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Gao Y, Lei Z, Huang J, Sun Y, Liu S, Yao L, Liu J, Liu W, Liu Y, Chen Y. Characterization of Key Odorants in Lushan Yunwu Tea in Response to Intercropping with Flowering Cherry. Foods 2024; 13:1252. [PMID: 38672924 PMCID: PMC11049266 DOI: 10.3390/foods13081252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Lushan Yunwu tea (LSYWT) is a famous green tea in China. However, the effects of intercropping tea with flowering cherry on the overall aroma of tea have not been well understood. In this study, headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used for analysis. A total of 54 volatile compounds from eight chemical classes were identified in tea samples from both the intercropping and pure-tea-plantation groups. Principal component analysis (PCA), orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), and odor activity value (OAV) methods combined with sensory evaluation identified cis-jasmone, nonanal, and linalool as the key aroma compounds in the intercropping group. Benzaldehyde, α-farnesene, and methyl benzene were identified as the main volatile compounds in the flowering cherry using headspace solid-phase microextraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS). These findings will enrich the research on tea aroma chemistry and offer new insights into the product development and quality improvement of LSYWT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinxiang Gao
- Institute of Jiangxi Oil-Tea Camellia, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332005, China; (Y.G.)
| | - Zhiyong Lei
- Institute of Jiangxi Oil-Tea Camellia, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332005, China; (Y.G.)
| | - Jigang Huang
- Jiujiang Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Jiujiang 332000, China
| | - Yongming Sun
- Jiangxi Institute of Red Soil and Germplasm Resources, Nanchang 330046, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Jiujiang Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Jiujiang 332000, China
| | - Liping Yao
- Institute of Jiangxi Oil-Tea Camellia, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332005, China; (Y.G.)
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Jiujiang Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Jiujiang 332000, China
| | - Wenxin Liu
- Institute of Jiangxi Oil-Tea Camellia, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332005, China; (Y.G.)
| | - Yanan Liu
- Institute of Jiangxi Oil-Tea Camellia, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332005, China; (Y.G.)
| | - Yan Chen
- Jiujiang Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Jiujiang 332000, China
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Sun X, Hu C, Yi G, Zhang X. Identification and characterization of two P450 enzymes from Citrus sinensis involved in TMTT and DMNT biosyntheses and Asian citrus psyllid defense. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhae037. [PMID: 38617747 PMCID: PMC11009467 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhae037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The homoterpenes (3E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene (DMNT) and (E,E)-4,8,12-trimethyl-1,3,7,11-tridecatetraene (TMTT) are the major herbivore-induced plant volatiles that help in defense directly by acting as repellants and indirectly by recruiting insects' natural enemies. In this study, DMNT and TMTT were confirmed to be emitted from citrus (Citrus sinensis) leaves infested with Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri Kuwayama; ACP), and two cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes (CsCYP82L1 and CsCYP82L2) were newly identified and characterized. Understanding the functions of these genes in citrus defense will help plan strategies to manage huanglongbing caused by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) and spread by ACP. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) analysis showed that CsCYP82L1 and CsCYP82L2 were significantly upregulated in citrus leaves after ACP infestation. Yeast recombinant expression and enzyme assays indicated that CsCYP82L1 and CsCYP82L2 convert (E)-nerolidol to DMNT and (E,E)-geranyllinalool to TMTT. However, citrus calluses stably overexpressing CsCYP82L1 generated only DMNT, whereas those overexpressing CsCYP82L2 produced DMNT and TMTT. Furthermore, ACPs preferred wild-type lemon (Citrus limon) over the CsCYP82L1-overexpressing line in dual-choice feeding assays and mineral oil over TMTT or DMNT in behavioral bioassays. Finally, yeast one-hybrid, electrophoretic mobility shift, and dual luciferase assays demonstrated that CsERF017, an AP2/ERF transcription factor, directly bound to the CCGAC motif and activated CsCYP82L1. Moreover, the transient overexpression of CsERF017 in lemon leaves upregulated CsCYP82L1 in the absence and presence of ACP infestation. These results provide novel insights into homoterpene biosynthesis in C. sinensis and demonstrate the effect of homoterpenes on ACP behavior, laying a foundation to genetically manipulate homoterpene biosynthesis for application in huanglongbing and ACP control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueli Sun
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chunhua Hu
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ganjun Yi
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Kong W, Zhao P, Zhang Q, Yang J, Zhu Q, Zhang Y, Deng X, Chen X, Lin J, Zhang X. Chromatin accessibility mediated transcriptome changes contribute to flavor substance alterations and jasmonic acid hyperaccumulation during oolong tea withering process. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 117:679-693. [PMID: 37921032 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
During the oolong tea withering process, abiotic stresses induce significant changes in the content of various flavor substances and jasmonic acid (JA). However, the changes in chromatin accessibility during withering and their potential impact remain poorly understood. By integrating ATAC-seq, RNA-seq, metabolite, and hormone assays, we characterized the withering treatment-induced changes in chromatin accessibility, gene expression levels, important metabolite contents, and JA and JA-ILE contents. Additionally, we analyzed the effects of chromatin accessibility alterations on gene expression changes, content changes of important flavor substances, and JA hyperaccumulation. Our analysis identified a total of 3451 open- and 13 426 close-differentially accessible chromatin regions (DACRs) under withering treatment. Our findings indicate that close-DACRs-mediated down-regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) resulted in the reduced accumulation of multiple catechins during withering, whereas open-DACRs-mediated up-regulated DEGs contributed to the increased accumulation of important terpenoids, JA, JA-ILE and short-chain C5/C6 volatiles. We further highlighted important DACRs-mediated DEGs associated with the synthesis of catechins, terpenoids, JA and JA and short-chain C5/C6 volatiles and confirmed the broad effect of close-DACRs on catechin synthesis involving almost all enzymes in the pathway during withering. Importantly, we identified a novel MYB transcription factor (CsMYB83) regulating catechin synthesis and verified the binding of CsMYB83 in the promoter-DACRs regions of key catechin synthesis genes using DAP-seq. Overall, our results not only revealed a landscape of chromatin alters-mediated transcription, flavor substance and hormone changes under oolong tea withering, but also provided target genes for flavor improvement breeding in tea plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilong Kong
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, 518120, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, 518120, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, 518120, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, 518120, China
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Shandong, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Qiufang Zhu
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Yanbing Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, 518120, China
| | - Xuming Deng
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, 518120, China
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Shandong, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Jinke Lin
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Xingtan Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, 518120, China
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Zhang X, Yu Y, Zhang J, Qian X, Li X, Sun X. Recent Progress Regarding Jasmonates in Tea Plants: Biosynthesis, Signaling, and Function in Stress Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1079. [PMID: 38256153 PMCID: PMC10816084 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Tea plants have to adapt to frequently challenging environments due to their sessile lifestyle and perennial evergreen nature. Jasmonates regulate not only tea plants' responses to biotic stresses, including herbivore attack and pathogen infection, but also tolerance to abiotic stresses, such as extreme weather conditions and osmotic stress. In this review, we summarize recent progress about jasmonaic acid (JA) biosynthesis and signaling pathways, as well as the underlying mechanisms mediated by jasmontes in tea plants in responses to biotic stresses and abiotic stresses. This review provides a reference for future research on the JA signaling pathway in terms of its regulation against various stresses of tea plants. Due to the lack of a genetic transformation system, the JA pathway of tea plants is still in the preliminary stages. It is necessary to perform further efforts to identify new components involved in the JA regulatory pathway through the combination of genetic and biochemical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 9 South Meiling Road, Hangzhou 310008, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Y.); (J.Z.); (X.Q.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Yongchen Yu
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 9 South Meiling Road, Hangzhou 310008, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Y.); (J.Z.); (X.Q.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 9 South Meiling Road, Hangzhou 310008, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Y.); (J.Z.); (X.Q.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Xiaona Qian
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 9 South Meiling Road, Hangzhou 310008, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Y.); (J.Z.); (X.Q.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Xiwang Li
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 9 South Meiling Road, Hangzhou 310008, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Y.); (J.Z.); (X.Q.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Xiaoling Sun
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 9 South Meiling Road, Hangzhou 310008, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Y.); (J.Z.); (X.Q.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310008, China
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Kanagendran A, Turlings TCJ. Cowpea volatiles induced by beet armyworm or fall armyworm differentially prime maize plants. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 292:154164. [PMID: 38141481 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) is known to enhance the defense responses in plants. This so-called priming effect has only been marginally studied in intercropping systems. We tested whether HIPVs from cowpea, which often serves as an intercrop alongside maize, can prime herbivore-induced volatile emissions in maize. Conventional volatile collection assays and real-time mass spectrometry revealed that maize plants that were exposed to HIPVs from cowpea infested with Spodoptera exigua caterpillars emitted more than control plants when they themselves were subsequently damaged by the same pest. The enhanced emission was only evident on the first day after infestation. Maize plants that were exposed to HIPVs from cowpea infested by S. frugiperda larvae showed no priming effect and released considerably less upon S. frugiperda infestation than upon S. exigua infestation. The latter may be explained by the fact that S. frugiperda is particularly well adapted to feed on maize and is known to suppress maize HIPV emissions. Our results imply that HIPVs from cowpea, depending on the inducing insect herbivore, may strongly prime maize plants. This deserves further investigation, also in other intercropping systems, as it can have important consequences for tritrophic interactions and crop protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arooran Kanagendran
- Fundamental and Applied Research in Chemical Ecology (FARCE) Lab, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Ted C J Turlings
- Fundamental and Applied Research in Chemical Ecology (FARCE) Lab, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
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Wen M, Zhu M, Han Z, Ho CT, Granato D, Zhang L. Comprehensive applications of metabolomics on tea science and technology: Opportunities, hurdles, and perspectives. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:4890-4924. [PMID: 37786329 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
With the development of metabolomics analytical techniques, relevant studies have increased in recent decades. The procedures of metabolomics analysis mainly include sample preparation, data acquisition and pre-processing, multivariate statistical analysis, as well as maker compounds' identification. In the present review, we summarized the published articles of tea metabolomics regarding different analytical tools, such as mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, ultraviolet-visible spectrometry, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. The metabolite variation of fresh tea leaves with different treatments, such as biotic/abiotic stress, horticultural measures, and nutritional supplies was reviewed. Furthermore, the changes of chemical composition of processed tea samples under different processing technologies were also profiled. Since the identification of critical or marker metabolites is a complicated task, we also discussed the procedure of metabolite identification to clarify the importance of omics data analysis. The present review provides a workflow diagram for tea metabolomics research and also the perspectives of related studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchun Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Mengting Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Zisheng Han
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Daniel Granato
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural Sciences Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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Wang M, Han S, Wu Y, Lin J, Zhou J, Han B. Tea green leafhopper-induced synomone attracts the egg parasitoids, mymarids to suppress the leafhopper. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:3785-3795. [PMID: 37237428 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tea green leafhopper, Empoasca flavescens is the most important pest of tea plants in China. Mymarid attractants based on herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) from leafhopper feeding and oviposition-induced plant volatiles (OIPVs) were formulated and tested as a novel pest control agent against the leafhopper in tea plantations. RESULTS Results showed that two mymarid species, Stethynium empoascae and Schizophragma parvula, had a reducing effect on leafhopper populations. The HIPVs and OIPVs were identified and bioassayed to screen the key synomones showing strong attraction to the mymarids. They were formulated into different blends, of which Field Attractant 1, comprising linalool, methyl salicylate, (E)-2-hexenal, perillen and α-farnesene at ratio of 1:2:3:58:146 (20 mg/lure), showed the strongest attraction to the mymarids. In field trials with the attractant, the average parasitism rate (60.46 ± 23.71%) of tea leafhoppers by the two mymarids in the attractant-baited area was significantly higher than that (42.85 ± 19.24%) in the CK area. Also, the average leafhopper density (46 ± 30 per 80 tea shoots) in the attractant-baited area was significantly lower than that (110 ± 70 per 80 tea shoots) in the CK area. CONCLUSION This study showed that a synthetic blend of key volatiles from HIPVs and OIPVs at an optimal ratio can be formulated into an attractant with the potential to attract and retain wild mymarid populations to suppress leafhopper populations in infested tea plantations, so as to reduce or avoid the spraying of insecticides. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxin Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection and Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shanjie Han
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection and Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiqi Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection and Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinli Lin
- Shanghai Farm Co., Ltd. of Bright Food Group, Yancheng, China
| | - Jiangxuan Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection and Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Baoyu Han
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection and Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
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He C, Zhou J, Li Y, zhang D, Ntezimana B, Zhu J, Wang X, Xu W, Wen X, Chen Y, Yu Z, Wang Y, Ni D. The aroma characteristics of oolong tea are jointly determined by processing mode and tea cultivars. Food Chem X 2023; 18:100730. [PMID: 37397208 PMCID: PMC10314214 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study delved into the aroma characteristics of "Qingxiang" oolong tea, analyzing six different cultivars and their processing modes. The findings showed that both cultivars and processing modes have a significant impact on the oolong tea aroma system. The study identified 18 terpenoid volatiles (VTs), 11 amino-acid-derived volatiles (AADVs), 15 fatty-acid-derived volatiles (FADVs), 3 carotenoid-derived volatiles (CDVs), and 10 other compounds in oolong tea that differentiate it from green and black tea. The turn-over stage was found to be the primary processing stage for oolong tea aroma formation. Molecular sensory analysis revealed that the "fresh" odor attribute is the basis for its aroma, while "floral and fruity" fragrances are its aroma characteristics. The perception of oolong tea as "fresh" and "floral and fruity" is influenced by the interactions of its aroma components. These findings provide a new basis for breed improvement and process enhancement in oolong tea production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang He
- National Key Lab for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingtao Zhou
- National Key Lab for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuchuan Li
- National Key Lab for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - De zhang
- National Key Lab for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bernard Ntezimana
- National Key Lab for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junyu Zhu
- National Key Lab for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyong Wang
- National Key Lab for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenluan Xu
- National Key Lab for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoju Wen
- National Key Lab for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuqiong Chen
- National Key Lab for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi Yu
- National Key Lab for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- National Key Lab for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dejiang Ni
- National Key Lab for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, People’s Republic of China
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Chen S, Li X, Liu Y, Chen J, Ma J, Chen L. Identification of QTL controlling volatile terpene contents in tea plant ( Camellia sinensis) using a high-aroma 'Huangdan' x 'Jinxuan' F 1 population. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1130582. [PMID: 37063218 PMCID: PMC10090551 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1130582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Aroma is an important factor affecting the character and quality of tea. The improvement of aroma trait is a crucial research direction of tea plant breeding. Volatile terpenes, as the major contributors to the floral odors of tea products, also play critical roles in the defense responses of plants to multiple stresses. However, previous studies have largely focused on the aroma formation during the manufacture of tea or the comparison of raw tea samples. The mechanisms causing different aroma profiles between tea cultivars have remained underexplored. In the current study, a high-density genetic linkage map of tea plant was constructed based on an F1 population of 'Huangdan' × 'Jinxuan' using genotyping by sequencing. This linkage map covered 1754.57 cM and contained 15 linkage groups with a low inter-marker distance of 0.47 cM. A total of 42 QTLs associated with eight monoterpene contents and 12 QTLs associated with four sesquiterpenes contents were identified with the average PVE of 12.6% and 11.7% respectively. Furthermore, six candidate genes related to volatile terpene contents were found in QTL cluster on chromosome 5 by RNA-seq analysis. This work will enrich our understanding of the molecular mechanism of volatile terpene biosynthesis and provide a theoretical basis for tea plant breeding programs for aroma quality improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Liang Chen
- *Correspondence: Jianqiang Ma, ; Liang Chen,
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10
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Wu S, Yang Y, Chen J, Li J, Jian G, Yang J, Mao K, Zeng L, Gu D. Histone deacetylase CsHDA6 mediates the regulated formation of the anti-insect metabolite α-farnesene in tea (Camellia sinensis). PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 326:111501. [PMID: 36257410 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
α-Farnesene accumulated in tea plants following infestations by most insects, and mechanical wounding is the common factor. However, the specific mechanism underlying the wounding-regulated accumulation of α-farnesene in tea plants remains unclear. In this study, we observed that histone deacetylase inhibitor treatment induced the accumulation of α-farnesene. The histone deacetylase CsHDA6 interacted directly with CsMYC2, which was an important transcription factor in the jasmonic acid (JA) pathway, and co-regulated the expression of the key α-farnesene synthesis gene CsAFS. Wounding caused by insect infestation affected CsHDA6 production at the transcript and protein levels, while also inhibited the binding of CsHDA6 to the CsAFS promoter. The resulting increased acetylation of histones H3/H4 in CsAFS enhanced the expression of CsAFS and the accumulation of α-farnesene. In conclusion, our study demonstrated the effect of histone acetylation on the production of tea plant HIPVs and revealed the importance of the CsHDA6-CsMYC2 transcriptional regulatory module.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhua Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; South China National Botanical Garden, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yuhua Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China; South China National Botanical Garden, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Jiaming Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; South China National Botanical Garden, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Jianlong Li
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 6 Dafeng Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Guotai Jian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; South China National Botanical Garden, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China; South China National Botanical Garden, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Kaiquan Mao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; South China National Botanical Garden, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Lanting Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; South China National Botanical Garden, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China; Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Dachuan Gu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; South China National Botanical Garden, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China.
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11
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Luo YS, Abdellah YAY, Hafeez M, Yang X, Hou WT, Kong XH, Wang RL. Herbivore-induced tomato plant volatiles lead to the reduction of insecticides susceptibility in Spodoptera litura. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 187:105215. [PMID: 36127062 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) have been associated with plant-plant-herbivorous-natural enemies communication and an enhanced response to the subsequent attack. Spodoptera litura is a serious cosmopolitan pest that has developed a high level of resistance to many insecticides. However, the underlying molecular and biochemical mechanism by which HIPV priming reduces S. litura larval sensitivity to insecticides remains largely unknown. This study was conducted to explore the potential of volatile from undamaged, or artificially damaged, or S. litura-damaged tomato plants on the susceptibility of S. litura to the insecticides beta-cypermethrin indoxacarb and chlorpyrifos. We found that larvae exposed to volatile from S. litura-damaged or artificially damaged tomato plants were significantly less susceptible to the three insecticides than those exposed to volatile from undamaged tomato plants. Elevated activities of detoxifying enzymes [cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s), glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), and esterases (ESTs)], were expressed in S. litura larvae exposed to volatile from S. litura-damaged tomato plants than those exposed to volatile from undamaged tomato plants. Similarly, seven detoxification-related genes [GSTs (SlGSTe1, SlGSTo1, and SlGSTe3) and P450s (CYP6B48, CYP9A40, CYP321A7, and CYP321B1)] in the midgut and fat body of larvae were up-regulated under exposure to volatile from S. litura-damaged tomato plants. Increased volatile organic compounds emissions were detected in the headspace of tomato plants damaged by S. litura compared to the undamaged plants. Collectively, these findings suggest that HIPVs can considerably reduce caterpillar susceptibility to insecticides, possibly through induction-enhanced detoxification mechanisms, and provide valuable information for implementing an effective integrated pest management strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sen Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yousif Abdelrahman Yousif Abdellah
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Muhammad Hafeez
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wen-Tao Hou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xu-Hui Kong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Rui-Long Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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12
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Study on the Suitability of Tea Cultivars for Processing Oolong Tea from the Perspective of Aroma Based on Olfactory Sensory, Electronic Nose, and GC-MS Data Correlation Analysis. Foods 2022; 11:foods11182880. [PMID: 36141008 PMCID: PMC9498329 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The oolong tea aroma is shown to consist of cultivar aroma and technical aroma in this study based on the aroma differences between oolong tea products of cultivars of different suitability, as determined by correlation analysis of olfactory, sensory, electronic nose, and GC-MS data. Human senses were significantly affected by the aroma components, which included eight terpene metabolites (β-Ocimene, (Z)-Furan linalool oxide, linalool, (3E)-4,8-Dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene, (E)-Pyranoid linalool oxide, γ-Elemene, Humulene, (Z,E)-α-Farnesene), three carotenoid metabolites (β-Ionone, (Z)-Geranylacetone and 6-methyl-5-Hepten -2-one), three lipid metabolites ((Z)-3-Hexenyl (Z)-3-hexenoate, Butanoic acid hexyl ester, and (Z)-Jasmone), four amino acid metabolites (Methyl salicylate, Geranyl isovalerate, indole, and Phenylethyl alcohol), and six thermal reaction products (2-Pentylfuran, Octanal, Decanal, (E,E)-2,4-Nonadienal, (Z)-2-Decenal, and (E)-2-Undecenal). Meanwhile, several aroma compounds (such as (E)-Nerolidol and α-Farnesene), mainly comprising the “technical aroma” formed in the processing mode, were noted to be less closely related to cultivar suitability. This study sheds light on the aroma characteristics of different tea cultivars for oolong tea processing.
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13
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Volatile Dimethyl Disulfide from Guava Plants Regulate Developmental Performance of Asian Citrus Psyllid through Activation of Defense Responses in Neighboring Orange Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810271. [PMID: 36142192 PMCID: PMC9499464 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Intercropping with guava (Psidium guajava L.) can assist with the management of Asian citrus psyllid (ACP, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama), the insect vector of the huanglongbing pathogen, in citrus orchards. Sulfur volatiles have a repellent activity and physiological effects, as well as being important components of guava volatiles. In this study, we tested whether the sulfur volatiles emitted by guava plants play a role in plant–plant communications and trigger anti-herbivore activities against ACP in sweet orange plants (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck). Real-time determination using a proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometer (PTR-MS) showed that guava plants continuously release methanethiol, dimethyl sulfide (DMS), and dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), and the contents increased rapidly after mechanical damage. The exposure of orange plants to DMDS resulted in the suppression of the developmental performance of ACP. The differential elevation of salicylic acid (SA) levels; the expression of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), salicylate-O-methyl transferase (SMT), and pathogenesis-related (PR1) genes; the activities of defense-related enzymes PAL, polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and peroxidase (POD); and the total polyphenol content were observed in DMDS-exposed orange plants. The emission of volatiles including myrcene, nonanal, decanal, and methyl salicylate (MeSA) was increased. In addition, phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis, and aromatic amino acid (such as phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan) metabolic pathways were induced. Altogether, our results indicated that DMDS from guava plants can activate defense responses in eavesdropping orange plants and boost their herbivore resistance to ACP, which suggests the possibility of using DMDS as a novel approach for the management of ACP in citrus orchards.
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Caselli A, Favaro R, Petacchi R, Angeli S. Infestation of the gall midge Dasineura oleae provides first evidence of induced plant volatiles in olive leaves. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2022; 112:481-493. [PMID: 34930508 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485321001000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we present the first characterization of herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) released from infested olive leaves. The gall midge Dasineura oleae is a specific pest of Olea europaea and endemic of the Mediterranean Basin, an area in which severe outbreaks currently occurred. Little is known about the damage caused by the pest and the relationship with its host. Since gall formation and larval feeding activity may lead to the release of specific plant volatile compounds, we investigated the volatile profiles emitted from infested plants compared with healthy plants under both laboratory and field conditions. Additionally, the volatiles emitted from mechanically damaged plants were considered. A blend of 12 volatiles was emitted from olive trees infested by D. oleae. Of these, β-copaene, β-ocimene, cosmene, unknown 1 and unknown 3 were found to be exclusively emitted in infested plants. The emission of germacrene-D, (E,E)-α-farnesene, and (Z,E)-α-farnesene, α-copaene, (E)-4,8-dimethylnona-1,3,7-triene, (E)-β-guaiene and heptadecane significantly increased in infested trees. Linalool, β-copaen-4-α-ol, β-bourbonene, β-cubebene, β-elemene, β-copaene and δ-amorphene were found only in the field trial and showed differences depending on the level of infestation and the plant stage. (Z)-3-Hexenol, (E)-4-oxohen-2-enal, and 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)-ethanol, were exclusively emitted from the leaves after mechanical damage. In a field trial in Italy, we also demonstrated spring synchronization between adults of D. oleae and O. europaea trees. Analyses of morphoanatomical malformations of gall leaves showed that tissue alterations occur at the spongy parenchyma causing an increase of the leaf blade thickness. We speculate that tissue alterations may lead to HIPV release, in turn potentially attracting D. oleae natural enemies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Caselli
- BioLabs, Institute of Life Science, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Riccardo Favaro
- BioLabs, Institute of Life Science, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Università 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Ruggero Petacchi
- BioLabs, Institute of Life Science, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Sergio Angeli
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Università 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
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15
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Zhao S, Cheng H, Xu P, Wang Y. Regulation of biosynthesis of the main flavor-contributing metabolites in tea plant ( Camellia sinensis): A review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:10520-10535. [PMID: 35608014 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2078787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In the process of adapting to the environment, tea plants (Camellia sinensis) endow tea with unique flavor and health functions, which should be attributed to secondary metabolites, including catechins, L-theanine, caffeine and terpene volatiles. Since the content of these flavor-contributing metabolites are mainly determined by the growth of tea plant, it is very important to understand their alteration and regulation mechanisms. In the present work, we first summarize the distribution, change characteristics of the main flavor-contributing metabolites in different cultivars, organs and under environmental stresses of tea plant. Subsequently, we discuss the regulating mechanisms involved in the biosynthesis of these metabolites based on the existing evidence. Finally, we propose the remarks and perspectives on the future study relating flavor-contributing metabolites. This review would contribute to the acceleration of research on the characteristic secondary metabolites and the breeding programs in tea plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Zhao
- Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Cheng
- Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuefei Wang
- Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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16
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Yang Y, Du P, Lai W, Yin L, Ding Y, Li Z, Hu H. Changes in primary metabolites and volatile organic compounds in cotton seedling leaves exposed to silver ions and silver nanoparticles revealed by metabolomic analysis. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13336. [PMID: 35474690 PMCID: PMC9035277 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In the area of climate change, nanotechnology provides handy tools for improving crop production and assuring sustainability in global agricultural system. Due to excellent physiological and biochemical properties, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been widely studied for potential use in agriculture. However, there are concerns about the mechanism of the toxic effects of the accumulation of AgNPs on crop growth and development. In this study, the impacts of AgNPs on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) seedlings were evaluated by integrating physiological and comprehensive metabolomic analyses. Potting-soil-grown, two-week-old cotton seedlings were foliar-exposed to 5 mg/plant AgNP or 0.02 mg/plant Ag+ (equivalent to the free Ag+ released from AgNPs). Primary metabolites and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and solid-phase microextraction (SPME) GC-MS, respectively. AgNPs inhibited the photosynthetic capacity of the cotton leaves. The metabolic spectrum analysis identified and quantified 73 primary metabolites and 45 VOCs in cotton leaves. Both treatments significantly changed the metabolite profiles of plant leaves. Among the primary metabolites, AgNPs induced marked changes in amino acids, sugars and sugar alcohols. Among the VOCs, 13 volatiles, mainly aldehydes, alkanes and terpenoids, were specifically altered only in response to AgNPs. In summary, our study showed that the comprehensive influence of AgNPs on primary metabolites and VOCs was not merely attributed to the released Ag+ but was caused by AgNP-specific effects on cotton leaves. These results provide important knowledge about the physiological and chemical changes in cotton leaves upon exposure to AgNPs and offer a new insight for supporting the sustainable use of AgNPs in agriculture.
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17
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Yuan H, Cao G, Hou X, Huang M, Du P, Tan T, Zhang Y, Zhou H, Liu X, Liu L, Jiangfang Y, Li Y, Liu Z, Fang C, Zhao L, Fernie AR, Luo J. Development of a widely targeted volatilomics method for profiling volatilomes in plants. MOLECULAR PLANT 2022; 15:189-202. [PMID: 34509640 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds play essential roles in plant environment interactions as well as determining the fragrance of plants. Although gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics is commonly used to assess plant volatiles, it suffers from high spectral convolution, low detection sensitivity, a limited number of annotated metabolites, and relatively poor reproducibility. Here, we report a widely targeted volatilomics (WTV) method that involves using a "targeted spectra extraction" algorithm to address spectral convolution, constructing a high-coverage MS2 spectral tag library to expand volatile annotation, adapting a multiple reaction monitoring mode to improve sensitivity, and using regression models to adjust for signal drift. The newly developed method was used to profile the volatilome of rice grains. Compared with the untargeted method, the newly developed WTV method shows higher sensitivity (for example, the signal-to-noise ratio of guaicol increased from 4.1 to 18.8), high annotation coverage (the number of annotated volatiles increased from 43 to 132), and better reproducibility (the number of volatiles in quality control samples with relative standard deviation value below 30.0% increased from 14 to 92 after normalization). Using the WTV method, we studied the metabolic responses of tomato to environmental stimuli and profiled the volatilomes of different rice accessions. The results identified benzothiazole as a potential airborne signal priming tomato plants for enhanced defense and 2-nonanone and 2-heptanone as novel aromatic compounds contributing to rice fragrance. These case studies suggest that the widely targeted volatilomics method is more efficient than those currently used and may considerably promote plant volatilomics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglun Yuan
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570288, China; Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Guangping Cao
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570288, China; Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Xiaodong Hou
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Menglan Huang
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570288, China; Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Pengmeng Du
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570288, China; Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Tingting Tan
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570288, China; Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Youjin Zhang
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570288, China; Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Haihong Zhou
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570288, China; Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Xianqing Liu
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570288, China; Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Ling Liu
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570288, China; Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Yiding Jiangfang
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570288, China; Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Yufei Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhenhuan Liu
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570288, China; Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Chuanying Fang
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570288, China; Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Liqing Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Jie Luo
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570288, China; Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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18
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Jing T, Qian X, Du W, Gao T, Li D, Guo D, He F, Yu G, Li S, Schwab W, Wan X, Sun X, Song C. Herbivore-induced volatiles influence moth preference by increasing the β-Ocimene emission of neighbouring tea plants. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:3667-3680. [PMID: 34449086 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Herbivore-induced plant volatiles prime neighbouring plants to respond more strongly to subsequent attacks. However, the key volatiles that trigger this state and their priming mechanisms remain largely unknown. The tea geometrid Ectropis obliqua is one of the most devastating leaf-feeding pests of tea plants. Here, plant-plant communication experiments demonstrated that volatiles emitted from tea plants infested by E. obliqua larvae triggered neighbouring plants to release volatiles that repel E. obliqua adult, especially mated females. Volatile analyses revealed that the quantity of eight volatiles increased dramatically when plants were exposed to volatiles emitted by infested tea plants, including (Z)-3-hexenol, linalool, α-farnesene, β-Ocimene and (E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene (DMNT). The results of behavioural bioassays demonstrated that β-Ocimene strongly repelled mated E. obliqua females. Individual volatile compound exposure experiments revealed that (Z)-3-hexenol, linalool, α-farnesene and DMNT triggered the emission of β-Ocimene from tea plants. Chemical inhibition experiments demonstrated that the emission of β-Ocimene induced by (Z)-3-hexenol, linalool, α-farnesene and DMNT were dependent on Ca2+ and JA signalling. These findings help us to understand how E. obliqua moths respond to volatiles emitted from tea plants and provide new insight into volatile-mediated plant-plant interactions. They have potential significance for the development of novel insect and pest control strategies in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaona Qian
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenkai Du
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Ting Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Dongfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Danyang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Fan He
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Guomeng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Shupeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Wilfried Schwab
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Xiaochun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoling Sun
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chuankui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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19
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Duan Y, Shang X, Liu G, Zou Z, Zhu X, Ma Y, Li F, Fang W. The effects of tea plants-soybean intercropping on the secondary metabolites of tea plants by metabolomics analysis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:482. [PMID: 34686144 PMCID: PMC8532361 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03258-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intercropping, especially with legumes, as a productive and sustainable system, can promote plants growth and improves the soil quality than the sole crop, is an essential cultivation pattern in modern agricultural systems. However, the metabolic changes of secondary metabolites and the growth in tea plants during the processing of intercropping with soybean have not been fully analyzed. RESULTS The secondary metabolomic of the tea plants were significant influence with intercropping soybean during the different growth stages. Especially in the profuse flowering stage of intercropping soybean, the biosynthesis of amino acids was significantly impacted, and the flavonoid biosynthesis, the flavone and flavonol biosynthesis also were changed. And the expression of metabolites associated with amino acids metabolism, particularly glutamate, glutamine, lysine and arginine were up-regulated, while the expression of the sucrose and D-Glucose-6P were down-regulated. Furthermore, the chlorophyll photosynthetic parameters and the photosynthetic activity of tea plants were higher in the tea plants-soybean intercropping system. CONCLUSIONS These results strengthen our understanding of the metabolic mechanisms in tea plant's secondary metabolites under the tea plants-soybean intercropping system and demonstrate that the intercropping system of leguminous crops is greatly potential to improve tea quality. These may provide the basis for reducing the application of nitrogen fertilizer and improve the ecosystem in tea plantations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Duan
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiaowen Shang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Guodong Liu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhongwei Zou
- Department of Plants Science, University of Manitoba, 66 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Xujun Zhu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yuanchun Ma
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Fang Li
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wanping Fang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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20
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Chen S, Xie P, Li Y, Wang X, Liu H, Wang S, Han W, Wu R, Li X, Guan Y, Yang Z, Yu X. New Insights into Stress-Induced β-Ocimene Biosynthesis in Tea ( Camellia sinensis) Leaves during Oolong Tea Processing. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:11656-11664. [PMID: 34554738 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As the major contributors to the floral odors of tea products, terpenoid volatiles play critical roles in the defense response of plants to multiple stresses. Until now, only a few TPS genes in tea plants (Camellia sinensis) have been functionally validated. In this study, by comparative studies conducted at gene, protein, and metabolite levels during oolong tea processing, we isolated an ocimene synthase gene, CsOCS, which displays a low similarity to previously characterized tea ocimene synthases. Further prokaryotic expression and subcellular localization analysis showed that it is plastid-located and could produce (E)-β-ocimene and (Z)-β-ocimene using GPP as the substrate. The optimum temperature and pH of the enzyme were 30 °C and 7.5, respectively. Treatment with exogenous methyl jasmonate elevated the transcript level of CsOCS and enhanced the emission of ocimene from tea leaves. Collectively, CsOCS is implicated as a key enzyme for β-ocimene synthesis during oolong tea processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Peifeng Xie
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yeye Li
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiaxia Wang
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Huihui Liu
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wenbo Han
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ruimei Wu
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xinlei Li
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yuefeng Guan
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhenbiao Yang
- Institute of Integrative Genome Biology and Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Xiaomin Yu
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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21
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Jian G, Jia Y, Li J, Zhou X, Liao Y, Dai G, Zhou Y, Tang J, Zeng L. Elucidation of the Regular Emission Mechanism of Volatile β-Ocimene with Anti-insect Function from Tea Plants ( Camellia sinensis) Exposed to Herbivore Attack. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:11204-11215. [PMID: 34544239 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c03534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) play an important role in insect resistance. As a common HIPV in tea plants (Camellia sinensis), β-ocimene has shown anti-insect function in other plants. However, whether β-ocimene in tea plants also provides insect resistance, and its mechanism of synthesis and emission are unknown. In this study, β-ocimene was confirmed to interfere with tea geometrid growth via signaling. Light was identified as the key factor controlling regular emission of β-ocimene induced by the wounding from tea geometrids. β-Ocimene synthase (CsBOS1) was located in plastids and catalyzed β-ocimene formation in overexpressed tobacco. CsBOS1 expression in tea leaves attacked by tea geometrids showed a day-low and night-high variation pattern, while CsABCG expression involved in volatile emission showed the opposite pattern. These two genes might regulate the regular β-ocimene emission from tea plants induced by tea geometrid attack. This study advances the understanding on HIPV emission and signaling in tea plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guotai Jian
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yongxia Jia
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Jianlong Li
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation and Utilization, No. 6 Dafeng Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiaochen Zhou
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yinyin Liao
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guangyi Dai
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Jinchi Tang
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation and Utilization, No. 6 Dafeng Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Lanting Zeng
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
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22
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Naskar S, Roy C, Ghosh S, Mukhopadhyay A, Hazarika LK, Chaudhuri RK, Roy S, Chakraborti D. Elicitation of biomolecules as host defense arsenals during insect attacks on tea plants (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze). Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:7187-7199. [PMID: 34515843 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11560-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The most consumed and economically important beverage plant, tea (Camellia sinensis), and its pests have coevolved so as to maintain the plant-insect interaction. In this review, findings of different research groups on pest responsive tolerance mechanisms that exist in tea manifested through the production of secondary metabolites and their inducers are presented. The phytochemicals of C. sinensis have been categorized into volatiles, nonvolatiles, enzymes, and phytohormones for convenience. Two types of pests, namely the piercing-sucking pests and chewing pests, are associated with tea. Both the insect groups can trigger the production of those metabolites and inducers through several primary and secondary biosynthetic pathways. These induced biomolecules can act as insect repellents and most of them are associated with lowering the nutrient quality of plant tissue and increasing the indigestibility in the pest's gut. Moreover, some of them also act as predator attractants of particular pests. The herbivore-induced plant volatiles secreted from tea plants during pest infestation were (E)-nerolidol, α-farnesene, (Z)-3-hexenol, (E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene, indole, benzyl nitrile (BN), linalool, and ocimenes. The nonvolatiles like theaflavin and L-theanine were increased in response to the herbivore attack. Simultaneously, S-adenosyl-L-methionine synthase, caffeine synthase activities were affected, whereas flavonoid synthesis and wax formation were elevated. Defense responsive enzymes like peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, ascorbate peroxidase, and catalase are involved in pest prevention mechanisms. Phytohormones like jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, abscisic acid, and ethylene act as the modulator of the defense system. The objective of this review is to discuss the defensive roles of these metabolites and their inducers against pest infestation in tea with an aim to develop environmentally sustainable pesticides in the future.Key points• Herbivore-induced volatile signals and their effects on neighboring tea plant protection• Stereochemical conversion of volatiles, effects of nonvolatiles, expression of defense-responsive enzymes, and phytohormones due to pest attack• Improved understanding of metabolites for bio-sustainable pesticide development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipta Naskar
- Department of Genetics, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata-700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Chitralekha Roy
- Department of Genetics, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata-700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Sanatan Ghosh
- Department of Genetics, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata-700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Ananda Mukhopadhyay
- Entomology Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, Siliguri, , Darjeeling, 734013, India
| | | | | | - Somnath Roy
- Department of Entomology, Tocklai Tea Research Institute, Tea Research Association, Jorhat, Assam, 785008, India.
| | - Dipankar Chakraborti
- Department of Genetics, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata-700019, West Bengal, India.
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23
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Wang X, Yan M, Zhou J, Song W, Xiao Y, Cui C, Gao W, Ke F, Zhu J, Gu Z, Hou R. Delivery of acetamiprid to tea leaves enabled by porous silica nanoparticles: efficiency, distribution and metabolism of acetamiprid in tea plants. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:337. [PMID: 34271878 PMCID: PMC8283891 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03120-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pesticide residue and its poor utilization remains problematic in agricultural development. To address the issue, a nano-pesticide has been developed by incorporating pesticide acetamiprid in porous silica nanoparticles. RESULTS This nano-pesticide had an acetamiprid loading content of 354.01 mg g-1. Testing LC50 value against tea aphids of the commercial preparation was three times that of the nano-pesticide. In tea seedlings (Camellia sinensis L.), acetamiprid was transported upward from the stem to the young leaves. On day 30, the average retained concentrations in tea leaves treated with the commercial preparation were about 1.3 times of that in the nano-pesticide preparation. The residual concentrations of dimethyl-acetamiprid in leaves for plants treated with the commercial preparation were about 1.1 times of that in the nano-pesticide preparation. Untargeted metabolomics of by LC-MS on the young leaves of tea seedlings under nano-pesticide and commercial pesticide treatments showed significant numbers of differentially expressed metabolites (P < 0.05 and VIP > 1). Between the nano-pesticide treatment group and the commercial preparation treatment group there were 196 differentially expressed metabolites 2 h after treatment, 200 (7th day), 207 (21st day), and 201 (30th day) in negative ion mode, and 294 (2nd h), 356 (7th day), and 286 (30th day) in positive ion mode. Preliminary identification showed that the major differentially expressed metabolites were glutamic acid, salicylic acid, p-coumaric acid, ribonic acid, glutamine, naringenin diglucoside, sanguiin H4, PG (34:2) and epiafzelechin. CONCLUSIONS This work demonstrated that our nano-pesticide outperformed the conventional pesticide acetamiprid in terms of insecticidal activity and pesticide residue, and the absorption, transportation and metabolism of nano-pesticide in tea plant were different, which pave a new pathway for pest control in agricultural sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036 China
| | - Min Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036 China
| | - Jie Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Wei Song
- Hefei Customs District Technical Center, Safety, Anhui Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food, Hefei, 230022 China
| | - Yu Xiao
- Hefei Customs District Technical Center, Safety, Anhui Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food, Hefei, 230022 China
| | - Chuanjian Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036 China
| | - Wanjun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036 China
| | - Fei Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036 China
| | - Jing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036 China
| | - Zi Gu
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052 NSW Australia
| | - Ruyan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036 China
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24
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Ye M, Liu M, Erb M, Glauser G, Zhang J, Li X, Sun X. Indole primes defence signalling and increases herbivore resistance in tea plants. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:1165-1177. [PMID: 32996129 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Upon herbivore attack, plants emit herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs). HIPVs can prime defences and resistance of intact plants. However, how HIPVs are decoded and translated into functional defence responses is not well understood, especially in long-lived woody plants. Here, we investigated the impact of the aromatic HIPV indole on defence-related early signalling, phytohormone accumulation, secondary metabolite biosynthesis and herbivore resistance in tea plants. We find that tea plants infested with tea geometrid caterpillars release indole at concentrations >450 ng*hr-1 . Exposure to corresponding doses of synthetic indole primes the expression of early defence genes involved in calcium (Ca2+ ) signalling, MPK signalling and jasmonate biosynthesis. Indole exposure also primes the production of jasmonates and defence-related secondary metabolites. These changes are associated with higher herbivore resistance of indole-exposed tea plants. Chemical inhibition of Ca2+ and jasmonate signalling provides evidence that both are required for indole-mediated defence priming and herbivore resistance. Our systematic assessment of the impact of indole on defence signalling and deployment shows that indole acts by boosting Ca2+ signalling, resulting in enhanced jasmonate-dependent defence and resistance in a woody plant. Our work extends the molecular basis of HIPV-induced defence priming from annual plants to an economically important tree species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Ye
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Matthias Erb
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Gaétan Glauser
- Neuchâtel Platform of Analytical Chemistry, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Jin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiwang Li
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Sun
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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25
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Jing T, Du W, Gao T, Wu Y, Zhang N, Zhao M, Jin J, Wang J, Schwab W, Wan X, Song C. Herbivore-induced DMNT catalyzed by CYP82D47 plays an important role in the induction of JA-dependent herbivore resistance of neighboring tea plants. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:1178-1191. [PMID: 32713005 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Herbivore-induced plant volatiles play important ecological roles in defense against stresses. However, if and which volatile(s) are involved in the plant-plant communication in response to herbivorous insects in tea plants remains unknown. Here, plant-plant communication experiments confirm that volatiles emitted from insects-attacked tea plants can trigger plant resistance and reduce the risk of herbivore damage by inducing jasmonic acid (JA) accumulation in neighboring plants. The emission of six compounds was significantly induced by geometrid Ectropis obliqua, one of the most common pests of the tea plant in China. Among them, (E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene (DMNT) could induce the accumulation of JA and thus promotes the resistance of neighboring intact plants to herbivorous insects. CsCYP82D47 was identified for the first time as a P450 enzyme, which catalyzes the final step in the biosynthesis of DMNT from (E)-nerolidol. Down-regulation of CsCYP82D47 in tea plants resulted in a reduced accumulation of DMNT and significantly reduced the release of DMNT in response to the feeding of herbivorous insects. The first evidence for plant-plant communication in response to herbivores in tea plants will help to understand how plants respond to volatile cues in response to herbivores and provide new insight into the role(s) of DMNT in tea plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wenkai Du
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ting Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Na Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Mingyue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jieyang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jingming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wilfried Schwab
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Xiaochun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chuankui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Fernández-Ochoa Á, Leyva-Jiménez FJ, De la Luz Cádiz-Gurrea M, Pimentel-Moral S, Segura-Carretero A. The Role of High-Resolution Analytical Techniques in the Development of Functional Foods. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063220. [PMID: 33809986 PMCID: PMC8004826 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The approaches based on high-resolution analytical techniques, such as nuclear magnetic resonance or mass spectrometry coupled to chromatographic techniques, have a determining role in several of the stages necessary for the development of functional foods. The analyses of botanical extracts rich in bioactive compounds is one of the fundamental steps in order to identify and quantify their phytochemical composition. However, the compounds characterized in the extracts are not always responsible for the bioactive properties because they generally undergo metabolic reactions before reaching the therapeutic targets. For this reason, analytical techniques are also applied to analyze biological samples to know the bioavailability, pharmacokinetics and/or metabolism of the compounds ingested by animal or human models in nutritional intervention studies. In addition, these studies have also been applied to determine changes of endogenous metabolites caused by prolonged intake of compounds with bioactive potential. This review aims to describe the main types and modes of application of high-resolution analytical techniques in all these steps for functional food development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Fernández-Ochoa
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health Metabolomics Platform, 10178 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: (Á.F.-O.); (M.D.l.L.C.-G.)
| | - Francisco Javier Leyva-Jiménez
- Functional Food Research and Development Center, Health Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, E-18100 Granada, Spain; (F.J.L.-J.); (A.S.-C.)
| | - María De la Luz Cádiz-Gurrea
- Functional Food Research and Development Center, Health Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, E-18100 Granada, Spain; (F.J.L.-J.); (A.S.-C.)
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain;
- Correspondence: (Á.F.-O.); (M.D.l.L.C.-G.)
| | - Sandra Pimentel-Moral
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain;
| | - Antonio Segura-Carretero
- Functional Food Research and Development Center, Health Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, E-18100 Granada, Spain; (F.J.L.-J.); (A.S.-C.)
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain;
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Zhang J, Jia H, Zhu B, Li J, Yang T, Zhang ZZ, Deng WW. Molecular and Biochemical Characterization of Jasmonic Acid Carboxyl Methyltransferase Involved in Aroma Compound Production of Methyl Jasmonate during Black Tea Processing. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:3154-3164. [PMID: 33666433 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c06248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Methyl jasmonate (MeJA), a volatile organic compound, is a principal flowery aromatic compound in tea. During the processing of black tea, MeJA is produced by jasmonic acid carboxyl methyltransferase (JMT) of the jasmonic acid (JA) substrate, forming a specific floral fragrance. CsJMT was cloned from tea leaves; the three-dimensional structure of CsJMT was predicted. Enzyme activity was identified, and protein purification was investigated. Site-directed deletions revealed that N-10, S-22, and Q-25 residues in the beginning amino acids played a key functional role in enzyme activity. The expression patterns of CsJMT in tea organs differed; the highest expression of CsJMT was observed in the fermentation process of black tea. These results aid in further understanding the synthesis of MeJA during black tea processing, which is crucial for improving black tea quality using specific fragrances and could be applied to the aromatic compound regulation and tea breeding improvement in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiyan Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Biying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Junyao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Zhu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Wei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui 230036, People's Republic of China
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Verdeguer M, Sánchez-Moreiras AM, Araniti F. Phytotoxic Effects and Mechanism of Action of Essential Oils and Terpenoids. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9111571. [PMID: 33202993 PMCID: PMC7697004 DOI: 10.3390/plants9111571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Weeds are one of the major constraints in crop production affecting both yield and quality. The excessive and exclusive use of synthetic herbicides for their management is increasing the development of herbicide-resistant weeds and is provoking risks for the environment and human health. Therefore, the development of new herbicides with multitarget-site activity, new modes of action and low impact on the environment and health are badly needed. The study of plant–plant interactions through the release of secondary metabolites could be a starting point for the identification of new molecules with herbicidal activity. Essential oils (EOs) and their components, mainly terpenoids, as pure natural compounds or in mixtures, because of their structural diversity and strong phytotoxic activity, could be good candidates for the development of new bioherbicides or could serve as a basis for the development of new natural-like low impact synthetic herbicides. EOs and terpenoids have been largely studied for their phytotoxicity and several evidences on their modes of action have been highlighted in the last decades through the use of integrated approaches. The review is focused on the knowledge concerning the phytotoxicity of these molecules, their putative target, as well as their potential mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Verdeguer
- Mediterranean Agroforestry Institute (IAM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Adela M. Sánchez-Moreiras
- Department of Plant Biology and Soil Science, Faculty of Biology, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, 36310 Vigo, Spain
- CITACA, Agri-Food Research and Transfer Cluster, Campus da Auga, University of Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Fabrizio Araniti
- Department AGRARIA, University Mediterranea of Reggio Calabria, Loc. Feo di Vito, 89100 Reggio Calabria, Italy;
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29
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Zeng L, Zhou X, Liao Y, Yang Z. Roles of specialized metabolites in biological function and environmental adaptability of tea plant (Camellia sinensis) as a metabolite studying model. J Adv Res 2020; 34:159-171. [PMID: 35024188 PMCID: PMC8655122 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aim of review Key scientific concepts of review
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Zhou Y, Zeng L, Hou X, Liao Y, Yang Z. Low temperature synergistically promotes wounding-induced indole accumulation by INDUCER OF CBF EXPRESSION-mediated alterations of jasmonic acid signaling in Camellia sinensis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:2172-2185. [PMID: 31900491 PMCID: PMC7242085 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Plants have to cope with various environmental stress factors which significantly impact plant physiology and secondary metabolism. Individual stresses, such as low temperature, are known to activate plant volatile compounds as a defense. However, less is known about the effect of multiple stresses on plant volatile formation. Here, the effect of dual stresses (wounding and low temperature) on volatile compounds in tea (Camellia sinensis) plants and the underlying signalling mechanisms were investigated. Indole, an insect resistance volatile, was maintained at a higher content and for a longer time under dual stresses compared with wounding alone. CsMYC2a, a jasmonate (JA)-responsive transcription factor, was the major regulator of CsTSB2, a gene encoding a tryptophan synthase β-subunit essential for indole synthesis. During the recovery phase after tea wounding, low temperature helped to maintain a higher JA level. Further study showed that CsICE2 interacted directly with CsJAZ2 to relieve inhibition of CsMYC2a, thereby promoting JA biosynthesis and downstream expression of the responsive gene CsTSB2 ultimately enhancing indole biosynthesis. These findings shed light on the role of low temperature in promoting plant damage responses and advance knowledge of the molecular mechanisms by which multiple stresses coordinately regulate plant responses to the biotic and abiotic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhou
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lanting Zeng
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingliang Hou
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinyin Liao
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziyin Yang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, China
- Correspondence:
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Li J, Zeng L, Liao Y, Tang J, Yang Z. Evaluation of the contribution of trichomes to metabolite compositions of tea (Camellia sinensis) leaves and their products. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Zhu C, Zhang S, Fu H, Zhou C, Chen L, Li X, Lin Y, Lai Z, Guo Y. Transcriptome and Phytochemical Analyses Provide New Insights Into Long Non-Coding RNAs Modulating Characteristic Secondary Metabolites of Oolong Tea ( Camellia sinensis) in Solar-Withering. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1638. [PMID: 31929782 PMCID: PMC6941427 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Oolong tea is a popular and semi-fermented beverage. During the processing of tea leaves, withering is the first indispensable process for improving flavor. However, the roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and the characteristic secondary metabolites during the withering of oolong tea leaves remain unknown. In this study, phytochemical analyses indicated that total polyphenols, flavonoids, catechins, epigallocatechin (EGC), catechin gallate (CG), gallocatechin gallate (GCG), epicatechin gallate (ECG), and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) were all less abundant in the solar-withered leaves (SW) than in the fresh leaves (FL) and indoor-withered leaves (IW). In contrast, terpenoid, jasmonic acid (JA), and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) contents were higher in the SW than in the FL and IW. By analyzing the transcriptome data, we detected 32,036 lncRNAs. On the basis of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis, the flavonoid metabolic pathway, the terpenoid metabolic pathway, and the JA/MeJA biosynthesis and signal transduction pathway were enriched pathways. Additionally, 63 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DE-lncRNAs) and 23 target genes were identified related to the three pathways. A comparison of the expression profiles of the DE-lncRNAs and their target genes between the SW and IW revealed four up-regulated genes (FLS, CCR, CAD, and HCT), seven up-regulated lncRNAs, four down-regulated genes (4CL, CHI, F3H, and F3'H), and three down-regulated lncRNAs related to flavonoid metabolism; nine up-regulated genes (DXS, CMK, HDS, HDR, AACT, MVK, PMK, GGPPS, and TPS), three up-regulated lncRNAs, and six down-regulated lncRNAs related to terpenoid metabolism; as well as six up-regulated genes (LOX, AOS, AOC, OPR, ACX, and MFP2), four up-regulated lncRNAs, and three down-regulated lncRNAs related to JA/MeJA biosynthesis and signal transduction. These results suggested that the expression of DE-lncRNAs and their targets involved in the three pathways may be related to the low abundance of the total polyphenols, flavonoids, and catechins (EGC, CG, GCG, ECG, and EGCG) and the high abundance of terpenoids in the SW. Moreover, solar irradiation, high JA and MeJA contents, and the endogenous target mimic (eTM)-related regulatory mechanism in the SW were also crucial for increasing the terpenoid levels. These findings provide new insights into the greater contribution of solar-withering to the high-quality flavor of oolong tea compared with the effects of indoor-withering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhu
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shuting Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Haifeng Fu
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chengzhe Zhou
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lan Chen
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaozhen Li
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuling Lin
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhongxiong Lai
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuqiong Guo
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Wang X, Zeng L, Liao Y, Li J, Tang J, Yang Z. Formation of α-Farnesene in Tea ( Camellia sinensis) Leaves Induced by Herbivore-Derived Wounding and Its Effect on Neighboring Tea Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174151. [PMID: 31450700 PMCID: PMC6747315 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) play important ecological roles in defense against stresses. In contrast to model plants, reports on HIPV formation and function in crops are limited. Tea (Camellia sinensis) is an important crop in China. α-Farnesene is a common HIPV produced in tea plants in response to different herbivore attacks. In this study, a C. sinensis α-farnesene synthase (CsAFS) was isolated, cloned, sequenced, and functionally characterized. The CsAFS recombinant protein produced in Escherichia coli was able to transform farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) into α-farnesene and also convert geranyl diphosphate (GPP) to β-ocimene in vitro. Furthermore, transient expression analysis in Nicotiana benthamiana plants indicated that CsAFS was located in the cytoplasm and could convert FPP to α-farnesene in plants. Wounding, to simulate herbivore damage, activated jasmonic acid (JA) formation, which significantly enhanced the CsAFS expression level and α-farnesene content. This suggested that herbivore-derived wounding induced α-farnesene formation in tea leaves. Furthermore, the emitted α-farnesene might act as a signal to activate antibacterial-related factors in neighboring undamaged tea leaves. This research advances our understanding of the formation and signaling roles of common HIPVs in crops such as tea plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen Wang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19A, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lanting Zeng
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yinyin Liao
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19A, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianlong Li
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation and Utilization, Dafeng Road 6, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jinchi Tang
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation and Utilization, Dafeng Road 6, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ziyin Yang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19A, Beijing 100049, China.
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China.
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Jiang CK, Ma JQ, Apostolides Z, Chen L. Metabolomics for a Millenniums-Old Crop: Tea Plant ( Camellia sinensis). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:6445-6457. [PMID: 31117495 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Tea cultivation and utilization dates back to antiquity. Today it is the most widely consumed beverage on earth due to its pleasant taste and several beneficial health properties attributed to specific metabolites. Metabolomics has a tremendous potential to correlate tea metabolites with taste and health properties in humans. Our review on the current application of metabolomics in the science of tea suggests that metabolomics is a promising frontier in the evaluation of tea quality, identification of functional genes responsible for key metabolites, investigation of their metabolic regulation, and pathway analysis in the tea plant. Furthermore, the challenges, possible solutions, and the prospects of metabolomics in tea science are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Kai Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310008 , China
| | - Jian-Qiang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310008 , China
| | - Zeno Apostolides
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology , University of Pretoria , Pretoria 0002 , South Africa
| | - Liang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310008 , China
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Lin J, Shi Y, Dong C, Wang X. Headspace volatiles influenced by infusion matrix and their release persistence: a case study of oolong tea. Food Sci Biotechnol 2019; 28:1349-1358. [PMID: 31695933 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-019-00587-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The perceived aroma of oolong tea is primarily and directly affected by its infusion matrix, and the release persistence of headspace volatiles can better illustrate the persistent aroma. Headspace solid phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was performed to analyze the headspace constituents of oolong tea. The presence of the infusion matrix seemed to prevent the headspace release of certain odorants. The release of indole, nerolidol, and α-farnesene was also remarkably enhanced or depressed (2.70, 1.56, and 0.69-fold in tea infusion versus in dry leaves). Moreover, the amount of volatile species gradually decreased with increased water ratio. Eight odorants were determined to be stable and persistent during continuous infusion, whereas six were determined to be less persistent (gradually decreased or stopped releasing). The volatile dilution test further confirmed the persistent release of nerolidol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lin
- 1The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Product of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 310013 Zhejiang People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanxu Shi
- 2Institute of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang People's Republic of China
| | - Chunwang Dong
- 3Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008 Zhejiang People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochang Wang
- 2Institute of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang People's Republic of China
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Jing T, Zhang N, Gao T, Zhao M, Jin J, Chen Y, Xu M, Wan X, Schwab W, Song C. Glucosylation of (Z)-3-hexenol informs intraspecies interactions in plants: A case study in Camellia sinensis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2019; 42:1352-1367. [PMID: 30421786 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plants emit a variety of volatiles in response to herbivore attack, and (Z)-3-hexenol and its glycosides have been shown to function as defence compounds. Although the ability to incorporate and convert (Z)-3-hexenol to glycosides is widely conserved in plants, the enzymes responsible for the glycosylation of (Z)-3-hexenol remained unknown until today. In this study, uridine-diphosphate-dependent glycosyltransferase (UGT) candidate genes were selected by correlation analysis and their response to airborne (Z)-3-hexenol, which has been shown to be taken up by the tea plant. The allelic proteins UGT85A53-1 and UGT85A53-2 showed the highest activity towards (Z)-3-hexenol and are distinct from UGT85A53-3, which displayed a similar catalytic efficiency for (Z)-3-hexenol and nerol. A single amino acid exchange E59D enhanced the activity towards (Z)-3-hexenol, whereas a L445M mutation reduced the catalytic activity towards all substrates tested. Transient overexpression of CsUGT85A53-1 in tobacco significantly increased the level of (Z)-3-hexenyl glucoside. The functional characterization of CsUGT85A53 as a (Z)-3-hexenol UGT not only provides the foundation for the biotechnological production of (Z)-3-hexenyl glucoside but also delivers insights for the development of novel insect pest control strategies in tea plant and might be generally applicable to other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Na Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ting Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Mingyue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jieyang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yongxian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Miaojing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaochun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wilfried Schwab
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Chuankui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Influence of Chloroplast Defects on Formation of Jasmonic Acid and Characteristic Aroma Compounds in Tea ( Camellia sinensis) Leaves Exposed to Postharvest Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051044. [PMID: 30818885 PMCID: PMC6429154 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Characteristic aroma formation in tea (Camellia sinensis) leaves during the oolong tea manufacturing process might result from the defense responses of tea leaves against these various stresses, which involves upregulation of the upstream signal phytohormones related to leaf chloroplasts, such as jasmonic acid (JA). Whether chloroplast changes affect the formation of JA and characteristic aroma compounds in tea leaves exposed to stresses is unknown. In tea germplasms, albino-induced yellow tea leaves have defects in chloroplast ultrastructure and composition. Herein, we have compared the differential responses of phytohormone and characteristic aroma compound formation in normal green and albino-induced yellow tea leaves exposed to continuous wounding stress, which is the main stress in oolong tea manufacture. In contrast to single wounding stress (from picking, as a control), continuous wounding stress can upregulate the expression of CsMYC2, a key transcription factor of JA signaling, and activate the synthesis of JA and characteristic aroma compounds in both normal tea leaves (normal chloroplasts) and albino tea leaves (chloroplast defects). Chloroplast defects had no significant effect on the expression levels of CsMYC2 and JA synthesis-related genes in response to continuous wounding stress, but reduced the increase in JA content in response to continuous wounding stress. Furthermore, chloroplast defects reduced the increase in volatile fatty acid derivatives, including jasmine lactone and green leaf volatile contents, in response to continuous wounding stress. Overall, the formation of metabolites derived from fatty acids, such as JA, jasmine lactone, and green leaf volatiles in tea leaves, in response to continuous wounding stress, was affected by chloroplast defects. This information will improve understanding of the relationship of the stress responses of JA and aroma compound formation with chloroplast changes in tea.
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Peng Q, Zhou Y, Liao Y, Zeng L, Xu X, Jia Y, Dong F, Li J, Tang J, Yang Z. Functional Characterization of An Allene Oxide Synthase Involved in Biosynthesis of Jasmonic Acid and Its Influence on Metabolite Profiles and Ethylene Formation in Tea ( Camellia sinensis) Flowers. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2440. [PMID: 30126188 PMCID: PMC6121675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Jasmonic acid (JA) is reportedly involved in the interaction between insects and the vegetative parts of horticultural crops; less attention has, however, been paid to its involvement in the interaction between insects and the floral parts of horticultural crops. Previously, we investigated the allene oxide synthase 2 (AOS2) gene that was found to be the only JA synthesis gene upregulated in tea (Camellia sinensis) flowers exposed to insect (Thrips hawaiiensis (Morgan)) attacks. In our present study, transient expression analysis in Nicotiana benthamiana plants confirmed that CsAOS2 functioned in JA synthesis and was located in the chloroplast membrane. In contrast to tea leaves, the metabolite profiles of tea flowers were not significantly affected by 10 h JA (2.5 mM) treatment as determined using ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Moreover, JA treatment did not significantly influence ethylene formation in tea flowers. These results suggest that JA in tea flowers may have different functions from JA in tea leaves and other flowers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyuan Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Ying Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China.
| | - Yinyin Liao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Lanting Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Xinlan Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China.
| | - Yongxia Jia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China.
| | - Fang Dong
- Guangdong Food and Drug Vocational College, Longdongbei Road 321, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510520, China.
| | - Jianlong Li
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation and Utilization, Dafeng Road 6, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Jinchi Tang
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation and Utilization, Dafeng Road 6, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Ziyin Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
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Zeng L, Zhou Y, Fu X, Liao Y, Yuan Y, Jia Y, Dong F, Yang Z. Biosynthesis of Jasmine Lactone in Tea ( Camellia sinensis) Leaves and Its Formation in Response to Multiple Stresses. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:3899-3909. [PMID: 29605993 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Jasmine lactone has a potent odor that contributes to the fruity, sweet floral aroma of tea ( Camellia sinensis). Our previous study demonstrated that jasmine lactone was mostly accumulated at the turnover stage of the oolong tea manufacturing process. This study investigates the previously unknown mechanism of formation of jasmine lactone in tea leaves exposed to multiple stresses occurring during the growth and manufacturing processes. Both continuous mechanical damage and the dual stress of low temperature and mechanical damage enhanced jasmine lactone accumulation in tea leaves. In addition, only one pathway, via hydroperoxy fatty acids from unsaturated fatty acid, including linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid, under the action of lipoxygenases (LOXs), especially CsLOX1, was significantly affected by these stresses. This is the first evidence of the mechanism of jasmine lactone formation in tea leaves and is a characteristic example of plant volatile formation in response to dual stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanting Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xingke Road 723 , Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xingke Road 723 , Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650 , China
| | - Xiumin Fu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xingke Road 723 , Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650 , China
| | - Yinyin Liao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xingke Road 723 , Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650 , China
| | - Yunfei Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xingke Road 723 , Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650 , China
| | - Yongxia Jia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xingke Road 723 , Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650 , China
| | - Fang Dong
- Guangdong Food and Drug Vocational College, Longdongbei Road 321 , Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510520 , China
| | - Ziyin Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xingke Road 723 , Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road , Beijing 100049 , China
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