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Zhang Y, Liang C, Xu H, Li Y, Xia K, Wang L, Huang X, Chen J, Shu J, Cheng F, Shi K, Wang J, Tao Y, Wang S, Zhang Y, Li H, Feng S, Li F, Zhou X, Chen Q. Dedifferentiation-like reprogramming of degenerative nucleus pulposus cells into notochordal-like cells by defined factors. Mol Ther 2024; 32:2563-2583. [PMID: 38879755 PMCID: PMC11405157 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The extensive degeneration of functional somatic cells and the depletion of endogenous stem/progenitor populations present significant challenges to tissue regeneration in degenerative diseases. Currently, a cellular reprogramming approach enabling directly generating corresponding progenitor populations from degenerative somatic cells remains elusive. The present study focused on intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) and identified a three-factor combination (OCT4, FOXA2, TBXT [OFT]) that could induce the dedifferentiation-like reprogramming of degenerative nucleus pulposus cells (dNPCs) toward induced notochordal-like cells (iNCs). Single-cell transcriptomics dissected the transitions of cell identity during reprogramming. Further, OCT4 was found to directly interact with bromodomain PHD-finger transcription factor to remodel the chromatin during the early phases, which was crucial for initiating this dedifferentiation-like reprogramming. In rat models, intradiscal injection of adeno-associated virus carrying OFT generated iNCs from in situ dNPCs and reversed IVDD. These results collectively present a proof-of-concept for dedifferentiation-like reprogramming of degenerated somatic cells into corresponding progenitors through the development of a factor-based strategy, providing a promising approach for regeneration in degenerative disc diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China
| | - Chengzhen Liang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China
| | - Haibin Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China
| | - Kaishun Xia
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China
| | - Liyin Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University; Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xianpeng Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China
| | - Jiangjie Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China
| | - Jiawei Shu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China
| | - Feng Cheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China
| | - Kesi Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China
| | - Jingkai Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China
| | - Yiqing Tao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China
| | - Shaoke Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China
| | - Yongxiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China
| | - Shoumin Feng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China
| | - Fangcai Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China.
| | - Xiaopeng Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China.
| | - Qixin Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province; Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310009, China.
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Guo X, Zhang G, Peng Q, Huang L, Zhang Z, Zhang Z. Emerging Roles of Meningeal Lymphatic Vessels in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 94:S355-S366. [PMID: 36683509 PMCID: PMC10473149 DOI: 10.3233/jad-221016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Meningeal lymphatic vessels (mLVs), the functional lymphatic system present in the meninges, are the key drainage route responsible for the clearance of molecules, immune cells, and cellular debris from the cerebrospinal fluid and interstitial fluid into deep cervical lymph nodes. Aging and ApoE4, the two most important risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD), induce mLV dysfunction, decrease cerebrospinal fluid influx and outflux, and exacerbate amyloid pathology and cognitive dysfunction. Dysfunction of mLVs results in the deposition of metabolic products, accelerates neuroinflammation, and promotes the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the brain. Thus, mLVs represent a novel therapeutic target for treating neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory diseases. This review aims to summarize the structure and function of mLVs and to discuss the potential effect of aging and ApoE4 on mLV dysfunction, as well as their roles in the pathogenesis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Guo
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guoxin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qinyu Peng
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liqin Huang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaohui Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhentao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Yuan Q, Bao B, Li M, Tang Y. Bioactive Composite Nanoparticles for Effective Microenvironment Regulation, Neuroprotection, and Cell Differentiation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:15623-15631. [PMID: 35322659 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c00579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Brain injuries typically result in neural tissue damage and trigger a permanent neurologic deficit. Current methods exhibit limited effects due to the harsh microenvironment of injury regions rich in reactive oxygen species (ROS). Herein, a microenvironment regulation combined with cellular differentiation strategy is designed for repairing injured nerves. We prepare PMNT/F@D-NP nanoparticles comprising a bioactive polythiophene derivative (PMNT) and fullerenol as a multifunctional theranostic nanoplatform. PMNT/F@D-NPs can significantly reduce the accumulation of ROS in the simulated ischemic brain injury trial and inhibit cell apoptosis due to the effective free radical scavenging ability of fullerenol. Interestingly, the bioactive PMNT/F@D-NPs can promote the proliferation and differentiation of neurons, confirmed by immunofluorescence and western blotting studies. This newly developed strategy exhibits a combinatorial therapeutic effect by promoting nerve cell survival and differentiation while improving the microenvironment in the damaged area, which paves the way for the rational design of multifunctional agents for brain injury therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Benkai Bao
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Meiqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Yanli Tang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
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2D Ti 3C 2T xMXene couples electrical stimulation to promote proliferation and neural differentiation of neural stem cells. Acta Biomater 2022; 139:105-117. [PMID: 33348061 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Preclinical studies involving stem cells require efficient physiochemical regulations on the fate of such cells. Because of their unique planar structure, metallic conductivity, and flexible surface functionalization, MXenes show potential for modulating stem cell fate. Here, the Ti3C2TxMXenenanosheets are dispersed on tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS). When primary mouse neural stem cells (NSCs) are cultured on laminin-coated Ti3C2TxMXene film, they form stable adhesion, retain their proliferative ability, and show extensive spreading of terminal extensions. With respect to their functional activity, NSCs cultured on Ti3C2TxMXene films form more active and synchronous network activity than those cultured on TCPS substrates. Moreover, Ti3C2TxMXene film significantly promotes the neural differentiation and the neurons have longer neurites and greater numbers of branch points and branch tips. NSC-derived neurons grown on the Ti3C2Tx MXene film preserved normal synapse development. Finally, electrical stimulation coupled with Ti3C2TxMXene film significantly enhances the proliferation of NSCs. These results indicate that Ti3C2TxMXene is an efficient interface for the proliferation and neural differentiation of NSC and the maturation of NSC-derived neurons, which expands the potential uses of the MXene family of materials and provides new strategies for stem cell studies. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The 2DTi3C2TxMXenenanosheets were applied to be an interface for regulating neural stem cells (NSCs). NSCs cultured on Ti3C2TxMXene film possessed higher proliferative ability with higher and more synchronous electrical activities. Moreover, Ti3C2TxMXene film significantly promoted the neural differentiation ratio of NSCs, and the neurons derived from NSCs cultured on Ti3C2TxMXene film had longer neurites and greater numbers of branch points and branch tips.When electrical stimulation was applied to NSCs via the Ti3C2TxMXene film, it significantly enhanced the proliferation of NSCs. This work expands the potential uses of the MXene family of materials and provides new strategies for stem cell studies.
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Yan M, Nada OA, Fu LL, Li DZ, Feng HC, Chen LM, Gosau M, Friedrich RE, Smeets R. A comparative study on the secretion of various cytokines by pulp stem cells at different passages and their neurogenic potential. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2021; 166:161-167. [PMID: 34747415 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2021.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS By measuring the extent of cytokines secreted by human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) from passages 2 through 10, the optimal passage of hDPSCs was determined. This offers a potential theoretical basis for the treatment of neurological disorders. METHOD After isolation and culture of hDPSCs from human teeth, the morphological features of the cells were observed under an inverted microscope. hDPSCs were identified by their immunophenotypes and their multiple differentiation capability. Cytokine concentrations secreted in the supernatants at passages 2-10 were detected by ELISA. RESULTS hDPSCs were viewed as fusiform or polygonal in shape, with a bulging cell body, homogenized cytoplasm, and a clear nucleus. Moreover, they could differentiate into neuroblasts in vitro. hDPSCs at passage 3 were positive for CD29 (91.5%), CD73 (94.8%) and CD90 (96.7%), but negative for the hematopoietic markers CD34 (0.13%). ELISA results showed that hDPSCs at passage 3 had the highest secretion levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and nerve growth factor (NGF), with the highest secretion level of Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) being at passage 2. CONCLUSION hDPSCs have steady biological features of stem cells and exhibit optimal proliferation potential. hDPSCs at different passages have different capacities in the secretion of VEGF, BDNF, NGF, and NT-3. In conclusion cytokines secreted by hDPSCs may prove to be appropriate in the treatment of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guiyang Hospital of Stomatology, Guiyang, 050017, PR China
| | - Ola A Nada
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21500, Egypt
| | - Ling-Ling Fu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guiyang Hospital of Stomatology, Guiyang, 050017, PR China
| | - Dong-Zhen Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hebei Eye Hospital, Xingtai, 054000, China
| | - Hong-Chao Feng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guiyang Hospital of Stomatology, Guiyang, 050017, PR China
| | - Li-Ming Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guiyang Hospital of Stomatology, Guiyang, 050017, PR China
| | - Martin Gosau
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Reinhard E Friedrich
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Ralf Smeets
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
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Chen Y, Song F, Tu M, Wu S, He X, Liu H, Xu C, Zhang K, Zhu Y, Zhou R, Jin C, Wang P, Zhang H, Tian M. Quantitative proteomics revealed extensive microenvironmental changes after stem cell transplantation in ischemic stroke. Front Med 2021; 16:429-441. [PMID: 34241786 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-021-0842-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The local microenvironment is essential to stem cell-based therapy for ischemic stroke, and spatiotemporal changes of the microenvironment in the pathological process provide vital clues for understanding the therapeutic mechanisms. However, relevant studies on microenvironmental changes were mainly confined in the acute phase of stroke, and long-term changes remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the microenvironmental changes in the subacute and chronic phases of ischemic stroke after stem cell transplantation. Herein, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and neural stem cells (NSCs) were transplanted into the ischemic brain established by middle cerebral artery occlusion surgery. Positron emission tomography imaging and neurological tests were applied to evaluate the metabolic and neurofunctional alterations of rats transplanted with stem cells. Quantitative proteomics was employed to investigate the protein expression profiles in iPSCs-transplanted brain in the subacute and chronic phases of stroke. Compared with NSCs-transplanted rats, significantly increased glucose metabolism and neurofunctional scores were observed in iPSCs-transplanted rats. Subsequent proteomic data of iPSCs-transplanted rats identified a total of 39 differentially expressed proteins in the subacute and chronic phases, which are involved in various ischemic stroke-related biological processes, including neuronal survival, axonal remodeling, antioxidative stress, and mitochondrial function restoration. Taken together, our study indicated that iPSCs have a positive therapeutic effect in ischemic stroke and emphasized the wide-ranging microenvironmental changes in the subacute and chronic phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Department of Radiology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310030, China
| | - Fahuan Song
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Mengjiao Tu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Department of PET Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Xiao He
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Caiyun Xu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Yuankai Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Chentao Jin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.,College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China. .,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China. .,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China. .,Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China. .,Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China. .,College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| | - Mei Tian
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China. .,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China. .,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
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Characteristics, Classification, and Application of Stem Cells Derived from Human Teeth. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:8886854. [PMID: 34194509 PMCID: PMC8184333 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8886854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Since mesenchymal stem cells derived from human teeth are characterized as having the properties of excellent proliferation, multilineage differentiation, and immune regulation. Dental stem cells exhibit fibroblast-like microscopic appearance and express mesenchymal markers, embryonic markers, and vascular markers but do not express hematopoietic markers. Dental stem cells are a mixed population with different sensitive markers, characteristics, and therapeutic effects. Single or combined surface markers are not only helpful for understanding the subpopulation of mixed stem cell populations according to cell function but also for improving the stable treatment effect of dental stem cells. Focusing on the discovery and characterization of stem cells isolated from human teeth over the past 20 years, this review outlines the effect of marker sorting on cell proliferation and differentiation ability and the assessment of the clinical application potential. Classified dental stem cells from markers and functional molecules can solve the problem of heterogeneity and ensure the efficacy of cell therapy strategies including dentistry, neurologic diseases, bone repair, and tissue engineering.
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Wei N, Sun Z, Yu J, Jia Y, Zheng P, Tang H, Chen J. Immunological Responses to Transgene-Modified Neural Stem Cells After Transplantation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:697203. [PMID: 34248998 PMCID: PMC8262771 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.697203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cell (NSC) therapy is a promising therapeutic strategy for stroke. Researchers have frequently carried out genetic modification or gene editing of stem cells to improve survival or therapeutic function. However, NSC transplantation carries the risk of immune rejection, and genetic modification or gene-editing might further increase this risk. For instance, recent studies have reported on manipulating the stem cell genome and transplantation via the insertion of an exogenous gene derived from magnetotactic bacteria. However, whether transgene-modified stem cells are capable of inducing immunological reactions has not been explored. Although NSCs rarely express the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), they can still cause some immunological issues. To investigate whether transgene-modified NSCs aggravate immunological responses, we detected the changes in peripheral immune organs and intracerebral astrocytes, glial cells, and MHC-I and MHC-II molecules after the injection of GFP-labeled or mms6-GFP-labeled NSCs in a rat model. Xenogeneic human embryonic kidney (HEK-293T) cells were grafted as a positive control group. Our results indicated that xenogeneic cell transplantation resulted in a strong peripheral splenic response, increased astrocytes, enhanced microglial responses, and upregulation of MHC-I and MHC-II expression on the third day of transplantation. But they decreased obviously except Iba-1 positive cells and MHC-II expression. When injection of both mms6-GFP-labeled NSCs and GFP-labeled NSCs also induced similar responses as HEK-293T cells on the third days, but MHC-I and MHC-II expression decreased 3 weeks after transplantation. In addition, mms6 transgene-modified NSCs did not produce peripheral splenic response responses as well as astrocytes, microglial cells, MHC-I and MHC-II positive cells responses when compared with non-modified NSCs. The present study provides preliminary evidence that transgenic modification does not aggravate immunological responses in NSC transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naili Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenxing Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jimei Yu
- Department of Nursing, Huashan Hospital North, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanfei Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Peiqi Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Guangdong, China
| | - Hailiang Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Hailiang Tang, ; Jian Chen,
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Hailiang Tang, ; Jian Chen,
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Novel carbon film induces precocious calcium oscillation to promote neuronal cell maturation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17661. [PMID: 33077786 PMCID: PMC7573613 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74535-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Different types of carbon materials are biocompatible with neural cells and can promote maturation. The mechanism of this effect is not clear. Here we have tested the capacity of a carbon material composed of amorphous sp3 carbon backbone, embedded with a percolating network of sp2 carbon domains to sustain neuronal cultures. We found that cortical neurons survive and develop faster on this novel carbon material. After 3 days in culture, there is a precocious increase in the frequency of neuronal activity and in the expression of maturation marker KCC2 on carbon films as compared to a commonly used glass surface. Accelerated development is accompanied by a dramatic increase in neuronal dendrite arborization. The mechanism for the precocious maturation involves the activation of intracellular calcium oscillations by the carbon material already after 1 day in culture. Carbon-induced oscillations are independent of network activity and reflect intrinsic spontaneous activation of developing neurons. Thus, these results reveal a novel mechanism for carbon material-induced neuronal survival and maturation.
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10
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Khodadadian A, Darzi S, Haghi-Daredeh S, Sadat Eshaghi F, Babakhanzadeh E, Mirabutalebi SH, Nazari M. Genomics and Transcriptomics: The Powerful Technologies in Precision Medicine. Int J Gen Med 2020; 13:627-640. [PMID: 32982380 PMCID: PMC7509479 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s249970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In a clinical trial, people with the same disease can show different responses after treatment with the same drug and exactly under the same conditions. Some of them may improve, some may not show any response, and occasionally side effects may be observed. In other words, people with the same disease process under the same therapeutic conditions may have different responses. Today, some diseases are resistant to conventional (standard) treatment procedures. Why do people with the same disease show different responses to the treatment with the same drug? This is primarily due to differences in molecular pathways (especially genetic variations) associated with the disease. On the other hand, designing and delivery of a new drug is a time-consuming and costly process, so any mistake in any stage of this process can have irreparable consequences for pharmaceutical companies and consumer patients. Therefore, we can achieve more accurate and reliable treatments by acquiring precise insight into different aspects of precision medicine including genomics and transcriptomics. The aim of this paper is to address the role of genomics and transcriptomics in precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Khodadadian
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Somaye Darzi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Saeed Haghi-Daredeh
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Sadat Eshaghi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Biotechnology Research Center, International Campus, Shahid Sadoughi University of Science, Yazd, Iran
| | - Emad Babakhanzadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Yazd Medical Genetics Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Majid Nazari
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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11
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Purvis EM, O'Donnell JC, Chen HI, Cullen DK. Tissue Engineering and Biomaterial Strategies to Elicit Endogenous Neuronal Replacement in the Brain. Front Neurol 2020; 11:344. [PMID: 32411087 PMCID: PMC7199479 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurogenesis in the postnatal mammalian brain is known to occur in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and the subventricular zone. These neurogenic niches serve as endogenous sources of neural precursor cells that could potentially replace neurons that have been lost or damaged throughout the brain. As an example, manipulation of the subventricular zone to augment neurogenesis has become a popular strategy for attempting to replace neurons that have been lost due to acute brain injury or neurodegenerative disease. In this review article, we describe current experimental strategies to enhance the regenerative potential of endogenous neural precursor cell sources by enhancing cell proliferation in neurogenic regions and/or redirecting migration, including pharmacological, biomaterial, and tissue engineering strategies. In particular, we discuss a novel replacement strategy based on exogenously biofabricated "living scaffolds" that could enhance and redirect endogenous neuroblast migration from the subventricular zone to specified regions throughout the brain. This approach utilizes the first implantable, biomimetic tissue-engineered rostral migratory stream, thereby leveraging the brain's natural mechanism for sustained neuronal replacement by replicating the structure and function of the native rostral migratory stream. Across all these strategies, we discuss several challenges that need to be overcome to successfully harness endogenous neural precursor cells to promote nervous system repair and functional restoration. With further development, the diverse and innovative tissue engineering and biomaterial strategies explored in this review have the potential to facilitate functional neuronal replacement to mitigate neurological and psychiatric symptoms caused by injury, developmental disorders, or neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M. Purvis
- Center for Brain Injury & Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - John C. O'Donnell
- Center for Brain Injury & Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - H. Isaac Chen
- Center for Brain Injury & Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - D. Kacy Cullen
- Center for Brain Injury & Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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12
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Tai W, Xu XM, Zhang CL. Regeneration Through in vivo Cell Fate Reprogramming for Neural Repair. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:107. [PMID: 32390804 PMCID: PMC7193690 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS) has very limited regenerative capacity upon neural injuries or under degenerative conditions. In recent years, however, significant progress has been made on in vivo cell fate reprogramming for neural regeneration. Resident glial cells can be reprogrammed into neuronal progenitors and mature neurons in the CNS of adult mammals. In this review article, we briefly summarize the current knowledge on innate adult neurogenesis under pathological conditions and then focus on induced neurogenesis through cell fate reprogramming. We discuss how the reprogramming process can be regulated and raise critical issues requiring careful considerations to move the field forward. With emerging evidence, we envision that fate reprogramming-based regenerative medicine will have a great potential for treating neurological conditions such as brain injury, spinal cord injury (SCI), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjiao Tai
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.,Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Xiao-Ming Xu
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Chun-Li Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.,Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
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13
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Csobonyeiova M, Polak S, Danisovic L. Recent Overview of the Use of iPSCs Huntington's Disease Modeling and Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062239. [PMID: 32213859 PMCID: PMC7139425 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington’s disease (HD) is an inherited, autosomal dominant, degenerative disease characterized by involuntary movements, cognitive decline, and behavioral impairment ending in death. HD is caused by an expansion in the number of CAG repeats in the huntingtin gene on chromosome 4. To date, no effective therapy for preventing the onset or progression of the disease has been found, and many symptoms do not respond to pharmacologic treatment. However, recent results of pre-clinical trials suggest a beneficial effect of stem-cell-based therapy. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) represent an unlimited cell source and are the most suitable among the various types of autologous stem cells due to their patient specificity and ability to differentiate into a variety of cell types both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the cultivation of iPSC-derived neural cells offers the possibility of studying the etiopathology of neurodegenerative diseases, such as HD. Moreover, differentiated neural cells can organize into three-dimensional (3D) organoids, mimicking the complex architecture of the brain. In this article, we present a comprehensive review of recent HD models, the methods for differentiating HD–iPSCs into the desired neural cell types, and the progress in gene editing techniques leading toward stem-cell-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Csobonyeiova
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Stefan Polak
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Lubos Danisovic
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Regenmed Ltd., Medena 29, 811 01 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +421-2-59357215
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14
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Xia X, Li C, Wang Y, Deng X, Ma Y, Ding L, Zheng J. Reprogrammed astrocytes display higher neurogenic competence, migration ability and cell death resistance than reprogrammed fibroblasts. Transl Neurodegener 2020; 9:6. [PMID: 32071715 PMCID: PMC7011554 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-020-0184-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The direct reprogramming of somatic cells into induced neural progenitor cells (iNPCs) has been envisioned as a promising approach to overcome ethical and clinical issues of pluripotent stem cell transplantation. We previously reported that astrocyte-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have more tendencies for neuronal differentiation than fibroblast-derived iPSCs. However, the differences of neurogenic potential between astrocyte-derived iNPCs (AiNPCs) and iNPCs from non-neural origins, such as fibroblast-derived iNPCs (FiNPCs), and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Our results suggested that AiNPCs exhibited higher differentiation efficiency, mobility and survival capacities, compared to FiNPCs. The whole transcriptome analysis revealed higher activities of TGFβ signaling in AiNPCs, versus FiNPCs, following a similar trend between astrocytes and fibroblasts. The higher neurogenic competence, migration ability, and cell death resistance of AiNPCs could be abrogated using TGFβ signaling inhibitor LY2157299. Hence, our study demonstrates the difference between iNPCs generated from neural and non-neural cells, together with the underlying mechanisms, which, provides valuable information for donor cell selection in the reprogramming approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohuan Xia
- 1Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Chunhong Li
- 1Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Yi Wang
- 1Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Xiaobei Deng
- 1Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Yizhao Ma
- 1Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Lu Ding
- 1Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Jialin Zheng
- 1Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China.,2Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China.,3Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5930 USA.,4Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center,, Omaha, NE 68198-5930 USA
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15
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Ma K, Deng X, Xia X, Fan Z, Qi X, Wang Y, Li Y, Ma Y, Chen Q, Peng H, Ding J, Li C, Huang Y, Tian C, Zheng JC. Direct conversion of mouse astrocytes into neural progenitor cells and specific lineages of neurons. Transl Neurodegener 2018; 7:29. [PMID: 30410751 PMCID: PMC6217767 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-018-0132-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cell replacement therapy has been envisioned as a promising treatment for neurodegenerative diseases. Due to the ethical concerns of ESCs-derived neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and tumorigenic potential of iPSCs, reprogramming of somatic cells directly into multipotent NPCs has emerged as a preferred approach for cell transplantation. Methods Mouse astrocytes were reprogrammed into NPCs by the overexpression of transcription factors (TFs) Foxg1, Sox2, and Brn2. The generation of subtypes of neurons was directed by the force expression of cell-type specific TFs Lhx8 or Foxa2/Lmx1a. Results Astrocyte-derived induced NPCs (AiNPCs) share high similarities, including the expression of NPC-specific genes, DNA methylation patterns, the ability to proliferate and differentiate, with the wild type NPCs. The AiNPCs are committed to the forebrain identity and predominantly differentiated into glutamatergic and GABAergic neuronal subtypes. Interestingly, additional overexpression of TFs Lhx8 and Foxa2/Lmx1a in AiNPCs promoted cholinergic and dopaminergic neuronal differentiation, respectively. Conclusions Our studies suggest that astrocytes can be converted into AiNPCs and lineage-committed AiNPCs can acquire differentiation potential of other lineages through forced expression of specific TFs. Understanding the impact of the TF sets on the reprogramming and differentiation into specific lineages of neurons will provide valuable strategies for astrocyte-based cell therapy in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangmu Ma
- 1Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China.,3Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5930 USA
| | - Xiaobei Deng
- 1Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Xiaohuan Xia
- 1Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Zhaohuan Fan
- 1Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Xinrui Qi
- 1Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Yongxiang Wang
- 1Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China.,3Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5930 USA
| | - Yuju Li
- 1Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China.,3Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5930 USA
| | - Yizhao Ma
- 1Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Qiang Chen
- 1Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China.,3Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5930 USA
| | - Hui Peng
- 3Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5930 USA
| | - Jianqing Ding
- 4Department of Neurology & Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Chunhong Li
- 1Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Yunlong Huang
- 1Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China.,3Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5930 USA
| | - Changhai Tian
- 1Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China.,3Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5930 USA
| | - Jialin C Zheng
- 1Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China.,2Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China.,3Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5930 USA.,5Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5930 USA
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16
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Niu W, Zang T, Wang LL, Zou Y, Zhang CL. Phenotypic Reprogramming of Striatal Neurons into Dopaminergic Neuron-like Cells in the Adult Mouse Brain. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 11:1156-1170. [PMID: 30318292 PMCID: PMC6234859 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal subtype is largely fixed in the adult mammalian brain. Here, however, we unexpectedly reveal that adult mouse striatal neurons can be reprogrammed into dopaminergic neuron-like cells (iDALs). This in vivo phenotypic reprogramming can be promoted by a stem cell factor (SOX2), three dopaminergic neuron-enriched transcription regulators (NURR1, LMX1A, and FOXA2), and a chemical compound (valproic acid). Although the site of action of the reprogramming factors remains to be determined, immunohistochemistry and genetic lineage mappings confirm striatal neurons as the cell origin for iDALs. iDALs exhibit electrophysiological properties stereotypical to endogenous dopaminergic rather than striatal neurons. Together, these results indicate that neuronal phenotype can be reengineered even in the adult brain, implicating a therapeutic strategy for neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenze Niu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6000 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Tong Zang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6000 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Lei-Lei Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6000 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yuhua Zou
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6000 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Chun-Li Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6000 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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17
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Meas SJ, Zhang CL, Dabdoub A. Reprogramming Glia Into Neurons in the Peripheral Auditory System as a Solution for Sensorineural Hearing Loss: Lessons From the Central Nervous System. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:77. [PMID: 29593497 PMCID: PMC5861218 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Disabling hearing loss affects over 5% of the world’s population and impacts the lives of individuals from all age groups. Within the next three decades, the worldwide incidence of hearing impairment is expected to double. Since a leading cause of hearing loss is the degeneration of primary auditory neurons (PANs), the sensory neurons of the auditory system that receive input from mechanosensory hair cells in the cochlea, it may be possible to restore hearing by regenerating PANs. A direct reprogramming approach can be used to convert the resident spiral ganglion glial cells into induced neurons to restore hearing. This review summarizes recent advances in reprogramming glia in the CNS to suggest future steps for regenerating the peripheral auditory system. In the coming years, direct reprogramming of spiral ganglion glial cells has the potential to become one of the leading biological strategies to treat hearing impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Meas
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Chun-Li Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Alain Dabdoub
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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18
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Ghaffari LT, Starr A, Nelson AT, Sattler R. Representing Diversity in the Dish: Using Patient-Derived in Vitro Models to Recreate the Heterogeneity of Neurological Disease. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:56. [PMID: 29479303 PMCID: PMC5812426 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurological diseases, including dementias such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and fronto-temporal dementia (FTD) and degenerative motor neuron diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), are responsible for an increasing fraction of worldwide fatalities. Researching these heterogeneous diseases requires models that endogenously express the full array of genetic and epigenetic factors which may influence disease development in both familial and sporadic patients. Here, we discuss the two primary methods of developing patient-derived neurons and glia to model neurodegenerative disease: reprogramming somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which are differentiated into neurons or glial cells, or directly converting (DC) somatic cells into neurons (iNeurons) or glial cells. Distinct differentiation techniques for both models result in a variety of neuronal and glial cell types, which have been successful in displaying unique hallmarks of a variety of neurological diseases. Yield, length of differentiation, ease of genetic manipulation, expression of cell-specific markers, and recapitulation of disease pathogenesis are presented as determining factors in how these methods may be used separately or together to ascertain mechanisms of disease and identify therapeutics for distinct patient populations or for specific individuals in personalized medicine projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layla T Ghaffari
- Department of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Dignity Health-St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Alexander Starr
- Department of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Dignity Health-St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Andrew T Nelson
- Department of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Dignity Health-St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Rita Sattler
- Department of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Dignity Health-St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, United States
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19
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Stem Cells in Alzheimer’s Disease: Current Standing and Future Challenges. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1079:93-102. [DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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20
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Engineering new neurons: in vivo reprogramming in mammalian brain and spinal cord. Cell Tissue Res 2017; 371:201-212. [PMID: 29170823 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-017-2729-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neurons are postmitotic. Once lost because of injury or degeneration, they do not regenerate in most regions of the mammalian central nervous system. Recent advancements nevertheless clearly reveal that new neurons can be reprogrammed from non-neuronal cells, especially glial cells, in the adult mammalian brain and spinal cord. Here, we give a brief overview concerning cell fate reprogramming in vivo and then focus on the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms. Specifically, we critically review the cellular sources and the reprogramming factors for in vivo neuronal conversion. Influences of environmental cues and the challenges ahead are also discussed. The ability of inducing new neurons from an abundant and broadly distributed non-neuronal cell source brings new perspectives regarding regeneration-based therapies for traumatic brain and spinal cord injuries and degenerative diseases.
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21
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Three-Dimensional Organoid System Transplantation Technologies in Future Treatment of Central Nervous System Diseases. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:5682354. [PMID: 28904534 PMCID: PMC5585580 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5682354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, scientists have made great achievements in understanding the development of human brain and elucidating critical elements of stepwise spatiotemporal control strategies in neural stem cell specification lineage, which facilitates successful induction of neural organoid in vitro including the cerebral cortex, cerebellar, neural tube, hippocampus cortex, pituitary, and optic cup. Besides, emerging researches on neural organogenesis promote the application of 3D organoid system transplantation in treating central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Present review will categorize current researches on organogenesis into three approaches: (a) stepwise, direct organization of region-specific or population-enriched neural organoid; (b) assemble and direct distinct organ-specific progenitor cells or stem cells to form specific morphogenesis organoid; and (c) assemble embryoid bodies for induction of multilayer organoid. However, the majority of these researches focus on elucidating cellular and molecular mechanisms involving in brain organogenesis or disease development and only a few of them conducted for treating diseases. In this work, we will compare three approaches and also analyze their possible indications for diseases in future treatment on the basis of their distinct characteristics.
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22
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The Role of Stem Cells in the Treatment of Cerebral Palsy: a Review. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:4963-4972. [PMID: 27520277 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0030-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a neuromuscular disease due to injury in the infant's brain. The CP disorder causes many neurologic dysfunctions in the patient. Various treatment methods have been used for the management of CP disorder. However, there has been no absolute cure for this condition. Furthermore, some of the procedures which are currently used for relief of symptoms in CP cause discomfort or side effects in the patient. Recently, stem cell therapy has attracted a huge interest as a new therapeutic method for treatment of CP. Several investigations in animal and human with CP have demonstrated positive potential of stem cell transplantation for the treatment of CP disorder. The ultimate goal of this therapeutic method is to harness the regenerative capacity of the stem cells causing a formation of new tissues to replace the damaged tissue. During the recent years, there have been many investigations on stem cell therapy. However, there are still many unclear issues regarding this method and high effort is needed to create a technology as a perfect treatment. This review will discuss the scientific background of stem cell therapy for cerebral palsy including evidences from current clinical trials.
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Salem H, Rocha NP, Colpo GD, Teixeira AL. Moving from the Dish to the Clinical Practice: A Decade of Lessons and Perspectives from the Pre-Clinical and Clinical Stem Cell Studies for Alzheimer’s Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 53:1209-30. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-160250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haitham Salem
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Neuropsychiatry Program, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Lübeck, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | - Natalia Pessoa Rocha
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Neuropsychiatry Program, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gabriela Delevati Colpo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Neuropsychiatry Program, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Antonio Lucio Teixeira
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Neuropsychiatry Program, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
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