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Roy D, B V, Vayalil SK, Gupta A, Prasad NE, Sochor B, Schwartzkopf M, Roth SV, Kraus T. In Situ Study of Structure Formation under Stress in Stretchable Conducting Nanocomposites. J Phys Chem Lett 2023:5834-5840. [PMID: 37339505 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
One of the major limitations of flexible sensors is the loss of conductivity upon multiple stretching and bending cycles. Conducting fillers with two different geometries, carbon black and carbon nanotubes, were introduced in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) for physical insights into the structure formation of nanofillers by the application of periodic tensile stress. The loading of the nanofillers was selected beyond the percolation threshold to determine the cyclic stability of the resulting network channels. The surface chemistry of carbon nanotubes has been varied to understand the interfacial interactions at the molecular length scale. The combination of in situ stretching, annealing, and vis-à-vis conductometry of nanocomposite films with synchrotron-based ultra-small angle X-ray scattering experiments enables us to highlight the importance of the fractal dimensions of nanofillers for the molecular level interactions. The irreversible formation of nanofiller network geometries under cyclic stress and annealing was found to be responsible for the electrical properties of a flexible conducting film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debmalya Roy
- DMSRDE, GT Road, Kanpur 208013, India
- INM - Leibniz-Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Benedikt Sochor
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Stephan V Roth
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Division of Coating Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 48, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tobias Kraus
- INM - Leibniz-Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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2
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Qi XD, Yang JH, Zhang N, Huang T, Zhou ZW, Kühnert I, Pötschke P, Wang Y. Selective localization of carbon nanotubes and its effect on the structure and properties of polymer blends. Prog Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2021.101471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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3
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Changes in Electrical Conductance of Polymer Composites Melts Due to Carbon Nanofiller Particles Migration. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13071030. [PMID: 33810308 PMCID: PMC8036904 DOI: 10.3390/polym13071030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, the results of investigation of the effect of polymer composite melts electrical conductance increase with time are presented. The conductance time dependencies were obtained for composites based on polypropylene filled with carbon nanoparticles of different types. The dependencies were analyzed to demonstrate the possibility of correlation of the conductance kinetics with different composite parameters, such as the filler geometry. Additional studies were carried out, such as electron microscopy study, conductance measurements after consecutive surface layer removal, and composite melt conductance measurements using a three-electrode scheme. The results showed that the increased electrical conductance of the composite materials can be attributed to the formation of an enriched with the filler particles surface layer, which happens during the stay of the composite in a melt state. Analysis of the experimental data, along with the results of numerical modeling, allowed to suggest a possible filler distribution transformation scheme. The physical premises behind the investigated effect are discussed.
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4
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Lin X, Gong M, Innes J, Spencer P, Coates P, Korde S. Breakage of carbon nanotube agglomerates within polypropylene matrix by solid phase die drawing. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Lin
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China
| | - Min Gong
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China
| | - James Innes
- Polymer Interdisciplinary Research Centre, Faculty of Engineering and Informatics University of Bradford Bradford UK
| | - Paul Spencer
- Polymer Interdisciplinary Research Centre, Faculty of Engineering and Informatics University of Bradford Bradford UK
| | - Phil Coates
- Polymer Interdisciplinary Research Centre, Faculty of Engineering and Informatics University of Bradford Bradford UK
| | - Sachin Korde
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Engineering Science School of Pharmacy, University of Bradford Bradford UK
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5
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Formation of polylactide stereocomplex crystallites and the electrical properties of carbon black-filled PLLA/PDLA composites. Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-020-0354-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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6
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Thermal stability and dielectric relaxation behavior of in situ prepared poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-reduced graphene oxide (RGO) composites. Colloid Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-020-04718-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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7
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Lin X, Spencer P, Gong M, Coates P. Highly improved
PP
/
CNTs
sheet prepared by tailoring crystallization morphology through solid‐phase die drawing and multilayer hot compression. POLYMER CRYSTALLIZATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pcr2.10137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Lin
- School of Chemistry and Biological EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China
| | - Paul Spencer
- Polymer Interdisciplinary Research Centre, Faculty of Engineering and InformaticsUniversity of Bradford Bradford UK
| | - Min Gong
- School of Chemistry and Biological EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China
| | - Phil Coates
- Polymer Interdisciplinary Research Centre, Faculty of Engineering and InformaticsUniversity of Bradford Bradford UK
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8
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Effect of Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) Functionalization and Maleic Anhydride-Grafted Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT-g-MA) on the Preparation of Antistatic Packages of PTT/CNT Nanocomposites. JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/jcs4020044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Electronic devices require the use of antistatic packing to prevent electrostatic discharge during their storage or transport. Poly (trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) is a polyester with excellent properties and can be a good candidate for this application. To make this insulating polymer an extrinsic conductor, carbon nanotubes (CNT) can be added to reduce the electrical resistivity of the nanocomposites. In order to facilitate the CNT distribution on polymeric matrix, it was proposed a chemical functionalization using nitric acid for the creation of functional groups on its surface. Moreover, the PTT matrix was modified with a compatibilizer agent based on maleic anhydride grafted PTT (PTT-g-MA), to improve interfacial adhesion between the nanofiller and matrix. In this work, nanocomposites based on PTT/PTT-g-MA/CNT were prepared by extrusion process, with 0.5 wt% and 1.0 wt% of CNT and functionalized CNT. CNT was characterized by stability dispersion in water, Raman spectroscopy, FTIR and XPS analysis, which prove the success of functionalization. The nanocomposites were evaluated by thermal analysis, tensile tests, electrical conductivity, and morphological analysis. The CNT functionalization and the addition of PTT-g-MA increased the dispersion and distribution of CNT in the PTT matrix. The electrical properties show that this material can be used as an antistatic packaging.
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9
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Challenge in manufacturing nanofibril composites with low matrix viscosity: Effects of matrix viscosity and fibril content. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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10
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Mechanical, Electrical and Rheological Behavior of Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11081300. [PMID: 31382510 PMCID: PMC6723935 DOI: 10.3390/polym11081300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper investigates the rheological, mechanical and electrical properties of a Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate (EVA) polymer filled with 1, 3 and 5 wt.% multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The melt flow and pressure-volume-Temperature (pvT) behaviors of the EVA/MWCNT composites were investigated using a high-pressure capillary rheometer, while the electro-mechanical response was investigated on injection-molded samples. Rheological experiments showed that the melt shear viscosity of the EVA/MWCNT composite is dependent on nanotube loading and, at high shear rates, the viscosity showed temperature-dependent shear thinning behavior with a flow index n < 0.35. The specific volume of the EVA/MWCNT composite decreased with increasing pressure and MWCNT wt.%. The transition temperature, corresponding to the pvT crystallization, increased linearly with increasing pressure, i.e., about 20 to 30 °C when cooling under pressure. The elastic modulus, tensile strength and stress at break increased with increasing MWCNT wt.%, whereas the strain at break decreased, suggesting the formation of MWCNT secondary agglomerates. The electrical conductivity of the EVA/MWCNT composite increased with increasing MWCNT wt.% and melt temperature, reaching ~10−2 S/m for the composite containing 5 wt.% MWCNTs. Using the statistical percolation theory, the percolation threshold was estimated at 0.9 wt.% and the critical exponent at 4.95.
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11
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Sangroniz L, Sangroniz A, Fernández M, Etxeberria A, Müller AJ, Santamaria A. Elaboration and Characterization of Conductive Polymer Nanocomposites with Potential Use as Electrically Driven Membranes. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11071180. [PMID: 31337091 PMCID: PMC6680706 DOI: 10.3390/polym11071180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, a general, facile, and relatively low-cost method to produce electrically driven non-porous membranes by revalorization of recycled polyolefins is proposed. The polymer matrices are poly(propylene) (PP) and poly(ethylene) (PE) and their corresponding recycled samples, which are respectively mixed with carbon nanotubes (CNT). The performances of the elaborated nanocomposites are studied by morphological, rheological, and electrical conductivity tests. The Joule heating effect is evaluated by applying an electric field and recording the corresponding temperature rise. An increase of 90 °C is obtained in certain cases, which represents the highest temperature enhancement reached so far by the Joule effect in thermoplastics, to our knowledge. The work shows a route to develop stimulus (voltage)-response (temperature) materials with low cost and with potential applications in many fields. As an example, the increase of the permeability with temperature of membranes made of the indicated nanocomposites, is analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leire Sangroniz
- POLYMAT and Polymer Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Ainara Sangroniz
- POLYMAT and Polymer Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Mercedes Fernández
- POLYMAT and Polymer Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Agustin Etxeberria
- POLYMAT and Polymer Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Alejandro J Müller
- POLYMAT and Polymer Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Antxon Santamaria
- POLYMAT and Polymer Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain.
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12
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High Impact Polystyrene/CNT nanocomposites: Application of volume segregation strategy and behavior under extensional deformation. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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13
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Palza H, Zapata P, Sagredo C. Shape memory composites based on a thermoplastic elastomer polyethylene with carbon nanostructures stimulated by heat and solar radiation having piezoresistive behavior. POLYM INT 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Humberto Palza
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas; Universidad de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - Paula Zapata
- Grupo Polímeros, Facultad de Química y Biología; Universidad de Santiago de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - Christian Sagredo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas; Universidad de Chile; Santiago Chile
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14
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Xiang D, Wang L, Tang Y, Zhao C, Harkin-Jones E, Li Y. Effect of phase transitions on the electrical properties of polymer/carbon nanotube and polymer/graphene nanoplatelet composites with different conductive network structures. POLYM INT 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Xiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Southwest Petroleum University; Chengdu China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Southwest Petroleum University; Chengdu China
| | - Yuhao Tang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Southwest Petroleum University; Chengdu China
| | - Chunxia Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Southwest Petroleum University; Chengdu China
| | | | - Yuntao Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Southwest Petroleum University; Chengdu China
- State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation; Southwest Petroleum University; Chengdu China
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15
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Anisotropic nanoparticles as templates for the crystalline structure of an injection-molded isotactic polypropylene/TiO 2 nanocomposite. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Conductive network formation and destruction in polypropylene/carbon nanotube composites via crystal control using supercritical carbon dioxide. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.09.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Turky G, El-Adly R. Study of phase separation and anomalous molecular behavior of Jojoba oil using dielectric spectroscopy. J Mol Liq 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2017.06.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Influences of Thermal Treatment on the Dielectric Performances of Polystyrene Composites Reinforced by Graphene Nanoplatelets. MATERIALS 2017; 10:ma10070838. [PMID: 28773194 PMCID: PMC5551881 DOI: 10.3390/ma10070838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Dielectric properties of composites near percolation threshold (fc) are often sensitive to thermal treatments, and the annealing temperature is usually associated with a polymer’s rheological properties. In this study, the influences of the thermal treatment on dielectric properties are investigated for the polystyrene (PS) matrix composite reinforced by graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) fillers near fc. It can be found that the thermal treatment can not only increase the dielectric constant, but also decrease the dielectric loss for the PS/GNP composite. This interesting phenomenon possibly happens in the interfacial region of PS/GNP with the thickness about 4–6 nm according to the electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) results. The free volumes around the interface can be easily altered by the movement of polymeric segments after annealing at the glass transition temperature.
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19
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Aldica GV, Ciurea ML, Chipara DM, Lepadatu AM, Lozano K, Stavarache I, Popa S, Chipara M. Isotactic polypropylene-vapor grown carbon nanofibers composites: Electrical properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.45297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gheorghe Virgil Aldica
- National Institute of Materials Physics; Laboratory of Magnetism and Superconductivity; Atomistilor 105 Bis Magurele Ilfov 077125 Romania
| | - Magdalena Lidia Ciurea
- National Institute of Materials Physics; Laboratory of Magnetism and Superconductivity; Atomistilor 105 Bis Magurele Ilfov 077125 Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists; 54 Splaiul Independentei 050094 Bucuresti Romania
| | - Dorina Magdalena Chipara
- Department of Physics and Geology; The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley; Edinburg Texas 78539
| | - Ana Maria Lepadatu
- National Institute of Materials Physics; Laboratory of Magnetism and Superconductivity; Atomistilor 105 Bis Magurele Ilfov 077125 Romania
| | - Karen Lozano
- Department of Physics and Geology; The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley; Edinburg Texas 78539
| | - Ionel Stavarache
- National Institute of Materials Physics; Laboratory of Magnetism and Superconductivity; Atomistilor 105 Bis Magurele Ilfov 077125 Romania
| | - Stelian Popa
- National Institute of Materials Physics; Laboratory of Magnetism and Superconductivity; Atomistilor 105 Bis Magurele Ilfov 077125 Romania
| | - Mircea Chipara
- Department of Physics and Geology; The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley; Edinburg Texas 78539
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20
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Jouni M, Djurado D, Massardier V, Boiteux G. A representative and comprehensive review of the electrical and thermal properties of polymer composites with carbon nanotube and other nanoparticle fillers. POLYM INT 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Jouni
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, IMP@LYON1, UMR CNRS 5223; Villeurbanne France
- INSA de Lyon, IMP@INSA, UMR CNRS 5223; Villeurbanne France
| | - David Djurado
- INAC SPrAM (CEA CNRS Univ. Grenoble, UMR 5819), CEA Grenoble; Grenoble France
| | | | - Gisèle Boiteux
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, IMP@LYON1, UMR CNRS 5223; Villeurbanne France
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21
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Nucleation efficiency of fillers in polymer crystallization studied by fast scanning calorimetry: Carbon nanotubes in polypropylene. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.03.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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22
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Pérez-Medina JC, Waldo-Mendoza MA, Cruz-Delgado VJ, Quiñones-Jurado ZV, González-Morones P, Ziolo RF, Martínez-Colunga JG, Soriano-Corral F, Avila-Orta CA. Metamaterial Behavior of Polymer Nanocomposites Based on Polypropylene/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Fabricated by Means of Ultrasound-Assisted Extrusion. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2016; 9:E923. [PMID: 28774042 PMCID: PMC5457228 DOI: 10.3390/ma9110923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Metamaterial behavior of polymer nanocomposites (NCs) based on isotactic polypropylene (iPP) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was investigated based on the observation of a negative dielectric constant (ε'). It is demonstrated that as the dielectric constant switches from negative to positive, the plasma frequency (ωp) depends strongly on the ultrasound-assisted fabrication method, as well as on the melt flow index of the iPP. NCs were fabricated using ultrasound-assisted extrusion methods with 10 wt % loadings of MWCNTs in iPPs with different melt flow indices (MFI). AC electrical conductivity (σ(AC)) as a function of frequency was determined to complement the electrical classification of the NCs, which were previously designated as insulating (I), static-dissipative (SD), and conductive (C) materials. It was found that the SD and C materials can also be classified as metamaterials (M). This type of behavior emerges from the negative dielectric constant observed at low frequencies although, at certain frequencies, the dielectric constant becomes positive. Our method of fabrication allows for the preparation of metamaterials with tunable ωp. iPP pure samples show only positive dielectric constants. Electrical conductivity increases in all cases with the addition of MWCNTs with the largest increases observed for samples with the highest MFI. A relationship between MFI and the fabrication method, with respect to electrical properties, is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C Pérez-Medina
- Innovación y Desarrollo en Materiales Avanzados A. C., Grupo POLYnnova, Carr. San Luis Potosí-Guadalajara 1510, Nivel 3, Local 12, Lomas del Tecnológico, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P. C.P. 78211, Mexico.
| | - Miguel A Waldo-Mendoza
- Innovación y Desarrollo en Materiales Avanzados A. C., Grupo POLYnnova, Carr. San Luis Potosí-Guadalajara 1510, Nivel 3, Local 12, Lomas del Tecnológico, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P. C.P. 78211, Mexico.
| | - Víctor J Cruz-Delgado
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Blvd. Ing. Enrique Reyna H. 140, Col. San José de los Cerritos, Saltillo, Coahuila C.P. 25294, Mexico.
| | - Zoe V Quiñones-Jurado
- Innovación y Desarrollo en Materiales Avanzados A. C., Grupo POLYnnova, Carr. San Luis Potosí-Guadalajara 1510, Nivel 3, Local 12, Lomas del Tecnológico, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P. C.P. 78211, Mexico.
| | - Pablo González-Morones
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Blvd. Ing. Enrique Reyna H. 140, Col. San José de los Cerritos, Saltillo, Coahuila C.P. 25294, Mexico.
| | - Ronald F Ziolo
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Blvd. Ing. Enrique Reyna H. 140, Col. San José de los Cerritos, Saltillo, Coahuila C.P. 25294, Mexico.
| | - Juan G Martínez-Colunga
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Blvd. Ing. Enrique Reyna H. 140, Col. San José de los Cerritos, Saltillo, Coahuila C.P. 25294, Mexico.
| | - Florentino Soriano-Corral
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Blvd. Ing. Enrique Reyna H. 140, Col. San José de los Cerritos, Saltillo, Coahuila C.P. 25294, Mexico.
| | - Carlos A Avila-Orta
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Blvd. Ing. Enrique Reyna H. 140, Col. San José de los Cerritos, Saltillo, Coahuila C.P. 25294, Mexico.
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23
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Palza H, Garzon C, Rojas M. Elastomeric ethylene copolymers with carbon nanostructures having tailored strain sensor behavior and their interpretation based on the excluded volume theory. POLYM INT 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Humberto Palza
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Biotecnología; Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile
| | - Cristhian Garzon
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Biotecnología; Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Biotecnología; Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile
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24
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Zhang K, Peng JK, Shi YD, Chen YF, Zeng JB, Wang M. Control of the Crystalline Morphology of Poly(l-lactide) by Addition of High-Melting-Point Poly(l-lactide) and Its Effect on the Distribution of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:7423-37. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b05524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ji-Kun Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yu-Dong Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yi-Fu Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jian-Bing Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ming Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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25
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JieDeng, Liu ZY, Zheng SD, Huang YZ, Yang W, Yang MB. New understanding for the formation of conductive network in the nanocomposites during the crystallization of matrix. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-016-0944-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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26
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Li D, Fei G, Xia H, Spencer PE, Coates PD. Micro-contact reconstruction of adjacent carbon nanotubes in polymer matrix through annealing-Induced relaxation of interfacial residual stress and strain. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongxu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
- Polymer IRC; Faculty of Engineering and Informatics, University of Bradford; Bradford BD71DP United Kingdom
| | - Guoxia Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Hesheng Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Paul E. Spencer
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Philip D. Coates
- Polymer IRC; Faculty of Engineering and Informatics, University of Bradford; Bradford BD71DP United Kingdom
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27
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Sadeghi S, Zehtab Yazdi A, Sundararaj U. Controlling Short-Range Interactions by Tuning Surface Chemistry in HDPE/Graphene Nanoribbon Nanocomposites. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:11867-78. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b03558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soheil Sadeghi
- Polymer Processing Group,
Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr, NW Calgary, AB T2N1N4, Canada
| | - Alireza Zehtab Yazdi
- Polymer Processing Group,
Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr, NW Calgary, AB T2N1N4, Canada
| | - Uttandaraman Sundararaj
- Polymer Processing Group,
Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr, NW Calgary, AB T2N1N4, Canada
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28
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Wegrzyn M, Galindo B, Benedito A, Gimenez E. Morphology, thermal, and electrical properties of polypropylene hybrid composites co-filled with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and graphene nanoplatelets. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Wegrzyn
- Instituto Tecnológico del Plástico (AIMPLAS); Calle Gustave Eiffel 4 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Begoña Galindo
- Instituto Tecnológico del Plástico (AIMPLAS); Calle Gustave Eiffel 4 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Adolfo Benedito
- Instituto Tecnológico del Plástico (AIMPLAS); Calle Gustave Eiffel 4 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Enrique Gimenez
- Instituto de Tecnología de Materiales. Universidad Politécnica de Valencia; Camino de Vera 46022 Valencia Spain
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29
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Polyimide nanocomposites with novel functionalized-graphene sheet: thermal property, morphology, gas permeation, and conductivity. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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30
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Mutiso RM, Winey KI. Electrical properties of polymer nanocomposites containing rod-like nanofillers. Prog Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2014.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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31
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Yu K, Lee JM, Kim J, Kim G, Kang H, Park B, Ho Kahng Y, Kwon S, Lee S, Lee BH, Kim J, Park HI, Kim SO, Lee K. Semiconducting polymers with nanocrystallites interconnected via boron-doped carbon nanotubes. NANO LETTERS 2014; 14:7100-7106. [PMID: 25372930 DOI: 10.1021/nl503574h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Organic semiconductors are key building blocks for future electronic devices that require unprecedented properties of low-weight, flexibility, and portability. However, the low charge-carrier mobility and undesirable processing conditions limit their compatibility with low-cost, flexible, and printable electronics. Here, we present significantly enhanced field-effect mobility (μ(FET)) in semiconducting polymers mixed with boron-doped carbon nanotubes (B-CNTs). In contrast to undoped CNTs, which tend to form undesired aggregates, the B-CNTs exhibit an excellent dispersion in conjugated polymer matrices and improve the charge transport between polymer chains. Consequently, the B-CNT-mixed semiconducting polymers enable the fabrication of high-performance FETs on plastic substrates via a solution process; the μFET of the resulting FETs reaches 7.2 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1), which is the highest value reported for a flexible FET based on a semiconducting polymer. Our approach is applicable to various semiconducting polymers without any additional undesirable processing treatments, indicating its versatility, universality, and potential for high-performance printable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kilho Yu
- Department of Nanobio Materials and Electronics, School of Materials Science and Engineering, ‡Heeger Center for Advanced Materials (HCAM), and §Research Institute for Solar and Sustainable Energies (RISE), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
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32
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Versavaud S, Régnier G, Gouadec G, Vincent M. Influence of injection molding on the electrical properties of polyamide 12 filled with multi-walled carbon nanotubes. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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33
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Ata S, Yoon H, Subramaniam C, Mizuno T, Nishizawa A, Hata K. Scalable, solvent-less de-bundling of single-wall carbon nanotube into elastomers for high conductive functionality. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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34
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Bowen CR, Buschhorn S, Adamaki V. Manufacture and characterization of conductor-insulator composites based on carbon nanotubes and thermally reduced graphene oxide. PURE APPL CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2013-1207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIn this paper we present characterization data for carbon nanotube (CNT)-epoxy and thermally reduced graphene oxide (TRGO)-epoxy nano-composites. The frequency-dependent ac conductivity and permittivity are examined as a function of volume fraction of carbon-based filler. The measured electrical properties and their frequency dependency are evaluated on the basis that such composites can be considered as a network of resistors and capacitors, whereby the resistors represent the conductive component (CNT or TRGO) and the capacitors are the insulating component (epoxy matrix). Differences observed between the frequency-dependent electrical properties of the CNT-epoxy and TRGO-epoxy composites are explained in terms of the different electrical conductivities of the CNT and TRGO phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris R. Bowen
- 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Sam Buschhorn
- 2Institut für Kunststoffe und Verbundwerkstoffe – Technische Universität Hamburg-Harburg, Denickestraße 15, 21073, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Vana Adamaki
- 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
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35
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Wurm A, Lellinger D, Minakov AA, Skipa T, Pötschke P, Nicula R, Alig I, Schick C. Crystallization of poly(ε-caprolactone)/MWCNT composites: A combined SAXS/WAXS, electrical and thermal conductivity study. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.02.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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36
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37
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Yang J, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Chen P. Influences of high aspect ratio carbon nanotube network on normal stress difference measurements and extrusion behaviors for isotactic polypropylene nanocomposite melts. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra44777d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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38
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Marcin W, Benedito A, Gimenez E. Preparation and characterization of extruded nanocomposite based on polycarbonate/butadiene-acrylonitrile-styrene blend filled with multiwalled carbon nanotubes. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wegrzyn Marcin
- Departamento de Materiales; Instituto Tecnológico del Plástico (AIMPLAS); Calle Gustave Eiffel 4 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Adolfo Benedito
- Departamento de Materiales; Instituto Tecnológico del Plástico (AIMPLAS); Calle Gustave Eiffel 4 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Enrique Gimenez
- Instituto de Tecnología de Materiales; Universidad Politécnica de Valencia; Camino de Vera 46022 Valencia Spain
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39
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Yu F, Deng H, Zhang Q, Wang K, Zhang C, Chen F, Fu Q. Anisotropic multilayer conductive networks in carbon nanotubes filled polyethylene/polypropylene blends obtained through high speed thin wall injection molding. POLYMER 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.09.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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40
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Role of surface chemical groups on carbon nanotubes in nucleation for polymer crystallization: Interfacial interaction and steric effect. POLYMER 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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41
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Hilarius K, Lellinger D, Alig I, Villmow T, Pegel S, Pötschke P. Influence of shear deformation on the electrical and rheological properties of combined filler networks in polymer melts: Carbon nanotubes and carbon black in polycarbonate. POLYMER 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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42
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Feng H, Wang X, Wu D. Fabrication of Spirocyclic Phosphazene Epoxy-Based Nanocomposites with Graphene via Exfoliation of Graphite Platelets and Thermal Curing for Enhancement of Mechanical and Conductive Properties. Ind Eng Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ie400483x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic−Inorganic Composite Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic−Inorganic Composite Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Dezhen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic−Inorganic Composite Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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43
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Maiti S, Suin S, Shrivastava NK, Khatua B. Low percolation threshold and high electrical conductivity in melt-blended polycarbonate/multiwall carbon nanotube nanocomposites in the presence of poly(ε-caprolactone). POLYM ENG SCI 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.23600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Maiti
- Materials Science Centre; Indian Institute of Technology; Kharagpur 721302 India
| | - Supratim Suin
- Materials Science Centre; Indian Institute of Technology; Kharagpur 721302 India
| | | | - B.B. Khatua
- Materials Science Centre; Indian Institute of Technology; Kharagpur 721302 India
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44
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Yin CL, Liu ZY, Huang SL, Chen C, Yang MB. Isothermal-Treatment-Induced Network Formation of Carbon Black in Isotactic Polypropylene/Carbon Black Composites. J MACROMOL SCI B 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2011.564089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Lu Yin
- a College of Polymer Science and Engineering , State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , P. R. China
| | - Zheng-Ying Liu
- a College of Polymer Science and Engineering , State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , P. R. China
| | - Shi-Lin Huang
- a College of Polymer Science and Engineering , State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , P. R. China
| | - Chen Chen
- b Analytical and Testing Center , Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , P. R. China
| | - Ming-Bo Yang
- a College of Polymer Science and Engineering , State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , P. R. China
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45
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Huegun A, Fernández M, Peña J, Muñoz ME, Santamaría A. Liquid-State and Solid-State Properties of Nanotube/Polypropylene Nanocomposites Elaborated via a Simple Procedure. NANOMATERIALS 2013; 3:173-191. [PMID: 28348329 PMCID: PMC5304932 DOI: 10.3390/nano3010173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Non-modified Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT) and polypropylene (PP) in absence of compatibilizer have been chosen to elaborate MWCNT/PP nanocomposites using a simple melt-mixing dispersing method. Calorimetry results indicate little effect of MWCNTs on crystallinity of PP, revealing not much interaction between nanotubes and PP chains, which is compatible with the employed manufacturing procedure. In any case, a hindering of polymer chains motion by MWCNTs is observed in the molten state, using oscillatory flow experiments, and a rheological percolation threshold is determined. The percolation limit is not noticed by Pressure-Volume-Temperature (PVT) measurements in the melt, because this technique rather detects local motions. Keeping the nanocomposites in the molten state provokes an electrical conductivity increase of several orders of magnitude, but on ulterior crystallization, the conductivity decreases, probably due to a reduction of the ionic conductivity. For a concentration of 2% MWCNTs, in the limit of percolation, the conductivity decreases considerably more, because percolation network constituted in the molten state is unstable and is destroyed during crystallization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arrate Huegun
- Polymer Science and Technology Department and Polymer Institute POLYMAT, Faculty of Chemistry and J. M. Korta Building, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 1072, E-20080 San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Mercedes Fernández
- Polymer Science and Technology Department and Polymer Institute POLYMAT, Faculty of Chemistry and J. M. Korta Building, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 1072, E-20080 San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Juanjo Peña
- Department of Physics of Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 1072, E-20080 San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - María Eugenia Muñoz
- Polymer Science and Technology Department and Polymer Institute POLYMAT, Faculty of Chemistry and J. M. Korta Building, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 1072, E-20080 San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Antxon Santamaría
- Polymer Science and Technology Department and Polymer Institute POLYMAT, Faculty of Chemistry and J. M. Korta Building, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 1072, E-20080 San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain.
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46
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Santamaria A, Muñoz ME, Fernández M, Landa M. Electrically conductive adhesives with a focus on adhesives that contain carbon nanotubes. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.39137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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47
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Ren D, Zheng S, Huang S, Liu Z, Yang M. Effect of the carbon black structure on the stability and efficiency of the conductive network in polyethylene composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.38606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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48
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Percolation and gel-like behavior of multiwalled carbon nanotube/polypropylene composites influenced by nanotube aspect ratio. POLYMER 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2012.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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49
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Mayoral B, Hornsby PR, McNally T, Schiller TL, Jack K, Martin DJ. Quasi-solid state uniaxial and biaxial deformation of PET/MWCNT composites: structural evolution, electrical and mechanical properties. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra22597f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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50
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NAKANO H, SHIMIZU K, KOSHIMORI Y, NOMURA Y, TAKAHASHI S, KONO A, OUGIZAWA T, HORIBE H. Quantitative Analysis of Positive Temperature Coefficient Characteristics of Conductive Composites. KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU 2013. [DOI: 10.1295/koron.70.476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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