1
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Ling J, Wang T, Xie Z, Cheng X, Chai K, Li P. Preparation, characterization, and separation mechanism of a dehydroabietic-acid-based shape-selective chromatographic stationary phase 1. Talanta 2023; 262:124691. [PMID: 37229814 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Chromatographic stationary phases with molecular-shape selectivity are advantageous for the separation and analysis of geometric isomers. Herein, dehydroabietic acid is bonded on the surface of silica microspheres via 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane to form a monolayer dehydroabietic-acid stationary phase (Si-DOMM) with a racket-shaped structure. Various characterization techniques indicate that Si-DOMM is successfully prepared, and the separation performance of a Si-DOMM column is evaluated. The stationary phase has a low silanol activity and metal contamination and a high hydrophobicity and shape selectivity. The resolutions of lycopene, lutein, and capsaicin on the Si-DOMM column confirm that the stationary phase exhibits high shape selectivity. The elution order of n-alkyl benzene on the Si-DOMM column indicates its high hydrophobic selectivity and suggests that the separation is an enthalpy-driven process. Repeatability experiments reveal highly stable preparation processes of the stationary phase and column and indicate that the relative standard deviations of retention time, peak height, and peak area are less than 0.26%, 3.54%, and 3.48%, respectively. Density functional theory calculations using n-alkylbenzenes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, amines, and phenols as model solutes provide an intuitive and quantitative description of the multiple retention mechanisms. The Si-DOMM stationary phase exhibits superior retention and high selectivity for these compounds via multiple interactions. The bonding phase of the monolayer dehydroabietic acid stationary phase with a racket-shaped structure has a unique affinity for benzene, strong shape selectivity, and good separation performance for geometrical isomers with different molecular shapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Ling
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China
| | - Ting Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China.
| | - Zhoujian Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China
| | - Xinqiao Cheng
- Shenzhen Academy of Metrology and Quality Inspection, Shenzhen 518109, China.
| | - Kungang Chai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China.
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2
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Wang J, Zhang X, Wen Y, Chen Y, Fu Q, Wang J, Jia H. Aramid Nanofiber/XNBR Nanocomposite with High Mechanical, Thermal, and Electrical Performance. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:335. [PMID: 36678087 PMCID: PMC9860882 DOI: 10.3390/nano13020335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Aramid nanofibers (ANFs) were successfully produced by deprotonation of Kevlar fiber followed by grafting epichlorohydrin in dimethyl sulfoxide solution. The ANFs were then incorporated into carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (XNBR) by means of latex blending, followed by vulcanization. The interaction between ANFs and XNBR, and the effects of ANFs on the mechanical strength, dielectric properties, and thermal stability of ANF/XNBR nanocomposites were investigated. The results revealed that hydrogen bonding and covalent bonding interactions existed between ANFs and the XNBR matrix and played a critical role in the reinforcement of ANFs to XNBR nanocomposites. After adding 5 phr (parts per hundred rubber) of ANFs, the XNBR nanocomposite exhibited a significant improvement in mechanical properties, namely a 182% increase in tensile strength and a 101% increase in tear strength. In addition, the dielectric constant and thermal properties of ANF/XNBR also increased dramatically. ANFs may thus make an ideal candidate for high-performance rubber materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Wang
- School of New Materials and Shoes & Clothing Engineering, Liming Vocational University, Quanzhou 362000, China
- Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Xumin Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yanwei Wen
- Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
- Shanghai Institute of Aerospace Chemical Application, Huzhou 313002, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Quansheng Fu
- Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Professional Foundation Department, Changzhou Vocational Institute of Mechatronic Technology, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Hongbing Jia
- Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
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3
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Investigation of the chemical changes and mechanism of the epoxy-amine system by in situ infrared spectroscopy and two-dimensional correlation analysis. Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-022-00697-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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4
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Shundo A, Yamamoto S, Tanaka K. Network Formation and Physical Properties of Epoxy Resins for Future Practical Applications. JACS AU 2022; 2:1522-1542. [PMID: 35911459 PMCID: PMC9327093 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Epoxy resins are used in various fields in a wide range of applications such as coatings, adhesives, modeling compounds, impregnation materials, high-performance composites, insulating materials, and encapsulating and packaging materials for electronic devices. To achieve the desired properties, it is necessary to obtain a better understanding of how the network formation and physical state change involved in the curing reaction affect the resultant network architecture and physical properties. However, this is not necessarily easy because of their infusibility at higher temperatures and insolubility in organic solvents. In this paper, we summarize the knowledge related to these issues which has been gathered using various experimental techniques in conjunction with molecular dynamics simulations. This should provide useful ideas for researchers who aim to design and construct various thermosetting polymer systems including currently popular materials such as vitrimers over epoxy resins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuomi Shundo
- Department
of Applied Chemistry and Center for Polymer Interface and
Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Satoru Yamamoto
- Department
of Applied Chemistry and Center for Polymer Interface and
Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Keiji Tanaka
- Department
of Applied Chemistry and Center for Polymer Interface and
Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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5
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Cost-Effectively 3D-Printed Rigid and Versatile Interpenetrating Polymer Networks. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14164544. [PMID: 34443067 PMCID: PMC8399675 DOI: 10.3390/ma14164544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Versatile acrylate–epoxy hybrid formulations are becoming widespread in photo/thermal dual-processing scenarios, especially in 3D printing applications. Usually, parts are printed in a stereolithography or digital light processing (DLP) 3D printer, after which a thermal treatment would bestow the final material with superior mechanical properties. We report the successful formulation of such a hybrid system, consisting of a commercial 3D printing acrylate resin modified by an epoxy–anhydride mixture. In the final polymeric network, we observed segregation of an epoxy-rich phase as nano-domains, similar to what was observed in a previous work. However, in the current work, we show the effectiveness of a coupling agent added to the formulation to mitigate this segregation for when such phase separation is undesired. The hybrid materials showed significant improvement of Young’s modulus over the neat acrylate. Once the flexible, partially-cured material was printed with a minimal number of layers, it could be molded into a complex form and thermally cured. Temporary shapes were readily programmable on this final material, with easy shape recovery under mild temperatures. Inspired by repairable 3D printed materials described recently, we manufactured a large object by printing its two halves, and then joined them covalently at the thermal cure stage with an apparently seamless union.
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6
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Ji X, Zhang M, Yin H, Lyu Y, Hoch M, Shi X. Properties and mechanism of EVM–GMA terpolymer elastomer cross-linked by epoxy–anhydride reaction. Polym Bull (Berl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-020-03133-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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7
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Raheem K, Cassidy J, Betts A, Ryan B. Use of confocal Raman microscopy to characterise ethyl cyanoacrylate adhesive depth curing. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:23899-23907. [PMID: 33073814 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04053c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In situ spatial temporal measurement of monomer conversion during adhesive bondline curing remains a challenging area. The aim of this work was to demonstrate the effectiveness of using confocal Raman microscopy in a specially configured experimental set-up, as a versatile tool for measuring monomer concentration changes as a function of both time and adhesive bond depth during ethyl cyanoacrylate polymerisation. This also allowed monitoring of the extent of polymerisation at the adhesive substrate interface independently of the bulk bondline polymerisation region. Key kinetic parameters such as inhibition time tlag, rate of reaction Rmax and extent of reaction [αt]max were obtained by fitting the experimental data to sigmoidal growth curves using simple piecewise regression models. A systematic characterisation of a polymerisation reaction was conducted using different sample substrate types (copper alloy (red brass), aluminium, aluminium alloy, stainless steel and borosilicate glass) and at various reaction temperatures. Reaction rates were found to decrease further away from the substrate interface in the bulk volume region. The fastest kinetics occurred in the vicinity of nucleophilic hydroxyl rich surfaces such as at the copper alloy (red brass). In addition to substrate surface chemistry, surface roughness was also a factor, with the highest reaction rates occurring with a grit blasted (roughened) aluminium alloy (2024 T3) surface. An approximately linear dependence of the ln Rmaxvs. 1/T (Arrhenius) plot was recorded within the temperature range of 291-328 K. A better fit was obtained however through the use of two separate linear slopes, possibly indicative of a change of polymerisation reaction mechanism taking place at elevated temperatures with two distinct activation energies. Further work conducted using a larger number of temperatures would be useful to verify this finding. This work confirmed that differences in the rates of interfacial and bulk polymerisation processes could be readily measured in situ using confocal Raman microscopy which is a powerful technique for investigating such surface-confined and bulk polymerisation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Raheem
- Applied Electrochemistry Group, FOCAS Institute, Technological University Dublin, Camden Row, Dublin, Ireland and Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Kevin Street, Dublin, D08NF72, Ireland
| | - John Cassidy
- Applied Electrochemistry Group, FOCAS Institute, Technological University Dublin, Camden Row, Dublin, Ireland and Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Kevin Street, Dublin, D08NF72, Ireland
| | - Anthony Betts
- Applied Electrochemistry Group, FOCAS Institute, Technological University Dublin, Camden Row, Dublin, Ireland and Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Kevin Street, Dublin, D08NF72, Ireland
| | - Bernard Ryan
- Ireland, Henkel, Tallaght Business Park, Whitestown Industrial Estate, Dublin 24, Ireland
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8
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Performance Evaluation of Red Clay Binder with Epoxy Emulsion for Autonomous Rammed Earth Construction. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12092050. [PMID: 32911807 PMCID: PMC7569940 DOI: 10.3390/polym12092050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Existing rammed earth construction methods have disadvantages such as increased initial costs for manufacturing the large formwork and increased labor costs owing to the labor-intensive construction techniques involved. To address the limitations of the existing rammed earth construction methods, an autonomous rammed earth construction method was introduced herein. When constructing an autonomous rammed-earth construction method, an alternative means of assuring the performance at the initial age of the binder in terms of materials is needed. In this study, in order to satisfy the performance of the red clay binder, epoxy emulsion was added to analyze the compressive strength, water loosening, shrinkage, rate of mass change, and microstructure in the range of the initial age. As a result of the analysis, the applicability of the epoxy emulsion was confirmed as a new additive for application to an autonomous rammed-earth construction method.
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9
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Wang Y, Hong Y, Zhou G, He W, Gao Z, Wang S, Wang C, Chen Y, Weng Z, Wang Y. Compatible Ag + Complex-Assisted Ultrafine Copper Pattern Deposition on Poly(ethylene terephtalate) Film with Micro Inkjet Printing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:44811-44819. [PMID: 31656075 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b11690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Firm immobilization of catalysts on the predesigned position over substrates is an essential process for producing flexible circuits by the electroless deposition (ELD) process. In this work, a compatible Ag+ complex was developed and directly printed on the poly(ethylene terephtalate) (PET) film through a micro inkjet printing instrument to trigger the deposition of ultrafine copper patterns with approximately 20 μm in width. Morphological and elementary characterization verified that the nanosized silver catalyst was uniformly distributed in the bridge layer, which could enhance the adhesion between the PET film and deposited copper patterns. Moreover, after 30 min of ELD, the copper patterns exhibited a low resistivity of 2.68 × 10-6 Ω·cm and maintained considerable conductivity even after 2000 times of cyclical bending. These interesting conductive and mechanical features demonstrate the tremendous potential of this Ag+ complex-assisted copper deposition in the interconnection of high-density integrated flexible electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuefeng Wang
- School of Materials and Energy & State Key Laboratory of Electronic Films and Integrated Devices , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610054 , People's Republic of China
- Department of Physics and Electronic Engineering , Yuncheng University , Yuncheng 044000 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Hong
- School of Materials and Energy & State Key Laboratory of Electronic Films and Integrated Devices , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610054 , People's Republic of China
| | - Guoyun Zhou
- School of Materials and Energy & State Key Laboratory of Electronic Films and Integrated Devices , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610054 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wei He
- School of Materials and Energy & State Key Laboratory of Electronic Films and Integrated Devices , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610054 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengping Gao
- School of Materials and Energy & State Key Laboratory of Electronic Films and Integrated Devices , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610054 , People's Republic of China
| | - Shouxu Wang
- School of Materials and Energy & State Key Laboratory of Electronic Films and Integrated Devices , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610054 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chong Wang
- School of Materials and Energy & State Key Laboratory of Electronic Films and Integrated Devices , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610054 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanming Chen
- School of Materials and Energy & State Key Laboratory of Electronic Films and Integrated Devices , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610054 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zesheng Weng
- Ganzhou Sun&Lynn Circuits Co., Ltd. , Ganzhou 341000 , People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Sun&Lynn Circuits Co., Ltd. , Shenzhen 518104 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yongquan Wang
- Ganzhou Sun&Lynn Circuits Co., Ltd. , Ganzhou 341000 , People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Sun&Lynn Circuits Co., Ltd. , Shenzhen 518104 , People's Republic of China
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10
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Barabanova AI, Lokshin BV, Kharitonova EP, Afanasyev ES, Askadskii AA, Philippova OE. Curing cycloaliphatic epoxy resin with 4-methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride: Catalyzed vs. uncatalyzed reaction. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.121590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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11
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Tognana S, Salgueiro W, Valcarce B, Schreiner W, Montecinos S. Matrix-particle interactions in catalyzed and uncatalyzed copper-filled epoxy matrix composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Tognana
- IFIMAT, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas; Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Prov. de Bs. As; Pinto 399, 7000 Tandil Argentina
- CIFICEN (UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET); Pinto 399, 7000 Tandil Argentina
- Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Bs. As; Calle 526 entre 10 y 11, 1900, La Plata Argentina
| | - Walter Salgueiro
- IFIMAT, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas; Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Prov. de Bs. As; Pinto 399, 7000 Tandil Argentina
- CIFICEN (UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET); Pinto 399, 7000 Tandil Argentina
- Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Bs. As; Calle 526 entre 10 y 11, 1900, La Plata Argentina
| | - Beatriz Valcarce
- División Electroquímica y Corrosión, INTEMA, CONICET; Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; Avenida Juan B. Justo 4302, (7608 FDQ) Mar del Plata Argentina
- Consejo de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas CONICET; Avenue Rivadavia 1917; C1033AAJ, Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Wido Schreiner
- Laboratório de Nanoestruturas para Sensores, Departamento de Física; Universidade Federal do Parana; 81531-990 Curitiba Brazil
| | - Susana Montecinos
- IFIMAT, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas; Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Prov. de Bs. As; Pinto 399, 7000 Tandil Argentina
- Consejo de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas CONICET; Avenue Rivadavia 1917; C1033AAJ, Buenos Aires Argentina
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12
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Effect of an Anhydride Excess on the Curing Kinetics and Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Synthetic and Biogenic Epoxy Resins. INT J POLYM SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1155/2019/5029153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This work analyzes the effect of the anhydride excess on the nonisothermal curing kinetics and on the final properties of synthetic and biobased epoxy resins. Diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) and epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) were crosslinked using methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride (MTHPA) as a curing agent and 1-methylimidazole (1MI) as an initiator. It was shown that the ESO/MTHPA/1MI system reacts slower than the DGEBA/MTHPA/1MI system, giving place to a more significant evaporation of the curing agent during the reaction. As a result, an excess of anhydride improves the final thermal properties of the ESO/MTHPA/1MI network, contrary to the behavior observed for DGEBA/MTHPA/1MI. The knowledge of the kinetics of the curing process and the optimal amount of the curing agent for each system is of critical importance for a more efficient processing of these materials.
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13
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Kim HS, Cha EJ, Kang HJ, Park JH, Lee J, Park HD. Antibacterial application of covalently immobilized photosensitizers on a surface. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 172:34-42. [PMID: 30769187 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Singlet oxygen produced by irradiating photosensitizers (PSs) can be used to kill pathogens during water treatment. Chemical immobilization of the PSs on surfaces can maintain their disinfection function long-term. In this study, two model PSs (rose bengal (RB) and hematoporphyrin (HP)) were immobilized on a glass surface using a silane coupling agent with an epoxide group, and their antibacterial properties were analyzed. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy demonstrated that a covalent bond formed between the epoxide group and hydroxyl group in the PSs. A large proportion of the immobilized PSs (approximately 50%) was active in singlet oxygen production, which was evidenced by a comparative analysis with free PSs. RB was more effective at producing singlet oxygen than HP. The immobilized PSs were durable in terms of repeated use. On the other hand, singlet oxygen produced by the PSs was effective at killing bacteria, mostly for Gram-positive bacteria (> 90% death for 2 h of irradiation), by damaging the cell membrane. The preferable antibacterial property against Gram-positive bacteria compared with that against Gram-negative bacteria suggested efficient penetrability of singlet oxygen across the cell membrane, which led to cell death. Taken together, it was concluded that immobilization of PSs on surfaces using the silane coupling agent proposed in this study was effective at killing Gram-positive bacteria by forming singlet oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Shin Kim
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Ji Cha
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Kang
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Hoon Park
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jaesang Lee
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hee-Deung Park
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea; KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
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14
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Varley RJ, Dao B, Nguyen T, Lee S, Nishino T. Effect of aromatic substitution on the cure reaction and network properties of anhydride cured triphenyl ether tetraglycidyl epoxy resins. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Russell J. Varley
- Institute for Frontier Materials Deakin University Waurn Ponds Victoria 3216 Australia
| | - Buu Dao
- CSIRO Manufacturing Clayton South Victoria 3169 Australia
| | - Tri Nguyen
- CSIRO Manufacturing Clayton South Victoria 3169 Australia
| | - Sunglin Lee
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Kobe University 1‐1 Rokkodai Nada‐ku Kobe 657‐8501 Japan
| | - Takashi Nishino
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Kobe University 1‐1 Rokkodai Nada‐ku Kobe 657‐8501 Japan
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15
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Minisini B, Rolère S, Coulon JF, Poncin-Epaillard F. Influence of the chemical composition and formulation of fluorinated epoxy resin on its surface characteristics. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Inciarte HC, Echeverri DA, Rios LA. Synthesis and polymerization of a new highly unsaturated castor oil-based monomer for rigid thermoset materials. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. C. Inciarte
- Grupo Procesos Químicos Industriales; Universidad de Antioquia UdeA; Calle 70 No.52-21, Medellín 050010 Colombia
| | - D. A. Echeverri
- Grupo Procesos Químicos Industriales; Universidad de Antioquia UdeA; Calle 70 No.52-21, Medellín 050010 Colombia
| | - L. A. Rios
- Grupo Procesos Químicos Industriales; Universidad de Antioquia UdeA; Calle 70 No.52-21, Medellín 050010 Colombia
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17
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Thành ĐM, Hiền LX, Dũng NT, Thắng ĐX. Nghiên cứu ảnh hưởng của tỷ lệ các hợp phần đến phản ứng khâu mạch nhựa epoxy biến tính dầu hạt cây đen ( Cleidiocarpon cavaleriei
) bằng dianhydrit piromelitic. VIETNAM JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.15625/vjc.2018-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Đỗ Minh Thành
- Viện Kỹ thuật nhiệt đới, Viện Hàn lâm Khoa học và Công nghệ Việt Nam
| | - Lê Xuân Hiền
- Viện Kỹ thuật nhiệt đới, Viện Hàn lâm Khoa học và Công nghệ Việt Nam
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18
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The Effect of Heating Time and Temperature on Epoxy Resin and Calcium Silicate–based Endodontic Sealers. J Endod 2017; 43:2112-2118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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19
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Guo Z, Jiang Q, Shi Y, Li J, Yang X, Hou W, Zhou Y, Wang J. Tethering Dual Hydroxyls into Mesoporous Poly(ionic liquid)s for Chemical Fixation of CO2 at Ambient Conditions: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b02399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zengjing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented
Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiuwei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented
Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuming Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented
Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented
Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoning Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented
Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented
Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented
Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented
Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
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20
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Vidil T, Tournilhac F, Musso S, Robisson A, Leibler L. Control of reactions and network structures of epoxy thermosets. Prog Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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21
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Bio-based epoxy networks incorporating covalent and melamine cyanurate-type multiple hydrogen-bonding crosslinkages. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-016-1077-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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22
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Lyu J, Liu T, Xi Z, Zhao L. Effect of pre-curing process on epoxy resin foaming using carbon dioxide as blowing agent. J CELL PLAST 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0021955x16639235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A thermosetting epoxy resin system consisting of diglycidylether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) and m-xylylenediamine (MXDA) was successfully foamed by carbon dioxide (CO2) using two-step batch process. Isothermal curing kinetics of epoxy system was developed to help control the pre-curing degree of resin under different pre-curing conditions. Samples with different pre-curing degrees were prepared and then foamed via temperature-rising foaming process. It was found that the pre-curing degree was a crucial index for the foamability of epoxy resin. The effects of pre-curing conditions on curing reaction as well as further foaming results were investigated, and the results showed that the pre-curing degree from 37.7% to 46.3% was the proper foaming range for the chosen epoxy resin. With increasing pre-curing degrees from 37.7% to 51.6%, viscosity and elasticity of pre-cured resins increased, and correspondingly, average cell size of epoxy foams decreased from 329.8 µm to 60.8 µm while cell density increased from 1.4 × 105 cells/cm3 to 8.6 × 105 cells/cm3. Furthermore, the foamed samples with the same pre-curing degree had similar cell morphology regardless of pre-curing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxun Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenhao Xi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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23
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Kudo K, Fuse S, Furutani M, Arimitsu K. Imidazole-type thermal latent curing agents with high miscibility for one-component epoxy thermosetting resins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Kudo
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science; 2641 Yamazaki, Noda Chiba 278-8510 Japan
- Central Research Laboratory, the Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co. Ltd; 2-13-1 Muroyama Ibaraki Osaka 567-0052 Japan
| | - Sawako Fuse
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science; 2641 Yamazaki, Noda Chiba 278-8510 Japan
| | - Masahiro Furutani
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science; 2641 Yamazaki, Noda Chiba 278-8510 Japan
| | - Koji Arimitsu
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science; 2641 Yamazaki, Noda Chiba 278-8510 Japan
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24
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Shibata M, Enjoji M, Sakazume K, Ifuku S. Bio-based epoxy/chitin nanofiber composites cured with amine-type hardeners containing chitosan. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 144:89-97. [PMID: 27083797 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Sorbitol polyglycidyl ether (SPE) which is a bio-based water-soluble epoxy resin was cured with chitosan (CS) and/or a commercial water-soluble polyamidoamine- or polyetheramine-type epoxy hardener (PAA or PEA). Furthermore, biocomposites of the CS-cured SPE (CS-SPE) and CS/PAA- or CS/PEA-cured SPE (SPE-CA or SPE-CE) biocomposites with chitin nanofiber (CNF) were prepared by casting and compression molding methods, respectively. The curing reaction of epoxy and amino groups of the reactants was confirmed by the FT-IR spectral analysis. SPE-CS and SPE-CA were almost transparent films, while SPE-CE was opaque. Transparency of SPE-CS/CNF and SPE-CA/CNF became a little worse with increasing CNF content. The tanδ peak temperature of SPE-CS was higher than those of SPE-PAA and SPE-PEA. SPE-CA or SPE-CE exhibited two tanδ peak temperatures related to glass transitions of the CS-rich and PAA-rich or PEA-rich moieties. The tanδ peak temperatures related to the CS-rich and PAA-rich moieties increased with increasing CNF content. A higher order of tensile strengths and moduli of the cured resins was SPE-CS≫SPE-CA>SPE-CE. The tensile strength and modulus of each sample were much improved by the addition of 3wt% CNF, while further addition of CNF caused a lowering of the strength and modulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiro Shibata
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Chiba Institute of Technology, Japan.
| | - Motohiro Enjoji
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Chiba Institute of Technology, Japan
| | - Katsumi Sakazume
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Chiba Institute of Technology, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Ifuku
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-cho, Minami 680-8552, Tottori, Japan
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25
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Mechanical Strength Improvements of Carbon Nanotube Threads through Epoxy Cross-Linking. MATERIALS 2016; 9:ma9020068. [PMID: 28787868 PMCID: PMC5456468 DOI: 10.3390/ma9020068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Individual Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) have a great mechanical strength that needs to be transferred into macroscopic fiber assemblies. One approach to improve the mechanical strength of the CNT assemblies is by creating covalent bonding among their individual CNT building blocks. Chemical cross-linking of multiwall CNTs (MWCNTs) within the fiber has significantly improved the strength of MWCNT thread. Results reported in this work show that the cross-linked thread had a tensile strength six times greater than the strength of its control counterpart, a pristine MWCNT thread (1192 MPa and 194 MPa, respectively). Additionally, electrical conductivity changes were observed, revealing 2123.40 S·cm-1 for cross-linked thread, and 3984.26 S·cm-1 for pristine CNT thread. Characterization suggests that the obtained high tensile strength is due to the cross-linking reaction of amine groups from ethylenediamine plasma-functionalized CNT with the epoxy groups of the cross-linking agent, 4,4-methylenebis(N,N-diglycidylaniline).
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26
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Li A, Li W, Ling Y, Gan W, Brady MA, Wang C. Effects of silica-coated carbon nanotubes on the curing behavior and properties of epoxy composites. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra25182f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes coated with silica and resultant effects on epoxy composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai University of Engineering Science
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Weizhen Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai University of Engineering Science
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Yang Ling
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai University of Engineering Science
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Wenjun Gan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai University of Engineering Science
- Shanghai
- China
- Advanced Light Source
| | - Michael A. Brady
- Advanced Light Source
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Berkeley
- USA
| | - Cheng Wang
- Advanced Light Source
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Berkeley
- USA
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27
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Mascia L, Russo P, Verdolotti L, Clarke J, Lavorgna M, Acierno D. PROBING THE POSTGELATION REACTIONS OF EPOXIDIZED NATURAL RUBBER CROSS-LINKED WITH DODECENYL SUCCINIC ANHYDRIDE. RUBBER CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.5254/rct.15.84888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Pregelled mixes of an epoxidized natural rubber, known as ENR50, containing dodecenyl succinic anhydride (DDSA) as cross-linking agent and dimethyl benzyl amine (DMBA) as catalyst, were cured isothermally at 160 °C, and the progress of the reactions was followed by both thermal analysis (differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis [TGA]) and infrared spectroscopy (Fourier transform near-infrared and attenuated total reflection). The curing reactions were found to be approximately first order for both heat of reaction associated with cross-linking and the disappearance of the epoxy groups, even though the reduction of epoxy group concentration was found to be substantially greater than the amount expected from reactions with the anhydride, because of the formation of large quantities of vicinal OH groups. The TGA data have indicated that the pregelled mixes undergo more extensive anaerobic degradation at higher temperatures than the un–cross-linked elastomer, which is accelerated by the presence of the DMBA catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leno Mascia
- Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Pietro Russo
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Letizia Verdolotti
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Jane Clarke
- Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Marino Lavorgna
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Acierno
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University Federico II, P.le Tecchio, 80125 Naples, Italy
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28
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Radl S, Kreimer M, Griesser T, Oesterreicher A, Moser A, Kern W, Schlögl S. New strategies towards reversible and mendable epoxy based materials employing [4πs+4πs] photocycloaddition and thermal cycloreversion of pendant anthracene groups. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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29
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Kudo K, Furutani M, Arimitsu K. Imidazole Derivatives with an Intramolecular Hydrogen Bond as Thermal Latent Curing Agents for Thermosetting Resins. ACS Macro Lett 2015; 4:1085-1088. [PMID: 35614808 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Epoxy resins are important thermosetting resins widely used in industrial applications. Though imidazoles as curing agents have attracted particular attention because of their high reactivity in chain polymerizations with epoxides, polymerization of a liquid epoxy resin containing imidazoles proceeds gradually even at room temperature. This makes it difficult to use such mixtures as one-component materials for industrial applications. To improve the shelf life of the mixutures, we have developed a very simple and powerful thermal latent curing agent, a 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)imidazole derivative (1), having an intramolecular hydrogen bond between the phenolic hydroxyl group and the nitrogen atom of the imidazole ring, leading to suppression of reactivity of 1 toward epoxy resins at room temperature. It was confirmed that high reactivity of 1 toward epoxy resins at 150 °C was based on breakage of the intramolecular hydrogen, whereas the epoxy resin composition showed long-term storage stability at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Kudo
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
- Central
Research Laboratory, The Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co. Ltd., 2-13-1 Muroyama, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0052, Japan
| | - Masahiro Furutani
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Koji Arimitsu
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
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30
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31
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Karumuri S, Hiziroglu S, Kalkan AK. Thermoset-cross-linked lignocellulose: a moldable plant biomass. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:6596-6604. [PMID: 25734539 DOI: 10.1021/am508832d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The present work demonstrates a high biomass content (i.e., up to 90% by weight) and moldable material by controlled covalent cross-linking of lignocellulosic particles by a thermoset through epoxide-hydroxyl reactions. As an example for lignocellulosic biomass, Eastern redcedar was employed. Using scanning fluorescence microscopy and vibrational spectroscopy, macroscopic to molecular scale interactions of the thermoset with the lignocellulose have been revealed. Impregnation of the polymer resin into the biomass cellular network by capillary action as well as applied pressure results in a self-organizing structure in the form of thermoset microrods in a matrix of lignocellulose. We also infer permeation of the thermoset into the cell walls from the reaction of epoxides with the hydroxyls of the lignin. Compression tests reveal, at 30% thermoset content, thermoset-cross-linked lignocellulose has superior mechanical properties over a commercial wood plastic composite while comparable stiffness and strength to bulk epoxy and wood, respectively. The failure mechanism is understood to be crack propagation along the particle-thermoset interface and/or interparticle thermoset network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriharsha Karumuri
- †Functional Nanomaterials Laboratory, ‡Department of Mechanical Engineering, and §Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Salim Hiziroglu
- †Functional Nanomaterials Laboratory, ‡Department of Mechanical Engineering, and §Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - A Kaan Kalkan
- †Functional Nanomaterials Laboratory, ‡Department of Mechanical Engineering, and §Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
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32
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Malins EL, Waterson C, Becer CR. Alternating copolymers of functionalized α-methyl styrene monomers and maleic anhydride. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py00935a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alkyl and tertiary amine functionalized α-methyl styrene (AMS) monomers have been synthesized via reactive coupling of 3-isopropenyl-α,α-dimethylbenzyl isocyanate (TMI) with primary amines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - C. Remzi Becer
- School of Engineering and Material Science
- Queen Mary University of London
- London
- UK
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33
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Observation of elastic modulus inhomogeneities in thermosetting epoxies using AFM – Discerning facts and artifacts. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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34
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Gong ZL, Cen L, Wang ST, Chen FL. Synthesis and characterization of maleated glycidyl 3-pentadecenyl phenyl ether as a functionalized plasticizer for styrene-butadiene rubber/carbon black/silica composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Lin Gong
- School of Materials and Energy; Guangdong University of Technology; Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Lan Cen
- School of Materials and Energy; Guangdong University of Technology; Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Shu-Ting Wang
- School of Materials and Energy; Guangdong University of Technology; Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Fu-Lin Chen
- School of Materials and Energy; Guangdong University of Technology; Guangzhou 510006 China
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35
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Fernàndez-Francos X, Serra À, Ramis X. Comparative analysis of stochastic network build-up methods for the curing of epoxy–anhydride thermosets. Eur Polym J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2014.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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36
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López-Beceiro J, Fontenot SA, Gracia-Fernández C, Artiaga R, Chartoff R. A logistic kinetic model for isothermal and nonisothermal cure reactions of thermosetting polymers. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge López-Beceiro
- University of A Coruña Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial II EPS Avda; Mendizábal s/n; 15403 Ferrol Spain
| | - Sean A. Fontenot
- CAMCOR Polymer Characterization Laboratory; University of Oregon; Eugene Oregon 97403
| | | | - Ramón Artiaga
- University of A Coruña Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial II EPS Avda; Mendizábal s/n; 15403 Ferrol Spain
| | - Richard Chartoff
- CAMCOR Polymer Characterization Laboratory; University of Oregon; Eugene Oregon 97403
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37
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Fernàndez-Francos X, Kazarian SG, Ramis X, Serra À. Simultaneous monitoring of curing shrinkage and degree of cure of thermosets by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR FT-IR) spectroscopy. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2013; 67:1427-1436. [PMID: 24359657 DOI: 10.1366/13-07169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel methodology to simultaneously monitor of the degree of cure and curing shrinkage of thermosetting formulations. This methodology is based on the observation of changes in the infrared absorption of reactive functional groups and the groups used as a standard reference for normalization. While the optical path length is exact and controlled in transmission infrared spectroscopy, in attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR FT-IR), the exact determination of volume changes requires the measurement of the refractive indices of the studied system throughout the curing process or at least an indirect parallel measurement of this property. The methodology presented here allows one to achieve quantitative measurements of the degree of cure and shrinkage for thermosets using in situ ATR FT-IR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Fernàndez-Francos
- Department of Analytical and Organic Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
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38
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Maleinization of Soybean Oil Glycerides Obtained from Biodiesel-Derived Crude Glycerol. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-013-2341-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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39
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Soroush A, Rezaie Haghighat H, Sajadinia SH. Thermal and mechanical properties of polysulfide/epoxy copolymer system: the effect of anhydride content. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adel Soroush
- Engineering Research Institute; Soliran St. Fath Highway 13445-754 Tehran Iran
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40
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Fernàndez-Francos X, Ramis X, Serra À. From curing kinetics to network structure: A novel approach to the modeling of the network buildup of epoxy-anhydride thermosets. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Fernàndez-Francos
- Department of Analytical and Organic Chemistry; Universitat Rovira i Virgili; c/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Xavier Ramis
- Thermodynamics Laboratory ETSEIB; Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya; Av. Diagonal 647 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Àngels Serra
- Department of Analytical and Organic Chemistry; Universitat Rovira i Virgili; c/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n 43007 Tarragona Spain
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41
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España JM, Sánchez-Nacher L, Boronat T, Fombuena V, Balart R. Properties of Biobased Epoxy Resins from Epoxidized Soybean Oil (ESBO) Cured with Maleic Anhydride (MA). J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-012-2102-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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42
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Maliger R, Halley PJ, Cooper-White JJ. Poly(glycerol-sebacate) bioelastomers-kinetics of step-growth reactions using Fourier Transform (FT)-Raman spectroscopy. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.37719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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43
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Synthesis of crosslinkable latices with poly(vinyl acetate-co-VeoVa10) cores and poly(glycidyl methacrylate) shells and online-FTIR analysis of the amine induced curing process. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.34837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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44
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Jubsilp C, Ramsiri B, Rimdusit S. Effects of aromatic carboxylic dianhydrides on thermomechanical properties of polybenzoxazine-dianhydride copolymers. POLYM ENG SCI 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.23107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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45
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Chen H, Lu R, Li P, Wang H, Huang T, Huang Z, Li T. Cure and thermal stability of poly(amide-amidic acid)-cured tetraglycidyl 4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.36430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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46
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Liu Q, Ren W, Zhang Y, Zhang Y. A study on the curing kinetics of epoxycyclohexyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes and hydrogenated carboxylated nitrile rubber by dynamic differential scanning calorimetry. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.34954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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47
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Pan X, Webster DC. Impact of Structure and Functionality of Core Polyol in Highly Functional Biobased Epoxy Resins. Macromol Rapid Commun 2011; 32:1324-30. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201100215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2011] [Revised: 05/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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48
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Jubsilp C, Takeichi T, Rimdusit S. Property enhancement of polybenzoxazine modified with dianhydride. Polym Degrad Stab 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2011.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Pan X, Sengupta P, Webster DC. High Biobased Content Epoxy–Anhydride Thermosets from Epoxidized Sucrose Esters of Fatty Acids. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:2416-28. [DOI: 10.1021/bm200549c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Pan
- Department of Coatings and Polymeric Materials, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, United States
| | - Partha Sengupta
- Department of Coatings and Polymeric Materials, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, United States
| | - Dean C. Webster
- Department of Coatings and Polymeric Materials, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, United States
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Tokarev I, Tokareva I, Minko S. Optical nanosensor platform operating in near-physiological pH range via polymer-brush-mediated plasmon coupling. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2011; 3:143-146. [PMID: 21275381 DOI: 10.1021/am101250x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The nanosensors' platform made of a stimuli-responsive polymer/noble metal nanoparticle composite thin film exploits the combination of the swelling-shrinking transition in a poly(N,N'-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) brush and the localized surface plasmon resonance in metal nanoparticles to enable the transduction of changes in the solution pH in the near-physiological range into a pronounced optical signal.
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