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Giannubilo SR, Cecati M, Marzioni D, Ciavattini A. Circulating miRNAs and Preeclampsia: From Implantation to Epigenetics. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1418. [PMID: 38338700 PMCID: PMC10855731 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In this review, we comprehensively present the literature on circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with preeclampsia, a pregnancy-specific disease considered the primary reason for maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity. miRNAs are single-stranded non-coding RNAs, 20-24 nt long, which control mRNA expression. Changes in miRNA expression can induce a variation in the relative mRNA level and influence cellular homeostasis, and the strong presence of miRNAs in all body fluids has made them useful biomarkers of several diseases. Preeclampsia is a multifactorial disease, but the etiopathogenesis remains unclear. The functions of trophoblasts, including differentiation, proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis, are essential for a successful pregnancy. During the early stages of placental development, trophoblasts are strictly regulated by several molecular pathways; however, an imbalance in these molecular pathways can lead to severe placental lesions and pregnancy complications. We then discuss the role of miRNAs in trophoblast invasion and in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and prediction of preeclampsia. We also discuss the potential role of miRNAs from an epigenetic perspective with possible future therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Monia Cecati
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy; (S.R.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Daniela Marzioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Andrea Ciavattini
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy; (S.R.G.); (A.C.)
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2
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Gumina DL, Su EJ. Mechanistic insights into the development of severe fetal growth restriction. Clin Sci (Lond) 2023; 137:679-695. [PMID: 37186255 PMCID: PMC10241202 DOI: 10.1042/cs20220284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Fetal growth restriction (FGR), which most commonly results from suboptimal placental function, substantially increases risks for adverse perinatal and long-term outcomes. The only "treatment" that exists is delivery, which averts stillbirth but does not improve outcomes in survivors. Furthermore, the potential long-term consequences of FGR to the fetus, including cardiometabolic disorders, predispose these individuals to developing FGR in their future pregnancies. This creates a multi-generational cascade of adverse effects stemming from a single dysfunctional placenta, and understanding the mechanisms underlying placental-mediated FGR is critically important if we are to improve outcomes and overall health. The mechanisms behind FGR remain unknown. However, placental insufficiency derived from maldevelopment of the placental vascular systems is the most common etiology. To highlight important mechanistic interactions within the placenta, we focus on placental vascular development in the setting of FGR. We delve into fetoplacental angiogenesis, a robust and ongoing process in normal pregnancies that is impaired in severe FGR. We review cellular models of FGR, with special attention to fetoplacental angiogenesis, and we highlight novel integrin-extracellular matrix interactions that regulate placental angiogenesis in severe FGR. In total, this review focuses on key developmental processes, with specific focus on the human placenta, an underexplored area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane L Gumina
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, CO, U.S.A
| | - Emily J Su
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, CO, U.S.A
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3
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Wang D, Sun L, Zhang G, Liu Y, Liang Z, Zhao J, Yin S, Su M, Zhang S, Wei Y, Liu H, Liang D, Li Y. Increased Susceptibility of Atrial Fibrillation Induced by Hyperuricemia in Rats: Mechanisms and Implications. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2021; 21:192-205. [PMID: 33099748 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-020-09611-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
High levels of serum uric acid is closely associated with atrial fibrillation (AF); nonetheless, the detailed mechanisms remain unknown. Therefore, this work examined the intricate mechanisms of AF triggered by hyperuricemia and the impact of the uricosuric agent benzbromarone on atrial remodeling in hyperuricemic rats. After adjusting baseline serum uric acid levels, a total of 28 healthy male adult Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, namely, control (CTR), hyperuricemia (oxonic acid potassium salt, OXO) and benzbromarone (+ BBR), and OXO withdrawal groups. Primary rat cardiomyocytes were cultured with uric acid for 24 h to investigate the direct influence of uric acid on cardiomyocytes. Results revealed that AF vulnerability and AF duration were dramatically greater in hyperuricemic rats (OXO group), while the atrial effective refractory periods (AERPs) were significantly shorter. Meanwhile, BBR treatment and withdrawal of 2% OXO administration remarkably reduced AF inducibility and shortened AF duration. Moreover, abnormal morphology of atrial myocytes, atrial fibrosis, apoptosis, and substantial sympathetic nerve sprouting were observed in hyperuricemic rats. Apoptosis and fibrosis of atria were partly mediated by caspase-3, BAX, TGF-β1, and α-smooth muscle actin. Uric acid significantly induced primary rat cardiomyocyte apoptosis and fibrosis in vitro. Also, we found that sympathetic nerve sprouting was markedly upregulated in the atria of hyperuricemia rats, and was restored by BRB or absence of OXO administration. In summary, our study confirmed that AF induced by hyperuricemic rats occurred primarily via induction of atrial remodeling, thereby providing a novel potential treatment approach for hyperuricemia-related AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingyu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street 23#, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street 23#, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Guowei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street 23#, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street 23#, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Zhaoguang Liang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street 23#, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Cardiac Diseases and Heart Failure, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Shuangli Yin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street 23#, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Mengqi Su
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street 23#, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Song Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street 23#, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ying Wei
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street 23#, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - He Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street 23#, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Desen Liang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street 23#, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street 23#, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cardiac Diseases and Heart Failure, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.
- Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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4
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López-Tello J, Pérez-García V, Khaira J, Kusinski LC, Cooper WN, Andreani A, Grant I, Fernández de Liger E, Lam BY, Hemberger M, Sandovici I, Constancia M, Sferruzzi-Perri AN. Fetal and trophoblast PI3K p110α have distinct roles in regulating resource supply to the growing fetus in mice. eLife 2019; 8:45282. [PMID: 31241463 PMCID: PMC6634971 DOI: 10.7554/elife.45282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies suggest that placental nutrient supply adapts according to fetal demands. However, signaling events underlying placental adaptations remain unknown. Here we demonstrate that phosphoinositide 3-kinase p110α in the fetus and the trophoblast interplay to regulate placental nutrient supply and fetal growth. Complete loss of fetal p110α caused embryonic death, whilst heterozygous loss resulted in fetal growth restriction and impaired placental formation and nutrient transport. Loss of trophoblast p110α resulted in viable fetuses, abnormal placental development and a failure of the placenta to transport sufficient nutrients to match fetal demands for growth. Using RNA-seq we identified genes downstream of p110α in the trophoblast that are important in adapting placental phenotype. Using CRISPR/Cas9 we showed loss of p110α differentially affects gene expression in trophoblast and embryonic stem cells. Our findings reveal important, but distinct roles for p110α in the different compartments of the conceptus, which control fetal resource acquisition and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge López-Tello
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Vicente Pérez-García
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Epigenetics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jaspreet Khaira
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Laura C Kusinski
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Metabolic Research Laboratories, MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Rosie Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Wendy N Cooper
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Rosie Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Andreani
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Imogen Grant
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Edurne Fernández de Liger
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Brian Yh Lam
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Rosie Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Myriam Hemberger
- Epigenetics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Ionel Sandovici
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Metabolic Research Laboratories, MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Rosie Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Miguel Constancia
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Metabolic Research Laboratories, MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Rosie Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda N Sferruzzi-Perri
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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5
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Ohmaru-Nakanishi T, Asanoma K, Fujikawa M, Fujita Y, Yagi H, Onoyama I, Hidaka N, Sonoda K, Kato K. Fibrosis in Preeclamptic Placentas Is Associated with Stromal Fibroblasts Activated by the Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Signaling Pathway. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2018; 188:683-695. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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6
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Kato Y, Oyen ML, Burton GJ. Villous Tree Model with Active Contractions for Estimating Blood Flow Conditions in the Human Placenta. Open Biomed Eng J 2017; 11:36-48. [PMID: 28567130 PMCID: PMC5418916 DOI: 10.2174/1874120701711010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In the human placenta, maternal and fetal bloods exchange substances through the surface of the villous trees: the fetal blood circulates in the villous trees, around which the maternal blood circulates. The blood flows directly influence fetal growth. Stem villi, the main supports of the villous tree, have contractile cells along the axes, whose contractions are expected to influence the blood circulations in the placenta. The displacement is neither measurable nor predictable while non-invasive measurements such as umbilical Doppler waveforms are helpful to predict the histological changes of the villous trees and vascularization in the placenta. Objective: The displacement caused by the contraction of the villous tree is necessary to predict the blood flows in the placenta. Hence, a computational villous tree model, which actively contracts, was developed in this study. Method: The villous tree model was based on the previous reports: shear moduli of the human placenta; branching patterns in the stem villi. The displacement pattern in the placenta was estimated by the computational model when the shear elastic moduli were changed. Results: The results show that the displacement caused by the contraction was influenced by the shear elastic moduli, but kept useful for the blood flows in the placenta. The characteristics agreed with the robustness of the blood flows in the placenta. Conclusion: The villous tree model, which actively contracts, was developed in this study. The combination of this computational model and non-invasive measurements will be useful to evaluate the condition of the placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Kato
- Faculty of Engineering, Tohoku Gakuin University, Tagajo, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Michelle L Oyen
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Graham J Burton
- Centre for Trophoblast Research and Development Physiology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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7
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Bao J, Liu Y, Yang J, Gao Q, Shi SQ, Garfield RE, Liu H. Nicotine inhibits LPS-induced cytokine production and leukocyte infiltration in rat placenta. Placenta 2016; 39:77-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2016.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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8
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Goteri G, Altobelli E, Tossetta G, Zizzi A, Avellini C, Licini C, Lorenzi T, Castellucci M, Ciavattini A, Marzioni D. High temperature requirement A1, transforming growth factor beta1, phosphoSmad2 and Ki67 in eutopic and ectopic endometrium of women with endometriosis. Eur J Histochem 2015; 59:2570. [PMID: 26708185 PMCID: PMC4698617 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2015.2570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence supports the hypothesis that TGFb1 signalling may be mediated by high temperature requirement A1 (HtrA1) serine protease, acting on important regulatory mechanisms such as cell proliferation and mobility. Evidence is now accumulating to suggest that HtrA1 is involved in the development and progression of several pathologies. The aim of this study was to evaluate: i) if HtrA1 and TGFb1 expressions differ in eutopic and ectopic endometrium in women with endometriosis; ii) if HtrA1 correlates to TGFb1, pSmad and Ki67. This study was carried out including 10 women with ovarian endometriosis (cases) and 10 women with non endometriotic diseases (controls). Endometrial tissue underwent immunohistochemical H-score analysis for HtrA1, TGFb1, pSmad and Ki67 molecules. Data evaluation was performed by a nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman correlation was applied to evaluate the relationship among the molecules investigated in the epithelial and in the stromal compartment. The HtrA1 was significant decreased in ectopic and eutopic endometrium of women with endometriosis when compared with control endometrium in epithelial compartment. TGFb1was significantly increased in eutopic endometrium and decreased in ectopic endometrium in epithelial and stromal compartment. In addition, Ki67 was significant increased and an increase, but not significant, was detected for pSMAd2 in eutopic and ectopic endometrium compared to control one. In summary, the significant direct correlation between TGFb1 and pSmad2 as well as between HtrA1 and TGFb1 and the very significant increase of Ki67 in stromal compartment of eutopic endometrium suggest a possible involvement of HtrA1 in the pathogenesis of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Goteri
- Università Politecnica delle Marche.
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9
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Pianta S, Magatti M, Vertua E, Bonassi Signoroni P, Muradore I, Nuzzo AM, Rolfo A, Silini A, Quaglia F, Todros T, Parolini O. Amniotic mesenchymal cells from pre-eclamptic placentae maintain immunomodulatory features as healthy controls. J Cell Mol Med 2015; 20:157-69. [PMID: 26515425 PMCID: PMC4717851 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Pre‐eclampsia (PE) is one of the most severe syndromes in human pregnancy, and the underlying mechanisms of PE have yet to be determined. Pre‐eclampsia is characterized by the alteration of the immune system's activation status, an increase in inflammatory Th1/Th17/APC cells, and a decrease in Th2/Treg subsets/cytokines. Moreover, inflammatory infiltrates have been detected in the amniotic membranes of pre‐eclamptic placentae, and to this date limited data are available regarding the role of amniotic membrane cells in PE. Interestingly, we and others have previously shown that human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells (hAMSC) possess anti‐inflammatory properties towards almost all immune cells described to be altered in PE. In this study we investigated whether the immunomodulatory properties of hAMSC were altered in PE. We performed a comprehensive study of cell phenotype and investigated the in vitro immunomodulatory properties of hAMSC isolated from pre‐eclamptic pregnancies (PE‐hAMSC), comparing them to hAMSC from normal pregnancies (N‐hAMSC). We demonstrate that PE‐hAMSC inhibit CD4/CD8 T‐cell proliferation, suppress Th1/Th2/Th17 polarization, induce Treg and block dendritic cells and M1 differentiation switching them to M2 cells. Notably, PE‐hAMSC generated a more prominent induction of Treg and higher suppression of interferon‐γ when compared to N‐hAMSC, and this was associated with higher transforming growth factor‐β1 secretion and PD‐L2/PD‐L1 expression in PE‐hAMSC. In conclusion, for the first time we demonstrate that there is no intrinsic impairment of the immunomodulatory features of PE‐hAMSC. Our results suggest that amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells do not contribute to the disease, but conversely, could participate in offsetting the inflammatory environment which characterizes PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Pianta
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza-Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy.,Doctoral School of Translational and Molecular Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Magatti
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza-Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elsa Vertua
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza-Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Ivan Muradore
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza-Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Nuzzo
- Department of Surgical Sciences, O.I.R.M.-S. Anna Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rolfo
- Department of Surgical Sciences, O.I.R.M.-S. Anna Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonietta Silini
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza-Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
| | - Federico Quaglia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fondazione Poliambulanza-Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
| | - Tullia Todros
- Department of Surgical Sciences, O.I.R.M.-S. Anna Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Ornella Parolini
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza-Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
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10
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Hromadnikova I, Kotlabova K, Ondrackova M, Pirkova P, Kestlerova A, Novotna V, Hympanova L, Krofta L. Expression profile of C19MC microRNAs in placental tissue in pregnancy-related complications. DNA Cell Biol 2015; 34:437-57. [PMID: 25825993 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2014.2687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To demonstrate that pregnancy-related complications are associated with alterations in placental microRNA expression. Gene expression of 15 C19MC microRNAs (miR-512-5p, miR-515-5p, miR-516-5p, miR-517-5p, miR-518b, miR-518f-5p, miR-519a, miR-519d, miR-519e-5p, miR-520a-5p, miR-520h, miR-524-5p, miR-525, miR-526a, and miR-526b) was assessed in placental tissues, compared between groups (21 gestational hypertension [GH], 63 preeclampsia, 36 fetal growth restriction [FGR], and 42 normal pregnancies), and correlated with the severity of the disease with respect to clinical signs, delivery date, and Doppler ultrasound parameters. The expression profile of microRNAs was different between pregnancy-related complications and controls. The downregulation of 4 of 15 (miR-517-5p, miR-519d, miR-520a-5p, and miR-525), 6 of 15 (miR-517-5p, miR-518f-5p, miR-519a, miR-519d, miR-520a-5p, and miR-525), and 11 of 15 (miR-515-5p, miR-517-5p, miR-518b, miR-518f-5p, miR-519a, miR-519d, miR-520a-5p, miR-520h, miR-524-5p, miR-525, and miR-526a) microRNAs was associated with GH, FGR, and preeclampsia, respectively. Sudden onset of severe preeclampsia requiring immediate termination of gestation and mild forms of preeclampsia (persisting for several weeks) were associated with similar microRNA expression profile (downregulation of miR-517-5p, miR-520a-5p, miR-524-5p, and miR-525). In addition, miR-519a was found to be associated with severe preeclampsia. The longer the pregnancy-related disorder lasted, the more extensive was the downregulation of microRNAs (miR-515-5p, miR-518b, miR-518f-5p, miR-519d, and miR-520h). The downregulation of some C19MC microRNAs is a common phenomenon shared between GH, preeclampsia, and FGR. On the other hand, some of the C19MC microRNAs are only downregulated just in preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Hromadnikova
- 1Department of Molecular Biology and Cell Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Kotlabova
- 1Department of Molecular Biology and Cell Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Ondrackova
- 1Department of Molecular Biology and Cell Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Pirkova
- 1Department of Molecular Biology and Cell Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Kestlerova
- 2Institute for the Care of Mother and Child, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Novotna
- 2Institute for the Care of Mother and Child, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Hympanova
- 1Department of Molecular Biology and Cell Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,2Institute for the Care of Mother and Child, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Krofta
- 2Institute for the Care of Mother and Child, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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11
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Rab A, Szentpéterib I, Kornyac L, Börzsönyid B, Demendid C, Valent S, Zsom L, Hejja H, Joóf JG. Placental gene expression of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) in small for gestational age newborns. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2014; 28:1701-5. [PMID: 25266958 DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2014.966673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The gene expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) in human placental samples obtained from pregnancies with small for gestational age fetuses (SGA) was compared to those of normal pregnancies. METHODS In 2011 placental samples from 101 pregnancies with SGA and from 140 normal pregnancies were obtained for analysis of TGF-β1 gene expression. Several clinical parameters were also assessed for correlation between genetic and clinical parameters. RESULTS There were no significant differences in gene activity of the TGF-β1 gene between the SGA versus normal pregnancy groups (Ln2α: 0.16; p = 0.07). Within the SGA group, no fetal gender-dependent differences were seen in TGF-β1 gene expression (Ln2α: −0.11; p = 0.05). Similarly, no significant differences in gene activity were observed by the degree of severity of SGA as assessed by percentile fetal birth-weight (Ln2α: 0.32; p = 0.06). CONCLUSION We found no change in gene expression of TGF-β1 in placental samples obtained from SGA pregnancies versus normal pregnancy suggesting an absence of a direct role of the TGF-β1 gene in the development of SGA. However, the absence of increased gene expression of TGF-β1 in SGA can be conceptualized as a failure to mount a compensatory response in the SGA environment.
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12
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Rolfo A, Giuffrida D, Nuzzo AM, Pierobon D, Cardaropoli S, Piccoli E, Giovarelli M, Todros T. Pro-inflammatory profile of preeclamptic placental mesenchymal stromal cells: new insights into the etiopathogenesis of preeclampsia. PLoS One 2013; 8:e59403. [PMID: 23527185 PMCID: PMC3602067 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The objective of the present study was to evaluate whether placental mesenchymal stromal cells (PDMSCs) derived from normal and preeclamptic (PE) chorionic villous tissue presented differences in their cytokines expression profiles. Moreover, we investigated the effects of conditioned media from normal and PE-PDMSCs on the expression of pro-inflammatory Macrophage migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), soluble FMS-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) and free β-human Chorionic Gonadotropin (βhCG) by normal term villous explants. This information will help to understand whether anomalies in PE-PDMSCs could cause or contribute to the anomalies typical of preeclampsia. METHODS Chorionic villous PDMSCs were isolated from severe preeclamptic (n = 12) and physiological control term (n = 12) placentae. Control and PE-PDMSCs's cytokines expression profiles were determined by Cytokine Array. Control and PE-PDMSCs were plated for 72 h and conditioned media (CM) was collected. Physiological villous explants (n = 48) were treated with control or PE-PDMSCs CM for 72 h and processed for mRNA and protein isolation. MIF, VEGF and sFlt-1 mRNA and protein expression were analyzed by Real Time PCR and Western Blot respectively. Free βhCG was assessed by immunofluorescent. RESULTS Cytokine array showed increased release of pro-inflammatory cytokines by PE relative to control PDMSCs. Physiological explants treated with PE-PDMSCs CM showed significantly increased MIF and sFlt-1 expression relative to untreated and control PDMSCs CM explants. Interestingly, both control and PE-PDMSCs media induced VEGF mRNA increase while only normal PDMSCs media promoted VEGF protein accumulation. PE-PDMSCs CM explants released significantly increased amounts of free βhCG relative to normal PDMSCs CM ones. CONCLUSIONS Herein, we reported elevated production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by PE-PDMSCs. Importantly, PE PDMSCs induced a PE-like phenotype in physiological villous explants. Our data clearly depict chorionic mesenchymal stromal cells as central players in placental physiopathology, thus opening to new intriguing perspectives for the treatment of human placental-related disorders as preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Rolfo
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
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Fetal concentrations of the growth factors TGF-α and TGF-β1 in relation to normal and restricted fetal growth at term. Cytokine 2012; 60:157-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2012.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2011] [Revised: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Todros T, Piccoli E, Rolfo A, Cardaropoli S, Guiot C, Gaglioti P, Oberto M, Vasario E, Caniggia I. Review: Feto-placental vascularization: a multifaceted approach. Placenta 2011; 32 Suppl 2:S165-9. [PMID: 21232791 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2010.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2010] [Revised: 12/16/2010] [Accepted: 12/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Doppler Ultrasound allows the in vivo study of feto-placental hemodynamics. Doppler flow velocity waveforms (FVW's) obtained from the umbilical arteries reflect downstream blood flow impedance, thus giving indirect evidence of vascular villous tree characteristics. Pulsatility Index, which quantifies FVW's, decreases throughout normal pregnancy, indicating decreasing impedance and is often higher in cases of fetal growth restriction (FGR). Different approaches (morphometrical, morphological, mathematical, immunohistochemical and molecular) have contributed to elucidation of which anomalies of the vascular villous tree underlie Doppler findings. 3D ultrasound may be useful in the study of feto-placental perfusion. However, the unsolved question is why developmental villous tree anomalies occur. Crucial to the success of future research is definition of the population studied based on the uniform and correct definition of FGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Todros
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
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Kim SY, Lim JH, Park SY, Yang JH, Kim MY, Kim MH, Ryu HM. ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Transforming Growth Factor-Beta1 Gene Polymorphisms in Korean Patients with Pre-eclampsia. Am J Reprod Immunol 2010; 63:291-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0897.2009.00795.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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