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Nafchi MA, Kachoie MA, Ghodrati L. Co-application of titanium dioxide and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles modulated chromium and salinity stress via modifying physio-biochemical attributes in Solidago canadensis L. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-34454-9. [PMID: 39093394 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34454-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Climate change and human activity have led to an increase in salinity levels and the toxicity of chromium (Cr). One promising approach to modifying these stressors in plants is to use effective nanoparticles (NPs). While titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) and hydroxyapatite (HAP NPs) have been demonstrated to increase plant tolerance to abiotic stress by enhancing antioxidant capacity, lipid peroxidation, and secondary metabolites, it is unknown how these two compounds can work together in situations when salt and Cr toxicity are present. The objective of the current study was to determine the effects of foliar-applied TiO2 NPs (15 mg L-1) and HAP NPs (250 mg L-1) separately and in combination on growth, chlorophyll (Chl), water content, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant capacity, phenolic content, and essential oils (EOs) of Solidago canadensis L. under salinity (100 mM NaCl) and Cr toxicity (100 mg kg-1 soil). Salinity was more deleterious than Cr by decreasing plant weight, Chl a + b, relative water content (RWC), EO yield, and increasing malondialdehyde (MDA), electrolyte leakage (EL), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and catalase (CAT) activity. The co-application of TiO2 and HAP NPs proved to be more successful. This was evidenced by the increased shoot weight (36%), root weight (29%), Chl a + b (23%), RWC (15%), total phenolic content (TPC, 34%), total flavonoid content (TFC, 28%), and EO yield (56%), but decreased MDA (21%), EL (11%), SOD (22%) and CAT activity (38%) in salt-exposed plants. The study demonstrated the effective strategy of co-applying these NPs to modify abiotic stress by enhancing phenolic compounds and EO yield as key results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehrdad Ataie Kachoie
- Medicinal Plants Research and Processing Center, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Leila Ghodrati
- Medicinal Plants Research and Processing Center, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
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Kumar D, Mariyam S, Gupta KJ, Thiruvengadam M, Sampatrao Ghodake G, Xing B, Seth CS. Comparative investigation on chemical and green synthesized titanium dioxide nanoparticles against chromium (VI) stress eliciting differential physiological, biochemical, and cellular attributes in Helianthus annuus L. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 930:172413. [PMID: 38631632 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a new scientific area that promotes unique concepts to comprehend the optimal mechanics of nanoparticles (NPs) in plants under heavy metal stress. The present investigation focuses on effects of synthetic and green synthesized titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs and gTiO2 NPs) against Cr(VI). Green TiO2 NPs have been produced from plant leaf extract (Ricinus communis L.). Synthesis was confirmed employing an array of optical spectroscopic and electron microscopic techniques. Chromium strongly accelerated H2O2 and MDA productions by 227 % and 266 % at highest chromium concentration (60 mg/kg of soil), respectively, and also caused DNA damage, and decline in photosynthesis. Additionally, anomalies were observed in stomatal cells with gradual increment in chromium concentrations. Conversely, foliar applications of TiO2 NPs and gTiO2 NPs considerably mitigated chromium stress. Sunflower plants treated with modest amounts of green TiO2 NPs had significantly better growth index compared to chemically synthesized ones. Principal component analysis highlighted the variations among photosynthetic attributes, oxidative stress markers, and antioxidant defense systems. Notably, gTiO2 supplementation to the Cr(VI) strained plants minimized PC3 production which is a rare report so far. Conclusively, gTiO2 NPs have been identified to be promising nano-based nutrition resource for farming applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Kumar
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, Delhi, India
| | - Safoora Mariyam
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, Delhi, India
| | | | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Applied Bioscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Gajanan Sampatrao Ghodake
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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Nazir MA, Hasan M, Mustafa G, Tariq T, Ahmed MM, Golzari Dehno R, Ghorbanpour M. Zinc oxide nano-fertilizer differentially effect on morphological and physiological identity of redox-enzymes and biochemical attributes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Sci Rep 2024; 14:13091. [PMID: 38849601 PMCID: PMC11161468 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63987-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of current study was to prepared zinc oxide nanofertilzers by ecofriendly friendly, economically feasible, free of chemical contamination and safe for biological use. The study focused on crude extract of Withania coagulans as reducing agent for the green synthesis of ZnO nano-particles. Biosynthesized ZnO NPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, XRD, FTIR and GC-MS analysis. However, zinc oxide as green Nano fertilizer was used to analyze responses induced by different doses of ZnO NPs [0, 25, 50,100, 200 mg/l and Zn acetate (100 mg/l)] in Triticum aestivum (wheat). The stimulatory and inhibitory effects of foliar application of ZnO NPs were studied on wheat (Triticum aestivum) with aspect of biomass accumulation, morphological attributes, biochemical parameters and anatomical modifications. Wheat plant showed significant (p < 0.01) enhancement of growth parameters upon exposure to ZnO NPs at specific concentrations. In addition, wheat plant showed significant increase in biochemical attributes, chlorophyll content, carotenoids, carbohydrate and protein contents. Antioxidant enzyme (POD, SOD, CAT) and total flavonoid content also confirmed nurturing impact on wheat plant. Increased stem, leaf and root anatomical parameters, all showed ZnO NPs mitigating capacity when applied to wheat. According to the current research, ZnO NPs application on wheat might be used to increase growth, yield, and Zn biofortification in wheat plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneeba Anum Nazir
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Murtaza Hasan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Ghazala Mustafa
- Depatment of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
- State Agricultural Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Growth and Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Tuba Tariq
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mahmood Ahmed
- Department of Biotinformatics, Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Rosa Golzari Dehno
- Department of Agriculture, Chalus Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalus, Iran
| | - Mansour Ghorbanpour
- Department of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, 38156-8-8349, Iran.
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Arak University, Arak, 38156-8-8349, Iran.
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Xiao X, Lang D, Yong J, Zhang X. Bacillus cereus G2 alleviate salt stress in Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. by balancing the downstream branches of phenylpropanoids and activating flavonoid biosynthesis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 273:116129. [PMID: 38430580 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/04/2024]
Abstract
The salinity environment is one of the biggest threats to Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. (G. uralensis) growth, resulting from the oxidative stress caused by excess reactive oxygen species (ROS). Flavonoids are the main pharmacodynamic composition and help maintain ROS homeostasis and mitigate oxidative damage in G. uralensis in the salinity environment. To investigate whether endophytic Bacillus cereus G2 can improve the salt-tolerance of G. uralensis through controlling flavonoid biosynthesis, the transcriptomic and physiological analysis of G. uralensis treated by G2 in the saline environment was conducted, focused on flavonoid biosynthesis-related pathways. Results uncovered that salinity inhibited flavonoids synthesis by decreasing the activities of phenylalanine ammonialyase (PAL) and 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL) (42% and 39%, respectively) due to down-regulated gene Glyur000910s00020578 at substrate level, and then decreasing the activities of chalcone isomerase (CHI) and chalcone synthase (CHS) activities (50% and 42%, respectively) due to down-regulated genes Glyur006062s00044203 and Glyur000051s00003431, further decreasing isoliquiritigenin content by 53%. However, salt stress increased liquiritin content by 43%, which might be a protective mechanism of salt-treated G. uralensis seedlings. Interestingly, G2 enhanced PAL activity by 27% whereas reduced trans-cinnamate 4-monooxygenase (C4H) activity by 43% which could inhibit lignin biosynthesis but promote flavonoid biosynthesis of salt-treated G. uralensis at the substrate level. G2 decreased shikimate O-hydroxycinnamoyltransferase (HCT) activity by 35%, increased CHS activity by 54% through up-regulating the gene Glyur000051s00003431 encoding CHS, and increased CHI activity by 72%, thereby decreasing lignin (34%) and liquiritin (24%) content, but increasing isoliquiritigenin content (35%), which could mitigate oxidative damage and changed salt-tolerance mechanism of G. uralensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Xiao
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Duoyong Lang
- College of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Jingjiao Yong
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xinhui Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Ningxia Engineering and Technology Research Center of Regional Characterizistic Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Characterizistic Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 750004, China.
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Chai S, Yang Z, Deng X, Wang L, Jiang Y, Liao J, Yang R, Wang X, Zhang L. ZnO quantum dots alleviate salt stress in Salvia miltiorrhiza by enhancing growth, scavenging reactive oxygen species, and modulating stress-responsive genes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 344:123363. [PMID: 38242309 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Experiments were conducted to investigate the alleviating effects of ZnO quantum dots (ZnO QDs) on salt stress in Salvia miltiorrhiza by comparing them with conventional ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs). The results demonstrated that compared with salt stress alone, foliar application of ZnO QDs significantly improved the biomass as well as the total chlorophyll and carotenoids contents under salt stress. ZnO QDs reduced H2O2 and MDA levels, decreased non-enzymatic antioxidant (ASA and GSH) content, and improved antioxidant enzyme (POD, SOD, CAT, PAL, and PPO) activity under salt stress. Metal elemental analysis further demonstrated that the ZnO QDs markedly increased Zn and K contents while decreasing Na content, resulting in a lower Na/K ratio compared to salt stress alone. Finally, RNA sequencing results indicated that ZnO QDs primarily regulated genes associated with stress-responsive pathways, including plant hormone signal transduction, the MAPK signaling pathway, and metabolic-related pathways, thereby alleviating the adverse effects of salt stress. In comparison, ZnO NPs did not exhibit similar effects in terms of improving plant growth, enhancing the antioxidant system, or regulating stress-responsive genes under salt stress. These findings highlight the distinct advantages of ZnO QDs and suggest their potential as a valuable tool for mitigating salt stress in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songyue Chai
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China; Featured Medicinal Plants Sharing and Service Platform of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Ziya Yang
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Xuexue Deng
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China; Featured Medicinal Plants Sharing and Service Platform of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Long Wang
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China; Featured Medicinal Plants Sharing and Service Platform of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jiang
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China; Featured Medicinal Plants Sharing and Service Platform of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Jinqiu Liao
- Featured Medicinal Plants Sharing and Service Platform of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China; College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Ruiwu Yang
- Featured Medicinal Plants Sharing and Service Platform of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China; College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Xianxiang Wang
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China; Featured Medicinal Plants Sharing and Service Platform of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China.
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Zhang L, Liu Z, Song Y, Sui J, Hua X. Advances in the Involvement of Metals and Metalloids in Plant Defense Response to External Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:313. [PMID: 38276769 PMCID: PMC10820295 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Plants, as sessile organisms, uptake nutrients from the soil. Throughout their whole life cycle, they confront various external biotic and abiotic threats, encompassing harmful element toxicity, pathogen infection, and herbivore attack, posing risks to plant growth and production. Plants have evolved multifaceted mechanisms to cope with exogenous stress. The element defense hypothesis (EDH) theory elucidates that plants employ elements within their tissues to withstand various natural enemies. Notably, essential and non-essential trace metals and metalloids have been identified as active participants in plant defense mechanisms, especially in nanoparticle form. In this review, we compiled and synthetized recent advancements and robust evidence regarding the involvement of trace metals and metalloids in plant element defense against external stresses that include biotic stressors (such as drought, salinity, and heavy metal toxicity) and abiotic environmental stressors (such as pathogen invasion and herbivore attack). We discuss the mechanisms underlying the metals and metalloids involved in plant defense enhancement from physiological, biochemical, and molecular perspectives. By consolidating this information, this review enhances our understanding of how metals and metalloids contribute to plant element defense. Drawing on the current advances in plant elemental defense, we propose an application prospect of metals and metalloids in agricultural products to solve current issues, including soil pollution and production, for the sustainable development of agriculture. Although the studies focused on plant elemental defense have advanced, the precise mechanism under the plant defense response still needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiao Zhang
- School of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China; (Z.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Zhengyan Liu
- School of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China; (Z.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Yun Song
- School of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China;
| | - Junkang Sui
- School of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China; (Z.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Xuewen Hua
- School of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China; (Z.L.); (J.S.)
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Garza-García JJO, Hernández-Díaz JA, León-Morales JM, Velázquez-Juárez G, Zamudio-Ojeda A, Arratia-Quijada J, Reyes-Maldonado OK, López-Velázquez JC, García-Morales S. Selenium nanoparticles based on Amphipterygium glaucum extract with antibacterial, antioxidant, and plant biostimulant properties. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:252. [PMID: 37537575 PMCID: PMC10399041 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02027-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, crop production has expanded due to the variety of commercially available species. This increase in production has led to global competition and the search for biostimulant products that improve crop quality and yield. At the same time, agricultural products that protect against diseases caused by phytopathogenic microorganisms are needed. Thus, the green synthesis of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) is a proposal for achieving these needs. In this research, SeNPs were synthesized from methanolic extract of Amphipterygium glaucum leaves, and chemically and biologically characterized. RESULTS The characterization of SeNPs was conducted by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV-Vis), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron microscopy transmission (TEM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and infrared spectrophotometry (FTIR) techniques. SeNPs with an average size of 40-60 nm and spherical and needle-shaped morphologies were obtained. The antibacterial activity of SeNPs against Serratia marcescens, Enterobacter cloacae, and Alcaligenes faecalis was evaluated. The results indicate that the methanolic extracts of A. glaucum and SeNPs presented a high antioxidant activity. The biostimulant effect of SeNPs (10, 20, 50, and 100 µM) was evaluated in vinca (Catharanthus roseus), and calendula (Calendula officinalis) plants under greenhouse conditions, and they improved growth parameters such as the height, the fresh and dry weight of roots, stems, and leaves; and the number of flowers of vinca and calendula. CONCLUSIONS The antibacterial, antioxidant, and biostimulant properties of SeNPs synthesized from A. glaucum extract demonstrated in this study support their use as a promising tool in crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge J. O. Garza-García
- Plant Biotechnology, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Camino Arenero 1227, 45019 Zapopan, Mexico
| | - José A. Hernández-Díaz
- Plant Biotechnology, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Camino Arenero 1227, 45019 Zapopan, Mexico
| | - Janet M. León-Morales
- Coordinación Académica Región Altiplano Oeste, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Carretera Salinas-Santo Domingo 200, 78600 Salinas de Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Gilberto Velázquez-Juárez
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Boulevard Gral. Marcelino García Barragán 1421, 44430 Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Adalberto Zamudio-Ojeda
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Boulevard Gral. Marcelino García Barragán 1421, 44430 Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Jenny Arratia-Quijada
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Nuevo Periférico Oriente 555, 45425 Tonalá, Mexico
| | - Oscar K. Reyes-Maldonado
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Boulevard Gral. Marcelino García Barragán 1421, 44430 Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Julio C. López-Velázquez
- Plant Biotechnology, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Camino Arenero 1227, 45019 Zapopan, Mexico
| | - Soledad García-Morales
- Plant Biotechnology, CONAHCYT-Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Camino Arenero 1227, 45019 Zapopan, Mexico
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Zia-Ur-Rehman M, Anayatullah S, Irfan E, Hussain SM, Rizwan M, Sohail MI, Jafir M, Ahmad T, Usman M, Alharby HF. Nanoparticles assisted regulation of oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme system in plants under salt stress: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 314:137649. [PMID: 36587917 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The global biomass production from agricultural farmlands is facing severe constraints from abiotic stresses like soil salinization. Salinity-mediated stress triggered the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that may result in oxidative burst in cell organelles and cause cell death in plants. ROS production is regulated by the redox homeostasis that helps in the readjustment of the cellular redox and energy state in plants. All these cellular redox related functions may play a decisive role in adaptation and acclimation to salinity stress in plants. The use of nanotechnology like nanoparticles (NPs) in plant physiology has become the new area of interest as they have potential to trigger the various enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant capabilities of plants under varying salinity levels. Moreover, NPs application under salinity is also being favored due to their unique characteristics compared to traditional phytohormones, amino acids, nutrients, and organic osmolytes. Therefore, this article emphasized the core response of plants to acclimate the challenges of salt stress through auxiliary functions of ROS, antioxidant defense system and redox homeostasis. Furthermore, the role of different types of NPs mediated changes in biochemical, proteomic, and genetic expressions of plants under salt stress have been discussed. This article also discussed the potential limitations of NPs adoption in crop production especially under environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zia-Ur-Rehman
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Sidra Anayatullah
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Effa Irfan
- Institute of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Syed Makhdoom Hussain
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Irfan Sohail
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan; Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, 56300, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Jafir
- Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Tanveer Ahmad
- Department of Horticulture, MNS University of Agriculture Multan, 60000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Hesham F Alharby
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia; Plant Biology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Mustafa N, Raja NI, Ilyas N, Abasi F, Ahmad MS, Ehsan M, Mehak A, Badshah I, Proćków J. Exogenous Application of Green Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles (TiO 2 NPs) to Improve the Germination, Physiochemical, and Yield Parameters of Wheat Plants under Salinity Stress. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27154884. [PMID: 35956833 PMCID: PMC9370171 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Agriculture is the backbone of every developing country. Among various crops, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) belongs to the family Poaceae and is the most important staple food crop of various countries. Different biotic (viruses, bacteria and fungi) and abiotic stresses (water logging, drought and salinity) adversely affect the qualitative and quantitative attributes of wheat. Among these stresses, salinity stress is a very important limiting factor affecting the morphological, physiological, biochemical attributes and grain yield of wheat. This research work was carried out to evaluate the influence of phytosynthesized TiO2 NPs on the germination, physiochemical, and yield attributes of wheat varieties in response to salinity. TiO2 NPs were synthesized using TiO2 salt and a Buddleja asiatica plant extract as a reducing and capping agent. Various concentrations of TiO2 nanoparticles (20, 40, 60 and 80 mg/L) and salt solutions (NaCl) (100 and 150 mM) were used. A total of 20 mg/L and 40 mg/L improve germination attributes, osmotic and water potential, carotenoid, total phenolic, and flavonoid content, soluble sugar and proteins, proline and amino acid content, superoxide dismutase activity, and reduce malondialdhehyde (MDA) content at both levels of salinity. These two concentrations also improved the yield attributes of wheat varieties at both salinity levels. The best results were observed at 40 mg/L of TiO2 NPs at both salinity levels. However, the highest concentrations (60 and 80 mg/L) of TiO2 NPs showed negative effects on germination, physiochemical and yield characteristics and causes stress in both wheat varieties under control irrigation conditions and salinity stress. Therefore, in conclusion, the findings of this research are that the foliar application of TiO2 NPs can help to improve tolerance against salinity stress in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilofar Mustafa
- Department of Botany, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Punjab, Pakistan; (N.I.R.); (N.I.); (F.A.); (M.E.); (A.M.); (I.B.)
- Correspondence: (N.M.); (J.P.)
| | - Naveed Iqbal Raja
- Department of Botany, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Punjab, Pakistan; (N.I.R.); (N.I.); (F.A.); (M.E.); (A.M.); (I.B.)
| | - Noshin Ilyas
- Department of Botany, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Punjab, Pakistan; (N.I.R.); (N.I.); (F.A.); (M.E.); (A.M.); (I.B.)
| | - Fozia Abasi
- Department of Botany, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Punjab, Pakistan; (N.I.R.); (N.I.); (F.A.); (M.E.); (A.M.); (I.B.)
| | - Muhammad Sheeraz Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Punjab, Pakistan;
| | - Maria Ehsan
- Department of Botany, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Punjab, Pakistan; (N.I.R.); (N.I.); (F.A.); (M.E.); (A.M.); (I.B.)
| | - Asma Mehak
- Department of Botany, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Punjab, Pakistan; (N.I.R.); (N.I.); (F.A.); (M.E.); (A.M.); (I.B.)
| | - Imran Badshah
- Department of Botany, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Punjab, Pakistan; (N.I.R.); (N.I.); (F.A.); (M.E.); (A.M.); (I.B.)
| | - Jarosław Proćków
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. Kożuchowska 5b, PL-51-631 Wrocław, Poland
- Correspondence: (N.M.); (J.P.)
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Ge X, Cao Z, Chu L. The Antioxidant Effect of the Metal and Metal-Oxide Nanoparticles. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040791. [PMID: 35453476 PMCID: PMC9030860 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Inorganic nanoparticles, such as CeO3, TiO2 and Fe3O4 could be served as a platform for their excellent performance in antioxidant effect. They may offer the feasibility to be further developed for their smaller and controllable sizes, flexibility to be modified, relative low toxicity as well as ease of preparation. In this work, the recent progress of these nanoparticles were illustrated, and the antioxidant mechanism of the inorganic nanoparticles were introduced, which mainly included antioxidant enzyme-mimetic activity and antioxidant ROS/RNS scavenging activity. The antioxidant effects and the applications of several nanoparticles, such as CeO3, Fe3O4, TiO2 and Se, are summarized in this paper. The potential toxicity of these nanoparticles both in vitro and in vivo was well studied for the further applications. Future directions of how to utilize these inorganic nanoparticles to be further applied in some fields, such as medicine, cosmetic and functional food additives were also investigated in this paper.
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