungal natural products. Advanced genome sequencing technologies have translated the fungal genome into a huge reservoir of "recipes" - biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) - for biosynthesis. Studying complex fungal genetics demands specific gene manipulation strategies. This review summarizes the current progress in efficient gene targeting in fungal cells and heterologous expression systems for expressing fungal BGCs of fungal secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ming Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, NHC Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products, CAMS Key Laboratory of Enzyme and Biocatalysis of Natural Drugs, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100050 China +86-10-63017757 +86-10-63165197
| | - Rui-Lin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, NHC Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products, CAMS Key Laboratory of Enzyme and Biocatalysis of Natural Drugs, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100050 China +86-10-63017757 +86-10-63165197
| | - Ping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, NHC Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products, CAMS Key Laboratory of Enzyme and Biocatalysis of Natural Drugs, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100050 China +86-10-63017757 +86-10-63165197
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El-Demerdash A, Genta-Jouve G, Bärenstrauch M, Kunz C, Baudouin E, Prado S. Highly oxygenated isoprenylated cyclohexanoids from the fungus Parastagonospora nodorum SN15. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2019; 166:112056. [PMID: 31302342 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.112056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The chemical investigation of the wheat plant pathogen Parastagonospora nodorum SN15 led to the purification of seven highly oxygenated acetylenic cyclohexanoids named stagonosporynes A-G. Their structures were determined on the basis of extensive NMR and the relative and absolute configurations by an array of computational methods including simulation of NOESY spectrum and electronic circular dichroism (ECD). All compounds were evaluated for their herbicidal activity and stagonosporyne G displayed the most significant herbicidal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr El-Demerdash
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Unité Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, UMR 7245, CP 54, 57 Rue Cuvier, 75005, Paris, France; Organic Chemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Grégory Genta-Jouve
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Unité Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, UMR 7245, CP 54, 57 Rue Cuvier, 75005, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Laboratoire de Chimie-Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire (C-TAC), UMR CNRS 8638, COMETE, 4 Avenue de l'Observatoire, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Margot Bärenstrauch
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Unité Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, UMR 7245, CP 54, 57 Rue Cuvier, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Kunz
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Unité Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, UMR 7245, CP 54, 57 Rue Cuvier, 75005, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Faculté des Sciences et Ingénierie, UFR 927, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Baudouin
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (LBD-IBPS), Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Soizic Prado
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Unité Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, UMR 7245, CP 54, 57 Rue Cuvier, 75005, Paris, France.
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40
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Mondal S, Rai VR. Molecular profiling of endophytic Streptomyces cavourensis MH16 inhabiting Millingtonia hortensis Linn. and influence of different culture media on biosynthesis of antimicrobial metabolites. Naturwissenschaften 2019; 106:51. [PMID: 31455975 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-019-1646-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Endophytic actinomycetes, a prolific source of natural products, are well known for their diverse metabolic versatility, and their association with medicinal plants and antimicrobial potential are well worth exploring. We isolated and identified the Streptomyces cavourensis strain MH16 inhabiting the tree Millingtonia hortensis Linn. using phylogenetic analysis based on a 16S rRNA molecular approach. We used the disc diffusion method to evaluate the impact of differences in the compositions of the media on the production of secondary metabolites from strain MH16. The production of antimicrobial metabolites was determined by the observation of inhibition zones on intensive bands when using a TLC-bioautography assay. Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites was optimal when the strain MH16 was cultured in ISP-2 medium as depicted by a zone of inhibition. Strain MH16 effectively inhibited methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and other multi drug-resistant pathogens. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the antimicrobial metabolites was 25-100 μg mL-1. The study manifests the optimization and utilization of different fermentation media which best suits for increased production of the secondary metabolites from Streptomyces cavourensis. This research suggests that the antimicrobial metabolites of strain MH16 found in M. hortensis has great potential for the biodiscovery of new anti-infective drugs against a wide range of multidrug-resistant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soma Mondal
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 006, India.
| | - Vittal Ravishankar Rai
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 006, India.
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Frank M, Hartmann R, Plenker M, Mándi A, Kurtán T, Özkaya FC, Müller WEG, Kassack MU, Hamacher A, Lin W, Liu Z, Proksch P. Brominated Azaphilones from the Sponge-Associated Fungus Penicillium canescens Strain 4.14.6a. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:2159-2166. [PMID: 31359750 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The fungus Penicillium canescens was isolated from the inner tissue of the Mediterranian sponge Agelas oroides. Fermentation of the fungus on solid rice medium yielded one new chlorinated diphenyl ether (1) and 13 known compounds (2-14). Addition of 5% NaBr to the rice medium increased the amounts of 4-6, while lowering the amounts of 8, 12, and 14. Furthermore, it induced the accumulation of 17 and two new brominated azaphilones, bromophilones A and B (15 and 16). Compounds 15 and 16 are the first example of azaphilones with the connection of a benzene moiety and the pyranoquinone core through a methylene group. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated based on the 1D and 2D NMR spectra as well as on HRESIMS data. The absolute configuration of the condensed bicyclic moiety of 15 and 16 was determined by sTDA ECD calculations. Compound 16 exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against the mouse lymphoma cell line L5178Y (IC50 8.9 μM), as well as against the human ovarian cancer cell line A2780 (IC50 2.7 μM), whereas the stereoisomer 15 was considerably less active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Frank
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology , Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf , Universitätsstrasse 1 , 40225 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Rudolf Hartmann
- Institute of Complex Systems: Strukturbiochemie , Forschungszentrum Juelich , Wilhelm-Johnen-Strasse , 52428 Juelich , Germany
| | - Malte Plenker
- Institute of Complex Systems: Strukturbiochemie , Forschungszentrum Juelich , Wilhelm-Johnen-Strasse , 52428 Juelich , Germany
| | - Attila Mándi
- Department of Organic Chemistry , University of Debrecen , Egyetem tér 1 , Debrecen 4032 , Hungary
| | - Tibor Kurtán
- Department of Organic Chemistry , University of Debrecen , Egyetem tér 1 , Debrecen 4032 , Hungary
| | - Ferhat Can Özkaya
- Faculty of Fisheries , İzmir Katip Çelebi University , Çiğli, 35620 İzmir , Turkey
| | - Werner E G Müller
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry , Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz , 55128 Mainz , Germany
| | - Matthias U Kassack
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry , Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf , Universitätsstrasse 1 , 40225 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Alexandra Hamacher
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry , Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf , Universitätsstrasse 1 , 40225 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Wenhan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs , Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology , Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf , Universitätsstrasse 1 , 40225 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Peter Proksch
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology , Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf , Universitätsstrasse 1 , 40225 Düsseldorf , Germany
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Selegato DM, Freire RT, Pilon AC, Biasetto CR, de Oliveira HC, de Abreu LM, Araujo AR, da Silva Bolzani V, Castro-Gamboa I. Improvement of bioactive metabolite production in microbial cultures-A systems approach by OSMAC and deconvolution-based 1 HNMR quantification. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2019; 57:458-471. [PMID: 30993742 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally, the screening of metabolites in microbial matrices is performed by monocultures. Nonetheless, the absence of biotic and abiotic interactions generally observed in nature still limit the chemical diversity and leads to "poorer" chemical profiles. Nowadays, several methods have been developed to determine the conditions under which cryptic genes are activated, in an attempt to induce these silenced biosynthetic pathways. Among those, the one strain, many compounds (OSMAC) strategy has been applied to enhance metabolic production by a systematic variation of growth parameters. The complexity of the chemical profiles from OSMAC experiments has required increasingly robust and accurate techniques. In this sense, deconvolution-based 1 HNMR quantification have emerged as a promising methodology to decrease complexity and provide a comprehensive perspective for metabolomics studies. Our present work shows an integrated strategy for the increased production and rapid quantification of compounds from microbial sources. Specifically, an OSMAC design of experiments (DoE) was used to optimize the microbial production of bioactive fusaric acid, cytochalasin D and 3-nitropropionic acid, and Global Spectral Deconvolution (GSD)-based 1 HNMR quantification was carried out for their measurement. The results showed that OSMAC increased the production of the metabolites by up to 33% and that GSD was able to extract accurate NMR integrals even in heavily coalescence spectral regions. Moreover, GSD-1 HNMR quantification was reproducible for all species and exhibited validated results that were more selective and accurate than comparative methods. Overall, this strategy up-regulated important metabolites using a reduced number of experiments and provided fast analyte monitor directly in raw extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Medeiros Selegato
- Nucleus of Bioassays, Biosynthesis and Ecophysiology of natural products (NuBBE), Organic Chemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Alan César Pilon
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos (NPPNS), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, São Paulo University (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Rabal Biasetto
- Nucleus of Bioassays, Biosynthesis and Ecophysiology of natural products (NuBBE), Organic Chemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Haroldo Cesar de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Micologia Clínica, Núcleo de Proteômica, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Angela Regina Araujo
- Nucleus of Bioassays, Biosynthesis and Ecophysiology of natural products (NuBBE), Organic Chemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vanderlan da Silva Bolzani
- Nucleus of Bioassays, Biosynthesis and Ecophysiology of natural products (NuBBE), Organic Chemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ian Castro-Gamboa
- Nucleus of Bioassays, Biosynthesis and Ecophysiology of natural products (NuBBE), Organic Chemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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Zhang PP, Song S, Lang JJ, Jia CX, Yan SJ, Liu L, Chen SH, Li J. A new diphenolic metabolite isolated from the marine-derived fungus Aspergillus niger 102. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2019; 21:813-819. [PMID: 29962231 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2018.1488830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A new diphenolic derivative asperdiphenol A (1), along with nine known compounds (2-10), was isolated from the marine-derived fungus Aspergillus niger 102. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis including NMR and MS spectrometry. Compound 1 was suggested to be a chiral mixture by the specific rotation and chiral HPLC. Compound 1 was evaluated for its anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and cytotoxic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan-Pan Zhang
- a School of Marine Sciences , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Shuang Song
- a School of Marine Sciences , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Jia-Jia Lang
- c School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Chun-Xiu Jia
- c School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Su-Jun Yan
- c School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Lan Liu
- a School of Marine Sciences , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
- b Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules from Oceanic Microorganisms, Department of Education of Guangdong Province , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Sen-Hua Chen
- a School of Marine Sciences , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Jing Li
- a School of Marine Sciences , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
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Oda S, Nomura S, Nakagawa M, Shin-Ya K, Kagaya N, Kawahara T. Solid-liquid Interface Screening SystemーApplication to the Screening of Antibiotic and Cytotoxic Substance-producing Fungi. Biocontrol Sci 2019; 24:47-56. [PMID: 30880313 DOI: 10.4265/bio.24.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
A useful tool for the screening of fungi producing biologically active secondary metabolites such as antibiotics and cytotoxic substances has been developed. An agar plate-organic solvent interface cultivation (A/S-IFC) system, which comprised a hydrophobic organic solvent (upper phase) , a fungal mat (middle phase) and an agar plate (lower phase) , was constructed. The metabolite profiles were compared among the A/S-IFC, a traditional submerged cultivation (SmC) and an extractive liquid surface immobilization (Ext-LSI) system consisted of a hydrophobic solvent (upper phase) , a fungal cells-ballooned microspheres (middle phase) and a liquid medium (lower phase) , with high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector (HPLC-PDA) . In the A/S-IFC, many hydrophobic metabolites vastly different from those in the SmC were accumulated in the organic phase as with the Ext-LSI. For example, a valuable azaphilone, sclerotiorin, was remarkably produced into the organic phase in the A/S-IFC. The A/S-IFC was applied to the screening of antibiotic-producing fungi. As a result of paper disk method, it was found that 321 isolated among 811 strains produced antifungal metabolites (hit rate, 39.6%) . Furthermore, 8, 23, and 30 strains also produced cytotoxic metabolites against SKOV-3 (human ovary adenocarcinoma) , MESO-1 (human malignant pleural mesothelioma) , and Jurkat cells (immortalized human T lymphocyte) .
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinobu Oda
- Genome Biotechnology Laboratory, Kanazawa Institute of Technology.,Integrated Technology Research Center of Medicinal Science and Engineering, Kanazawa Institute of Technology
| | - Seiya Nomura
- Genome Biotechnology Laboratory, Kanazawa Institute of Technology
| | - Manami Nakagawa
- Genome Biotechnology Laboratory, Kanazawa Institute of Technology
| | - Kazuo Shin-Ya
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science andTechnology (AIST)
| | - Noritaka Kagaya
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science andTechnology (AIST)
| | - Teppei Kawahara
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science andTechnology (AIST).,Faculty of Life Science, Kumamoto University
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Oberlies NH, Knowles SL, Amrine CSM, Kao D, Kertesz V, Raja HA. Droplet probe: coupling chromatography to the in situ evaluation of the chemistry of nature. Nat Prod Rep 2019; 36:944-959. [PMID: 31112181 PMCID: PMC6640111 DOI: 10.1039/c9np00019d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to 2019The chemistry of nature can be beautiful, inspiring, beneficial and poisonous, depending on perspective. Since the isolation of the first secondary metabolites roughly two centuries ago, much of the chemical research on natural products has been both reductionist and static. Typically, compounds were isolated and characterized from the extract of an entire organism from a single time point. While there could be subtexts to that approach, the general premise has been to determine the chemistry with very little in the way of tools to differentiate spatial and/or temporal changes in secondary metabolite profiles. However, the past decade has seen exponential advances in our ability to observe, measure, and visualize the chemistry of nature in situ. Many of those techniques have been reviewed in this journal, and most are tapping into the power of mass spectrometry to analyze a plethora of sample types. In nearly all of the other techniques used to study chemistry in situ, the element of chromatography has been eliminated, instead using various ionization sources to coax ions of the secondary metabolites directly into the mass spectrometer as a mixture. Much of that science has been driven by the great advances in ambient ionization techniques used with a suite of mass spectrometry platforms, including the alphabet soup from DESI to LAESI to MALDI. This review discusses the one in situ analysis technique that incorporates chromatography, being the droplet-liquid microjunction-surface sampling probe, which is more easily termed "droplet probe". In addition to comparing and contrasting the droplet probe with other techniques, we provide perspective on why scientists, particularly those steeped in natural products chemistry training, may want to include chromatography in in situ analyses. Moreover, we provide justification for droplet sampling, especially for samples with delicate and/or non-uniform topographies. Furthermore, while the droplet probe has been used the most in the analysis of fungal cultures, we digest a variety of other applications, ranging from cyanobacteria, to plant parts, and even delicate documents, such as herbarium specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas H Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA.
| | - Sonja L Knowles
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA.
| | - Chiraz Soumia M Amrine
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA.
| | - Diana Kao
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA.
| | - Vilmos Kertesz
- Mass Spectrometry and Laser Spectroscopy Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Huzefa A Raja
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA.
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Morales-Sánchez V, Fe Andrés M, Díaz CE, González-Coloma A. Factors Affecting the Metabolite Productions in Endophytes: Biotechnological Approaches for Production of Metabolites. Curr Med Chem 2019; 27:1855-1873. [PMID: 31241432 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190626154421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Since 1980, many species and different strains from endophytic genera of Phomopsis, Fusarium, Pestaliopsis and Aspergillus have been studied because of their ability to produce medicinal compounds found in their host plants. Some of these medicinal agents such as Taxol, Brefeldine A, Camptothecin and Podophyllotoxin are being produced in large-scale after an optimization process. However, the potential of fungal endophytes to produce host-like medicinal compounds remains largely unexplored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Fe Andrés
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, CSIC, Serrano 115-dpdo, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Carmen Elisa Díaz
- Instituto de Productos naturales y Agrobiologia, CSIC. Avda. Astrofísico F. Sanchez, 3. 38206 La Laguna, Tenertife, Spain
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Si YY, Tang MX, Lin S, Chen G, Hua HM, Bai J, Wang YB, Wang HF, Pei YH. 2-Methyl-versiquinazoline C, a new fumiquinazoline-type alkaloid from the fungus Aspergillus flavipes PJ03-11. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2019; 21:528-534. [PMID: 29693414 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2018.1463999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A new fumiquinazoline-type alkaloid 2-methyl-versiquinazoline C (1), together with six known compounds (2-7), was isolated from Aspergillus flavipes PJ03-11 using OSMAC method. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis, and the absolute configuration of compound 1 was determined by the experimental and calculated ECD data. In addition, the cytotoxic activities against three human cancer cell lines (HL-60, THP-1, and PC-3) were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ying Si
- a School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
- b Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Ming-Xu Tang
- a School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
- b Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Shuang Lin
- a School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
- b Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Gang Chen
- a School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
- b Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Hui-Ming Hua
- a School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
- b Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Jiao Bai
- a School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
- b Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Yu-Bo Wang
- a School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
- b Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education , Shenyang 110016 , China
- c School of Pharmacy , Jinzhou Medical University , Jinzhou 121001 , China
| | - Hai-Feng Wang
- a School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
- b Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Yue-Hu Pei
- a School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
- b Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education , Shenyang 110016 , China
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A Novel AdpA Homologue Negatively Regulates Morphological Differentiation in Streptomyces xiamenensis 318. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:AEM.03107-18. [PMID: 30683747 DOI: 10.1128/aem.03107-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The pleiotropic transcriptional regulator AdpA positively controls morphological differentiation and regulates secondary metabolism in most Streptomyces species. Streptomyces xiamenensis 318 has a linear chromosome 5.96 Mb in size. How AdpA affects secondary metabolism and morphological differentiation in such a naturally minimized genomic background is unknown. Here, we demonstrated that AdpA Sx , an AdpA orthologue in S. xiamenensis, negatively regulates cell growth and sporulation and bidirectionally regulates the biosynthesis of xiamenmycin and polycyclic tetramate macrolactams (PTMs) in S. xiamenensis 318. Overexpression of the adpASx gene in S. xiamenensis 318 had negative effects on morphological differentiation and resulted in reduced transcription of putative ssgA, ftsZ, ftsH, amfC, whiB, wblA1, wblA2, wblE, and a gene encoding sporulation-associated protein (sxim_29740), whereas the transcription of putative bldD and bldA genes was upregulated. Overexpression of adpASx led to significantly enhanced production of xiamenmycin but had detrimental effects on the production of PTMs. As expected, the transcriptional level of the xim gene cluster was upregulated, whereas the PTM gene cluster was downregulated. Moreover, AdpA Sx negatively regulated the transcription of its own gene. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed that AdpA Sx can bind the promoter regions of structural genes of both the xim and PTM gene clusters as well as to the promoter regions of genes potentially involved in the cell growth and differentiation of S. xiamenensis 318. We report that an AdpA homologue has negative effects on morphological differentiation in S. xiamenensis 318, a finding confirmed when AdpA Sx was introduced into the heterologous host Streptomyces lividans TK24.IMPORTANCE AdpA is a key regulator of secondary metabolism and morphological differentiation in Streptomyces species. However, AdpA had not been reported to negatively regulate morphological differentiation. Here, we characterized the regulatory role of AdpA Sx in Streptomyces xiamenensis 318, which has a naturally streamlined genome. In this strain, AdpA Sx negatively regulated cell growth and morphological differentiation by directly controlling genes associated with these functions. AdpA Sx also bidirectionally controlled the biosynthesis of xiamenmycin and PTMs by directly regulating their gene clusters rather than through other regulators. Our findings provide additional evidence for the versatility of AdpA in regulating morphological differentiation and secondary metabolism in Streptomyces.
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Abstract
One of the exciting movements in microbial sciences has been a refocusing and revitalization of efforts to mine the fungal secondary metabolome. The magnitude of biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) in a single filamentous fungal genome combined with the historic number of sequenced genomes suggests that the secondary metabolite wealth of filamentous fungi is largely untapped. Mining algorithms and scalable expression platforms have greatly expanded access to the chemical repertoire of fungal-derived secondary metabolites. In this Review, I discuss new insights into the transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of BGCs and the ecological roles of fungal secondary metabolites in warfare, defence and development. I also explore avenues for the identification of new fungal metabolites and the challenges in harvesting fungal-derived secondary metabolites.
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Pan R, Bai X, Chen J, Zhang H, Wang H. Exploring Structural Diversity of Microbe Secondary Metabolites Using OSMAC Strategy: A Literature Review. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:294. [PMID: 30863377 PMCID: PMC6399155 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial secondary metabolites (MSMs) have played and continue to play a highly significant role in the drug discovery and development process. Genetically, MSM chemical structures are biologically synthesized by microbial gene clusters. Recently, however, the speed of new bioactive MSM discovery has been slowing down due to consistent employment of conventional cultivation and isolation procedure. In order to alleviate this challenge, a number of new approaches have been developed. The strategy of one strain many compounds (OSMAC) has been shown as a simple and powerful tool that can activate many silent biogenetic gene clusters in microorganisms to make more natural products. This review highlights important and successful examples using OSMAC approaches, which covers changing medium composition and cultivation status, co-cultivation with other strain(s), adding enzyme inhibitor(s) and MSM biosynthetic precursor(s). Available evidences had shown that variation of cultivation condition is the most effective way to produce more MSMs and facilitate the discovery of new therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuelian Bai
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huawei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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