1
|
Peláez-Vico MÁ, Zandalinas SI, Devireddy AR, Sinha R, Mittler R. Systemic stomatal responses in plants: Coordinating development, stress, and pathogen defense under a changing climate. Plant Cell Environ 2024; 47:1171-1184. [PMID: 38164061 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
To successfully survive, develop, grow and reproduce, multicellular organisms must coordinate their molecular, physiological, developmental and metabolic responses among their different cells and tissues. This process is mediated by cell-to-cell, vascular and/or volatile communication, and involves electric, chemical and/or hydraulic signals. Within this context, stomata serve a dual role by coordinating their responses to the environment with their neighbouring cells at the epidermis, but also with other stomata present on other parts of the plant. As stomata represent one of the most important conduits between the plant and its above-ground environment, as well as directly affect photosynthesis, respiration and the hydraulic status of the plant by controlling its gas and vapour exchange with the atmosphere, coordinating the overall response of stomata within and between different leaves and tissues plays a cardinal role in plant growth, development and reproduction. Here, we discuss different examples of local and systemic stomatal coordination, the different signalling pathways that mediate them, and the importance of systemic stomatal coordination to our food supply, ecosystems and weather patterns, under our changing climate. We further discuss the potential biotechnological implications of regulating systemic stomatal responses for enhancing agricultural productivity in a warmer and CO2 -rich environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Ángeles Peláez-Vico
- Division of Plant Sciences and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Sara I Zandalinas
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Environmental Sciences, University Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - Amith R Devireddy
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation and Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ranjita Sinha
- Division of Plant Sciences and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Ron Mittler
- Division of Plant Sciences and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sato H, Mizoi J, Shinozaki K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K. Complex plant responses to drought and heat stress under climate change. Plant J 2024; 117:1873-1892. [PMID: 38168757 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Global climate change is predicted to result in increased yield losses of agricultural crops caused by environmental conditions. In particular, heat and drought stress are major factors that negatively affect plant development and reproduction, and previous studies have revealed how these stresses induce plant responses at physiological and molecular levels. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of current knowledge concerning how drought, heat, and combinations of these stress conditions affect the status of plants, including crops, by affecting factors such as stomatal conductance, photosynthetic activity, cellular oxidative conditions, metabolomic profiles, and molecular signaling mechanisms. We further discuss stress-responsive regulatory factors such as transcription factors and signaling factors, which play critical roles in adaptation to both drought and heat stress conditions and potentially function as 'hubs' in drought and/or heat stress responses. Additionally, we present recent findings based on forward genetic approaches that reveal natural variations in agricultural crops that play critical roles in agricultural traits under drought and/or heat conditions. Finally, we provide an overview of the application of decades of study results to actual agricultural fields as a strategy to increase drought and/or heat stress tolerance. This review summarizes our current understanding of plant responses to drought, heat, and combinations of these stress conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hikaru Sato
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8562, Japan
| | - Junya Mizoi
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Kazuo Shinozaki
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Kazuko Yamaguchi-Shinozaki
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
- Research Institute for Agricultural and Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuraoka, Setagara-ku, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pardo-Hernández M, Arbona V, Simón I, Rivero RM. Specific ABA-independent tomato transcriptome reprogramming under abiotic stress combination. Plant J 2024; 117:1746-1763. [PMID: 38284474 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Crops often have to face several abiotic stresses simultaneously, and under these conditions, the plant's response significantly differs from that observed under a single stress. However, up to the present, most of the molecular markers identified for increasing plant stress tolerance have been characterized under single abiotic stresses, which explains the unexpected results found when plants are tested under real field conditions. One important regulator of the plant's responses to abiotic stresses is abscisic acid (ABA). The ABA signaling system engages many stress-responsive genes, but many others do not respond to ABA treatments. Thus, the ABA-independent pathway, which is still largely unknown, involves multiple signaling pathways and important molecular components necessary for the plant's adaptation to climate change. In the present study, ABA-deficient tomato mutants (flacca, flc) were subjected to salinity, heat, or their combination. An in-depth RNA-seq analysis revealed that the combination of salinity and heat led to a strong reprogramming of the tomato transcriptome. Thus, of the 685 genes that were specifically regulated under this combination in our flc mutants, 463 genes were regulated by ABA-independent systems. Among these genes, we identified six transcription factors (TFs) that were significantly regulated, belonging to the R2R3-MYB family. A protein-protein interaction network showed that the TFs SlMYB50 and SlMYB86 were directly involved in the upregulation of the flavonol biosynthetic pathway-related genes. One of the most novel findings of the study is the identification of the involvement of some important ABA-independent TFs in the specific plant response to abiotic stress combination. Considering that ABA levels dramatically change in response to environmental factors, the study of ABA-independent genes that are specifically regulated under stress combination may provide a remarkable tool for increasing plant resilience to climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Pardo-Hernández
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Center of Edaphology and Applied Biology of Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus Universitario Espinardo, Ed 25, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Vicent Arbona
- Departament de Biologia, Bioquímica i Ciències Naturals, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, 12071, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Simón
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental (CIAGRO-UMH), Miguel Hernández University, Orihuela, Spain
| | - Rosa M Rivero
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Center of Edaphology and Applied Biology of Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus Universitario Espinardo, Ed 25, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
DeLoose M, Clúa J, Cho H, Zheng L, Masmoudi K, Desnos T, Krouk G, Nussaume L, Poirier Y, Rouached H. Recent advances in unraveling the mystery of combined nutrient stress in plants. Plant J 2024; 117:1764-1780. [PMID: 37921230 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Efficiently regulating growth to adapt to varying resource availability is crucial for organisms, including plants. In particular, the acquisition of essential nutrients is vital for plant development, as a shortage of just one nutrient can significantly decrease crop yield. However, plants constantly experience fluctuations in the presence of multiple essential mineral nutrients, leading to combined nutrient stress conditions. Unfortunately, our understanding of how plants perceive and respond to these multiple stresses remains limited. Unlocking this mystery could provide valuable insights and help enhance plant nutrition strategies. This review focuses specifically on the regulation of phosphorous homeostasis in plants, with a primary emphasis on recent studies that have shed light on the intricate interactions between phosphorous and other essential elements, such as nitrogen, iron, and zinc, as well as non-essential elements like aluminum and sodium. By summarizing and consolidating these findings, this review aims to contribute to a better understanding of how plants respond to and cope with combined nutrient stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan DeLoose
- The Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
- Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
| | - Joaquin Clúa
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Huikyong Cho
- The Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
- Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
| | - Luqing Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Khaled Masmoudi
- Department of Integrative Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Thierry Desnos
- Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, EBMP, UMR7265, Cité des énergies, 13115, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Gabriel Krouk
- IPSiM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Nussaume
- Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, EBMP, UMR7265, Cité des énergies, 13115, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Yves Poirier
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hatem Rouached
- The Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
- Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Balfagón D, Pascual LS, Sengupta S, Halliday KJ, Gómez-Cadenas A, Peláez-Vico MÁ, Sinha R, Mittler R, Zandalinas SI. WRKY48 negatively regulates plant acclimation to a combination of high light and heat stress. Plant J 2024; 117:1642-1655. [PMID: 38315509 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Plants growing under natural conditions experience high light (HL) intensities that are often accompanied by elevated temperatures. These conditions could affect photosynthesis, reduce yield, and negatively impact agricultural productivity. The combination of different abiotic challenges creates a new type of stress for plants by generating complex environmental conditions that often exceed the impact of their individual parts. Transcription factors (TFs) play a key role in integrating the different molecular signals generated by multiple stress conditions, orchestrating the acclimation response of plants to stress. In this study, we show that the TF WRKY48 negatively controls the acclimation of Arabidopsis thaliana plants to a combination of HL and heat stress (HL + HS), and its expression is attenuated by jasmonic acid under HL + HS conditions. Using comparative physiological and transcriptomic analyses between wild-type and wrky48 mutants, we further demonstrate that under control conditions, WRKY48 represses the expression of a set of transcripts that are specifically required for the acclimation of plants to HL + HS, hence its suppression during the HL + HS stress combination contributes to plant survival under these conditions. Accordingly, mutants that lack WRKY48 are more resistant to HL + HS, and transgenic plants that overexpress WRKY48 are more sensitive to it. Taken together, our findings reveal that WRKY48 is a negative regulator of the transcriptomic response of Arabidopsis to HL + HS and provide new insights into the complex regulatory networks of plant acclimation to stress combination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Damián Balfagón
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Natural Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castellón, Spain
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, 3H9 3BF, UK
| | - Lidia S Pascual
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Natural Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castellón, Spain
| | - Soham Sengupta
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Karen J Halliday
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, 3H9 3BF, UK
| | - Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Natural Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castellón, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Peláez-Vico
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Ranjita Sinha
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Ron Mittler
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Sara I Zandalinas
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Natural Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castellón, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zandalinas SI, Peláez-Vico MÁ, Sinha R, Pascual LS, Mittler R. The impact of multifactorial stress combination on plants, crops, and ecosystems: how should we prepare for what comes next? Plant J 2024; 117:1800-1814. [PMID: 37996968 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The complexity of environmental conditions encountered by plants in the field, or in nature, is gradually increasing due to anthropogenic activities that promote global warming, climate change, and increased levels of pollutants. While in the past it seemed sufficient to study how plants acclimate to one or even two different stresses affecting them simultaneously, the complex conditions developing on our planet necessitate a new approach of studying stress in plants: Acclimation to multiple stress conditions occurring concurrently or consecutively (termed, multifactorial stress combination [MFSC]). In an initial study of the plant response to MFSC, conducted with Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings subjected to an MFSC of six different abiotic stresses, it was found that with the increase in the number and complexity of different stresses simultaneously impacting a plant, plant growth and survival declined, even if the effects of each stress involved in such MFSC on the plant was minimal or insignificant. In three recent studies, conducted with different crop plants, MFSC was found to have similar effects on a commercial rice cultivar, a maize hybrid, tomato, and soybean, causing significant reductions in growth, biomass, physiological parameters, and/or yield traits. As the environmental conditions on our planet are gradually worsening, as well as becoming more complex, addressing MFSC and its effects on agriculture and ecosystems worldwide becomes a high priority. In this review, we address the effects of MFSC on plants, crops, agriculture, and different ecosystems worldwide, and highlight potential avenues to enhance the resilience of crops to MFSC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara I Zandalinas
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Environmental Sciences, University Jaume I, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, Castelló de la Plana, 12071, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Peláez-Vico
- Division of Plant Sciences and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Ranjita Sinha
- Division of Plant Sciences and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Lidia S Pascual
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Environmental Sciences, University Jaume I, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, Castelló de la Plana, 12071, Spain
| | - Ron Mittler
- Division of Plant Sciences and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center University of Missouri, 1201 Rollins St, Columbia, Missouri, 65201, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Peláez-Vico MÁ, Sinha R, Induri SP, Lyu Z, Venigalla SD, Vasireddy D, Singh P, Immadi MS, Pascual LS, Shostak B, Mendoza-Cózatl D, Joshi T, Fritschi FB, Zandalinas SI, Mittler R. The impact of multifactorial stress combination on reproductive tissues and grain yield of a crop plant. Plant J 2024; 117:1728-1745. [PMID: 38050346 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Global warming, climate change, and industrial pollution are altering our environment subjecting plants, microbiomes, and ecosystems to an increasing number and complexity of abiotic stress conditions, concurrently or sequentially. These conditions, termed, "multifactorial stress combination" (MFSC), can cause a significant decline in plant growth and survival. However, the impacts of MFSC on reproductive tissues and yield of major crop plants are largely unknown. We subjected soybean (Glycine max) plants to a MFSC of up to five different stresses (water deficit, salinity, low phosphate, acidity, and cadmium), in an increasing level of complexity, and conducted integrative transcriptomic-phenotypic analysis of their reproductive and vegetative tissues. We reveal that MFSC has a negative cumulative effect on soybean yield, that each set of MFSC condition elicits a unique transcriptomic response (that is different between flowers and leaves), and that selected genes expressed in leaves or flowers of soybean are linked to the effects of MFSC on different vegetative, physiological, and/or reproductive parameters. Our study identified networks and pathways associated with reactive oxygen species, ascorbic acid and aldarate, and iron/copper signaling/metabolism as promising targets for future biotechnological efforts to augment the resilience of reproductive tissues of major crop plants to MFSC. In addition, we provide unique phenotypic and transcriptomic datasets for dissecting the mechanistic effects of MFSC on the vegetative, physiological, and reproductive processes of a crop plant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Ángeles Peláez-Vico
- Division of Plant Sciences and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Ranjita Sinha
- Division of Plant Sciences and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Sai Preethi Induri
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Zhen Lyu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Sai Darahas Venigalla
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Dinesh Vasireddy
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Pallav Singh
- MU Institute for Data Science and Informatics and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Manish Sridhar Immadi
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Lidia S Pascual
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Environmental Sciences, University Jaume I, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, Castelló de la Plana, 12071, Spain
| | - Benjamin Shostak
- Division of Plant Sciences and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - David Mendoza-Cózatl
- Division of Plant Sciences and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Trupti Joshi
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
- MU Institute for Data Science and Informatics and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
- Department of Health Management and Informatics, and Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Felix B Fritschi
- Division of Plant Sciences and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Sara I Zandalinas
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Environmental Sciences, University Jaume I, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, Castelló de la Plana, 12071, Spain
| | - Ron Mittler
- Division of Plant Sciences and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65201, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sinha R, Induri SP, Peláez-Vico MÁ, Tukuli A, Shostak B, Zandalinas SI, Joshi T, Fritschi FB, Mittler R. The transcriptome of soybean reproductive tissues subjected to water deficit, heat stress, and a combination of water deficit and heat stress. Plant J 2023; 116:1064-1080. [PMID: 37006191 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Global warming and climate change are driving an alarming increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme climate events, such as droughts, heat waves, and their combination, inflicting heavy losses to agricultural production. Recent studies revealed that the transcriptomic responses of different crops to water deficit (WD) or heat stress (HS) are very different from that to a combination of WD + HS. In addition, it was found that the effects of WD, HS, and WD + HS are significantly more devastating when these stresses occur during the reproductive growth phase of crops, compared to vegetative growth. As the molecular responses of different reproductive and vegetative tissues of plants to WD, HS, or WD + HS could be different from each other and these differences could impact many current and future attempts to enhance the resilience of crops to climate change through breeding and/or engineering, we conducted a transcriptomic analysis of different soybean (Glycine max) tissues to WD, HS, and WD + HS. Here we present a reference transcriptomic dataset that includes the response of soybean leaf, pod, anther, stigma, ovary, and sepal to WD, HS, and WD + HS conditions. Mining this dataset for the expression pattern of different stress response transcripts revealed that each tissue had a unique transcriptomic response to each of the different stress conditions. This finding is important as it suggests that enhancing the overall resilience of crops to climate change could require a coordinated approach that simultaneously alters the expression of different groups of transcripts in different tissues in a stress-specific manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ranjita Sinha
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Sai Preethi Induri
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - María Ángeles Peláez-Vico
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Adama Tukuli
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Benjamin Shostak
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Sara I Zandalinas
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Environmental Sciences, University Jaume I, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, Castelló de la Plana, 12071, Spain
| | - Trupti Joshi
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
- Institute for Data Science and Informatics and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
- Department of Health Management and Informatics, and Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Felix B Fritschi
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Ron Mittler
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65201, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pascual LS, López-Climent MF, Segarra-Medina C, Gómez-Cadenas A, Zandalinas SI. Exogenous spermine alleviates the negative effects of combined salinity and paraquat in tomato plants by decreasing stress-induced oxidative damage. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1193207. [PMID: 37229124 PMCID: PMC10203479 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1193207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Plants are frequently exposed to different combinations of soil constraints including salinity and different herbicides. These abiotic conditions negatively affect photosynthesis, growth and plant development resulting in limitations in agriculture production. To respond to these conditions, plants accumulate different metabolites that restore cellular homeostasis and are key for stress acclimation processes. In this work, we analyzed the role of exogenous spermine (Spm), a polyamine involved in plant tolerance to abiotic stress, in tomato responses to the combination of salinity (S) and the herbicide paraquat (PQ). Our findings showed that application of Spm reduced leaf damage and enhanced survival, growth, photosystem II function and photosynthetic rate of tomato plants subjected to the combination of S and PQ. In addition, we revealed that exogenous Spm reduced H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation in plants subjected to S+PQ, suggesting that the role of exogenous Spm in alleviating the negative effects of this stress combination could be attributed to a decrease in stress-induced oxidative damage in tomato plants. Taken together, our results identify a key role for Spm in improving plant tolerance to combined stress.
Collapse
|
10
|
Lastochkina O, Yakupova A, Avtushenko I, Lastochkin A, Yuldashev R. Effect of Seed Priming with Endophytic Bacillus subtilis on Some Physio-Biochemical Parameters of Two Wheat Varieties Exposed to Drought after Selective Herbicide Application. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:1724. [PMID: 37111947 PMCID: PMC10144775 DOI: 10.3390/plants12081724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Wheat plants are frequently exposed to combined herbicide and drought stress (HDS) which induces complex responses negatively, affects productivity, and is becoming more exacerbated with current climate change. In this work, we studied the influence of seed priming with endophytic bacteria Bacillus subtilis (strains 104 and 26D) on growth and tolerance of two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties (E70-drought tolerant; SY-drought susceptible) exposed to soil drought after application of selective herbicide Sekator® Turbo in pot experiments under controlled conditions; 17-day-old plants sprayed with herbicide and after 3 days were subjected to soil drought by stopping irrigating the plants for 7 days with subsequent resumption of normal irrigation (recovery). Additionally, the growth of tested strains (104, 26D) in the presence of different concentrations of herbicide Sekator® Turbo and drought (PEG-6000) were evaluated. It was established that both strains are herbicide and drought tolerant and capable to improve seed germination and early seedlings' growth under different herbicide and drought stress degrees. The results of pot experiments showed that HDS exposure declined growth (plant length, biomass), photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a and b), leaf area, and increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) and proline accumulation in plants, demonstrating higher damaging effects for SY variety. Strains 104 and 26D mitigated (in different levels) such negative impacts of HDS on growth of both varieties by increasing length of roots and shoots, biomass, photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a and b), and leaf area, reducing stress-caused LPO (i.e., malondialdehyde), and regulating proline biosynthesis, as well as contributing to a faster recovery of growth, photosynthetic pigments, and redox-status of plants in post-stress period in comparison with non-primed plants. These ultimately manifested in forming a better grain yield of both varieties primed with 104, 26D, and exposed to HDS. Thus, both strains 104 and 26D (which are herbicide and drought tolerant) may be used as seed priming agents to improve wheat HDS tolerance and grain yield; however, strain 104 more effectively protected plants of E70, while strain 26D-plants of SY. Further research should be focused on understanding the mechanisms that determine the strain and variety-specificity of endophytic symbiosis and the role of bacteria in the modulation of physiological states of primed plants under stress conditions, including HDS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Lastochkina
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics UFRC RAS, 71 Pr. Oktyabrya, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Albina Yakupova
- Department of Biology, Ufa University of Sciences and Technology, 32 Zaki Validi, 450076 Ufa, Russia
| | - Irina Avtushenko
- Department of Biology, Ufa University of Sciences and Technology, 32 Zaki Validi, 450076 Ufa, Russia
| | - Artem Lastochkin
- Department of Biology, Ufa University of Sciences and Technology, 32 Zaki Validi, 450076 Ufa, Russia
| | - Ruslan Yuldashev
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics UFRC RAS, 71 Pr. Oktyabrya, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Giovenali G, Kuzmanović L, Capoccioni A, Ceoloni C. The Response of Chromosomally Engineered Durum Wheat- Thinopyrum ponticum Recombinant Lines to the Application of Heat and Water-Deficit Stresses: Effects on Physiological, Biochemical and Yield-Related Traits. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:704. [PMID: 36840052 PMCID: PMC9965029 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stress occurrence and magnitude are alarmingly intensifying worldwide. In the Mediterranean basin, heat waves and precipitation scarcity heavily affect major crops such as durum wheat (DW). In the search for tolerant genotypes, the identification of genes/QTL in wild wheat relatives, naturally adapted to harsh environments, represents a useful strategy. We tested three DW-Thinopyrum ponticum recombinant lines (R5+, R112+, R23+), their control sibs lacking any alien introgression, and the heat-tolerant cv. Margherita for their physiological, biochemical and yield response to heat stress (HS) application at anthesis, also in combination with water-deficit stress applied from booting until maturity. Under HS, R5+ and R112+ (23%- and 28%-long 7el1L Th. ponticum chromosome segment distally inserted on DW 7AL, respectively) showed remarkable stability of the yield-related traits; in turn, R23+ (40%-long 7el1L segment), despite a decreased grain yield, exhibited a greater spike fertility index and proline content in spike than its control sib. Under water-deficit + HS, R5+ showed the highest increment in water use efficiency and in flag leaf proline content, accompanied by the lowest yield penalty even vs. Margherita. This research confirms the value of harnessing wild gene pools to enhance DW stress tolerance and represents a starting point for elucidating the mechanisms of Thinopyrum spp. contribution to this relevant breeding target.
Collapse
|
12
|
Vuosku J, Martz F, Hallikainen V, Rautio P. Changing winter climate and snow conditions induce various transcriptional stress responses in Scots pine seedlings. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:1050903. [PMID: 36570907 PMCID: PMC9780549 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1050903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In northern boreal forests the warming winter climate leads to more frequent snowmelt, rain-on-snow events and freeze-thaw cycles. This may be harmful or even lethal for tree seedlings that spend even a half of the year under snow. We conducted a snow cover manipulation experiment in a natural forest to find out how changing snow conditions affect young Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings. The ice encasement (IE), absence of snow (NoSNOW) and snow compaction (COMP) treatments affected ground level temperature, ground frost and subnivean gas concentrations compared to the ambient snow cover (AMB) and led to the increased physical damage and mortality of seedlings. The expression responses of 28 genes related to circadian clock, aerobic and anaerobic energy metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism and stress protection revealed that seedlings were exposed to different stresses in a complex way depending on the thickness and quality of the snow cover. The IE treatment caused hypoxic stress and probably affected roots which resulted in reduced water uptake in the beginning of the growing season. Without protective snowpack in NoSNOW seedlings suffered from cold and drought stresses. The combination of hypoxic and cold stresses in COMP evoked unique transcriptional responses including oxidative stress. Snow cover manipulation induced changes in the expression of several circadian clock related genes suggested that photoreceptors and the circadian clock system play an essential role in the adaptation of Scots pine seedlings to stresses under different snow conditions. Our findings show that warming winter climate alters snow conditions and consequently causes Scots pine seedlings various abiotic stresses, whose effects extend from overwintering to the following growing season.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaana Vuosku
- Natural Resources Unit, Natural Resources Institute Finland, Rovaniemi, Finland
- Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Françoise Martz
- Natural Resources Unit, Natural Resources Institute Finland, Rovaniemi, Finland
| | - Ville Hallikainen
- Natural Resources Unit, Natural Resources Institute Finland, Rovaniemi, Finland
| | - Pasi Rautio
- Natural Resources Unit, Natural Resources Institute Finland, Rovaniemi, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sinha R, Zandalinas SI, Fichman Y, Sen S, Zeng S, Gómez-Cadenas A, Joshi T, Fritschi FB, Mittler R. Differential regulation of flower transpiration during abiotic stress in annual plants. New Phytol 2022; 235:611-629. [PMID: 35441705 PMCID: PMC9323482 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Heat waves occurring during droughts can have a devastating impact on yield, especially if they happen during the flowering and seed set stages of the crop cycle. Global warming and climate change are driving an alarming increase in the frequency and intensity of combined drought and heat stress episodes, critically threatening global food security. Because high temperature is detrimental to reproductive processes, essential for plant yield, we measured the inner temperature, transpiration, sepal stomatal aperture, hormone concentrations and transcriptomic response of closed soybean flowers developing on plants subjected to a combination of drought and heat stress. Here, we report that, during a combination of drought and heat stress, soybean plants prioritize transpiration through flowers over transpiration through leaves by opening their flower stomata, while keeping their leaf stomata closed. This acclimation strategy, termed 'differential transpiration', lowers flower inner temperature by about 2-3°C, protecting reproductive processes at the expense of vegetative tissues. Manipulating stomatal regulation, stomatal size and/or stomatal density of flowers could serve as a viable strategy to enhance the yield of different crops and mitigate some of the current and future impacts of global warming and climate change on agriculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ranjita Sinha
- Division of Plant Sciences and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Sara I Zandalinas
- Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, 12071, Spain
| | - Yosef Fichman
- Division of Plant Sciences and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Sidharth Sen
- Institute for Data Science and Informatics and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Shuai Zeng
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas
- Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, 12071, Spain
| | - Trupti Joshi
- Institute for Data Science and Informatics and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- Department of Health Management and Informatics, and Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Felix B Fritschi
- Division of Plant Sciences and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Ron Mittler
- Division of Plant Sciences and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zandalinas SI, Balfagón D, Gómez-Cadenas A, Mittler R. Plant responses to climate change: metabolic changes under combined abiotic stresses. J Exp Bot 2022; 73:3339-3354. [PMID: 35192700 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is predicted to increase the frequency and intensity of abiotic stress combinations that negatively impact plants and pose a serious threat to crop yield and food supply. Plants respond to episodes of stress combination by activating specific physiological and molecular responses, as well as by adjusting different metabolic pathways, to mitigate the negative effects of the stress combination on plant growth, development, and reproduction. Plants synthesize a wide range of metabolites that regulate many aspects of plant growth and development, as well as plant responses to stress. Although metabolic responses to individual abiotic stresses have been studied extensively in different plant species, recent efforts have been directed at understanding metabolic responses that occur when different abiotic factors are combined. In this review we examine recent studies of metabolomic changes under stress combination in different plants and suggest new avenues for the development of stress combination-resilient crops based on metabolites as breeding targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara I Zandalinas
- Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Castello de la Plana 12071, Spain
| | - Damián Balfagón
- Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Castello de la Plana 12071, Spain
| | - Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas
- Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Castello de la Plana 12071, Spain
| | - Ron Mittler
- Division of Plant Sciences and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
Human activity is causing a global change in plant environment that includes a significant increase in the number and intensity of different stress factors. These include combinations of multiple abiotic and biotic stressors that simultaneously or sequentially impact plants and microbiomes, causing a significant decrease in plant growth, yield and overall health. It was recently found that with the increasing number and complexity of stressors simultaneously impacting a plant, plant growth and survival decline dramatically, even if the level of each individual stress, involved in such 'multifactorial stress combination', is low enough not to have a significant effect. Here we highlight this new concept of multifactorial stress combination and discuss its importance for our efforts to develop climate change-resilient crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara I Zandalinas
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University Jaume I, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, Castelló de la Plana, 12071, Spain
| | - Ron Mittler
- Division of Plant Sciences and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, 1201 Rollins Street, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Rivero RM, Mittler R, Blumwald E, Zandalinas SI. Developing climate-resilient crops: improving plant tolerance to stress combination. Plant J 2022; 109:373-389. [PMID: 34482588 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Global warming and climate change are driving an alarming increase in the frequency and intensity of different abiotic stresses, such as droughts, heat waves, cold snaps, and flooding, negatively affecting crop yields and causing food shortages. Climate change is also altering the composition and behavior of different insect and pathogen populations adding to yield losses worldwide. Additional constraints to agriculture are caused by the increasing amounts of human-generated pollutants, as well as the negative impact of climate change on soil microbiomes. Although in the laboratory, we are trained to study the impact of individual stress conditions on plants, in the field many stresses, pollutants, and pests could simultaneously or sequentially affect plants, causing conditions of stress combination. Because climate change is expected to increase the frequency and intensity of such stress combination events (e.g., heat waves combined with drought, flooding, or other abiotic stresses, pollutants, and/or pathogens), a concentrated effort is needed to study how stress combination is affecting crops. This need is particularly critical, as many studies have shown that the response of plants to stress combination is unique and cannot be predicted from simply studying each of the different stresses that are part of the stress combination. Strategies to enhance crop tolerance to a particular stress may therefore fail to enhance tolerance to this specific stress, when combined with other factors. Here we review recent studies of stress combinations in different plants and propose new approaches and avenues for the development of stress combination- and climate change-resilient crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa M Rivero
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, CEBAS-CSIC, Ed 25, Espinardo, Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | - Ron Mittler
- Division of Plant Sciences and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, 1201 Rollins Street, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA
| | - Eduardo Blumwald
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Sara I Zandalinas
- Division of Plant Sciences and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, 1201 Rollins Street, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA
- Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, Castelló de la Plana, 12071, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zandalinas SI, Fritschi FB, Mittler R. Global Warming, Climate Change, and Environmental Pollution: Recipe for a Multifactorial Stress Combination Disaster. Trends Plant Sci 2021; 26:588-599. [PMID: 33745784 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2021.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Global warming, climate change, and environmental pollution present plants with unique combinations of different abiotic and biotic stresses. Although much is known about how plants acclimate to each of these individual stresses, little is known about how they respond to a combination of many of these stress factors occurring together, namely a multifactorial stress combination. Recent studies revealed that increasing the number of different co-occurring multifactorial stress factors causes a severe decline in plant growth and survival, as well as in the microbiome biodiversity that plants depend upon. This effect should serve as a dire warning to our society and prompt us to decisively act to reduce pollutants, fight global warming, and augment the tolerance of crops to multifactorial stress combinations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara I Zandalinas
- Division of Plant Sciences and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, 1201 Rollins Street, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Felix B Fritschi
- Division of Plant Sciences and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, 1201 Rollins Street, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Ron Mittler
- Division of Plant Sciences and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, 1201 Rollins Street, Columbia, MO 65201, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, 1201 Rollins Street, Columbia, MO 65201, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zandalinas SI, Sengupta S, Fritschi FB, Azad RK, Nechushtai R, Mittler R. The impact of multifactorial stress combination on plant growth and survival. New Phytol 2021; 230:1034-1048. [PMID: 33496342 PMCID: PMC8048544 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Climate change-driven extreme weather events, combined with increasing temperatures, harsh soil conditions, low water availability and quality, and the introduction of many man-made pollutants, pose a unique challenge to plants. Although our knowledge of the response of plants to each of these individual conditions is vast, we know very little about how a combination of many of these factors, occurring simultaneously, that is multifactorial stress combination, impacts plants. Seedlings of wild-type and different mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana plants were subjected to a multifactorial stress combination of six different stresses, each applied at a low level, and their survival, physiological and molecular responses determined. Our findings reveal that, while each of the different stresses, applied individually, had a negligible effect on plant growth and survival, the accumulated impact of multifactorial stress combination on plants was detrimental. We further show that the response of plants to multifactorial stress combination is unique and that specific pathways and processes play a critical role in the acclimation of plants to multifactorial stress combination. Taken together our findings reveal that further polluting our environment could result in higher complexities of multifactorial stress combinations that in turn could drive a critical decline in plant growth and survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara I. Zandalinas
- Division of Plant SciencesCollege of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant GroupChristopher S. Bond Life Sciences CenterUniversity of Missouri1201 Rollins StColumbiaMO65211USA
| | - Soham Sengupta
- Department of Biological Sciences and BioDiscovery InstituteCollege of ScienceUniversity of North Texas1155 Union Circle #305220DentonTX76203‐5017USA
| | - Felix B. Fritschi
- Division of Plant SciencesCollege of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant GroupChristopher S. Bond Life Sciences CenterUniversity of Missouri1201 Rollins StColumbiaMO65211USA
| | - Rajeev K. Azad
- Department of Biological Sciences and BioDiscovery InstituteCollege of ScienceUniversity of North Texas1155 Union Circle #305220DentonTX76203‐5017USA
- Department of MathematicsUniversity of North TexasDentonTX76203USA
| | - Rachel Nechushtai
- The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life ScienceThe Hebrew University of JerusalemEdmond J. Safra Campus at Givat RamJerusalem91904Israel
| | - Ron Mittler
- Division of Plant SciencesCollege of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant GroupChristopher S. Bond Life Sciences CenterUniversity of Missouri1201 Rollins StColumbiaMO65211USA
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of Missouri School of MedicineChristopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center University of Missouri1201 Rollins StColumbiaMO65211USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Medina E, Kim SH, Yun M, Choi WG. Recapitulation of the Function and Role of ROS Generated in Response to Heat Stress in Plants. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:plants10020371. [PMID: 33671904 PMCID: PMC7918971 DOI: 10.3390/plants10020371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In natural ecosystems, plants are constantly exposed to changes in their surroundings as they grow, caused by a lifestyle that requires them to live where their seeds fall. Thus, plants strive to adapt and respond to changes in their exposed environment that change every moment. Heat stress that naturally occurs when plants grow in the summer or a tropical area adversely affects plants' growth and poses a risk to plant development. When plants are subjected to heat stress, they recognize heat stress and respond using highly complex intracellular signaling systems such as reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS was previously considered a byproduct that impairs plant growth. However, in recent studies, ROS gained attention for its function as a signaling molecule when plants respond to environmental stresses such as heat stress. In particular, ROS, produced in response to heat stress in various plant cell compartments such as mitochondria and chloroplasts, plays a crucial role as a signaling molecule that promotes plant growth and triggers subsequent downstream reactions. Therefore, this review aims to address the latest research trends and understandings, focusing on the function and role of ROS in responding and adapting plants to heat stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Medina
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA; (E.M.); (S.-H.K.)
| | - Su-Hwa Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA; (E.M.); (S.-H.K.)
| | - Miriam Yun
- Biology and Psychology Department, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA;
| | - Won-Gyu Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA; (E.M.); (S.-H.K.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chávez-Arias CC, Ligarreto-Moreno GA, Ramírez-Godoy A, Restrepo-Díaz H. Maize Responses Challenged by Drought, Elevated Daytime Temperature and Arthropod Herbivory Stresses: A Physiological, Biochemical and Molecular View. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:702841. [PMID: 34367221 PMCID: PMC8341156 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.702841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the main cereals grown around the world. It is used for human and animal nutrition and also as biofuel. However, as a direct consequence of global climate change, increased abiotic and biotic stress events have been reported in different regions of the world, which have become a threat to world maize yields. Drought and heat are environmental stresses that influence the growth, development, and yield processes of maize crops. Plants have developed dynamic responses at the physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels that allow them to escape, avoid and/or tolerate unfavorable environmental conditions. Arthropod herbivory can generate resistance or tolerance responses in plants that are associated with inducible and constitutive defenses. Increases in the frequency and severity of abiotic stress events (drought and heat), as a consequence of climate change, can generate critical variations in plant-insect interactions. However, the behavior of herbivorous arthropods under drought scenarios is not well understood, and this kind of stress may have some positive and negative effects on arthropod populations. The simultaneous appearance of different environmental stresses and biotic factors results in very complex plant responses. In this review, recent information is provided on the physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses of plants to the combination of drought, heat stress, and the effect on some arthropod pests of interest in the maize crop.
Collapse
|
21
|
Jiang DQ, Wang HY, Kang CZ, Jiang JY, DU YX, Zhang Y, Wang S, Guo LP. [Influence and mechanism of stress combination on medicinal plants secondary metabolism]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2020; 45:2009-2016. [PMID: 32495546 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200302.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies showed that the growth of medicinal plants in their native areas was simultaneously affected by abiotic stress combinations. Compared with single stress, plants have unique responses to a combination of different abiotic stresses and cannot be inferred directly from plants' responses to each individual stress. The effect of combined stresses on plants usually has three types of synergistic antagonism or independence. The secondary metabolism in the process of medicinal plant stress combination response also played a vital role, and environmental stresses can spur the accumulation of secondary metabolites, but under the stress combination, plants induce specific gene expression of key enzymes on secondary metabolic pathways, in turn, the accumulation of secondary metabolites against stress is formed. When plants are subjected to stress combination, the interaction of multiple signaling pathways makes it highly complex for plants to respond to stress combination. This paper summarized the effects of stress combination on physiological and secondary metabolism of medicinal plants, and discussed the related physiological, biochemical and molecular mechanisms. It provides theoretical basis for improving the adaptability of medicinal plants to adversity, improving the quality of Chinese medicinal materials, and further optimizing the cultivation of medicinal plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dai-Quan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hong-Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China Hubei University of Chinese Medicine Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Chuan-Zhi Kang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jing-Yi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yong-Xi DU
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
| | - Lan-Ping Guo
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Fichman Y, Mittler R. Rapid systemic signaling during abiotic and biotic stresses: is the ROS wave master of all trades? Plant J 2020; 102:887-896. [PMID: 31943489 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Rapidly communicating the perception of an abiotic stress event, wounding or pathogen infection, from its initial site of occurrence to the entire plant, i.e. rapid systemic signaling, is essential for successful plant acclimation and defense. Recent studies highlighted an important role for several rapid whole-plant systemic signals in mediating plant acclimation and defense during different abiotic and biotic stresses. These include calcium, reactive oxygen species (ROS), hydraulic and electric waves. Although the role of some of these signals in inducing and coordinating whole-plant systemic responses was demonstrated, many questions related to their mode of action, routes of propagation and integration remain unanswered. In addition, it is unclear how these signals convey specificity to the systemic response, and how are they integrated under conditions of stress combination. Here we highlight many of these questions, as well as provide a proposed model for systemic signal integration, focusing on the ROS wave.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yosef Fichman
- The Division of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center University of Missouri, 1201 Rollins St, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA
| | - Ron Mittler
- The Division of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center University of Missouri, 1201 Rollins St, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zandalinas SI, Fichman Y, Devireddy AR, Sengupta S, Azad RK, Mittler R. Systemic signaling during abiotic stress combination in plants. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:13810-20. [PMID: 32471943 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2005077117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Extreme environmental conditions, such as heat, salinity, and decreased water availability, can have a devastating impact on plant growth and productivity, potentially resulting in the collapse of entire ecosystems. Stress-induced systemic signaling and systemic acquired acclimation play canonical roles in plant survival during episodes of environmental stress. Recent studies revealed that in response to a single abiotic stress, applied to a single leaf, plants mount a comprehensive stress-specific systemic response that includes the accumulation of many different stress-specific transcripts and metabolites, as well as a coordinated stress-specific whole-plant stomatal response. However, in nature plants are routinely subjected to a combination of two or more different abiotic stresses, each potentially triggering its own stress-specific systemic response, highlighting a new fundamental question in plant biology: are plants capable of integrating two different systemic signals simultaneously generated during conditions of stress combination? Here we show that plants can integrate two different systemic signals simultaneously generated during stress combination, and that the manner in which plants sense the different stresses that trigger these signals (i.e., at the same or different parts of the plant) makes a significant difference in how fast and efficient they induce systemic reactive oxygen species (ROS) signals; transcriptomic, hormonal, and stomatal responses; as well as plant acclimation. Our results shed light on how plants acclimate to their environment and survive a combination of different abiotic stresses. In addition, they highlight a key role for systemic ROS signals in coordinating the response of different leaves to stress.
Collapse
|
24
|
Zandalinas SI, Fritschi FB, Mittler R. Signal transduction networks during stress combination. J Exp Bot 2020; 71:1734-1741. [PMID: 31665392 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Episodes of heat waves combined with drought can have a devastating impact on agricultural production worldwide. These conditions, as well as many other types of stress combinations, impose unique physiological and developmental demands on plants and require the activation of dedicated pathways. Here, we review recent RNA sequencing studies of stress combination in plants, and conduct a meta-analysis of the transcriptome response of plants to different types of stress combination. Our analysis reveals that each different stress combination is accompanied by its own set of stress combination-specific transcripts, and that the response of different transcription factor families is unique to each stress combination. The alarming rate of increase in global temperatures, coupled with the predicted increase in future episodes of extreme weather, highlight an urgent need to develop crop plants with enhanced tolerance to stress combination. The uniqueness and complexity of the physiological and molecular response of plants to each different stress combination, highlighted here, demonstrate the daunting challenge we face in accomplishing this goal. Dedicated efforts combining field experimentation, omics, and network analyses, coupled with advanced phenotyping and breeding methods, will be needed to address specific crops and particular stress combinations relevant to maintaining our future food chain secured.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara I Zandalinas
- Bond Life Sciences Center, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, and Division of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO USA
| | - Felix B Fritschi
- Bond Life Sciences Center, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, and Division of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO USA
| | - Ron Mittler
- Bond Life Sciences Center, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, and Division of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Affiliation(s)
- Scott Peck
- Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center University of Missouri, Columbia, USA
| | - Ron Mittler
- Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center University of Missouri, Columbia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Menkir A, Crossa J, Meseka S, Bossey B, Muhyideen O, Riberio PF, Coulibaly M, Yacoubou AM, Olaoye G, Haruna A. Stacking Tolerance to Drought and Resistance to a Parasitic Weed in Tropical Hybrid Maize for Enhancing Resilience to Stress Combinations. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:166. [PMID: 32194590 PMCID: PMC7061855 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Maize is a food security crop cultivated in the African savannas that are vulnerable to the occurrence of drought stress and Striga hermonthica infestation. The co-occurrence of these stresses can severely damage crop growth and productivity of maize. Until recently, maize breeding in International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) has focused on the development of either drought tolerant or S. hermonthica resistant germplasm using independent screening protocols. The present study was therefore conducted to examine the extent to which maize hybrids simultaneously expressing resistance to S. hermonthica and tolerance to drought (DTSTR) could be developed through sequential selection of parental lines using the two screening protocols. Regional trials involving 77 DTSTR and 22 commercial benchmark hybrids (STR and non-DTSTR) were then conducted under Striga-infested and non-infested conditions, managed drought stress and fully irrigated conditions as well as in multiple rainfed environments for 5 years. The observed yield reductions of 61% under managed drought stress and 23% under Striga-infestation created desirable stress levels leading to the detection of significant differences in grain yield among hybrids at individual stress and non-stress conditions. On average, the DTSTR hybrids out-yielded the STR and non-DTSTR commercial hybrids by 13-19% under managed drought stress and fully irrigated conditions and by -4 to 70% under Striga-infested and non-infested conditions. Among the DTSTR hybrids included in the regional trials, 33 were high yielders with better adaptability across environments under all stressful and non-stressful testing conditions. Twenty-four of the 33 DTSTR hybrids also yielded well across diverse rainfed environments. The genetic correlations of grain yield under managed drought stress with yield under Striga-infestation and multiple rainfed environments were 0.51 and 0.57, respectively. Also, a genetic correlation between yields under Striga-infestation with that recorded in multiple rainfed environments was 0.58. These results suggest that the sequential selection scheme offers an opportunity to accumulate desirable stress-related traits in parents contributing to superior agronomic performance in hybrids across stressful and diverse rainfed field environments that are commonly encountered in the tropical savannas of Africa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abebe Menkir
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - José Crossa
- Biometrics and Statistics Unit, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Silvestro Meseka
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Bunmi Bossey
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Oyekunle Muhyideen
- Department of Plant Science, Institute for Agricultural Research/Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | | | - Mmadou Coulibaly
- Maize Improvement Program, Institute de Economic Rurale, Bamako, Mali
| | - Abdoul-Madjidou Yacoubou
- Crop Breeding Department, National Institute of Agricultural Research of Benin/CRA, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Gbadebo Olaoye
- Department of Agronomy, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Alidu Haruna
- Maize Improvement Program, CSIR-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute, Tamale, Ghana
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kumar V, Vogelsang L, Seidel T, Schmidt R, Weber M, Reichelt M, Meyer A, Clemens S, Sharma SS, Dietz KJ. Interference between arsenic-induced toxicity and hypoxia. Plant Cell Environ 2019; 42:574-590. [PMID: 30198184 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Plants often face combinatorial stresses in their natural environment. Here, arsenic (As) toxicity was combined with hypoxia (Hpx) in the roots of Arabidopsis thaliana as it often occurs in nature. Arsenic inhibited growth of both roots and leaves, whereas root growth almost entirely ceased in Hpx. Growth efficiently resumed, and Hpx marker transcripts decreased upon reaeration. Compromised recovery from HpxAs treatment following reaeration indicated some persistent effects of combined stresses despite lower As accumulation. Root glutathione redox potential turned more oxidized in Hpx and most strongly in HpxAs. The more oxidizing root cell redox potential and the lowered glutathione amounts may be conducive to the growth arrest of plants exposed to HpxAs. The stresses elicited changes in elemental and transcriptomic composition. Thus, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorous amounts decreased in rosettes, but the strongest decline was seen for potassium. The reorganized potassium-related transcriptome supports the conclusion that disturbed potassium homeostasis contributes to the growth phenotype. In a converse manner, photosynthesis-related parameters were hardly affected, whereas accumulated carbohydrates under all stresses and anthocyanins under Hpx exclude carbohydrate limitation. The study demonstrates the existence of both synergistic since mutually aggravating effects and antagonistic effects of single and combined stresses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
- Department of Biosciences, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, India
| | - Lara Vogelsang
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Thorsten Seidel
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Romy Schmidt
- Institute of Biology I (Botany/Molecular Genetics), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael Weber
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Chemistry and Earth Sciences, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Michael Reichelt
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Andreas Meyer
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES)-Chemical Signalling, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Bioeconomy Science Center, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Stephan Clemens
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Chemistry and Earth Sciences, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Shanti S Sharma
- Department of Biosciences, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, India
- Department of Botany, School of Life Sciences, Sikkim University, Gangtok, India
| | - Karl-Josef Dietz
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Katano K, Honda K, Suzuki N. Integration between ROS Regulatory Systems and Other Signals in the Regulation of Various Types of Heat Responses in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113370. [PMID: 30373292 PMCID: PMC6274784 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of their sessile lifestyle, plants cannot escape from heat stress and are forced to alter their cellular state to prevent damage. Plants, therefore, evolved complex mechanisms to adapt to irregular increases in temperature in the natural environment. In addition to the ability to adapt to an abrupt increase in temperature, plants possess strategies to reprogram their cellular state during pre-exposure to sublethal heat stress so that they are able to survive under subsequent severe heat stress. Such an acclimatory response to heat, i.e., acquired thermotolerance, might depend on the maintenance of heat memory and propagation of long-distance signaling. In addition, plants are able to tailor their specific cellular state to adapt to heat stress combined with other abiotic stresses. Many studies revealed significant roles of reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulatory systems in the regulation of these various heat responses in plants. However, the mode of coordination between ROS regulatory systems and other pathways is still largely unknown. In this review, we address how ROS regulatory systems are integrated with other signaling networks to control various types of heat responses in plants. In addition, differences and similarities in heat response signals between different growth stages are also addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuma Katano
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda, 102-8554 Tokyo, Japan.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Chen TW, Stützel H, Kahlen K. High light aggravates functional limitations of cucumber canopy photosynthesis under salinity. Ann Bot 2018; 121:797-807. [PMID: 29028871 PMCID: PMC5906908 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcx100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Background and Aims Most crop species are glycophytes, and salinity stress is one of the most severe abiotic stresses reducing crop yields worldwide. Salinity affects plant architecture and physiological functions by different mechanisms, which vary largely between crop species and determine the susceptibility or tolerance of a crop species to salinity. Methods Experimental data from greenhouse cucumber (Cucumis sativus), a salt-sensitive species, grown under three salinity levels were interpreted by combining a functional-structural plant model and quantitative limitation analysis of photosynthesis. This approach allowed the quantitative dissection of canopy photosynthetic limitations into architectural and functional limitations. Functional limitations were further dissected into stomatal (Ls), mesophyll (Lm) and biochemical (Lb). Key Results Architectural limitations increased rapidly after the start of the salinity treatment and became stronger than the sum of functional limitations (Ls + Lm + Lb) under high salinity. Stomatal limitations resulted from ionic effects and were much stronger than biochemical limitations, indicating that canopy photosynthesis was more limited by the effects of leaf sodium on stomatal regulation than on photosynthetic enzymes. Sensitivity analyses suggested that the relative importance of salinity effects on architectural and functional limitations depends on light conditions, with high light aggravating functional limitations through salinity effects on stomatal limitations. Conclusions Salinity tolerance of cucumber is more likely to be improved by traits related to leaf growth and stomatal regulation than by traits related to tissue tolerance to ion toxicity, especially under high light conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsu-Wei Chen
- Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hartmut Stützel
- Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Cotrozzi L, Pellegrini E, Guidi L, Landi M, Lorenzini G, Massai R, Remorini D, Tonelli M, Trivellini A, Vernieri P, Nali C. Losing the Warning Signal: Drought Compromises the Cross-Talk of Signaling Molecules in Quercus ilex Exposed to Ozone. Front Plant Sci 2017; 8:1020. [PMID: 28674543 PMCID: PMC5475409 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the interactions between drought and acute ozone (O3) stress in terms of signaling molecules and cell death would improve the predictions of plant responses to climate change. The aim was to investigate whether drought stress influences the responses of plants to acute episodes of O3 exposure. In this study, the behavior of 84 Mediterranean evergreen Quercus ilex plants was evaluated in terms of cross-talk responses among signaling molecules. Half of the sample was subjected to drought (20% of the effective daily evapotranspiration, for 15 days) and was later exposed to an acute O3 exposure (200 nL L-1 for 5 h). First, our results indicate that in well-water conditions, O3 induced a signaling pathway specific to O3-sensitive behavior. Second, different trends and consequently different roles of phytohormones and signaling molecules (ethylene, ET; abscisic acid, ABA; salycilic acid, SA and jasmonic acid, JA) were observed in relation to water stress and O3. A spatial and functional correlation between these signaling molecules was observed in modulating O3-induced responses in well-watered plants. In contrast, in drought-stressed plants, these compounds were not involved either in O3-induced signaling mechanisms or in leaf senescence (a response observed in water-stressed plants before the O3-exposure). Third, these differences were ascribable to the fact that in drought conditions, most defense processes induced by O3 were compromised and/or altered. Our results highlight how Q. ilex plants suffering from water deprivation respond differently to an acute O3 episode compared to well-watered plants, and suggest new effect to be considered in plant responses to environmental changes. This poses the serious question as to whether or not multiple high-magnitude O3 events (as predicted) can change these cross-talk responses, thus opening it up possible further investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Cotrozzi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of PisaPisa, Italy
| | - Elisa Pellegrini
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of PisaPisa, Italy
| | - Lucia Guidi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of PisaPisa, Italy
| | - Marco Landi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of PisaPisa, Italy
| | - Giacomo Lorenzini
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of PisaPisa, Italy
| | - Rossano Massai
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of PisaPisa, Italy
| | - Damiano Remorini
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of PisaPisa, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Tonelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of PisaPisa, Italy
| | - Alice Trivellini
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’AnnaPisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Vernieri
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of PisaPisa, Italy
| | - Cristina Nali
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of PisaPisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Choudhury FK, Rivero RM, Blumwald E, Mittler R. Reactive oxygen species, abiotic stress and stress combination. Plant J 2017; 90:856-867. [PMID: 27801967 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 999] [Impact Index Per Article: 142.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a key role in the acclimation process of plants to abiotic stress. They primarily function as signal transduction molecules that regulate different pathways during plant acclimation to stress, but are also toxic byproducts of stress metabolism. Because each subcellular compartment in plants contains its own set of ROS-producing and ROS-scavenging pathways, the steady-state level of ROS, as well as the redox state of each compartment, is different at any given time giving rise to a distinct signature of ROS levels at the different compartments of the cell. Here we review recent studies on the role of ROS in abiotic stress in plants, and propose that different abiotic stresses, such as drought, heat, salinity and high light, result in different ROS signatures that determine the specificity of the acclimation response and help tailor it to the exact stress the plant encounters. We further address the role of ROS in the acclimation of plants to stress combination as well as the role of ROS in mediating rapid systemic signaling during abiotic stress. We conclude that as long as cells maintain high enough energy reserves to detoxify ROS, ROS is beneficial to plants during abiotic stress enabling them to adjust their metabolism and mount a proper acclimation response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feroza K Choudhury
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #305220, Denton, TX, 76203-5017, USA
| | - Rosa M Rivero
- Department of Plant Nutrition, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario Espinardo, Ed. 25, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eduardo Blumwald
- Department of Plant Sciences, Mail Stop 5, University of California, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Ron Mittler
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #305220, Denton, TX, 76203-5017, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Moura Rebouças D, Maia De Sousa Y, Bagard M, Costa JH, Jolivet Y, Fernandes De Melo D, Repellin A. Combined Effects of Ozone and Drought on the Physiology and Membrane Lipids of Two Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) Cultivars. Plants (Basel) 2017; 6:E14. [PMID: 28273829 PMCID: PMC5371773 DOI: 10.3390/plants6010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The interactive effects of drought and ozone on the physiology and leaf membrane lipid content, composition and metabolism of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) were investigated in two cultivars (EPACE-1 and IT83-D) grown under controlled conditions. The drought treatment (three-week water deprivation) did not cause leaf injury but restricted growth through stomatal closure. In contrast, the short-term ozone treatment (130 ppb 12 h daily during 14 day) had a limited impact at the whole-plant level but caused leaf injury, hydrogen peroxide accumulation and galactolipid degradation. These effects were stronger in the IT83-D cultivar, which also showed specific ozone responses such as a higher digalactosyl-diacylglycerol (DGDG):monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) ratio and the coordinated up-regulation of DGDG synthase (VuDGD2) and ω-3 fatty acid desaturase 8 (VuFAD8) genes, suggesting that membrane remodeling occurred under ozone stress in the sensitive cultivar. When stresses were combined, ozone did not modify the stomatal response to drought and the observed effects on whole-plant physiology were essentially the same as when drought was applied alone. Conversely, the drought-induced stomatal closure appeared to alleviate ozone effects through the reduction of ozone uptake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Moura Rebouças
- Institut d’Ecologie et des Sciences de l’Environnement de Paris, Faculté des Sciences et Technologie, Université Paris-Est Créteil, 61 Avenue du Général De Gaulle, 94010 Créteil, France; (D.M.R.); (A.R.)
| | - Yuri Maia De Sousa
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, P.O. Box 6029, 60455-760 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; (Y.M.D.S.); (J.H.C.); (D.F.D.M.)
| | - Matthieu Bagard
- Institut d’Ecologie et des Sciences de l’Environnement de Paris, Faculté des Sciences et Technologie, Université Paris-Est Créteil, 61 Avenue du Général De Gaulle, 94010 Créteil, France; (D.M.R.); (A.R.)
| | - Jose Helio Costa
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, P.O. Box 6029, 60455-760 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; (Y.M.D.S.); (J.H.C.); (D.F.D.M.)
| | - Yves Jolivet
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières, Université de Lorraine, BP239, F-54506 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France;
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières, BP239, F-54280 Champenoux, France
| | - Dirce Fernandes De Melo
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, P.O. Box 6029, 60455-760 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; (Y.M.D.S.); (J.H.C.); (D.F.D.M.)
| | - Anne Repellin
- Institut d’Ecologie et des Sciences de l’Environnement de Paris, Faculté des Sciences et Technologie, Université Paris-Est Créteil, 61 Avenue du Général De Gaulle, 94010 Créteil, France; (D.M.R.); (A.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
As sessile organisms, plants are continuously exposed to various environmental stresses. In contrast to the controlled conditions employed in many researches, more than one or more abiotic and/or biotic stresses simultaneously occur and highly impact growth of plants and crops in the field environments. Therefore, an urgent need to generate crops with enhanced tolerance to stress combinations exists. Researchers, however, focused on the mechanisms underlying acclimation of plants to combined stresses only in recent studies. Plant hormones might be a key regulator of the tailored responses of plants to different stress combinations. Co-ordination between different hormone signaling, or hormone signaling and other pathways such as ROS regulatory mechanisms could be flexible, being altered by timing and types of stresses, and could be different depending on plant species under the stress combinations. In this review, update on recent studies focusing on complex-mode of hormone signaling under stress combinations will be provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Suzuki
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- CONTACT Nobuhiro Suzuki .
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zandalinas SI, Balfagón D, Arbona V, Gómez-Cadenas A, Inupakutika MA, Mittler R. ABA is required for the accumulation of APX1 and MBF1c during a combination of water deficit and heat stress. J Exp Bot 2016; 67:5381-5390. [PMID: 27497287 PMCID: PMC5049388 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) plays a key role in plant acclimation to abiotic stress. Although recent studies suggested that ABA could also be important for plant acclimation to a combination of abiotic stresses, its role in this response is currently unknown. Here we studied the response of mutants impaired in ABA signalling (abi1-1) and biosynthesis (aba1-1) to a combination of water deficit and heat stress. Both mutants displayed reduced growth, biomass, and survival when subjected to stress combination. Focusing on abi1-1, we found that although its stomata had an impaired response to water deficit, remaining significantly more open than wild type, its stomatal aperture was surprisingly reduced when subjected to the stress combination. Stomatal closure during stress combination in abi1-1 was accompanied by higher levels of H2O2 in leaves, suggesting that H2O2 might play a role in this response. In contrast to the almost wild-type stomatal closure phenotype of abi1-1 during stress combination, the accumulation of ascorbate peroxidase 1 and multiprotein bridging factor 1c proteins, required for acclimation to a combination of water deficit and heat stress, was significantly reduced in abi1-1 Our findings reveal a key function for ABA in regulating the accumulation of essential proteins during a combination of water deficit and heat stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara I Zandalinas
- Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Campus Riu Sec, E- 12071 Castello de la Plana, Spain
| | - Damián Balfagón
- Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Campus Riu Sec, E- 12071 Castello de la Plana, Spain
| | - Vicent Arbona
- Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Campus Riu Sec, E- 12071 Castello de la Plana, Spain
| | - Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas
- Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Campus Riu Sec, E- 12071 Castello de la Plana, Spain
| | - Madhuri A Inupakutika
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #305220, Denton, TX 76203-5017, USA
| | - Ron Mittler
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #305220, Denton, TX 76203-5017, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Bidzinski P, Ballini E, Ducasse A, Michel C, Zuluaga P, Genga A, Chiozzotto R, Morel JB. Transcriptional Basis of Drought-Induced Susceptibility to the Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. Front Plant Sci 2016; 7:1558. [PMID: 27833621 PMCID: PMC5081564 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plants are often facing several stresses simultaneously. Understanding how they react and the way pathogens adapt to such combinational stresses is poorly documented. Here, we developed an experimental system mimicking field intermittent drought on rice followed by inoculation by the pathogenic fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. This experimental system triggers an enhancement of susceptibility that could be correlated with the dampening of several aspects of plant immunity, namely the oxidative burst and the transcription of several pathogenesis-related genes. Quite strikingly, the analysis of fungal transcription by RNASeq analysis under drought reveals that the fungus is greatly modifying its virulence program: genes coding for small secreted proteins were massively repressed in droughted plants compared to unstressed ones whereas genes coding for enzymes involved in degradation of cell-wall were induced. We also show that drought can lead to the partial breakdown of several major resistance genes by affecting R plant gene and/or pathogen effector expression. We propose a model where a yet unknown plant signal can trigger a change in the virulence program of the pathogen to adapt to a plant host that was affected by drought prior to infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Przemyslaw Bidzinski
- INRA, UMR BGPI INRA/CIRAD/SupAgro, Campus International de BaillarguetMontpellier, France
| | - Elsa Ballini
- SupAgro, UMR BGPI INRA/CIRAD/SupAgro, Campus International de BaillarguetMontpellier, France
| | - Aurélie Ducasse
- INRA, UMR BGPI INRA/CIRAD/SupAgro, Campus International de BaillarguetMontpellier, France
| | - Corinne Michel
- INRA, UMR BGPI INRA/CIRAD/SupAgro, Campus International de BaillarguetMontpellier, France
| | - Paola Zuluaga
- INRA, UMR BGPI INRA/CIRAD/SupAgro, Campus International de BaillarguetMontpellier, France
| | - Annamaria Genga
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research CouncilMilan, Italy
| | - Remo Chiozzotto
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research CouncilMilan, Italy
| | - Jean-Benoit Morel
- INRA, UMR BGPI INRA/CIRAD/SupAgro, Campus International de BaillarguetMontpellier, France
- *Correspondence: Jean-Benoit Morel,
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Chen TW, Nguyen TMN, Kahlen K, Stützel H. High temperature and vapor pressure deficit aggravate architectural effects but ameliorate non-architectural effects of salinity on dry mass production of tomato. Front Plant Sci 2015; 6:887. [PMID: 26539203 PMCID: PMC4612157 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is an important vegetable crop and often cultivated in regions exposed to salinity and high temperatures (HT) which change plant architecture, decrease canopy light interception and disturb physiological functions. However, the long-term effects of salinity and HT combination (S+HT) on plant growth are still unclear. A dynamic functional-structural plant model (FSPM) of tomato was parameterized and evaluated for different levels of S+HT combinations. The evaluated model was used to quantify the contributions of morphological changes (architectural effects) and physiological disturbances (non-architectural effects) on the reduction of shoot dry mass under S+HT. The model predicted architectural variables with high accuracy (>85%), which ensured the reliability of the model analyses. HT enhanced architectural effects but reduced non-architectural effects of salinity on dry mass production. The stronger architectural effects of salinity under HT could not be counterbalanced by the smaller non-architectural effects. Therefore, long-term influences of HT on shoot dry mass under salinity were negative at the whole plant level. Our model analysis highlights the importance of plant architecture at canopy level in studying the plant responses to the environments and shows the merits of dynamic FSPMs as heuristic tools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsu-Wei Chen
- Department of Vegetable Systems Modelling, Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Leibniz Universität HannoverHannover, Germany
| | - Thi M. N. Nguyen
- Department of Vegetable Systems Modelling, Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Leibniz Universität HannoverHannover, Germany
| | - Katrin Kahlen
- Department of Vegetable Crops, Hochschule Geisenheim UniversityGeisenheimw, Germany
| | - Hartmut Stützel
- Department of Vegetable Systems Modelling, Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Leibniz Universität HannoverHannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Rivero RM, Mestre TC, Mittler R, Rubio F, Garcia-Sanchez F, Martinez V. The combined effect of salinity and heat reveals a specific physiological, biochemical and molecular response in tomato plants. Plant Cell Environ 2014; 37:1059-73. [PMID: 24028172 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Revised: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have described the response mechanisms of plants to salinity and heat applied individually; however, under field conditions some abiotic stresses often occur simultaneously. Recent studies revealed that the response of plants to a combination of two different stresses is specific and cannot be deduced from the stresses applied individually. Here, we report on the response of tomato plants to a combination of heat and salt stress. Interestingly, and in contrast to the expected negative effect of the stress combination on plant growth, our results show that the combination of heat and salinity provides a significant level of protection to tomato plants from the effects of salinity. We observed a specific response of plants to the stress combination that included accumulation of glycine betaine and trehalose. The accumulation of these compounds under the stress combination was linked to the maintenance of a high K(+) concentration and thus a lower Na(+) /K(+) ratio, with a better performance of the cell water status and photosynthesis as compared with salinity alone. Our findings unravel new and unexpected aspects of the response of plants to stress combination and provide a proposed list of enzymatic targets for improving crop tolerance to the abiotic field environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa M Rivero
- Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Espinardo, Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|