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Zhang Y, Zhao Z, Liu Z, Yao J, Yin K, Yan C, Zhang Y, Liu J, Li J, Zhao N, Zhao R, Zhou X, Chen S. Populus euphratica PeNADP-ME interacts with PePLDδ to mediate sodium and ROS homeostasis under salinity stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 210:108600. [PMID: 38593488 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Populus euphratica phospholipase Dδ (PePLDδ) is transcriptionally regulated and mediates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ion homeostasis under saline conditions. The purpose of this study is to explore the post-transcriptional regulation of PePLDδ in response to salt environment. P. euphratica PePLDδ was shown to interact with the NADP-dependent malic enzyme (NADP-ME) by screening the yeast two-hybrid libraries. The transcription level of PeNADP-ME increased upon salt exposure to NaCl (200 mM) in leaves and roots of P. euphratica. PeNADP-ME had a similar subcellular location with PePLDδ in the cytoplasm, and the interaction between PeNADP-ME and PePLDδ was further verified by GST pull-down and yeast two-hybrid. To clarify whether PeNADP-ME interacts with PePLDδ to enhance salt tolerance, PePLDδ and PeNADP-ME were overexpressed singly or doubly in Arabidopsis thaliana. Dual overexpression of PeNADP-ME and PePLDδ resulted in an even more pronounced improvement in salt tolerance compared with single transformants overexpressing PeNADP-ME or PePLDδ alone. Greater Na+ limitation and Na+ efflux in roots were observed in doubly overexpressed plants compared with singly overexpressed plants with PeNADP-ME or PePLDδ. Furthermore, NaCl stimulation of SOD, APX, and POD activity and transcription were more remarkable in the doubly overexpressed plants. It is noteworthy that the enzymic activity of NADP-ME and PLD, and total phosphatidic acid (PA) concentrations were significantly higher in the double-overexpressed plants than in the single transformants. We conclude that PeNADP-ME interacts with PePLDδ in Arabidopsis to promote PLD-derived PA signaling, conferring Na+ extrusion and ROS scavenging under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, College of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ziyan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, College of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, College of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jun Yao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520, China
| | - Kexin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, College of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Caixia Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, College of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, College of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, College of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, College of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, College of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, College of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, College of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Shaoliang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, College of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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Zhang Y, Yin K, Yao J, Zhao Z, Liu Z, Yan C, Zhang Y, Liu J, Li J, Zhao N, Zhao R, Zhou X, Chen S. Populus euphratica GLABRA3 Binds PLDδ Promoters to Enhance Salt Tolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098208. [PMID: 37175914 PMCID: PMC10179125 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
High NaCl (200 mM) increases the transcription of phospholipase Dδ (PLDδ) in roots and leaves of the salt-resistant woody species Populus euphratica. We isolated a 1138 bp promoter fragment upstream of the translation initiation codon of PePLDδ. A promoter-reporter construct, PePLDδ-pro::GUS, was introduced into Arabidopsis plants (Arabidopsis thaliana) to demonstrate the NaCl-induced PePLDδ promoter activity in root and leaf tissues. Mass spectrometry analysis of DNA pull-down-enriched proteins in P. euphratica revealed that PeGLABRA3, a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, was the target transcription factor for binding the promoter region of PePLDδ. The PeGLABRA3 binding to PePLDδ-pro was further verified by virus-induced gene silencing, luciferase reporter assay (LRA), yeast one-hybrid assay, and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). In addition, the PeGLABRA3 gene was cloned and overexpressed in Arabidopsis to determine the function of PeGLABRA3 in salt tolerance. PeGLABRA3-overexpressed Arabidopsis lines (OE1 and OE2) had a greater capacity to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and to extrude Na+ under salinity stress. Furthermore, the EMSA and LRA results confirmed that PeGLABRA3 interacted with the promoter of AtPLDδ in transgenic plants. The upregulated AtPLDδ in PeGLABRA3-transgenic lines resulted in an increase in phosphatidic acid species under no-salt and saline conditions. We conclude that PeGLABRA3 activated AtPLDδ transcription under salt stress by binding to the AtPLDδ promoter region, conferring Na+ and ROS homeostasis control via signaling pathways mediated by PLDδ and phosphatidic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forest and Flower Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Education, College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Kexin Yin
- Key Laboratory of Forest and Flower Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Education, College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jun Yao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, China
| | - Ziyan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Forest and Flower Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Education, College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forest and Flower Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Education, College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Caixia Yan
- Key Laboratory of Forest and Flower Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Education, College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forest and Flower Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Education, College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forest and Flower Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Education, College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Forest and Flower Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Education, College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Forest and Flower Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Education, College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Forest and Flower Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Education, College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Forest and Flower Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Education, College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shaoliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Forest and Flower Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Education, College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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Zhu Y, Zhao M, Li T, Wang L, Liao C, Liu D, Zhang H, Zhao Y, Liu L, Ge X, Li B. Interactions between Verticillium dahliae and cotton: pathogenic mechanism and cotton resistance mechanism to Verticillium wilt. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1174281. [PMID: 37152175 PMCID: PMC10161258 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1174281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Cotton is widely grown in many countries around the world due to the huge economic value of the total natural fiber. Verticillium wilt, caused by the soil-borne pathogen Verticillium dahliae, is the most devastating disease that led to extensive yield losses and fiber quality reduction in cotton crops. Developing resistant cotton varieties through genetic engineering is an effective, economical, and durable strategy to control Verticillium wilt. However, there are few resistance gene resources in the currently planted cotton varieties, which has brought great challenges and difficulties for breeding through genetic engineering. Further revealing the molecular mechanism between V. dahliae and cotton interaction is crucial to discovering genes related to disease resistance. In this review, we elaborated on the pathogenic mechanism of V. dahliae and the resistance mechanism of cotton to Verticillium wilt. V. dahliae has evolved complex mechanisms to achieve pathogenicity in cotton, mainly including five aspects: (1) germination and growth of microsclerotia; (2) infection and successful colonization; (3) adaptation to the nutrient-deficient environment and competition of nutrients; (4) suppression and manipulation of cotton immune responses; (5) rapid reproduction and secretion of toxins. Cotton has evolved multiple physiological and biochemical responses to cope with V. dahliae infection, including modification of tissue structures, accumulation of antifungal substances, homeostasis of reactive oxygen species (ROS), induction of Ca2+ signaling, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades, hormone signaling, and PAMPs/effectors-triggered immune response (PTI/ETI). This review will provide an important reference for the breeding of new cotton germplasm resistant to Verticillium wilt through genetic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Zhu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, China
- *Correspondence: Yutao Zhu, ; Bingbing Li,
| | - Mei Zhao
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, China
| | - Taotao Li
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, China
| | - Lianzhe Wang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, China
| | - Chunli Liao
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, China
| | - Dongxiao Liu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, China
| | - Huamin Zhang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, China
| | - Yanpeng Zhao
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lisen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Xiaoyang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Bingbing Li
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, China
- *Correspondence: Yutao Zhu, ; Bingbing Li,
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Zhang Y, Yao J, Yin K, Liu Z, Zhang Y, Deng C, Liu J, Zhang Y, Hou S, Zhang H, Yu D, Zhao N, Zhao R, Chen S. Populus euphratica Phospholipase Dδ Increases Salt Tolerance by Regulating K +/Na + and ROS Homeostasis in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094911. [PMID: 35563299 PMCID: PMC9105705 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholipase Dα (PLDα), which produces signaling molecules phosphatidic acid (PA), has been shown to play a critical role in plants adapting to salt environments. However, it is unclear whether phospholipase Dδ (PLDδ) can mediate the salt response in higher plants. PePLDδ was isolated from salt-resistant Populus euphratica and transferred to Arabidopsis thaliana to testify the salt tolerance of transgenic plants. The NaCl treatment (130 mM) reduced the root growth and whole-plant fresh weight of wild-type (WT) A. thaliana, vector controls (VC) and PePLDδ-overexpressed lines, although a less pronounced effect was observed in transgenic plants. Under salt treatment, PePLDδ-transgenic Arabidopsis exhibited lower electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde content and H2O2 levels than WT and VC, resulting from the activated antioxidant enzymes and upregulated transcripts of genes encoding superoxide dismutase, ascorbic acid peroxidase and peroxidase. In addition, PePLDδ-overexpressed plants increased the transcription of genes encoding the plasma membrane Na+/H+ antiporter (AtSOS1) and H+-ATPase (AtAHA2), which enabled transgenic plants to proceed with Na+ extrusion and reduce K+ loss under salinity. The capacity to regulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and K+/Na+ homeostasis was associated with the abundance of specific PA species in plants overexpressing PePLDδ. PePLDδ-transgenic plants retained a typically higher abundance of PA species, 34:2 (16:0–18:2), 34:3 (16:0–18:3), 36:4 (18:2–18:2), 36:5 (18:2–18:3) and 36:6 (18:3–18:3), under control and saline conditions. It is noteworthy that PA species 34:2 (16:0–18:2), 34:3 (16:0–18:3), 36:4 (18:2–18:2) and 36:5 (18:2–18:3) markedly increased in response to NaCl in transgenic plants. In conclusion, we suppose that PePLDδ-derived PA enhanced the salinity tolerance by regulating ROS and K+/Na+ homeostasis in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forest and Flower Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Education, College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (K.Y.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.D.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.H.); (N.Z.); (R.Z.)
| | - Jun Yao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, China;
| | - Kexin Yin
- Key Laboratory of Forest and Flower Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Education, College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (K.Y.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.D.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.H.); (N.Z.); (R.Z.)
| | - Zhe Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forest and Flower Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Education, College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (K.Y.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.D.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.H.); (N.Z.); (R.Z.)
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forest and Flower Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Education, College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (K.Y.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.D.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.H.); (N.Z.); (R.Z.)
| | - Chen Deng
- Key Laboratory of Forest and Flower Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Education, College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (K.Y.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.D.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.H.); (N.Z.); (R.Z.)
| | - Jian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forest and Flower Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Education, College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (K.Y.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.D.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.H.); (N.Z.); (R.Z.)
| | - Yinan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forest and Flower Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Education, College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (K.Y.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.D.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.H.); (N.Z.); (R.Z.)
- Forestry Institute of New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Siyuan Hou
- Key Laboratory of Forest and Flower Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Education, College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (K.Y.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.D.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.H.); (N.Z.); (R.Z.)
| | - Huilong Zhang
- Research Center of Saline and Alkali Land of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China;
| | - Dade Yu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing 100700, China;
| | - Nan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Forest and Flower Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Education, College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (K.Y.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.D.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.H.); (N.Z.); (R.Z.)
| | - Rui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Forest and Flower Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Education, College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (K.Y.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.D.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.H.); (N.Z.); (R.Z.)
| | - Shaoliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Forest and Flower Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Education, College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (K.Y.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.D.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.H.); (N.Z.); (R.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-6233-8129
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Deepika D, Singh A. Plant phospholipase D: novel structure, regulatory mechanism, and multifaceted functions with biotechnological application. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 42:106-124. [PMID: 34167393 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1924113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipases D (PLDs) are important membrane lipid-modifying enzymes in eukaryotes. Phosphatidic acid, the product of PLD activity, is a vital signaling molecule. PLD-mediated lipid signaling has been the subject of extensive research leading to discovery of its crystal structure. PLDs are involved in the pathophysiology of several human diseases, therefore, viewed as promising targets for drug design. The availability of a eukaryotic PLD crystal structure will encourage PLD targeted drug designing. PLDs have been implicated in plants response to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the molecular mechanism of response is not clear. Recently, several novel findings have shown that PLD mediated modulation of structural and developmental processes, such as: stomata movement, root growth and microtubule organization are crucial for plants adaptation to environmental stresses. Involvement of PLDs in regulating membrane remodeling, auxin mediated alteration of root system architecture and nutrient uptake to combat nitrogen and phosphorus deficiencies and magnesium toxicity is established. PLDs via vesicle trafficking modulate cytoskeleton and exocytosis to regulate self-incompatibility (SI) signaling in flowering plants, thereby contributes to plants hybrid vigor and diversity. In addition, the important role of PLDs has been recognized in biotechnologically important functions, including oil/TAG synthesis and maintenance of seed quality. In this review, we describe the crystal structure of a plant PLD and discuss the molecular mechanism of catalysis and activity regulation. Further, the role of PLDs in regulating plant development under biotic and abiotic stresses, nitrogen and phosphorus deficiency, magnesium ion toxicity, SI signaling and pollen tube growth and in important biotechnological applications has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Deepika
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Amarjeet Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
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Sagar S, Deepika, Biswas DK, Chandrasekar R, Singh A. Genome-wide identification, structure analysis and expression profiling of phospholipases D under hormone and abiotic stress treatment in chickpea (Cicer arietinum). Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 169:264-273. [PMID: 33338528 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipases D (PLDs) are phospholipid hydrolyzing enzymes and crucial components of lipid signaling in plants. PLDs are implicated in stress responses in different plants however, characterization of PLDs in chickpea is missing. Here, we identify 13 PLD genes in the chickpea genome. PLD family could be divided into α, β, δ, ε and ζ isoforms based on sequence and structure. Protein remodeling described that chickpea PLDs are composed of defined arrangements of α-helix, β-sheets and short loops. Phylogenetic analysis suggested evolutionary conservation of chickpea PLD family with dicots. In-planta subcellular localization showed the plasma membrane localization of chickpea PLDs. All PLD promoters had hormone and stress related cis-regulatory elements, which suggested overlapping function of PLDs in hormone and abiotic stress signaling. The qRT-PCR expression analysis revealed that most PLD genes are differentially expressed in multiple abiotic stresses (drought, salt and cold stress). Moreover, several PLD genes had overlapping expression in abiotic stress and ABA and JA treatment. These observations indicate the involvement of PLD gene family in cross-talk of phytohormone and abiotic stress signaling in chickpea. Thus, present study opens new avenues of utilizing PLD related information for understanding hormone-regulated abiotic stress signaling in legume crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushma Sagar
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Deepika
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi 110067, India
| | | | | | - Amarjeet Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi 110067, India.
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Regulation of ABA-Non-Activated SNF1-Related Protein Kinase 2 Signaling Pathways by Phosphatidic Acid. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144984. [PMID: 32679718 PMCID: PMC7404309 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidic acid (PA) is involved in the regulation of plant growth and development, as well as responses to various environmental stimuli. Several PA targets in plant cells were identified, including two SNF1-related protein kinases 2 (SnRK2s), SnRK2.10 and SnRK2.4, which are not activated by abscisic acid (ABA). Here, we investigated the effects of PA on various elements of ABA-non-activated SnRK2 signaling. PA 16:0/18:1 was found to modulate the SnRK2 structure and the phosphorylation of some SnRK2 targets. Conversely, phosphorylation by the ABA-non-activated SnRK2s, of one of such targets, dehydrin Early Responsive to Dehydration 14 (ERD14), affects its interaction with PA and subcellular localization. Moreover, PA 16:0/18:1 modulates the activity and/or localization of negative regulators of the ABA-non-activated SnRK2s, not only of the ABA insensitive 1 (ABI1) phosphatase, which was identified earlier, but also of another protein phosphatase 2C, PP2CA. The activity of both phosphatases was inhibited by about 50% in the presence of 50 μM PA. PA 16:0/18:1 also impacts the phosphorylation and subcellular localization of SnRK2-interacting calcium sensor, known to inhibit SnRK2 activity in a calcium-dependent manner. Thus, PA was found to regulate ABA-non-activated SnRK2 signaling at several levels: the activity, phosphorylation status and/or localization of SnRK2 cellular partners.
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Ji T, Li S, Li L, Huang M, Wang X, Wei M, Shi Q, Li Y, Gong B, Yang F. Cucumber Phospholipase D alpha gene overexpression in tobacco enhanced drought stress tolerance by regulating stomatal closure and lipid peroxidation. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 18:355. [PMID: 30547756 PMCID: PMC6293578 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1592-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant phospholipase D (PLD), which can hydrolyze membrane phospholipids to produce phosphatidic acid (PA), a secondary signaling molecule, has been proposed to function in diverse plant stress responses. Both PLD and PA play key roles in plant growth, development, and cellular processes. PLD was suggested to mediate the regulation of stomatal movements by abscisic acid (ABA) as a response to water deficit. In this research, we characterized the roles of the cucumber phospholipase D alpha gene (CsPLDα, GenBank accession number EF363796) in the growth and tolerance of transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) to drought stress. RESULTS The CsPLDα overexpression in tobacco lines correlated with the ABA synthesis and metabolism, regulated the rapid stomatal closure in drought stress, and reduced the water loss. The NtNCED1 expression levels in the transgenic lines and wild type (WT) were sharply up-regulated after 16 days of drought stress compared with those before treatment, and the expression level in the transgenic lines was significantly higher than that in the WT. The NtAOG expression level evidently improved after 8 and 16 days compared with that at 0 day of treatment and was significantly lower in the transgenic lines than in the WT. The ABA content in the transgenic lines was significantly higher than that in the WT. The CsPLDα overexpression could increase the osmolyte content and reduce the ion leakage. The proline, soluble sugar, and soluble protein contents significantly increased. By contrast, the electrolytic leakage and malondialdehyde accumulation in leaves significantly decreased. The shoot and root fresh and dry weights of the overexpression lines significantly increased. These results indicated that a significant correlation between CsPLDα overexpression and improved resistance to water deficit. CONCLUSIONS The plants with overexpressed CsPLDα exhibited lower water loss, higher leaf relative water content, and heavier fresh and dry matter accumulation than the WT. We proposed that CsPLDα was involved in the ABA-dependent pathway in mediating the stomatal closure and preventing the elevation of intracellular solute potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuzhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lujun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 People’s Republic of China
| | - Meili Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiufeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Huanghuai Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Tai’an, 271018 People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qinghua Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Huanghuai Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Tai’an, 271018 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 People’s Republic of China
| | - Biao Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengjuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Huanghuai Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Tai’an, 271018 People’s Republic of China
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Guo Z, Liang Y, Yan J, Yang E, Li K, Xu H. Physiological response and transcription profiling analysis reveals the role of H 2S in alleviating excess nitrate stress tolerance in tomato roots. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 124:59-69. [PMID: 29348067 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Soil secondary salinization caused by excess nitrate addition is one of the major obstacles in greenhouse vegetable production. Excess nitrate inhibited the growth of tomato plants, while application of 100 μM H2S donor NaHS efficiently increased the plant height, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root, root length, endogenous H2S contents and L-cysteine desulfhydrases activities. NaHS altered the oxidative status of nitrate-stressed plants as inferred by changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and lipid peroxidation accompanied by regulation of the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Besides, NaHS increased the nitric oxide (NO) and total S-nitrosothiols (SNOs) contents, nitrate reductase (NR) activities and decreased the S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) activities under nitrate stress. Furthermore, microarray analysis using the Affymetrix Tomato GeneChip showed that 5349 transcripts were up-regulated and 5536 transcripts were down-regulated under NaHS and excess nitrate stress treatment, compared to the excess nitrate stress alone. The differentially expressed genes (log2 fold change >2 or < -2) of up-regulated (213) and down-regulated (271) genes identified were functionally annotated and subsequently classified into 9 functional categories. These categories included metabolism, signal transduction, defence response, transcription factor, protein synthesis and protein fate, transporter, cell wall related, hormone response, cell death, energy and unknown proteins. Our study suggested exogenous NaHS might enhance excess nitrate stress tolerance of tomato plants by modulating ROS and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) signaling and downstream transcriptional adjustment, such as defence response, signal transduction and transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolai Guo
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Jingming South Street, Kunming, Yunnan 650224, PR China
| | - Yuanlin Liang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Jingming South Street, Kunming, Yunnan 650224, PR China
| | - Jinping Yan
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Jingming South Street, Kunming, Yunnan 650224, PR China
| | - En Yang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Jingming South Street, Kunming, Yunnan 650224, PR China
| | - Kunzhi Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Jingming South Street, Kunming, Yunnan 650224, PR China
| | - Huini Xu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Jingming South Street, Kunming, Yunnan 650224, PR China.
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Ji T, Li S, Huang M, Di Q, Wang X, Wei M, Shi Q, Li Y, Gong B, Yang F. Overexpression of Cucumber Phospholipase D alpha Gene ( CsPLDα) in Tobacco Enhanced Salinity Stress Tolerance by Regulating Na +-K + Balance and Lipid Peroxidation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:499. [PMID: 28439282 PMCID: PMC5383712 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Plant phospholipase D (PLD), which can hydrolyze membrane phospholipids to produce phosphatidic acid (PA), a secondary signaling molecule, has been proposed to function in diverse plant stress responses. In this research, we characterized the roles of the cucumber phospholipase D alpha gene (PLDα, GenBank accession number EF363796) in growth and tolerance to short- and long-term salt stress in transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). Fresh and dry weights of roots, PLD activity and content, mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) gene expression, Na+-K+ homeostasis, expression of genes encoding ion exchange, reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism and osmotic adjustment substances were investigated in wild type (WT) and CsPLDα-overexpression tobacco lines grown under short- and long-term high salt (250 mM) stress. Under short-term stress (5 h), in both overexpression lines, the PA content, and the expression levels of MAPK and several genes related to ion exchange (NtNHX1, NtNKT1, NtHAK1, NtNHA1, NtVAG1), were promoted by high PLD activity. Meanwhile, the Na+/K+ ratio decreased. Under long-term stress (16 days), ROS scavenging systems (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase activities) in leaves of transgenic lines were more active than those in WT plants. Meanwhile, the contents of proline, soluble sugar, and soluble protein significantly increased. In contrast, the contents of O2•- and H2O2, the electrolytic leakage and the accumulation of malondialdehyde in leaves significantly decreased. The root fresh and dry weights of the overexpression lines increased significantly. Na+-K+ homeostasis had the same trend as under the short-term treatment. These findings suggested that CsPLDα-produced PA can activate the downstream signals' adaptive response to alleviate the damage of salt stress, and the main strategies for adaptation to salt stress are the accumulation of osmoprotective compounds, maintaining Na+-K+ homeostasis and the scavenging of ROS, which function in the osmotic balancing and structural stabilization of membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an, China
| | - Shuzhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an, China
| | - Meili Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an, China
| | - Qinghua Di
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an, China
| | - Xiufeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Huanghuai Region), Ministry of AgricultureTai’an, China
| | - Min Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an, China
| | - Qinghua Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Huanghuai Region), Ministry of AgricultureTai’an, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an, China
| | - Biao Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an, China
| | - Fengjuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Huanghuai Region), Ministry of AgricultureTai’an, China
- *Correspondence: Fengjuan Yang,
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