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Tong R, Li Y, Yu X, Zhang N, Liao Q, Pan L. The mechanism of reactive oxygen species generation, DNA damage and apoptosis in hemocytes of Litopenaeus vannamei under ammonia nitrogen exposure. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 272:106958. [PMID: 38776609 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Ammonia-N poses a significant threat to aquatic animals. However, the mechanism of ROS production leading to DNA damage in hemocytes of crustaceans is still unclear. Additionally, the mechanism that cells respond to DNA damage by activating complex signaling networks has not been well studied. Therefore, we exposed shrimp to 0, 2, 10, and 20 mg/L NH4Cl for 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h, and explored the alterations in endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial fission, DNA damage, repair, autophagy and apoptosis. The findings revealed that ammonia exposure led to an increase in plasma ammonia content and neurotransmitter content (DA, 5-HT, ACh), and significant changes in gene expression of PLC and Ca2+ levels. The expression of disulfide bond formation-related genes (PDI, ERO1) and mitochondrial fission-related genes (Drp1, FIS1) were significantly increased, and the unfolded protein response was initiated. Simultaneously, ammonia-N exposure leads to an increase in ROS levels in hemocytes, resulting in DNA damage. DNA repair and autophagy were considerably influenced by ammonia-N exposure, as evidenced by changes in DNA repair and autophagy-related genes in hemocytes. Subsequently, apoptosis was induced by ammonia-N exposure, and this activation was associated with a caspase-dependent pathway and caspase-independent pathway, ultimately leading to a decrease in total hemocytes count. Overall, we hypothesized that neurotransmitters in the plasma of shrimp after ammonia-N exposure bind to receptors on hemocytes membrane, causing endoplasmic reticulum stress through the PLC-IP3R-Ca2+ signaling pathway and leading to mitochondrial fission. Consequently, this process resulted in increased ROS levels, hindered DNA repair, suppressed autophagy, and activated apoptosis. These cascading effects ultimately led to a reduction in total hemocytes count. The present study provides a molecular support for the understanding of the detrimental toxicity of ammonia-N exposure to crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Tong
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yaobing Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xin Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Qilong Liao
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
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2
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Pfeifer GP, Jin SG. Methods and applications of genome-wide profiling of DNA damage and rare mutations. Nat Rev Genet 2024:10.1038/s41576-024-00748-4. [PMID: 38918545 DOI: 10.1038/s41576-024-00748-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
DNA damage is a threat to genome integrity and can be a cause of many human diseases, owing to either changes in the chemical structure of DNA or conversion of the damage into a mutation, that is, a permanent change in DNA sequence. Determining the exact positions of DNA damage and ensuing mutations in the genome are important for identifying mechanisms of disease aetiology when characteristic mutations are prevalent and probably causative in a particular disease. However, this approach is challenging particularly when levels of DNA damage are low, for example, as a result of chronic exposure to environmental agents or certain endogenous processes, such as the generation of reactive oxygen species. Over the past few years, a comprehensive toolbox of genome-wide methods has been developed for the detection of DNA damage and rare mutations at single-nucleotide resolution in mammalian cells. Here, we review and compare these methods, describe their current applications and discuss future research questions that can now be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerd P Pfeifer
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
| | - Seung-Gi Jin
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
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3
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Zhang X, Lin C, Hu H, Zhao W, Li G, Xia Y, Chen N. The Role and Mechanism of Ambra1-Mediated Mitophagy in TDCPP-Exposed Mouse Hippocampal Neurons. Neurochem Res 2024:10.1007/s11064-024-04160-6. [PMID: 38850437 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04160-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Tri(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate (TDCPP) is one of the most widely used organophosphorus flame retardants in consumer products. TDCPP has been confirmed to be neurotoxic, but its mechanism has not been clarified and may be related to mitophagy. AMBRA1 can promote neurological autophagy, but whether AMBRA1 is involved in the mechanism of TDCPP-induced neurotoxicity has not been elucidated. In this study, the optimal neuronal damage model was established by exposing mice hippocampal neurons to TDCPP. Furthermore, on the basis of this model, siRNA was used to knock down AMBRA1. Combined with qRT-PCR and Western blot techniques, we identified AMBRA1-mediated mitophagy-induced neuronal damage in vitro mechanism. The experimental results indicated that TDCPP treatment for 24 h led to a decrease in the cell viability of mouse hippocampal neurons, causing neuronal damage. Meanwhile, TDCPP exposure increased autophagy marker proteins p62 and LC3B, and down-regulated mitochondrial DNA ND1 damage and TOMM20 protein, suggesting that TDCPP exposure promoted mitophagy. In addition, TDCPP exposure led to changes in the expression of AMBRA1 and the key factors of mitophagy, FUNDC1, PINK1, and PARKIN, whereas mitophagy was inhibited after knockdown of AMBRA1. The research results indicated that exposure to TDCPP induced neuronal damage and promoted mitophagy. The mechanism may be that AMBRA1 promoted mitophagy in neuronal cells through the PARKIN-dependent/non-dependent pathway. This study revealed the toxic effects of TDCPP on the nervous system and its potential molecular mechanisms, which provided important clues for further understanding the mechanism of action of AMBAR1-mediated mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Zhang
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuzhi Lin
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hengfang Hu
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanlin Li
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Xia
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Nengzhou Chen
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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Cai Q, Wang Y, Ning Y, Jie G. "Two in one": A novel DNA cascade amplification strategy for trace detection of dual targets. Talanta 2024; 273:125978. [PMID: 38521021 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
According to the characteristics of DNA programming, the cascaded nucleic acid amplification technology with larger output can overcome the problem of insufficient sensitivity of single nucleic acid amplification technology, and it combines the advantages of two or even multiple nucleic acid amplification technologies at the same time. In this work, a novel cascade signal amplification strategy with strand displacement amplification (SDA) and cascade hybridization chain reaction (HCR) was proposed for trace detection of hAAG and VEGF165. HAAG-induced SDA produced a large amount of S2 to open H2 on Polystyrene (PS) nanospheres, thereby triggering cascade HCR to form DNA dendritic nanostructures with rich fluorescence (FL) signal probes (565 nm). It could realize the amplification of FL signals for the detection of hAAG. Moreover, many doxorubicin (Dox) were loaded into the GC bases of DNA dendritic nanostructures, and its FL signal was effectively shielded. VEGF165 specifically bound to its aptamer to form G-quadruplex structures, which released Dox to produce a high FL signal (590 nm) for detection of VEGF165. This work developed a unique multifunctional DNA dendritic nanostructure fluorescence probe, and cleverly designed a new "On-off" switch strategy for sensitive trace detection of cancer markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Cai
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering. Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, PR China
| | - Yuehui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering. Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, PR China
| | - Yuanzhen Ning
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering. Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, PR China
| | - Guifen Jie
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering. Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, PR China.
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Li S, Roy ER, Wang Y, Watkins T, Cao W. DLK-MAPK Signaling Coupled with DNA Damage Promotes Intrinsic Neurotoxicity Associated with Non-Mutated Tau. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:2978-2995. [PMID: 37955806 PMCID: PMC11043018 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03720-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of neurodegeneration. Despite the well-established link between tau aggregation and clinical progression, the major pathways driven by this protein to intrinsically damage neurons are incompletely understood. To model AD-relevant neurodegeneration driven by tau, we overexpressed non-mutated human tau in primary mouse neurons and observed substantial axonal degeneration and cell death, a process accompanied by activated caspase 3. Mechanistically, we detected deformation of the nuclear envelope and increased DNA damage response in tau-expressing neurons. Gene profiling analysis further revealed significant alterations in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway; moreover, inhibitors of dual leucine zipper kinase (DLK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) were effective in alleviating wild-type human tau-induced neurodegeneration. In contrast, mutant P301L human tau was less toxic to neurons, despite causing comparable DNA damage. Axonal DLK activation induced by wild-type tau potentiated the impact of DNA damage response, resulting in overt neurotoxicity. In summary, we have established a cellular tauopathy model highly relevant to AD and identified a functional synergy between the DLK-MAPK axis and DNA damage response in the neuronal degenerative process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanming Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ethan R Roy
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yanyu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Trent Watkins
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Wei Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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6
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Pfeifer GP. DNA Damage and Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4187. [PMID: 38673772 PMCID: PMC11050701 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The etiology underlying most sporadic Parkinson's' disease (PD) cases is unknown. Environmental exposures have been suggested as putative causes of the disease. In cell models and in animal studies, certain chemicals can destroy dopaminergic neurons. However, the mechanisms of how these chemicals cause the death of neurons is not understood. Several of these agents are mitochondrial toxins that inhibit the mitochondrial complex I of the electron transport chain. Familial PD genes also encode proteins with important functions in mitochondria. Mitochondrial dysfunction of the respiratory chain, in combination with the presence of redox active dopamine molecules in these cells, will lead to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in dopaminergic neurons. Here, I propose a mechanism regarding how ROS may lead to cell killing with a specificity for neurons. One rarely considered hypothesis is that ROS produced by defective mitochondria will lead to the formation of oxidative DNA damage in nuclear DNA. Many genes that encode proteins with neuron-specific functions are extraordinary long, ranging in size from several hundred kilobases to well over a megabase. It is predictable that such long genes will contain large numbers of damaged DNA bases, for example in the form of 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG), which is a major DNA damage type produced by ROS. These DNA lesions will slow down or stall the progression of RNA polymerase II, which is a term referred to as transcription stress. Furthermore, ROS-induced DNA damage may cause mutations, even in postmitotic cells such as neurons. I propose that the impaired transcription and mutagenesis of long, neuron-specific genes will lead to a loss of neuronal integrity, eventually leading to the death of these cells during a human lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerd P Pfeifer
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
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7
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Sobol RW. Mouse models to explore the biological and organismic role of DNA polymerase beta. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2024; 65 Suppl 1:57-71. [PMID: 38619421 PMCID: PMC11027944 DOI: 10.1002/em.22593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Gene knock-out (KO) mouse models for DNA polymerase beta (Polβ) revealed that loss of Polβ leads to neonatal lethality, highlighting the critical organismic role for this DNA polymerase. While biochemical analysis and gene KO cell lines have confirmed its biochemical role in base excision repair and in TET-mediated demethylation, more long-lived mouse models continue to be developed to further define its organismic role. The Polb-KO mouse was the first of the Cre-mediated tissue-specific KO mouse models. This technology was exploited to investigate roles for Polβ in V(D)J recombination (variable-diversity-joining rearrangement), DNA demethylation, gene complementation, SPO11-induced DNA double-strand break repair, germ cell genome stability, as well as neuronal differentiation, susceptibility to genotoxin-induced DNA damage, and cancer onset. The revolution in knock-in (KI) mouse models was made possible by CRISPR/cas9-mediated gene editing directly in C57BL/6 zygotes. This technology has helped identify phenotypes associated with germline or somatic mutants of Polβ. Such KI mouse models have helped uncover the importance of key Polβ active site residues or specific Polβ enzyme activities, such as the PolbY265C mouse that develops lupus symptoms. More recently, we have used this KI technology to mutate the Polb gene with two codon changes, yielding the PolbL301R/V303R mouse. In this KI mouse model, the expressed Polβ protein cannot bind to its obligate heterodimer partner, Xrcc1. Although the expressed mutant Polβ protein is proteolytically unstable and defective in recruitment to sites of DNA damage, the homozygous PolbL301R/V303R mouse is viable and fertile, yet small in stature. We expect that this and additional targeted mouse models under development are poised to reveal new biological and organismic roles for Polβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W. Sobol
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School & Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912
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Hussain MS, Altamimi ASA, Afzal M, Almalki WH, Kazmi I, Alzarea SI, Gupta G, Shahwan M, Kukreti N, Wong LS, Kumarasamy V, Subramaniyan V. Kaempferol: Paving the path for advanced treatments in aging-related diseases. Exp Gerontol 2024; 188:112389. [PMID: 38432575 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Aging-related diseases (ARDs) are a major global health concern, and the development of effective therapies is urgently needed. Kaempferol, a flavonoid found in several plants, has emerged as a promising candidate for ameliorating ARDs. This comprehensive review examines Kaempferol's chemical properties, safety profile, and pharmacokinetics, and highlights its potential therapeutic utility against ARDs. Kaempferol's therapeutic potential is underpinned by its distinctive chemical structure, which confers antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. Kaempferol counteracts reactive oxygen species (ROS) and modulates crucial cellular pathways, thereby combating oxidative stress and inflammation, hallmarks of ARDs. Kaempferol's low toxicity and wide safety margins, as demonstrated by preclinical and clinical studies, further substantiate its therapeutic potential. Compelling evidence supports Kaempferol's substantial potential in addressing ARDs through several mechanisms, notably anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic actions. Kaempferol exhibits a versatile neuroprotective effect by modulating various proinflammatory signaling pathways, including NF-kB, p38MAPK, AKT, and the β-catenin cascade. Additionally, it hinders the formation and aggregation of beta-amyloid protein and regulates brain-derived neurotrophic factors. In terms of its anticancer potential, kaempferol acts through diverse pathways, inducing apoptosis, arresting the cell cycle at the G2/M phase, suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related markers, and affecting the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathways. Subsequent studies should focus on refining dosage regimens, exploring innovative delivery systems, and conducting comprehensive clinical trials to translate these findings into effective therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sadique Hussain
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jagatpura, 302017 Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, 72341, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India; Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Moyad Shahwan
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates; Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Neelima Kukreti
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Ling Shing Wong
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Vinoth Kumarasamy
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
- Pharmacology Unit, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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Wang Y, Wang J, Yan Z, Hou J, Wan L, Yang Y, Liu Y, Yi J, Guo P, Han D. Structural investigation of pathogenic RFC1 AAGGG pentanucleotide repeats reveals a role of G-quadruplex in dysregulated gene expression in CANVAS. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:2698-2710. [PMID: 38266156 PMCID: PMC10954463 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
An expansion of AAGGG pentanucleotide repeats in the replication factor C subunit 1 (RFC1) gene is the genetic cause of cerebellar ataxia, neuropathy, and vestibular areflexia syndrome (CANVAS), and it also links to several other neurodegenerative diseases including the Parkinson's disease. However, the pathogenic mechanism of RFC1 AAGGG repeat expansion remains enigmatic. Here, we report that the pathogenic RFC1 AAGGG repeats form DNA and RNA parallel G-quadruplex (G4) structures that play a role in impairing biological processes. We determine the first high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) structure of a bimolecular parallel G4 formed by d(AAGGG)2AA and reveal how AAGGG repeats fold into a higher-order structure composed of three G-tetrad layers, and further demonstrate the formation of intramolecular G4s in longer DNA and RNA repeats. The pathogenic AAGGG repeats, but not the nonpathogenic AAAAG repeats, form G4 structures to stall DNA replication and reduce gene expression via impairing the translation process in a repeat-length-dependent manner. Our results provide an unprecedented structural basis for understanding the pathogenic mechanism of AAGGG repeat expansion associated with CANVAS. In addition, the high-resolution structures resolved in this study will facilitate rational design of small-molecule ligands and helicases targeting G4s formed by AAGGG repeats for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Junyan Wang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Zhenzhen Yan
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Jianing Hou
- Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM) Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Liqi Wan
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Yingquan Yang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Jie Yi
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Pei Guo
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Da Han
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
- Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM) Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
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10
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He YQ, Zhou CC, Jiang SG, Lan WQ, Zhang F, Tao X, Chen WS. Natural products for the treatment of chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment and prospects of nose-to-brain drug delivery. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1292807. [PMID: 38348396 PMCID: PMC10859466 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1292807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy-related cognitive deficits (CRCI) as one of the common adverse drug reactions during chemotherapy that manifest as memory, attention, and executive function impairments. However, there are still no effective pharmacological therapies for the treatment of CRCI. Natural compounds have always inspired drug development and numerous natural products have shown potential therapeutic effects on CRCI. Nevertheless, improving the brain targeting of natural compounds in the treatment of CRCI is still a problem to be overcome at present and in the future. Accumulated evidence shows that nose-to-brain drug delivery may be an excellent carrier for natural compounds. Therefore, we reviewed natural products with potential anti-CRCI, focusing on the signaling pathway of these drugs' anti-CRCI effects, as well as the possibility and prospect of treating CRCI with natural compounds based on nose-to-brain drug delivery in the future. In conclusion, this review provides new insights to further explore natural products in the treatment of CRCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qiong He
- Institute of Chinese Materia Madica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Can-Can Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng-Gui Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Qian Lan
- Institute of Chinese Materia Madica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Tao
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wan-Sheng Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Madica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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11
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Perluigi M, Di Domenico F, Butterfield DA. Oxidative damage in neurodegeneration: roles in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer disease. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:103-197. [PMID: 37843394 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00030.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is associated with multiple etiologies and pathological mechanisms, among which oxidative stress (OS) appears as a major determinant. Intriguingly, OS arises in various pathways regulating brain functions, and it seems to link different hypotheses and mechanisms of AD neuropathology with high fidelity. The brain is particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage, mainly because of its unique lipid composition, resulting in an amplified cascade of redox reactions that target several cellular components/functions ultimately leading to neurodegeneration. The present review highlights the "OS hypothesis of AD," including amyloid beta-peptide-associated mechanisms, the role of lipid and protein oxidation unraveled by redox proteomics, and the antioxidant strategies that have been investigated to modulate the progression of AD. Collected studies from our groups and others have contributed to unraveling the close relationships between perturbation of redox homeostasis in the brain and AD neuropathology by elucidating redox-regulated events potentially involved in both the pathogenesis and progression of AD. However, the complexity of AD pathological mechanisms requires an in-depth understanding of several major intracellular pathways affecting redox homeostasis and relevant for brain functions. This understanding is crucial to developing pharmacological strategies targeting OS-mediated toxicity that may potentially contribute to slow AD progression as well as improve the quality of life of persons with this severe dementing disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzia Perluigi
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli," Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Di Domenico
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli," Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - D Allan Butterfield
- Department of Chemistry and Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
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Garcia-Moreno H, Langbehn DR, Abiona A, Garrood I, Fleszar Z, Manes MA, Morley AMS, Craythorne E, Mohammed S, Henshaw T, Turner S, Naik H, Bodi I, Sarkany RPE, Fassihi H, Lehmann AR, Giunti P. Neurological disease in xeroderma pigmentosum: prospective cohort study of its features and progression. Brain 2023; 146:5044-5059. [PMID: 38040034 PMCID: PMC10690019 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) results from biallelic mutations in any of eight genes involved in DNA repair systems, thus defining eight different genotypes (XPA, XPB, XPC, XPD, XPE, XPF, XPG and XP variant or XPV). In addition to cutaneous and ophthalmological features, some patients present with XP neurological disease. It is unknown whether the different neurological signs and their progression differ among groups. Therefore, we aim to characterize the XP neurological disease and its evolution in the heterogeneous UK XP cohort. Patients with XP were followed in the UK National XP Service, from 2009 to 2021. Age of onset for different events was recorded. Cerebellar ataxia and additional neurological signs and symptoms were rated with the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA), the Inventory of Non-Ataxia Signs (INAS) and the Activities of Daily Living questionnaire (ADL). Patients' mutations received scores based on their predicted effects. Data from available ancillary tests were collected. Ninety-three XP patients were recruited. Thirty-six (38.7%) reported neurological symptoms, especially in the XPA, XPD and XPG groups, with early-onset and late-onset forms, and typically appearing after cutaneous and ophthalmological symptoms. XPA, XPD and XPG patients showed higher SARA scores compared to XPC, XPE and XPV. SARA total scores significantly increased over time in XPD (0.91 points/year, 95% confidence interval: 0.61, 1.21) and XPA (0.63 points/year, 95% confidence interval: 0.38, 0.89). Hyporeflexia, hypopallesthaesia, upper motor neuron signs, chorea, dystonia, oculomotor signs and cognitive impairment were frequent findings in XPA, XPD and XPG. Cerebellar and global brain atrophy, axonal sensory and sensorimotor neuropathies, and sensorineural hearing loss were common findings in patients. Some XPC, XPE and XPV cases presented with abnormalities on examination and/or ancillary tests, suggesting underlying neurological involvement. More severe mutations were associated with a faster progression in SARA total score in XPA (0.40 points/year per 1-unit increase in severity score) and XPD (0.60 points/year per 1-unit increase), and in ADL total score in XPA (0.35 points/year per 1-unit increase). Symptomatic and asymptomatic forms of neurological disease are frequent in XP patients, and neurological symptoms can be an important cause of disability. Typically, the neurological disease will be preceded by cutaneous and ophthalmological features, and these should be actively searched in patients with idiopathic late-onset neurological syndromes. Scales assessing cerebellar function, especially walking and speech, and disability can show progression in some of the groups. Mutation severity can be used as a prognostic biomarker for stratification purposes in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector Garcia-Moreno
- Ataxia Centre, Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Douglas R Langbehn
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Adesoji Abiona
- UK National Xeroderma Pigmentosum Service, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Isabel Garrood
- UK National Xeroderma Pigmentosum Service, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Zofia Fleszar
- Ataxia Centre, Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Marta Antonia Manes
- Ataxia Centre, Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Ana M Susana Morley
- UK National Xeroderma Pigmentosum Service, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 7EH, UK
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Emma Craythorne
- UK National Xeroderma Pigmentosum Service, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Shehla Mohammed
- UK National Xeroderma Pigmentosum Service, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Tanya Henshaw
- UK National Xeroderma Pigmentosum Service, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Sally Turner
- UK National Xeroderma Pigmentosum Service, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Harsha Naik
- UK National Xeroderma Pigmentosum Service, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Istvan Bodi
- Clinical Neuropathology, Academic Neuroscience Building, King’s College Hospital, London SE5 9RS, UK
| | - Robert P E Sarkany
- UK National Xeroderma Pigmentosum Service, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Hiva Fassihi
- UK National Xeroderma Pigmentosum Service, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Alan R Lehmann
- UK National Xeroderma Pigmentosum Service, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 7EH, UK
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9RQ, UK
| | - Paola Giunti
- Ataxia Centre, Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- UK National Xeroderma Pigmentosum Service, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 7EH, UK
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He L, Xie Y, Qiu Y, Zhang Y. Pan-Cancer Profiling and Digital Pathology Analysis Reveal Negative Prognostic Biomarker ZPR1 Associated with Immune Infiltration and Treatment Response in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2023; 10:1309-1325. [PMID: 37581094 PMCID: PMC10423584 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s415224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose ZPR1 is a zinc finger-containing protein that plays a crucial role in neurodegenerative diseases, lipid metabolism disorders, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. However, the expression pattern, prognostic value, and treatment response of ZPR1 in pan-cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. Patients and Methods Pan-cancer expression profiles and relevant clinical data were acquired from UCSC Xena platform. Pan-cancer expression, epigenetic profile, and clinical correlation analysis for ZPR1 were performed. We next explored the prognostic significance and potential biological functions of ZPR1 in HCC. Furthermore, the relationship between ZPR1 and immune infiltration and treatment response was investigated. Finally, quantitative immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis was applied to assess the correlation of ZPR1 expression and immune microenvironment in HCC tissues using Qupath software. Results ZPR1 was differentially expressed in most tumor types and significantly up-regulated in HCC. ZPR1 showed hypo-methylated status in most tumors. Pan-cancer correlation analysis indicated that ZPR1 was closely associated with clinicopathological factors and TMB, MSI, and stemness index in HCC. High ZPR1 expression could be an independent risk factor for adverse prognosis in HCC. ZPR1 correlated with immune cell infiltration and therapeutic response. Finally, IHC results suggested that ZPR1 correlated with CD4, CD56, CD68, and PD-L1 expression and is a promising pathological diagnostic marker in HCC. Conclusion Immune infiltrate-associated ZPR1 could be considered a novel negative prognostic biomarker for therapeutic response in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian He
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology (Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute), Shenyang, Liaoning, 110042, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yusai Xie
- Laboratory of Basic Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yusong Qiu
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology (Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute), Shenyang, Liaoning, 110042, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology (Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute), Shenyang, Liaoning, 110042, People’s Republic of China
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14
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Lu Y, Gao X, Nan Y, Mohammed SA, Fu J, Wang T, Wang C, Yuan C, Lu F, Liu S. Acanthopanax senticosus Harms improves Parkinson's disease by regulating gut microbial structure and metabolic disorders. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18045. [PMID: 37496895 PMCID: PMC10366437 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, with an increasing prevalence as the population ages, posing a serious threat to human health, but the pathogenesis remains uncertain. Acanthopanax senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Harms (ASH) (aqueous ethanol extract), a Chinese herbal medicine, provides obvious and noticeable therapeutic effects on PD. To further investigate the ASH's mechanism of action in treating PD, the structural and functional gut microbiota, as well as intestinal metabolite before and after ASH intervention in the PD mice model, were examined utilizing metagenomics and fecal metabolomics analysis. α-syn transgenic mice were randomly divided into a model and ASH groups, with C57BL/6 mice as a control. The ASH group was gavaged with ASH (45.5 mg/kg/d for 20d). The time of pole climbing and autonomous activity were used to assess motor ability. The gut microbiota's structure, composition, and function were evaluated using Illumina sequencing. Fecal metabolites were identified using UHPLC-MS/MS to construct intestinal metabolites. The findings of this experiment demonstrate that ASH may reduce the climbing time of PD model mice while increasing the number of autonomous movements. The results of metagenomics analysis revealed that ASH could up-regulated Firmicutes and down-regulated Actinobacteria at the phylum level, while Clostridium was up-regulated and Akkermansia was down-regulated at the genus level; it could also recall 49 species from the phylum Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Tenericutes. Simultaneously, metabolomics analysis revealed that alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism might be a key metabolic pathway for ASH to impact in PD. Furthermore, metagenomics function analysis and metabolic pathway enrichment analysis revealed that ASH might influence unsaturated fatty acid synthesis and purine metabolism pathways. These metabolic pathways are connected to ALA, Palmitic acid, Adenine, and 16 species of Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Tenericutes. Finally, these results indicate that ASH may alleviate the movement disorder of the PD model, which may be connected to the regulation of gut microbiota structure and function as well as the modulation of metabolic disorders by ASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xin Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yang Nan
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shadi A.D. Mohammed
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, 18644, Sana’a, Yemen
| | - Jiaqi Fu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chongzhi Wang
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, and Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Chunsu Yuan
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, and Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Fang Lu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shumin Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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Isaev NK, Stelmashook EV, Genrikhs EE, Onishchenko GE. Interaction between mitophagy, cadmium and zinc. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 79:127230. [PMID: 37290313 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mitophagy is the selective degradation of mitochondria by autophagy. This process is considered to be one of the stages of mitochondrial quality control, as a result of which damaged depolarized mitochondria are eliminated, thus limiting the formation of reactive oxygen species and the release of apoptogenic factors. Selective degradation of mitochondria by autophagy is one of the main ways to protect cells from cadmium toxicity, which results in dysfunction of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, leading to electron leakage, production of reactive oxygen species and cells death. However, excessive autophagy can be dangerous for cells. Currently, the participation of cadmium ions in normal physiological processes has not been detected. Zn2+, unlike Cd2+, regulate the activity of a large number of functionally important proteins, including transcription factors, enzymes, and adapters. It has been shown that Zn2+ not only participate in autophagy, but are also crucial for basal or induced autophagy. It is likely that zinc drugs can be used to reduce the cadmium toxicity and in the regulation of mithophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nickolay K Isaev
- M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia.
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16
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Tyler SE, Tyler LD. Pathways to healing: Plants with therapeutic potential for neurodegenerative diseases. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2023; 14:210-234. [PMID: 36880056 PMCID: PMC9984566 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2023.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Some of the greatest challenges in medicine are the neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), which remain without a cure and mostly progress to death. A companion study employed a toolkit methodology to document 2001 plant species with ethnomedicinal uses for alleviating pathologies relevant to NDs, focusing on its relevance to Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study aimed to find plants with therapeutic bioactivities for a range of NDs. 1339 of the 2001 plant species were found to have a bioactivity from the literature of therapeutic relevance to NDs such as Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, AD, motor neurone diseases, multiple sclerosis, prion diseases, Neimann-Pick disease, glaucoma, Friedreich's ataxia and Batten disease. 43 types of bioactivities were found, such as reducing protein misfolding, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and cell death, and promoting neurogenesis, mitochondrial biogenesis, autophagy, longevity, and anti-microbial activity. Ethno-led plant selection was more effective than random selection of plant species. Our findings indicate that ethnomedicinal plants provide a large resource of ND therapeutic potential. The extensive range of bioactivities validate the usefulness of the toolkit methodology in the mining of this data. We found that a number of the documented plants are able to modulate molecular mechanisms underlying various key ND pathologies, revealing a promising and even profound capacity to halt and reverse the processes of neurodegeneration.
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Key Words
- A-H, Alpers-Huttenlocher syndrome
- AD, Alzheimer’s disease
- ALS, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- BBB, blood-brain barrier
- C. elegans,, Caenorhabditis elegans
- CJD, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
- CMT, Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease
- CS, Cockayne syndrome
- Ech A, Echinochrome A
- FDA, Food and Drug Administration
- FRDA, Friedreich’s ataxia
- FTD, Frontotemporal dementia
- HD, Huntington’s disease
- Hsp, Heat shock protein
- LSD, Lysosomal storage diseases
- MS, Multiple sclerosis
- MSA, Multiple system atrophy
- MSP, Multisystem proteinopathy
- Medicinal plant
- ND, neurodegenerative disease
- NPC, Neimann-Pick disease type C
- NSC, neural stem cells
- Neuro-inflammation
- Neurodegeneration
- Neurogenesis
- PC, pharmacological chaperone
- PD, Parkinson’s disease
- Protein misfolding
- SMA, Spinal muscular atrophy
- VD, Vascular dementia
- prion dis, prion diseases
- α-syn, alpha-synuclein
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheena E.B. Tyler
- John Ray Research Field Station, Cheshire, United Kingdom
- Corresponding author.
| | - Luke D.K. Tyler
- School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Gwynedd, United Kingdom
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Wang ZX, Liu Y, Li YL, Wei Q, Lin RR, Kang R, Ruan Y, Lin ZH, Xue NJ, Zhang BR, Pu JL. Nuclear DJ-1 Regulates DNA Damage Repair via the Regulation of PARP1 Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108651. [PMID: 37239999 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA damage and defective DNA repair are extensively linked to neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD), but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we determined that the PD-associated protein DJ-1 plays an essential role in modulating DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair. Specifically, DJ-1 is a DNA damage response (DDR) protein that can be recruited to DNA damage sites, where it promotes DSB repair through both homologous recombination and nonhomologous end joining. Mechanistically, DJ-1 interacts directly with PARP1, a nuclear enzyme essential for genomic stability, and stimulates its enzymatic activity during DNA repair. Importantly, cells from PD patients with the DJ-1 mutation also have defective PARP1 activity and impaired repair of DSBs. In summary, our findings uncover a novel function of nuclear DJ-1 in DNA repair and genome stability maintenance, and suggest that defective DNA repair may contribute to the pathogenesis of PD linked to DJ-1 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Xuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yao-Lin Li
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Qiao Wei
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Rong-Rong Lin
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Ruiqing Kang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yang Ruan
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Lin
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Nai-Jia Xue
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Bao-Rong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Jia-Li Pu
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
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18
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Lu Y, Jarrahi A, Moore N, Bartoli M, Brann DW, Baban B, Dhandapani KM. Inflammaging, cellular senescence, and cognitive aging after traumatic brain injury. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 180:106090. [PMID: 36934795 PMCID: PMC10763650 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with mortality and morbidity worldwide. Accumulating pre-clinical and clinical data suggests TBI is the leading extrinsic cause of progressive neurodegeneration. Neurological deterioration after either a single moderate-severe TBI or repetitive mild TBI often resembles dementia in aged populations; however, no currently approved therapies adequately mitigate neurodegeneration. Inflammation correlates with neurodegenerative changes and cognitive dysfunction for years post-TBI, suggesting a potential association between immune activation and both age- and TBI-induced cognitive decline. Inflammaging, a chronic, low-grade sterile inflammation associated with natural aging, promotes cognitive decline. Cellular senescence and the subsequent development of a senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP) promotes inflammaging and cognitive aging, although the functional association between senescent cells and neurodegeneration is poorly defined after TBI. In this mini-review, we provide an overview of the pre-clinical and clinical evidence linking cellular senescence with poor TBI outcomes. We also discuss the current knowledge and future potential for senotherapeutics, including senolytics and senomorphics, which kill and/or modulate senescent cells, as potential therapeutics after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America.
| | - Abbas Jarrahi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America
| | - Nicholas Moore
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America
| | - Manuela Bartoli
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America
| | - Darrell W Brann
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America
| | - Babak Baban
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Services, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America
| | - Krishnan M Dhandapani
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States of America.
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Wang ZX, Li YL, Pu JL, Zhang BR. DNA Damage-Mediated Neurotoxicity in Parkinson’s Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076313. [PMID: 37047285 PMCID: PMC10093980 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease around the world; however, its pathogenesis remains unclear so far. Recent advances have shown that DNA damage and repair deficiency play an important role in the pathophysiology of PD. There is growing evidence suggesting that DNA damage is involved in the propagation of cellular damage in PD, leading to neuropathology under different conditions. Here, we reviewed the current work on DNA damage repair in PD. First, we outlined the evidence and causes of DNA damage in PD. Second, we described the potential pathways by which DNA damage mediates neurotoxicity in PD and discussed the precise mechanisms that drive these processes by DNA damage. In addition, we looked ahead to the potential interventions targeting DNA damage and repair. Finally, based on the current status of research, key problems that need to be addressed in future research were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jia-Li Pu
- Correspondence: (J.-L.P.); (B.-R.Z.); Tel./Fax: +86-571-87784752 (J.-L.P. & B.-R.Z.)
| | - Bao-Rong Zhang
- Correspondence: (J.-L.P.); (B.-R.Z.); Tel./Fax: +86-571-87784752 (J.-L.P. & B.-R.Z.)
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20
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Pereira QC, dos Santos TW, Fortunato IM, Ribeiro ML. The Molecular Mechanism of Polyphenols in the Regulation of Ageing Hallmarks. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065508. [PMID: 36982583 PMCID: PMC10049696 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Ageing is a complex process characterized mainly by a decline in the function of cells, tissues, and organs, resulting in an increased risk of mortality. This process involves several changes, described as hallmarks of ageing, which include genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic changes, loss of proteostasis, dysregulated nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell depletion, and altered intracellular communication. The determining role that environmental factors such as diet and lifestyle play on health, life expectancy, and susceptibility to diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, is wellestablished. In view of the growing interest in the beneficial effects of phytochemicals in the prevention of chronic diseases, several studies have been conducted, and they strongly suggest that the intake of dietary polyphenols may bring numerous benefits due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and their intake has been associated with impaired ageing in humans. Polyphenol intake has been shown to be effective in ameliorating several age-related phenotypes, including oxidative stress, inflammatory processes, impaired proteostasis, and cellular senescence, among other features, which contribute to an increased risk of ageing-associated diseases. This review aims to address, in a general way, the main findings described in the literature about the benefits of polyphenols in each of the hallmarks of ageing, as well as the main regulatory mechanisms responsible for the observed antiageing effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quélita Cristina Pereira
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University Medical School, Braganca Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Tanila Wood dos Santos
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University Medical School, Braganca Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Isabela Monique Fortunato
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University Medical School, Braganca Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Lima Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University Medical School, Braganca Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil
- Lymphoma Translational Group, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- Correspondence:
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21
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Li S, Roy ER, Wang Y, Watkins T, Cao W. Modeling Alzheimer's disease in primary neurons reveals DNA damage response coupled with MAPK-DLK signaling in wild-type tau-induced neurodegeneration. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2617457. [PMID: 36945524 PMCID: PMC10029119 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2617457/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of neurodegeneration. Despite the well-established link between tau aggregation and clinical progression, the major pathways driven by this protein to intrinsically damage neurons are incompletely understood. Methods To model AD-relevant neurodegeneration driven by tau, we overexpressed wild-type human tau in primary mouse neurons and characterized the subsequent cellular and molecular changes. RNAseq profiling and functional investigation were performed as well. A direct comparison with a mutant human tau was conducted in detail. Results We observed substantial axonal degeneration and cell death associated with wild-type tau, a process accompanied by activated caspase 3. Mechanistically, we detected deformation of the nuclear envelope and increased DNA damage response in tau-expressing neurons. Gene profiling analysis further revealed significant alterations in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway; moreover, inhibitors of dual leucine zipper kinase (DLK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) were effective in alleviating wild-type human tau-induced neurodegeneration. In contrast, mutant P301L human tau was less toxic to neurons, despite causing comparable DNA damage. Axonal DLK activation induced by wild-type tau potentiated the impact of DNA damage response, resulting in overt neurotoxicity. Conclusions We have established a cellular tauopathy model highly relevant to AD and identified a functional synergy between DNA damage response and the MAPK-DLK axis in the neuronal degenerative process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanming Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ethan R Roy
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yanyu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Trent Watkins
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. Current address: Department of Neurology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Wei Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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22
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Kaur J, Mojumdar A. A mechanistic overview of spinal cord injury, oxidative DNA damage repair and neuroprotective therapies. Int J Neurosci 2023; 133:307-321. [PMID: 33789065 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2021.1912040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Despite substantial development in medical treatment strategies scientists are struggling to find a cure against spinal cord injury (SCI) which causes long term disability and paralysis. The prime rationale behind it is the enlargement of primary lesion due to an initial trauma to the spinal cord which spreads to the neighbouring spinal tissues It begins from the time of traumatic event happened and extends to hours and even days. It further causes series of biological and functional alterations such as inflammation, excitotoxicity and ischemia, and promotes secondary lesion to the cord which worsens the life of individuals affected by SCI. Oxidative DNA damage is a stern consequence of oxidative stress linked with secondary injury causes oxidative base alterations and strand breaks, which provokes cell death in neurons. It is implausible to stop primary damage however it is credible to halt the secondary lesion and improve the quality of the patient's life to some extent. Therefore it is crucial to understand the hidden perspectives of cell and molecular biology affecting the pathophysiology of SCI. Thus the focus of the review is to connect the missing links and shed light on the oxidative DNA damages and the functional repair mechanisms, as a consequence of the injury in neurons. The review will also probe the significance of neuroprotective strategies in the present scenario. HIGHLIGHTSSpinal cord injury, a pernicious condition, causes excitotoxicity and ischemia, ultimately leading to cell death.Oxidative DNA damage is a consequence of oxidative stress linked with secondary injury, provoking cell death in neurons.Base excision repair (BER) is one of the major repair pathways that plays a crucial role in repairing oxidative DNA damages.Neuroprotective therapies curbing SCI and boosting BER include the usage of pharmacological drugs and other approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaspreet Kaur
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Aditya Mojumdar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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23
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Mishra S, Raval M, Kachhawaha AS, Tiwari BS, Tiwari AK. Aging: Epigenetic modifications. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 197:171-209. [PMID: 37019592 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Aging is one of the most complex and irreversible health conditions characterized by continuous decline in physical/mental activities that eventually poses an increased risk of several diseases and ultimately death. These conditions cannot be ignored by anyone but there are evidences that suggest that exercise, healthy diet and good routines may delay the Aging process significantly. Several studies have demonstrated that Epigenetics plays a key role in Aging and Aging-associated diseases through methylation of DNA, histone modification and non-coding RNA (ncRNA). Comprehension and relevant alterations in these epigenetic modifications can lead to new therapeutic avenues of age-delaying contrivances. These processes affect gene transcription, DNA replication and DNA repair, comprehending epigenetics as a key factor in understanding Aging and developing new avenues for delaying Aging, clinical advancements in ameliorating aging-related diseases and rejuvenating health. In the present article, we have described and advocated the epigenetic role in Aging and associated diseases.
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24
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Zhang X, Liu Y, Huang M, Gunewardena S, Haeri M, Swerdlow RH, Wang N. Landscape of Double-Stranded DNA Breaks in Postmortem Brains from Alzheimer's Disease and Non-Demented Individuals. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 94:519-535. [PMID: 37334609 PMCID: PMC10357181 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains accumulate DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), which could contribute to neurodegeneration and dysfunction. The genomic distribution of AD brain DSBs is unclear. OBJECTIVE To map genome-wide DSB distributions in AD and age-matched control brains. METHODS We obtained autopsy brain tissue from 3 AD and 3 age-matched control individuals. The donors were men between the ages of 78 to 91. Nuclei extracted from frontal cortex tissue were subjected to Cleavage Under Targets & Release Using Nuclease (CUT&RUN) assay with an antibody against γH2AX, a marker of DSB formation. γH2AX-enriched chromatins were purified and analyzed via high-throughput genomic sequencing. RESULTS The AD brains contained 18 times more DSBs than the control brains and the pattern of AD DSBs differed from the control brain pattern. In conjunction with published genome, epigenome, and transcriptome analyses, our data revealed aberrant DSB formation correlates with AD-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms, increased chromatin accessibility, and upregulated gene expression. CONCLUSION Our data suggest in AD, an accumulation of DSBs at ectopic genomic loci could contribute to an aberrant upregulation of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Institute for Reproduction and Developmental Sciences, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Institute for Reproduction and Developmental Sciences, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Ming Huang
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Institute for Reproduction and Developmental Sciences, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Sumedha Gunewardena
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Mohammad Haeri
- University of Kansas Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Russell H. Swerdlow
- University of Kansas Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Institute for Reproduction and Developmental Sciences, Kansas City, KS, USA
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25
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Zhao J, Huai J. Role of primary aging hallmarks in Alzheimer´s disease. Theranostics 2023; 13:197-230. [PMID: 36593969 PMCID: PMC9800733 DOI: 10.7150/thno.79535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, which severely threatens the health of the elderly and causes significant economic and social burdens. The causes of AD are complex and include heritable but mostly aging-related factors. The primary aging hallmarks include genomic instability, telomere wear, epigenetic changes, and loss of protein stability, which play a dominant role in the aging process. Although AD is closely associated with the aging process, the underlying mechanisms involved in AD pathogenesis have not been well characterized. This review summarizes the available literature about primary aging hallmarks and their roles in AD pathogenesis. By analyzing published literature, we attempted to uncover the possible mechanisms of aberrant epigenetic markers with related enzymes, transcription factors, and loss of proteostasis in AD. In particular, the importance of oxidative stress-induced DNA methylation and DNA methylation-directed histone modifications and proteostasis are highlighted. A molecular network of gene regulatory elements that undergoes a dynamic change with age may underlie age-dependent AD pathogenesis, and can be used as a new drug target to treat AD.
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26
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Guo J, Huang X, Dou L, Yan M, Shen T, Tang W, Li J. Aging and aging-related diseases: from molecular mechanisms to interventions and treatments. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:391. [PMID: 36522308 PMCID: PMC9755275 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01251-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 98.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a gradual and irreversible pathophysiological process. It presents with declines in tissue and cell functions and significant increases in the risks of various aging-related diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, and immune system diseases. Although the development of modern medicine has promoted human health and greatly extended life expectancy, with the aging of society, a variety of chronic diseases have gradually become the most important causes of disability and death in elderly individuals. Current research on aging focuses on elucidating how various endogenous and exogenous stresses (such as genomic instability, telomere dysfunction, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, compromise of autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, altered intercellular communication, deregulated nutrient sensing) participate in the regulation of aging. Furthermore, thorough research on the pathogenesis of aging to identify interventions that promote health and longevity (such as caloric restriction, microbiota transplantation, and nutritional intervention) and clinical treatment methods for aging-related diseases (depletion of senescent cells, stem cell therapy, antioxidative and anti-inflammatory treatments, and hormone replacement therapy) could decrease the incidence and development of aging-related diseases and in turn promote healthy aging and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Guo
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Xiuqing Huang
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Lin Dou
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Mingjing Yan
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Tao Shen
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Weiqing Tang
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Jian Li
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730 China
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27
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Xie Y, Zhang W, Sun J, Sun L, Meng F, Yu H. A novel cuproptosis-related immune checkpoint gene signature identification and experimental validation in hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18514. [PMID: 36323801 PMCID: PMC9630496 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22962-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper-induced death, also termed cuproptosis, is a novel form of programmed cell death and is promising as a new strategy for cancer therapeutics. Elevated copper levels in tumor cells are positively associated with high PD-L1 expression. Nonetheless, the prognostic significance of cuproptosis-related immune checkpoint genes (CRICGs) in hepatocellular carcinoma remains to be further clarified. This study aimed to construct the prognostic CRICG signature to predict the immunotherapy response and outcomes of HCC patients. The co-expressed CRICGs were first screened through Pearson correlation analysis. Based on the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator-COX regression analyses, we identified a prognostic 5-CRICGs model, which closely correlates with poor outcomes, cancer development, and immune response to hepatocellular carcinoma. External validation was conducted using the GSE14520 dataset. Lastly, qRT-PCR was performed to determine the expression of the CRICGs in HCC. In summary, we developed and validated a novel prognostic CRICG model based on 5 CRICGs. This prognostic signature could effectively forecast the outcomes and immune response of HCC patients, which may serve as biomarkers for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusai Xie
- Laboratory of Basic Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, Shenyang, 110016 Liaoning China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, Shenyang, 110016 Liaoning China
| | - Jia Sun
- Laboratory of Basic Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, Shenyang, 110016 Liaoning China
| | - Lingyan Sun
- Laboratory of Basic Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, Shenyang, 110016 Liaoning China
| | - Fanjie Meng
- Laboratory of Basic Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, Shenyang, 110016 Liaoning China
| | - Huiying Yu
- Laboratory of Basic Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China.
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28
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Ren Y, Zhu S. Nitric oxide promotes energy metabolism and protects mitochondrial DNA in peaches during cold storage. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:970303. [PMID: 36275543 PMCID: PMC9582448 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.970303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The mitochondria are important organelles related to energy metabolism and are susceptible to oxidative damage. In this experiment, peaches (Prunus persica) were treated with distilled water (as the control), 15 μmol L-1 of nitric oxide (NO), and 20 μmol L-1 of carboxy-PTIO (NO scavenger). The changes in mitochondrial physiological indicators, energy metabolism process, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage and repair were quantified. Compared with the control, NO treatment reduced mitochondrial oxygen consumption and the reactive oxygen species content, increased mitochondrial respiration control rate, and promoted energy metabolism by influencing the activities of citrate synthase, aconitase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and ATPase activity in peach mitochondria. NO treatment also maintained the relative copy number of mtDNA and the relative amplification of long PCR in peaches, decreased the level of 8-hydroxy-2 deoxyguanosine, and upregulated the expression of PpOGG1, PpAPE1, and PpLIG1. These results indicated that exogenous NO treatment (15 μmol L-1) could reduce mtDNA oxidative damage, maintain mtDNA molecular integrity, and inhibit mtDNA copy number reduction by reducing the reactive oxygen species content, thereby promoting mitochondrial energy metabolism and prolonging the storage life of peaches at low temperatures.
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29
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Savu DI, Moisoi N. Mitochondria - Nucleus communication in neurodegenerative disease. Who talks first, who talks louder? BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2022; 1863:148588. [PMID: 35780856 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2022.148588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria - nuclear coadaptation has been central to eukaryotic evolution. The dynamic dialogue between the two compartments within the context of multiorganellar interactions is critical for maintaining cellular homeostasis and directing the balance survival-death in case of cellular stress. The conceptualisation of mitochondria - nucleus communication has so far been focused on the communication from the mitochondria under stress to the nucleus and the consequent signalling responses, as well as from the nucleus to mitochondria in the context of DNA damage and repair. During ageing processes this dialogue may be better viewed as an integrated bidirectional 'talk' with feedback loops that expand beyond these two organelles depending on physiological cues. Here we explore the current views on mitochondria - nucleus dialogue and its role in maintaining cellular health with a focus on brain cells and neurodegenerative disease. Thus, we detail the transcriptional responses initiated by mitochondrial dysfunction in order to protect itself and the general cellular homeostasis. Additionally, we are reviewing the knowledge of the stress pathways initiated by DNA damage which affect mitochondria homeostasis and we add the information provided by the study of combined mitochondrial and genotoxic damage. Finally, we reflect on how each organelle may take the lead in this dialogue in an ageing context where both compartments undergo accumulation of stress and damage and where, perhaps, even the communications' mechanisms may suffer interruptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Iulia Savu
- Department of Life and Environmental Physics, Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Reactorului 30, P.O. Box MG-6, Magurele 077125, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Moisoi
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, Leicester Institute for Pharmaceutical Innovation, Faculty of Health Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Hawthorn Building 1.03, LE1 9BH Leicester, UK.
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30
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Sahebnasagh A, Eghbali S, Saghafi F, Sureda A, Avan R. Neurohormetic phytochemicals in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Immun Ageing 2022; 19:36. [PMID: 35953850 PMCID: PMC9367062 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-022-00292-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The world population is progressively ageing, assuming an enormous social and health challenge. As the world ages, neurodegenerative diseases are on the rise. Regarding the progressive nature of these diseases, none of the neurodegenerative diseases are curable at date, and the existing treatments can only help relieve the symptoms or slow the progression. Recently, hormesis has increased attention in the treatment of age-related neurodegenerative diseases. The concept of hormesis refers to a biphasic dose-response phenomenon, where low levels of the drug or stress exert protective of beneficial effects and high doses deleterious or toxic effects. Neurohormesis, as the adaptive aspect of hormetic dose responses in neurons, has been shown to slow the onset of neurodegenerative diseases and reduce the damages caused by aging, stroke, and traumatic brain injury. Hormesis was also observed to modulate anxiety, stress, pain, and the severity of seizure. Thus, neurohormesis can be considered as a potentially innovative approach in the treatment of neurodegenerative and other neurologic disorders. Herbal medicinal products and supplements are often considered health resources with many applications. The hormesis phenomenon in medicinal plants is valuable and several studies have shown that hormetic mechanisms of bioactive compounds can prevent or ameliorate the neurodegenerative pathogenesis in animal models of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. Moreover, the hormesis activity of phytochemicals has been evaluated in other neurological disorders such as Autism and Huntington’s disease. In this review, the neurohormetic dose–response concept and the possible underlying neuroprotection mechanisms are discussed. Different neurohormetic phytochemicals used for the better management of neurodegenerative diseases, the rationale for using them, and the key findings of their studies are also reviewed.
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31
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Karyka E, Berrueta Ramirez N, Webster CP, Marchi PM, Graves EJ, Godena VK, Marrone L, Bhargava A, Ray S, Ning K, Crane H, Hautbergue GM, El-Khamisy SF, Azzouz M. SMN-deficient cells exhibit increased ribosomal DNA damage. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:e202101145. [PMID: 35440492 PMCID: PMC9018017 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202101145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy, the leading genetic cause of infant mortality, is a motor neuron disease caused by low levels of survival motor neuron (SMN) protein. SMN is a multifunctional protein that is implicated in numerous cytoplasmic and nuclear processes. Recently, increasing attention is being paid to the role of SMN in the maintenance of DNA integrity. DNA damage and genome instability have been linked to a range of neurodegenerative diseases. The ribosomal DNA (rDNA) represents a particularly unstable locus undergoing frequent breakage. Instability in rDNA has been associated with cancer, premature ageing syndromes, and a number of neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we report that SMN-deficient cells exhibit increased rDNA damage leading to impaired ribosomal RNA synthesis and translation. We also unravel an interaction between SMN and RNA polymerase I. Moreover, we uncover an spinal muscular atrophy motor neuron-specific deficiency of DDX21 protein, which is required for resolving R-loops in the nucleolus. Taken together, our findings suggest a new role of SMN in rDNA integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Karyka
- The Healthy Lifespan Institute and Neuroscience Institute, Neurodegeneration and Genome Stability Group, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Nelly Berrueta Ramirez
- The Healthy Lifespan Institute and Neuroscience Institute, Neurodegeneration and Genome Stability Group, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The Institute of Neuroscience and the Healthy Lifespan Institute, School of Bioscience, Firth Court, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Christopher P Webster
- The Healthy Lifespan Institute and Neuroscience Institute, Neurodegeneration and Genome Stability Group, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Paolo M Marchi
- The Healthy Lifespan Institute and Neuroscience Institute, Neurodegeneration and Genome Stability Group, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Emily J Graves
- The Healthy Lifespan Institute and Neuroscience Institute, Neurodegeneration and Genome Stability Group, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Vinay K Godena
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Lara Marrone
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Anushka Bhargava
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Swagat Ray
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The Institute of Neuroscience and the Healthy Lifespan Institute, School of Bioscience, Firth Court, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK
| | - Ke Ning
- The Healthy Lifespan Institute and Neuroscience Institute, Neurodegeneration and Genome Stability Group, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Hannah Crane
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The Institute of Neuroscience and the Healthy Lifespan Institute, School of Bioscience, Firth Court, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Guillaume M Hautbergue
- The Healthy Lifespan Institute and Neuroscience Institute, Neurodegeneration and Genome Stability Group, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Sherif F El-Khamisy
- The Healthy Lifespan Institute and Neuroscience Institute, Neurodegeneration and Genome Stability Group, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The Institute of Neuroscience and the Healthy Lifespan Institute, School of Bioscience, Firth Court, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- The Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
| | - Mimoun Azzouz
- The Healthy Lifespan Institute and Neuroscience Institute, Neurodegeneration and Genome Stability Group, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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32
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Nelson RS, Dammer EB, Santiago JV, Seyfried NT, Rangaraju S. Brain Cell Type-Specific Nuclear Proteomics Is Imperative to Resolve Neurodegenerative Disease Mechanisms. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:902146. [PMID: 35784845 PMCID: PMC9243337 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.902146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) involve complex cellular mechanisms that are incompletely understood. Emerging findings have revealed that disruption of nuclear processes play key roles in ND pathogenesis. The nucleus is a nexus for gene regulation and cellular processes that together, may underlie pathomechanisms of NDs. Furthermore, many genetic risk factors for NDs encode proteins that are either present in the nucleus or are involved in nuclear processes (for example, RNA binding proteins, epigenetic regulators, or nuclear-cytoplasmic transport proteins). While recent advances in nuclear transcriptomics have been significant, studies of the nuclear proteome in brain have been relatively limited. We propose that a comprehensive analysis of nuclear proteomic alterations of various brain cell types in NDs may provide novel biological and therapeutic insights. This may be feasible because emerging technical advances allow isolation and investigation of intact nuclei from post-mortem frozen human brain tissue with cell type-specific and single-cell resolution. Accordingly, nuclei of various brain cell types harbor unique protein markers which can be used to isolate cell-type specific nuclei followed by down-stream proteomics by mass spectrometry. Here we review the literature providing a rationale for investigating proteomic changes occurring in nuclei in NDs and then highlight the potential for brain cell type-specific nuclear proteomics to enhance our understanding of distinct cellular mechanisms that drive ND pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth S. Nelson
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Eric B. Dammer
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | | | | | - Srikant Rangaraju
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States,*Correspondence: Srikant Rangaraju
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Williams FN, Scaglione KM. Insights on Microsatellite Characteristics, Evolution, and Function From the Social Amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:886837. [PMID: 35769695 PMCID: PMC9234386 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.886837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microsatellites are repetitive sequences commonly found in the genomes of higher organisms. These repetitive sequences are prone to expansion or contraction, and when microsatellite expansion occurs in the regulatory or coding regions of genes this can result in a number of diseases including many neurodegenerative diseases. Unlike in humans and other organisms, the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum contains an unusually high number of microsatellites. Intriguingly, many of these microsatellites fall within the coding region of genes, resulting in nearly 10,000 homopolymeric repeat proteins within the Dictyostelium proteome. Surprisingly, among the most common of these repeats are polyglutamine repeats, a type of repeat that causes a class of nine neurodegenerative diseases in humans. In this minireview, we summarize what is currently known about homopolymeric repeats and microsatellites in Dictyostelium discoideum and discuss the potential utility of Dictyostelium for identifying novel mechanisms that utilize and regulate regions of repetitive DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicia N. Williams
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - K. Matthew Scaglione
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Neurology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
- Duke Center for Neurodegeneration and Neurotherapeutics, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
- *Correspondence: K. Matthew Scaglione,
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Molecular markers associated with cognitive impairment in centenarians. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:4191-4192. [PMID: 35585026 PMCID: PMC9186776 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Tripathi MK, Kartawy M, Ginzburg S, Amal H. Arsenic alters nitric oxide signaling similar to autism spectrum disorder and Alzheimer's disease-associated mutations. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:127. [PMID: 35351881 PMCID: PMC8964747 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01890-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have proven that exposure to Arsenic (AS) leads to the development of many neurological disorders. However, few studies have investigated its molecular mechanisms in the brain. Our previous work has revealed nitric oxide (NO)-mediated apoptosis and SNO reprogramming in the cortex following arsenic treatment, yet the role of NO and S-nitrosylation (SNO) in AS-mediated neurotoxicity has not been investigated. Therefore, we have conducted a multidisciplinary in-vivo study in mice with two different doses of Sodium Arsenite (SA) (0.1 ppm and 1 ppm) in drinking water. We used the novel SNOTRAP-based mass spectrometry method followed by the bioinformatics analysis, Western blot validation, and five different behavioral tests. Bioinformatics analysis of SA-treated mice showed significant SNO-enrichment of processes involved in mitochondrial respiratory function, endogenous antioxidant systems, transcriptional regulation, cytoskeleton maintenance, and regulation of apoptosis. Western blotting showed increased levels of cleaved PARP-1 and cleaved caspase-3 in SA-treated mice consistent with SA-induced apoptosis. Behavioral studies showed significant cognitive dysfunctions similar to those of Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). A comparative analysis of the SNO-proteome of SA-treated mice with two transgenic mouse strains, models of ASD and AD, showed molecular convergence of SA environmental neurotoxicity and the genetic mutations causing ASD and AD. This is the first study to show the effects of AS on SNO-signaling in the striatum and hippocampus and its effects on behavioral characteristics. Finally, further investigation of the NO-dependent mechanisms of AS-mediated neurotoxicity may reveal new drug targets for its prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar Tripathi
- grid.9619.70000 0004 1937 0538Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Maryam Kartawy
- grid.9619.70000 0004 1937 0538Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shelly Ginzburg
- grid.9619.70000 0004 1937 0538Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Haitham Amal
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
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Iourov IY, Vorsanova SG. COVID-19 and Aging-Related Genome (Chromosome) Instability in the Brain: Another Possible Time-Bomb of SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:786264. [PMID: 35309884 PMCID: PMC8928435 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.786264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Y. Iourov
- Yurov's Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics of the Brain, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Medical Biological Disciplines, Belgorod State University, Belgorod, Russia
- *Correspondence: Ivan Y. Iourov
| | - Svetlana G. Vorsanova
- Yurov's Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenomics of the Brain, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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Yan Z, Liao H, Deng C, Zhong Y, Mayeesa TZ, Zhuo Y. DNA damage and repair in the visual center in the rhesus monkey model of glaucoma. Exp Eye Res 2022; 219:109031. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.109031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Yoon YS, You JS, Kim TK, Ahn WJ, Kim MJ, Son KH, Ricarte D, Ortiz D, Lee SJ, Lee HJ. Senescence and impaired DNA damage responses in alpha-synucleinopathy models. Exp Mol Med 2022; 54:115-128. [PMID: 35136202 PMCID: PMC8894476 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00727-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
α-Synuclein is a crucial element in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and related neurological diseases. Although numerous studies have presented potential mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis, the understanding of α-synuclein-mediated neurodegeneration remains far from complete. Here, we show that overexpression of α-synuclein leads to impaired DNA repair and cellular senescence. Transcriptome analysis showed that α-synuclein overexpression led to cellular senescence with activation of the p53 pathway and DNA damage responses (DDRs). Chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses using p53 and γH2AX, chromosomal markers of DNA damage, revealed that these proteins bind to promoters and regulate the expression of DDR and cellular senescence genes. Cellular marker analyses confirmed cellular senescence and the accumulation of DNA double-strand breaks. The non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) DNA repair pathway was activated in α-synuclein-overexpressing cells. However, the expression of MRE11, a key component of the DSB repair system, was reduced, suggesting that the repair pathway induction was incomplete. Neuropathological examination of α-synuclein transgenic mice showed increased levels of phospho-α-synuclein and DNA double-strand breaks, as well as markers of cellular senescence, at an early, presymptomatic stage. These results suggest that the accumulation of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and cellular senescence are intermediaries of α-synuclein-induced pathogenesis in PD. Excess levels of a protein involved in Parkinson’s disease can impair the brain’s capacity to repair DNA damage, leading to a state of cellular aging that accelerates neuronal death. When aggregated, the α-synuclein protein plays a major role in Parkinson’s disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. A team from South Korea, led by He-Jin Lee of Konkuk University, Seoul, and Seung-Jae Lee of Seoul National University College of Medicine, showed that human neuronal cells and mouse models with elevated expression of α-synuclein develop double-stranded breaks in their genomes as a consequence of deficient quality control mechanisms. The accumulated DNA damage spurs the cells to enter a state in which they show canonical signs of cellular aging but remain metabolically active in ways that fuel neurodegeneration. Therapies that target these processes could help prevent or treat α-synuclein–linked diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Seul Yoon
- Department of Anatomy, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Jueng Soo You
- Department of Biochemistry, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea.,Research Institute of Medical Science, Seoul, 05029, Korea.,IBST, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Tae-Kyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Departments of Exercise Physiology and Biochemistry, Korea National Sport University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Myoung Jun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Keun Hong Son
- Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Dankook University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Diadem Ricarte
- Department of Anatomy, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Darlene Ortiz
- Department of Anatomy, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Seung-Jae Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - He-Jin Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea. .,Research Institute of Medical Science, Seoul, 05029, Korea. .,IBST, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea.
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Ding M, Qing X, Zhang G, Baade-Büttner C, Gruber R, Lu H, Ferguson DO, Geis C, Wang ZQ, Zhou ZW. The Essential DNA Damage Response Complex MRN Is Dispensable for the Survival and Function of Purkinje Neurons. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 13:786199. [PMID: 35153719 PMCID: PMC8831373 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.786199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
MRE11, RAD50, and NBS1 form the MRN complex in response to DNA damage to activate ATM, a gene responsible for Ataxia-Telangiectasia (A-T). Loss of any components of the MRN complex compromises cell life. Mutations in MRE11, RAD50, and NBS1 cause human genomic instability syndromes Ataxia-Telangiectasia-like disorder (A-TLD), NBS-like disorder (NBSLD), and Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome (NBS), respectively. Among other pathologies, neuronal deficits, including microcephaly, intellectual disabilities, and progressive cerebellar degeneration, are common in these disorders. Nbs1 deletion in neural stem cells of mouse models resulted in cerebellar atrophy and ataxia, mimicking the A-T syndrome suggesting an etiological function of MRN-mediated DDR in neuronal homeostasis and neuropathology. Here we show that deletion of Nbs1 or Mre11 specifically in Purkinje neurons of mouse models (Nbs1-PCΔ and Mre11-PCΔ, respectively) is compatible with cerebellar development. Deleting Nbs1 in Purkinje cells disrupts the cellular localization pattern of MRE11 or RAD50 without inducing apparent DNA damage, albeit impaired DNA damage response (judged by 53BP1 focus formation) to ionizing radiation (IR). However, neither survival nor morphology of Purkinje cells and thus locomotor capabilities is affected by Nbs1 deletion under physiological conditions. Similarly, deletion of Mre11 in Purkinje cells does not affect the numbers or morphology of Purkinje cells and causes no accumulation of DNA damage. Mre11-deleted Purkinje cells have regular intrinsic neuronal activity. Taken together, these data indicate that the MRN complex is not essential for the survival and functionality of postmitotic neurons such as Purkinje cells. Thus, cerebellar deficits in MRN defect-related disorders and mouse models are unlikely to be a direct consequence of loss of these factors compromising DDR in postmitotic neurons such as Purkinje cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingmei Ding
- School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaobing Qing
- Leibniz Institute on Aging – Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Guangyu Zhang
- Leibniz Institute on Aging – Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Carolin Baade-Büttner
- Section of Translational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Ralph Gruber
- Leibniz Institute on Aging – Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Haizhen Lu
- Department of Pathology and Resident Training Base, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - David O. Ferguson
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Christian Geis
- Section of Translational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Zhao-Qi Wang
- Leibniz Institute on Aging – Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich-Schiller-University of Jena, Jena, Germany
- *Correspondence: Zhao-Qi Wang,
| | - Zhong-Wei Zhou
- School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Leibniz Institute on Aging – Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
- Zhong-Wei Zhou,
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40
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Is Telomere Length Shortening a Risk Factor for Neurodegenerative Disorders? Dement Neurocogn Disord 2022; 21:83-92. [PMID: 35949423 PMCID: PMC9340245 DOI: 10.12779/dnd.2022.21.3.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are located at the end of chromosomes. They are known to protect chromosomes and prevent cellular senescence. Telomere length shortening has been considered an important marker of aging. Many studies have reported this concept in connection with neurodegenerative disorders. Considering the role of telomeres, it seems that longer telomeres are beneficial while shorter telomeres are detrimental in preventing neurodegenerative disorders. However, several studies have shown that people with longer telomeres might also be vulnerable to neurodegenerative disorders. Before these conflicting results can be explained through large-scale longitudinal clinical studies on the role of telomere length in neurodegenerative disorders, it would be beneficial to simultaneously review these opposing results. Understanding these conflicting results might help us plan future studies to reveal the role of telomere length in neurodegenerative disorders. In this review, these contradictory findings are thoroughly discussed, with the aim to better understand the role of telomere length in neurodegenerative disorders.
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Sanchez-Roman I, Ferrando B, Holst CM, Mengel-From J, Rasmussen SH, Thinggaard M, Bohr VA, Christensen K, Stevnsner T. Molecular markers of DNA repair and brain metabolism correlate with cognition in centenarians. GeroScience 2021; 44:103-125. [PMID: 34966960 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00502-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is an important factor in age-associated neurodegeneration. Accordingly, mitochondrial dysfunction and genomic instability have been considered as key hallmarks of aging and have important roles in age-associated cognitive decline and neurodegenerative disorders. In order to evaluate whether maintenance of cognitive abilities at very old age is associated with key hallmarks of aging, we measured mitochondrial bioenergetics, mitochondrial DNA copy number and DNA repair capacity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from centenarians in a Danish 1915 birth cohort (n = 120). Also, the circulating levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, NAD+ /NADH and carbonylated proteins were measured in plasma of the centenarians and correlated to cognitive capacity. Mitochondrial respiration was well preserved in the centenarian cohort when compared to young individuals (21-35 years of age, n = 33). When correlating cognitive performance of the centenarians with mitochondrial function such as basal respiration, ATP production, reserve capacity and maximal respiration, no overall correlations were observed, but when stratifying by sex, inverse associations were observed in the males (p < 0.05). Centenarians with the most severe cognitive impairment displayed the lowest activity of the central DNA repair enzyme, APE1 (p < 0.05). A positive correlation between cognitive capacity and levels of NAD+ /NADH was observed (p < 0.05), which may be because NAD+ /NADH consuming enzyme activities strive to reduce the oxidative DNA damage load. Also, circulating protein carbonylation was lowest in centenarians with highest cognitive capacity (p < 0.05). An opposite trend was observed for levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (p = 0.17). Our results suggest that maintenance of cognitive capacity at very old age may be associated with cellular mechanisms related to oxidative stress and DNA metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Sanchez-Roman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Danish Aging Research Center, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences (Animal Physiology Unit), School of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Ferrando
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Danish Aging Research Center, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Camilla Myrup Holst
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Danish Aging Research Center, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jonas Mengel-From
- Danish Aging Research Center, Aarhus, Denmark
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Signe Høi Rasmussen
- Danish Aging Research Center, Aarhus, Denmark
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Geriatrics, Odense University Hospital, Svendborg, Denmark
| | - Mikael Thinggaard
- Danish Aging Research Center, Aarhus, Denmark
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Vilhelm A Bohr
- Danish Aging Research Center, Aarhus, Denmark
- National Institute On Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kaare Christensen
- Danish Aging Research Center, Aarhus, Denmark
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Tinna Stevnsner
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
- Danish Aging Research Center, Aarhus, Denmark.
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42
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Epiney DG, Salameh C, Cassidy D, Zhou LT, Kruithof J, Milutinović R, Andreani TS, Schirmer AE, Bolterstein E. Characterization of Stress Responses in a Drosophila Model of Werner Syndrome. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1868. [PMID: 34944512 PMCID: PMC8699552 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As organisms age, their resistance to stress decreases while their risk of disease increases. This can be shown in patients with Werner syndrome (WS), which is a genetic disease characterized by accelerated aging along with increased risk of cancer and metabolic disease. WS is caused by mutations in WRN, a gene involved in DNA replication and repair. Recent research has shown that WRN mutations contribute to multiple hallmarks of aging including genomic instability, telomere attrition, and mitochondrial dysfunction. However, questions remain regarding the onset and effect of stress on early aging. We used a fly model of WS (WRNexoΔ) to investigate stress response during different life stages and found that stress sensitivity varies according to age and stressor. While larvae and young WRNexoΔ adults are not sensitive to exogenous oxidative stress, high antioxidant activity suggests high levels of endogenous oxidative stress. WRNexoΔ adults are sensitive to stress caused by elevated temperature and starvation suggesting abnormalities in energy storage and a possible link to metabolic dysfunction in WS patients. We also observed higher levels of sleep in aged WRNexoΔ adults suggesting an additional adaptive mechanism to protect against age-related stress. We suggest that stress response in WRNexoΔ is multifaceted and evokes a systemic physiological response to protect against cellular damage. These data further validate WRNexoΔ flies as a WS model with which to study mechanisms of early aging and provide a foundation for development of treatments for WS and similar diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek G. Epiney
- Department of Biology, Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago, IL 60625, USA; (D.G.E.); (C.S.); (D.C.); (L.T.Z.); (J.K.); (R.M.); (A.E.S.)
| | - Charlotte Salameh
- Department of Biology, Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago, IL 60625, USA; (D.G.E.); (C.S.); (D.C.); (L.T.Z.); (J.K.); (R.M.); (A.E.S.)
| | - Deirdre Cassidy
- Department of Biology, Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago, IL 60625, USA; (D.G.E.); (C.S.); (D.C.); (L.T.Z.); (J.K.); (R.M.); (A.E.S.)
| | - Luhan T. Zhou
- Department of Biology, Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago, IL 60625, USA; (D.G.E.); (C.S.); (D.C.); (L.T.Z.); (J.K.); (R.M.); (A.E.S.)
| | - Joshua Kruithof
- Department of Biology, Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago, IL 60625, USA; (D.G.E.); (C.S.); (D.C.); (L.T.Z.); (J.K.); (R.M.); (A.E.S.)
| | - Rolan Milutinović
- Department of Biology, Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago, IL 60625, USA; (D.G.E.); (C.S.); (D.C.); (L.T.Z.); (J.K.); (R.M.); (A.E.S.)
| | - Tomas S. Andreani
- Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA;
| | - Aaron E. Schirmer
- Department of Biology, Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago, IL 60625, USA; (D.G.E.); (C.S.); (D.C.); (L.T.Z.); (J.K.); (R.M.); (A.E.S.)
| | - Elyse Bolterstein
- Department of Biology, Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago, IL 60625, USA; (D.G.E.); (C.S.); (D.C.); (L.T.Z.); (J.K.); (R.M.); (A.E.S.)
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43
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Levi H, Bar E, Cohen-Adiv S, Sweitat S, Kanner S, Galron R, Mitiagin Y, Barzilai A. Dysfunction of cerebellar microglia in Ataxia-telangiectasia. Glia 2021; 70:536-557. [PMID: 34854502 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is a multisystem autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in the ATM gene and characterized by cerebellar atrophy, progressive ataxia, immunodeficiency, male and female sterility, radiosensitivity, cancer predisposition, growth retardation, insulin-resistant diabetes, and premature aging. ATM phosphorylates more than 1500 target proteins, which are involved in cell cycle control, DNA repair, apoptosis, modulation of chromatin structure, and other cytoplasmic as well as mitochondrial processes. In our quest to better understand the mechanisms by which ATM deficiency causes cerebellar degeneration, we hypothesized that specific vulnerabilities of cerebellar microglia underlie the etiology of A-T. Our hypothesis is based on the recent finding that dysfunction of glial cells affect a variety of process leading to impaired neuronal functionality (Song et al., 2019). Whereas astrocytes and neurons descend from the neural tube, microglia originate from the hematopoietic system, invade the brain at early embryonic stage, and become the innate immune cells of the central nervous system and important participants in development of synaptic plasticity. Here we demonstrate that microglia derived from Atm-/- mouse cerebellum display accelerated cell migration and are severely impaired in phagocytosis, secretion of neurotrophic factors, and mitochondrial activity, suggestive of apoptotic processes. Interestingly, no microglial impairment was detected in Atm-deficient cerebral cortex, and Atm deficiency had less impact on astroglia than microglia. Collectively, our findings validate the roles of glial cells in cerebellar attrition in A-T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadar Levi
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ela Bar
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Stav Cohen-Adiv
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Suzan Sweitat
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sivan Kanner
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ronit Galron
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yulia Mitiagin
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ari Barzilai
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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He L, Lomberk G. Collateral Victim or Rescue Worker?-The Role of Histone Methyltransferases in DNA Damage Repair and Their Targeting for Therapeutic Opportunities in Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:735107. [PMID: 34869318 PMCID: PMC8636273 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.735107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Disrupted DNA damage signaling greatly threatens cell integrity and plays significant roles in cancer. With recent advances in understanding the human genome and gene regulation in the context of DNA damage, chromatin biology, specifically biology of histone post-translational modifications (PTMs), has emerged as a popular field of study with great promise for cancer therapeutics. Here, we discuss how key histone methylation pathways contribute to DNA damage repair and impact tumorigenesis within this context, as well as the potential for their targeting as part of therapeutic strategies in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishu He
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States,Division of Research, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States,Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Gwen Lomberk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States,Division of Research, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States,Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States,LaBahn Pancreatic Cancer Program, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States,*Correspondence: Gwen Lomberk,
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45
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Møller IM, Rasmusson AG, Van Aken O. Plant mitochondria - past, present and future. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 108:912-959. [PMID: 34528296 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The study of plant mitochondria started in earnest around 1950 with the first isolations of mitochondria from animal and plant tissues. The first 35 years were spent establishing the basic properties of plant mitochondria and plant respiration using biochemical and physiological approaches. A number of unique properties (compared to mammalian mitochondria) were observed: (i) the ability to oxidize malate, glycine and cytosolic NAD(P)H at high rates; (ii) the partial insensitivity to rotenone, which turned out to be due to the presence of a second NADH dehydrogenase on the inner surface of the inner mitochondrial membrane in addition to the classical Complex I NADH dehydrogenase; and (iii) the partial insensitivity to cyanide, which turned out to be due to an alternative oxidase, which is also located on the inner surface of the inner mitochondrial membrane, in addition to the classical Complex IV, cytochrome oxidase. With the appearance of molecular biology methods around 1985, followed by genomics, further unique properties were discovered: (iv) plant mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is 10-600 times larger than the mammalian mtDNA, yet it only contains approximately 50% more genes; (v) plant mtDNA has kept the standard genetic code, and it has a low divergence rate with respect to point mutations, but a high recombinatorial activity; (vi) mitochondrial mRNA maturation includes a uniquely complex set of activities for processing, splicing and editing (at hundreds of sites); (vii) recombination in mtDNA creates novel reading frames that can produce male sterility; and (viii) plant mitochondria have a large proteome with 2000-3000 different proteins containing many unique proteins such as 200-300 pentatricopeptide repeat proteins. We describe the present and fairly detailed picture of the structure and function of plant mitochondria and how the unique properties make their metabolism more flexible allowing them to be involved in many diverse processes in the plant cell, such as photosynthesis, photorespiration, CAM and C4 metabolism, heat production, temperature control, stress resistance mechanisms, programmed cell death and genomic evolution. However, it is still a challenge to understand how the regulation of metabolism and mtDNA expression works at the cellular level and how retrograde signaling from the mitochondria coordinates all those processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Max Møller
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Forsøgsvej 1, DK-4200, Slagelse, Denmark
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Rivas F, Poblete-Aro C, Pando ME, Allel MJ, Fernandez V, Soto A, Nova P, Garcia-Diaz D. Effects of polyphenols in aging and neurodegeneration associated with oxidative stress. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:1045-1060. [PMID: 34720075 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666211101100632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aging is defined as the functional loss of tissues and organs over time. This is a biological, irreversible, progressive, and universal process that results from genetic and environmental factors, such as diet, physical activity, smoking, harmful alcohol consumption, and exposure to toxins, among others. Aging is a consequence of molecular and cellular damage built up over time. This damage begins with a gradual decrease in physical and mental capacity, thus increasing the risk of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Neuronal, functional, and structural damage can be explained by an imbalance among free radicals, reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, and antioxidants, which finally lead to oxidative stress. Due to the key role of free radicals, reactive oxygen species, and reactive nitrogen species, antioxidant therapy may reduce the oxidative damage associated with neurodegeneration. Exogenous antioxidants are molecules that may help maintain the balance between the formation and elimination of free radicals, thus protecting the cell from their toxicity. Among them, polyphenols are a broad group of secondary plant metabolites with potent antioxidant properties. Here, we review several studies that show the potential role of polyphenol consumption to prevent, or slow down, harmful oxidative processes linked to neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Rivas
- Departamento de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago. Chile
| | - Carlos Poblete-Aro
- Centro de Investigacion de Rehabilitacion en Salud, Universidad de las Americas, Santiago. Chile
| | - María Elsa Pando
- Departamento de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago. Chile
| | - María José Allel
- Escuela de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago. Chile
| | - Valentina Fernandez
- Escuela de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago. Chile
| | | | - Pablo Nova
- Unidad de Anatomia Humana Normal, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias Medicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago. Chile
| | - Diego Garcia-Diaz
- Departamento de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago. Chile
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Korn P, Classen A, Murthy S, Guareschi R, Maksimainen MM, Lippok BE, Galera‐Prat A, Sowa ST, Voigt C, Rossetti G, Lehtiö L, Bolm C, Lüscher B. Evaluation of 3- and 4-Phenoxybenzamides as Selective Inhibitors of the Mono-ADP-Ribosyltransferase PARP10. ChemistryOpen 2021; 10:939-948. [PMID: 34145784 PMCID: PMC8485830 DOI: 10.1002/open.202100087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular ADP-ribosyltransferases catalyze mono- and poly-ADP-ribosylation and affect a broad range of biological processes. The mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP10 is involved in signaling and DNA repair. Previous studies identified OUL35 as a selective, cell permeable inhibitor of PARP10. We have further explored the chemical space of OUL35 by synthesizing and investigating structurally related analogs. Key synthetic steps were metal-catalyzed cross-couplings and functional group modifications. We identified 4-(4-cyanophenoxy)benzamide and 3-(4-carbamoylphenoxy)benzamide as PARP10 inhibitors with distinct selectivities. Both compounds were cell permeable and interfered with PARP10 toxicity. Moreover, both revealed some inhibition of PARP2 but not PARP1, unlike clinically used PARP inhibitors, which typically inhibit both enzymes. Using crystallography and molecular modeling the binding of the compounds to different ADP-ribosyltransferases was explored regarding selectivity. Together, these studies define additional compounds that interfere with PARP10 function and thus expand our repertoire of inhibitors to further optimize selectivity and potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Korn
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMedical FacultyRWTH Aachen UniversityPauwelsstrasse 3052074AachenGermany
| | - Arno Classen
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152056AachenGermany
| | - Sudarshan Murthy
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter OuloUniversity of OuluPentti Kaiteran katu 190014OuluFinland
| | - Riccardo Guareschi
- Institute for Advanced Simulation (IAS-5)/Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-9)Jülich Supercomputing Centre (JSC)Forschungszentrum JülichWilhelm-Johnen-Strasse52425JülichGermany
| | - Mirko M. Maksimainen
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter OuloUniversity of OuluPentti Kaiteran katu 190014OuluFinland
| | - Barbara E. Lippok
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMedical FacultyRWTH Aachen UniversityPauwelsstrasse 3052074AachenGermany
| | - Albert Galera‐Prat
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter OuloUniversity of OuluPentti Kaiteran katu 190014OuluFinland
| | - Sven T. Sowa
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter OuloUniversity of OuluPentti Kaiteran katu 190014OuluFinland
| | - Catharina Voigt
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMedical FacultyRWTH Aachen UniversityPauwelsstrasse 3052074AachenGermany
| | - Giulia Rossetti
- Institute for Advanced Simulation (IAS-5)/Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-9)Jülich Supercomputing Centre (JSC)Forschungszentrum JülichWilhelm-Johnen-Strasse52425JülichGermany
- Juelich Supercomputing Center (JSC)Forschungszentrum JülichWilhelm-Johnen-Strasse52425JülichGermany
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Stem Cell TransplantationMedical FacultyRWTH Aachen UniversityPauwelsstrasse 3052074AachenGermany
| | - Lari Lehtiö
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter OuloUniversity of OuluPentti Kaiteran katu 190014OuluFinland
| | - Carsten Bolm
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152056AachenGermany
| | - Bernhard Lüscher
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMedical FacultyRWTH Aachen UniversityPauwelsstrasse 3052074AachenGermany
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Ferrando B, Møller IM, Stevnsner T. Measuring the Activity of DNA Repair Enzymes in Isolated Mitochondria. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2363:321-334. [PMID: 34545501 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1653-6_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear, mitochondrial and plastidic DNA is constantly exposed to conditions, such as ultraviolet radiation or reactive oxygen species, which will induce chemical modifications to the nucleotides. Unless repaired, these modifications can lead to mutations, so the nucleus, mitochondria and plastids each contains a number of DNA repair systems. We here describe assays for measuring the enzyme activities associated with the base-excision repair pathway in potato tuber mitochondria. As the name implies, this pathway involves removing a modified base and replacing it with an undamaged base. Activity of each of the enzymes involved, DNA glycosylase, apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease, DNA polymerase and DNA ligase can be measured by incubating a mitochondrial extract with a specifically designed oligonucleotide. After incubation, the reaction mixture is separated on a polyacrylamide gel, and the amounts of specific products formed is estimated by autoradiography, which makes it possible to calculate the enzymatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Ferrando
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Ian Max Møller
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Tinna Stevnsner
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.
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The emerging role of miRNA-132/212 cluster in neurologic and cardiovascular diseases: Neuroprotective role in cells with prolonged longevity. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 199:111566. [PMID: 34517022 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
miRNA-132/212 are small regulators of gene expression with a function that fulfills a vital function in diverse biological processes including neuroprotection of cells with prolonged longevity in neurons and the cardiovascular system. In neurons, miRNA-132 appears to be essential for controlling differentiation, development, and neural functioning. Indeed, it also universally promotes axon evolution, nervous migration, plasticity as well, it is suggested to be neuroprotective against neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, miRNA-132/212 disorder leads to neural developmental perturbation, and the development of degenerative disorders covering Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and epilepsy's along with psychiatric perturbations including schizophrenia. Furthermore, the cellular mechanisms of the miRNA-132/212 have additionally been explored in cardiovascular diseases models. Also, the miRNA-132/212 family modulates cardiac hypertrophy and autophagy in cardiomyocytes. The protective and effective clinical promise of miRNA-132/212 in these systems is discussed in this review. To sum up, the current progress in innovative miRNA-based therapies for human pathologies seems of extreme concern and reveals promising novel therapeutic strategies.
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Azam S, Haque ME, Balakrishnan R, Kim IS, Choi DK. The Ageing Brain: Molecular and Cellular Basis of Neurodegeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:683459. [PMID: 34485280 PMCID: PMC8414981 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.683459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing is an inevitable event in the lifecycle of all organisms, characterized by progressive physiological deterioration and increased vulnerability to death. Ageing has also been described as the primary risk factor of most neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), and frontotemporal lobar dementia (FTD). These neurodegenerative diseases occur more prevalently in the aged populations. Few effective treatments have been identified to treat these epidemic neurological crises. Neurodegenerative diseases are associated with enormous socioeconomic and personal costs. Here, the pathogenesis of AD, PD, and other neurodegenerative diseases has been presented, including a summary of their known associations with the biological hallmarks of ageing: genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, deregulated nutrient sensing, stem cell exhaustion, and altered intercellular communications. Understanding the central biological mechanisms that underlie ageing is important for identifying novel therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative diseases. Potential therapeutic strategies, including the use of NAD+ precursors, mitophagy inducers, and inhibitors of cellular senescence, has also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shofiul Azam
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju-si, South Korea
| | - Md. Ezazul Haque
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju-si, South Korea
| | - Rengasamy Balakrishnan
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju-si, South Korea
| | - In-Su Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Research Institute of Inflammatory Disease (RID), Konkuk University, Chungju-si, South Korea
| | - Dong-Kug Choi
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju-si, South Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Research Institute of Inflammatory Disease (RID), Konkuk University, Chungju-si, South Korea
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