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Peprah P, Oduro MS, Boakye PA, Morgan AK. Association between breakfast skipping and psychosomatic symptoms among Canadian adolescents. Eur J Pediatr 2024; 183:1607-1617. [PMID: 38183436 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-05392-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the mediating roles of gender and substance use in the influence of breakfast skipping on psychosomatic symptoms. The study used data among a nationally-representative sample of 2855 Canadian adolescents who participated in the 2018 Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey. Sequential logistic regressions were used to estimate the associations between breakfast skipping and psychosomatic symptoms. Path analysis using a non-parametric bootstrapping technique tested the hypothesized mediating roles. Results showed that adolescents who skipped breakfast were 2.55 times more likely to report higher psychosomatic symptoms compared to non-breakfast skippers (AOR = 2.55; 95% CI = 1.75-3.82). The bootstrapping mediation models showed that breakfast skipping indirectly influenced psychosomatic symptoms through substance use and gender, accounting for 18.47% ( β = 0.0052, Boots 95% CI = 0.0025, 0.00730) and 10.70% ( β = 0.0091, Boots 95% CI = 0.0052, 0.0125), respectively, of the total effect. Our findings have important implications for targeted public and mental health interventions to address both breakfast skipping and psychosomatic symptoms among adolescents. Conclusion: The study compellingly underscores the significance of incorporating gender-specific factors and substance use in understanding the correlation between breakfast skipping and psychosomatic symptoms. These insights hold importance for tailoring public health interventions to alleviate the prevalence of psychosomatic symptoms among adolescents by actively addressing breakfast skipping. What is Known: • Breakfast is considered the most important meal of the day due to its role in providing the brain with the energy necessary to enhance cognitive functions. • Adolescents commonly exhibit a prevalent lifestyle behaviour of skipping breakfast. What is New: • This study provides robust evidence supporting the association between breakfast skipping and elevated psychosomatic symptoms in adolescents. • Gender and substance use mediate this association, offering novel insights into the complex interplay that contributes to psychosomatic symptoms among this demographic group. • Longitudinal research is needed to unravel causal relationships and illuminate the underlying mechanisms of this intricate connection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prince Peprah
- Social Policy Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Primary Health Care and Equity, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Peter Ansah Boakye
- Department of Geography and Rural Development, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Anthony Kwame Morgan
- Department of Planning, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
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Machado SP, Bezerra IN, Silva MA, D’oran MHL, Cunha DB, Moreno LA, Sichieri R. Evolution of adolescents' dietary patterns in Northeast Brazil from 2008 to 2018. Rev Saude Publica 2024; 58:05. [PMID: 38381895 PMCID: PMC10878684 DOI: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2024058005090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the evolution of the dietary patterns of adolescents in the northeast region of Brazil. METHODS Secondary analysis of data from the Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares (POF - Household Budget Surveys), collected by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) in the years 2008-2009 and 2017-2018. A total of 3,095 adolescents were evaluated in 2008-2009 and 3,015 in 2017-2018. Food consumption was assessed using two dietary records in 2008-2009 and two 24-hour recalls in 2017-2018, applied on non-consecutive days. Based on these data, principal components factor analysis (PCFA) was performed, followed by orthogonal rotation of the varimax type, to derive dietary patterns, stratified by sex. The results were described as means or percentage frequencies, with their respective 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS Three main dietary patterns were identified among adolescents from the northeast region of Brazil. Among boys, in 2008-2009, the patterns were called snacks, traditional Brazilian, and coffee; and in 2017-2018, traditional Brazilian, snacks, and mixed, in this order of representativeness of the group's eating habits. Among female adolescents, in 2008-2009, the patterns were snacks, traditional Brazilian, and coffee; and in 2017-2018, traditional Brazilian, snacks, and processed meats. CONCLUSION The dietary patterns identified in 2008-2009 and 2017-2018 were similar in both genders; however, the snacks pattern, which explained most of the data variability in 2008-2009, was replaced by the traditional Brazilian.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraia Pinheiro Machado
- Universidade Estadual do CearáCentro de Ciências da SaúdeFortalezaCEBrazil Universidade Estadual do Ceará. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Ilana Nogueira Bezerra
- Universidade Estadual do CearáCentro de Ciências da SaúdeFortalezaCEBrazil Universidade Estadual do Ceará. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Mariane Alves Silva
- Universidade Federal de Mato GrossoFaculdade de NutriçãoCuiabáMTBrazil Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso. Faculdade de Nutrição. Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Maria Helena Lima D’oran
- Universidade Estadual do CearáCentro de Ciências da SaúdeFortalezaCEBrazil Universidade Estadual do Ceará. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Diana Barbosa Cunha
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroDepartamento de EpidemiologiaRio de JaneiroRJBrazil Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Departamento de Epidemiologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luis Alberto Moreno
- Universidad de ZaragozaFacultad de Ciencias de la SaludZaragozaSpain Universidad de Zaragoza. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rosely Sichieri
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroDepartamento de EpidemiologiaRio de JaneiroRJBrazil Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Departamento de Epidemiologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Colillas-Malet E, Bosque-Prous M, Esquius L, González-Casals H, Lafon-Guasch A, Fortes-Muñoz P, Espelt A, Aguilar-Martínez A. Relationship between Diet Quality and Socioeconomic and Health-Related Factors in Adolescents by Gender. Nutrients 2023; 16:139. [PMID: 38201968 PMCID: PMC10780370 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is a key period for consolidating heathy lifestyles and proper eating habits that can last into adulthood. To analyze the diet quality of Spanish adolescents and its association with socioeconomic factors and health behaviors by gender, a cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the DESKcohort project, consisting of a biannual panel survey on health, health behaviors, and associated determinants, collected in secondary education centers. The study population consisted of 7319 students aged 12 to 18 years. Data were collected from October 2019 to March 2020. The dependent variable was diet quality score according to the Spanish adaptation of the Healthy Eating Index (S-HEI). The independent variables included were socioeconomic factors and health behaviors. We conducted linear regression separately by gender. Diet quality score was significantly higher for girls than for boys (68 and 65, respectively, p < 0.001). For both genders, poorer diet quality was associated with a low level of physical activity [-0.9 (95% CI = -1.6:-0.2) in boys, -1.2 (95% CI = -1.9:-0.4) in girls], alcohol use [-2.5 (95% CI = -3.7:-1.3) in boys, -1.0 (95% CI = -1.9:0.0) in girls], poor self-perceived health [-1.1 (95% CI = -2.4:0.2) in boys, -3.5 (95% CI = -4.6:-2.4) in girls], and having attended Intermediate Level Training Cycles [-2.9 (95% CI = -4.3:-1.5) in boys, -1.9 (95% CI = -3.5:-0.3) in girls]. In girls, poorer diet quality also was associated with low mood [-1.1 (95% CI = -1.9:-0.3)]. The variance was 9% in boys and 12% in girls. Our results highlight the need to consider socioeconomic and health-related factors, as well as gender, when conducting interventions to promote healthy eating among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Colillas-Malet
- Epi4health Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences of Manresa, Universitat de Vic—Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVic-UCC), Av. Universitària 4-6, 08242 Manresa, Spain; (E.C.-M.); (H.G.-C.); (A.L.-G.); (A.E.)
| | - Marina Bosque-Prous
- Epi4health Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Rambla del Poblenou, 156, 08018 Barcelona, Spain; (M.B.-P.); (P.F.-M.)
- Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia en Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), C/de Ca n’Altayó s/n, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Laura Esquius
- Epi4health Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Rambla del Poblenou, 156, 08018 Barcelona, Spain; (M.B.-P.); (P.F.-M.)
| | - Helena González-Casals
- Epi4health Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences of Manresa, Universitat de Vic—Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVic-UCC), Av. Universitària 4-6, 08242 Manresa, Spain; (E.C.-M.); (H.G.-C.); (A.L.-G.); (A.E.)
- Centre d’Estudis Epidemiològics sobre les ITS i Sida de Catalunya (CEEISCAT), 08916 Badalona, Spain
- Fundació Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Aina Lafon-Guasch
- Epi4health Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences of Manresa, Universitat de Vic—Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVic-UCC), Av. Universitària 4-6, 08242 Manresa, Spain; (E.C.-M.); (H.G.-C.); (A.L.-G.); (A.E.)
- Epi4health Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Rambla del Poblenou, 156, 08018 Barcelona, Spain; (M.B.-P.); (P.F.-M.)
| | - Paula Fortes-Muñoz
- Epi4health Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Rambla del Poblenou, 156, 08018 Barcelona, Spain; (M.B.-P.); (P.F.-M.)
| | - Albert Espelt
- Epi4health Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences of Manresa, Universitat de Vic—Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVic-UCC), Av. Universitària 4-6, 08242 Manresa, Spain; (E.C.-M.); (H.G.-C.); (A.L.-G.); (A.E.)
- Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia en Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), C/de Ca n’Altayó s/n, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), C/Monforte de Lemos 3 Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Aguilar-Martínez
- Foodlab Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Rambla del Poblenou, 156, 08018 Barcelona, Spain;
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Shawon MSR, Jahan E, Rouf RR, Hossain FB. Psychological distress and unhealthy dietary behaviours among adolescents aged 12-15 years in nine South-East Asian countries: a secondary analysis of the Global School-Based Health Survey data. Br J Nutr 2022; 129:1-10. [PMID: 35856273 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522002306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
It is unclear whether there is any association between psychological distress and unhealthy dietary habits among adolescents in low- and middle-income countries. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of these factors in South-East Asia region and investigate their associations. We used data from the Global School-based Health Survey for nine South-East Asian countries. Psychological distress was defined by presence of ≥ 2 factors from loneliness, anxiety, suicide ideation, suicide planning and suicide attempt. We assessed inadequate fruit intake, inadequate vegetable intake, daily soft drink and weekly fast-food consumption. We used random-effects meta-analysis to estimate pooled prevalence. Logistic regressions were used to estimate OR of unhealthy dietary behaviours for psychological distress. Among 30 013 adolescents (56 % girls) aged 12-15 years, the prevalence of psychological distress was 11·0 %, with girls reporting slightly higher than boys (11·8 % v. 10·1 %). The prevalence of inadequate fruit intake, inadequate vegetable intake, daily soft drink consumption and weekly fast-food consumption was 42 %, 26 %, 40 % and 57 %, respectively. Psychological distress was associated with inadequate fruit intake (pooled OR = 1·20, 95 % CI 1·03, 1·40), inadequate vegetable intake (pooled OR = 1·17, 1·05, 1·31) and daily soft drink consumption (pooled OR = 1·14, 1·03, 1·26); but not with weekly fast-food consumption (pooled OR = 1·13, 0·96, 1·31). We observed substantial cross-country variations in prevalence and OR estimates. In conclusion, South-East Asian adolescents have significant burden of psychological distress and unhealthy dietary behaviours, with those having psychological distress are more likely to have unhealthy dietary behaviours. Our findings will guide preventative interventions and inform relevant policies around adolescent nutrition in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Esrat Jahan
- Department of Health Systems and Populations, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rashawan Raziur Rouf
- Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College, Sher-E-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Emerging and Neglected Diseases, Biomedical Research Foundation (BRF), Bangladesh
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Ra JS, Park M. Sex-Based Differences in Factors Associated With Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption Among Korean High School Students. Front Nutr 2022; 9:907922. [PMID: 35774547 PMCID: PMC9237550 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.907922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify sex-based differences in the individual and environmental factors associated with sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption among Korean high school students. Secondary data were obtained from the 15th (2019) Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey. In this study, we analyzed data from 13,066 high school students (5,874 boys and 7,192 girls) who answered questions regarding SSB consumption and individual and environmental factors. Complex sampling analysis (descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis) was conducted using the SPSS Statistics 26.0 software. Most adolescents (97% boys and 95.2% girls) reported having consumed SSBs in the last seven days. Individual factors, such as increased stress, sleep dissatisfaction, and fast-food intake (more than thrice a week) were positively associated with SSB consumption among adolescent boys and girls. Environmental factors like high education levels (above college) of mothers were negatively associated with SSB consumption among both boys and girls. Furthermore, current alcohol consumption, smoking, low vegetable intake (less than thrice a week) in boys, and more than 2 h a day of screen-based sedentary behavior in girls were positively associated with SSB consumption. According to the results, individual factors associated with SSB consumption varied according to the sex of adolescents. Thus, sex differences in factors associated with SSB consumption in adolescents should be considered as basic knowledge for developing strategies for reducing SSB consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Moonkyoung Park
- College of Nursing, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
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LeBlanc J, Ward S, LeBlanc CP. The Association Between Adolescents' Food Literacy, Vegetable and Fruit Consumption, and Other Eating Behaviors. HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2022; 49:603-612. [PMID: 35373626 PMCID: PMC9350450 DOI: 10.1177/10901981221086943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Adolescents’ intake of vegetables and fruits is generally low, and many
demonstrate unhealthy eating behaviors. Food literacy may be key to improving
adolescents’ nutrition. However, the relationship between food literacy, fruit
and vegetable intake, and other healthy eating behaviors remains unclear, as
well as how these relationships may differ among boys and girls. This study
assessed the relationship between food literacy (including food skills and
cooking skills), vegetable and fruit consumption, and other eating behaviors of
adolescents. This cross-sectional study included 1,054 students, including 467
boys and 570 girls from five francophone high schools in New Brunswick, Canada.
Quantitative data on students’ food and cooking skills, vegetable and fruit
consumption, and other eating behaviors were collected with a self-reported
questionnaire. Multilevel regressions were used to assess the relationship
between food literacy, students’ consumption of vegetables and fruits, and other
eating behaviors. Better cooking skills were associated with healthier eating
behaviors and greater vegetable and fruit consumption for boys and girls. Better
food skills were also associated with healthier eating behaviors and greater
vegetable and fruit consumption among both genders. These findings highlight the
importance of improving food literacy among adolescents. Public health
interventions should focus on increasing cooking and food skills to improve
adolescents’ nutrition.
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Pung CYY, Tan ST, Tan SS, Tan CX. Eating Behaviors among Online Learning Undergraduates during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182312820. [PMID: 34886546 PMCID: PMC8657465 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) has upended education systems. The pandemic switched traditional face-to-face classes to online classes. Poor eating behaviors in undergraduate students' lives may affect the well-being of their later stages of life. This study aimed to investigate the eating behaviors among online learning undergraduates during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 122 students were recruited. The results revealed more than half of the respondents (52.46%) skipped meals. Breakfast (46.72%) was the most skipped meal. The majority of the respondents (94.26%) snacked between meals. Biscuits (88.52%), bread (84.43%), and fruits (80.33%) were the most common snacked foods. Meal skipping was found to be associated with gender (χ2 = 6.83, p < 0.05). In the future, more health interventions program aimed to promote healthy eating behaviors among undergraduates are highly warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Yeong Ying Pung
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jalan Universiti Bandar Barat, Kampar 31900, Perak, Malaysia;
| | - Seok Tyug Tan
- Department of Healthcare Professional, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Management and Science University, University Drive, Off Persiaran Olahraga, Seksyen 13, Shah Alam 40100, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Seok Shin Tan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia;
| | - Chin Xuan Tan
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jalan Universiti Bandar Barat, Kampar 31900, Perak, Malaysia;
- Correspondence:
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