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Cheng B, Zhou Q, Li L, Hassan MJ, Zeng W, Peng Y, Li Z. Foliar Application of Chitosan (CTS), γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA), or Sodium Chloride (NaCl) Mitigates Summer Bentgrass Decline in the Subtropical Zone. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1773. [PMID: 38999613 PMCID: PMC11244376 DOI: 10.3390/plants13131773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) is an excellent cool-season turfgrass that is widely used in urban gardening, landscaping, and golf turf. Triennial field experiments from 2017 to 2019 were conducted to investigate effects of the foliar application of chitosan (CTS), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), or sodium chloride (NaCl) on mitigating summer bentgrass decline (SBD) and exploring the CTS, GABA, or NaCl regulatory mechanism of tolerance to summer heat stress associated with changes in chlorophyll (Chl) loss and photosynthetic capacity, osmotic adjustment (OA), oxidative damage, and cell membrane stability. The findings demonstrated that persistent ambient high temperatures above 30 °C during the summer months of 2017, 2018, and 2019 significantly reduced the turf quality (TQ), Chl content, photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm and PIABS), leaf relative water content, and osmotic potential (OP) but significantly increased electrolyte leakage (EL) and the accumulations of free proline, water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and malondialdehyde (MDA). The foliar application of CTS, GABA, or NaCl could significantly alleviate SBD, as reflected by improved TQ and delayed Chl loss during hot summer months. Heat-induced declines in Fv/Fm, PIABS, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), the transpiration rate (Tr), and water use efficiency (WUE) could be significantly mitigated by the exogenous application of CTS, GABA, or NaCl. In addition, the foliar application of CTS, GABA, or NaCl also significantly improved the accumulations of free proline and WSC but reduced the EL, OP, and H2O2 content and the MDA content in leaves of creeping bentgrass in favor of water and redox homeostasis in summer. Based on the comprehensive evaluation of the subordinate function value analysis (SFVA), the CTS had the best effect on the mitigation of SBD, followed by GABA and NaCl in 2017, 2018, and 2019. The current study indicates that the foliar application of an appropriate dose of GABA, CTS, or NaCl provides a cost-effective strategy for mitigating SBD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yan Peng
- Department of Turf Science and Engineering, College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (B.C.); (Q.Z.); (L.L.); (M.J.H.); (W.Z.)
| | - Zhou Li
- Department of Turf Science and Engineering, College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (B.C.); (Q.Z.); (L.L.); (M.J.H.); (W.Z.)
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Cong Y, Chen X, Xing J, Li X, Pang S, Liu H. Nitric oxide signal is required for glutathione-induced enhancement of photosynthesis in salt-stressed S olanum lycopersicum L. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1413653. [PMID: 38952846 PMCID: PMC11215142 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1413653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Reduced glutathione (γ-glutamyl-cysteinyl-glycine, GSH), the primary non-protein sulfhydryl group in organisms, plays a pivotal role in the plant salt stress response. This study aimed to explore the impact of GSH on the photosynthetic apparatus, and carbon assimilation in tomato plants under salt stress, and then investigate the role of nitric oxide (NO) in this process. The investigation involved foliar application of 5 mM GSH, 0.1% (w/v) hemoglobin (Hb, a nitric oxide scavenger), and GSH+Hb on the endogenous NO levels, rapid chlorophyll fluorescence, enzyme activities, and gene expression related to the Calvin cycle in tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. 'Zhongshu No. 4') subjected short-term salt stress (100 mM NaCl) for 24, 48 and 72 hours. GSH treatment notably boosted nitrate reductase (NR) and NO synthase (NOS) activities, elevating endogenous NO signaling in salt-stressed tomato seedling leaves. It also mitigated chlorophyll fluorescence (OJIP) curve distortion and damage to the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) induced by salt stress. Furthermore, GSH improved photosystem II (PSII) electron transfer efficiency, reduced QA - accumulation, and countered salt stress effects on photosystem I (PSI) redox properties, enhancing the light energy absorption index (PIabs). Additionally, GSH enhanced key enzyme activities in the Calvin cycle and upregulated their genes. Exogenous GSH optimized PSII energy utilization via endogenous NO, safeguarded the photosynthetic reaction center, improved photochemical and energy efficiency, and boosted carbon assimilation, ultimately enhancing net photosynthetic efficiency (Pn) in salt-stressed tomato seedling leaves. Conversely, Hb hindered Pn reduction and NO signaling under salt stress and weakened the positive effects of GSH on NO levels, photosynthetic apparatus, and carbon assimilation in tomato plants. Thus, the positive regulation of photosynthesis in tomato seedlings under salt stress by GSH requires the involvement of NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yundan Cong
- Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Contruction Crops, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xianjun Chen
- School of Life and Health Science, Kaili University, Kaili, Guizhou, China
| | - Jiayi Xing
- Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Contruction Crops, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xuezhen Li
- Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Contruction Crops, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Shengqun Pang
- Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Contruction Crops, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Huiying Liu
- Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Contruction Crops, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
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Sugumar T, Shen G, Smith J, Zhang H. Creating Climate-Resilient Crops by Increasing Drought, Heat, and Salt Tolerance. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1238. [PMID: 38732452 PMCID: PMC11085490 DOI: 10.3390/plants13091238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Over the years, the changes in the agriculture industry have been inevitable, considering the need to feed the growing population. As the world population continues to grow, food security has become challenged. Resources such as arable land and freshwater have become scarce due to quick urbanization in developing countries and anthropologic activities; expanding agricultural production areas is not an option. Environmental and climatic factors such as drought, heat, and salt stresses pose serious threats to food production worldwide. Therefore, the need to utilize the remaining arable land and water effectively and efficiently and to maximize the yield to support the increasing food demand has become crucial. It is essential to develop climate-resilient crops that will outperform traditional crops under any abiotic stress conditions such as heat, drought, and salt, as well as these stresses in any combinations. This review provides a glimpse of how plant breeding in agriculture has evolved to overcome the harsh environmental conditions and what the future would be like.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharanya Sugumar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (T.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Guoxin Shen
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China;
| | - Jennifer Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (T.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (T.S.); (J.S.)
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Chao M, Huang L, Dong J, Chen Y, Hu G, Zhang Q, Zhang J, Wang Q. Molecular characterization and expression pattern of Rubisco activase gene GhRCAβ2 in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Genes Genomics 2024; 46:423-436. [PMID: 38324226 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-024-01494-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rubisco activase (RCA) is a pivotal enzyme that can catalyse the activation of Rubisco in carbon assimilation pathway. Many studies have shown that RCA may be a potential target for genetic manipulation aimed at enhancing photosynthetic efficiency and crop yield. OBJECTIVE To understand the biological function of the GhRCAβ2 gene in upland cotton, we cloned the coding sequence (CDS) of the GhRCAβ2 gene and investigated its sequence features, evolutionary relationship, subcellular localization, promoter sequence and expression pattern. METHODS The bioinformatics tools were used to analyze the sequence features of GhRCAβ2 protein. Transient transformation of Arabidopsis mesophyll protoplasts was performed to determine the subcellular localization of the GhRCAβ2 protein. The expression pattern of the GhRCAβ2 gene was examined by analyzing transcriptome data and using the quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). RESULTS The full-length CDS of GhRCAβ2 was 1317 bp, and it encoded a protein with a chloroplast transit peptide. The GhRCAβ2 had two conserved ATP-binding domains, and did not have the C-terminal extension (CTE) domain that was unique to the RCA α-isoform in plants. Evolutionarily, GhRCAβ2 was clustered in Group A, and had a close evolutionary relationship with the soybean RCA. Western blot analysis demonstrated that GhRCAβ2 was immunoreactive to the RCA antibody displaying a molecular weight similar to that of the RCA β-isoform. The GhRCAβ2 protein was found in chloroplast, aligning with its role as a vital enzyme in the process of photosynthesis. The GhRCAβ2 gene had a leaf tissue-specific expression pattern, and the yellow-green leaf mutant exhibited a decreased expression of GhRCAβ2 in comparison to the wild-type cotton plants. The GhRCAβ2 promoter contained several cis-acting elements that respond to light, phytohormones and stress, suggesting that the expression of GhRCAβ2 may be regulated by these factors. An additional examination of stress response indicated that GhRCAβ2 expression was influenced by cold, heat, salt, and drought stress. Notably, diverse expression pattern was observed across different stress conditions. Additionally, low phosphorus and low potassium stress may result in a notable reduction in the expression of GhRCAβ2 gene. CONCLUSION Our findings will establish a basis for further understanding the function of the GhRCAβ2 gene, as well as providing valuable genetic knowledge to improve cotton photosynthetic efficiency and yield under challenging environmental circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoni Chao
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Key Laboratory Molecular Ecology and Germplasm Innovation of Cotton and Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Ling Huang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Key Laboratory Molecular Ecology and Germplasm Innovation of Cotton and Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Jie Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Genhai Hu
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Key Laboratory Molecular Ecology and Germplasm Innovation of Cotton and Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Qiufang Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Key Laboratory Molecular Ecology and Germplasm Innovation of Cotton and Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Jinbao Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Key Laboratory Molecular Ecology and Germplasm Innovation of Cotton and Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Qinglian Wang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Key Laboratory Molecular Ecology and Germplasm Innovation of Cotton and Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
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Aliakbari M, Tahmasebi S, Sisakht JN. Jasmonic acid improves barley photosynthetic efficiency through a possible regulatory module, MYC2-RcaA, under combined drought and salinity stress. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2024; 159:69-78. [PMID: 38329704 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-023-01074-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
The combined stress of drought and salinity is prevalent in various regions of the world, affects several physiological and biochemical processes in crops, and causes their yield to decrease. Photosynthesis is one of the main processes that are disturbed by combined stress. Therefore, improving the photosynthetic efficiency of crops is one of the most promising strategies to overcome environmental stresses, making studying the molecular basis of regulation of photosynthesis a necessity. In this study, we sought a potential mechanism that regulated a major component of the combined stress response in the important crop barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), namely the Rubisco activase A (RcaA) gene. Promoter analysis of the RcaA gene led to identifying Jasmonic acid (JA)-responsive elements with a high occurrence. Specifically, a Myelocytomatosis oncogenes 2 (MYC2) transcription factor binding site was highlighted as a plausible functional promoter motif. We conducted a controlled greenhouse experiment with an abiotic stress-susceptible barley genotype and evaluated expression profiling of the RcaA and MYC2 genes, photosynthetic parameters, plant water status, and cell membrane damages under JA, combined drought and salinity stress (CS) and JA + CS treatments. Our results showed that applying JA enhances barley's photosynthetic efficiency and water relations and considerably compensates for the adverse effects of combined stress. Significant association was observed among gene expression profiles and evaluated physiochemical characteristics. The results showed a plausible regulatory route through the JA-dependent MYC2-RcaA module involved in photosynthesis regulation and combined stress tolerance. These findings provide valuable knowledge for further functional studies of the regulation of photosynthesis under abiotic stresses toward the development of multiple-stress-tolerant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massume Aliakbari
- Department of Crop Production and Plant Breeding, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Sirous Tahmasebi
- Department of Seed and Plant Improvement Research, Fars Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Javad Nouripour Sisakht
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, College of Agricultural Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
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KhokharVoytas A, Shahbaz M, Maqsood MF, Zulfiqar U, Naz N, Iqbal UZ, Sara M, Aqeel M, Khalid N, Noman A, Zulfiqar F, Al Syaad KM, AlShaqhaa MA. Genetic modification strategies for enhancing plant resilience to abiotic stresses in the context of climate change. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:283. [PMID: 37642792 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01202-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing the resilience of plants to abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, heat, and cold, is crucial for ensuring global food security challenge in the context of climate change. The adverse effects of climate change, characterized by rising temperatures, shifting rainfall patterns, and increased frequency of extreme weather events, pose significant threats to agricultural systems worldwide. Genetic modification strategies offer promising approaches to develop crops with improved abiotic stress tolerance. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of various genetic modification techniques employed to enhance plant resilience. These strategies include the introduction of stress-responsive genes, transcription factors, and regulatory elements to enhance stress signaling pathways. Additionally, the manipulation of hormone signaling pathways, osmoprotectant accumulation, and antioxidant defense mechanisms is discussed. The use of genome editing tools, such as CRISPR-Cas9, for precise modification of target genes related to stress tolerance is also explored. Furthermore, the challenges and future prospects of genetic modification for abiotic stress tolerance are highlighted. Understanding and harnessing the potential of genetic modification strategies can contribute to the development of resilient crop varieties capable of withstanding adverse environmental conditions caused by climate change, thereby ensuring sustainable agricultural productivity and food security.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Shahbaz
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | | | - Usman Zulfiqar
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Nargis Naz
- Department of Botany, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Usama Zafar Iqbal
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Maheen Sara
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aqeel
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems (SKLHIGA), College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Noreen Khalid
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Ali Noman
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Zulfiqar
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Khalid M Al Syaad
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
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Balasubramaniam T, Shen G, Esmaeili N, Zhang H. Plants' Response Mechanisms to Salinity Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2253. [PMID: 37375879 DOI: 10.3390/plants12122253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization is a severe abiotic stress that negatively affects plant growth and development, leading to physiological abnormalities and ultimately threatening global food security. The condition arises from excessive salt accumulation in the soil, primarily due to anthropogenic activities such as irrigation, improper land uses, and overfertilization. The presence of Na⁺, Cl-, and other related ions in the soil above normal levels can disrupt plant cellular functions and lead to alterations in essential metabolic processes such as seed germination and photosynthesis, causing severe damage to plant tissues and even plant death in the worst circumstances. To counteract the effects of salt stress, plants have developed various mechanisms, including modulating ion homeostasis, ion compartmentalization and export, and the biosynthesis of osmoprotectants. Recent advances in genomic and proteomic technologies have enabled the identification of genes and proteins involved in plant salt-tolerance mechanisms. This review provides a short overview of the impact of salinity stress on plants and the underlying mechanisms of salt-stress tolerance, particularly the functions of salt-stress-responsive genes associated with these mechanisms. This review aims at summarizing recent advances in our understanding of salt-stress tolerance mechanisms, providing the key background knowledge for improving crops' salt tolerance, which could contribute to the yield and quality enhancement in major crops grown under saline conditions or in arid and semiarid regions of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guoxin Shen
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Nardana Esmaeili
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
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Zha Q, Yin X, Xi X, Jiang A. Heterologous VvDREB2c Expression Improves Heat Tolerance in Arabidopsis by Inducing Photoprotective Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065989. [PMID: 36983065 PMCID: PMC10053783 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Extreme temperatures limit grape production and sustainability. Dehydration-responsive element-binding (DREB) transcription factors affect plant responses to temperature related stresses. Therefore, we investigated the role of VvDREB2c, a DREB-coding gene, found in grapes (Vitis vinifera L.). Protein characterization revealed that VvDREB2c is localized to the nucleus and that its AP2/ERF domain contains three β-sheets and one α-helix sheet. Analysis of the VvDREB2c promoter region revealed the presence of light-, hormone-, and stress-related cis-acting elements. Furthermore, we observed that the heterologous expression of VvDREB2c in Arabidopsis improved growth, drought tolerance, and heat tolerance. Furthermore, it improved the leaf quantum yield of regulated energy dissipation [Y(NPQ)], elevated the activities of RuBisCO, and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and reduced the quantum yield of non-regulated energy dissipation [Y(NO)] in plants exposed to high temperatures. VvDREB2c-overexpressing lines also specifically upregulated several photosynthesis-related genes (CSD2, HSP21, and MYB102). In addition, VvDREB2c-overexpressing lines reduced light damage and enhanced photoprotective ability by dissipating excess light energy and converting it into heat, which eventually improves tolerance to high temperature. The contents of abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, and salicylic acid and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway were affected by heat stress in VvDREB2c-overexpressing lines, which indicated that VvDREB2c positively regulates heat tolerance via a hormonal pathway in Arabidopsis. VvDREB2c promotes heat tolerance in Arabidopsis by exerting effects on photosynthesis, hormones, and growth conditions. This study may provide useful insights into the enrichment of the heat-tolerance pathways in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zha
- Research Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
- Shanghai Key Labs of the Protected Horticultural Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Xiangjing Yin
- Research Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
- Shanghai Key Labs of the Protected Horticultural Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Xiaojun Xi
- Research Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
- Shanghai Key Labs of the Protected Horticultural Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Aili Jiang
- Research Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
- Shanghai Key Labs of the Protected Horticultural Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
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Co-overexpression of RCA and AVP1 in cotton substantially improves fiber yield for cotton under drought, moderate heat, and salt stress conditions. CURRENT RESEARCH IN BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crbiot.2023.100123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
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Qu Y, Mueller-Cajar O, Yamori W. Improving plant heat tolerance through modification of Rubisco activase in C3 plants to secure crop yield and food security in a future warming world. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:591-599. [PMID: 35981868 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The world's population may reach 10 billion by 2050, but 10% still suffer from food shortages. At the same time, global warming threatens food security by decreasing crop yields, so it is necessary to develop crops with enhanced resistance to high temperatures in order to secure the food supply. In this review, the role of Rubisco activase as an important factor in plant heat tolerance is summarized, based on the conclusions of recent findings. Rubisco activase is a molecular chaperone determining the activation of Rubisco, whose heat sensitivity causes reductions of photosynthesis at high temperatures. Thus, the thermostability of Rubisco activase is considered to be critical for improving plant heat tolerance. It has been shown that the introduction of thermostable Rubisco activase through gene editing into Arabidopsis thaliana and from heat-adapted wild Oryza species or C4Zea mays into Oryza sativa improves Rubisco activation, photosynthesis, and plant growth at high temperatures. We propose that developing a universal thermostable Rubisco activase could be a promising direction for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Qu
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Institute for Sustainable Agri-ecosystem Services, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Wataru Yamori
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Institute for Sustainable Agri-ecosystem Services, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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11
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Kahraman N, Pehlivan N. Harboured cation/proton antiporters modulate stress response to integrated heat and salt via up-regulating KIN1 and GOLS1 in double transgenic Arabidopsis. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2022; 49:1070-1084. [PMID: 36031594 DOI: 10.1071/fp21334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recent research has pointed to improved salt tolerance by co-overexpression of Arabidopsis thaliana NHX1 (Na+ /H+ antiporter) and SOS1 (Salt Overly Sensitive1). However, functionality under salt stress accompanying heat is less understood in double transgenics. To further advance possible co-operational interactions of AtNHX1 (N) and AtSOS1 (S) under combined stress, modulation of osmolyte, redox, energy, and abscisic acid metabolism genes was analysed. The expression of the target BIP3 , KIN1 , GOLS1 , OHP2 , and CYCA3;2 in transgenic Arabidopsis seedlings were significantly regulated towards a dramatic suppression by ionic, osmotic, and heat stresses. AtNHX1 and AtSOS1 co-overexpression (NS) outpaced the single transgenics and control in terms of membrane disorganisation and the electrolyte leakage of the cell damage caused by heat and salt stress in seedlings. While NaCl slightly induced CYCA3;2 in transgenics, combined stress up-regulated KIN1 and GOLS1 , not other genes. Single N and S transgenics overexpressing AtNHX1 and AtSOS1 only appeared similar in their growth and development; however, different to WT and NS dual transgenics under heat+salt stress. Seed germination, cotyledon survival, and hypocotyl length were less influenced by combined stress in NS double transgenic lines than in single N and S and wild type. Stress combination caused significant reprogramming of gene expression profiles, mainly towards downregulation, possibly as a trade-off strategy. Analysing phenotypic, cellular, and transcriptional responses regulating growth facets of tolerant transgenic genotypes may support the ongoing efforts to achieve combined salt and heat tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihal Kahraman
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Biology Department, Rize, Turkey
| | - Necla Pehlivan
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Biology Department, Rize, Turkey
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Esmaeili N, Shen G, Zhang H. Genetic manipulation for abiotic stress resistance traits in crops. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1011985. [PMID: 36212298 PMCID: PMC9533083 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1011985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses are major limiting factors that pose severe threats to agricultural production. Conventional breeding has significantly improved crop productivity in the last century, but traditional breeding has reached its maximum capacity due to the multigenic nature of abiotic stresses. Alternatively, biotechnological approaches could provide new opportunities for producing crops that can adapt to the fast-changing environment and still produce high yields under severe environmental stress conditions. Many stress-related genes have been identified and manipulated to generate stress-tolerant plants in the past decades, which could lead to further increase in food production in most countries of the world. This review focuses on the recent progress in using transgenic technology and gene editing technology to improve abiotic stress tolerance in plants, and highlights the potential of using genetic engineering to secure food and fiber supply in a world with an increasing population yet decreasing land and water availability for food production and fast-changing climate that will be largely hostile to agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nardana Esmaeili
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Guoxin Shen
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sericultural Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
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13
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Mao F, Wu D, Lu F, Yi X, Gu Y, Liu B, Liu F, Tang T, Shi J, Zhao X, Liu L, Ji L. QTL mapping and candidate gene analysis of low temperature germination in rice ( Oryza sativa L.) using a genome wide association study. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13407. [PMID: 35578671 PMCID: PMC9107303 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Low temperature germination (LTG) is a key agronomic trait in rice (Oryza sativa L.). However, the genetic basis of natural variation for LTG is largely unknown. Here, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed using 276 accessions from the 3,000 Rice Genomes (3K-RG) project with 497 k single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to uncover potential genes for LTG in rice. In total, 37 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) from the 6th day (D6) to the 10th day (D10) were detected in the full population, overlapping with 12 previously reported QTLs for LTG. One novel QTL, namely qLTG1-2, was found stably on D7 in both 2019 and 2020. Based on two germination-specific transcriptome datasets, 13 seed-expressed genes were isolated within a 200 kb interval of qLTG1-2. Combining with haplotype analysis, a functional uncharacterized gene, LOC_Os01g23580, and a seed germination-associated gene, LOC_Os01g23620 (OsSar1a), as promising candidate genes, both of which were significantly differentially expressed between high and low LTG accessions. Collectively, the candidate genes with favorable alleles may be useful for the future characterization of the LTG mechanism and the improvement of the LTG trait in rice breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Mao
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agriculture Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Depeng Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agriculture Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environment Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fangfang Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agriculture Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Yi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agriculture Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environment Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yujuan Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agriculture Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agriculture Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fuxia Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agriculture Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environment Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tang Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agriculture Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environment Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianxin Shi
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangxiang Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agriculture Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environment Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agriculture Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environment Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lilian Ji
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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14
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Ashrafi M, Azimi-Moqadam MR, MohseniFard E, Shekari F, Jafary H, Moradi P, Pucci M, Abate G, Mastinu A. Physiological and Molecular Aspects of Two Thymus Species Differently Sensitive to Drought Stress. BIOTECH 2022; 11:8. [PMID: 35822781 PMCID: PMC9264393 DOI: 10.3390/biotech11020008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought is one of the most important threats to plants and agriculture. Here, the effects of four drought levels (90%, 55%, 40%, and 25% field capacity) on the relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll and carotenoids levels, and mRNA gene expression of metabolic enzymes in Thymus vulgaris (as sensitive to drought) and Thymus kotschyanus (as a drought-tolerant species) were evaluated. The physiological results showed that the treatment predominantly affected the RWC, chlorophyll, and carotenoids content. The gene expression analysis demonstrated that moderate and severe drought stress had greater effects on the expression of histone deacetylase-6 (HDA-6) and acetyl-CoA synthetase in both Thymus species. Pyruvate decarboxylase-1 (PDC-1) was upregulated in Thymus vulgaris at high drought levels. Finally, succinyl CoA ligase was not affected by drought stress in either species. Data confirmed water stress is able to alter the gene expression of specific enzymes. Furthermore, our results suggest that PDC-1 expression is independent from HDA-6 and the increased expression of ACS can be due to the activation of new pathways involved in carbohydrate production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Ashrafi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45195-313, Iran; (M.A.); (E.M.); (F.S.)
| | - Mohammad-Reza Azimi-Moqadam
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45195-313, Iran; (M.A.); (E.M.); (F.S.)
| | - Ehsan MohseniFard
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45195-313, Iran; (M.A.); (E.M.); (F.S.)
| | - Farid Shekari
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45195-313, Iran; (M.A.); (E.M.); (F.S.)
| | - Hossein Jafary
- Research Division of Plant Protection, Zanjan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Centre, AREEO, Zanjan 45195-313, Iran;
| | - Parviz Moradi
- Research Division of Natural Resources, Zanjan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Centre, AREEO, Zanjan 45195-313, Iran
| | - Mariachiara Pucci
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (M.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Giulia Abate
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (M.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Andrea Mastinu
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (M.P.); (A.M.)
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15
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Bhardwaj A, Devi P, Chaudhary S, Rani A, Jha UC, Kumar S, Bindumadhava H, Prasad PVV, Sharma KD, Siddique KHM, Nayyar H. 'Omics' approaches in developing combined drought and heat tolerance in food crops. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2022; 41:699-739. [PMID: 34223931 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02742-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Global climate change will significantly increase the intensity and frequency of hot, dry days. The simultaneous occurrence of drought and heat stress is also likely to increase, influencing various agronomic characteristics, such as biomass and other growth traits, phenology, and yield-contributing traits, of various crops. At the same time, vital physiological traits will be seriously disrupted, including leaf water content, canopy temperature depression, membrane stability, photosynthesis, and related attributes such as chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, and chlorophyll fluorescence. Several metabolic processes contributing to general growth and development will be restricted, along with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that negatively affect cellular homeostasis. Plants have adaptive defense strategies, such as ROS-scavenging mechanisms, osmolyte production, secondary metabolite modulation, and different phytohormones, which can help distinguish tolerant crop genotypes. Understanding plant responses to combined drought/heat stress at various organizational levels is vital for developing stress-resilient crops. Elucidating the genomic, proteomic, and metabolic responses of various crops, particularly tolerant genotypes, to identify tolerance mechanisms will markedly enhance the continuing efforts to introduce combined drought/heat stress tolerance. Besides agronomic management, genetic engineering and molecular breeding approaches have great potential in this direction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Poonam Devi
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Anju Rani
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Shiv Kumar
- International Center for Agriculture Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat, Morocco
| | - H Bindumadhava
- Dr. Marri Channa Reddy Foundation (MCRF), Hyderabad, India
| | | | | | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Harsh Nayyar
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
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16
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Rawat N, Wungrampha S, Singla-Pareek SL, Yu M, Shabala S, Pareek A. Rewilding staple crops for the lost halophytism: Toward sustainability and profitability of agricultural production systems. MOLECULAR PLANT 2022; 15:45-64. [PMID: 34915209 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stress tolerance has been weakened during the domestication of all major staple crops. Soil salinity is a major environmental constraint that impacts over half of the world population; however, given the increasing reliance on irrigation and the lack of available freshwater, agriculture in the 21st century will increasingly become saline. Therefore, global food security is critically dependent on the ability of plant breeders to create high-yielding staple crop varieties that will incorporate salinity tolerance traits and account for future climate scenarios. Previously, we have argued that the current agricultural practices and reliance on crops that exclude salt from uptake is counterproductive and environmentally unsustainable, and thus called for a need for a major shift in a breeding paradigm to incorporate some halophytic traits that were present in wild relatives but were lost in modern crops during domestication. In this review, we provide a comprehensive physiological and molecular analysis of the key traits conferring crop halophytism, such as vacuolar Na+ sequestration, ROS desensitization, succulence, metabolic photosynthetic switch, and salt deposition in trichomes, and discuss the strategies for incorporating them into elite germplasm, to address a pressing issue of boosting plant salinity tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishtha Rawat
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Lab, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Silas Wungrampha
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Lab, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Sneh L Singla-Pareek
- Plant Stress Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Min Yu
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Sergey Shabala
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China; Tasmanian Institute for Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart Tas 7001, Australia.
| | - Ashwani Pareek
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Lab, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India; National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali 140306, India.
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17
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Li X, Zhong M, Qu L, Yang J, Liu X, Zhao Q, Liu X, Zhao X. AtMYB32 regulates the ABA response by targeting ABI3, ABI4 and ABI5 and the drought response by targeting CBF4 in Arabidopsis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 310:110983. [PMID: 34315599 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.110983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Arabidopsis thaliana R2R3-MYB transcription factor AtMYB32 and its homologs AtMYB4 and AtMYB7 play crucial roles in the regulation of phenylpropanoid metabolism. In addition, AtMYB4 and AtMYB7 are involved in the response to abiotic stress. However, the function of AtMYB32 remains unclear. In this study, we found that AtMYB32 is induced by abscisic acid (ABA) and repressed by drought stress. AtMYB32 positively regulates ABA-mediated seed germination and early seedling development. The expression of ABSCISIC ACID-INSENSITIVE 3 (ABI3), ABI4 and ABI5, which encode key positive regulators of ABA signaling, was upregulated in response to ABA in AtMYB32-overexpressing plants and downregulated in the atmyb32-1 mutant. In addition, we found that the atmyb32-1 mutant was drought resistant. Consistent with the drought-resistant phenotype, the transcript levels of C-repeat binding factor 4 (CBF4) were higher in the atmyb32-1 mutant in response to drought stress. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays revealed that AtMYB32 binds directly to the ABI3, ABI4, ABI5 and CBF4 promoters both in vitro and in vivo. Genetically, ABI4 was found to be epistatic to AtMYB32 for ABA-induced inhibition of seed germination and early seedling development. Taken together, our findings revealed that AtMYB32 regulates the ABA response by directly promoting ABI3, ABI4 and ABI5 expression and that the drought stress response likely occurs because of repression of CBF4 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmei Li
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Hybrid Rape Engineering and Technology Research Center, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Ming Zhong
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Hybrid Rape Engineering and Technology Research Center, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Lina Qu
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Hybrid Rape Engineering and Technology Research Center, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Jiaxin Yang
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Hybrid Rape Engineering and Technology Research Center, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Xueqing Liu
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Hybrid Rape Engineering and Technology Research Center, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Hybrid Rape Engineering and Technology Research Center, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Xuanming Liu
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Hybrid Rape Engineering and Technology Research Center, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
| | - Xiaoying Zhao
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Hybrid Rape Engineering and Technology Research Center, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
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18
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Wijewardene I, Shen G, Zhang H. Enhancing crop yield by using Rubisco activase to improve photosynthesis under elevated temperatures. STRESS BIOLOGY 2021; 1:2. [PMID: 37676541 PMCID: PMC10429496 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-021-00002-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid growth of world population, it is essential to increase agricultural productivity to feed the growing population. Over the past decades, many methods have been used to increase crop yields. Despite the success in boosting the crop yield through these methods, global food production still needs to be increased to be on par with the increasing population and its dynamic consumption patterns. Additionally, given the prevailing environmental conditions pertaining to the global temperature increase, heat stress will likely be a critical factor that negatively affects plant biomass and crop yield. One of the key elements hindering photosynthesis and plant productivity under heat stress is the thermo-sensitivity of the Rubisco activase (RCA), a molecular chaperone that converts Rubisco back to active form after it becomes inactive. It would be an attractive and practical strategy to maintain photosynthetic activity under elevated temperatures by enhancing the thermo-stability of RCA. In this context, this review discusses the need to improve the thermo-tolerance of RCA under current climatic conditions and to further study RCA structure and regulation, and its limitations at elevated temperatures. This review summarizes successful results and provides a perspective on RCA research and its implication in improving crop yield under elevated temperature conditions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inosha Wijewardene
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.
| | - Guoxin Shen
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.
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19
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Yue L, Li G, Dai Y, Sun X, Li F, Zhang S, Zhang H, Sun R, Zhang S. Gene co-expression network analysis of the heat-responsive core transcriptome identifies hub genes in Brassica rapa. PLANTA 2021; 253:111. [PMID: 33905008 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-021-03630-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Gene co-expression network analysis of the heat-responsive core transcriptome in two contrasting Brassica rapa accessions reveals the main metabolic pathways, key modules and hub genes, are involved in long-term heat stress. Brassica rapa is a widely cultivated and economically important vegetable in Asia. High temperature is a common stress that severely impacts leaf head formation in B. rapa, resulting in reduced quality and production. The purpose of this study was thus to identify candidate heat tolerance genes by comparative transcriptome analysis of two contrasting B. rapa accessions in response to long-term heat stress. Two B. rapa accessions, '268' and '334', which showed significant differences in heat tolerance, were used for RNA sequencing analysis. We identified a total of 11,055 and 8921 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in '268' and '334', respectively. Functional enrichment analyses of all of the identified DEGs, together with the genes identified from weighted gene co-expression network analyses (WGCNA), revealed that the autophagy pathway, glutathione metabolism, and ribosome biogenesis in eukaryotes were significantly up-regulated, whereas photosynthesis was down-regulated, in the heat resistance of B. rapa '268'. Furthermore, when B. rapa '334' was subjected to long-term high-temperature stress, heat stress caused significant changes in the expression of certain functional genes linked to protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum and plant hormone signal transduction pathways. Autophagy-related genes might have been induced by persistent heat stress and remained high during recovery. Several hub genes like HSP17.6, HSP17.6B, HSP70-8, CLPB1, PAP1, PYR1, ADC2, and GSTF11 were discussed in this study, which may be potential candidates for further analyses of the response to long-term heat stress. These results should help elucidate the molecular mechanisms of heat stress adaptation in B. rapa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Yue
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhongguancun, Nandajie No. 12, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoliang Li
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhongguancun, Nandajie No. 12, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Dai
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhongguancun, Nandajie No. 12, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Sun
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhongguancun, Nandajie No. 12, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Li
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhongguancun, Nandajie No. 12, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Shifan Zhang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhongguancun, Nandajie No. 12, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhongguancun, Nandajie No. 12, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Rifei Sun
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhongguancun, Nandajie No. 12, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujiang Zhang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhongguancun, Nandajie No. 12, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Chávez-Arias CC, Ligarreto-Moreno GA, Ramírez-Godoy A, Restrepo-Díaz H. Maize Responses Challenged by Drought, Elevated Daytime Temperature and Arthropod Herbivory Stresses: A Physiological, Biochemical and Molecular View. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:702841. [PMID: 34367221 PMCID: PMC8341156 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.702841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the main cereals grown around the world. It is used for human and animal nutrition and also as biofuel. However, as a direct consequence of global climate change, increased abiotic and biotic stress events have been reported in different regions of the world, which have become a threat to world maize yields. Drought and heat are environmental stresses that influence the growth, development, and yield processes of maize crops. Plants have developed dynamic responses at the physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels that allow them to escape, avoid and/or tolerate unfavorable environmental conditions. Arthropod herbivory can generate resistance or tolerance responses in plants that are associated with inducible and constitutive defenses. Increases in the frequency and severity of abiotic stress events (drought and heat), as a consequence of climate change, can generate critical variations in plant-insect interactions. However, the behavior of herbivorous arthropods under drought scenarios is not well understood, and this kind of stress may have some positive and negative effects on arthropod populations. The simultaneous appearance of different environmental stresses and biotic factors results in very complex plant responses. In this review, recent information is provided on the physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses of plants to the combination of drought, heat stress, and the effect on some arthropod pests of interest in the maize crop.
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