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Song Y, Zhang H, Liu S, Chang Y, Zhang Y, Feng H, Zhang X, Sun M, Sha W, Li Y, Dai S. Na2CO3-responsive mechanism insight from quantitative proteomics and SlRUB gene function in Salix linearistipularis seedlings. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 44:tpae011. [PMID: 38263488 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpae011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Mongolian willow (Salix linearistipularis) is a naturally occurring woody dioecious plant in the saline soils of north-eastern China, which has a high tolerance to alkaline salts. Although transcriptomics studies have identified a large number of salinity-responsive genes, the mechanism of salt tolerance in Mongolian willow is not clear. Here, we found that in response to Na2CO3 stress, Mongolian willow regulates osmotic homeostasis by accumulating proline and soluble sugars and scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS) by antioxidant enzymes and non-enzymatic antioxidants. Our quantitative proteomics study identified 154 salt-sensitive proteins mainly involved in maintaining the stability of the photosynthetic system and ROS homeostasis to cope with Na2CO3 stress. Among them, Na2CO3-induced rubredoxin (RUB) was predicted to be associated with 122 proteins for the modulation of these processes. The chloroplast-localized S. linearistipularis rubredoxin (SlRUB) was highly expressed in leaves and was significantly induced under Na2CO3 stress. Phenotypic analysis of overexpression, mutation and complementation materials of RUB in Arabidopsis suggests that SlRUB is critical for the regulation of photosynthesis, ROS scavenging and other metabolisms in the seedlings of Mongolian willow to cope with Na2CO3 stress. This provides more clues to better understand the alkali-responsive mechanism and RUB functions in the woody Mongolian willow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Song
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, No. 26 Hexing Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, No. 100 Guilin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, No. 100 Guilin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Shijia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, No. 26 Hexing Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, No. 100 Guilin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Yu Chang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, No. 26 Hexing Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yongxue Zhang
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, No. 100 Guilin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Huiting Feng
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, No. 26 Hexing Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xuebin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, No. 1 Jinming Avenue, Longting District, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Meihong Sun
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, No. 100 Guilin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Wei Sha
- College of Life Sciences and Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, No. 42 Wenhua Street, Jianhua District, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, No. 26 Hexing Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Shaojun Dai
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, No. 100 Guilin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200234, China
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Kononenko NV, Lazareva EM, Fedoreyeva LI. Mechanisms of Antioxidant Resistance in Different Wheat Genotypes under Salt Stress and Hypoxia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16878. [PMID: 38069196 PMCID: PMC10707134 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Various stressors lead to an increase in ROS and damage to plant tissues. Plants have a powerful antioxidant system (AOS), which allows them to neutralize excess ROS. We detected an intense fluorescent glow of ROS in the cells of the cap, meristem, and elongation zones in the roots of wheat Triticum aestivum (Orenburgskaya 22 variety) and Triticum durum (Zolotaya variety). An increase in ROS was accompanied by DNA breaks in the nuclei of wheat root cells, the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytoplasm, and the translocation of phosphatidylserine into the outer layer of the plasma membrane under salt stress and hypoxia. The different resistances of the two wheat varieties to different abiotic stresses were revealed. The soft wheat variety Orenburgskaya 22 showed high resistance to salt stress but sensitivity to hypoxia, and the durum wheat variety Zolotaya showed tolerance to hypoxia but high sensitivity to salt stress. Different activations of AOS components (GSH, MnSOD, Cu/ZnSOD, CAT, PX, GPX, and GST) were revealed in different wheat genotypes. The basis for the tolerance of the Zolotaya variety to hypoxia is the high content of glutathione (GSH) and the activation of glutathione-dependent enzymes. One of the mechanisms of high resistance to salt stress in the Orenburgskaya 22 variety is a decrease in the level of ROS as a result of the increased activity of the MnSOD and Cu/ZnSOD genes. Identifying the mechanisms of plant tolerance to abiotic stress is the most important task for improving breeding varieties of agricultural plants and increasing their yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neonila V. Kononenko
- All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Timiryazevskaya 42, 127550 Moscow, Russia; (N.V.K.); (E.M.L.)
| | - Elena M. Lazareva
- All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Timiryazevskaya 42, 127550 Moscow, Russia; (N.V.K.); (E.M.L.)
- Biological Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Larisa I. Fedoreyeva
- All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Timiryazevskaya 42, 127550 Moscow, Russia; (N.V.K.); (E.M.L.)
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Fiorillo A, Manai M, Visconti S, Camoni L. The Salt Tolerance-Related Protein (STRP) Is a Positive Regulator of the Response to Salt Stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1704. [PMID: 37111928 PMCID: PMC10145591 DOI: 10.3390/plants12081704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress is a major abiotic stress limiting plant survival and crop productivity. Plant adaptation to salt stress involves complex responses, including changes in gene expression, regulation of hormone signaling, and production of stress-responsive proteins. The Salt Tolerance-Related Protein (STRP) has been recently characterized as a Late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA)-like, intrinsically disordered protein involved in plant responses to cold stress. In addition, STRP has been proposed as a mediator of salt stress response in Arabidopsis thaliana, but its role has still to be fully clarified. Here, we investigated the role of STRP in salt stress responses in A. thaliana. The protein rapidly accumulates under salt stress due to a reduction of proteasome-mediated degradation. Physiological and biochemical responses of the strp mutant and STRP-overexpressing (STRP OE) plants demonstrate that salt stress impairs seed germination and seedling development more markedly in the strp mutant than in A. thaliana wild type (wt). At the same time, the inhibitory effect is significantly reduced in STRP OE plants. Moreover, the strp mutant has a lower ability to counteract oxidative stress, cannot accumulate the osmocompatible solute proline, and does not increase abscisic acid (ABA) levels in response to salinity stress. Accordingly, the opposite effect was observed in STRP OE plants. Overall, obtained results suggest that STRP performs its protective functions by reducing the oxidative burst induced by salt stress, and plays a role in the osmotic adjustment mechanisms required to preserve cellular homeostasis. These findings propose STRP as a critical component of the response mechanisms to saline stress in A. thaliana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Fiorillo
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.F.); (M.M.)
| | - Michela Manai
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.F.); (M.M.)
- Ph.D. Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Sabina Visconti
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.F.); (M.M.)
| | - Lorenzo Camoni
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.F.); (M.M.)
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Jańczak-Pieniążek M, Migut D, Piechowiak T, Balawejder M. Assessment of the Impact of the Application of a Quercetin-Copper Complex on the Course of Physiological and Biochemical Processes in Wheat Plants ( Triticum aestivum L.) Growing under Saline Conditions. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071141. [PMID: 35406704 PMCID: PMC8997712 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Salt stress is one of the main stressors limiting plant growth and yield. As a result of salt stress, unfavorable changes in the photosynthesis process take place, leading to a decrease in plant productivity. Therefore, it is necessary to use biologically active substances that reduce the effects of this stress. An example of such a substance is quercetin, classified as a flavonoid, which plays an important role in alleviating the effects of salt stress, mainly by the inactivation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and by improvement of the photosynthesis process. A study was made of the effect of the quercetin–copper complex (Q-Cu (II)), which has a stronger antioxidant effect than pure quercetin. By means of a pot experiment, the influence of solutions of the Q-Cu (II) complex (100 mg∙L−1 [Q1], 500 mg∙L−1 [Q2] and 1000 mg∙L−1 [Q3]) on the physiological and biochemical processes occurring in wheat plants subjected to salt stress was investigated. The plants were given two sprays of Q-Cu (II) solution, and their physiological parameters were examined both 1 and 7 days after each application of this solution. The level of ROS and the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase [CAT], superoxide dismutase [SOD] and guaiacol peroxidase [GPOX]) were also determined. It has been shown that spraying with Q2 and Q3 solutions improves the chlorophyll content, the values of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (the photochemical efficiency of PS II [Fv/Fm], the maximum quantum yield of primary photochemistry [Fv/F0], and the performance index of PS II [PI]), and gas exchange (net photosynthetic rate [Pn], stomatal conductance [gs], transpiration rate [E] and intercellular CO2 concentration [Ci]). As a result of the application of Q2 and Q3 solutions, the level of ROS and the activity of the antioxidant enzymes tested decreased, which means that these concentrations are most effective in counteracting the effects of salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Jańczak-Pieniążek
- Department of Crop Production, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Dagmara Migut
- Department of Crop Production, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Piechowiak
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, University of Rzeszow, Ćwiklińskiej 1A, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland; (T.P.); (M.B.)
| | - Maciej Balawejder
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, University of Rzeszow, Ćwiklińskiej 1A, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland; (T.P.); (M.B.)
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Athar HUR, Zulfiqar F, Moosa A, Ashraf M, Zafar ZU, Zhang L, Ahmed N, Kalaji HM, Nafees M, Hossain MA, Islam MS, El Sabagh A, Siddique KHM. Salt stress proteins in plants: An overview. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:999058. [PMID: 36589054 PMCID: PMC9800898 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.999058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Salinity stress is considered the most devastating abiotic stress for crop productivity. Accumulating different types of soluble proteins has evolved as a vital strategy that plays a central regulatory role in the growth and development of plants subjected to salt stress. In the last two decades, efforts have been undertaken to critically examine the genome structure and functions of the transcriptome in plants subjected to salinity stress. Although genomics and transcriptomics studies indicate physiological and biochemical alterations in plants, it do not reflect changes in the amount and type of proteins corresponding to gene expression at the transcriptome level. In addition, proteins are a more reliable determinant of salt tolerance than simple gene expression as they play major roles in shaping physiological traits in salt-tolerant phenotypes. However, little information is available on salt stress-responsive proteins and their possible modes of action in conferring salinity stress tolerance. In addition, a complete proteome profile under normal or stress conditions has not been established yet for any model plant species. Similarly, a complete set of low abundant and key stress regulatory proteins in plants has not been identified. Furthermore, insufficient information on post-translational modifications in salt stress regulatory proteins is available. Therefore, in recent past, studies focused on exploring changes in protein expression under salt stress, which will complement genomic, transcriptomic, and physiological studies in understanding mechanism of salt tolerance in plants. This review focused on recent studies on proteome profiling in plants subjected to salinity stress, and provide synthesis of updated literature about how salinity regulates various salt stress proteins involved in the plant salt tolerance mechanism. This review also highlights the recent reports on regulation of salt stress proteins using transgenic approaches with enhanced salt stress tolerance in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib-ur-Rehman Athar
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Faisal Zulfiqar
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Faisal Zulfiqar, ; Kadambot H. M. Siddique,
| | - Anam Moosa
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zafar Ullah Zafar
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Lixin Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Nadeem Ahmed
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Department of Botany, Mohy-ud-Din Islamic University, Nerian Sharif, Pakistan
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Muhammad Nafees
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Anwar Hossain
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Sohidul Islam
- Department of Agronomy, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
| | - Ayman El Sabagh
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops, Siirt University, Siirt, Türkiye
- Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Kadambot H. M. Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Petrth WA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Faisal Zulfiqar, ; Kadambot H. M. Siddique,
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Farhat N, Kouas W, Braun HP, Debez A. Stability of thylakoid protein complexes and preserving photosynthetic efficiency are crucial for the successful recovery of the halophyte Cakile maritima from high salinity. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 166:177-190. [PMID: 34116337 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plants native to extreme habitats often face changes in environmental conditions such as salinity level and water availability. In response, plants have evolved efficient mechanisms allowing them to survive or recover. In the present work, effects of high salinity and salt-stress release were studied on the halophyte Cakile maritima. Four week-old plants were either cultivated at 0 mM NaCl or 200 mM NaCl. After one month of treatment, plants were further irrigated at either 0 mM NaCl, 200 mM NaCl, or rewatered to 0 mM NaCl (stress release). Upon salt stress, C. maritima plants exhibited reduced biomass production and shoot hydration which were associated with a decrease in the amount of chlorophyll a and b. However, under the same stressful conditions a significant increase of anthocyanin and malonyldialdehyde concentrations was noticed. Salt-stressed plants were able to maintain stable protein complexes of thylakoid membranes. Measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence and P700 redox state showed that PSI was more susceptible for damage by salinity than PSII. PSII machinery was significantly enhanced under saline conditions. All measured parameters were partially restored under salt-stress release conditions. Photoinhibition of PSI was also reversible and C. maritima was able to successfully re-establish PSI machinery indicating the high contribution of chloroplasts in salt tolerance mechanisms of C. maritima. Overall, to overcome high salinity stress, C. maritima sets a cascade of physio-biochemical and molecular pathways. Chloroplasts seem to act as metabolic centers as part of this adaptive process enabling growth restoration in this halophyte following salt stress release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nèjia Farhat
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, (CBBC), P. O. Box 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia; Department of Plant Proteomics, Institute of Plant Genetics, Leibniz University of Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Wafa Kouas
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, (CBBC), P. O. Box 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Hans-Peter Braun
- Department of Plant Proteomics, Institute of Plant Genetics, Leibniz University of Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ahmed Debez
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, (CBBC), P. O. Box 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia; Department of Plant Proteomics, Institute of Plant Genetics, Leibniz University of Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany
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Liang Y, Li D, Chen Y, Cheng J, Zhao G, Fahima T, Yan J. Selenium mitigates salt-induced oxidative stress in durum wheat ( Triticum durum Desf.) seedlings by modulating chlorophyll fluorescence, osmolyte accumulation, and antioxidant system. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:368. [PMID: 32832329 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02358-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroponic experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of different concentrations of sodium selenate (Na2SeO4) and sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) on durum wheat seed germination and seedling growth under salt stress. The treatments used were 0 and 50 mM NaCl solutions, each supplemented with Na2SeO4 or Na2SeO3 at 0, 0.1, 1, 2, 4, 8, or 10 μM. Salt alone significantly inhibited seed germination and reduced seedling growth. Addition of low concentrations (0.1-4 μM) of Na2SeO4 or Na2SeO3 mitigated the adverse effects of salt stress on seed germination, biomass accumulation, and other physiological attributes. Among them, 1 μM Na2SeO4 was most effective at restoring seed germination rate, germination energy, and germination index, significantly increasing these parameters by about 12.35, 24.17, and 11.42%, respectively, compared to salt-stress conditions. Adding low concentrations of Na2SeO4 or Na2SeO3 to the salt solution also had positive effects on chlorophyll fluorescence indices, decreased the concentrations of free proline and malondialdehyde, as well as electrolyte leakage, and increased catalase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase activities in roots and shoots. However, high concentrations (8-10 μM) of Na2SeO4 or Na2SeO3 disrupted seed germination and seedling growth, with damage caused by Na2SeO3 being more severe than that by Na2SeO4. It is thus clear that exogenous selenium can improve the adaptability of processing wheat to salt stress and maintain higher photosynthetic rate by decreasing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and alleviating the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation. Na2SeO4 was more effective than Na2SeO3 at all given concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing in Ministry of Agriculture, School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106 China
| | - Daqing Li
- Institute of Triticeae Crops, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025 China
| | - Yuexing Chen
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625014 China
| | - Jianping Cheng
- Institute of Triticeae Crops, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025 China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing in Ministry of Agriculture, School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106 China
| | - Tzion Fahima
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Haifa, 31905 Israel
| | - Jun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing in Ministry of Agriculture, School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106 China
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Na 2CO 3-responsive Photosynthetic and ROS Scavenging Mechanisms in Chloroplasts of Alkaligrass Revealed by Phosphoproteomics. GENOMICS PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2020; 18:271-288. [PMID: 32683046 PMCID: PMC7801222 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Alkali-salinity exerts severe osmotic, ionic, and high-pH stresses to plants. To understand the alkali-salinity responsive mechanisms underlying photosynthetic modulation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis, physiological and diverse quantitative proteomics analyses of alkaligrass (Puccinellia tenuiflora) under Na2CO3 stress were conducted. In addition, Western blot, real-time PCR, and transgenic techniques were applied to validate the proteomic results and test the functions of the Na2CO3-responsive proteins. A total of 104 and 102 Na2CO3-responsive proteins were identified in leaves and chloroplasts, respectively. In addition, 84 Na2CO3-responsive phosphoproteins were identified, including 56 new phosphorylation sites in 56 phosphoproteins from chloroplasts, which are crucial for the regulation of photosynthesis, ion transport, signal transduction, and energy homeostasis. A full-length PtFBA encoding an alkaligrass chloroplastic fructose-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA) was overexpressed in wild-type cells of cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. Strain PCC 6803, leading to enhanced Na2CO3 tolerance. All these results indicate that thermal dissipation, state transition, cyclic electron transport, photorespiration, repair of photosystem (PS) II, PSI activity, and ROS homeostasis were altered in response to Na2CO3 stress, which help to improve our understanding of the Na2CO3-responsive mechanisms in halophytes.
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Wang Y, Li X, Liu N, Wei S, Wang J, Qin F, Suo B. The iTRAQ-based chloroplast proteomic analysis of Triticum aestivum L. leaves subjected to drought stress and 5-aminolevulinic acid alleviation reveals several proteins involved in the protection of photosynthesis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:96. [PMID: 32131734 PMCID: PMC7057492 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-2297-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS The perturbance of chloroplast proteins is a major cause of photosynthesis inhibition under drought stress. The exogenous application of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) mitigates the damage caused by drought stress, protecting plant growth and development, but the regulatory mechanism behind this process remains obscure. RESULTS Wheat seedlings were drought treated, and the iTRAQ-based proteomic approach was employed to assess the difference in chloroplast protein content caused by exogenous ALA. A total of 9499 peptides, which could be classified into 2442 protein groups, were identified with ≤0.01 FDR. Moreover, the contents of 87 chloroplast proteins was changed by drought stress alone compared to that of the drought-free control, while the contents of 469 was changed by exogenous ALA application under drought stress compared to that of drought stress alone. The Gene Ontology (GO) annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis results suggested that the ALA pretreatment adjusted some biological pathways, such as metabolic pathways and pathways involved in photosynthesis and ribosomes, to enhance the drought resistance of chloroplasts. Furthermore, the drought-promoted H2O2 accumulation and O2- production in chloroplasts were alleviated by the exogenous pretreatment of ALA, while peroxidase (POD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities were upregulated, which agreed with the chloroplast proteomic data. We suggested that ALA promoted reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging in chloroplasts by regulating enzymatic processes. CONCLUSIONS Our results from chloroplast proteomics extend the understanding of the mechanisms employed by exogenous ALA to defend against drought stress in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexia Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, No. 63, Nongye Rd., Zhengzhou, 450002 Henan Province China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, No. 63, Nongye Rd., Zhengzhou, 450002 Henan Province China
| | - Nana Liu
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Shimei Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, No. 63, Nongye Rd., Zhengzhou, 450002 Henan Province China
| | - Jianan Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, No. 63, Nongye Rd., Zhengzhou, 450002 Henan Province China
| | - Fujun Qin
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA
| | - Biao Suo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, No. 63, Nongye Rd., Zhengzhou, 450002 Henan Province China
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Lande NV, Barua P, Gayen D, Kumar S, Varshney S, Sengupta S, Chakraborty S, Chakraborty N. Dehydration-induced alterations in chloroplast proteome and reprogramming of cellular metabolism in developing chickpea delineate interrelated adaptive responses. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 146:337-348. [PMID: 31785520 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chloroplast, the energy organelle unique to photosynthetic eukaryotes, executes several crucial functions including photosynthesis. While chloroplast development and function are controlled by the nucleus, environmental stress modulated alterations perceived by the chloroplasts are communicated to the nucleus via retrograde signaling. Notably, coordination of chloroplast and nuclear gene expression is synchronized by anterograde and retrograde signaling. The chloroplast proteome holds significance for stress responses and adaptation. We unraveled dehydration-induced alterations in the chloroplast proteome of a grain legume, chickpea and identified an array of dehydration-responsive proteins (DRPs) primarily involved in photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism and stress response. Notably, 12 DRPs were encoded by chloroplast genome, while the rest were nuclear-encoded. We observed a coordinated expression of different multi-subunit protein complexes viz., RuBisCo, photosystem II and cytochrome b6f, encoded by both chloroplast and nuclear genome. Comparison with previously reported stress-responsive chloroplast proteomes showed unique and overlapping components. Transcript abundance of several previously reported markers of retrograde signaling revealed relay of dehydration-elicited signaling events between chloroplasts and nucleus. Additionally, dehydration-triggered metabolic adjustments demonstrated alterations in carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism. This study offers a panoramic catalogue of dehydration-responsive signatures of chloroplast proteome and associated retrograde signaling events, and cellular metabolic reprograming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Vikam Lande
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Pragya Barua
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Dipak Gayen
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Swati Varshney
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, South Campus, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110 020, India
| | - Shantanu Sengupta
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, South Campus, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110 020, India
| | - Subhra Chakraborty
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Niranjan Chakraborty
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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Liu YL, Shen ZJ, Simon M, Li H, Ma DN, Zhu XY, Zheng HL. Comparative Proteomic Analysis Reveals the Regulatory Effects of H 2S on Salt Tolerance of Mangrove Plant Kandelia obovata. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010118. [PMID: 31878013 PMCID: PMC6981851 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
As a dominant mangrove species, Kandelia obovata is distributed in an intertidal marsh with an active H2S release. Whether H2S participates in the salt tolerance of mangrove plants is still ambiguous, although increasing evidence has demonstrated that H2S functions in plant responses to multiple abiotic stresses. In this study, NaHS was used as an H2S donor to investigate the regulatory mechanism of H2S on the salt tolerance of K. obovata seedlings by using a combined physiological and proteomic analysis. The results showed that the reduction in photosynthesis (Pn) caused by 400 mM of NaCl was recovered by the addition of NaHS (200 μM). Furthermore, the application of H2S enhanced the quantum efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) and the membrane lipid stability, implying that H2S is beneficial to the survival of K. obovata seedlings under high salinity. We further identified 37 differentially expressed proteins by proteomic approaches under salinity and NaHS treatments. Among them, the proteins that are related to photosynthesis, primary metabolism, stress response and hormone biosynthesis were primarily enriched. The physiological and proteomic results highlighted that exogenous H2S up-regulated photosynthesis and energy metabolism to help K. obovata to cope with high salinity. Specifically, H2S increased photosynthetic electron transfer, chlorophyll biosynthesis and carbon fixation in K. obovata leaves under salt stress. Furthermore, the abundances of other proteins related to the metabolic pathway, such as antioxidation (ascorbic acid peroxidase (APX), copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (CSD2), and pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX1)), protein synthesis (heat-shock protein (HSP), chaperonin family protein (Cpn) 20), nitrogen metabolism (glutamine synthetase 1 and 2 (GS2), GS1:1), glycolysis (phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) and triosephosphate isomerase (TPI)), and the ascorbate–glutathione (AsA–GSH) cycle were increased by H2S under high salinity. These findings provide new insights into the roles of H2S in the adaptations of the K. obovata mangrove plant to high salinity environments.
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Lande NV, Barua P, Gayen D, Kumar S, Chakraborty S, Chakraborty N. Proteomic dissection of the chloroplast: Moving beyond photosynthesis. J Proteomics 2019; 212:103542. [PMID: 31704367 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.103542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Chloroplast, the photosynthetic machinery, converts photoenergy to ATP and NADPH, which powers the production of carbohydrates from atmospheric CO2 and H2O. It also serves as a major production site of multivariate pro-defense molecules, and coordinate with other organelles for cell defense. Chloroplast harbors 30-50% of total cellular proteins, out of which 80% are membrane residents and are difficult to solubilize. While proteome profiling has illuminated vast areas of biological protein space, a great deal of effort must be invested to understand the proteomic landscape of the chloroplast, which plays central role in photosynthesis, energy metabolism and stress-adaptation. Therefore, characterization of chloroplast proteome would not only provide the foundation for future investigation of expression and function of chloroplast proteins, but would open up new avenues for modulation of plant productivity through synchronizing chloroplastic key components. In this review, we summarize the progress that has been made to build new understanding of the chloroplast proteome and implications of chloroplast dynamicsing generate metabolic energy and modulating stress adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Vikram Lande
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Pragya Barua
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Dipak Gayen
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Subhra Chakraborty
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Niranjan Chakraborty
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India.
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Xing J, Pan D, Wang L, Tan F, Chen W. Proteomic and physiological responses in mangrove Kandelia candel roots under short-term high-salinity stress. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 43:314-325. [PMID: 31768104 PMCID: PMC6823913 DOI: 10.3906/biy-1906-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Kandelia candel is one of the mangrove species that are most resistant to environmental stress. As a typical nonsalt-secreting mangrove plant, K. candel is an ideal biological material to analyze the molecular mechanism of salt tolerance in woody plants. In this study, changes in protein abundance and expression profile in K. candel roots under high-salinity stress of 600 mmol L-1 NaCl were analyzed using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) assay. Moreover, the physiological parameters associated with metabolic pathways in which the differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) are involved were determined. A total of 5577 proteins were identified by iTRAQ analysis of the K. candel root proteins, of which 227 were DAPs with a fold change ratio >1.2 or a fold change ratio <0.83 and a P-value <0.05. A total of 227 DAPs consisting of 110 up-regulated and 117 down-regulated proteins were identified. Our Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses revealed that the DAPs were primarily involved in biological processes including carbohydrate and energy metabolisms, stress response and defense, cell wall structure, and secondary metabolism. The results of the physiological parameters showed that their profile changes were consistent with those of the proteome analysis. The results of the proteome and physiological parameters showed that K. candel roots could resist high-salinity stress by maintaining a normal Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas and tricarboxylic acid (EMP-TCA) pathway, increasing the activities of various antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant contents, stabilizing the cell wall structure, and accumulating secondary metabolites such as triterpenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhong Xing
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian China.,College of Resources and Chemical Engineering, Sanming University, Sanming, Fujian China
| | - Dezhuo Pan
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian China
| | - Lingxia Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia China
| | - Fanglin Tan
- Fujian Academy of Forestry Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian China
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15
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Chen S, Chen X, Fan J, Liu H, Zhou J, Chang X. iTRAQ proteomics reveals changes in the lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. Grand Rapid) proteome related to colour and senescence under modified atmosphere packaging. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:1908-1918. [PMID: 30267422 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study used the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) technique to determine the effects of active modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on the modulation of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. Grand Rapid) colour and senescence. Lettuces, treated or not treated (control) with MAP, were placed in a refrigerator (4 °C, 90-95% relative humidity) for analysis at 3-day intervals until the ninth day. RESULTS MAP treatment could suppress weight loss, loss of green colour and brittleness, and browning of lettuce; at the same time, MAP preserved the green colour of lettuce by inhibiting chlorophyll degradation and chloroplast disruption, and delayed lettuce senescence by inhibiting malondialdehyde (MDA) generation and increasing antioxidant enzyme activity. In total, 285 differentially abundant proteins (144 upregulated proteins and 141 downregulated proteins) were identified in MAP-treated and non-treated lettuce. Further analysis revealed that MAP regulated the expression of proteins involved in photosynthesis (e.g. pheophorbide a oxygenase, PaO; porphobilinogen deaminase, PBGD), and thus preserved lettuce colour. The iTRAQ analysis also showed that MAP regulated the expression of antioxidant enzymes and reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, and thus delayed lettuce senescence. CONCLUSION MAP can maintain vegetable quality by inhibiting chlorophyll degradation, delaying vegetable senescence. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Detection and Control for Spoilage Organisms and Pesticides, Food Science and Engineering College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangning Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Detection and Control for Spoilage Organisms and Pesticides, Food Science and Engineering College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Junfeng Fan
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Huijun Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Detection and Control for Spoilage Organisms and Pesticides, Food Science and Engineering College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Detection and Control for Spoilage Organisms and Pesticides, Food Science and Engineering College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xiguang Chang
- Beijing Yunong High Quality Cultivation of Agricultural Products Company, Beijing, China
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Gao L, Wang X, Li Y, Han R. Chloroplast proteomic analysis of Triticum aestivum L. seedlings responses to low levels of UV-B stress reveals novel molecular mechanism associated with UV-B tolerance. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:7143-7155. [PMID: 30652271 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04168-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we have investigated UV-B-induced alterations including chloroplast ultrastructure, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, physiological metabolism, and chloroplast proteome profile. Comparison of seedling phenotypic characterization and physiological status revealed that the low level of 1.08 KJ m-2 of UV-B irradiation had no obvious effects on seedling phenotype and growth and maintained better chloroplast ultrastructure and higher photosynthetic efficiency. Nevertheless, the high dose of 12.6 KJ m-2 of UV-B stress caused significant inhibitory effects on the growth and development of wheat seedlings. Proteomic analysis of chloroplasts with or without 1.08 KJ m-2 of UV-B irradiation identified 50 differentially expressed protein spots, of which 35 were further analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry. These proteins were found to be involved in multiple cellular metabolic processes including ATP synthesis, light reaction, Calvin cycle, detoxifying and antioxidant reactions, protein metabolism, malate and tetrapyrrole biosynthesis, and signal transduction pathway. We also identified 3 novel UV-B-responsive proteins, spots 8801, 8802, and 9201, and predicted three new proteins might be UV-B protective proteins. Our results imply chloroplasts play a central protective role in UV-B resistance of wheat seedlings and also provide novel evidences that UV-B stress directly affects on the structure and function of chloroplasts and explore molecular mechanisms associated with plant UV-B tolerance from chloroplast perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Gao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, 041000, People's Republic of China.
- Cell Biology Laboratory, College of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, 041000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Cell Biology Laboratory, College of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, 041000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongfeng Li
- Analysis and Testing Center, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, 041000, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Han
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, 041000, People's Republic of China
- Cell Biology Laboratory, College of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, 041000, People's Republic of China
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Jia T, Wang J, Chang W, Fan X, Sui X, Song F. Proteomics Analysis of E. angustifolia Seedlings Inoculated with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi under Salt Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030788. [PMID: 30759832 PMCID: PMC6386820 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
To reveal the mechanism of salinity stress alleviation by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), we investigated the growth parameter, soluble sugar, soluble protein, and protein abundance pattern of E. angustifolia seedlings that were cultured under salinity stress (300 mmol/L NaCl) and inoculated by Rhizophagus irregularis (RI). Furthermore, a label-free quantitative proteomics approach was used to reveal the stress-responsive proteins in the leaves of E. angustifolia. The result indicates that the abundance of 75 proteins in the leaves was significantly influenced when E. angustifolia was inoculated with AMF, which were mainly involved in the metabolism, signal transduction, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging. Furthermore, we identified chorismate mutase, elongation factor mitochondrial, peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase, calcium-dependent kinase, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, NADH dehydrogenase, alkaline neutral invertase, peroxidase, and other proteins closely related to the salt tolerance process. The proteomic results indicated that E. angustifolia seedlings inoculated with AMF increased the secondary metabolism level of phenylpropane metabolism, enhanced the signal transduction of Ca2+ and ROS scavenging ability, promoted the biosynthesis of protein, accelerated the protein folding, and inhibited the degradation of protein under salt stress. Moreover, AMF enhanced the synthesis of ATP and provided sufficient energy for plant cell activity. This study implied that symbiosis of halophytes and AMF has potential as an application for the improvement of saline-alkali soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Jia
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500, China.
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China.
| | - Jian Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500, China.
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China.
| | - Wei Chang
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500, China.
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China.
| | - Xiaoxu Fan
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500, China.
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China.
| | - Xin Sui
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500, China.
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China.
| | - Fuqiang Song
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500, China.
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China.
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Comparative physiological and leaf proteome analysis between drought-tolerant chickpea Cicer reticulatum and drought-sensitive chickpea C. arietinum. J Biosci 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-018-9836-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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19
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Peng C, Chang L, Yang Q, Tong Z, Wang D, Tan Y, Sun Y, Yi X, Ding G, Xiao J, Zhang Y, Wang X. Comparative physiological and proteomic analyses of the chloroplasts in halophyte Sesuvium portulacastrum under differential salt conditions. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 232:141-150. [PMID: 30537601 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2018.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Sesuvium portulacastrum, an important mangrove-associated true halophyte belongs to the family Aizoaceae, has excellent salt tolerance. Chloroplasts are the most sensitive organelles involved in the response to salinity. However, the regulation mechanism of chloroplasts of S. portulacastrum under salinity stress has not been reported. In this study, morphological and physiological analyses of leaves and comparative proteomics of chloroplasts isolated from the leaves of S. portulacastrum under different NaCl treatments were performed. Our results showed that the thickness of the palisade tissue, the leaf area, the maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II, and the electron transport rate increased remarkably after the plants were subjected to differential saline environments, indicating that salinity can increase photosynthetic efficiency and improve the growth of S. portulacastrum. Subsequently, 55 differentially expressed protein species (DEPs) from the chloroplasts of S. portulacastrum under differential salt conditions were positively identified by mass spectrometry. These DEPs were involved in multiple metabolic pathways, such as photosynthesis, carbon metabolism, ATP synthesis and the cell structure. Among these DEPs, the abundance of most proteins was induced by salt stress. Based on a combination of the morphological and physiological data, as well as the chloroplast proteome results, we speculated that S. portulacastrum can maintain photosynthetic efficiency and growth by maintaining the stability of the photosystem II complex, promoting the photochemical reaction rate, enhancing carbon fixation, developing plastoglobules, and preserving the biomembrane system of chloroplasts under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunzhi Peng
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou Hainan 571101, China; College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, China
| | - Lili Chang
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou Hainan 571101, China; College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou Hainan 571101, China
| | - Zheng Tong
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou Hainan 571101, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou Hainan 571101, China
| | - Yanhua Tan
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou Hainan 571101, China
| | - Yong Sun
- Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou Hainan 571737, China
| | - Xiaoping Yi
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou Hainan 571101, China
| | - Guohua Ding
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, China
| | - Junhan Xiao
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, China
| | - Xuchu Wang
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou Hainan 571101, China; College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, China.
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Wei S, Wang X, Jiang D, Dong S. Physiological and proteome studies of maize (Zea mays L.) in response to leaf removal under high plant density. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 18:378. [PMID: 30594144 PMCID: PMC6310946 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1607-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Under high plant density, intensifying competition among individual plants led to overconsumption of energy and nutrients and resulted in an almost dark condition in the lower strata of the canopy, which suppressed the photosynthetic potential of the shaded leaves. Leaf removal could help to ameliorate this problem and increase crop yields. To reveal the mechanism of leaf removal in maize, tandem mass tags label-based quantitative analysis coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry were used to capture the differential protein expression profiles of maize subjected to the removal of the two uppermost leaves (S2), the four uppermost leaves (S4), and with no leaf removal as control (S0). RESULTS Excising leaves strengthened the light transmission rate of the canopy and increased the content of malondialdehyde, whereas decreased the activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase. Two leaves removal increased the photosynthetic capacity of ear leaves and the grain yield significantly, whereas S4 decreased the yield markedly. Besides, 239 up-accumulated proteins and 99 down-accumulated proteins were identified between S2 and S0, which were strongly enriched into 30 and 23 functional groups; 71 increased proteins and 42 decreased proteins were identified between S4 and S0, which were strongly enriched into 22 and 23 functional groups, for increased and decreased proteins, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Different defoliation levels had contrastive effects on maize. The canopy light transmission rate was strengthened and proteins related to photosynthetic electron-transfer reaction were up-regulated significantly for treatment S2, which improved the leaf photosynthetic capacity, and obtained a higher grain yield consequently. In contrast, S4 decreased the grain yield and increased the expressions of proteins and genes associated with fatty acid metabolism. Besides, both S2 and S4 exaggerated the defensive response of maize in physiological and proteomic level. Although further studies are required, the results in our study provide new insights to the further improvement in maize grain yield by leaf removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wei
- College of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Management, Ministry of Agriculture/Hi-Tech Key Laboratory of Information Agriculture of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 Jiangsu Province People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agriculture, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 Shandong Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agriculture, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 Shandong Province People’s Republic of China
- College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 Jiangsu Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong Jiang
- College of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Management, Ministry of Agriculture/Hi-Tech Key Laboratory of Information Agriculture of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 Jiangsu Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuting Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agriculture, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 Shandong Province People’s Republic of China
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Huo J, Huang D, Zhang J, Fang H, Wang B, Wang C, Ma Z, Liao W. Comparative Proteomic Analysis during the Involvement of Nitric Oxide in Hydrogen Gas-Improved Postharvest Freshness in Cut Lilies. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3955. [PMID: 30544843 PMCID: PMC6320913 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies suggested that both hydrogen gas (H₂) and nitric oxide (NO) could enhance the postharvest freshness of cut flowers. However, the crosstalk of H₂ and NO during that process is unknown. Here, cut lilies (Lilium "Manissa") were used to investigate the relationship between H₂ and NO and to identify differentially accumulated proteins during postharvest freshness. The results revealed that 1% hydrogen-rich water (HRW) and 150 μM sodium nitroprusside (SNP) significantly extended the vase life and quality, while NO inhibitors suppressed the positive effects of HRW. Proteomics analysis found 50 differentially accumulated proteins in lilies leaves which were classified into seven functional categories. Among them, ATP synthase CF1 alpha subunit (chloroplast) (AtpA) was up-regulated by HRW and down-regulated by NO inhibitor. The expression level of LlatpA gene was consistent with the result of proteomics analysis. The positive effect of HRW and SNP on ATP synthase activity was inhibited by NO inhibitor. Meanwhile, the physiological-level analysis of chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthetic parameters also agreed with the expression of AtpA regulated by HRW and SNP. Altogether, our results suggested that NO might be involved in H₂-improved freshness of cut lilies, and AtpA protein may play important roles during that process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Huo
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Dengjing Huang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Hua Fang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Bo Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Chunlei Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Zhanjun Ma
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Weibiao Liao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
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Chen S. Proteomics reveal both photochemical and biochemical limitations involved in salt-induced suppression of photosynthesis in trees. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 38:1599-1604. [PMID: 30476264 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpy129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaoliang Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University (Box 162), Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Rezaee F, Lahouti M, Maleki M, Ganjeali A. Comparative proteomics analysis of whitetop (Lepidium draba L.) seedlings in response to exogenous glucose. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 120:2458-2465. [PMID: 30193920 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this research, a comparative proteomics approach was conducted to understand the physiological processes behind the sulforaphane formation in whitetop seedlings in response to exogenous glucose. Initially, 5-day-old whitetop seedlings were elicited by different concentrations (0, 166, 250, 277, 360 mM) of glucose for 72 h. According to the results, sulforaphane formation was influenced in a dose-dependent manner by glucose, and was maximized with the concentrations of 166 and 250 mM. Consequently, 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis was performed on the 166 mM glucose-elicited seedlings and it was shown that 25 protein spots were differentially expressed between glucose-elicited seedlings and control. Two hypothetical (were down-regulated) and 9 unique proteins (44% and 56% up- and down-regulated, respectively) were identified based on the Mass spectrometry analysis. According to the functional classification of the unique proteins, photosynthetic, chaperone, energy metabolism, signaling and sorting related proteins are marked in response to the glucose elicitation. This is the first report to successfully identify the Abscisic acid receptor PYR1-like and sorting nexin 1 isoform X1 by proteomics technique. In addition, the role of the sorting nexin 1 isoform X1 in the glucose-elicited whitetop seedling is reported for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rezaee
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Lahouti
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mahmood Maleki
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Science, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Ganjeali
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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24
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Guan Z, Wang W, Yu X, Lin W, Miao Y. Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Coregulation of CIPK14 and WHIRLY1/3 Mediated Pale Yellowing of Leaves in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2231. [PMID: 30065159 PMCID: PMC6121582 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pale yellowing of leaf variegation is observed in the mutant Arabidopsis lines Calcineurin B-Like-Interacting Protein Kinase14 (CIPK14) overexpression (oeCIPK14) and double-knockout WHIRLY1/WHIRLY3 (why1/3). Further, the relative distribution of WHIRLY1 (WHY1) protein between plastids and the nucleus is affected by the phosphorylation of WHY1 by CIPK14. To elucidate the coregulation of CIPK14 and WHIRLY1/WHIRLY3-mediated pale yellowing of leaves, a differential proteomic analysis was conducted between the oeCIPK14 variegated (oeCIPK14-var) line, why1/3 variegated (why1/3-var) line, and wild type (WT). More than 800 protein spots were resolved on each gel, and 67 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight/time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS). Of these 67 proteins, 34 DAPs were in the oeCIPK14-var line and 33 DAPs were in the why1/3-var line compared to the WT. Five overlapping proteins were differentially expressed in both the oeCIPK14-var and why1/3-var lines: ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit-related protein 3 (ClpR3), Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain (RBCL), Beta-amylase 3 (BAM3), Ribosome-recycling factor (RRF), and Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small chain (RBCS). Bioinformatics analysis showed that most of the DAPs are involved in photosynthesis, defense and antioxidation pathways, protein metabolism, amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, malate biosynthesis, lipid metabolism, and transcription. Thus, in the why1/3-var and oeCIPK14-var lines, there was a decrease in the photosystem parameters, including the content of chlorophyll, the photochemical efficiency of photosystem (PS II) (Fv/Fm), and electron transport rates (ETRs), but there was an increase in non-photochemical quenching (NPQ). Both mutants showed high sensitivity to intense light. Based on the annotation of the DAPs from both why1/3-var and oeCIPK14-var lines, we conclude that the CIPK14 phosphorylation-mediated WHY1 deficiency in plastids is related to the impairment of protein metabolism, leading to chloroplast dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Guan
- Center for Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Wanzhen Wang
- Center for Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Xingle Yu
- Center for Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Wenfang Lin
- Center for Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Ying Miao
- Center for Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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25
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Pan D, Wang L, Tan F, Lu S, Lv X, Zaynab M, Cheng CL, Abubakar YS, Chen S, Chen W. Phosphoproteomics unveils stable energy supply as key to flooding tolerance in Kandelia candel. J Proteomics 2018; 176:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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26
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Luo Q, Peng M, Zhang X, Lei P, Ji X, Chow W, Meng F, Sun G. Comparative mitochondrial proteomic, physiological, biochemical and ultrastructural profiling reveal factors underpinning salt tolerance in tetraploid black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.). BMC Genomics 2017; 18:648. [PMID: 28830360 PMCID: PMC5568289 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-4038-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Polyploidy is an important phenomenon in plants because of its roles in agricultural and forestry production as well as in plant tolerance to environmental stresses. Tetraploid black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) is a polyploid plant and a pioneer tree species due to its wide ranging adaptability to adverse environments. To evaluate the ploidy-dependent differences in leaf mitochondria between diploid and tetraploid black locust under salinity stress, we conducted comparative proteomic, physiological, biochemical and ultrastructural profiling of mitochondria from leaves. Results Mitochondrial proteomic analysis was performed with 2-DE and MALDI-TOF-MS, and the ultrastructure of leaf mitochondria was observed by transmission electron microscopy. According to 2-DE analysis, 66 proteins that responded to salinity stress significantly were identified from diploid and/or tetraploid plants and classified into 9 functional categories. Assays of physiological characters indicated that tetraploids were more tolerant to salinity stress than diploids. The mitochondrial ultrastructure of diploids was damaged more severely under salinity stress than that of tetraploids. Conclusions Tetraploid black locust possessed more tolerance of, and ability to acclimate to, salinity stress than diploids, which may be attributable to the ability to maintain mitochondrial structure and to trigger different expression patterns of mitochondrial proteins during salinity stress. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-017-4038-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxiang Luo
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.,Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field (SAVER), Ministry of Education, Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center (ASNESC), Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Mu Peng
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.,Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field (SAVER), Ministry of Education, Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center (ASNESC), Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Pei Lei
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Ximei Ji
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Wahsoon Chow
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.,Division of Plant Science, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Fanjuan Meng
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Guanyu Sun
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
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27
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Zhao Z, Zhang G, Zhou S, Ren Y, Wang W. The improvement of salt tolerance in transgenic tobacco by overexpression of wheat F-box gene TaFBA1. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 259:71-85. [PMID: 28483055 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2017.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
F-box protein is a major subunit of the Skp1-Cullin-F-box (SCF) complex. We previously isolated an F-box gene from wheat, TaFBA1, and here we show that overexpression of TaFBA1 in transgenic plants under salt stress increases germination rate, root elongation, and biomass accumulation compared with WT plants. Improvements in the photosynthetic rate and its corresponding parameters were also found in the transgenic plants. These results suggest that overexpression of TaFBA1 improves salt stress tolerance in transgenic tobacco. Further, the transgenic plants displayed less membrane damage, higher antioxidant enzyme activity, and less accumulation of ROS under salt stress. The transgenic plants also had lower Na+ content and higher K+ content than WT plants in leaves and roots. The activity of H+-ATPase on the plasma membrane in the transgenic plants was higher than in WT plants, and was accompanied by a net Na+ efflux. In the tonoplast, the activity levels of V-ATPase and PPase were also higher in the transgenic plants, thus helping to maximize intracellular Na+ compartmentalization. The expression of some stress-related genes was upregulated by salt stress. This suggests that the enhancement of plant salt stress tolerance may be associated with an improvement in antioxidative competition and Na+/K+ ion regionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China
| | - Guangqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China
| | - Shumei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China
| | - Yuanqing Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China.
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Gong W, Xu F, Sun J, Peng Z, He S, Pan Z, Du X. iTRAQ-Based Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Seedling Leaves of Two Upland Cotton Genotypes Differing in Salt Tolerance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:2113. [PMID: 29326733 PMCID: PMC5733471 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.02113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Cotton yields are greatly reduced under high salinity stress conditions, although cotton is considered a moderately salt-tolerant crop. Understanding at the molecular level how cotton responds to salt stress will help in developing salt tolerant varieties. Here, we combined physiological analysis with isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based proteomics of seedling leaves of 2 genotypes differing in salinity tolerance to 200 mM (18.3 dS/m) NaCl stress. Salt stress produced significant stress symptoms in the sensitive genotype Nan Dan Ba Di Da Hua (N), including lower relative water and chlorophyll contents and higher relative electrolyte leakage and Na+/K+ ratio in leaf samples, compared with those in the tolerant genotype Earlistaple 7 (Z). A total of 58 differentially abundant salt-responsive proteins were identified. Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp (DEAD)-box ATP-dependent RNA helicase 3 and protochlorophyllide reductase were markedly suppressed after salt treatment, whereas the phosphate-related differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) phosphoethanolamine N-methyltransferase 1 and 14-3-3-like protein E were induced, and all these proteins may play significant roles in salt stress. Twenty-nine salt-responsive proteins were also genotype specific, and 62.1 and 27.6% of these were related to chloroplast and defense responses, respectively. Based on the Arabidopsis thaliana protein interaction database, orthologs of 25 proteins showed interactions in Arabidopsis, and among these, a calmodulin protein was predicted to have 212 functional partners. In addition, the Golgi apparatus and calcium may be important for salt secretion in cotton. Through integrative proteome and transcriptome analysis, 16 DAPs were matched to differentially expressed genes and verified using qRT-PCR. On the basis of these findings, we proposed that some proteins related to chloroplast, ATP, ribosomal, and phosphate metabolism as well as to the Golgi apparatus and calcium may play key roles in the short-term salt stress response of cotton seedling leaves.
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29
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Wang L, Pan D, Lv X, Cheng CL, Li J, Liang W, Xing J, Chen W. A multilevel investigation to discover why Kandelia candel thrives in high salinity. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2016; 39:2486-2497. [PMID: 27434802 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The halophilic mangrove species Kandelia candel is an excellent model for understanding why halophytes thrive in high salinity. Preliminary transcriptomic analyses revealed that genes involved in diverse functions, such as in phenylpropanoid and amino acid metabolisms, and those in DNA replication and damage repair were highly responsive to salt stress. Proteomic analyses revealed that the proteins involved in light reaction of photosynthesis, amino acid and carbohydrate metabolisms, secondary metabolite biosynthesis and posttranslational modification showed increased levels in response to salt stress. The metabolisms of phenylpropanoids and amino acids under salt stress were systematically examined based on the preliminary omics analyses. The activities of phenylpropanoid biosynthetic enzymes and the contents of phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins and lignins were significantly increased under salt stress. In the free amino acid pool, glutamate was the most abundant. Together with γ-aminobutyric acid, glutamate levels further increased, while proline levels remained unchanged in response to salt stress. These findings point to the potential importance of phenylpropanoids and free amino acids in salt tolerance of K. candel that have been observed, but not systemically investigated at the levels of gene expression, enzyme activity and metabolite accumulation in glycophytes and non-tree halophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxia Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Dezhuo Pan
- School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xiaojie Lv
- School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Chi-Lien Cheng
- Department of Biology, The University of Iowa, 210 Biology Building, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Jian Li
- School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Wenyu Liang
- School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Jianhong Xing
- School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China. ,
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular and Cell Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China. ,
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Comparative Proteomic and Physiological Analysis Reveals the Variation Mechanisms of Leaf Coloration and Carbon Fixation in a Xantha Mutant of Ginkgo biloba L. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17111794. [PMID: 27801782 PMCID: PMC5133795 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17111794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Yellow-green leaf mutants are common in higher plants, and these non-lethal chlorophyll-deficient mutants are ideal materials for research on photosynthesis and plant development. A novel xantha mutant of Ginkgo biloba displaying yellow-colour leaves (YL) and green-colour leaves (GL) was identified in this study. The chlorophyll content of YL was remarkably lower than that in GL. The chloroplast ultrastructure revealed that YL had less dense thylakoid lamellae, a looser structure and fewer starch grains than GL. Analysis of the photosynthetic characteristics revealed that YL had decreased photosynthetic activity with significantly high nonphotochemical quenching. To explain these phenomena, we analysed the proteomic differences in leaves and chloroplasts between YL and GL of ginkgo using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) coupled with MALDI-TOF/TOF MS. In total, 89 differential proteins were successfully identified, 82 of which were assigned functions in nine metabolic pathways and cellular processes. Among them, proteins involved in photosynthesis, carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms, carbohydrate/energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and protein metabolism were greatly enriched, indicating a good correlation between differentially accumulated proteins and physiological changes in leaves. The identifications of these differentially accumulated proteins indicates the presence of a specific different metabolic network in YL and suggests that YL possess slower chloroplast development, weaker photosynthesis, and a less abundant energy supply than GL. These studies provide insights into the mechanism of molecular regulation of leaf colour variation in YL mutants.
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Wang S, Pan D, Lv X, Song X, Qiu Z, Huang C, Huang R, Chen W. Proteomic approach reveals that starch degradation contributes to anthocyanin accumulation in tuberous root of purple sweet potato. J Proteomics 2016; 143:298-305. [PMID: 26957144 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED A comparative proteomic approach was carried out to investigate anthocyanin biosynthesis in the tuberous roots of yellow sweet potato (YSP) and purple sweet potato (PSP) cultivars. More than 800 proteins were reproducibly detected through two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE), of which 50 proteins with 39 more and 11 less accumulated in PSP were identified through matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight/time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS). Most of the analyzed proteins are annotated to be involved in starch metabolism and glycolysis. The more abundant starch phosphorylase (SP) and phosphoglucomutase (PGM) in PSP promoted the synthesis of precursors for anthocyanin synthesis. The results implied that starch degradation provided abundant substrates for anthocyanin biosynthesis in tuberous roots of PSP. 24kDa vacuolar protein (VP24) is related to anthocyanin transport and accumulation in vacuoles. Vacuole-associated annexin protein, VCaB42, is correlated with tonoplast biogenesis. Synergistic action of the two proteins is probably involved in the microautophagy and the intravacuolar trapping of anthocyanins. Interestingly, both VCaB42 and VP24 were more accumulated in PSP, suggesting that anthocyanins generated in the cytosol were transported into and became stored in the vacuoles of PSP. The present study provides new insights into the mechanism of tuberous root-specific anthocyanin accumulation in PSP. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Sweet potato ranks as the seventh most important crop worldwide. Purple sweet potato, a special sweet potato cultivar, has been extensively investigated because large amounts of anthocyanin accumulate in its tuberous roots. Anthocyanin is well known for its free radical-scavenging activity and beneficial effects on human health. Its biosynthetic pathway has been well characterized in model plants. Although large-scale systematic studies have been performed to identify the proteins present in sweet potato, information on the regulation of anthocyanin synthesis in sweet potato is insufficient. Our proteome study demonstrated that starch degradation may contribute to anthocyanin accumulation in purple sweet potato. To our knowledge, this study is the first to propose that starch degradation may provide precursors of anthocyanin biosynthesis in sweet potato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqing Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Dezhuo Pan
- School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Xiaojie Lv
- School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Xiaomin Song
- School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Zhimin Qiu
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Chunmei Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Ronghui Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China.
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular and Cell Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China.
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Silveira JAG, Carvalho FEL. Proteomics, photosynthesis and salt resistance in crops: An integrative view. J Proteomics 2016; 143:24-35. [PMID: 26957143 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Salinity is a stressful condition that causes a significant decrease in crop production worldwide. Salt stress affects several photosynthetic reactions, including the modulation of several important proteins. Despite these effects, few molecular-biochemical markers have been identified and evaluated for their importance in improving plant salt resistance. Proteomics is a powerful tool that allows the analysis of multigenic events at the post-translational level that has been widely used to evaluate protein modulation changes in plants exposed to salt stress. However, these studies are frequently fragmented and the results regarding photosynthesis proteins in response to salinity are limited. These constraints could be related to the low number of important photosynthetic proteins differently modulated in response to salinity, as has been commonly revealed by conventional proteomics. In this review, we present an evaluation and perspective on the integrated application of proteomics for the identification of photosynthesis proteins to improve salt resistance. We propose the use of phospho-, thiol- and redox-proteomics, associated with the utilization of isolated chloroplasts or photosynthetic sub-organellar components. This strategy may allow the characterization of essential proteins, providing a better understanding of photosynthesis regulation. Furthermore, this may contribute to the selection of molecular markers to improve salt resistance in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquim A G Silveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Plant Metabolism, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza CEP 60451-970, Brazil.
| | - Fabricio E L Carvalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Plant Metabolism, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza CEP 60451-970, Brazil.
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Wang L, Yang H, Liu R, Fan G. Detoxification strategies and regulation of oxygen production and flowering of Platanus acerifolia under lead (Pb) stress by transcriptome analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:12747-12758. [PMID: 25913316 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4563-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Toxic metal pollution is a major environmental problem that has received wide attention. Platanus acerifolia (London plane tree) is an important greening tree species that can adapt to environmental pollution. The genetic basis and molecular mechanisms associated with the ability of P. acerifolia to respond lead (Pb) stress have not been reported so far. In this study, 16,246 unigenes differentially expressed unigenes that were obtained from P. acerifolia under Pb stress using next-generation sequencing. Essential pathways such as photosynthesis, and gibberellins and glutathione metabolism were enriched among the differentially expressed unigenes. Furthermore, many important unigenes, including antioxidant enzymes, plants chelate compounds, and metal transporters involved in defense and detoxification mechanisms, were differentially expressed in response to Pb stress. The unigenes encoding the oxygen-evolving enhancer Psb and OEE protein families were downregulated in Pb-stressed plants, implying that oxygen production might decrease in plants under Pb stress. The relationship between gibberellin and P. acerifolia flowering is also discussed. The information and new insights obtained in this study will contribute to further investigations into the molecular regulation mechanisms of Pb accumulation and tolerance in greening tree species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Wang
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, People's Republic of China
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Chang L, Guo A, Jin X, Yang Q, Wang D, Sun Y, Huang Q, Wang L, Peng C, Wang X. The beta subunit of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase is an important factor for maintaining photosynthesis and plant development under salt stress-Based on an integrative analysis of the structural, physiological and proteomic changes in chloroplasts in Thellungiella halophila. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 236:223-38. [PMID: 26025536 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Thellungiella halophila, a new model halophyte, can survive under highly saline conditions. We performed comparative proteomics of chloroplasts from plants grown under different saline conditions. Seventy-five salt-responsive proteins were positively identified by mass spectrometry, which represented 43 unique ones. These proteins were categorized into 7 main pathways: light reaction, carbon fixation, energy metabolism, antenna proteins, cell structure, and protein degradation and folding. Saline conditions increased the abundance of proteins involved in photosynthesis, energy metabolism and cell structure. The results indicated that Thellungiella could withstand high salinity by maintaining normal or high photosynthetic capacity, reducing ROS production, as well as enhancing energy usage. Meanwhile, the ultrastructural and physiological data also agree with chloroplast proteomics results. Subsequently, the glyceraldehydes 3-phosphate dehydrogenase beta subunit (GAPB) involved in carbon fixation was selected and its role in salt tolerance was clarified by over-expressing it in Arabidopsis. ThGAPB-overexpressing plants had higher total chlorophyll contents, dry weights, water contents and survival rates than that of wild type plants. These results indicated that ThGAPB might improve plant salt tolerance by maintaining higher recycling rates of ADP and NADP(+) to decrease ROS production, helping to maintain photosynthetic efficiency and plant development under saline conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Chang
- College of Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou city 570228, Hainan, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou city 571101, Hainan, China
| | - Anping Guo
- College of Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou city 570228, Hainan, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou city 571101, Hainan, China
| | - Xiang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou city 571101, Hainan, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou city 571101, Hainan, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou city 571101, Hainan, China
| | - Yong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou city 571101, Hainan, China
| | - Qixing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou city 571101, Hainan, China
| | - Limin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou city 571101, Hainan, China
| | - Cunzhi Peng
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou city 571101, Hainan, China
| | - Xuchu Wang
- College of Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou city 570228, Hainan, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou city 571101, Hainan, China.
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Piro A, Marín-Guirao L, Serra IA, Spadafora A, Sandoval-Gil JM, Bernardeau-Esteller J, Fernandez JMR, Mazzuca S. The modulation of leaf metabolism plays a role in salt tolerance of Cymodocea nodosa exposed to hypersaline stress in mesocosms. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:464. [PMID: 26167167 PMCID: PMC4482034 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Applying proteomics, we tested the physiological responses of the euryhaline seagrass Cymodocea nodosa to deliberate manipulation of salinity in a mesocosm system. Plants were subjected to a chronic hypersaline condition (43 psu) to compare protein expression and plant photochemistry responses after 15 and 30 days of exposure with those of plants cultured under normal/ambient saline conditions (37 psu). Results showed a general decline in the expression level of leaf proteins in hypersaline stressed plants, with more intense reductions after long-lasting exposure. Specifically, the carbon-fixing enzyme RuBisCo displayed a lower accumulation level in stressed plants relative to controls. In contrast, the key enzymes involved in the regulation of glycolysis, cytosolic glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, enolase 2 and triose-phosphate isomerase, showed significantly higher accumulation levels. These responses suggested a shift in carbon metabolism in stressed plants. Hypersaline stress also induced a significant alteration of the photosynthetic physiology of C. nodosa by means of a down-regulation in structural proteins and enzymes of both PSII and PSI. However we found an over-expression of the cytochrome b559 alpha subunit of the PSII initial complex, which is a receptor for the PSII core proteins involved in biogenesis or repair processes and therefore potentially involved in the absence of effects at the photochemical level of stressed plants. As expected hypersalinity also affects vacuolar metabolism by increasing the leaf cell turgor pressure and enhancing the up-take of Na(+) by over-accumulating the tonoplast specific intrinsic protein pyrophosphate-energized inorganic pyrophosphatase (H(+)-PPase) coupled to the Na(+)/H(+)-antiporter. The modulation of carbon metabolism and the enhancement of vacuole capacity in Na(+) sequestration and osmolarity changes are discussed in relation to salt tolerance of C. nodosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amalia Piro
- Laboratorio di Biologia e Proteomica Vegetale, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della CalabriaRende, Italy
| | - Lázaro Marín-Guirao
- Spanish Institute of Oceanography, Oceanographic Centre of MurciaMurcia, Spain
| | - Ilia A. Serra
- Laboratorio di Biologia e Proteomica Vegetale, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della CalabriaRende, Italy
| | - Antonia Spadafora
- Laboratorio di Biologia e Proteomica Vegetale, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della CalabriaRende, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Silvia Mazzuca
- Laboratorio di Biologia e Proteomica Vegetale, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della CalabriaRende, Italy
- *Correspondence: Silvia Mazzuca, Laboratorio di Biologia e Proteomica Vegetale, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Ponte Bucci 12C, 87036 Rende, Italy,
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