1
|
Staroń A, Pucelik B, Barzowska A, Kijania-Kontak M, Staroń P. Antimicrobial properties of WCO-based composites enriched with hops and curly sorrel for green building solutions. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0307452. [PMID: 39024374 PMCID: PMC11257301 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Modern production of vegetable oils has reached impressive levels, and the ever-growing quantities of waste cooking oil (WCO) provide a local source of raw materials for innovative materials. The WCO composite production process involves a series of reactions, including polymerisation, esterification, and transesterification, which lead to the hardening of composite materials. In light of the growing problem of bacterial and fungal diseases, materials with high strength properties and biocidal properties are being sought. Fungal infections of the skin are a widespread problem, and the number of cases is steadily increasing. This article presents a study of the antibacterial potential of WCO-based composites enriched with hops or sorrel root in the context of their application in the construction industry. The compressive and flexural strength of the oil composites, their absorbability and hydrophobicity, and their effects on Gram-positive (S. aureus and S. epidermidis) and Gram-negative (E. coli and P. aeruginosa) bacteria and fungi (A. niger, P. anomala) were investigated. Maximum split tensile strength (4.3 MPa) and flexural strength (5.1 MPa) were recorded for oil-hop composites. Oil composites enriched with curly sorrel and hops showed antibacterial activity against S. aureus at 27% and 25%. High biocidal activity (up to 70%) was recorded against E. coli and against S. epidermidis (up to 99%) due to the action of composites with curly sorrel. The antifungal activities of composites with hops was 15% and 19% for P. anomala and A. niger, respectively, while with curly sorrel they were 42% and 30%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Staroń
- Department of Engineering and Chemical Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - Barbara Pucelik
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
| | - Agata Barzowska
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
| | - Magda Kijania-Kontak
- Department of Civil Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - Paweł Staroń
- Department of Engineering and Chemical Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Borucka M, Mizera K, Przybysz J, Kozikowski P, Gajek A. Analysis of Flammability and Smoke Emission of Plastic Materials Used in Construction and Transport. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:2444. [PMID: 36984324 PMCID: PMC10054394 DOI: 10.3390/ma16062444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study provides valuable data on the specific toxic products that could be released from the commercially used, flexible polyurethane foams (FPUFs) during a fire. The steady-state tube furnace (Purser furnace) was used to generate combustion and thermal degradation products under different fire conditions. The concentrations of asphyxiates and irritant gases were determined using a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy gas analyser. The volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds released in the fire effluents were collected using the solid-phase microextraction technique and identified by gas chromatography with a mass selective detector. In addition, the thermal stability of the FPUFs was evaluated by simultaneous thermal analysis. The cone calorimetry test was used to determine the flame retardancy of the selected materials. The obtained results show that the emission of carbon monoxide and hydrogen cyanide during the thermal degradation and combustion of the tested foams exceeded the permissible values and pose a serious threat to human life and health. Moreover, substituted benzenes, aldehydes, and polycyclic hydrocarbons were found in the released gases during all of the test conditions.
Collapse
|
3
|
Innovations in the synthesis of graphene nanostructures for bio and gas sensors. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 145:213234. [PMID: 36502548 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sensors play a significant role in modern technologies and devices used in industries, hospitals, healthcare, nanotechnology, astronomy, and meteorology. Sensors based upon nanostructured materials have gained special attention due to their high sensitivity, precision accuracy, and feasibility. This review discusses the fabrication of graphene-based biosensors and gas sensors, which have highly efficient performance. Significant developments in the synthesis routes to fabricate graphene-based materials with improved structural and surface properties have boosted their utilization in sensing applications. The higher surface area, better conductivity, tunable structure, and atom-thick morphology of these hybrid materials have made them highly desirable for the fabrication of flexible and stable sensors. Many publications have reported various modification approaches to improve the selectivity of these materials. In the current work, a compact and informative review focusing on the most recent developments in graphene-based biosensors and gas sensors has been designed and delivered. The research community has provided a complete critical analysis of the most robust case studies from the latest fabrication routes to the most complex challenges. Some significant ideas and solutions have been proposed to overcome the limitations regarding the field of biosensors and hazardous gas sensors.
Collapse
|
4
|
Muhammed Raji A, Hambali HU, Khan ZI, Binti Mohamad Z, Azman H, Ogabi R. Emerging trends in flame retardancy of rigid polyurethane foam and its composites: A review. J CELL PLAST 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/0021955x221144564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Owing to the superior thermal insulating attributes of rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) compared to other insulating materials (expanded and extruded polystyrene, mineral wool), it remains the most dominant insulating material and most studied polymer foam. Like other polyurethane foam, RPUF is highly flammable, necessitating the incorporation of flame retardants (FR) during production to lower combustibility, promoting its continuous use as insulation material in construction, transportation, and others. The popular approaches for correcting the high flammability of RPUF are copolymerization and blending (with FR). The second method has proven to be most effective as there are limited trade-offs in RPUF properties. Meanwhile, the high flammability of RPUF is still a significant hindrance in emerging applications (sensors, space travel, and others), and this has continuously inspired research in the flame retardancy of RPUF. In this study, properties, and preparation methods of RPUF are described, factors responsible for the high flammability of PUF are discussed, and flame retardancy of RPUF is thoroughly reviewed. Notably, most FR for RPUF are inorganic nanoparticles, lignin, intumescent FR systems of expandable graphite (EG), ammonium polyphosphate (APP), and hybridized APP or EG with other FR. These could be due to their ease of processing, low cost, and being environmentally benign. Elaborate discussion on RPUF FR mechanisms were also highlighted. Lastly, a summary and future perspectives in fireproofing RPUF are provided, which could inspire the design of new FR for RPUF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulwasiu Muhammed Raji
- Enhanced Polymer Research Group, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
- Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Malaysia
- Department of Polymer and Textile Technology, Yaba College of Technology, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Hambali Umar Hambali
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Zahid Iqbal Khan
- Enhanced Polymer Research Group, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Zurina Binti Mohamad
- Enhanced Polymer Research Group, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
- Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Malaysia
| | - Hassan Azman
- Enhanced Polymer Research Group, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
- Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Malaysia
| | - Raphael Ogabi
- INSA Center Val de Loire, University Orleans, Bourges, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Polyurethane/Vermiculite Foam Composite as Sustainable Material for Vertical Flame Retardant. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14183777. [PMID: 36145923 PMCID: PMC9504044 DOI: 10.3390/polym14183777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rigid polyurethane foams were prepared by the one-step expandable foam method using casting molding followed by forming clay-based composites. Polyurethane/vermiculite foam composites (PU/VMT) were controlled based on adding the percentage of clay in the formulation. The effects of composite modifications were evaluated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DTG), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDS) applied to the flame retardancy explored by the vertical burn test. The results indicated that adding clay controlled the particle size concerning polyurethane (PU) foams. However, they exhibited spherical structures with closed cells with relatively uniform distribution. XRD analysis showed the peaks defined at 2θ = 18° and 2θ = 73° relative to the crystallinity in formation and interaction of rigid segments were identified, as well as the influence of crystallinity reduction in composites. In the flame test, the flame retardant surface was successful in all composites, given the success of the dispersibility and planar orientation of the clay layers and the existence of an ideal content of vermiculite (VMT) incorporated in the foam matrix.
Collapse
|
6
|
Li J, Wang S, Zhang G, Li H, Sun J, Gu X, Zhang S. Burning behavior analysis of polypropylene composite containing poly-siloxane encapsulated expandable graphite. Polym Degrad Stab 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.110006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
7
|
A Systematic Review and Bibliometric Analysis of Flame-Retardant Rigid Polyurethane Foam from 1963 to 2021. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14153011. [PMID: 35893975 PMCID: PMC9332328 DOI: 10.3390/polym14153011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Flame-retardant science and technology are sciences developed to prevent the occurrence of fire, meet the needs of social safety production, and protect people's lives and property. Rigid polyurethane (PU) is a polymer formed by the additional polymerization reaction of a molecule with two or more isocyanate functional groups with a polyol containing two or more reactive hydroxyl groups under a suitable catalyst and in an appropriate ratio. Rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) is a foam-like material with a large contact area with oxygen when burning, resulting in rapid combustion. At the same time, RPUF produces a lot of toxic gases when burning and endangers human health. Improving the flame-retardant properties of RPUF is an important theme in flame-retardant science and technology. This review discusses the development of flame-retardant RPUF through the lens of bibliometrics. A total of 194 articles are analyzed, spanning from 1963 to 2021. We describe the development and focus of this theme at different stages. The various directions of this theme are discussed through keyword co-occurrence and clustering analysis. Finally, we provide reasonable perspectives about the future research direction of this theme based on the bibliometric results.
Collapse
|
8
|
Li Y, Qi L, Liu Y, Qiao J, Wang M, Liu X, Li S. Recent Advances in Halogen-Free Flame Retardants for Polyolefin Cable Sheath Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14142876. [PMID: 35890652 PMCID: PMC9322620 DOI: 10.3390/polym14142876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
With the continuous advancements of urbanization, the demand for power cables is increasing to replace overhead lines for energy transmission and distribution. Due to undesirable scenarios, e.g., the short circuit or poor contact, the cables can cause fire. The cable sheath has a significant effect on fire expansion. Thus, it is of great significance to carry out research on flame-retardant modification for cable sheath material to prevent fire accidents. With the continuous environmental concern, polyolefin (PO) is expected to gradually replace polyvinyl chloride (PVC) for cable sheath material. Moreover, the halogen-free flame retardants (FRs), which are the focus of this paper, will replace the ones with halogen gradually. The halogen-free FRs used in PO cable sheath material can be divided into inorganic flame retardant, organic flame retardant, and intumescent flame retardant (IFR). However, most FRs will cause severe damage to the mechanical properties of the PO cable sheath material, mainly reflected in the elongation at break and tensile strength. Therefore, the cooperative modification of PO materials for flame retardancy and mechanical properties has become a research hotspot. For this review, about 240 works from the literature related to FRs used in PO materials were investigated. It is shown that the simultaneous improvement for flame retardancy and mechanical properties mainly focuses on surface treatment technology, nanotechnology, and the cooperative effect of multiple FRs. The principle is mainly to improve the compatibility of FRs with PO polymers and/or increase the efficiency of FRs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China; (L.Q.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (M.W.); (X.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Leijie Qi
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China; (L.Q.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (M.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Yifan Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China; (L.Q.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (M.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Junjie Qiao
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China; (L.Q.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (M.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Maotao Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China; (L.Q.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (M.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Xinyue Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China; (L.Q.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (M.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Shasha Li
- State Grid Hebei Baoding Electric Power Company Limited, Baoding 071051, China;
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Goudarzi R, Hashemi Motlagh G. Relationship between pore structure with residual pore and mechanical properties of expanded graphite nanocomposites at varying molding pressures. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rahimeh Goudarzi
- Advanced Polymer Materials & Processing Lab, School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran
| | - Ghodratollah Hashemi Motlagh
- Advanced Polymer Materials & Processing Lab, School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pang XY, Meng YF, Xin YP, Chang R, Xu JZ. Synergistic Effect between Modified Graphene Oxide and Ammonium Polyphosphate on Combustion Performance, Thermal Stability and Mechanical Properties of Polylactic Acid. INT POLYM PROC 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/ipp-2020-4028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
To improve the thermal stability, ZF-GO (graphene oxide (GO) modified by zinc ferrite (ZF)) is prepared. In view of the anti-dripping function of ZF-GO and flame retardant effect of ammonium polyphosphate (APP), the influence of ZF-GO, APP, mixture of ZF-GO and APP on combustion performance, thermal stability and mechanical properties of polylactic acid (PLA) is investigated. Results show that the modification of GO by ZF significantly improves the residue of ZFGO by 34.7%. The char-forming capability and unique network structure of ZF-GO prevent the melt dripping of PLA. Although APP can increase the limiting oxygen index of PLA, there is still melt dripping. The combination of ZF-GO and APP improves the residual yield of 94PLA/3ZF-GO/3APP by 4.3 times relative to pure PLA, and the UL-94 level reaches V-0. The two additives show synergistic char-forming effect, and there is both physical carbonization and chemical carbonization. The incorporated fillers can decrease the total heat release (THR) of PLA composites. Specifically, the THR and peak value of heat release rate of 94PLA/3ZF-GO/3APP decrease by 21.2% and 53.9%, respectively. For the PLA/ZF-GO/APP system, plenty of residues and the anti-dripping network structure are key factors to get good flame retardancy. Addition of ZFGO and APP reduces the tensile strength, but the tensile elongation of the modified PLA composites is improved. 94PLA/ 3ZF-GO/3APP shows good integrated performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X.-Y. Pang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University , Baoding , PRC
| | - Y.-F. Meng
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University , Baoding , PRC
| | - Y.-P. Xin
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University , Baoding , PRC
| | - R. Chang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University , Baoding , PRC
| | - J.-Z. Xu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University , Baoding , PRC
- Flame Retardant Material and Processing Technology Engineering Technology Research Center of Hebei Province; Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province , Hebei University , Baoding , PRC
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Graphene-Based Nanocomposites: Synthesis, Mechanical Properties, and Characterizations. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13172869. [PMID: 34502909 PMCID: PMC8434110 DOI: 10.3390/polym13172869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene-based nanocomposites possess excellent mechanical, electrical, thermal, optical, and chemical properties. These materials have potential applications in high-performance transistors, biomedical systems, sensors, and solar cells. This paper presents a critical review of the recent developments in graphene-based nanocomposite research, exploring synthesis methods, characterizations, mechanical properties, and thermal properties. Emphasis is placed on characterization techniques and mechanical properties with detailed examples from recent literature. The importance of characterization techniques including Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) for the characterization of graphene flakes and their composites were thoroughly discussed. Finally, the effect of graphene even at very low loadings on the mechanical properties of the composite matrix was extensively reviewed.
Collapse
|
12
|
Steady self-scrolling of graphene sheets upon the solvation status of adsorbed polyhexylthiophene. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
13
|
Mizera K, Sałasińska K, Ryszkowska J, Kurańska M, Kozera R. Effect of the Addition of Biobased Polyols on the Thermal Stability and Flame Retardancy of Polyurethane and Poly(urea)urethane Elastomers. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14071805. [PMID: 33917460 PMCID: PMC8038665 DOI: 10.3390/ma14071805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Due to the current trends in sustainable development and the reduction in the use of fossil fuels (Green Deal strategy and the circular economy), and thus, the increased interest of the polyurethane industry in polyols derived from renewable sources, it is important to study the impact of these polyols on the flammability of new bioelastomers. The goal of this study was to check the influence of biobased polyols, such as tall oil (TO)-based polyols, soybean oil (SO)-based polyol, and rapeseed oil (RO)-based polyol, on the reduction in the burning and fume emissions of polyurethane and poly(urea)urethane elastomers (EPURs and EPUURs). The thermal stability of these materials was tested using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). In turn, the flame retardancy and smoke emissions were checked using a cone calorimetry test. The released gases were identified using TGA coupled with Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy (TGA/FT-IR). Moreover, the morphological and structural characteristics of the char residues were characterized using FT-IR and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The obtained data were compared to the results received for elastomers produced with petroleum substrates. The addition of biobased polyols led to a reduction in the burning as a result of the formation of char, especially RO polyol. Moreover, the TO and RO polyols increased the thermal stability of the elastomers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Mizera
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Woloska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland; (J.R.); (R.K.)
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Aerosol Hazards, Central Institute for Labour Protection—National Research Institute, Czerniakowska 16, 00-701 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Kamila Sałasińska
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Aerosol Hazards, Central Institute for Labour Protection—National Research Institute, Czerniakowska 16, 00-701 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Joanna Ryszkowska
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Woloska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland; (J.R.); (R.K.)
| | - Maria Kurańska
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Rafał Kozera
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Woloska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland; (J.R.); (R.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tseng CC, Lin PY, Kirankumar R, Chuang ZW, Wu IH, Hsieh S. Surface degradation effects of carbonated soft drink on a resin based dental compound. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06400. [PMID: 33869827 PMCID: PMC8035514 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental compounds and restorative materials undergo surface degradation and erosion from exposure to a variety of dietary substances. In this study we investigated changes in the surface properties of Rebaron, a hard denture reline material (HDRM), following timed immersion in carbonated soft drinks to determine its durability in a common acidic environment. Samples were prepared and immersed in a carbonated soft drink (or its components) for 6, 12, or 24 h. Surface structure and mechanical properties were characterized using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Raman spectroscopy was used to identify changes in the HDRM surface chemistry following exposure to the test solutions. AFM revealed that prolonged exposure led to pit formation and a subsequent increase in surface roughness, from 302.02 ± 30.20 to 430.59 ± 15.07 nm Ra, following a 24 h exposure. Young's modulus values decreased from 9.3 ± 7.0 to 0.53 ± 0.26 GPa under the same conditions, demonstrating a softening and embrittlement of the HDRM sample. Raman results revealed that immersion in the carbonated soft drink or acidic solution changed the nature of the HDRM structure, converting the HDRM surface chemistry from primarily hydrophobic to hydrophilic. Our study indicates that sustainability and durability of Rebaron HDRM are significantly reduced by prolonged exposure to carbonated (acidic) soft drink, resulting in deformation and degradation of the material surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Chih Tseng
- Department of Dentistry, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, 81357, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien-Hai Rd., Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ying Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien-Hai Rd., Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Rajendranath Kirankumar
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien-Hai Rd., Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Zi-Wei Chuang
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien-Hai Rd., Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - I-Hsuan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien-Hai Rd., Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Shuchen Hsieh
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien-Hai Rd., Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan.,School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Rd., Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.,Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Rd., Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Peng T, Xiao R, Rong Z, Liu H, Hu Q, Wang S, Li X, Zhang J. Polymer Nanocomposite-based Coatings for Corrosion Protection. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:3915-3941. [PMID: 32979034 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Corrosion of metals induces enormous loss of material performance and increase of cost, which has been a common and intractable issue that needs to be addressed urgently. Coating technology has been acknowledged to be the most economic and efficient approach to retard the metal corrosion. For several decades, polymers have been recognized as an effective anticorrosion coating material in both industries and scientific communities, as they demonstrate good barrier properties, ease of altering properties and massive production. Nanomaterials show distinctively different physical and chemical properties compared with their bulk counterparts, which have been considered as highly promising functional materials in various applications, impacting virtually all the fields of science and technologies. Recently, the introduction of nanomaterials with various properties into polymer matrix to form a polymer nanocomposite has been devoted to improve anticorrosive ability of polymer coatings. In this review article, we highlight the recent advances and synopsis of these high-performance polymer nanocomposites as anticorrosive coating materials. We expect that this work could be helpful for the researchers who are interested in the development of functional nanomaterials and advanced corrosion protection technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu Peng
- Institute of Quantum and Sustainable Technology (IQST), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China
| | - Ruihou Xiao
- JUHUA Group Corporation Technology Centre, Quzhou, 324004, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyang Rong
- Institute of Quantum and Sustainable Technology (IQST), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China
| | - Haibo Liu
- JUHUA Group Corporation Technology Centre, Quzhou, 324004, P. R. China
| | - Qunyi Hu
- Zhejiang JUHUA Novel Materials Research Institute Co., Ltd, Lin'an, 311305, P. R. China
| | - Shuhua Wang
- Zhejiang JUHUA Novel Materials Research Institute Co., Ltd, Lin'an, 311305, P. R. China
| | - Xu Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138634, Singapore.,Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Jianming Zhang
- Institute of Quantum and Sustainable Technology (IQST), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Członka S, Strąkowska A, Kairytė A. The Impact of Hemp Shives Impregnated with Selected Plant Oils on Mechanical, Thermal, and Insulating Properties of Polyurethane Composite Foams. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13214709. [PMID: 33105707 PMCID: PMC7659977 DOI: 10.3390/ma13214709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Polyurethane (PUR) foams reinforced with 2 wt.% hemp shives (HS) fillers were successfully synthesized. Three different types of HS fillers were evaluated—non-treated HS, HS impregnated with sunflower oil (SO) and HS impregnated with tung oil (TO). The impact of each type of HS fillers on cellular morphology, mechanical performances, thermal stability, and flame retardancy was evaluated. It has been shown that the addition of HS fillers improved the mechanical characteristics of PUR foams. Among all modified series, the greatest improvement was observed after the incorporation of non-treated HS filler—when compared with neat foams, the value of compressive strength increased by ~13%. Moreover, the incorporation of impregnated HS fillers resulted in the improvement of thermal stability and flame retardancy of PUR foams. For example, the addition of both types of impregnated HS fillers significantly decreased the value of heat peak release (pHRR), total smoke release (TSR), and limiting oxygen index (LOI). Moreover, the PUR foams containing impregnated fillers were characterized by improved hydrophobicity and limited water uptake. The obtained results confirmed that the modification of PUR foams with non-treated and impregnated HS fillers may be a successful approach in producing polymeric composites with improved properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Członka
- Institute of Polymer & Dye Technology, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Strąkowska
- Institute of Polymer & Dye Technology, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Agnė Kairytė
- Laboratory of Thermal Insulating Materials and Acoustics, Institute of Building Materials, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Linkmenu st. 28, LT-08217 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Analysis on the Fire Growth Rate Index Considering of Scale Factor, Volume Fraction, and Ignition Heat Source for Polyethylene Foam Pipe Insulation. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13143644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The fire growth rate index (FIGRA), which is the ratio of the maximum value of the heat release rate (Qmax) and the time (tmax) to reach the maximum heat release rate, is a general method to evaluate a material in the fire-retardant performance in fire technology. The object of this study aims to predict FIGRA of the polyethylene foam pipe insulation in accordance with the scale factor (Sf), the volume fraction of the pipe insulation (VF) and the ignition heat source (Qig). The compartments made of fireboard have been mock-up with 1/3, 1/4, and 1/5 reduced scales of the compartment as specified in ISO 20632. The heat release rate data of the pipe insulation with the variation of Sf, VF, and Qig are measured from 33 experiments to correlate with FIGRA. Based on a critical analysis of the heat transfer phenomenon from previous research literature, the predictions of Qmax and tmax are presented. It is noticeable that the fire-retardant grade of the polyethylene foam pipe insulation could have Grade B, C, and D in accordance with the test conditions within ±15% deviation of the predicted FIGRA. In case of establishing the database of various types of insulation, the prediction models could apply to evaluate the fire-retardant performance.
Collapse
|
18
|
Babu K, Rendén G, Afriyie Mensah R, Kim NK, Jiang L, Xu Q, Restás Á, Esmaeely Neisiany R, Hedenqvist MS, Försth M, Byström A, Das O. A Review on the Flammability Properties of Carbon-Based Polymeric Composites: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12071518. [PMID: 32650531 PMCID: PMC7408100 DOI: 10.3390/polym12071518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon based fillers have attracted a great deal of interest in polymer composites because of their ability to beneficially alter properties at low filler concentration, good interfacial bonding with polymer, availability in different forms, etc. The property alteration of polymer composites makes them versatile for applications in various fields, such as constructions, microelectronics, biomedical, and so on. Devastations due to building fire stress the importance of flame-retardant polymer composites, since they are directly related to human life conservation and safety. Thus, in this review, the significance of carbon-based flame-retardants for polymers is introduced. The effects of a wide variety of carbon-based material addition (such as fullerene, CNTs, graphene, graphite, and so on) on reaction-to-fire of the polymer composites are reviewed and the focus is dedicated to biochar-based reinforcements for use in flame retardant polymer composites. Additionally, the most widely used flammability measuring techniques for polymeric composites are presented. Finally, the key factors and different methods that are used for property enhancement are concluded and the scope for future work is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Babu
- Center for Polymer Composites and Natural Fiber Research, Tamil Nadu 625005, India;
| | - Gabriella Rendén
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Polymeric Materials Division, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Rhoda Afriyie Mensah
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China; (R.A.M.); (L.J.); (Q.X.)
| | - Nam Kyeun Kim
- Centre for Advanced Composite Materials, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand;
| | - Lin Jiang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China; (R.A.M.); (L.J.); (Q.X.)
| | - Qiang Xu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China; (R.A.M.); (L.J.); (Q.X.)
| | - Ágoston Restás
- Department of Fire Protection and Rescue Control, National University of Public Service, H-1011 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Rasoul Esmaeely Neisiany
- Department of Materials and Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar 9617976487, Iran;
| | - Mikael S. Hedenqvist
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Polymeric Materials Division, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden;
- Correspondence: (M.S.H.); (O.D.)
| | - Michael Försth
- Structural and Fire Engineering Division, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden; (M.F.); (A.B.)
| | - Alexandra Byström
- Structural and Fire Engineering Division, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden; (M.F.); (A.B.)
| | - Oisik Das
- Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden
- Correspondence: (M.S.H.); (O.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yuan Y, Wang W, Shi Y, Song L, Ma C, Hu Y. The influence of highly dispersed Cu 2O-anchored MoS 2 hybrids on reducing smoke toxicity and fire hazards for rigid polyurethane foam. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 382:121028. [PMID: 31473517 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The extensive utilization of rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) as construction insulation material has brought two main troubles to our society: fire risks and toxic hazards. To reduce the fire hazards of RPUF, a layered MoS2 decorated with Cu2O nanoparticles was creativity obtained by hydrothermal technology and facile wet chemical treatment for reducing the toxic product formations of polyurethane nanocomposites during combustion. Due to the low weight ratio of Cu2O attached onto MoS2, the resulting Cu2O-MoS2 hybrid effectively prevented the MoS2 nanosheets from restacking. However, the Cu2O-MoS2-M hybrid was produced by increasing content of Cu2O, which has the characteristic stacked layer structure of MoS2. Reduced harmful organic volatiles and the toxic gases (e.g. a respective decrease of ca. 28% and 53% for CO and NOx products) were obtained because of synergistic effect between the physical adsorption of MoS2 and catalysis action of Cu2O. Notably, the addition of Cu2O-MoS2 hybrids led to high char formation of the RPUF nanocomposite, indicating the effectively catalytic carbonization property. In addition, the N-Gas model for predicting fire smoke toxicity was developed and demonstrated. Furthermore, the research offers direct proofs of the negative influence of the stacked MoS2 on reducing the smoke toxicity for RPUF nanocomposites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
| | - Yongqian Shi
- College of Environment and Resources, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Lei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
| | - Chao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China.
| | - Yuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Rigid polyurethane/expanded vermiculite/ melamine phenylphosphate composite foams with good flame retardant and mechanical properties. E-POLYMERS 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/epoly-2019-0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractExpanded vermiculite (EV) was introduced into rigid polyurethane (RPU) foam. The incorporation of 10 wt% EV into RPU foam increases the compressive strength and the flexural strength by 82% and by 115%, respectively compared with untreated RPU foam. The LOI of RPU foam containing 20 wt% EV is only 19.5%. To further improve the flame retardancy of RPU/EV composite foam, melamine phenylphosphate (MPP) was synthesized and introduced into the RPU/EV composite foam. The RPU/EV composite foam with 15% MPP (sample RPU/EV/MPP15) has a LOI of 27.5% and a V0 rating in the vertical UL-94 test. The PHRR and THR of sample RPU/EV/MPP15 decrease by 39% and 24%, respectively, compared with the ones of untreated RPU/EV composite foam. The compressive strength and flexural strength of RPU/EV/MPP composite foam gradually decrease with the increase in the amount of MPP. TGA results indicated that the addition of MPP further increase the residue char of the RPU/EV composite foam.
Collapse
|
21
|
Excellent Fireproof Characteristics and High Thermal Stability of Rice Husk-Filled Polyurethane with Halogen-Free Flame Retardant. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11101587. [PMID: 31569369 PMCID: PMC6835888 DOI: 10.3390/polym11101587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The thermal stabilities, flame retardancies, and physico-mechanical properties of rice husk-reinforced polyurethane (PU–RH) foams with and without flame retardants (FRs) were evaluated. Their flammability performances were studied by UL94, LOI, and cone calorimetry tests. The obtained results combined with FTIR, TGA, SEM, and XPS characterizations were used to evaluate the fire behaviors of the PU–RH samples. The PU–RH samples with a quite low loading (7 wt%) of aluminum diethylphosphinate (OP) and 32 wt% loading of aluminum hydroxide (ATH) had high thermal stabilities, excellent flame retardancies, UL94 V-0 ratings, and LOIs of 22%–23%. PU–RH did not pass the UL94 HB standard test and completely burned to the holder clamp with a low LOI (19%). The cone calorimetry results indicated that the fireproof characteristics of the PU foam composites were considerably improved by the addition of the FRs. The proposed flame retardancy mechanism and cone calorimetry results are consistent. The comprehensive FTIR spectroscopy, TG, SEM, and XPS analyses revealed that the addition of ATH generated white solid particles, which dispersed and covered the residue surface. The pyrolysis products of OP would self-condense or react with other volatiles generated by the decomposition of PU–RH to form stable, continuous, and thick phosphorus/aluminum-rich residual chars inhibiting the transfer of heat and oxygen. The PU–RH samples with and without the FRs exhibited the normal isothermal sorption hysteresis effect at relative humidities higher than 20%. At lower values, during the desorption, this effect was not observed, probably because of the biodegradation of organic components in the RH. The findings of this study not only contribute to the improvement in combustibility of PU–RH composites and reduce the smoke or toxic fume generation, but also solve the problem of RHs, which are abundant waste resources of agriculture materials leading to the waste disposal management problems.
Collapse
|
22
|
Reinerte S, Kirpluks M, Cabulis U. Thermal degradation of highly crosslinked rigid PU-PIR foams based on high functionality tall oil polyol. Polym Degrad Stab 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2019.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
23
|
Li ME, Wang SX, Han LX, Yuan WJ, Cheng JB, Zhang AN, Zhao HB, Wang YZ. Hierarchically porous SiO 2/polyurethane foam composites towards excellent thermal insulating, flame-retardant and smoke-suppressant performances. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 375:61-69. [PMID: 31048136 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.04.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Polyurethane foam (PUF) is widely used in building insulation field but highly flammable. In an effort to develop an efficient way to reduce flammability and smoke release of PUF without sacrificing its inherent merits, a novel strategy has been proposed to decorate silica aerogels onto the surface of PUF to fabricate hierarchically porous SiO2/PUF composites. Due to the unique hierarchically porous structure, the resultant composites showed superior thermal insulation with a lower thermal conductivity of 0.0282 W/(m K). The introduction of silica aerogels also effectively improved the compressive strength, almost 220% of that of neat PUF. Notably, the SiO2/PUF composites were rendered self-extinguishing in vertical burning tests and had a high limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 32.5%. Cone calorimetry (CC) tests revealed that the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and peak smoke production release (PSPR) of the SiO2/PUF composites were reduced by 40.4% and 45.6%, respectively. Particularly, the specific optical density (Ds) of the composites displayed as 55.7% reduction in the smoke density chamber tests, showing excellent smoke-suppression. The mechanism analysis suggested that a compact silica-rich hybrid barrier formed, preventing thermal degradation products and energy transfer during combustion. These results indicate SiO2/PUF composites have enormous potential as building insulation materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-En Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Shui-Xiu Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Lin-Xuan Han
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Wen-Jie Yuan
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jin-Bo Cheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Ai-Ning Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Hai-Bo Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Yu-Zhong Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
POSS Compounds as Modifiers for Rigid Polyurethane Foams (Composites). Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11071092. [PMID: 31252660 PMCID: PMC6680449 DOI: 10.3390/polym11071092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Three types of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSSs) with different functional active groups were used to modify rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs). Aminopropylisobutyl-POSS (AP-POSS), trisilanoisobutyl-POSS (TS-POSS) and octa(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyldimethylsiloxy-POSS (OH-POSS) were added in an amount of 0.5 wt.% of the polyol weight. The characteristics of fillers including the size of particles, evaluation of the dispersion of particles and their effect on the viscosity of the polyol premixes were performed. Next, the obtained foams were evaluated by their processing parameters, morphology (Scanning Electron Microscopy analysis, SEM), mechanical properties (compressive test, three-point bending test, impact strength), viscoelastic behavior (Dynamic Mechanical Analysis, DMA), thermal properties (Thermogravimetric Analysis, TGA, thermal conductivity) and application properties (contact angle, water absorption). The results showed that the morphology of modified foams is significantly affected by the fillers typology, which resulted in inhomogeneous, irregular, large cell shapes and further affected the physical and mechanical properties of the resulting materials. RPUFs modified with AP-POSS represent better mechanical properties compared to the RPUFs modified with other POSS.
Collapse
|
25
|
Peng H, Wang X, Li T, Lou C, Wang Y, Lin J. Mechanical properties, thermal stability, sound absorption, and flame retardancy of rigid PU foam composites containing a fire‐retarding agent: Effect of magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao‐Kai Peng
- Innovation Platform of Intelligent and Energy‐Saving Textiles, School of Textile Science and EngineeringTianjin Polytechnic University Tianjin China
- Tianjin and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Advanced Textile Composite MaterialsTianjin Polytechnic University Tianjin China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Novel Functional Textile Fibers and MaterialsMinjiang University Fuzhou China
| | - XiaoXiao Wang
- Innovation Platform of Intelligent and Energy‐Saving Textiles, School of Textile Science and EngineeringTianjin Polytechnic University Tianjin China
- Tianjin and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Advanced Textile Composite MaterialsTianjin Polytechnic University Tianjin China
| | - Ting‐Ting Li
- Innovation Platform of Intelligent and Energy‐Saving Textiles, School of Textile Science and EngineeringTianjin Polytechnic University Tianjin China
- Tianjin and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Advanced Textile Composite MaterialsTianjin Polytechnic University Tianjin China
| | - Ching‐Wen Lou
- Innovation Platform of Intelligent and Energy‐Saving Textiles, School of Textile Science and EngineeringTianjin Polytechnic University Tianjin China
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Ocean CollegeMinjiang University Fuzhou China
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical EngineeringAsia University Taichung Taiwan
- College of Textile and ClothingQingdao University Shangdong China
| | - YanTing Wang
- Innovation Platform of Intelligent and Energy‐Saving Textiles, School of Textile Science and EngineeringTianjin Polytechnic University Tianjin China
- Tianjin and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Advanced Textile Composite MaterialsTianjin Polytechnic University Tianjin China
| | - Jia‐Horng Lin
- Innovation Platform of Intelligent and Energy‐Saving Textiles, School of Textile Science and EngineeringTianjin Polytechnic University Tianjin China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Novel Functional Textile Fibers and MaterialsMinjiang University Fuzhou China
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Ocean CollegeMinjiang University Fuzhou China
- College of Textile and ClothingQingdao University Shangdong China
- Laboratory of Fiber Application and Manufacturing, Department of Fiber and Composite MaterialsFeng Chia University Taichung City Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Chen Y, Luo Y, Guo X, Chen L, Xu T, Jia D. Structure and Flame-Retardant Actions of Rigid Polyurethane Foams with Expandable Graphite. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E686. [PMID: 30988268 PMCID: PMC6523558 DOI: 10.3390/polym11040686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, rigid polyurethane foams that were filled with expandable graphite (RPUF/EG) composites were prepared by the liquid blending method, and then the structure and flame retardancy performance of materials were investigated through optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, limit oxygen index, cone calorimeter, thermogravimetric analysis coupled to fourier transform infrared spectrum, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results showed that a large number of EG could be good to the exhibition of flame retardancy of RPUF, where the optimal material was found at loading 15 phr EG that showed an increased limit oxygen index value and a decreased calorific or fuming value. TGA coupled FTIR and XPS revealed that EG could disassembled before RPUF under heating treatment, and it could form a pyknotic and enahnced residual carbon layer on RPUF surface after the fire, which restricted the transfer of gas, like oxygen or heat into PU matrix, finally resulting in the promotion of flame retardancy of RPUF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Chen
- Key Lab of Guangdong High Property and Functional Macromolecular Materials, Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Yuanfang Luo
- Key Lab of Guangdong High Property and Functional Macromolecular Materials, Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Xiaohui Guo
- Key Lab of Guangdong High Property and Functional Macromolecular Materials, Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Key Lab of Guangdong High Property and Functional Macromolecular Materials, Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, Department of Polymeric Material and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Tiwen Xu
- Key Lab of Guangdong High Property and Functional Macromolecular Materials, Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Demin Jia
- Key Lab of Guangdong High Property and Functional Macromolecular Materials, Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
The effect of rapeseed oil-based polyols on the thermal and mechanical properties of ureaurethane elastomers. Polym Bull (Berl) 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-019-02774-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
28
|
Density Effect on Flame Retardancy, Thermal Degradation, and Combustibility of Rigid Polyurethane Foam Modified by Expandable Graphite or Ammonium Polyphosphate. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11040668. [PMID: 30979071 PMCID: PMC6523672 DOI: 10.3390/polym11040668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study aims at comparatively investigating the effect of apparent density on flame retardancy, thermal degradation and combustion behaviors of rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF), RPUF/ expandable graphite (EG) and RPUF/ ammonium polyphosphate (APP). A series of RPUF, RPUF/EG and RPUF/APP samples with different apparent densities (30, 60 and 90 kg/m3) were prepared. The flame retardancy, thermal degradation, and combustion behaviors of each sample were investigated. Limiting oxygen index (LOI) results indicated that increasing apparent density was beneficial to the flame retardancy of all foam systems. The effect of apparent density on the enhancement of flame retardancy followed the sequence of RPUF < RPUF/APP < RPUF/EG. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results showed that an increase in the apparent density can cause more weight loss in the first degradation stage and less weight loss in the second degradation stage for all foam systems. The combustion behaviors also showed significant differences. The samples with a higher apparent density showed a longer duration of heat release and higher total heat release (THR). The findings in this study demonstrated that apparent density played an important role in flame retardancy, thermal degradation, and combustion behaviors of RPUF, which must be paid more attention in the studies of flame-retardant RPUF.
Collapse
|
29
|
Li C, Hui B, Ye L. Highly reinforcing and thermal stabilizing effect of imide structure on polyurethane foam. POLYM INT 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| | - Bing Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| | - Lin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
In situ preparation of polyurethane-imide/graphene oxide nano-composite foam: intercalation structure and thermal mechanical stability. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-018-1660-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
31
|
Wang H, Cao J, Cao C, Guo Y, Luo F, Qian Q, Huang B, Xiao L, Chen Q. Influence of phosphorus-grafted expandable graphite on the flame-retardant property of UHMWPE composite. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huaming Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering; Fujian Normal University; Fuzhou China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse; Fuzhou China
- Engineering Research Center of Polymer Green Recycling of Ministry of Education; Fuzhou 350007 China
| | - Jingshi Cao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering; Fujian Normal University; Fuzhou China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse; Fuzhou China
- Engineering Research Center of Polymer Green Recycling of Ministry of Education; Fuzhou 350007 China
| | - Changlin Cao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering; Fujian Normal University; Fuzhou China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse; Fuzhou China
- Engineering Research Center of Polymer Green Recycling of Ministry of Education; Fuzhou 350007 China
| | - Yiyou Guo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering; Fujian Normal University; Fuzhou China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse; Fuzhou China
- Engineering Research Center of Polymer Green Recycling of Ministry of Education; Fuzhou 350007 China
| | - Fubin Luo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering; Fujian Normal University; Fuzhou China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse; Fuzhou China
- Engineering Research Center of Polymer Green Recycling of Ministry of Education; Fuzhou 350007 China
| | - Qingrong Qian
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering; Fujian Normal University; Fuzhou China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse; Fuzhou China
- Engineering Research Center of Polymer Green Recycling of Ministry of Education; Fuzhou 350007 China
| | - Baoquan Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering; Fujian Normal University; Fuzhou China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse; Fuzhou China
- Engineering Research Center of Polymer Green Recycling of Ministry of Education; Fuzhou 350007 China
| | - Liren Xiao
- Engineering Research Center of Polymer Green Recycling of Ministry of Education; Fuzhou 350007 China
| | - Qinghua Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering; Fujian Normal University; Fuzhou China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse; Fuzhou China
- Engineering Research Center of Polymer Green Recycling of Ministry of Education; Fuzhou 350007 China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wang SX, Zhao HB, Rao WH, Huang SC, Wang T, Liao W, Wang YZ. Inherently flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foams with excellent thermal insulation and mechanical properties. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.08.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
33
|
Liu L, Wang Z. High performance nano-zinc amino-tris-(methylenephosphonate) in rigid polyurethane foam with improved mechanical strength, thermal stability and flame retardancy. Polym Degrad Stab 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2018.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
|
34
|
Wang Y, Wang F, Dong Q, Yuan W, Liu P, Ding Y, Zhang S, Yang M, Zheng G. Expandable graphite encapsulated by magnesium hydroxide nanosheets as an intumescent flame retardant for rigid polyurethane foams. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yintao Wang
- School of Material Science and Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Feng Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Quanxiao Dong
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing University of Technology; 100024 China
| | - Wenjing Yuan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Peng Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Yanfen Ding
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Shimin Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Mingshu Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Guoqiang Zheng
- School of Material Science and Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Influence of expandable graphite particle size on the synergy flame retardant property between expandable graphite and ammonium polyphosphate in semi-rigid polyurethane foam. Polym Bull (Berl) 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-018-2309-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
36
|
Wang Y, Wang F, Dong Q, Xie M, Liu P, Ding Y, Zhang S, Yang M, Zheng G. Core-shell expandable graphite @ aluminum hydroxide as a flame-retardant for rigid polyurethane foams. Polym Degrad Stab 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2017.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
37
|
Wu J, Wang H, Su Z, Zhang M, Hu X, Wang Y, Wang Z, Zhong B, Zhou W, Liu J, Xing SG. Highly Flexible and Sensitive Wearable E-Skin Based on Graphite Nanoplatelet and Polyurethane Nanocomposite Films in Mass Industry Production Available. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:38745-38754. [PMID: 29037040 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b10316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Graphene and nanomaterials based flexible pressure sensors R&D activities are becoming hot topics due to the huge marketing demand on wearable devices and electronic skin (E-Skin) to monitor the human body's actions for dedicated healthcare. Herein, we report a facile and efficient fabrication strategy to construct a new type of highly flexible and sensitive wearable E-Skin based on graphite nanoplates (GNP) and polyurethane (PU) nanocomposite films. The developed GNP/PU E-Skin sensors are highly flexible with good electrical conductivity due to their unique binary microstructures with synergistic interfacial characteristics, which are sensitive to both static and dynamic pressure variation, and can even accurately and quickly detect the pressure as low as 0.005 N/50 Pa and momentum as low as 1.9 mN·s with a gauge factor of 0.9 at the strain variation of up to 30%. Importantly, our GNP/PU E-Skin is also highly sensitive to finger bending and stretching with a linear correlation between the relative resistance change and the corresponding bending angles or elongation percentage. In addition, our E-Skin shows excellent sensitivity to voice vibration when exposed to a volunteer's voice vibration testing. Notably, the entire E-Skin fabrication process is scalable, low cost, and industrially available. Our complementary experiments with comprehensive results demonstrate that the developed GNP/PU E-Skin is impressively promising for practical healthcare applications in wearable devices, and enables us to monitor the real-world force signals in real-time and in-situ mode from pressing, hitting, bending, stretching, and voice vibration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai , 2 West Wenhua Road, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Huatao Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai , 2 West Wenhua Road, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Zhiwei Su
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai , 2 West Wenhua Road, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Minghao Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai , 2 West Wenhua Road, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Xiaodong Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai , 2 West Wenhua Road, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Yijie Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai , 2 West Wenhua Road, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Ziao Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai , 2 West Wenhua Road, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Bo Zhong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai , 2 West Wenhua Road, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Weiwei Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai , 2 West Wenhua Road, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Junpeng Liu
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham , Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Scott Guozhong Xing
- United Microelect Corp. Ltd. , 3 Pasir Ris Dr 12, Singapore 519528, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Liu L, Wang Z, Xu X. Melamine amino trimethylene phosphate as a novel flame retardant for rigid polyurethane foams with improved flame retardant, mechanical and thermal properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.45234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Department of Polymer Materials; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University; Shanghai 201804 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengzhou Wang
- Department of Polymer Materials; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University; Shanghai 201804 People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials (Tongji University); Shanghai 201804 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- Department of Polymer Materials; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University; Shanghai 201804 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
|
40
|
Huang J, Tang Q, Liao W, Wang G, Wei W, Li C. Green Preparation of Expandable Graphite and Its Application in Flame-Resistance Polymer Elastomer. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b04860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jindu Huang
- Key
Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Qianqiu Tang
- Key
Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Weibin Liao
- Key
Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Gengchao Wang
- Key
Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wei
- Jiangsu Xinghua Rubber Belt Co., Ltd., Haian, Jiangsu 226600, P. R. China
| | - Chunzhong Li
- Key
Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Xu WZ, Xu BL, Wang GS, Wang XL, Liu L. Synergistic effect of expandable graphite and α-type zirconium phosphate on flame retardancy of polyurethane elastomer. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.45188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Zong Xu
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering; Anhui Jianzhu University; 292 Ziyun Road Hefei Anhui Province 230601 People's Republic of China
| | - Bao-Ling Xu
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering; Anhui Jianzhu University; 292 Ziyun Road Hefei Anhui Province 230601 People's Republic of China
| | - Gui-Song Wang
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering; Anhui Jianzhu University; 292 Ziyun Road Hefei Anhui Province 230601 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ling Wang
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering; Anhui Jianzhu University; 292 Ziyun Road Hefei Anhui Province 230601 People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Liu
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering; Anhui Jianzhu University; 292 Ziyun Road Hefei Anhui Province 230601 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Qi F, Tang M, Wang N, Liu N, Chen X, Zhang Z, Zhang K, Lu X. Efficient organic–inorganic intumescent interfacial flame retardants to prepare flame retarded polypropylene with excellent performance. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra04232a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient and simple approach for the preparation of organic–inorganic intumescent interfacial flame retardants, aiming at enhancing the flame-retardant efficiency and interfacial adhesion between matrix and flame retardants was presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Qi
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technology Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
- China
| | - Mengqi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technology Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
- China
| | - Na Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technology Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
- China
| | - Nian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technology Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
- China
| | - Xiaolang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technology Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
- China
| | - Zhibin Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
- China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technology Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
- China
| | - Xiong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technology Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
- China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Zieleniewska M, Leszczyński MK, Szczepkowski L, Bryśkiewicz A, Krzyżowska M, Bień K, Ryszkowska J. Development and applicational evaluation of the rigid polyurethane foam composites with egg shell waste. Polym Degrad Stab 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2016.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
44
|
Mizera K, Ryszkowska J. Polyurethane elastomers from polyols based on soybean oil with a different molar ratio. Polym Degrad Stab 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
45
|
|
46
|
Kazerouni SS, Kalaee M, Sharif F, Mazinani S. Synthesis and characterization of poly(ethylene tetrasulfide)/graphene oxide nanocomposites by in situ polymerization method. J Sulphur Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2016.1139114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sohrab Salami Kazerouni
- Department of Polymer Engineering, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Kalaee
- Department of Polymer Engineering, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Sharif
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Mazinani
- Amirkabir Nanotechnology Research Institute (ANTIR), Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Pattnaik S, Swain K, Lin Z. Graphene and graphene-based nanocomposites: biomedical applications and biosafety. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:7813-7831. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb02086k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Graphene is the first carbon-based two dimensional atomic crystal and has gained much attention since its discovery by Geim and co-workers in 2004.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satyanarayan Pattnaik
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Formulation Development and Drug Delivery Systems
- Pharmacy College Saifai
- UP University of Medical Sciences
- Saifai
| | - Kalpana Swain
- Talla Padmavathi College of Pharmacy
- Warangal-506002
- India
| | - Zhiqun Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Liu X, Hao J, Gaan S. Recent studies on the decomposition and strategies of smoke and toxicity suppression for polyurethane based materials. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra14345h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This review provides insight into recent studies related to thermal degradation, smoke and toxicity production and their reduction strategies for polyurethane-based materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Liu
- National Laboratory of Flame Retardant Materials
- National Engineering and Technology Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
| | - Jianwei Hao
- National Laboratory of Flame Retardant Materials
- National Engineering and Technology Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
| | - Sabyasachi Gaan
- Additives and Chemistry Group
- Advanced Fibers
- EMPA Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology
- 9014 St. Gallen
- Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
|
50
|
Fire property and charring behavior of high impact polystyrene containing expandable graphite and microencapsulated red phosphorus. Polym Degrad Stab 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2015.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|