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Huang S, Jin S. Melatonin Interaction with Other Phytohormones in the Regulation of Abiotic Stresses in Horticultural Plants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:663. [PMID: 38929102 PMCID: PMC11201163 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Horticultural crops play a vital role in global food production, nutrition, and the economy. Horticultural crops are highly vulnerable to abiotic stresses. These abiotic stresses hinder plant growth and development by affecting seed germination, impairing photosynthetic activity, and damaging root development, thus leading to a decrease in fruit yield, quality, and productivity. Scientists have conducted extensive research to investigate the mechanisms of resilience and the ability to cope with environmental stresses. In contrast, the use of phytohormones to alleviate the detrimental impacts of abiotic stresses on horticulture plants has been generally recognized as an effective method. Among phytohormones, melatonin (MT) is a novel plant hormone that regulates various plants' physiological functions such as seedling development, root system architecture, photosynthetic efficiency, balanced redox homeostasis, secondary metabolites production, accumulation of mineral nutrient uptake, and activated antioxidant defense system. Importantly, MT application significantly restricted heavy metals (HMs) uptake and increased mineral nutrient accumulation by modifying the root architecture system. In addition, MT is a naturally occurring, multifunctional, nontoxic biomolecule having antioxidant properties. Furthermore, this review described the hormonal interaction between MT and other signaling molecules in order to enhance abiotic stress tolerance in horticulture crops. This review focuses on current research advancements and prospective approaches for enhancing crop tolerance to abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Songheng Jin
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China;
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Khan AL. Silicon: A valuable soil element for improving plant growth and CO 2 sequestration. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00217-0. [PMID: 38806098 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silicon (Si), the second most abundant and quasi-essential soil element, is locked as a recalcitrant silicate mineral in the Earth's crust. The physical abundance of silicates can play an essential role in increasing plant productivity. Plants store Si as biogenic silica (phytoliths), which is mobilized through a chemical weathering process in the soil. AIM OF REVIEW Although Si is a critical element for plant growth, there is still a considerable need to understand its dissolution, uptake, and translocation in agroecosystems. Here, we show recent progress in understanding the interactome of Si, CO2, the microbiome, and soil chemistry, which can sustainably govern silicate dissolution and cycling in agriculture. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF THIS REVIEW Si cycling is directly related to carbon cycling, and the resulting climate stability can be enhanced by negative feedback between atmospheric CO2 and the silicate uptake process. Improved Si mobilization in the rhizosphere by the presence of reactive elements (for example, Ca, Na, Al, Zn, and Fe) and Si uptake through genetic transporters in plants are crucial to achieving the dual objectives of (i) enhancing crop productivity and (ii) abiotic stress tolerance. Furthermore, the microbiome is a symbiotic partner of plants. Bacterial and fungal microbiomes can solubilize silicate minerals through intriguingly complex bioweathering mechanisms by producing beneficial metabolites and enzymes. However, the interaction of Si with CO2 and the microbiome's function in mobilization have been understudied. This review shows that enhancing our understanding of Si, CO2, the microbiome, and soil chemistry can help in sustainable crop production during climatic stress events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Latif Khan
- Department of Engineering Technology, University of Houston, Sugar Land, TX, USA; Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston TX, USA.
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3
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Kandhol N, Rai P, Mishra V, Pandey S, Kumar S, Deshmukh R, Sharma S, Singh VP, Tripathi DK. Silicon regulates phosphate deficiency through involvement of auxin and nitric oxide in barley roots. PLANTA 2024; 259:144. [PMID: 38709333 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04364-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Silicon application mitigates phosphate deficiency in barley through an interplay with auxin and nitric oxide, enhancing growth, photosynthesis, and redox balance, highlighting the potential of silicon as a fertilizer for overcoming nutritional stresses. Silicon (Si) is reported to attenuate nutritional stresses in plants, but studies on the effect of Si application to plants grown under phosphate (Pi) deficiency are still very scarce, especially in barley. Therefore, the present work was undertaken to investigate the potential role of Si in mitigating the adverse impacts of Pi deficiency in barley Hordeum vulgare L. (var. BH902). Further, the involvement of two key regulatory signaling molecules--auxin and nitric oxide (NO)--in Si-induced tolerance against Pi deficiency in barley was tested. Morphological attributes, photosynthetic parameters, oxidative stress markers (O2·-, H2O2, and MDA), antioxidant system (enzymatic--APX, CAT, SOD, GR, DHAR, MDHAR as well as non-enzymatic--AsA and GSH), NO content, and proline metabolism were the key traits that were assessed under different treatments. The P deficiency distinctly declined growth of barley seedlings, which was due to enhancement in oxidative stress leading to inhibition of photosynthesis. These results were also in parallel with an enhancement in antioxidant activity, particularly SOD and CAT, and endogenous proline level and its biosynthetic enzyme (P5CS). The addition of Si exhibited beneficial effects on barley plants grown in Pi-deficient medium as reflected in increased growth, photosynthetic activity, and redox balance through the regulation of antioxidant machinery particularly ascorbate-glutathione cycle. We noticed that auxin and NO were also found to be independently participating in Si-mediated improvement of growth and other parameters in barley roots under Pi deficiency. Data of gene expression analysis for PHOSPHATE TRANSPORTER1 (HvPHT1) indicate that Si helps in increasing Pi uptake as per the need of Pi-deficient barley seedlings, and also auxin and NO both appear to help Si in accomplishing this task probably by inducing lateral root formation. These results are suggestive of possible application of Si as a fertilizer to correct the negative effects of nutritional stresses in plants. Further research at genetic level to understand Si-induced mechanisms for mitigating Pi deficiency can be helpful in the development of new varieties with improved tolerance against Pi deficiency, especially for cultivation in areas with Pi-deficient soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Kandhol
- Crop Nanobiology and Molecular Stress Physiology Lab, Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida, 201313, India
| | - Padmaja Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, 211004, India
| | - Vipul Mishra
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, A Constituent Post Graduate College of University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211002, India
| | - Sangeeta Pandey
- Plant and Microbe Interaction Lab, Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida, 201313, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Functional Polymer Material Lab, Department of Chemistry, Harcourt Butler Technical University, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208002, India
| | - Rupesh Deshmukh
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, Haryana, India
| | - Shivesh Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, 211004, India
| | - Vijay Pratap Singh
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, A Constituent Post Graduate College of University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211002, India.
| | - Durgesh Kumar Tripathi
- Crop Nanobiology and Molecular Stress Physiology Lab, Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida, 201313, India.
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Hassan MU, Lihong W, Nawaz M, Ali B, Tang H, Rasheed A, Zain M, Alqahtani FM, Hashem M, Qari SH, Zaid A. Silicon a key player to mitigate chromium toxicity in plants: Mechanisms and future prospective. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 208:108529. [PMID: 38507837 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Chromium is a serious heavy metal (HM) and its concentration in plant-soil interface is soaring due to anthropogenic activities, unregulated disposals, and lack of efficient treatments. High concentration of Cr is toxic to ecosystems and human health. Cr stress also diminishes the plant performance by changing the plant's vegetative and reproductive development that ultimately affects sustainable crop production. Silicon (Si) is the second-most prevalent element in the crust of the planet, and has demonstrated a remarkable potential to minimize the HM toxicity. Amending soils with Si mitigates adverse effects of Cr by improving plant physiological, biochemical, and molecular functioning and ensuring better Cr immobilization, compartmentation, and co-precipitation. However, there is no comprehensive review on the role of Si to mitigate Cr toxicity in plants. Thus, in this present review; the discussion has been carried on; 1) the source of Cr, 2) underlying mechanisms of Cr uptake by plants, 3) how Si affects the plant functioning to reduce Cr toxicity, 4) how Si can cause immobilization, compartmentation, and co-precipitation 5) strategies to improve Si accumulation in plants to counter Cr toxicity. We also discussed the knowledge gaps and future research needs. The present review reports up-to-date knowledge about the role of Si to mitigate Cr toxicity and it will help to get better crop productivity in Cr-contaminated soils. The findings of the current review will educate the readers on Si functions in reducing Cr toxicity and will offer new ideas to develop Cr tolerance in plants through the use of Si.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umair Hassan
- Research Center Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Wang Lihong
- College of Tourism and Geographic Science, Baicheng Normal University, Baicheng, Jilin, China.
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 62400, Pakistan
| | - Basharat Ali
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 62400, Pakistan
| | - Haiying Tang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, 417000, China
| | - Adnan Rasheed
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Muhammad Zain
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Fatmah M Alqahtani
- King Khalid University, College of Science, Department of Biology, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Hashem
- King Khalid University, College of Science, Department of Biology, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameer H Qari
- Department of Biology, Al-Jumum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abbu Zaid
- Department of Botany, Govt. Gandhi Memorial Science College, Cluster University, Canal Road, 180001, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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Zhou C, Miao P, Dong Q, Li D, Pan C. Multiomics Explore the Detoxification Mechanism of Nanoselenium and Melatonin on Bensulfuron Methyl in Wheat Plants. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:3958-3972. [PMID: 38363203 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Combining nanoselenium (nano-Se) and melatonin (MT) was more effective than treatment alone against abiotic stress. However, their combined application mitigated the toxic effects of bensulfuron methyl, and enhanced wheat growth and metabolism has not been studied. Metabolomics and proteomics revealed that combining nano-Se and MT markedly activated phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways, elevating the flavonoid (quercetin by 33.5 and 39.8%) and phenolic acid (vanillic acid by 38.8 and 48.7%) levels in leaves and roots of wheat plants. Interstingly, beneficial rhizosphere bacteria in their combination increased (Oxalobacteraceae, Nocardioidaceae, and Xanthomonadaceae), which positively correlated with the enhancement of soil urease and fluorescein diacetate enzyme activity (27.0 and 26.9%) and the allelopathic substance levels. To summarize, nano-Se and MT mitigate the adverse effects of bensulfuron methyl by facilitating interactions between the phenylpropane metabolism of the plant and the beneficial microbial community. The findings provide a theoretical basis for using nano-Se and MT to remediate herbicide-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunran Zhou
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Peijuan Miao
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinyong Dong
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Li
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Canping Pan
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
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Iqbal S, Hussain M, Sadiq S, Seleiman MF, Sarkhosh A, Chater JM, Shahid MA. Silicon nanoparticles confer hypoxia tolerance in citrus rootstocks by modulating antioxidant activities and carbohydrate metabolism. Heliyon 2024; 10:e22960. [PMID: 38163208 PMCID: PMC10756966 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Citrus is a remarkable fruit crop, extremely sensitive to flooding conditions, which frequently trigger hypoxia stress and cause severe damage to citrus plants. Silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) are beneficial and have the potential to overcome this problem. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of silicon nanoparticles to overcome hypoxia stress through modulating antioxidant enzyme activity and carbohydrate metabolism. Three citrus rootstocks (Carrizo citrange, Roubidoux, and Rich 16-6) were exposed to flooding (with and without oxygen) through different SiNP treatments via foliar and root zone. SiNPs applied treatment plants showed a significant increase in photosynthesis, leaf greenness, antioxidant enzymes, and carbohydrate metabolic activities, besides the higher accumulation of proline and glycine betaine. The rate of lipid peroxidation was drastically higher in flooded plants; however, SiNPs application reduced it significantly, ultimately reducing oxidative damage. Overall, Rich16-6 rootstock showed good performance via root zone application compared to other rootstocks, possibly due to genotypical variation in silicon uptake. Our outcomes demonstrate that SiNPs significantly affect plant growth during hypoxia stress conditions, and their use is an optimal strategy to overcome this issue. This study laid the foundation for future research to use at the commercial level to overcome hypoxia stress and a potential platform for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Iqbal
- Horticultural Science Department, North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida/IFAS, Quincy, FL, 32351, USA
| | - Mujahid Hussain
- Horticultural Science Department, North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida/IFAS, Quincy, FL, 32351, USA
| | - Saleha Sadiq
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Mahmoud F. Seleiman
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O.Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Sarkhosh
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - John M. Chater
- Horticultural Science Department, Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida/IFAS, Lake Alfred, FL, 33850, USA
| | - Muhammad Adnan Shahid
- Horticultural Science Department, North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida/IFAS, Quincy, FL, 32351, USA
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Ahmad W, Coffman L, Weerasooriya AD, Crawford K, Khan AL. The silicon regulates microbiome diversity and plant defenses during cold stress in Glycine max L. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1280251. [PMID: 38269137 PMCID: PMC10805835 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1280251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Introduction With climate change, frequent exposure of bioenergy and food crops, specifically soybean (Glycine max L.), to low-temperature episodes is a major obstacle in maintaining sustainable plant growth at early growth stages. Silicon (Si) is a quasi-essential nutrient that can help to improve stress tolerance; however, how Si and a combination of cold stress episodes influence plant growth, plant physiology, and microbiome diversity has yet to be fully discovered. Methods The soybean plants were exposed to cold stress (8-10°C) with or without applying Si, and the different plant organs (shoot and root) and rhizospheric soil were subjected to microbiome analysis. The plant growth, physiology, and gene expression analysis of plant defenses during stress and Si were investigated. Results and discussion We showed that cold stress significantly retarded soybean plants' growth and biomass, whereas, Si-treated plants showed ameliorated negative impacts on plant growth at early seedling stages. The beneficial effects of Si were also evident from significantly reduced antioxidant activities - suggesting lower cold-induced oxidative stress. Interestingly, Si also downregulated critical genes of the abscisic acid pathway and osmotic regulation (9-cis-epoxy carotenoid dioxygenase and dehydration-responsive element binding protein) during cold stress. Si positively influenced alpha and beta diversities of bacterial and fungal microbiomes with or without cold stress. Results showed significant variation in microbiome composition in the rhizosphere (root and soil) and phyllosphere (shoot) in Si-treated plants with or without cold stress exposures. Among microbiome phyla, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, and Ascomycota were significantly more abundant in Si treatments in cold stress than in control conditions. For the core microbiome, we identified 179 taxa, including 88 unique bacterial genera in which Edaphobacter, Haliangium, and Streptomyces were highly abundant. Enhanced extracellular enzyme activities in the cold and Si+cold treatments, specifically phosphatase and glucosidases, also reflected the microbiome abundance. In conclusion, this work elucidates cold-mediated changes in microbiome diversity and plant growth, including the positive impact Si can have on cold tolerance at early soybean growth stages - a step toward understanding crop productivity and stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqar Ahmad
- Department of Engineering Technology, Cullen College of Engineering, University of Houston, Sugar Land, TX, United States
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Science & Mathematics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Lauryn Coffman
- Department of Engineering Technology, Cullen College of Engineering, University of Houston, Sugar Land, TX, United States
| | - Aruna D Weerasooriya
- Cooperative Agricultural Research Center, College of Agriculture & Human Sciences, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX, United States
| | - Kerri Crawford
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Science & Mathematics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Abdul Latif Khan
- Department of Engineering Technology, Cullen College of Engineering, University of Houston, Sugar Land, TX, United States
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Science & Mathematics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
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Pandey P, Tripathi A, Dwivedi S, Lal K, Jhang T. Deciphering the mechanisms, hormonal signaling, and potential applications of endophytic microbes to mediate stress tolerance in medicinal plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1250020. [PMID: 38034581 PMCID: PMC10684941 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1250020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The global healthcare market in the post-pandemic era emphasizes a constant pursuit of therapeutic, adaptogenic, and immune booster drugs. Medicinal plants are the only natural resource to meet this by supplying an array of bioactive secondary metabolites in an economic, greener and sustainable manner. Driven by the thrust in demand for natural immunity imparting nutraceutical and life-saving plant-derived drugs, the acreage for commercial cultivation of medicinal plants has dramatically increased in recent years. Limited resources of land and water, low productivity, poor soil fertility coupled with climate change, and biotic (bacteria, fungi, insects, viruses, nematodes) and abiotic (temperature, drought, salinity, waterlogging, and metal toxicity) stress necessitate medicinal plant productivity enhancement through sustainable strategies. Plants evolved intricate physiological (membrane integrity, organelle structural changes, osmotic adjustments, cell and tissue survival, reclamation, increased root-shoot ratio, antibiosis, hypersensitivity, etc.), biochemical (phytohormones synthesis, proline, protein levels, antioxidant enzymes accumulation, ion exclusion, generation of heat-shock proteins, synthesis of allelochemicals. etc.), and cellular (sensing of stress signals, signaling pathways, modulating expression of stress-responsive genes and proteins, etc.) mechanisms to combat stresses. Endophytes, colonizing in different plant tissues, synthesize novel bioactive compounds that medicinal plants can harness to mitigate environmental cues, thus making the agroecosystems self-sufficient toward green and sustainable approaches. Medicinal plants with a host set of metabolites and endophytes with another set of secondary metabolites interact in a highly complex manner involving adaptive mechanisms, including appropriate cellular responses triggered by stimuli received from the sensors situated on the cytoplasm and transmitting signals to the transcriptional machinery in the nucleus to withstand a stressful environment effectively. Signaling pathways serve as a crucial nexus for sensing stress and establishing plants' proper molecular and cellular responses. However, the underlying mechanisms and critical signaling pathways triggered by endophytic microbes are meager. This review comprehends the diversity of endophytes in medicinal plants and endophyte-mediated plant-microbe interactions for biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in medicinal plants by understanding complex adaptive physiological mechanisms and signaling cascades involving defined molecular and cellular responses. Leveraging this knowledge, researchers can design specific microbial formulations that optimize plant health, increase nutrient uptake, boost crop yields, and support a resilient, sustainable agricultural system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Pandey
- Microbial Technology Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Division of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resource Conservation, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
| | - Arpita Tripathi
- Microbial Technology Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Faculty of Education, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, India
| | - Shweta Dwivedi
- Division of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resource Conservation, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Kanhaiya Lal
- Division of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resource Conservation, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Tripta Jhang
- Division of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resource Conservation, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
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Uddin M, Bhat UH, Singh S, Singh S, Chishti AS, Khan MMA. Combined application of SiO 2 and TiO 2 nanoparticles enhances growth characters, physiological attributes and essential oil production of Coleus aromatics Benth. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21646. [PMID: 38058652 PMCID: PMC10695843 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have gained considerable interest among researchers in the field of plant biology, particularly in the agricultural sector. Among the numerous NPs, the individual application of silicon (Si) or titanium (Ti), in their oxide forms, had a positive influence on growth, physiochemical and yield attributes of plants. However, the synergetic application of both these NPs has not been studied yet. Therefore, the current study was aimed to investigate the effect of combined application of silicon dioxide (SiO2) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) NPs on the growth characters, physiological parameters, and essential oil quality and production of Coleus aromatics Benth. Aqueous solutions of nanoparticles were applied to the foliage of the plants at varying combinations (Si50+Ti50, Si100+Ti50, Si100+Ti100, Si200+Ti100, Si100+Ti200 and Si200+Ti200 mg L-1). Various morpho-physiological, biochemical and yield attributes were assessed at 120 days after planting. The results demonstrated that both Si and Ti NPs improved the growth and photosynthetic efficiency in a dose dependent manner. The best results were obtained by the combined application of Si100+Ti100 mg L-1, and thereafter, the values declined progressively. The maximum improvement in fresh weight (39.5 %) and dry weight (40.8 %) of shoot, fresh weight (45.7 %) and dry weight (49.4 %) of root was observed as compared to respective controls. Moreover, the exogenous application of Si100+Ti100 mg L-1 increased photosynthetic attributes such as total content of chlorophyll (41.7 %), carotenoids (43.7 %), chlorophyll fluorescence (7.1 %), and carbonic anhydrase (23.8 %). All of these contributed to the highest accumulation in the content (129.0 %) and yield (215.5 %) of essential oil (EO), in comparison to the control. Thus, results encouraged the use of SiO2 and TiO2 NPs to be applied in combined form to boost the essential oil production of Coleus aromaticus. The findings of this study may serve agronomists to determine the optimal concentrations of NPs for enhanced production of bioactive compounds with a wide range of industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moin Uddin
- Botany section, Women's College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, India
| | - Urooj Hassan Bhat
- Advanced Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, India
| | - Sarika Singh
- Advanced Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, India
| | - Sangram Singh
- Advanced Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, India
| | - Aman Sobia Chishti
- Advanced Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, India
| | - M. Masroor A. Khan
- Advanced Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, India
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Naeem M, Gill R, Gill SS, Singh K, Sofo A, Tuteja N. Editorial: Emerging contaminants and their effect on agricultural crops. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1296252. [PMID: 37941663 PMCID: PMC10628685 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1296252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Naeem
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Ritu Gill
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | | | - Kashmir Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Adriano Sofo
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - Narendra Tuteja
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
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Mukarram M, Petrik P, Mushtaq Z, Khan MMA, Gulfishan M, Lux A. Silicon nanoparticles in higher plants: Uptake, action, stress tolerance, and crosstalk with phytohormones, antioxidants, and other signalling molecules. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 310:119855. [PMID: 35940485 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Silicon is absorbed as uncharged mono-silicic acid by plant roots through passive absorption of Lsi1, an influx transporter belonging to the aquaporin protein family. Lsi2 then actively effluxes silicon from root cells towards the xylem from where it is exported by Lsi6 for silicon distribution and accumulation to other parts. Recently, it was proposed that silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) might share a similar route for their uptake and transport. SiNPs then initiate a cascade of morphophysiological adjustments that improve the plant physiology through regulating the expression of many photosynthetic genes and proteins along with photosystem I (PSI) and PSII assemblies. Subsequent improvement in photosynthetic performance and stomatal behaviour correspond to higher growth, development, and productivity. On many occasions, SiNPs have demonstrated a protective role during stressful environments by improving plant-water status, source-sink potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism, and enzymatic profile. The present review comprehensively discusses the crop improvement potential of SiNPs stretching their role during optimal and abiotic stress conditions including salinity, drought, temperature, heavy metals, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Moreover, in the later section of this review, we offered the understanding that most of these upgrades can be explained by SiNPs intricate correspondence with phytohormones, antioxidants, and signalling molecules. SiNPs can modulate the endogenous phytohormones level such as abscisic acid (ABA), auxins (IAAs), cytokinins (CKs), ethylene (ET), gibberellins (GAs), and jasmonic acid (JA). Altered phytohormones level affects plant growth, development, and productivity at various organ and tissue levels. Similarly, SiNPs regulate the activities of catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle leading to an upgraded defence system. At the cellular and subcellular levels, SiNPs crosstalk with various signalling molecules such as Ca2+, K+, Na+, nitric oxide (NO), ROS, soluble sugars, and transcription factors (TFs) was also explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mukarram
- Advance Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India; Department of Integrated Forest and Landscape Protection, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 24, 96001, Zvolen, Slovakia.
| | - Peter Petrik
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zeenat Mushtaq
- Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - M Masroor A Khan
- Advance Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Mohd Gulfishan
- Glocal School of Agricultural Science, Glocal University, Saharanpur, 247121, India
| | - Alexander Lux
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovicova 6, Bratislava, Slovakia; Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, Bratislava, Slovakia
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12
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Impact of 24-epibrassinolide, spermine, and silicon on plant growth, antioxidant defense systems, and osmolyte accumulation of maize under water stress. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14648. [PMID: 36030324 PMCID: PMC9420132 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18229-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of triad application of the phytohormone 24-epibrassinolide (EBL), the polyamine spermine (Spm), and the element silicon (Si) has not yet been considered on plant growth and behavior in water-stressed conditions. We aimed to evaluate the impact of single/dual/triad application of 24-epibrassinolide (EBL), spermine (Spm), and silicon (Si) on the growth, photosynthetic metabolites, and antioxidant enzymes in the maize plant exposed to water stress. This study was conducted as a potential drought resistance system and plants' maintenance against oxidative damage. In this regard, one maize hybrid (Paya) was grown under well-watered and water-deficit conditions (interrupted irrigation at the flowering and the filling seed stages) with and without foliar spraying of EBL, Spm, and/or Si. Drought conditions remarkably reduced growth, productivity, water-related content (RWC), and chlorophyll content. However, the dual and triad applications of EBL (0.1 mg L-1), Spm (25 mg L-1), and Si (7 mg L-1) significantly improved the above parameters. Water stress considerably augmented the levels of H2O2 and MDA. Their content in stress-subjected plants was significantly reduced by triad application. In water-stressed circumstances and after foliar treatments, the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase as well as the amounts of total soluble proteins, phenolic compounds, proline, and glycine betaine all improved. Overall, triad application increased the plant's drought resistance and diminished ROS accumulation by raising the scavenging via the enhanced activity of the antioxidant enzymes.
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Han Y, Yang R, Wang Q, Wang B, Prusky D. Sodium silicate promotes wound healing by inducing the deposition of suberin polyphenolic and lignin in potato tubers. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:942022. [PMID: 36092440 PMCID: PMC9453558 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.942022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is a postharvest characteristic of potato tubers through accumulating suberin and lignin, which could reduce decay and water loss during storage. This study aimed to explore the impact and mechanisms of sodium silicate on wound healing of potatoes. After being wounded, "Atlantic" potato tubers were treated with water or 50 mM sodium silicate. The results showed that sodium silicate treatment accelerated the formation of wound healing structures and significantly reduced the weight loss and disease index of tubers. Furthermore, sodium silicate induced the genes expression and enzyme activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), 4-coumarate: coenzyme A ligase (4CL), and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) involved in the phenylpropane metabolism, enhancing the synthesis of the main precursors of suberin polyphenolic (SPP) and lignin, such as coniferyl alcohol, sinapyl alcohol, and cinnamyl alcohol. Meanwhile, the gene expression of StPOD and StNOX was activated, and the production of O2- and H2O2 was promoted, which could be used for injury signal transmission and oxidative crosslinking of SPP monomers and lignin precursors. Besides, antimicrobial compounds, total phenolics, and flavonoids were also induced. We suggest that sodium silicate could promote wound healing by inducing the deposition of SPP, lignin, and antimicrobial compounds in potato tubers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Han
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ruirui Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qihui Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bin Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dov Prusky
- Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Produce, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion, Israel
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14
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Lyu J, Jin N, Meng X, Jin L, Wang S, Xiao X, Liu Z, Tang Z, Yu J. Exogenous silicon alleviates the adverse effects of cinnamic acid-induced autotoxicity stress on cucumber seedling growth. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:968514. [PMID: 36035700 PMCID: PMC9399776 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.968514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Autotoxicity is a key factor that leads to obstacles in continuous cropping systems. Although Si is known to improve plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, little is known about its role in regulating leaf water status, mineral nutrients, nitrogen metabolism, and root morphology of cucumber under autotoxicity stress. Here, we used cucumber seeds (Cucumis sativus L. cv. "Xinchun No. 4") to evaluate how exogenous Si (1 mmol L-1) affected the leaf water status, mineral nutrient uptake, N metabolism-related enzyme activities, root morphology, and shoot growth of cucumber seedlings under 0.8 mmol L-1 CA-induced autotoxicity stress. We found that CA-induced autotoxicity significantly reduced the relative water content and water potential of leaves and increase their cell sap concentration. CA-induced stress also inhibited the absorption of major (N, P, K, Ca, Mg) and trace elements (Fe, Mn, Zn). However, exogenous Si significantly improved the leaf water status (relative water content and water potential) of cucumber leaves under CA-induced stress. Exogenous Si also promoted the absorption of mineral elements by seedlings under CA-induced stress and alleviated the CA-induced inhibition of N metabolism-related enzyme activities (including nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, glutamine synthetase, glutamate synthase, glutamate dehydrogenase). Moreover, exogenous Si improved N uptake and utilization, promoted root morphogenesis, and increased the growth indexes of cucumber seedlings under CA-induced stress. Our findings have far-reaching implications for overcoming the obstacles to continuous cropping in cucumber cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lyu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ning Jin
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xin Meng
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Li Jin
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shuya Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuemei Xiao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zeci Liu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhongqi Tang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jihua Yu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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15
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Chen H, Wu Q, Ni M, Chen C, Han C, Yu F. Transcriptome Analysis of Endogenous Hormone Response Mechanism in Roots of Styrax tonkinensis Under Waterlogging. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:896850. [PMID: 35734248 PMCID: PMC9208659 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.896850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
As a promising oil species, Styrax tonkinensis has great potential as a biofuel due to an excellent fatty acid composition. However, frequent flooding caused by global warming and the low tolerance of the species to waterlogging largely halted its expansion in waterlogged areas. To explore endogenous hormones and phytohormone-related molecular response mechanism of S. tonkinensis under waterlogging, we determined 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) and three phytohormone content (ABA, abscisic acid; SA, salicylic acid; IAA, indole-3-acetic acid) and analyzed the transcriptome of its seedlings under waterlogged condition of 3-5 cm. The sample collecting time was 0, 9, 24, and 72 h, respectively. It was concluded that ACC presented an upward trend, but other plant hormones showed a downward trend from 0 to 72 h under waterlogging stress. A total of 84,601 unigenes were assembled with a total length of 81,389,823 bp through transcriptome analysis. The GO enrichment analysis of total differentially expressed genes (DEGs) revealed that 4,637 DEGs, 8,238 DEGs, and 7,146 DEGs were assigned into three main GO functional categories in 9 vs. 0 h, 24 vs. 0 h, and 72 vs. 0 h, respectively. We also discovered several DEGs involved in phytohormone synthesis pathway and plant hormone signaling pathway. It was concluded that the decreased transcription of PYL resulted in the weak ABA signal transduction pathway. Moreover, decreased SA content caused by the low-expressed PAL might impact the resistance of S. tonkinensis seedlings under waterlogging stress. Our research may provide a scientific basis for the understanding of the endogenous hormone response mechanism of S. tonkinensis to waterlogging and lay a foundation for further exploration of the waterlogging defect resistance genes of S. tonkinensis and improving its resistance to waterlogging stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forest Science, Nanjing Forestry University (NJFU), Nanjing, China
| | - Qikui Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forest Science, Nanjing Forestry University (NJFU), Nanjing, China
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Ming Ni
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forest Science, Nanjing Forestry University (NJFU), Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forest Science, Nanjing Forestry University (NJFU), Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Han
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forest Science, Nanjing Forestry University (NJFU), Nanjing, China
| | - Fangyuan Yu
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forest Science, Nanjing Forestry University (NJFU), Nanjing, China
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16
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Mir RA, Bhat BA, Yousuf H, Islam ST, Raza A, Rizvi MA, Charagh S, Albaqami M, Sofi PA, Zargar SM. Multidimensional Role of Silicon to Activate Resilient Plant Growth and to Mitigate Abiotic Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:819658. [PMID: 35401625 PMCID: PMC8984490 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.819658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable agricultural production is critically antagonistic by fluctuating unfavorable environmental conditions. The introduction of mineral elements emerged as the most exciting and magical aspect, apart from the novel intervention of traditional and applied strategies to defend the abiotic stress conditions. The silicon (Si) has ameliorating impacts by regulating diverse functionalities on enhancing the growth and development of crop plants. Si is categorized as a non-essential element since crop plants accumulate less during normal environmental conditions. Studies on the application of Si in plants highlight the beneficial role of Si during extreme stressful conditions through modulation of several metabolites during abiotic stress conditions. Phytohormones are primary plant metabolites positively regulated by Si during abiotic stress conditions. Phytohormones play a pivotal role in crop plants' broad-spectrum biochemical and physiological aspects during normal and extreme environmental conditions. Frontline phytohormones include auxin, cytokinin, ethylene, gibberellin, salicylic acid, abscisic acid, brassinosteroids, and jasmonic acid. These phytohormones are internally correlated with Si in regulating abiotic stress tolerance mechanisms. This review explores insights into the role of Si in enhancing the phytohormone metabolism and its role in maintaining the physiological and biochemical well-being of crop plants during diverse abiotic stresses. Moreover, in-depth information about Si's pivotal role in inducing abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants through metabolic and molecular modulations is elaborated. Furthermore, the potential of various high throughput technologies has also been discussed in improving Si-induced multiple stress tolerance. In addition, a special emphasis is engrossed in the role of Si in achieving sustainable agricultural growth and global food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakeeb Ahmad Mir
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, India
| | | | - Henan Yousuf
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, India
| | | | - Ali Raza
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute, Center of Legume Crop Genetics and Systems Biology/College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | | | - Sidra Charagh
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mohammed Albaqami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parvaze A. Sofi
- Division of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Sajad Majeed Zargar
- Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir (SKUAST-K), Srinagar, India
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