1
|
Porokhovinova EA, Shelenga TV, Kerv YA, Khoreva VI, Konarev AV, Yakusheva TV, Pavlov AV, Slobodkina AA, Brutch NB. Features of Profiles of Biologically Active Compounds of Primary and Secondary Metabolism of Lines from VIR Flax Genetic Collection, Contrasting in Size and Color of Seeds. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:750. [PMID: 35336633 PMCID: PMC8953942 DOI: 10.3390/plants11060750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Flax is one of the oldest oil crops, but only since the end of the twentieth century nutritional use of its whole seeds and flour has been resumed. This crop has been evaluated for its oil fatty acid composition, content of sterols and tocopherols, carbohydrate composition of mucilage, but a comprehensive study has never been carried out, so the aim of the work was to identify differences in the metabolomic profiles of flax lines contrasting in color and size of seeds. The biochemical composition of seeds from 16 lines of the sixth generation of inbreeding was tested using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. In total, more than 90 compounds related to sugars (78% of the identified substances), free fatty acids (13%), polyatomic alcohols (5%), heterocyclic compounds, free amino acids, phytosterols and organic acids (no more than 2.5% in total) were identified. Statistical analyses revealed six main factors. The first is a factor of sugar content; the second one affects most of organic acids, as well as some free fatty acids, not related to reserve ones, the third factor is related to compounds that play a certain role in the formation of "storage" substances and resistance to stress, the fourth factor is influencing free polar amino acids, some organic and free fatty acids, the fifth one is a factor of phenolic compounds, the sixth factor combined substances not included in the first five groups. Factor analysis made it possible to differentiate all 16 lines, 10 of which occupied a separate position by one or two factors. Interestingly, the first two factors with the highest loads (20 and 15% of the total variability, respectively) showed a separate position of the gc-432 line, which differed from the others, not only by chemical composition, but also by the phenotype of the seeds, while gc-159 differed from the rest ones by the complex of organic acids and other substances taking about 1% of the extracted substances of the seed. Thus, the analysis of metabolomic profiles is promising for a comprehensive assessment of the VIR flax genetic collection, which has wide biochemical diversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nina B. Brutch
- N. I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), B. Morskaya Str. 42–44, 19000 St. Petersburg, Russia; (E.A.P.); (T.V.S.); (Y.A.K.); (V.I.K.); (A.V.K.); (T.V.Y.); (A.V.P.); (A.A.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Integument-Specific Transcriptional Regulation in the Mid-Stage of Flax Seed Development Influences the Release of Mucilage and the Seed Oil Content. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102677. [PMID: 34685657 PMCID: PMC8534900 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) seed oil, which accumulates in the embryo, and mucilage, which is synthesized in the seed coat, are of great economic importance for food, pharmaceutical as well as chemical industries. Theories on the link between oil and mucilage production in seeds consist in the spatio-temporal competition of both compounds for photosynthates during the very early stages of seed development. In this study, we demonstrate a positive relationship between seed oil production and seed coat mucilage extrusion in the agronomic model, flax. Three recombinant inbred lines were selected for low, medium and high mucilage and seed oil contents. Metabolite and transcript profiling (1H NMR and DNA oligo-microarrays) was performed on the seeds during seed development. These analyses showed main changes in the seed coat transcriptome during the mid-phase of seed development (25 Days Post-Anthesis), once the mucilage biosynthesis and modification processes are thought to be finished. These transcriptome changes comprised genes that are putatively involved in mucilage chemical modification and oil synthesis, as well as gibberellic acid (GA) metabolism. The results of this integrative biology approach suggest that transcriptional regulations of seed oil and fatty acid (FA) metabolism could occur in the seed coat during the mid-stage of seed development, once the seed coat carbon supplies have been used for mucilage biosynthesis and mechanochemical properties of the mucilage secretory cells.
Collapse
|
3
|
Cowley JM, Herliana L, Neumann KA, Ciani S, Cerne V, Burton RA. A small-scale fractionation pipeline for rapid analysis of seed mucilage characteristics. PLANT METHODS 2020; 16:20. [PMID: 32123537 PMCID: PMC7038624 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-020-00569-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myxospermy is a process by which the external surfaces of seeds of many plant species produce mucilage-a polysaccharide-rich gel with numerous fundamental research and industrial applications. Due to its functional properties the mucilage can be difficult to remove from the seed and established methods for mucilage extraction are often incomplete, time-consuming and unnecessarily wasteful of precious seed stocks. RESULTS Here we tested the efficacy of several established protocols for seed mucilage extraction and then downsized and adapted the most effective elements into a rapid, small-scale extraction and analysis pipeline. Within 4 h, three chemically- and functionally-distinct mucilage fractions were obtained from myxospermous seeds. These fractions were used to study natural variation and demonstrate structure-function links, to screen for known mucilage quality markers in a field trial, and to identify research and industry-relevant lines from a large mutant population. CONCLUSION The use of this pipeline allows rapid analysis of mucilage characteristics from diverse myxospermous germplasm which can contribute to fundamental research into mucilage production and properties, quality testing for industrial manufacturing, and progressing breeding efforts in myxospermous crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James M. Cowley
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA Australia
| | - Lina Herliana
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA Australia
| | - Kylie A. Neumann
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA Australia
| | - Silvano Ciani
- Dr. Schär R&D Centre, AREA Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Virna Cerne
- Dr. Schär R&D Centre, AREA Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Rachel A. Burton
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Miart F, Fournet F, Dubrulle N, Petit E, Demailly H, Dupont L, Zabijak L, Marcelo P, Boudaoud A, Pineau C, Guénin S, Van Wuytswinkel O, Mesnard F, Pageau K. Cytological Approaches Combined With Chemical Analysis Reveals the Layered Nature of Flax Mucilage. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:684. [PMID: 31293601 PMCID: PMC6598216 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The external seed coat cell layer of certain species is specialized in the production and extrusion of a polysaccharide matrix called mucilage. Variations in the content of the released mucilage have been mainly associated with genetically regulated physiological modifications. Understanding the mucilage extrusion process in crop species is of importance to gain deeper insight into the complex cell wall biosynthesis and dynamics. In this study, we took advantage of the varying polysaccharide composition and the size of the flax mucilage secretory cells (MSCs) to study mucilage composition and extrusion in this species of agricultural interest. We demonstrate herein that flax MSCs are structured in four superimposed layers and that rhamnogalacturonans I (RG I) are firstly synthesized, in the upper face, preceding arabinoxylan and glucan synthesis in MSC lower layers. Our results also reveal that the flax mucilage release originates from inside MSC, between the upper and deeper layers, the latter collaborating to trigger polysaccharide expansion, radial cell wall breaking and mucilage extrusion in a peeling fashion. Here, we provide evidence that the layer organization and polysaccharide composition of the MSCs regulate the mucilage release efficiency like a peeling mechanism. Finally, we propose that flax MSCs may represent an excellent model for further investigations of mucilage biosynthesis and its release.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Miart
- Unité Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, EA-3900, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, UFR des Sciences, Amiens, France
| | - Françoise Fournet
- Unité Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, EA-3900, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, UFR des Sciences, Amiens, France
| | - Nelly Dubrulle
- Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Université de Lyon, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Lyon, France
| | - Emmanuel Petit
- Unité Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, EA-3900, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, UFR des Sciences, Amiens, France
| | - Hervé Demailly
- Centre de Ressources Régionales en Biologie Moléculaire, UFR des Sciences, Amiens, France
| | - Loic Dupont
- Laboratoire de Réactivité et de Chimie des Solides, CNRS UMR 7314, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, UFR des Sciences, Amiens, France
| | - Luciane Zabijak
- Plateforme d’Ingénierie Cellulaire et d’Analyses des Protéines, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, Amiens, France
| | - Paulo Marcelo
- Plateforme d’Ingénierie Cellulaire et d’Analyses des Protéines, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, Amiens, France
| | - Arezki Boudaoud
- Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Université de Lyon, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Lyon, France
| | - Christophe Pineau
- Unité Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, EA-3900, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, UFR des Sciences, Amiens, France
| | - Stéphanie Guénin
- Centre de Ressources Régionales en Biologie Moléculaire, UFR des Sciences, Amiens, France
| | - Olivier Van Wuytswinkel
- Unité Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, EA-3900, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, UFR des Sciences, Amiens, France
| | - François Mesnard
- Unité Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, EA-3900, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, UFR des Sciences, Amiens, France
| | - Karine Pageau
- Unité Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, EA-3900, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, UFR des Sciences, Amiens, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Miart F, Fontaine JX, Pineau C, Demailly H, Thomasset B, Van Wuytswinkel O, Pageau K, Mesnard F. MuSeeQ, a novel supervised image analysis tool for the simultaneous phenotyping of the soluble mucilage and seed morphometric parameters. PLANT METHODS 2018; 14:112. [PMID: 30568724 PMCID: PMC6297999 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-018-0377-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mucilage is a model to study the polysaccharide biosynthesis since it is produced in large amounts and composed of complex polymers. In addition, it is of great economic interest for its technical and nutritional value. A fast method for phenotyping the released mucilage and the seed morphometric parameters will be useful for fundamental, food, pharmaceutical and breeding researches. Current strategies to phenotype soluble mucilage are restricted to visual evaluations or are highly time-consuming. RESULTS Here, we developed a high-throughput phenotyping method for the simultaneous measurement of the soluble mucilage content released on a gel and the seed morphometric parameters. Within this context, we combined a biochemical assay and an open-source computer-aided image analysis tool, MuSeeQ. The biochemical assay consists in sowing seeds on an agarose medium containing the dye toluidine blue O, which specifically stains the mucilage once it is released on the gel. The second part of MuSeeQ is a macro developed in ImageJ allowing to quickly extract and analyse 11 morphometric data of seeds and their respective released mucilages. As an example, MuSeeQ was applied on a flax recombinant inbred lines population (previously screened for fatty acids content.) and revealed significant correlations between the soluble mucilage shape and the concentration of some fatty acids, e.g. C16:0 and C18:2. Other fatty acids were also found to correlate with the seed shape parameters, e.g. C18:0 and C18:2. MuSeeQ was then showed to be used for the analysis of other myxospermous species, including Arabidopsis thaliana and Camelina sativa. CONCLUSIONS MuSeeQ is a low-cost and user-friendly method which may be used by breeders and researchers for phenotyping simultaneously seeds of specific cultivars, natural variants or mutants and their respective soluble mucilage area released on a gel. The script of MuSeeQ and video tutorials are freely available at http://MuSeeQ.free.fr.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Miart
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, EA-3900, UPJV, UFR des Sciences, 33 rue St Leu, 80039 Amiens, France
- Present Address: Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, INRA/AgroParisTech, Saclay Plant Sciences, INRA Centre de Versailles, 78026 Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Xavier Fontaine
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, EA-3900, UPJV, UFR des Sciences, 33 rue St Leu, 80039 Amiens, France
| | - Christophe Pineau
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, EA-3900, UPJV, UFR des Sciences, 33 rue St Leu, 80039 Amiens, France
| | - Hervé Demailly
- Centre de ressources régionales en biologie moléculaire, Bâtiment Serrres-Transfert, rue Dallery, 80039 Amiens Cedex 1, France
| | - Brigitte Thomasset
- Sorbonne Universités, Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire, UMR CNRS 7025, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, CS 60319, 60203 Compiègne Cedex, France
| | - Olivier Van Wuytswinkel
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, EA-3900, UPJV, UFR des Sciences, 33 rue St Leu, 80039 Amiens, France
| | - Karine Pageau
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, EA-3900, UPJV, UFR des Sciences, 33 rue St Leu, 80039 Amiens, France
| | - François Mesnard
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, EA-3900, UPJV, UFR des Sciences, 33 rue St Leu, 80039 Amiens, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fractionation and structural characterization of six purified rhamnogalacturonans type I from flaxseed mucilage. Food Hydrocoll 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
7
|
Vuksan V, Choleva L, Jovanovski E, Jenkins AL, Au-Yeung F, Dias AG, Ho HVT, Zurbau A, Duvnjak L. Comparison of flax (Linum usitatissimum) and Salba-chia (Salvia hispanica L.) seeds on postprandial glycemia and satiety in healthy individuals: a randomized, controlled, crossover study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2016; 71:234-238. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2016.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
8
|
Liu J, Shim YY, Shen J, Wang Y, Ghosh S, Reaney MJT. Variation of composition and functional properties of gum from six Canadian flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum
L.) cultivars. Int J Food Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Department of Plant Sciences; University of Saskatchewan; 51 Campus Drive Saskatoon SK S7N 5A8 Canada
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering; China Agricultural University; No. 17 Qinghua Donglu Haidian District Beijing 100083 China
| | - Youn Young Shim
- Department of Plant Sciences; University of Saskatchewan; 51 Campus Drive Saskatoon SK S7N 5A8 Canada
- Prairie Tide Chemicals Inc.; 102 Melville Street Saskatoon SK S7J 0R1 Canada
| | - Jianheng Shen
- Department of Plant Sciences; University of Saskatchewan; 51 Campus Drive Saskatoon SK S7N 5A8 Canada
| | - Yong Wang
- Guangdong Saskatchewan Oilseed Joint Laboratory; Department of Food Science and Engineering; Jinan University; 601 Huangpu Avenue West Guangzhou Guangdong 510632 China
| | - Supratim Ghosh
- Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences; University of Saskatchewan; 51 Campus Drive Saskatoon SK S7N 5A8 Canada
| | - Martin J. T. Reaney
- Department of Plant Sciences; University of Saskatchewan; 51 Campus Drive Saskatoon SK S7N 5A8 Canada
- Prairie Tide Chemicals Inc.; 102 Melville Street Saskatoon SK S7J 0R1 Canada
- Guangdong Saskatchewan Oilseed Joint Laboratory; Department of Food Science and Engineering; Jinan University; 601 Huangpu Avenue West Guangzhou Guangdong 510632 China
| |
Collapse
|