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Fatnani D, Parida AK. Unravelling the halophyte Suaeda maritima as an efficient candidate for phytostabilization of cadmium and lead: Implications from physiological, ionomic, and metabolomic responses. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 212:108770. [PMID: 38823092 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) are among the most toxic heavy metals affecting human health and crop yield. Suaeda maritima (L.) Dumort is an obligate halophyte that is well adapted to saline soil. The inbuilt salinity tolerance mechanisms of halophytes help them to survive in heavy metal-contaminated rhizospheric soil. In the present study, growth and ionomic responses, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, modulations of phytochelatins, antioxidative defense, and metabolomic responses were studied in S. maritima imposed to Cd and Pb stresses with an aim to elucidate Cd and Pb tolerance mechanisms and phytoremediation potential of this halophyte. Our results showed a reduction of biomass in S. maritima, which may serve as an energy conservation strategy for survival under heavy metal stress. The increased accumulation of ROS with concomitant higher expression of various antioxidative enzymes suggests the efficient scavenging of ROS. The metabolite profiling revealed significant up-regulation of sugars, sugar alcohols, amino acids, polyphenols, and organic acids under Cd and Pb stresses suggesting their possible role in osmotic balance, ionic homeostasis, ROS scavenging, and signal transduction for stress tolerance. In S. maritima, the translocation factors (Tf) are <1 in both Cd and Pb treatments, which indicates that this halophyte has high phytostabilization potential for Cd and Pb in roots and through restricted translocation of heavy metal ions to the aboveground part. The findings of this study offer comprehensive information on Cd and Pb tolerance mechanisms in S. maritima and suggest that this halophyte can detoxify the HMs through physiological, ionic, antioxidative, and metabolic regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhara Fatnani
- Plant Omics Division, CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Asish Kumar Parida
- Plant Omics Division, CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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2
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Tiepo AN, Coutinho ID, de Oliveira Machado G, Calzavara AK, Hertel MF, Pimenta JA, de Oliveira ALM, Colnago LA, Henning LMM, Oliveira HC, Stolf-Moreira R. Influence of plant growth-promoting bacteria on leaf carbon and nitrogen metabolism of two drought-stressed neotropical tree species: a metabolomic approach. PLANTA 2024; 260:31. [PMID: 38888604 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04460-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Deforestation of Atlantic Forest has caused prolonged drought events in the last decades. The need for reforestation is growing, and the development of native seedlings that are more tolerant to drought stress is necessary. A biotechnological tool that improves plant tolerance is the use of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) as inoculants. Two species of PGPB were inoculated in drought-stressed seedlings of two neotropical tree species that have been used in environmental restoration programs: Cecropia pachystachya and Cariniana estrellensis. Biometrical, physiological, and metabolomic parameters from carbon and nitrogen pathways were evaluated. We found that the PGPB positively influenced photosynthesis and growth parameters in both trees under drought. The enzymes activities, the tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates, the amino acids, and protein contents were also influenced by the PGPB treatments. The results allowed us to find the specific composition of secondary metabolites of each plant species. This study provides evidence that there is not a single mechanism involved in drought tolerance and that the inoculation with PGPB promotes a broad-spectrum tolerance response in Neotropical trees. The inoculation with PGPB appears as an important strategy to improve drought tolerance in Atlantic Forest native trees and enhance environmental restoration programs' success. MAIN CONCLUSION: The association with plant growth-promoting bacteria improved the tolerance to drought in Neotropical trees through biochemical, physiological, and biometrical parameters. This can enhance the success of forest restoration programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Nunes Tiepo
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina-UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid-PR445, Km 380, Campus Universitário, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil.
| | - Isabel Duarte Coutinho
- Embrapa Instrumentação, Rua XV de Novembro, São Carlos, São Paulo, 1452, 13560-970, Brazil
| | | | - Anderson Kikuchi Calzavara
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina-UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid-PR445, Km 380, Campus Universitário, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Mariana Fernandes Hertel
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina-UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid-PR445, Km 380, Campus Universitário, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - José Antonio Pimenta
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina-UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid-PR445, Km 380, Campus Universitário, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Alberto Colnago
- Embrapa Instrumentação, Rua XV de Novembro, São Carlos, São Paulo, 1452, 13560-970, Brazil
| | | | - Halley Caixeta Oliveira
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina-UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid-PR445, Km 380, Campus Universitário, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Renata Stolf-Moreira
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina-UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid-PR445, Km 380, Campus Universitário, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil.
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3
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Wang X, Li X, Dong S. Biochemical characterization and metabolic reprogramming of amino acids in Soybean roots under drought stress. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14319. [PMID: 38693848 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Amino acids play important roles in stress resistance, plant growth, development, and quality, with roots serving as the primary organs for drought response. We conducted biochemical and multi-omics analyses to investigate the metabolic processes of root amino acids in drought-resistant (HN44) and drought-sensitive (HN65) soybean (Glycine max) varieties. Our analysis revealed an increase in total amino acid content in both varieties, with phenylalanine, proline, and methionine accumulating in both. Additionally, several amino acids exhibited significant decreases in HN65 but slight increases in HN44. Multi-omics association analysis identified 13 amino acid-related pathways. We thoroughly examined the changes in genes and metabolites involved in various amino acid metabolism/synthesis and determined core genes and metabolites through correlation networks. The phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan metabolic pathways and proline, glutamic acid and sulfur-containing amino acid pathways were particularly important for drought resistance. Some candidate genes, such as ProDH and P4HA family genes, and metabolites, such as O-acetyl-L-serine, directly affected up- and downstream metabolism to induce drought resistance. This study provided a basis for soybean drought resistance breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyue Wang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaomei Li
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Agricultural Engineering Vocational College, Harbin, China
| | - Shoukun Dong
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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4
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Anbuganesan V, Vishnupradeep R, Bruno LB, Sharmila K, Freitas H, Rajkumar M. Combined Application of Biochar and Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Improves Heavy Metal and Drought Stress Tolerance in Zea mays. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1143. [PMID: 38674552 PMCID: PMC11053748 DOI: 10.3390/plants13081143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Plants are often exposed to multiple stresses, including heavy metals (HM) and drought, which limit the plant growth and productivity. Though biochar or plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have been widely used for alleviating HM or drought stress in plants, the study of the effects of combined treatment with biochar and PGPR under simultaneous HM and drought stress is limited. This study investigated individual and combined effects of groundnut shell biochar (GS-BC) and PGPR Bacillus pseudomycoides strain ARN7 on Zea mays growth, physiology, and HM accumulation, along with their impact on soil enzymes under HM (Ni and Zn), drought, or HM+drought stress. It was observed that even under HM+drought stress, Z. mays growth, total chlorophyll, proteins, phenolics, and relative water contents were increased in response to combined GS-BC and ARN7 treatment. Furthermore, the combined treatment positively influenced plant superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and catalase activities, while reducing electrolyte leakage and phenolics, malondialdehyde, and proline under HM, drought, or HM+drought stress. Interestingly, the combined GS-BC and ARN7 treatment decreased HM accumulation and the bioaccumulation factor in Z. mays, highlighting that the combined treatment is suitable for improving HM phytostabilization. Additionally, GS-BC increased soil enzymatic activities and ARN7 colonization irrespective of HM and drought stress. As far as we know, this study is the first to illustrate that combined biochar and PGPR treatment could lessen the adverse effects of both HM and drought, suggesting that such treatment can be used in water-deficient HM-contaminated areas to improve plant growth and reduce HM accumulation in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadivel Anbuganesan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India; (V.A.); (R.V.); (L.B.B.); (K.S.)
| | - Ramasamy Vishnupradeep
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India; (V.A.); (R.V.); (L.B.B.); (K.S.)
| | - L. Benedict Bruno
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India; (V.A.); (R.V.); (L.B.B.); (K.S.)
| | - Krishnan Sharmila
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India; (V.A.); (R.V.); (L.B.B.); (K.S.)
| | - Helena Freitas
- Centre for Functional Ecology—Science for People & the Planet, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Mani Rajkumar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India; (V.A.); (R.V.); (L.B.B.); (K.S.)
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Qiao M, Lv S, Qiao Y, Lin W, Gao Z, Tang X, Yang Z, Chen J. Exogenous Streptomyces spp. enhance the drought resistance of naked oat ( Avena nuda) seedlings by augmenting both the osmoregulation mechanisms and antioxidant capacities. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2024; 51:FP23312. [PMID: 38588711 DOI: 10.1071/fp23312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Drought is a major obstacle to the development of naked oat industry. This work investigated mechanisms by which exogenous Streptomyces albidoflavus T4 and Streptomyces rochei D74 improved drought tolerance in naked oat (Avena nuda ) seedlings. Results showed that in the seed germination experiment, germination rate, radicle and hypocotyl length of naked oat seeds treated with the fermentation filtrate of T4 or D74 under PEG induced drought stress increased significantly. In the hydroponic experiment, the shoot and root dry weights of oat seedlings increased significantly when treated with the T4 or D74 fermentation filtrate under the 15% PEG induced drought stress (S15). Simultaneously, the T4 treatment also significantly increased the surface area, volume, the number of tips and the root activity of oat seedlings. Both T4 and D74 treatments elicited significant increases in proline and soluble sugar contents, as well as the catalase and peroxidase activities in oat seedlings. The results of comprehensive drought resistance capacity (CDRC) calculation of oat plants showed that the drought resistance of oat seedlings under the T4 treatment was better than that under the D74 treatment, and the effect was better under higher drought stress (S15). Findings of this study may provide a novel and effective approach for enhancing plant defenses against drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meixia Qiao
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Siyuan Lv
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Yuejing Qiao
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China; and Ministerial and Provincial Co-Innovation Centre for Endemic Crops Production with High-quality and Efficiency in Loess Plateau, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Wen Lin
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China; and Ministerial and Provincial Co-Innovation Centre for Endemic Crops Production with High-quality and Efficiency in Loess Plateau, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Zhiqiang Gao
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China; and Ministerial and Provincial Co-Innovation Centre for Endemic Crops Production with High-quality and Efficiency in Loess Plateau, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Xiwang Tang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Agroecological Safety, Hebei University of Environmental Engineering, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066102, China
| | - Zhenping Yang
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China; and Ministerial and Provincial Co-Innovation Centre for Endemic Crops Production with High-quality and Efficiency in Loess Plateau, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Jie Chen
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China; and Ministerial and Provincial Co-Innovation Centre for Endemic Crops Production with High-quality and Efficiency in Loess Plateau, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
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Fiaz K, Maqsood MF, Shahbaz M, Zulfiqar U, Naz N, Gaafar ARZ, Tariq A, Farhat F, Haider FU, Shahzad B. Application of thiourea ameliorates drought induced oxidative injury in Linum usitatissimum L. by regulating antioxidant defense machinery and nutrients absorption. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25510. [PMID: 38390139 PMCID: PMC10881316 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Thiourea (TU) is considered an essential and emerging biostimulant against the negative impacts of severe environmental stresses, including drought stress in plants. However, the knowledge about the foliar application of TU to mitigate drought stress in Linum usitatissimum L., has yet to be discovered. The present study was designed to assess the impact of foliar application of TU for its effects against drought stress in two flax cultivars. The study comprised two irrigation regimes [60% field capacity (FC) and the control (100% FC)], along with TU (0, 500, 1000 mg L-1) application at the vegetative stage. The findings indicated that drought stress reduced the shoot fresh weight (44.2%), shoot dry weight (67.5%), shoot length (41.5%), total chlorophyll (51.6%), and carotenoids (58.8%). Drought stress increased both cultivars' hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Foliar application of TU (1000 mg L-1) enhanced the growth and chlorophyll contents with or without drought stress. Under drought stress (60% FC), TU decreased MDA and H2O2 contents up to twofold. Moreover, TU application increased catalase (40%), peroxidase (13%), superoxide dismutase (30%), and total soluble protein contents (32.4%) differentially in both cultivars. Nevertheless, TU increased calcium (Ca2+) (42.8%), potassium (K+) (33.4%), and phosphorus (P) (72%) in shoots and decreased the elevated sodium (Na+) (28.2%) ions under drought stress. It is suggested that TU application (1000 mg L-1) enhances the growth potential of flax by enhancing photosynthetic pigment, nutrient uptake, and antioxidant enzymes under drought stress. Research outcomes, therefore, recommend that TU application can ameliorate drought-induced negative effects in L. usitatissimum L. seedlings, resulting in improved plant growth and mineral composition, as depicted by balanced primary and secondary metabolite accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khazra Fiaz
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Changchun, 130024, China
| | | | - Muhammad Shahbaz
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Usman Zulfiqar
- Department of Agronomy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Nargis Naz
- Department of Botany, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Abdel-Rhman Z Gaafar
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arneeb Tariq
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Fozia Farhat
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Fasih Ullah Haider
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Babar Shahzad
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
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Han M, Yang H, Huang H, Du J, Zhang S, Fu Y. Allelopathy and allelobiosis: efficient and economical alternatives in agroecosystems. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2024; 26:11-27. [PMID: 37751515 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Chemical interactions in plants often involve plant allelopathy and allelobiosis. Allelopathy is an ecological phenomenon leading to interference among organisms, while allelobiosis is the transmission of information among organisms. Crop failures and low yields caused by inappropriate management can be related to both allelopathy and allelobiosis. Therefore, research on these two phenomena and the role of chemical substances in both processes will help us to understand and upgrade agroecosystems. In this review, substances involved in allelopathy and allelobiosis in plants are summarized. The influence of environmental factors on the generation and spread of these substances is discussed, and relationships between allelopathy and allelobiosis in interspecific, intraspecific, plant-micro-organism, plant-insect, and mechanisms, are summarized. Furthermore, recent results on allelopathy and allelobiosis in agroecosystem are summarized and will provide a reference for the future application of allelopathy and allelobiosis in agroecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Han
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - H Yang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - H Huang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - J Du
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - S Zhang
- The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing, China
- Ecological Observation and Research Station of Heilongjiang Sanjiang Plain Wetlands, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shuangyashan, China
| | - Y Fu
- The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing, China
- Ecological Observation and Research Station of Heilongjiang Sanjiang Plain Wetlands, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shuangyashan, China
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Rodrigues GAG, Mauve C, Gakiere B, Bailly C, Steiner N. The metabolic profiles of Eugenia astringens and E. uniflora (Myrtaceae) sensitive seeds affect desiccation. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14220. [PMID: 38356368 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Myrtaceae species are abundant in tropical Atlantic rainforests, but 41% of the 5500 species of this family are of extreme conservation concern. Eugenia astringens and E. uniflora are native Brazilian Myrtaceae species that occur in the same habitats and produce desiccation-sensitive (DS) seeds. We hypothesized that their seed desiccation-sensitivity degree is associated with specific metabolic signatures. To test it, we analyzed the germination and metabolic profiles of fresh and desiccated seeds. The water content (WC) at which at least half of the seeds survived desiccation was lower in E. astringens (0.17 g H2 O g-1 DW) than in E. uniflora (0.41 g H2 O g-1 DW). We identified 103 annotated metabolites from 3261 peaks in both species, which differed in their relative contents between E. astringens and E. uniflora seeds. The main differences in seed metabolic profiles include several protective molecules in the group of carbohydrates and organic acids and amino acid contents. The relative contents of monosaccharides and disaccharides, malic and quinic acids, amino acids and saturated fatty acids may have taken part in the distinct DS behaviour of E. astringens and E. uniflora seeds. Our study provides evidence of the relationship between desiccation sensitivity, seed viability and metabolic profile of tropical seeds by comparing two closely related Eugenia species with different DS degrees.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Caroline Mauve
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213/UMR1403, CNRS, INRA, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Université Paris-Sud, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Saclay Plant Sciences, Orsay, France
| | - Bertrand Gakiere
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213/UMR1403, CNRS, INRA, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Université Paris-Sud, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Saclay Plant Sciences, Orsay, France
| | - Christophe Bailly
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Neusa Steiner
- Plant Physiology Lab, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil
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9
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Hildebrand GA, Honeker LK, Freire-Zapata V, Ayala-Ortiz C, Rajakaruna S, Fudyma J, Daber LE, AminiTabrizi R, Chu RL, Toyoda J, Flowers SE, Hoyt DW, Hamdan R, Gil-Loaiza J, Shi L, Dippold MA, Ladd SN, Werner C, Meredith LK, Tfaily MM. Uncovering the dominant role of root metabolism in shaping rhizosphere metabolome under drought in tropical rainforest plants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 899:165689. [PMID: 37481084 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Plant-soil-microbe interactions are crucial for driving rhizosphere processes that contribute to metabolite turnover and nutrient cycling. With the increasing frequency and severity of water scarcity due to climate warming, understanding how plant-mediated processes, such as root exudation, influence soil organic matter turnover in the rhizosphere is essential. In this study, we used 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, rhizosphere metabolomics, and position-specific 13C-pyruvate labeling to examine the effects of three different plant species (Piper auritum, Hibiscus rosa sinensis, and Clitoria fairchildiana) and their associated microbial communities on soil organic carbon turnover in the rhizosphere. Our findings indicate that in these tropical plants, the rhizosphere metabolome is primarily shaped by the response of roots to drought rather than direct shifts in the rhizosphere bacterial community composition. Specifically, the reduced exudation of plant roots had a notable effect on the metabolome of the rhizosphere of P. auritum, with less reliance on neighboring microbes. Contrary to P. auritum, H. rosa sinensis and C. fairchildiana experienced changes in their exudate composition during drought, causing alterations to the bacterial communities in the rhizosphere. This, in turn, had a collective impact on the rhizosphere's metabolome. Furthermore, the exclusion of phylogenetically distant microbes from the rhizosphere led to shifts in its metabolome. Additionally, C. fairchildiana appeared to be associated with only a subset of symbiotic bacteria under drought conditions. These results indicate that plant species-specific microbial interactions systematically change with the root metabolome. As roots respond to drought, their associated microbial communities adapt, potentially reinforcing the drought tolerance strategies of plant roots. These findings have significant implications for maintaining plant health and preference during drought stress and improving plant performance under climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina A Hildebrand
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Arizona, 1177 E 4th St., AZ 85721, USA
| | - Linnea K Honeker
- BIO5 Institute, The University of Arizona, 1657 E Helen St., Tucson, AZ 85719, USA; School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, 1064 E Lowell St., Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Viviana Freire-Zapata
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Arizona, 1177 E 4th St., AZ 85721, USA
| | - Christian Ayala-Ortiz
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Arizona, 1177 E 4th St., AZ 85721, USA
| | - Sumudu Rajakaruna
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Arizona, 1177 E 4th St., AZ 85721, USA
| | - Jane Fudyma
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Arizona, 1177 E 4th St., AZ 85721, USA; Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95816, USA
| | - L Erik Daber
- Georges-Köhler-Allee 53/54, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Roya AminiTabrizi
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Arizona, 1177 E 4th St., AZ 85721, USA
| | - Rosalie L Chu
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Jason Toyoda
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Sarah E Flowers
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - David W Hoyt
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Rasha Hamdan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Juliana Gil-Loaiza
- School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, 1064 E Lowell St., Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Lingling Shi
- Geo-Biosphere Interactions, Department of Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstrasse 94-96, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Michaela A Dippold
- Geo-Biosphere Interactions, Department of Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstrasse 94-96, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - S Nemiah Ladd
- Georges-Köhler-Allee 53/54, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; Department of Environmental Science, University of Basel, Bernoullistrasse 30/32, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christiane Werner
- Georges-Köhler-Allee 53/54, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Laura K Meredith
- BIO5 Institute, The University of Arizona, 1657 E Helen St., Tucson, AZ 85719, USA; School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, 1064 E Lowell St., Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Biosphere 2, University of Arizona, 32540 S Biosphere Rd, Oracle, AZ 85739, USA
| | - Malak M Tfaily
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Arizona, 1177 E 4th St., AZ 85721, USA; BIO5 Institute, The University of Arizona, 1657 E Helen St., Tucson, AZ 85719, USA; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99354, USA.
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10
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Brindisi LJ, Simon JE. Preharvest and postharvest techniques that optimize the shelf life of fresh basil ( Ocimum basilicum L.): a review. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1237577. [PMID: 37745993 PMCID: PMC10514919 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1237577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is a popular specialty crop known for its use as a culinary herb and medicinal plant around the world. However, its profitability and availability are limited by a short postharvest shelf life due to poor handling, cold sensitivity and microbial contamination. Here, we comprehensively review the research on pre- and postharvest techniques that extend the shelf life of basil to serve as a practical tool for growers, distributors, retailers and scientists. Modifications to postharvest storage conditions, pre- and postharvest treatments, harvest time and preharvest production methods have been found to directly impact the quality of basil and its shelf life. The most effective strategies for extending the shelf life and improving the quality of basil are discussed and promising strategies that research and industry employ are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James E. Simon
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, Department of Plant Biology and the Center for Agricultural Food Ecosystems (RUCAFE), Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
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11
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Imran M, Mpovo CL, Aaqil Khan M, Shaffique S, Ninson D, Bilal S, Khan M, Kwon EH, Kang SM, Yun BW, Lee IJ. Synergistic Effect of Melatonin and Lysinibacillus fusiformis L. (PLT16) to Mitigate Drought Stress via Regulation of Hormonal, Antioxidants System, and Physio-Molecular Responses in Soybean Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:8489. [PMID: 37239837 PMCID: PMC10218646 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought is one of the most detrimental factors that causes significant effects on crop development and yield. However, the negative effects of drought stress may be alleviated with the aid of exogenous melatonin (MET) and the use of plant-growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). The present investigation aimed to validate the effects of co-inoculation of MET and Lysinibacillus fusiformis on hormonal, antioxidant, and physio-molecular regulation in soybean plants to reduce the effects of drought stress. Therefore, ten randomly selected isolates were subjected to various plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) traits and a polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-resistance test. Among these, PLT16 tested positive for the production of exopolysaccharide (EPS), siderophore, and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), along with higher PEG tolerance, in vitro IAA, and organic-acid production. Therefore, PLT16 was further used in combination with MET to visualize the role in drought-stress mitigation in soybean plant. Furthermore, drought stress significantly damages photosynthesis, enhances ROS production, and reduces water stats, hormonal signaling and antioxidant enzymes, and plant growth and development. However, the co-application of MET and PLT16 enhanced plant growth and development and improved photosynthesis pigments (chlorophyll a and b and carotenoids) under both normal conditions and drought stress. This may be because hydrogen-peroxide (H2O2), superoxide-anion (O2-), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were reduced and antioxidant activities were enhanced to maintain redox homeostasis and reduce the abscisic-acid (ABA) level and its biosynthesis gene NCED3 while improving the synthesis of jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) to mitigate drought stress and balance the stomata activity to maintain the relative water states. This may be possible due to a significant increase in endo-melatonin content, regulation of organic acids, and enhancement of nutrient uptake (calcium, potassium, and magnesium) by co-inoculated PLT16 and MET under normal conditions and drought stress. In addition, co-inoculated PLT16 and MET modulated the relative expression of DREB2 and TFs bZIP while enhancing the expression level of ERD1 under drought stress. In conclusion, the current study found that the combined application of melatonin and Lysinibacillus fusiformis inoculation increased plant growth and could be used to regulate plant function during drought stress as an eco-friendly and low-cost approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran
- Biosafety Division, National Institute of Agriculture Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Clems Luzolo Mpovo
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Aaqil Khan
- Department of Chemical and Life Sciences, Qurtuba University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar 24830, Pakistan
| | - Shifa Shaffique
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Daniel Ninson
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Saqib Bilal
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Murtaza Khan
- Department of Horticulture and Life Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hae Kwon
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Mo Kang
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Wook Yun
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jung Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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12
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Wang M, Zhu Q, Yao N, Liang W, Ma X, Li J, Li X, Wang L, Liang W. The Enzyme Lysine Malonylation of Calvin Cycle and Gluconeogenesis Regulated Glycometabolism in Nostoc flagelliforme to Adapt to Drought Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098446. [PMID: 37176152 PMCID: PMC10179182 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysine malonylation (Kmal) is an evolutionarily conserved post-translational modification (PTM) that has been demonstrated to be involved in cellular and organismal metabolism. However, the role that Kmal plays in response to drought stress of the terrestrial cyanobacteria N. flagelliforme is still unknown. In this study, we performed the first proteomic analysis of Kmal in N. flagelliforme under different drought stresses using LC-MS/MS. In total, 421 malonylated lysine residues were found in 236 different proteins. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that these malonylated proteins were highly enriched in several metabolic pathways, including carbon metabolism and photosynthesis. Decreased malonylation levels were found to hinder the reception and transmission of light energy and CO2 fixation, which led to a decrease in photosynthetic activity. Kmal was also shown to inhibit the flux of the TCA cycle and activate the gluconeogenesis pathway in response to drought stress. Furthermore, malonylated antioxidant enzymes and antioxidants were synergistically involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging. Malonylation was involved in lipid degradation and amino acid biosynthesis as part of drought stress adaptation. This work represents the first comprehensive investigation of the role of malonylation in dehydrated N. flagelliforme, providing an important resource for understanding the drought tolerance mechanism of this organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Qiang Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Ning Yao
- School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Wangli Liang
- School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Xiaoxia Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Xiaoxu Li
- School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Lingxia Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Wenyu Liang
- School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
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13
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Si C, Zeng D, da Silva JAT, Qiu S, Duan J, Bai S, He C. Genome-wide identification of Aux/IAA and ARF gene families reveal their potential roles in flower opening of Dendrobium officinale. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:199. [PMID: 37055721 PMCID: PMC10099678 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09263-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is a vital phytohormone that influences plant growth and development. Our previous work showed that IAA content decreased during flower development in the medicinally important orchid Dendrobium officinale, while Aux/IAA genes were downregulated. However, little information about auxin-responsive genes and their roles in D. officinale flower development exists. RESULTS This study validated 14 DoIAA and 26 DoARF early auxin-responsive genes in the D. officinale genome. A phylogenetic analysis classified the DoIAA genes into two subgroups. An analysis of cis-regulatory elements indicated that they were related by phytohormones and abiotic stresses. Gene expression profiles were tissue-specific. Most DoIAA genes (except for DoIAA7) were sensitive to IAA (10 μmol/L) and were downregulated during flower development. Four DoIAA proteins (DoIAA1, DoIAA6, DoIAA10 and DoIAA13) were mainly localized in the nucleus. A yeast two-hybrid assay showed that these four DoIAA proteins interacted with three DoARF proteins (DoARF2, DoARF17, DoARF23). CONCLUSIONS The structure and molecular functions of early auxin-responsive genes in D. officinale were investigated. The DoIAA-DoARF interaction may play an important role in flower development via the auxin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Si
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Danqi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | | | - Shengxiang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Jun Duan
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Song Bai
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences & Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding & Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Chunmei He
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
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14
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Abbey L, Ofoe R, Wang Z, Chada S. How Central Carbon Metabolites of Mexican Mint ( Plectranthus amboinicus) Plants Are Impacted under Different Watering Regimes. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040539. [PMID: 37110197 PMCID: PMC10141017 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants are sessile, and their ability to reprogram their metabolism to adapt to fluctuations in soil water level is crucial but not clearly understood. A study was performed to determine alterations in intermediate metabolites involved in central carbon metabolism (CCM) following exposure of Mexican mint (Plectranthus amboinicus) to varying watering regimes. The water treatments were regular watering (RW), drought (DR), flooding (FL), and resumption of regular watering after flooding (DHFL) or after drought (RH). Leaf cluster formation and leaf greening were swift following the resumption of regular watering. A total of 68 key metabolites from the CCM routes were found to be significantly (p < 0.01) impacted by water stress. Calvin cycle metabolites in FL plants, glycolytic metabolites in DR plants, total tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle metabolites in DR and DHFL plants, and nucleotide biosynthetic molecules in FL and RH plants were significantly (p < 0.05) increased. Pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) metabolites were equally high in all the plants except DR plants. Total Calvin cycle metabolites had a significantly (p < 0.001) strong positive association with TCA cycle (r = 0.81) and PPP (r = 0.75) metabolites. Total PPP metabolites had a moderately positive association with total TCA cycle metabolites (r = 0.68; p < 0.01) and a negative correlation with total glycolytic metabolites (r = -0.70; p < 0.005). In conclusion, the metabolic alterations of Mexican mint plants under different watering regimes were revealed. Future studies will use transcriptomic and proteomic approaches to identify genes and proteins that regulate the CCM route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lord Abbey
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada
| | - Raphael Ofoe
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada
| | - Zijing Wang
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada
| | - Sparsha Chada
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada
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15
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Jiang X, Yu A, Zhang F, Yang T, Wang C, Gao T, Yang Q, Yu LX, Wang Z, Kang J. Identification of QTL and candidate genes associated with biomass yield and Feed Quality in response to water deficit in alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) using linkage mapping and RNA-Seq. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:996672. [PMID: 36325545 PMCID: PMC9619099 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.996672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biomass yield and Feed Quality are the most important traits in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), which directly affect its economic value. Drought stress is one of the main limiting factors affecting alfalfa production worldwide. However, the genetic and especially the molecular mechanisms for drought tolerance in alfalfa are poorly understood. In this study, linkage mapping was performed in an F1 population by combining 12 phenotypic data (biomass yield, plant height, and 10 Feed Quality-related traits). A total of 48 significant QTLs were identified on the high-density genetic linkage maps that were constructed in our previous study. Among them, nine main QTLs, which explained more than 10% phenotypic variance, were detected for biomass yield (one), plant height (one), CP (two), ASH (one), P (two), K(one), and Mg (one). A total of 31 candidate genes were identified in the nine main QTL intervals based on the RNA-seq analysis under the drought condition. Blast-P was further performed to screen candidate genes controlling drought tolerance, and 22 functional protein candidates were finally identified. The results of the present study will be useful for improving drought tolerance of alfalfa varieties by marker-assisted selection (MAS), and provide promising candidates for further gene cloning and mechanism study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqian Jiang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Andong Yu
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tianhui Yang
- Institute of Animal Science, Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Ningxia, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Ningxia, China
| | - Ting Gao
- Institute of Animal Science, Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Ningxia, China
| | - Qingchuan Yang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Long-Xi Yu
- Plant Germplasm Introduction and Testing Research, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Prosser, WA, United States
| | - Zhen Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junmei Kang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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16
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Li Z, Cheng B, Wu X, Zhang Y, Feng G, Peng Y. Spermine-mediated metabolic homeostasis improves growth and stress tolerance in creeping bentgrass ( Agrostis stolonifera) under water or high-temperature stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:944358. [PMID: 36035666 PMCID: PMC9404338 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.944358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plants have developed diverse defense strategies to reduce the detrimental effects of a wide range of environmental stresses. The objectives of this study were to explore the function of spermine (Spm) on mediating growth and physiological changes in water homeostasis, photosynthetic performance, and oxidative damage and to further examine the regulatory mechanism of Spm on global metabolites reprogramming and associated metabolic pathways in horticultural creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) under water and heat stresses. The 21-days-old plants were pretreated with or without 100 μM Spm for 3 days and then subjected to water stress (17% polyethylene glycol 6000), high-temperature stress (40/35°C, day/night), or normal condition (control without water stress and heat stress) for 18 days. Results demonstrated that exogenous application of Spm could significantly increase endogenous polyamine (PAs), putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd), and Spm contents, followed by effective alleviation of growth retardant, water imbalance, photoinhibition, and oxidative damage induced by water and heat stress. Metabolites' profiling showed that a total of 61 metabolites were differentially or commonly regulated by Spm in leaves. Spm upregulated the accumulation of mannose, maltose, galactose, and urea in relation to enhanced osmotic adjustment (OA), antioxidant capacity, and nitrogen metabolism for growth maintenance under water and heat stress. Under water stress, Spm mainly induced the accumulation of sugars (glucose-1-phosphate, sucrose-6-phosphate, fructose, kestose, maltotriose, and xylose), amino acids (glutamic acid, methionine, serine, and threonine), and organic acids (pyruvic acid, aconitic acid, and ketoglutaric acid) involved in the respiratory pathway and myo-inositol associated with energy production, the ROS-scavenging system, and signal transduction. In response to heat stress, the accumulation of alanine, glycine, gallic acid, malic acid, or nicotinic acid was specifically enhanced by Spm contributing to improvements in antioxidant potency and metabolic homeostasis. This study provides novel evidence of Spm-induced,tolerance to water and heat stresses associated with global metabolites reprogramming in favor of growth maintenance and physiological responses in horticultural plants.
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17
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Mansinhos I, Gonçalves S, Rodríguez-Solana R, Duarte H, Ordóñez-Díaz JL, Moreno-Rojas JM, Romano A. Response of Thymus lotocephalus In Vitro Cultures to Drought Stress and Role of Green Extracts in Cosmetics. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081475. [PMID: 36009194 PMCID: PMC9404771 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of drought stress induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG) on morphological, physiological, (bio)chemical, and biological characteristics of Thymus lotocephalus López and Morales shoot cultures have been investigated, as well as the potential of iron oxide nanoparticles, salicylic acid, and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) as alleviating drought stress agents. Results showed that PEG caused oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner, raising H2O2 levels and reducing shoots’ growth, photosynthetic pigment contents, and phenolic compounds production, especially phenolic acids, including the major compound rosmarinic acid. Moreover, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra analysis revealed that PEG treatment caused changes in shoots’ composition, enhancing terpenoids biosynthesis. PEG also decreased the biological activities (antioxidant, anti-tyrosinase, and photoprotective) of the eco-friendly extracts obtained with a Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent. MeJA was the most efficient agent in protecting cells from oxidative damage caused by drought, by improving the biosynthesis of phenolics, like methyl 6-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranoside and salvianolic acids, as well as improving the extracts’ antioxidant activity. Altogether, the obtained results demonstrated a negative impact of PEG on T. lotocephalus shoots and an effective role of MeJA as a mitigating agent of drought stress. Additionally, extracts showed a good potential to be used in the cosmetics industry as skincare products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Mansinhos
- MED–Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE–Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (I.M.); (R.R.-S.); (H.D.)
| | - Sandra Gonçalves
- MED–Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE–Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (I.M.); (R.R.-S.); (H.D.)
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (A.R.); Tel.: +351-289800900 (S.G.); +351-289800910 (A.R.)
| | - Raquel Rodríguez-Solana
- MED–Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE–Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (I.M.); (R.R.-S.); (H.D.)
- Department of Agroindustry and Food Quality, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA), Avenida Menendez-Pidal, SN, 14004 Córdoba, Spain; (J.L.O.-D.); (J.M.M.-R.)
| | - Hugo Duarte
- MED–Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE–Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (I.M.); (R.R.-S.); (H.D.)
| | - José Luis Ordóñez-Díaz
- Department of Agroindustry and Food Quality, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA), Avenida Menendez-Pidal, SN, 14004 Córdoba, Spain; (J.L.O.-D.); (J.M.M.-R.)
| | - José Manuel Moreno-Rojas
- Department of Agroindustry and Food Quality, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA), Avenida Menendez-Pidal, SN, 14004 Córdoba, Spain; (J.L.O.-D.); (J.M.M.-R.)
| | - Anabela Romano
- MED–Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE–Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (I.M.); (R.R.-S.); (H.D.)
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (A.R.); Tel.: +351-289800900 (S.G.); +351-289800910 (A.R.)
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18
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Mi Z, Ma Y, Liu P, Zhang H, Zhang L, Jia W, Zhu X, Wang Y, Zhang C, Du L, Li X, Chen H, Han T, Liu H. Combining Metabolic Analysis With Biological Endpoints Provides a View Into the Drought Resistance Mechanism of Carex breviculmis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:945441. [PMID: 35982691 PMCID: PMC9380063 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.945441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics is an effective tool to test the response of plants to environmental stress; however, the relationships between metabolites and biological endpoints remained obscure in response to drought stress. Carex breviculmis is widely used in forage production, turf management, and landscape application and it is particularly resistant to drought stress. We investigated the metabolomic responses of C. breviculmis to drought stress by imposing a 22-day natural soil water loss. The results showed that water-deficit restrained plant growth, reducing plant height, leaf fresh weight, and total weight, however, increasing soluble protein content and malondialdehyde content. In total, 129 differential metabolites in the leaves were detected between drought and control using the Ultrahigh Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (UPLC-MS) method. Drought enhanced most of the primary and secondary metabolites in the differential metabolites. Almost all the sugars, amino acids, organic acids, phytohormones, nucleotides, phenylpropanoids and polyketides in the differential metabolites were negatively correlated with plant height and leaf fresh weight, while they were positively correlated with soluble protein content and malondialdehyde content. Metabolic pathway analysis showed that drought stress significantly affected aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, TCA cycling, starch and sucrose metabolism. Our study is the first statement on metabolomic responses to drought stress in the drought-enduring plant C. breviculmis. According to the result, the coordination between diverse metabolic pathways in C. breviculmis enables the plant to adapt to a drought environment. This study will provide a systematic framework for explaining the metabolic plasticity and drought tolerance mechanisms of C. breviculmis under drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaorong Mi
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Horticultural Plant Resource Utilization and Germplasm Enhancement, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yingying Ma
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Horticultural Plant Resource Utilization and Germplasm Enhancement, Xinxiang, China
| | - Pinlin Liu
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Horticultural Plant Resource Utilization and Germplasm Enhancement, Xinxiang, China
| | - Haoyi Zhang
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Horticultural Plant Resource Utilization and Germplasm Enhancement, Xinxiang, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Horticultural Plant Resource Utilization and Germplasm Enhancement, Xinxiang, China
| | - Wenqing Jia
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Horticultural Plant Resource Utilization and Germplasm Enhancement, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiaopei Zhu
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Horticultural Plant Resource Utilization and Germplasm Enhancement, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Horticultural Plant Resource Utilization and Germplasm Enhancement, Xinxiang, China
| | - Chan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Lin Du
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Horticultural Plant Resource Utilization and Germplasm Enhancement, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xilin Li
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Horticultural Plant Resource Utilization and Germplasm Enhancement, Xinxiang, China
| | - Haitao Chen
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Horticultural Plant Resource Utilization and Germplasm Enhancement, Xinxiang, China
| | - Tao Han
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Horticultural Plant Resource Utilization and Germplasm Enhancement, Xinxiang, China
| | - Huichao Liu
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Horticultural Plant Resource Utilization and Germplasm Enhancement, Xinxiang, China
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Khosravi-nejad F, Khavari-nejad RA, Moradi F, Najafi F. Cytokinin and abscisic acid alleviate drought stress through changing organic acids profile, ion immolation, and fatty acid profile to improve yield of wheat ( Triticum aestivum L .) cultivars. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 28:1119-1129. [PMID: 35722511 PMCID: PMC9203616 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-022-01173-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
There is an increasing interest for plant hormones to modulate the harmful effects of drought on crops. The present study was conducted to assess the effect of foliar-applied cytokin (CK) and abscisic acid (ABA) on yield, organic acids, minerals, and fatty acid profile of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars (MV17 and Pishgam) in response to drought stress. The results showed drought significantly decreased grain yield and biomass, but they were enhanced by CK and ABA application. Acetic acid increased under drought stress conditions, and the remarkable increase (~ twofold) in succinic acid content was observed with ABA application under drought stress in MV17 cultivar. In general, drought stress decreased malic acid, pyruvic acid, and citric acid, but CK enhanced them. The leaf accumulations of potassium (K+), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), iron (Fe2+), and zinc (Zn2+) decreased by drought, where its reduction in MV17 was greater than Pishgam. However, an increased sodium (Na+) content was observed in plants experiencing drought with non-foliar application of ABA and CK. The plant growth hormones especially CK increased K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, and Zn2+, but decreased Na+. Fatty acid profile showed increased polyunsaturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids upon the drought stress. According to heat map, organic acids represented the maximum variations but fatty acids showed the minimum change during the treatments. The present study recommended foliar-applied CK to alleviate drought stress on wheat yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Khosravi-nejad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Bioscience, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, P. O. Box 14515-775, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Foad Moradi
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, AREEO, Karaj, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Najafi
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
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20
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Ashrafi M, Azimi-Moqadam MR, MohseniFard E, Shekari F, Jafary H, Moradi P, Pucci M, Abate G, Mastinu A. Physiological and Molecular Aspects of Two Thymus Species Differently Sensitive to Drought Stress. BIOTECH 2022; 11:8. [PMID: 35822781 PMCID: PMC9264393 DOI: 10.3390/biotech11020008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought is one of the most important threats to plants and agriculture. Here, the effects of four drought levels (90%, 55%, 40%, and 25% field capacity) on the relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll and carotenoids levels, and mRNA gene expression of metabolic enzymes in Thymus vulgaris (as sensitive to drought) and Thymus kotschyanus (as a drought-tolerant species) were evaluated. The physiological results showed that the treatment predominantly affected the RWC, chlorophyll, and carotenoids content. The gene expression analysis demonstrated that moderate and severe drought stress had greater effects on the expression of histone deacetylase-6 (HDA-6) and acetyl-CoA synthetase in both Thymus species. Pyruvate decarboxylase-1 (PDC-1) was upregulated in Thymus vulgaris at high drought levels. Finally, succinyl CoA ligase was not affected by drought stress in either species. Data confirmed water stress is able to alter the gene expression of specific enzymes. Furthermore, our results suggest that PDC-1 expression is independent from HDA-6 and the increased expression of ACS can be due to the activation of new pathways involved in carbohydrate production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Ashrafi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45195-313, Iran; (M.A.); (E.M.); (F.S.)
| | - Mohammad-Reza Azimi-Moqadam
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45195-313, Iran; (M.A.); (E.M.); (F.S.)
| | - Ehsan MohseniFard
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45195-313, Iran; (M.A.); (E.M.); (F.S.)
| | - Farid Shekari
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45195-313, Iran; (M.A.); (E.M.); (F.S.)
| | - Hossein Jafary
- Research Division of Plant Protection, Zanjan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Centre, AREEO, Zanjan 45195-313, Iran;
| | - Parviz Moradi
- Research Division of Natural Resources, Zanjan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Centre, AREEO, Zanjan 45195-313, Iran
| | - Mariachiara Pucci
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (M.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Giulia Abate
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (M.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Andrea Mastinu
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (M.P.); (A.M.)
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21
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Xie H, Bai G, Lu P, Li H, Fei M, Xiao BG, Chen XJ, Tong ZJ, Wang ZY, Yang DH. Exogenous citric acid enhances drought tolerance in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2022; 24:333-343. [PMID: 34879179 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Organic acids play a pivotal role in improving plant response to long-term drought stress. External application of organic acids has been reported to improve drought resistance in several species. However, whether organic acids have similar effects in tobacco remains unknown. A screening study of the protective function of organic acids in tobacco and understanding the underlying molecular mechanism would be useful in developing a strategy for drought tolerance. Several physiological and molecular adaptations to drought including abscisic acid, stomatal closure, reactive oxygen species homeostasis, amino acid accumulation, and drought-responsive gene expression were observed by exogenous citric acid in tobacco plants. Exogenous application of 50 mm citric acid to tobacco plants resulted in higher chlorophyll content, net photosynthesis, relative water content, abscisic acid content and lower stomatal conductance, transpiration and water loss under drought conditions. Moreover, reactive oxygen species homeostasis was better maintained through increasing activity of antioxidant enzymes and decreasing hydrogen peroxide content after citric acid pretreatment under drought. Amino acids involved in the TCA cycle accumulated after external application of citric acid under drought stress. Furthermore, several drought stress-responsive genes also dramatically changed after application of citric acid. These data support the idea that external application of citric acid enhances drought resistance by affecting physiological and molecular regulation in tobacco. This study provides clear insights into mechanistic details of regulation of amino acid and stress-responsive gene expression by citric acid in tobacco in response to drought, which is promising for minimizing growth inhibition in agricultural fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnological Breeding, National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Tobacco Breeding and Biotechnology Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - G Bai
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnological Breeding, National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Tobacco Breeding and Biotechnology Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - P Lu
- Institute of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Zhanjiang, China
| | - H Li
- Institute of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Zhanjiang, China
| | - M Fei
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnological Breeding, National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Tobacco Breeding and Biotechnology Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - B-G Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnological Breeding, National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Tobacco Breeding and Biotechnology Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - X-J Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnological Breeding, National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Tobacco Breeding and Biotechnology Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Z-J Tong
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnological Breeding, National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Tobacco Breeding and Biotechnology Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Z-Y Wang
- Institute of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Zhanjiang, China
- Zhanjiang Sugarcane Research Center, Guangzhou Sugarcane Industry Research Institute, Zhanjiang, China
| | - D-H Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnological Breeding, National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Tobacco Breeding and Biotechnology Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
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Pant P, Pandey S, Dall'Acqua S. The Influence of Environmental Conditions on Secondary Metabolites in Medicinal Plants: A Literature Review. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100345. [PMID: 34533273 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal plants, a source of different phytochemical compounds, are now subjected to a variety of environmental stresses during their growth and development. Different ecologically limiting factors including temperature, carbon dioxide, lighting, ozone, soil water, soil salinity and soil fertility has significant impact on medicinal plants' physiological and biochemical responses, as well as the secondary metabolic process. Secondary metabolites (SMs) are useful for assessing the quality of therapeutic ingredients and nowadays, these are used as important natural derived drugs such as immune suppressant, antibiotics, anti-diabetic, and anti-cancer. Plants have the ability to synthesize a variety of secondary metabolites to cope with the negative effects of stress. Here, we focus on how individual environmental variables influence the accumulation of plant secondary metabolites. A total of 48 articles were found to be relevant to the review topic during our systematic review. The review showed the influence of different environmental variables on SMs production and accumulation is complex suggesting the relationship are not only species-specific but also related to increases and decline in SMs by up to 50 %. Therefore, this review improves our understanding of plant SMs ability to adapt to key environmental factors. This can aid in the efficient and long-term optimization of cultivation techniques under ambient environmental conditions in order to maximize the quality and quantity of SMs in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Pant
- Central Institute of Science and Technology, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Sudip Pandey
- Madan Bhandari University of Science and Technology, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - Stefano Dall'Acqua
- DSF Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Science, via Marzolo, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy
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Jafari M, Shahsavar A. The Effect of Foliar Application of Melatonin on Changes in Secondary Metabolite Contents in Two Citrus Species Under Drought Stress Conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:692735. [PMID: 34567024 PMCID: PMC8455919 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.692735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Plant secondary metabolites are compounds that play an important role in plant interactions and defense. Persian lime and Mexican lime as the two most important sour lime varieties with high levels of secondary metabolites, are widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical areas. Melatonin is a pleiotropic molecule that plays a key role in protecting plants against drought stress through regulating the secondary metabolite biosynthesis pathway. This study was performed as a factorial experiment consisting of three factors in a completely randomized design (CRD), including four concentrations of melatonin (0, 50, 100, and 150 μM), three levels of drought stress [100% (control), 75% (moderate stress), and 40% (severe stress) field capacity (FC)], and two Citrus cultivars. The experiment was conducted for 60 days in a greenhouse condition. Based on the results of this study under severe drought stress, melatonin-treated crops had higher total flavonoid and total phenolic contents than the untreated crops. The highest level of essential oils components was observed on 100 μM foliar application of melatonin under severe drought stress in both varieties. The main component of the essential oil was limonene in both Citrus species. Moreover, based on the analysis of the results, hesperidin was the main polyphenol in both varieties. Since the use of melatonin often increases the production of secondary metabolites, this study can be considered as a very effective method for controlling the adverse effects of drought stress in citrus for both industrial and horticultural aims.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alireza Shahsavar
- Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
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24
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Wang Y, Du F, Wang J, Li Y, Zhang Y, Zhao X, Zheng T, Li Z, Xu J, Wang W, Fu B. Molecular Dissection of the Gene OsGA2ox8 Conferring Osmotic Stress Tolerance in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179107. [PMID: 34502018 PMCID: PMC8430958 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gibberellin 2-oxidase (GA2ox) plays an important role in the GA catabolic pathway and the molecular function of the OsGA2ox genes in plant abiotic stress tolerance remains largely unknown. In this study, we functionally characterized the rice gibberellin 2-oxidase 8 (OsGA2ox8) gene. The OsGA2ox8 protein was localized in the nucleus, cell membrane, and cytoplasm, and was induced in response to various abiotic stresses and phytohormones. The overexpression of OsGA2ox8 significantly enhanced the osmotic stress tolerance of transgenic rice plants by increasing the number of osmotic regulators and antioxidants. OsGA2ox8 was differentially expressed in the shoots and roots to cope with osmotic stress. The plants overexpressing OsGA2ox8 showed reduced lengths of shoots and roots at the seedling stage, but no difference in plant height at the heading stage was observed, which may be due to the interaction of OsGA2ox8 and OsGA20ox1, implying a complex feedback regulation between GA biosynthesis and metabolism in rice. Importantly, OsGA2ox8 was able to indirectly regulate several genes associated with the anthocyanin and flavonoid biosynthetic pathway and the jasmonic acid (JA) and abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthetic pathway, and overexpression of OsGA2ox8 activated JA signal transduction by inhibiting the expression of jasmonate ZIM domain-containing proteins. These results provide a basis for a future understanding of the networks and respective phenotypic effects associated with OsGA2ox8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinxiao Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South Zhong-Guan-Cun Street 12, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.W.); (F.D.); (J.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (T.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.X.)
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South Zhong-Guan-Cun Street 12, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Fengping Du
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South Zhong-Guan-Cun Street 12, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.W.); (F.D.); (J.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (T.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.X.)
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South Zhong-Guan-Cun Street 12, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.W.); (F.D.); (J.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (T.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.X.)
| | - Yingbo Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South Zhong-Guan-Cun Street 12, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.W.); (F.D.); (J.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (T.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.X.)
| | - Yue Zhang
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South Zhong-Guan-Cun Street 12, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.W.); (F.D.); (J.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (T.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.X.)
| | - Xiuqin Zhao
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South Zhong-Guan-Cun Street 12, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.W.); (F.D.); (J.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (T.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.X.)
| | - Tianqing Zheng
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South Zhong-Guan-Cun Street 12, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.W.); (F.D.); (J.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (T.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.X.)
| | - Zhikang Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South Zhong-Guan-Cun Street 12, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.W.); (F.D.); (J.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (T.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.X.)
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Jianlong Xu
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South Zhong-Guan-Cun Street 12, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.W.); (F.D.); (J.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (T.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.X.)
| | - Wensheng Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South Zhong-Guan-Cun Street 12, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.W.); (F.D.); (J.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (T.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.X.)
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Correspondence: (W.W.); (B.F.); Tel.: +86-10-82106698 (W.W. & B.F.); Fax: +86-10-68918559 (W.W. & B.F.)
| | - Binying Fu
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South Zhong-Guan-Cun Street 12, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.W.); (F.D.); (J.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (T.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.X.)
- Correspondence: (W.W.); (B.F.); Tel.: +86-10-82106698 (W.W. & B.F.); Fax: +86-10-68918559 (W.W. & B.F.)
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Zhang A, Liu M, Gu W, Chen Z, Gu Y, Pei L, Tian R. Effect of drought on photosynthesis, total antioxidant capacity, bioactive component accumulation, and the transcriptome of Atractylodes lancea. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:293. [PMID: 34171994 PMCID: PMC8226357 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03048-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC, a medicinal herb belonging to the Asteraceae family, often faces severe drought stress during its growth. Until now, there has been no research on the effect of drought stress on the quality formation of A. lancea. Therefore, the present study aimed to study the effects of drought stress on A. lancea through physical and chemical analysis, and to reveal the related molecular mechanisms via transcriptome analysis. RESULTS The photosynthesis was markedly inhibited under drought stress. There were alterations to photosynthetic parameters (Pn, Gs, Ci) and chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm, NPQ), and the chlorophyll content decreased. Twenty genes encoding important regulatory enzymes in light and dark reactions, including the Rubisco gene of the Calvin cycle, were significantly downregulated. After exposure to drought stress for more than 4 days, the activities of four antioxidative enzymes (SOD, POD CAT and APX) began to decrease and continued to decrease with longer stress exposure. Meanwhile, most of the genes encoding antioxidative enzymes were downregulated significantly. The downregulation of 21 genes related to the respiratory electron transport chain indicated that the blocked electron transfer accelerated excessive ROS. The MDA content was significantly elevated. The above data showed that 15 days of drought stress caused serious oxidative damage to A. lancea. Drought stress not only reduced the size and dry weight of A. lancea, but also lowered the amount of total volatile oil and the content of the main bioactive components. The total volatile oil and atractylodin content decreased slightly, whereas the content of atractylon and β-eudesmol decreased significantly. Moreover, ten significantly downregulated genes encoding sesquiterpene synthase were mainly expressed in rhizomes. CONCLUSIONS After exposed to drought stress, the process of assimilation was affected by the destruction of photosynthesis; stress tolerance was impaired because of the inhibition of the antioxidative enzyme system; and bioactive component biosynthesis was hindered by the downregulation of sesquiterpene synthase-related gene expression. All these had negative impacts on the quality formation of A. lancea under drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China
- College of Hanlin, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Mengxue Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Wei Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China.
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China.
| | - Ziyun Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Yuchen Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Lingfeng Pei
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Rong Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China
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Panda A, Rangani J, Parida AK. Physiological and metabolic adjustments in the xero-halophyte Haloxylon salicornicum conferring drought tolerance. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 172:1189-1211. [PMID: 33511647 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the most catastrophic abiotic stresses that affects global food production severely. The present work investigates the metabolic and physiological adaptation mechanisms in the xero-halophyte Haloxylon salicornicum to counter the effects of drought. This xero-halophyte can withstand a prolonged drought period of 14 days and recovered within 7 days of irrigation with minimal effects of drought on growth and physiological parameters. Photosynthetic parameters such as PN , gs , and E decreased significantly, whereas WUE increased under drought condition. Drought induces a significant decline in the Fv/Fm ratio. However, the value of Fv/Fm ratio successfully recovered within 7 days of the recovery period. Differential regulations of various antioxidative enzymes increase the drought tolerance potential of H. salicornicum. The metabolomic analysis of H. salicornicum shoot identified 63 metabolites: 43 significantly increased and 20 significantly decreased under drought conditions. These metabolites mainly include amino acids, organic acids, amines, sugar alcohols, sugars, fatty acids, alkaloids, and phytohormones. The metabolites that have a significant contribution towards drought tolerance include citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, d-erythrose, glyceric acid, sucrose, pentanoic acid, d-mannitol, ABA, and palmitic acid. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the vital drought-responsive metabolic pathways mainly include galactose metabolism, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, citrate cycle (TCA cycle), alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism. This study offers comprehensive information on physiological, antioxidative and metabolic adaptations and overall drought tolerance mechanisms in H. salicornicum. The information gained from this study will provide guidance to plant breeders and molecular biologists to develop drought-tolerant crop varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Panda
- Plant Omics Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Jaykumar Rangani
- Plant Omics Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Asish Kumar Parida
- Plant Omics Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
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Zhang Z, Gong J, Wang B, Li X, Ding Y, Yang B, Zhu C, Liu M, Zhang W. Regrowth strategies of Leymus chinensis in response to different grazing intensities. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2020; 30:e02113. [PMID: 32112460 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In temperate grassland ecosystems, grazing can affect plant growth by foraging, trampling, and excretion. The ability of dominant plant species to regrow after grazing is critical, since it allows the regeneration of photosynthetic tissues to support growth. We conducted a field experiment to evaluate the effects of different grazing intensities (control, light, medium, and heavy) on the physiological and biochemical responses of Leymus chinensis and the carbon (C) sources utilized during regrowth. Light grazing promoted regrowth and photoassimilate storage of L. chinensis, by increasing the net photosynthetic rate (Pn ), photosynthetic quenching, light interception, sugar accumulation, sucrose synthase activities, and fructose supply from stems. At medium grazing intensity, L. chinensis had low Pn , light interception, and sugar accumulation, but higher expression of a sucrose transporter gene (LcSUT1) and water-use efficiency, which reflected a tendency to store C in belowground to promote survival. This strategy was associated with regulation by abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonate, and salicylic acid (SA) signaling. However, L. chinensis tolerated heavy grazing by increased ABA and jasmonate-induced promotion of C assimilation and osmotic adjustment, combined with photoprotection against photo-oxidation, suggesting a strategy based on regrowth. In addition, stems were the main C source organs and energy supply rather than roots. Simultaneously, SA represented a weaker defense than ABA and jasmonate. Therefore, L. chinensis adopted different strategies for regrowth under different grazing intensities, and light grazing promoted regrowth the most. Our results demonstrate the regulation of C reserves utilization by phytohormones, and this regulation provides an explanation for recent results about grazing responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihe Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jirui Gong
- Key Laboratory of Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Biao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xiaobing Li
- Key Laboratory of Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yong Ding
- Grassland Research Institute of Chinese Academic of Agricultural Science, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010021, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Chenchen Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Min Liu
- Key Laboratory of Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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Rangani J, Panda A, Parida AK. Metabolomic study reveals key metabolic adjustments in the xerohalophyte Salvadora persica L. during adaptation to water deficit and subsequent recovery conditions. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 150:180-195. [PMID: 32146282 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Water deficit severely limits productivity of plants, and pose a major threat to modern agriculture system. Therefore, understanding drought adaptive mechanisms in drought-tolerant plants is imperative to formulate strategies for development of desiccation tolerance in crop plants. In present investigation, metabolic profiling employing GC-QTOF-MS/MS and HPLC-DAD was carried out to evaluate metabolic adjustments under drought stress in the xero-halophyte Salvadora persica. The metabolite profiling identified a total of 68 metabolites in S. persica leaf, including organic acids, amino acids, sugars, sugar alcohols, hormones, and polyphenols. The results showed that higher cellular osmolality under drought stress was accompanied by accumulations of several osmoprotectants like sugars and polyols (sucrose, glucose, mannose, galactose, erythrose, sorbose, glycerol, and myoinositol), organic acids (galactaric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, oxalic acid, and citric acid), and amino acids (alanine, phenylalanine, tyrosine). Upregulation of ABA and JA support to achieve early drought tolerance in S. persica. Moreover, accumulation of coumarin, gallic acid, and chlorogenic acid provide antioxidative defense to S. persica. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that altered metabolites were associated with starch and sucrose metabolism, galactose metabolism, inositol phosphate metabolism, and phenylalanine metabolism. While during recovery, metabolites associated with lysine biosynthesis and alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism were significantly altered. The results of the present study imply that coordinated regulations between various metabolites, metabolic processes, and pathways empower the xerohalophyte S. persica to adapt under drought environment. The knowledge from this study will enable the development of drought tolerance in crops using genetic engineering and breeding approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaykumar Rangani
- Plant Omics Division, CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002, (Gujarat), India
| | - Ashok Panda
- Plant Omics Division, CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002, (Gujarat), India
| | - Asish Kumar Parida
- Plant Omics Division, CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002, (Gujarat), India.
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Dourmap C, Roque S, Morin A, Caubrière D, Kerdiles M, Béguin K, Perdoux R, Reynoud N, Bourdet L, Audebert PA, Moullec JL, Couée I. Stress signalling dynamics of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation system in higher plants. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2020; 125:721-736. [PMID: 31711195 PMCID: PMC7182585 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcz184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria play a diversity of physiological and metabolic roles under conditions of abiotic or biotic stress. They may be directly subjected to physico-chemical constraints, and they are also involved in integrative responses to environmental stresses through their central position in cell nutrition, respiration, energy balance and biosyntheses. In plant cells, mitochondria present various biochemical peculiarities, such as cyanide-insensitive alternative respiration, and, besides integration with ubiquitous eukaryotic compartments, their functioning must be coupled with plastid functioning. Moreover, given the sessile lifestyle of plants, their relative lack of protective barriers and present threats of climate change, the plant cell is an attractive model to understand the mechanisms of stress/organelle/cell integration in the context of environmental stress responses. SCOPE The involvement of mitochondria in this integration entails a complex network of signalling, which has not been fully elucidated, because of the great diversity of mitochondrial constituents (metabolites, reactive molecular species and structural and regulatory biomolecules) that are linked to stress signalling pathways. The present review analyses the complexity of stress signalling connexions that are related to the mitochondrial electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation system, and how they can be involved in stress perception and transduction, signal amplification or cell stress response modulation. CONCLUSIONS Plant mitochondria are endowed with a diversity of multi-directional hubs of stress signalling that lead to regulatory loops and regulatory rheostats, whose functioning can amplify and diversify some signals or, conversely, dampen and reduce other signals. Involvement in a wide range of abiotic and biotic responses also implies that mitochondrial stress signalling could result in synergistic or conflicting outcomes during acclimation to multiple and complex stresses, such as those arising from climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corentin Dourmap
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Solène Roque
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Amélie Morin
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Damien Caubrière
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Margaux Kerdiles
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, CNRS ECOBIO (Ecosystems-Biodiversity-Evolution) – UMR 6553, Rennes, France
| | - Kyllian Béguin
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, CNRS ECOBIO (Ecosystems-Biodiversity-Evolution) – UMR 6553, Rennes, France
| | - Romain Perdoux
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Nicolas Reynoud
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Lucile Bourdet
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Pierre-Alexandre Audebert
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Julien Le Moullec
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Ivan Couée
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, CNRS ECOBIO (Ecosystems-Biodiversity-Evolution) – UMR 6553, Rennes, France
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Zhang X, Wu H, Chen J, Chen L, Wan X. Chloride and amino acids are associated with K +-alleviated drought stress in tea (Camellia sinesis). FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2020; 47:398-408. [PMID: 32138810 DOI: 10.1071/fp19221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the main limiting factors affecting tea plant yield and quality. Previous studies have reported that K+ (potassium) application significantly alleviated drought-induced damage in tea plants. However, the intrinsic mechanisms underlying K+-alleviated drought stress are still obscure. In our study, two contrasting varieties, Taicha12 (drought tolerant) and Fuyun6 (drought sensitive), were used to investigate the intrinsic mechanisms behind K+-alleviated drought stress in tea plants. In the present study, we compared with the case of tea plants under drought: higher water and chlorophyll contents were found in drought-stressed tea plants with an external K+ supply, confirming the role of externally supplied K+ in mitigating drought stress. We also found that an adequate K+ supply promoted Cl- accumulation in the mesophyll of Taicha12 (drought tolerant) over that of in Fuyun6 (drought sensitive). Moreover, Gly, Cys, Lys and Arg were not detected in Fuyun6 under 'Drought' or 'Drought + K+' conditions. Results showed that an exogenous supply of Arg and Val significantly alleviated drought-induced damage in Fuyun6, suggesting their role in K+-alleviated drought stress in tea plants. Collectively, our results show that chloride and amino acids are important components associated with K+-alleviated drought stress in tea plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianchen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilisation, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Honghong Wu
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; and College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jingguang Chen
- CAAS-IRRI Joint Laboratory for Genomics-Assisted Germplasm Enhancement, Agricultural Genomics Institute in Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Linmu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilisation, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Xiaochun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilisation, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China; and Corresponding author.
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He J, Chua EL, Qin L. Drought does not induce crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) but regulates photosynthesis and enhances nutritional quality of Mesembryanthemum crystallinum. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229897. [PMID: 32142525 PMCID: PMC7059918 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Physiology and nutritional quality of a facultative CAM plant Mesembryanthemum crystallinum under drought stress alone are poorly understood. To induce drought, M. crystallinum was cultured aeroponically with different nutrient spraying intervals such as 5, 30, 60 and 240 min. The long spraying interval such as 240 min resulted in lower mass of root and shoot, shorter total root length with less tips and smaller surface area, compared to short interval of 5 min. Grown under the longest spraying interval of 240 min, M. crystallinumalso had significantly higher leaf dry matter content but lower leaf succulence. However, CAM acidity was undetectable for any plants. Although M. crystallinum grown under extended spraying intervals had higher photosynthetic pigments, they utilized lesser light energy and did not dissipate heat as effectively as those grown under 5 min. Compare to other shorter spraying intervals, photosynthetic gas exchange rates were significantly reduced under 240 min spraying interval, indicating signs of water deficit stress. Shoot nitrate, total reduced nitrogen, total soluble protein and Rubisco concentrations were similar for all plants. For phytochemicals and dietary minerals, plants grown under 240 min spraying interval had significantly higher values than the other plants. Therefore, drought does not result in the induction of CAM but regulates photosynthetic performance and enhances nutritional quality of M. crystallinum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie He
- National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ee Lyn Chua
- National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lin Qin
- National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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32
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Li Y, Kong D, Fu Y, Sussman MR, Wu H. The effect of developmental and environmental factors on secondary metabolites in medicinal plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 148:80-89. [PMID: 31951944 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 348] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Secondary metabolites (SMs) of medicinal plants are the material basis of their clinically curative effects. They are also important indicators for evaluating the quality of medicinal materials. However, the synthesis and accumulation of SMs are very complex, which are affected by many factors including internal developmental genetic circuits (regulated gene, enzyme) and by external environment factors (light, temperature, water, salinity, etc.). Currently, lots of literatures focused on the effect of environmental factors on the synthesis and accumulation of SMs of medicinal plants, the effect of the developmental growth and genetic factors on the synthesis and accumulation of SMs still lack systematic classification and summary. Here, we have given the review base on our previous works on the morphological development of medicinal plants and their secondary metabolites, and systematically outlined the literature reports how different environmental factors affected the synthesis and accumulation of SMs. The results of our reviews can know how developmental and environmental factors qualitatively and quantitatively influence SMs of medicinal plants and how these can be integrated as tools to quality control, as well as on the improvement of clinical curative effects by altering their genomes, and/or growth conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Technology Research Center for Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Natural Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Dexin Kong
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ying Fu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Michael R Sussman
- Biotechnology Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Hong Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Technology Research Center for Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Natural Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Gugliuzza G, Talluto G, Martinelli F, Farina V, Lo Bianco R. Water Deficit Affects the Growth and Leaf Metabolite Composition of Young Loquat Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E274. [PMID: 32093009 PMCID: PMC7076381 DOI: 10.3390/plants9020274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Water scarcity in the Mediterranean area is very common and understanding responses to drought is important for loquat management and production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of drought on the growth and metabolism of loquat. Ninety two-year-old plants of 'Marchetto' loquat grafted on quince were grown in the greenhouse in 12-liter pots and three irrigation regimes were imposed starting on 11 May and lasting until 27 July, 2013. One-third of the plants was irrigated with 100% of the water consumed (well watered, WW), a second group of plants was irrigated with 66% of the water supplied to the WW plants (mild drought, MD), and a third group was irrigated with 33% of the water supplied to the WW plants (severe drought, SD). Minimum water potential levels of -2.0 MPa were recorded in SD plants at the end of May. Photosynthetic rates were reduced according to water supply (WW>MD>SD), especially during the morning hours. By the end of the trial, severe drought reduced all growth parameters and particularly leaf growth. Drought induced early accumulation of sorbitol in leaves, whereas other carbohydrates were not affected. Of over 100 leaf metabolites investigated, 9 (squalene, pelargonic acid, glucose-1-phosphate, palatinol, capric acid, aconitic acid, xylitol, lauric acid, and alanine) were found to be useful to discriminate between the three irrigation groups, suggesting their involvement in loquat metabolism under drought conditions. Loquat behaved as a moderately drought-tolerant species (limited stem water potential and growth reductions) and the accumulation of sorbitol in favor of sucrose in mildly-stressed plants may be considered an early protective mechanism against leaf dehydration and a potential biochemical marker for precise irrigation management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Gugliuzza
- CREA—Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, SS 113 Km 245.500, 90011 Bagheria, Italy; (G.G.); (G.T.)
| | - Giuseppe Talluto
- CREA—Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, SS 113 Km 245.500, 90011 Bagheria, Italy; (G.G.); (G.T.)
| | - Federico Martinelli
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, via Madonna del Piano 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy;
| | - Vittorio Farina
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 4, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Riccardo Lo Bianco
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 4, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
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Bai T, Li Z, Song C, Song S, Jiao J, Liu Y, Dong Z, Zheng X. Contrasting Drought Tolerance in Two Apple Cultivars Associated with Difference in Leaf Morphology and Anatomy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2019.105051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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