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Field R, Pourkazemi F, Hashempur MH, Thiruvengadam M, Rooney K. Editorial: Diet, nutrition, and functional foods for chronic pain. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1456706. [PMID: 39328463 PMCID: PMC11424929 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1456706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rowena Field
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Fereshteh Pourkazemi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mohammad Hashem Hashempur
- Department of Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Applied Bioscience, College of Life and Environmental Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kieron Rooney
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Johnston KJ, Signer R, Huckins LM. Chronic Overlapping Pain Conditions and Nociplastic Pain. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2023.06.27.23291959. [PMID: 38766033 PMCID: PMC11100847 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.27.23291959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Chronic Overlapping Pain Conditions (COPCs) are a subset of chronic pain conditions commonly comorbid with one another and more prevalent in women and assigned female at birth (AFAB) individuals. Pain experience in these conditions may better fit with a new mechanistic pain descriptor, nociplastic pain, and nociplastic type pain may represent a shared underlying factor among COPCs. We applied GenomicSEM common-factor genome wide association study (GWAS) and multivariate transcriptome-wide association (TWAS) analyses to existing GWAS output for six COPCs in order to find genetic variation associated with nociplastic type pain, followed by genetic correlation (linkage-disequilibrium score regression), gene-set and tissue enrichment analyses. We found 24 independent single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and 127 unique genes significantly associated with nociplastic type pain, and showed nociplastic type pain to be a polygenic trait with significant SNP-heritability. We found significant genetic overlap between multisite chronic pain and nociplastic type pain, and to a smaller extent with rheumatoid arthritis and a neuropathic pain phenotype. Tissue enrichment analyses highlighted cardiac and thyroid tissue, and gene set enrichment analyses emphasized potential shared mechanisms in cognitive, personality, and metabolic traits and nociplastic type pain along with distinct pathology in migraine and headache. We use a well-powered network approach to investigate nociplastic type pain using existing COPC GWAS output, and show nociplastic type pain to be a complex, heritable trait, in addition to contributing to understanding of potential mechanisms in development of nociplastic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keira J.A. Johnston
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Rebecca Signer
- Department of Genetic and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY 10029, USA
| | - Laura M. Huckins
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
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Dai Y, Chen Y, Gu R, Zhang C, Jiang R. Causal association of polyunsaturated fatty acids with chronic pain: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1265928. [PMID: 37743908 PMCID: PMC10512421 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1265928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Observational studies have indicated an association between polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and chronic pain, but the potential causal link remains controversial. Here, we aimed to investigate whether a causal relationship exists between the concentration of circulating PUFAs and chronic pain as well as the direction of this association. Methods We collected statistical data from relevant genome-wide association studies to explore the causal link between four PUFAs, along with the ratio of omega-6 fatty acids (FAs) to omega-3 FAs (omega-6:3 ratio), and chronic pain in eight specific body parts. We used the inverse-variance weighting (IVW) method for two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis and conducted supplementary analyses using four other methods (MR-Egger, weighted median, weighted mode, and simple mode). To verify the robustness of the MR study, we performed multiple sensitivity analyses. Results The results revealed a negative correlation between omega-3 FAs [IVW, OR 95% CI: 0.952 (0.914, 0.991), p = 0.017] and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) [IVW, OR 95% CI: 0.935 (0.893, 0.978), p = 0.003] with abnormal and pelvic pain. Furthermore, a positive correlation was observed between the omega-6:3 ratio [IVW, OR 95% CI: 1.057 (1.014, 1.101), p = 0.009] with abdominal and pelvic pain. Additionally, we found a negative correlation between omega-3 FAs [IVW, OR 95% CI: 0.947 (0.902, 0.994), p = 0.028] and lower back pain or sciatica. However, no causal relationship was found between the concentration of circulating PUFAs and pain in other body parts, including the face, throat and chest, joints, limbs, lower back, and gynecological parts. The robustness of these MR results was verified through multi-validity and retention method analyses. Conclusion Our analysis suggests that higher circulating concentrations of omega-3 FAs and DHA and a lower omega-6:3 ratio are associated with a reduced risk of abdominal and pelvic pain. Additionally, a higher concentration of circulating omega-3 FAs is linked to a reduced risk of lower back pain and/or sciatica. These findings have major implications for the targeted prevention and treatment of chronic pain using PUFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Dai
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rui Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Rui Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Bułdyś K, Górnicki T, Kałka D, Szuster E, Biernikiewicz M, Markuszewski L, Sobieszczańska M. What Do We Know about Nociplastic Pain? Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1794. [PMID: 37372912 PMCID: PMC10298569 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11121794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nociplastic pain is a recently distinguished type of pain, distinct from neuropathic and nociceptive pain, and is well described in the literature. It is often mistaken for central sensitization. Pathophysiology has not been clearly established with regard to alteration of the concentration of spinal fluid elements, the structure of the white and gray matter of the brain, and psychological aspects. Many different diagnostic tools, i.e., the painDETECT and Douleur Neuropathique 4 questionnaires, have been developed to diagnose neuropathic pain, but they can also be applied for nociplastic pain; however, more standardized instruments are still needed in order to assess its occurrence and clinical presentation. Numerous studies have shown that nociplastic pain is present in many different diseases such as fibromyalgia, complex regional pain syndrome type 1, and irritable bowel syndrome. Current pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatments for nociceptive and neuropathic pain are not entirely suitable for treating nociplastic pain. There is an ongoing effort to establish the most efficient way to manage it. The significance of this field has led to several clinical trials being carried out in a short time. The aim of this narrative review was to discuss the currently available evidence on pathophysiology, associated diseases, treatment possibilities, and clinical trials. It is important that physicians widely discuss and acknowledge this relatively new concept in order to provide optimized pain control for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kacper Bułdyś
- Faculty of Medical Sciences and Health Sciences, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, 26-600 Radom, Poland
| | - Tomasz Górnicki
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dariusz Kałka
- Faculty of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland
- Men’s Health Centre in Wrocław, 53-151 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Szuster
- Cardiosexology Students Club, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Leszek Markuszewski
- Faculty of Medical Sciences and Health Sciences, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, 26-600 Radom, Poland
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Jin MY, Everett ES, Abd-Elsayed A. Microbiological and Physiological Effects of Pain. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2023; 27:165-173. [PMID: 37086365 PMCID: PMC10122082 DOI: 10.1007/s11916-023-01114-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Pain is an important innate defense mechanism that can dramatically alter a person's quality of life. Understanding the microbiological and physiological effects of pain may be important in the pursuit of novel pain interventions. The three descriptors of pain recognized by the International Association for the Study of Pain are nociceptive, neuropathic, and nociplastic pain. Our review examined the current understanding of all three pain types, focusing on the key molecules involved in the manifestation of each type as well as physiological effects. Additionally, we compared the differences in painful and painless neuropathies and discussed the neuroimmune interaction involved in the manifestation of pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Y Jin
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Erin S Everett
- Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Alaa Abd-Elsayed
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
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Sanders AE, Weatherspoon ED, Ehrmann BM, Soma PS, Shaikh SR, Preisser JS, Ohrbach R, Fillingim RB, Slade GD. Circulating Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Pain Intensity in Five Chronic Pain Conditions. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2023; 24:478-489. [PMID: 36273777 PMCID: PMC9991951 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2022.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Pain intensity is well-known to be influenced by a wide range of biobehavioral variables. Nutritional factors, however, have not been generally considered for their potential importance. This cross-sectional study examined associations between erythrocyte omega-6 (n-6) and omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and pain intensity in 605 adults. Pain intensity was computed on a 0 to 100 numeric rating scale from questions about 5 chronic pain conditions: orofacial pain, headache, low back pain, irritable bowel syndrome, and bodily pain. For each pain condition, multiple linear regression tested the hypothesis that a higher ratio of n-6 arachidonic acid to the sum of n-3 eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (AA/(EPA+DHA) was associated with greater pain intensity. In covariate-adjusted analysis, orofacial pain intensity increased 5.7 points (95% CI: 1.4, 9.9) per unit increase in n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio. Likewise, a 1 unit increase in n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio was associated with significant increases in pain intensity (range 5-8 points) of headache pain, low back pain, and bodily pain, but not abdominal pain. Separate multiple linear regression models investigated the independent strength of association of individual PUFAs to the intensity of each pain condition. Overall, n-3 docosahexaenoic acid was most strongly, and inversely, associated with pain intensity. PERSPECTIVE: A higher ratio of n-6/n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids was associated greater pain intensity for orofacial pain, headache, low back pain, and bodily pain, but not abdominal pain. The n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio was more consistently associated with pain intensity than any individual constituent of the long-chain PUFA ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne E Sanders
- Division of Pediatric and Public Health, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
| | - E Diane Weatherspoon
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Brandie M Ehrmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Paul S Soma
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Saame R Shaikh
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health and School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - John S Preisser
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Richard Ohrbach
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Roger B Fillingim
- Department of Community Dentistry and Behavioral Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Pain Research and Intervention Center of Excellence, Department of Community Dentistry and Behavioral Science, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Gary D Slade
- Division of Pediatric and Public Health, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Soma PS, Ehrmann BM, Slade GD, Sanders AE, Weatherspoon ED. Dataset linking free polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations in erythrocytes with chronic pain conditions in adults. Data Brief 2022; 46:108802. [PMID: 36561927 PMCID: PMC9764200 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2022.108802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and lipid mediators were extracted from human red blood cells and quantified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The method encompassed 13 different PUFAs and lipid mediators, however, due to instrument capability only five were confidently quantified (EPA, ALA, AA, DHA, and LA). The extraction focused on free polyunsaturated fatty acids since they have a strong correlation with health in humans. The study design was a secondary analysis of the OPPERA-2 study of chronic overlapping pain conditions in adults. The data included are: a) raw LC-MS/MS data (.raw); b) processed data (.xlsx) including chromatographic peak area for each compound and a concentration (ng/mL) based on external calibration with internal standardization using pure analytical grade standards and heavy-isotope labeled internal standards; c) study participant demographics and phenotypes (.xlsx). This dataset consisting of circulating PUFA quantities measured in 605 humans has been made publicly available for analysis and interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul S. Soma
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Brandie M. Ehrmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Gary D. Slade
- Division of Pediatric and Public Health, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Anne E. Sanders
- Division of Pediatric and Public Health, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - E. Diane Weatherspoon
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States,Corresponding author. @DianeW_Chem
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