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Fernandes de Oliveira A, Piga GK, Najoui S, Becca G, Marceddu S, Rigoldi MP, Satta D, Bagella S, Nieddu G. UV light and adaptive divergence of leaf physiology, anatomy, and ultrastructure drive heat stress tolerance in genetically distant grapevines. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1399840. [PMID: 38957604 PMCID: PMC11217527 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1399840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The genetic basis of plant response to light and heat stresses had been unveiled, and different molecular mechanisms of leaf cell homeostasis to keep high physiological performances were recognized in grapevine varieties. However, the ability to develop heat stress tolerance strategies must be further elucidated since the morpho-anatomical and physiological traits involved may vary with genotype × environment combination, stress intensity, and duration. A 3-year experiment was conducted on potted plants of Sardinian red grapevine cultivars Cannonau (syn. Grenache) and Carignano (syn. Carignan), exposed to prolonged heat stress inside a UV-blocking greenhouse, either submitted to low daily UV-B doses of 4.63 kJ m-2 d-1 (+UV) or to 0 kJ m-2 d-1 (-UV), and compared to a control (C) exposed to solar radiation (4.05 kJ m-2 d-1 average UV-B dose). Irrigation was supplied to avoid water stress, and canopy light and thermal microclimate were monitored continuously. Heat stress exceeded one-third of the duration inside the greenhouse and 6% in C. In vivo spectroscopy, including leaf reflectance and fluorescence, allowed for characterizing different patterns of leaf traits and metabolites involved in oxidative stress protection. Cannonau showed lower stomatal conductance under C (200 mmol m-2 s-1) but more than twice the values inside the greenhouse (400 to 900 mmol m-2 s-1), where water use efficiency was reduced similarly in both varieties. Under severe heat stress and -UV, Cannonau showed a sharper decrease in primary photochemical activity and higher leaf pigment reflectance indexes and leaf mass area. UV-B increased the leaf pigments, especially in Carignano, and different leaf cell regulatory traits to prevent oxidative damage were observed in leaf cross-sections. Heat stress induced chloroplast swelling, plastoglobule diffusion, and the accumulation of secretion deposits in both varieties, aggravated in Cannonau -UV by cell vacuolation, membrane dilation, and diffused leaf blade spot swelling. Conversely, in Carignano UV-B, cell wall barriers and calcium oxalate crystals proliferated in mesophyll cells. These responses suggest an adaptive divergence among cultivars to prolonged heat stress and UV-B light. Further research on grapevine biodiversity, heat, and UV-B light interactions may give new insights on the extent of stress tolerance to improve viticulture adaptive strategies in climate change hotspots.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Soumiya Najoui
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giovanna Becca
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Salvatore Marceddu
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Sassari, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Rigoldi
- Agris Sardegna, Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia, Sassari, Italy
| | - Daniela Satta
- Agris Sardegna, Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia, Sassari, Italy
| | - Simonetta Bagella
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Nieddu
- Department of Agriculture, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Veselá B, Holub P, Urban O, Surá K, Hodaňová P, Oravec M, Divinová R, Jansen MAK, Klem K. UV radiation and drought interact differently in grass and forb species of a mountain grassland. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 325:111488. [PMID: 36206962 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Among abiotic stressors, drought and enhanced ultraviolet radiation (UV) received a lot of attention, because of their potential to impair plant growth. Since drought and UV induce partially similar protective mechanisms, we tested the hypothesis that UV ameliorates the effect of reduced water availability (WA) in selected grass (Holcus mollis and Agrostis capillaris) and forb species (Hypericum maculatum and Rumex acetosa). During 2011-2014, an outdoor manipulation experiment was conducted on a mountain grassland ecosystem (Beskydy Mts; Czech Republic). Lamellar shelters were used to pass (WAamb) or exclude (WA-) incident precipitation in order to simulate reduced water availability (WA). In addition, the lamellas were made from acrylics either transmitting (UVamb) or blocking (UV-) incident UV. Generally, both UV exposure and reduced WA enhanced epidermal UV-screening, while exposure to both factors resulted in less than additive interactions. Although UV radiation increased epidermal UV-screening rather in the grass (up to 29 % in A. capillaris) than forb (up to 12 % in H. maculatum) species and rather in well-watered than reduced WA plants, such acclimation response did not result in significant alleviation of reduced WA effects on gas exchange and morphological parameters. The study contributes to a better understanding of plant responses to complex environmental conditions and will help for successful modelling forecasts of future climate change impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Veselá
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 4a, Brno CZ-603 00, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Holub
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 4a, Brno CZ-603 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Otmar Urban
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 4a, Brno CZ-603 00, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Surá
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 4a, Brno CZ-603 00, Czech Republic; Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, Brno CZ-613 00, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Hodaňová
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 4a, Brno CZ-603 00, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Oravec
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 4a, Brno CZ-603 00, Czech Republic
| | - Renata Divinová
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 4a, Brno CZ-603 00, Czech Republic
| | - Marcel A K Jansen
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 4a, Brno CZ-603 00, Czech Republic; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Environmental Research Institute, UCC, Cork, Ireland
| | - Karel Klem
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 4a, Brno CZ-603 00, Czech Republic; Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, Brno CZ-613 00, Czech Republic
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Chemical Profiling of Two Italian Olea europaea (L.) Varieties Subjected to UV-B Stress. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11050680. [PMID: 35270150 PMCID: PMC8912780 DOI: 10.3390/plants11050680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer due to natural and/or anthropogenic causes decreases the amount of UV-B radiation filtered, and consequently increases the risk of potential damage to organisms. In the Mediterranean region, high UV-B indices are frequent. Even for species typical of this region, such as the olive tree, the progressive increase in UV-B radiation represents a threat. This work aimed to understand how high UV-B radiation modulates the phenolic and lipophilic profile of olive varieties, and identify metabolites that enhance olive stress tolerance. Two Italian olive varieties were subjected to chronic UV-B stress, and leaves were analyzed by gas and liquid chromatography. The results indicated that the most representative phenolic and lipophilic compounds of Giarraffa and Olivastra Seggianese were readjusted in response to UV-B stress. The Giarraffa variety seemed better suited to prolonged UV-B stress, possibly due to the higher availability of flavonoids that could help control oxidative damage, and the accumulation of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives that could provide strong UV-B shield protection. In addition, this variety contained higher levels of fatty acids (e.g., palmitic, α-linolenic, and stearic acids), which can help to maintain membrane integrity and accumulate more sorbitol (which may serve as an osmoprotectant or act a free-radical scavenger), terpenes, and long-chain alkanes, providing higher protection against UV-B stress.
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Jansen MAK, Ač A, Klem K, Urban O. A meta-analysis of the interactive effects of UV and drought on plants. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:41-54. [PMID: 34778989 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between climate change and UV penetration in the biosphere are resulting in the exposure of plants to new combinations of UV radiation and drought. In theory, the impacts of combinations of UV and drought may be additive, synergistic or antagonistic. Lack of understanding of the impacts of combined treatments creates substantial uncertainties that hamper predictions of future ecological change. Here, we compiled information from 52 publications and analysed the relative impacts of UV and/or drought. Both UV and drought have substantial negative effects on biomass accumulation, plant height, photosynthesis, leaf area and stomatal conductance and transpiration, while increasing stress-associated symptoms such as MDA accumulation and reactive-oxygen-species content. Contents of proline, flavonoids, antioxidants and anthocyanins, associated with plant acclimation, are upregulated both under enhanced UV and drought. In plants exposed to both UV and drought, increases in plant defense responses are less-than-additive, and so are the damage and growth retardation. Less-than-additive effects were observed across field, glasshouse and growth-chamber studies, indicating similar physiological response mechanisms. Induction of a degree of cross-resistance seems the most likely interpretation of the observed less-than-additive responses. The data show that in future climates, the impacts of increases in drought exposure may be lessened by naturally high UV regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel A K Jansen
- Laboratory of Ecological Plant Physiology, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Environmental Research Institute, UCC, Cork, Ireland
| | - Alexander Ač
- Laboratory of Ecological Plant Physiology, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Klem
- Laboratory of Ecological Plant Physiology, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Otmar Urban
- Laboratory of Ecological Plant Physiology, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
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Arrizabalaga-Arriazu M, Gomès E, Morales F, Irigoyen JJ, Pascual I, Hilbert G. Impact of 2100-Projected Air Temperature, Carbon Dioxide, and Water Scarcity on Grape Primary and Secondary Metabolites of Different Vitis vinifera cv. Tempranillo Clones. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:6172-6185. [PMID: 34033469 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The exploration of the grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) intra-varietal diversity can be an interesting approach for the adaptation of viticulture to climate change. We evaluated the response of four Tempranillo clones to simulated year-2100-expected air temperature, CO2, and relative humidity (RH) conditions: climate change (CC; 28 °C/18 °C, 700 μmol mol-1 CO2, and 35%/53% RH) vs current situation conditions (CS; 24 °C/14 °C, 400 μmol mol-1 CO2, and 45%/63% RH), under two irrigation regimes, "well-watered" (WW) vs "water deficit" (WD). The treatments were applied to fruit-bearing cuttings grown under research-oriented greenhouse controlled conditions. CC increased sugar accumulation and hastened grape phenology, an effect that was mitigated by water deficit. Both CC and water deficit modified amino acid concentrations and accumulation profiles with different intensities, depending on the clone. Combined CC and water deficit decreased anthocyanins and the anthocyanin to total soluble solids (TSS) ratio. The results suggest differences in the response of the clones to the 2100-projected conditions, which are not always solely explained by differences observed in the ripening dynamics. Among the clones studied, RJ43 and CL306 were the most affected by CC/WD conditions; meanwhile, 1084 was globally less affected than the other clones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Arrizabalaga-Arriazu
- Faculty of Sciences, Plant Stress Physiology Group, Associated Unit to CSIC (EEAD, Zaragoza, and ICVV, Logroño), Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- EGFV, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Eric Gomès
- EGFV, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Fermín Morales
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Gobierno de Navarra, Avenida Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain
| | - Juan José Irigoyen
- Faculty of Sciences, Plant Stress Physiology Group, Associated Unit to CSIC (EEAD, Zaragoza, and ICVV, Logroño), Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Pascual
- Faculty of Sciences, Plant Stress Physiology Group, Associated Unit to CSIC (EEAD, Zaragoza, and ICVV, Logroño), Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ghislaine Hilbert
- EGFV, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
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Yoon HI, Kim HY, Kim J, Oh MM, Son JE. Quantitative Analysis of UV-B Radiation Interception in 3D Plant Structures and Intraindividual Distribution of Phenolic Contents. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2701. [PMID: 33800078 PMCID: PMC7962183 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) acts as a regulatory stimulus, inducing the dose-dependent biosynthesis of phenolic compounds such as flavonoids at the leaf level. However, the heterogeneity of biosynthesis activation generated within a whole plant is not fully understood until now and cannot be interpreted without quantification of UV-B radiation interception. In this study, we analyzed the spatial UV-B radiation interception of kales (Brassica oleracea L. var. Acephala) grown under supplemental UV-B LED using ray-tracing simulation with 3-dimension-scanned models and leaf optical properties. The UV-B-induced phenolic compounds and flavonoids accumulated more, with higher UV-B interception and younger leaves. To distinguish the effects of UV-B energy and leaf developmental age, the contents were regressed separately and simultaneously. The effect of intercepted UV-B on flavonoid content was 4.9-fold that of leaf age, but the effects on phenolic compound biosynthesis were similar. This study confirmed the feasibility and relevance of UV-B radiation interception analysis and paves the way to explore the physical and physiological base determining the intraindividual distribution of phenolic compound in controlled environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo In Yoon
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources (Horticultural Science and Biotechnology), Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (H.I.Y.); (H.Y.K.); (J.K.)
| | - Hyun Young Kim
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources (Horticultural Science and Biotechnology), Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (H.I.Y.); (H.Y.K.); (J.K.)
| | - Jaewoo Kim
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources (Horticultural Science and Biotechnology), Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (H.I.Y.); (H.Y.K.); (J.K.)
| | - Myung-Min Oh
- Division of Animal, Horticultural and Food Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea;
- Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Health Industry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Jung Eek Son
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources (Horticultural Science and Biotechnology), Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (H.I.Y.); (H.Y.K.); (J.K.)
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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Gomès É, Maillot P, Duchêne É. Molecular Tools for Adapting Viticulture to Climate Change. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:633846. [PMID: 33643361 PMCID: PMC7902699 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.633846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Adaptation of viticulture to climate change includes exploration of new geographical areas, new training systems, new management practices, or new varieties, both for rootstocks and scions. Molecular tools can be defined as molecular approaches used to study DNAs, RNAs, and proteins in all living organisms. We present here the current knowledge about molecular tools and their potential usefulness in three aspects of grapevine adaptation to the ongoing climate change. (i) Molecular tools for understanding grapevine response to environmental stresses. A fine description of the regulation of gene expression is a powerful tool to understand the physiological mechanisms set up by the grapevine to respond to abiotic stress such as high temperatures or drought. The current knowledge on gene expression is continuously evolving with increasing evidence of the role of alternative splicing, small RNAs, long non-coding RNAs, DNA methylation, or chromatin activity. (ii) Genetics and genomics of grapevine stress tolerance. The description of the grapevine genome is more and more precise. The genetic variations among genotypes are now revealed with new technologies with the sequencing of very long DNA molecules. High throughput technologies for DNA sequencing also allow now the genetic characterization at the same time of hundreds of genotypes for thousands of points in the genome, which provides unprecedented datasets for genotype-phenotype associations studies. We review the current knowledge on the genetic determinism of traits for the adaptation to climate change. We focus on quantitative trait loci and molecular markers available for developmental stages, tolerance to water stress/water use efficiency, sugar content, acidity, and secondary metabolism of the berries. (iii) Controlling the genome and its expression to allow breeding of better-adapted genotypes. High-density DNA genotyping can be used to select genotypes with specific interesting alleles but genomic selection is also a powerful method able to take into account the genetic information along the whole genome to predict a phenotype. Modern technologies are also able to generate mutations that are possibly interesting for generating new phenotypes but the most promising one is the direct editing of the genome at a precise location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éric Gomès
- EGFV, University of Bordeaux – Bordeaux Sciences-Agro – INRAE, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Pascale Maillot
- SVQV, INRAE – University of Strasbourg, Colmar, France
- University of Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, France
| | - Éric Duchêne
- SVQV, INRAE – University of Strasbourg, Colmar, France
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UV-B Radiation Affects Photosynthesis-Related Processes of Two Italian Olea europaea (L.) Varieties Differently. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9121712. [PMID: 33291829 PMCID: PMC7762067 DOI: 10.3390/plants9121712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Given the economical importance of the olive tree it is essential to study its responses to stress agents such as excessive UV-B radiation, to understand the defense mechanisms and to identify the varieties that are able to cope with it. In the light of the analysis carried out in this study, we argue that UV-B radiation represents a dangerous source of stress for the olive tree, especially in the current increasingly changing environmental conditions. Both the varieties considered (Giarraffa and Olivastra Seggianese), although resistant to the strong treatment to which they were exposed, showed, albeit in different ways and at different times, evident effects. The two varieties have different response times and the Giarraffa variety seems better suited to prolonged UV-B stress, possible due to a more efficient and quick activation of the antioxidant response (e.g., flavonoids use to counteract reactive oxygen species) and because of its capacity to maintain the photosynthetic efficiency as well as a relatively higher content of mannitol. Moreover, pigments reduction after a long period of UV-B exposure can also be an adaptation mechanism triggered by Giarraffa to reduce energy absorption under UV-B stress. Olivastra Seggianese seems less suited to overcome UV-B stress for a long period (e.g., higher reduction of Fv/Fm) and has a higher requirement for sugars (e.g., glucose) possible to counteract stress and to restore energy.
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Yu R, Kurtural SK. Proximal Sensing of Soil Electrical Conductivity Provides a Link to Soil-Plant Water Relationships and Supports the Identification of Plant Water Status Zones in Vineyards. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:244. [PMID: 32218792 PMCID: PMC7078246 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The majority of the wine grapes are grown in Mediterranean climates, where water is the determining factor for grapevine physiology and berry chemistry. At the vineyard scale, plant water status is variable due to the variability in many environmental factors. In this study, we investigated the ecophysiological variability of an irrigated Cabernet Sauvignon (Vitis vinifera L.) vineyard. We used equidistant grid sampling to assess the spatial variations of the plants and soil, including plant water status by stem water potential (Ψ stem ), leaf gas exchange, and on-site soil analysis. We also measured soil electrical conductivity (EC) by proximal sensing at two depths [0.75 - 1.5 m (sub soil); 0 - 0.75 m (top soil)]. Ψ stem integrals were calculated to represent the season-long plant water status. On the base of realized Ψ stem integrals, the vineyard was delineated into two functional homogeneous zones (fHZs) with one severely water stressed zone and one moderately water stressed zone. Sub soil EC was directly related to Ψ stem (r 2 = 0.56) and g s (r 2 = 0.39) when the soil was proximally sensed at harvest in 2018. Although the same trend was evident in 2019 we could not deduce a direct relationship. The fruits from the two fHZs were harvested differentially. Comparing the two fHZs, there was no significant difference in juice total soluble solids or pH. The severely water stressed zone showed significantly higher malvidin and total anthocyanins on a dry skin weight basis, but lower peonidin, malvidin on a per berry basis in 2018. In 2019, there were more quercetin and total flavonols per berry in the severely water stressed zone. Overall, this study provided fundamental knowledge of the viability of managing spatial variability by delineating vineyard into distinct zones based on plant water status, and the potentiality of proximally sensed soil EC in the spatial assessment of plant water status and the supporting of vineyard management.
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Yoon HI, Zhang W, Son JE. Optimal Duration of Drought Stress Near Harvest for Promoting Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity in Kale with or without UV-B Radiation in Plant Factories. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9030295. [PMID: 32121512 PMCID: PMC7154809 DOI: 10.3390/plants9030295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Among abiotic stresses, both drought and UV-B radiation effectively trigger the accumulation of secondary metabolites, and can be widely applied in plant factories. The objectives of this study were to investigate antioxidant accumulation under drought stress alone, or in combination with UV-B radiation near harvest, and to determine an optimal treatment time for maximum antioxidant production. Kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala) plants were grown in a plant factory and harvested at 42 days after transplanting. The single and combination treatments lasted for 7 to 1 days and 4 to 2 days before harvest, respectively. The results of both Fv/Fm (maximal photochemical efficiency in photosystem II) and leaf water potential could ensure the function of photosynthesis and maintain normal leaf moisture in single drought treatments of less than 4 days. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activities were significantly increased in both single and combination treatments for 3 to 4 days, compared to other treatments. The supplementary UV-B treatments showed no extra formation of antioxidants compared to the single drought treatments. As a result, drought for 3 days before harvest could achieve the highest potential value of kale as a source of natural antioxidants.
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Dias MC, Pinto DCGA, Freitas H, Santos C, Silva AMS. The antioxidant system in Olea europaea to enhanced UV-B radiation also depends on flavonoids and secoiridoids. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2020; 170:112199. [PMID: 31759269 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.112199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The Mediterranean crop Olea europaea is often exposed to high UV-B irradiation conditions. To understand how this species modulates its enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant system under high UV-B radiation, young O. europaea plants (cultivar "Galega Vulgar") were exposed, for five days, to UV-B radiation (6.5 kJ m-2 d-1 and 12.4 kJ m-2 d-1). Our data indicate that UV-doses slightly differ in the modulation of the antioxidant protective mechanisms. Particularly, superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (GPox) and catalase (CAT) activities increased contributing to H2O2 homeostasis, being more solicited by higher UV-B doses. Also, glutathione reductase (Gr) activity, ascorbate (AsA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) pools increased particularly under the highest dose, suggesting a higher mobilization of the antioxidant system in this dose. The leaf metabolites' profile of this cultivar was analysed by UHPLC-MS. Interestingly, high levels of verbascoside were found, followed by oleuropein and luteolin-7-O-glucoside. Both UV-B treatments affected mostly less abundant flavonoids (decreasing 4'-methoxy luteolin and 4' or 3'-methoxy luteolin glucoside) and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives (HCAds, increasing β-hydroxyverbascoside). These changes show not only different mobilization with the UV-intensity, but also reinforce for the first time the protective roles of these minor compounds against UV-B, as reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers and UV-B shields, in complement with other antioxidant systems (e.g. AsA/GSH cycle), particularly for high UV-B doses. Secoiridoids also standout in the response to both UV-B doses, with decreases of oleuropein and increases 2''-methoxyoleuropein. Being oleuropein an abundant compound, data suggest that secoiridoids play a more important role than flavonoids and HCAds, in O. europaea protection against UV-B, possibly by acting as signalling molecules and ROS scavengers. This is the first report on the influence of UV-B radiation on the secoiridoid oleuropein, and provides a novel insight to the role of this compound in the O. europaea antioxidant defence mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Celeste Dias
- Department of Life Sciences & CFE, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal; QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Diana C G A Pinto
- QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Helena Freitas
- Department of Life Sciences & CFE, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Conceição Santos
- Department of Biology & LAQV/REQUIMTE, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Artur M S Silva
- QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
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Mátai A, Nagy D, Hideg É. UV-B strengthens antioxidant responses to drought in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves not only as supplementary irradiation but also as pre-treatment. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 134:9-19. [PMID: 30224262 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Potentials of UV-B (280-315 nm) radiation to alleviate effects of water deficit were studied using Nicotiana benthamiana plants in growth chambers. 10-days of limited watering resulted in 40% loss of soil water content as compared to well-watered controls. This drought was applied in three different ways: (i) in itself, (ii) after 4-days exposure of 6.9 kJ m-2 d-1 biologically effective supplementary UV-B radiation as pre-treatment, or (iii) in parallel with 6.9 kJ m-2 d-1 biologically effective supplementary UV-B. Responses were examined in two leaf groups: fully developed mature leaves (ML) and young leaves emerging during the 10-day treatment (YL). ML responded to UV-B or drought as single factor treatments with 7-14% loss of photochemical yield, while YL photochemistry was not decreased under the same conditions. The parallel two-factor treatment had no aggravating effect but alleviated drought-induced loss of leaf photochemistry in ML. Several positive single factor effects of drought or UV-B on antioxidants remained significant in the two-factor treatment both in ML and YL. Effects of the two factors applied in parallel were additive (equal to the sum of the effects caused by single factors separately) on total antioxidant capacities and singlet oxygen neutralizing; and synergistic (larger than the sum of single factor effects) on the flavonoid index in ML. A sequential application of UV-B and drought had additive positive effects on antioxidant capacity and flavonoid index of ML suggesting lasting effects of UV-B pre-treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anikó Mátai
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Pécs, Hungary
| | - Dóra Nagy
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Pécs, Hungary
| | - Éva Hideg
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Pécs, Hungary.
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13
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Bornman JF, Barnes PW, Robson TM, Robinson SA, Jansen MAK, Ballaré CL, Flint SD. Linkages between stratospheric ozone, UV radiation and climate change and their implications for terrestrial ecosystems. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:681-716. [DOI: 10.1039/c8pp90061b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Linkages between stratospheric ozone, UV radiation and climate change: terrestrial ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet F. Bornman
- College of Science
- Health
- Engineering and Education
- Murdoch University
- Perth
| | - Paul W. Barnes
- Department of Biological Sciences and Environment Program
- Loyola University
- USA
| | - T. Matthew Robson
- Research Programme in Organismal and Evolutionary Biology
- Viikki Plant Science Centre
- University of Helsinki
- Finland
| | - Sharon A. Robinson
- Centre for Sustainable Ecosystem Solutions
- School of Earth
- Atmosphere and Life Sciences and Global Challenges Program
- University of Wollongong
- Wollongong
| | - Marcel A. K. Jansen
- Plant Ecophysiology Group
- School of Biological
- Earth and Environmental Sciences
- UCC
- Cork
| | - Carlos L. Ballaré
- University of Buenos Aires
- Faculty of Agronomy and IFEVA-CONICET, and IIB
- National University of San Martin
- Buenos Aires
- Argentina
| | - Stephan D. Flint
- Department of Forest
- Rangeland and Fire Sciences
- University of Idaho
- Moscow
- USA
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Torres N, Antolín MC, Goicoechea N. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis as a Promising Resource for Improving Berry Quality in Grapevines Under Changing Environments. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:897. [PMID: 30008729 PMCID: PMC6034061 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Climate change and their resulting impacts are becoming a concern for winegrowers due to the high socioeconomic relevance of the winemaking sector worldwide. In fact, the projected climate change is expected to have detrimental impacts on the yield of grapevines, as well as on the quality and properties of grapes and wine. It is well known that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can improve the nutritional quality of edible parts of crops and play essential roles in the maintenance of host plant fitness under stressed environments, including grapevines. The future scenarios of climate change may also modify the diversity and the growth of AMF in soils as well as the functionality of the mycorrhizal symbiosis. In this review, we summarize recent research progress on the effects of climate change on grapevine metabolism, paying special attention to the secondary compounds involved in the organoleptic properties of grapes and wines and to the levels of the phytohormones implied in the control of berry development and fruit ripening. In this context, the potential role of AMF for maintaining fruit quality in future climate change scenarios is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nieves Goicoechea
- Unidad Asociada al CSIC (EEAD, Zaragoza, ICVV, Logroño), Grupo de Fisiología del Estrés en Plantas (Departamento de Biología Ambiental), Facultades de Ciencias y Farmacia y Nutrición, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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15
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Hui R, Zhao R, Song G, Li Y, Zhao Y, Wang Y. Effects of enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation, water deficit, and their combination on UV-absorbing compounds and osmotic adjustment substances in two different moss species. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:14953-14963. [PMID: 29549614 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1689-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A simulation experiment was conducted to explore the influence of enhanced ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation, water deficit, and their combination on UV-absorbing compounds and osmotic adjustment substances of mosses Bryum argenteum and Didymodon vinealis isolated from biological soil crusts (BSCs) growing in a revegetated area of the Tengger Desert, China. Four levels of UV-B radiation and two gradients of water regime were employed. Compared with their controls, amounts of total flavonoids, chlorophyll, carotenoids, soluble sugars, and soluble proteins significantly decreased (p < 0.05), but proline content significantly increased (p < 0.05), when exposed to either enhanced UV-B or water deficit. The negative effects of enhanced UV-B were alleviated when water deficit was applied. There were increases in UV-absorbing compounds and osmotic adjustment substances when exposed to a combination of enhanced UV-B and water deficit compared with single stresses, except for the proline content in D. vinealis. In addition, our results also indicated interspecific differences in response to enhanced UV-B, water deficit, and their combination. Compared with B. argenteum, D. vinealis was more resistant to enhanced UV-B and water deficit singly and in combination. These results suggest that the damage of enhanced UV-B on both species might be alleviated by water deficit. This alleviation is important for understanding the response of BSCs to UV-B radiation in future global climate change. This also provides novel insights into assessment damages of UV-B to BSC stability in arid and semiarid regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Hui
- Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Donggang West Road 320, 730000, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ruiming Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Tianshui South Road 222, 730000, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang Song
- Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Donggang West Road 320, 730000, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixuan Li
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Dongling Road 120, 10866, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Donggang West Road 320, 730000, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Donggang West Road 320, 730000, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China
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16
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Celeste Dias M, Pinto DCGA, Correia C, Moutinho-Pereira J, Oliveira H, Freitas H, Silva AMS, Santos C. UV-B radiation modulates physiology and lipophilic metabolite profile in Olea europaea. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 222:39-50. [PMID: 29407548 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation plays an important role in plant photomorphogenesis. Whilst the morpho-functional disorders induced by excessive UV irradiation are well-known, it remains unclear how this irradiation modulates the metabolome, and which metabolic shifts improve plants' tolerance to UV-B. In this study, we use an important Mediterranean crop, Olea europaea, to decipher the impacts of enhanced UV-B radiation on the physiological performance and lipophilic metabolite profile. Young olive plants (cv. 'Galega Vulgar') were exposed for five days to UV-B biologically effective doses of 6.5 kJ m-2 d-1 and 12.4 kJ m-2 d-1. Cell cycle/ploidy, photosynthesis and oxidative stress, as well as GC-MS metabolites were assessed. Both UV-B treatments impaired net CO2 assimilation rate, transpiration rate, photosynthetic pigments, and RuBisCO activity, but 12.4 kJ m-2 d-1 also decreased the photochemical quenching (qP) and the effective efficiency of PSII (ΦPSII). UV-B treatments promoted mono/triperpene pathways, while only 12.4 kJ m-2 d-1 increased fatty acids and alkanes, and decreased geranylgeranyl-diphosphate. The interplay between physiology and metabolomics suggests some innate ability of these plants to tolerate moderate UV-B doses (6.5 kJ m-2 d-1). Also their tolerance to higher doses (12.4 kJ m-2 d-1) relies on plants' metabolic adjustments, where the accumulation of specific compounds such as long-chain alkanes, palmitic acid, oleic acid and particularly oleamide (which is described for the first time in olive leaves) play an important protective role. This is the first study demonstrating photosynthetic changes and lipophilic metabolite adjustments in olive leaves under moderate and high UV-B doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Celeste Dias
- Department of Life Sciences & CFE, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Chemistry & QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Diana C G A Pinto
- Department of Chemistry & QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carlos Correia
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Apt. 1013, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - José Moutinho-Pereira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Apt. 1013, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Helena Oliveira
- Department Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Chemistry & CICECO, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Helena Freitas
- Department of Life Sciences & CFE, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Artur M S Silva
- Department of Chemistry & QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Conceição Santos
- Department of Biology, LAQV/REQUIMTE, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
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Mezzasalma V, Sandionigi A, Bruni I, Bruno A, Lovicu G, Casiraghi M, Labra M. Grape microbiome as a reliable and persistent signature of field origin and environmental conditions in Cannonau wine production. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184615. [PMID: 28892512 PMCID: PMC5593190 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Grape berries harbor a wide range of microbes originating from the vineyard environment, many of which are recognized for their role in the must fermentation process shaping wine quality. To better clarify the contribution of the microbiome of grape fruits during wine fermentation, we used high-throughput sequencing to identify bacterial and fungi communities associated with berries and musts of Cannonau. This is the most important cultivar-wine of Sardinia (Italy) where most vineyards are cultivated without phytochemical treatments. Results suggested that microbiomes of berries collected at four different localities share a core composition characterized by Enterobacteriales, Pseudomonadales, Bacillales, and Rhodospirillales. However, any area seems to enrich berries microbiome with peculiar microbial traits. For example, berries belonging to the biodynamic vineyards of Mamoiada were rich in Bacillales typical of manure (i.e. Lysinibacillus, Bacillus, and Sporosarcina), whereas in the Santadi locality, berries showed soil bacteria such as Pasteurellales and Bacteroidales as well as Rhodospirillales and Lactobacillales which are commonly involved in wine fermentation. In the case of fungi, the most abundant taxa were Dothioraceae, Pleosporaceae, and Saccharomycodaceae, and although the proportion of these families varied among localities, they occurred ubiquitously in all vineyards. During vinification processes performed at the same wine cellar under controlled conditions and without using any yeast starter, more than 50% of bacteria groups of berries reached musts, and each locality had its own private bacteria signature, even if Saccharomyces cerevisiae represented the most abundant fungal species. This work suggests that natural berries microbiome could be influenced by pedoclimatic and anthropologic conditions (e.g., farming management), and the fruits’ microorganisms persist during the fermentation process. For these reasons, a reliable wine genotyping should include the entire holobiont (plant and all its symbionts), and bioprospecting activities on grape microbiota could lead to improved viticulture yields and wine quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Mezzasalma
- Zooplantlab, Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- FEM2-Ambiente s.r.l., Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Sandionigi
- Zooplantlab, Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bruni
- Zooplantlab, Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonia Bruno
- Zooplantlab, Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianni Lovicu
- Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia (AGRIS), Sassari-Fertilia, Sassari, Italy
| | - Maurizio Casiraghi
- Zooplantlab, Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Labra
- Zooplantlab, Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- * E-mail:
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18
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Leibar U, Pascual I, Morales F, Aizpurua A, Unamunzaga O. Grape yield and quality responses to simulated year 2100 expected climatic conditions under different soil textures. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:2633-2640. [PMID: 27748529 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The influence of global warming on grape quality is a great concern among grapegrowers and enologists. The effects of simulated year 2100 expected CO2 , temperature and relative humidity (RH) conditions (FCC; 700 µmol CO2 mol-1 air, 28/18 °C day/night and 33/53% RH, day/night) versus the current situation (Curr; 390 µmol CO2 mol-1 air, 24/14 °C and 45/65% RH); well-irrigated versus expected future water deficit and three soils with different clay contents (41, 19 and 8%) on yield and berry quality of grapevine cv. Tempranillo were evaluated. RESULTS FCC shortened the time between fruit set and veraison and between fruit set and maturity by up to 7 and 10 days, respectively. This faster maturity led to higher must pH and tonality and reduced malic and tartaric acid concentrations, total anthocyanin concentration and colour intensity. Water deficit delayed ripeness for up to 9 days and reduced vegetative growth and malic acid concentration of grapes. However, this malic acid reduction did not occur with the clayey soils. These soils induced the lowest root fresh weight and berries with lower total anthocyanin concentration. CONCLUSION Among the adaptation techniques to cope with the described effects on fruit composition, soil selection should be considered with attention in addition to irrigation practices. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urtzi Leibar
- Neiker-Tecnalia, Plant Production Department, Bizkaia Technological Park 812, Berreaga St. 1, E-48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Pascual
- Universidad de Navarra, Plant Stress Physiology Group (Environmental Biology Department), Associated Unit to CSIC, EEAD, Zaragoza and ICVV, Logroño, Faculties of Sciences and Pharmacy, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Fermín Morales
- CSIC, Department of Plant Nutrition, Aula Dei Experimental Station, PO Box 13034, 50080 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana Aizpurua
- Neiker-Tecnalia, Plant Production Department, Bizkaia Technological Park 812, Berreaga St. 1, E-48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Olatz Unamunzaga
- Neiker-Tecnalia, Plant Production Department, Bizkaia Technological Park 812, Berreaga St. 1, E-48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
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19
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Ma X, Ou YB, Gao YF, Lutts S, Li TT, Wang Y, Chen YF, Sun YF, Yao YA. Moderate salt treatment alleviates ultraviolet-B radiation caused impairment in poplar plants. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32890. [PMID: 27597726 PMCID: PMC5011775 DOI: 10.1038/srep32890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of moderate salinity on the responses of woody plants to UV-B radiation were investigated using two Populus species (Populus alba and Populus russkii). Under UV-B radiation, moderate salinity reduced the oxidation pressure in both species, as indicated by lower levels of cellular H2O2 and membrane peroxidation, and weakened the inhibition of photochemical efficiency expressed by O-J-I-P changes. UV-B-induced DNA lesions in chloroplast and nucleus were alleviated by salinity, which could be explained by the higher expression levels of DNA repair system genes under UV-B&salt condition, such as the PHR, DDB2, and MutSα genes. The salt-induced increase in organic osmolytes proline and glycine betaine, afforded more efficient protection against UV-B radiation. Therefore moderate salinity induced cross-tolerance to UV-B stress in poplar plants. It is thus suggested that woody plants growing in moderate salted condition would be less affected by enhanced UV-B radiation than plants growing in the absence of salt. Our results also showed that UV-B signal genes in poplar plants PaCOP1, PaSTO and PaSTH2 were quickly responding to UV-B radiation, but not to salt. The transcripts of PaHY5 and its downstream pathway genes (PaCHS1, PaCHS4, PaFLS1 and PaFLS2) were differently up-regulated by these treatments, but the flavonoid compounds were not involved in the cross-tolerance since their concentration increased to the same extent in both UV-B and combined stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Ma
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Yong-Bin Ou
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Yong-Feng Gao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Stanley Lutts
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie végétale (GRPV), Earth and Life Institute–Agronomy (ELI-A), Université catholique de Louvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Tao-Tao Li
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresources, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Science, Urumqi 830011, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Yong-Fu Chen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Yu-Fang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresources, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Science, Urumqi 830011, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yin-An Yao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresources, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Science, Urumqi 830011, China
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Czégény G, Mátai A, Hideg É. UV-B effects on leaves-Oxidative stress and acclimation in controlled environments. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 248:57-63. [PMID: 27181947 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2016.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
As the steady decline in the Earth's stratospheric ozone layer and parallel increase in solar ultraviolet-B (UV-B: 280-315nm) has come to an end, the focus of plant UV research has been shifted from regarding UV-B as threatening plant life to recognizing it as a regulatory factor. While UV-B photoreceptor mediated signaling is increasingly understood, the role of UV-B inducible reactive oxygen species is still to be explored. Earlier experiments with high UV-B irradiation doses and isolated thylakoid membranes demonstrated the potential of UV-B to trigger oxidative stress. However, under realistic UV conditions pro-oxidants cannot be reliably traced in more complex biological samples possessing an array of antioxidant defenses. In the absence of direct experimental evidence we must rely on indications and propose hypotheses on how and whether pro-oxidants, such as reactive oxygen species contribute to acclimative responses. Here we briefly review how a balance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants is affected by UV-B in whole plant experiments performed in controlled environments. A working hypothesis is proposed in which the extents of UV-induced peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activations affect the success of acclimation to UV-B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyula Czégény
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Pécs, Hungary
| | - Anikó Mátai
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Pécs, Hungary
| | - Éva Hideg
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Pécs, Hungary.
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Zhao C, Mao K, You CX, Zhao XY, Wang SH, Li YY, Hao YJ. Molecular cloning and functional analysis of a UV-B photoreceptor gene, MdUVR8 (UV Resistance Locus 8), from apple. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 247:115-26. [PMID: 27095405 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
UVR8 (UV Resistance Locus 8) is an ultraviolet-B (UV-B; 280-315nm) light receptor that is involved in regulating many aspects of plant growth and development. UV-B irradiation can increase the development of flower and fruit coloration in many fruit trees, such as grape, pear and apple. Previous investigations of the structure and functions of UVR8 in plants have largely focused on Arabidopsis. Here, we isolated the UVR8 gene from apple (Malus domestica) and analyzed its function in transgenic Arabidopsis. Genomic and protein sequence analysis showed that MdUVR8 shares high similarity with the AtUVR8 protein from Arabidopsis, including the conserved seven-bladed β-propeller, the C27 region, the 3 "GWRHT" motifs and crucial amino-acid residues (14 Trps, 2 Args). A point mutation prediction and three-dimensional structural analysis of MdUVR8 indicated that it has a similar structure to AtUVR8 and that the crucial residues are also important in MdUVR8. In terms of transcript levels, MdUVR8 expression was up-regulated by UV-B light, which suggests that its expression follows a 24-h circadian rhythm. Using heterologous expression of MdUVR8 in both uvr8-1 mutant and wild-type (WT) Arabidopsis, we found that MdUVR8 regulates hypocotyl elongation and gene expression under UV-B light. These data provide functional evidence for a role of MdUVR8 in controlling photomorphogenesis under UV-B light and indicate that the function of UVR8 is conserved between Arabidopsis and apple. Furthermore, we examined the interaction between MdUVR8 and MdCOP1 (constitutive photomorphogenic1) using a yeast two-hybrid assay and a co-immunoprecipitation assay. This interaction provides a direction for investigating the regulatory mechanisms of the UV-B-light pathway in apple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China; National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Ke Mao
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chun-Xiang You
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China; National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Xian-Yan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China; National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Shu-Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China; National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China; National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China.
| | - Yu-Jin Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China; National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China.
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Martínez-Lüscher J, Morales F, Sánchez-Díaz M, Delrot S, Aguirreolea J, Gomès E, Pascual I. Climate change conditions (elevated CO2 and temperature) and UV-B radiation affect grapevine (Vitis vinifera cv. Tempranillo) leaf carbon assimilation, altering fruit ripening rates. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 236:168-76. [PMID: 26025530 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The increase in grape berry ripening rates associated to climate change is a growing concern for wine makers as it rises the alcohol content of the wine. The present work studied the combined effects of elevated CO2, temperature and UV-B radiation on leaf physiology and berry ripening rates. Three doses of UV-B: 0, 5.98, 9.66 kJm(-2)d(-1), and two CO2-temperature regimes: ambient CO2-24/14 °C (day/night) (current situation) and 700 ppm CO2-28/18 °C (climate change) were imposed to grapevine fruit-bearing cuttings from fruit set to maturity under greenhouse-controlled conditions. Photosynthetic performance was always higher under climate change conditions. High levels of UV-B radiation down regulated carbon fixation rates. A transient recovery took place at veraison, through the accumulation of flavonols and the increase of antioxidant enzyme activities. Interacting effects between UV-B and CO2-temperature regimes were observed for the lipid peroxidation, which suggests that UV-B may contribute to palliate the signs of oxidative damage induced under elevated CO2-temperature. Photosynthetic and ripening rates were correlated. Thereby, the hastening effect of climate change conditions on ripening, associated to higher rates of carbon fixation, was attenuated by UV-B radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Martínez-Lüscher
- Universidad de Navarra, Grupo de Fisiología del Estrés en Plantas (Dpto. Biología Ambiental), Unidad Asociada al CSIC, EEAD, Zaragoza e ICVV, Logroño, Irunlarrea, 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain; INRA, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR1287 EGFV, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France; University of Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR1287 EGFV, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - F Morales
- Universidad de Navarra, Grupo de Fisiología del Estrés en Plantas (Dpto. Biología Ambiental), Unidad Asociada al CSIC, EEAD, Zaragoza e ICVV, Logroño, Irunlarrea, 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain; Estación Experimental de Aula Dei (EEAD), CSIC, Dpto. Nutrición Vegetal, Apdo. 13034, 50080 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - M Sánchez-Díaz
- Universidad de Navarra, Grupo de Fisiología del Estrés en Plantas (Dpto. Biología Ambiental), Unidad Asociada al CSIC, EEAD, Zaragoza e ICVV, Logroño, Irunlarrea, 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - S Delrot
- INRA, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR1287 EGFV, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France; University of Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR1287 EGFV, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - J Aguirreolea
- Universidad de Navarra, Grupo de Fisiología del Estrés en Plantas (Dpto. Biología Ambiental), Unidad Asociada al CSIC, EEAD, Zaragoza e ICVV, Logroño, Irunlarrea, 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - E Gomès
- INRA, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR1287 EGFV, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France; University of Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR1287 EGFV, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - I Pascual
- Universidad de Navarra, Grupo de Fisiología del Estrés en Plantas (Dpto. Biología Ambiental), Unidad Asociada al CSIC, EEAD, Zaragoza e ICVV, Logroño, Irunlarrea, 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
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Alonso R, Berli FJ, Bottini R, Piccoli P. Acclimation mechanisms elicited by sprayed abscisic acid, solar UV-B and water deficit in leaf tissues of field-grown grapevines. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2015; 91:56-60. [PMID: 25885355 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2015.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The independent and interactive effects of solar ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B), moderate water deficit and sprayed abscisic acid (ABA) on leaves gas exchange and biochemical aspects of field-grown grapevines of the cv. Malbec were investigated in a high altitude vineyard (1450 m a.s.l.). Two UV-B treatments (ambient solar UV-B or reduced UV-B), two watering treatments (well watered or moderate water deficit) and two ABA treatments (no ABA and sprayed ABA) were given alone and combined in a factorial design. Gas exchange and photosynthesis were reduced by water deficit and highly impaired in the UV-B and water deficit combined treatment. UV-absorbing compounds were stimulated independently by UV-B. The monoterpenes α-pinene, 3-carene and terpinolene, and the sesquiterpene nerolidol were augmented by UV-B, water deficit or sprayed ABA. Levels of the triterpene squalene and the diterpene phytol were significantly higher in the treatment that combined UV-B, water deficit and ABA applications. Environment signals (solar UV-B and moderate water deficit) and sprayed ABA elicited mechanisms of acclimation by augmenting the content of terpenes with antioxidant and antifungal properties, thus enhancing the plant defensive mechanisms towards signals both biotic and abiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Alonso
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Vegetal, Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Almirante Brown 500, M5528AHB, Chacras de Coria, Mendoza, Argentina; Catena Institute of Wine, Bodega Catena Zapata, Cobos s/n, M5509, Agrelo, Mendoza, Argentina.
| | - Federico J Berli
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Vegetal, Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Almirante Brown 500, M5528AHB, Chacras de Coria, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Rubén Bottini
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Vegetal, Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Almirante Brown 500, M5528AHB, Chacras de Coria, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Patricia Piccoli
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Vegetal, Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Almirante Brown 500, M5528AHB, Chacras de Coria, Mendoza, Argentina
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