1
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Jäger E, Černoch P, Vragovic M, Calumby Albuquerque LJ, Sincari V, Heizer T, Jäger A, Kučka J, Janoušková OŠ, Pavlova E, Šefc L, Giacomelli FC. Membrane Permeability and Responsiveness Drive Performance: Linking Structural Features with the Antitumor Effectiveness of Doxorubicin-Loaded Stimuli-Triggered Polymersomes. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:4192-4202. [PMID: 38917475 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The permeability and responsiveness of polymer membranes are absolutely relevant in the design of polymersomes for cargo delivery. Accordingly, we herein correlate the structural features, permeability, and responsiveness of doxorubicin-loaded (DOX-loaded) nonresponsive and stimuli-responsive polymersomes with their in vitro and in vivo antitumor performance. Polymer vesicles were produced using amphiphilic block copolymers containing a hydrophilic poly[N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide] (PHPMA) segment linked to poly[N-(4-isopropylphenylacetamide)ethyl methacrylate] (PPPhA, nonresponsive block), poly[4-(4,4,5,5-tetra-methyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzyl methacrylate] [PbAPE, reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive block], or poly[2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl methacrylate] (PDPA, pH-responsive block). The PDPA-based polymersomes demonstrated outstanding biological performance with antitumor activity notably enhanced compared to their counterparts. We attribute this behavior to a fast-triggered DOX release in acidic tumor environments as induced by pH-responsive polymersome disassembly at pH < 6.8. Possibly, an insufficient ROS concentration in the selected tumor model attenuates the rate of ROS-responsive vesicle degradation, whereas the nonresponsive nature of the PPPhA block remarkably impacts the performance of such potential nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliézer Jäger
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 162 00, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Černoch
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 162 00, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Vragovic
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 162 00, Czech Republic
| | - Lindomar Jose Calumby Albuquerque
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 162 00, Czech Republic
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo Andre 09280-560, Brazil
| | - Vladimir Sincari
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 162 00, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Heizer
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging (CAPI), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague 120 00, Czech Republic
| | - Alessandro Jäger
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 162 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kučka
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 162 00, Czech Republic
| | | | - Ewa Pavlova
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 162 00, Czech Republic
| | - Luděk Šefc
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging (CAPI), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague 120 00, Czech Republic
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2
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Berking BB, Mallen-Huertas L, Rijpkema SJ, Wilson DA. Porous Polymersomes as Carriers for Silver Nanoparticles and Nanoclusters: Advantages of Compartmentalization for Antimicrobial Usage. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:5905-5914. [PMID: 37949646 PMCID: PMC10716846 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The global threat to public health posed by antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections requires the exploration of innovative approaches. Nanomaterials, particularly silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and nanoclusters (AgNCs), have emerged as potential solutions to address the pressing issue of a bacterial healthcare crisis. However, the high cytotoxicity levels and low stability associated with AgNPs and AgNCs limit their applicability. To overcome these challenges, AgNCs and AgNPs were synthesized in the presence of porous polymersomes, resulting in a compartmentalized system that enhances stability, reduces cytotoxicity, and maintains high antimicrobial activity. The encapsulated particles exhibit a distribution of silver components on both the surface and the core, which is confirmed through the analysis of surface charge and center of mass. Moreover, our investigation demonstrates improved stability of the nanoparticles and nanoclusters upon entrapment in the porous system, as evidenced by the ion release assay. The antimicrobial effectiveness of porous polymersomes containing AgNPs and AgNCs was demonstrated by visualizing the biofilms and quantifying the penetration depth. Furthermore, cytotoxicity studies showed that compartmentalization increases cell compatibility for AgNC-based systems, showcasing the many advantages this system holds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sjoerd J. Rijpkema
- Systems Chemistry Department,
Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud
University, Nijmegen 6500 HC, The Netherlands
| | - Daniela A. Wilson
- Systems Chemistry Department,
Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud
University, Nijmegen 6500 HC, The Netherlands
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3
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Guinart A, Korpidou M, Doellerer D, Pacella G, Stuart MCA, Dinu IA, Portale G, Palivan C, Feringa BL. Synthetic molecular motor activates drug delivery from polymersomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2301279120. [PMID: 37364098 PMCID: PMC10319042 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2301279120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The design of stimuli-responsive systems in nanomedicine arises from the challenges associated with the unsolved needs of current molecular drug delivery. Here, we present a delivery system with high spatiotemporal control and tunable release profiles. The design is based on the combination of an hydrophobic synthetic molecular rotary motor and a PDMS-b-PMOXA diblock copolymer to create a responsive self-assembled system. The successful incorporation and selective activation by low-power visible light (λ = 430 nm, 6.9 mW) allowed to trigger the delivery of a fluorescent dye with high efficiencies (up to 75%). Moreover, we proved the ability to turn on and off the responsive behavior on demand over sequential cycles. Low concentrations of photoresponsive units (down to 1 mol% of molecular motor) are shown to effectively promote release. Our system was also tested under relevant physiological conditions using a lung cancer cell line and the encapsulation of an Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug. Similar levels of cell viability are observed compared to the free given drug showing the potential of our platform to deliver functional drugs on request with high efficiency. This work provides an important step for the application of synthetic molecular machines in the next generation of smart delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainoa Guinart
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, 9747 AGGroningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Korpidou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, 4058Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Doellerer
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, 9747 AGGroningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gianni Pacella
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, 9747 AGGroningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marc C. A. Stuart
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, 9747 AGGroningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ionel Adrian Dinu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, 4058Basel, Switzerland
- National Centre of Competence in Research-Molecular Systems Engineering, BioPark Rosental 1095Basel, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Portale
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, 9747 AGGroningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelia Palivan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, 4058Basel, Switzerland
- National Centre of Competence in Research-Molecular Systems Engineering, BioPark Rosental 1095Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Nanoscience Institute, University of Basel, 4056Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ben L. Feringa
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, 9747 AGGroningen, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, 9747 AGGroningen, The Netherlands
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4
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de Oliveira FA, Albuquerque LJC, Castro CE, Riske KA, Bellettini IC, Giacomelli FC. Reduced cytotoxicity of nanomaterials driven by nano-bio interactions: Case study of single protein coronas enveloping polymersomes. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 213:112387. [PMID: 35151044 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The protein adsorption onto poly(acrylic acid)-block-polystyrene (PAA22-b-PS144) polymersomes has been investigated with regard to structural features, thermodynamic aspects and biological consequences. The light scattering measurements revealed the formation of protein coronas enveloping the polymeric capsules regardless of the chemical nature of the biomacromolecules. The experiments were conducted by using lysozyme, immunoglobulin G - IgG and bovine serum albumin - BSA as model proteins due to their differences concerning size and residual surface charge at physiological pH. The protein adsorption was further confirmed by isothermal titration calorimetry, and the experimental data suggest that the phenomenon is mainly governed by hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions. The pre-existing protein layer via the pre-incubation in protein environments notably attenuates the cytotoxicity of the nanomaterial compared to the pristine counterparts. This approach can possibly be extended to different types of assemblies when intermolecular interactions are able to induce protein adsorption and the development of protein coronas around nanoparticles. Such fairly simple method may be convenient to engineer safer nanomaterials towards a variety of biomedical applications when the nanotoxicity is an issue. Additionally, the strategy can possibly be used to tailor the surface properties of nanoparticles by adsorbing specific proteins for targeting purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carlos E Castro
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | - Karin A Riske
- Departamento de Biofísica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ismael C Bellettini
- Departamento de Ciências Exatas e Educação, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Blumenau, Brazil
| | - Fernando C Giacomelli
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil.
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5
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Niu F, Yu J, Fan J, Zhang B, Ritzoulis C, Pan W. The role of glycerol on the thermal gelation of myofibrillar protein from giant squid (Dosidicus gigas) mince. Food Chem 2022; 371:131149. [PMID: 34583173 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This work studies the effect of glycerol on the chemical physics of the thermal gelatin of protein from giant squid minced meat. The presence of glycerol induced changes in the nano protein particles (NPP) self-assembled structures. These nanoscale events resulted in dramatic changes on the interactions between proteins when forming gels, with the contribution of ionic interactions increasing by 17% upon gelation, that of hydrogen bonds reducing by 50%, that of hydrophobic interactions decreasing by 45%, and that of disulphide bonding increasing by 18%. Glycerol also induced cluster formation in myofibrillar solutions. As a result, incorporation of glycerol increased springiness, resilience, and adhesiveness of the formed gels by 13%, 25%, and 370% respectively. The heating gelation of myofibrillar proteins was monitored at various temperatures via recording the elastic and storage moduli. Rheology and micro-rheology studies revealed that the presence of glycerol increased G' and G″ of thermally-gelled giant squid meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuge Niu
- The School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jiao Yu
- The School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jiamei Fan
- The School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Christos Ritzoulis
- The School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Department of Food Science and Technology, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Weichun Pan
- The School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
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6
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Monitoring anthropogenic particles in the environment: Recent developments and remaining challenges at the forefront of analytical methods. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2021.101513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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7
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Katterman C, Pierce C, Larsen J. Combining Nanoparticle Shape Modulation and Polymersome Technology in Drug Delivery. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:2853-2862. [PMID: 35014381 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This paper highlights the potential benefits of using self-assembled polymeric nanoparticles of various shapes to enhance drug uptake. First, we highlight the growth and development of the polymersome, using a liposome as a blueprint for amphiphilic codelivery. Then, we focus on the advantages of nanoparticle elongation, drawing from the field of solid nanoparticles, as opposed to self-assembled vesicles which have not yet been extensively explored in shape-modulated drug delivery applications. Notably, regardless of the material used in the solid nanoparticle systems, more elongated shapes lead to greater cellular uptake, decreased interaction with the reticuloendothelial system macrophages, and increased circulation times. Finally, we highlight the methods currently being developed to modulate polymersome shape, thus providing a drug delivery system with the benefits derived from amphiphilicity and elongated structures. Current methods employed to modulate polymersome shape involve osmotic pressure gradients, solvent switching, and the use of cross-linking agents. Although these methods are successful in modulating polymersome shapes and the benefits of elongated nanoparticles in therapeutic targeting are clear, these methods have not yet been explored for applications in drug delivery.
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8
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Quattrini F, Berrecoso G, Crecente-Campo J, Alonso MJ. Asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation as a multifunctional technique for the characterization of polymeric nanocarriers. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 11:373-395. [PMID: 33521866 PMCID: PMC7987708 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-00918-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The importance of polymeric nanocarriers in the field of drug delivery is ever-increasing, and the accurate characterization of their properties is paramount to understand and predict their behavior. Asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) is a fractionation technique that has gained considerable attention for its gentle separation conditions, broad working range, and versatility. AF4 can be hyphenated to a plurality of concentration and size detectors, thus permitting the analysis of the multifunctionality of nanomaterials. Despite this potential, the practical information that can be retrieved by AF4 and its possible applications are still rather unfamiliar to the pharmaceutical scientist. This review was conceived as a primer that clearly states the "do's and don'ts" about AF4 applied to the characterization of polymeric nanocarriers. Aside from size characterization, AF4 can be beneficial during formulation optimization, for drug loading and drug release determination and for the study of interactions among biomaterials. It will focus mainly on the advances made in the last 5 years, as well as indicating the problematics on the consensus, which have not been reached yet. Methodological recommendations for several case studies will be also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Quattrini
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, Singular Research Centers, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Germán Berrecoso
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, Singular Research Centers, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), IDIS Research Institute, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Crecente-Campo
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, Singular Research Centers, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), IDIS Research Institute, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - María José Alonso
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, Singular Research Centers, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), IDIS Research Institute, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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9
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Muza UL, Boye S, Lederer A. Dealing with the complexity of conjugated and self‐assembled polymer‐nanostructures using field‐flow fractionation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ansa.202100008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Upenyu L. Muza
- Center Macromolecular Structure Analysis Leibniz‐Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden Dresden Germany
| | - Susanne Boye
- Center Macromolecular Structure Analysis Leibniz‐Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden Dresden Germany
| | - Albena Lederer
- Center Macromolecular Structure Analysis Leibniz‐Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden Dresden Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science Stellenbosch University Matieland South Africa
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10
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Černoch P, Jager A, Černochová Z, Sincari V, Albuquerque LJC, Konefal R, Pavlova E, Giacomelli FC, Jager E. Engineering of pH-triggered nanoplatforms based on novel poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline)-b-poly[2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl methacrylate] diblock copolymers with tunable morphologies for biomedical applications. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00141h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
CROP and RAFT polymerization was used to produce PMeOxm-b-PDPAn block copolymers. The microfluid technique enabled the manufacturing of pH-triggered nanoplatforms with different morphologies as driven by the overall molecular weight of the chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Černoch
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- 16206 Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Alessandro Jager
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- 16206 Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Zulfiya Černochová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- 16206 Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Sincari
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- 16206 Prague
- Czech Republic
| | | | - Rafal Konefal
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- 16206 Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Ewa Pavlova
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- 16206 Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Fernando C. Giacomelli
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas
- Universidade Federal do ABC
- Santo André 09210-580
- Brazil
| | - Eliezer Jager
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- 16206 Prague
- Czech Republic
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11
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Tuning Size and Morphology of mPEG- b-p(HPMA-Bz) Copolymer Self-Assemblies Using Microfluidics. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12112572. [PMID: 33147743 PMCID: PMC7693845 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The careful design of nanoparticles, in terms of size and morphology, is of great importance to developing effective drug delivery systems. The ability to precisely tailor nanoparticles in size and morphology during polymer self-assembly was therefore investigated. Four poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(N-2-benzoyloxypropyl methacrylamide) mPEG-b-p(HPMA-Bz) block copolymers with a fixed hydrophilic block of mPEG 5 kDa and a varying molecular weight of the hydrophobic p(HPMA-Bz) block (A: 17.1, B: 10.0, C: 5.2 and D: 2.7 kDa) were self-assembled into nanoparticles by nanoprecipitation under well-defined flow conditions, using microfluidics, at different concentrations. The nanoparticles from polymer A, increased in size from 55 to 90 nm using lower polymer concentrations and slower flow rates and even polymer vesicles were formed along with micelles. Similarly, nanoparticles from polymer D increased in size from 35 to 70 nm at slower flow rates and also formed vesicles along with micelles, regardless of the used concentration. Differently, polymers B and C mainly self-assembled into micelles at the different applied flow rates with negligible size difference. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the self-assembly of mPEG-b-p(HPMA-Bz) block copolymers can be easily tailored in size and morphology using microfluidics and is therefore an attractive option for further scaled-up production activities.
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12
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Outstanding protein-repellent feature of soft nanoparticles based on poly(N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide) outer shells. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 574:260-271. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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13
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Selianitis D, Pispas S. PDEGMA‐b‐PDIPAEMA
copolymers via
RAFT
polymerization and their
pH
and thermoresponsive schizophrenic self‐assembly in aqueous media. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20200266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Selianitis
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute National Hellenic Research Foundation Athens Greece
| | - Stergios Pispas
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute National Hellenic Research Foundation Athens Greece
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14
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L'Amoreaux N, Ali A, Iqbal S, Larsen J. Persistent prolate polymersomes for enhanced co-delivery of hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:175103. [PMID: 31940601 PMCID: PMC9531343 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab6bf1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled polymersomes encapsulate, protect, and deliver hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs. Though spherical polymersomes are effective, early studies suggest that non-spherical structures may enhance specificity of delivery and uptake due to similarity to endogenous uptake targets. Here we describe a method to obtain persistent non-spherical shapes, prolates, via osmotic pressure and the effect of prolates on uptake behavior. Polyethylene glycol-b-poly(lactic acid) polymersomes change in diameter from 145 ± 6 nm to 191 ± 1 nm and increase in polydispersity from 0.05 ± 0.02 to 0.12 ± 0.01 nm after addition of 50 mM salt. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy confirm changes from spheres to prolates. Prolate-like polymersomes maintain their shape in 50 mM NaCl for seven days. Nile Red and bovine serum albumin-Fluorescein dyes are taken up in greater amounts by SH-SY5Y neural cells when encapsulated in polymersomes. Prolate polymersomes may be taken up more efficiently in neural cells than spherical polymersomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas L'Amoreaux
- Department of Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, United States of America
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15
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Ridolfo R, Arends JJ, van Hest JCM, Williams DS. Wormlike Nanovector with Enhanced Drug Loading Using Blends of Biodegradable Block Copolymers. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:2199-2207. [PMID: 32208660 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The application of nanoparticles comprising amphiphilic block copolymers for the delivery of drugs is a subject of great interest as they hold promise for more effective and selective therapies. In order to achieve this ambition, it is of critical importance to develop our understanding of the self-assembly mechanisms by which block copolymers undergo so that we can control their morphology, tune their ability to be loaded with biofunctional cargoes, and optimize their interactions with target cells. To this end, we have developed a strategy by which blends of (biocompatible) amphiphilic block copolymers generate nonspherical nanovectors, simultaneously enhancing drug loading without the need for subsequent purification owing to the use of the biocompatible direct hydration approach. The principal morphology achieved using this blending strategy are wormlike nanovectors (nanoworms, NWs), with an elongated form known to have a profound effect on flow behavior and interactions with cells. Unloaded nanoworms are not toxic toward human retinal (ARPE-19) cells and can be effectively endocytosed even after varying the surface charge. In terms of drug loading, we demonstrate that uptake of dexamethasone (DEX; a clinically relevant therapeutic agent) in nanoworms (DEX@NWs) can be enhanced using this process, increasing drug content up to 0.5 mg/mL (10 wt % in particles). Furthermore, such nanoworms are stable for at least 5 months and are, therefore, a promising platform for nanomedicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxane Ridolfo
- Bio-Organic Chemistry, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513 (STO 3.41), 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanrick J Arends
- Bio-Organic Chemistry, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513 (STO 3.41), 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jan C M van Hest
- Bio-Organic Chemistry, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513 (STO 3.41), 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - David S Williams
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
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16
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Keller S, Toebes BJ, Wilson DA. Active, Autonomous, and Adaptive Polymeric Particles for Biomedical Applications. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:1135-1145. [PMID: 30574789 PMCID: PMC6415150 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Nature's motors are complex and efficient systems, which are able to respond to many different stimuli present in the cell. Nanomotors for biomedical applications are designed to mimic nature's complexity; however, they usually lack biocompatibility and the ability to adapt to their environment. Polymeric vesicles can overcome these problems due to the soft and flexible nature of polymers. Herein we will highlight the recent progress and the crucial steps needed to fabricate active and adaptive motor systems for their use in biomedical applications and our approach to reach this goal. This includes the formation of active, asymmetric vesicles and the incorporation of a catalyst, together with their potential in biological applications and the challenges still to overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniela A. Wilson
- Institute of Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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17
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Siirilä J, Häkkinen S, Tenhu H. The emulsion polymerization induced self-assembly of a thermoresponsive polymer poly(N-vinylcaprolactam). Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py01421c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A thermoresponsive polymer, poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL), was synthesized in an emulsion above its thermal transition temperature to produce particles via polymerization induced self-assembly (PISA).
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18
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Wong CK, Stenzel MH, Thordarson P. Non-spherical polymersomes: formation and characterization. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:4019-4035. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00856f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This tutorial review summarizes recent efforts over the past decade to study the morphological transformation of conventionally spherical polymersomes into non-spherical polymersomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin Ken Wong
- School of Chemistry
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
- The Australian Centre for Nanomedicine and the ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology
| | - Martina H. Stenzel
- School of Chemistry
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
| | - Pall Thordarson
- School of Chemistry
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
- The Australian Centre for Nanomedicine and the ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology
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19
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Chidanguro T, Ghimire E, Liu CH, Simon YC. Polymersomes: Breaking the Glass Ceiling? SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1802734. [PMID: 30369045 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201802734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Polymer vesicles, also known as polymersomes, have garnered a lot of interest even before the first report of their fabrication in the mid-1990s. These capsules have found applications in areas such as drug delivery, diagnostics and cellular models, and are made via the self-assembly of amphiphilic block copolymers, predominantly with soft, rubbery hydrophobic segments. Comparatively, and despite their remarkable impermeability, glassy polymersomes (GPs) have been less pervasive due to their rigidity, lack of biodegradability and more restricted fabrication strategies. GPs are now becoming more prominent, thanks to their ability to undergo stable shape-change (e.g., into non-spherical morphologies) as a response to a predetermined trigger (e.g., light, solvent). The basics of block copolymer self-assembly with an emphasis on polymersomes and GPs in particular are reviewed here. The principles and advantages of shape transformation of GPs as well as their general usefulness are also discussed, together with some of the challenges and opportunities currently facing this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamuka Chidanguro
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Dr. #5050, Hattiesburg, 39406, MS, USA
| | - Elina Ghimire
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Dr. #5050, Hattiesburg, 39406, MS, USA
| | - Cheyenne H Liu
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Dr. #5050, Hattiesburg, 39406, MS, USA
| | - Yoan C Simon
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Dr. #5050, Hattiesburg, 39406, MS, USA
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20
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Wauters AC, Pijpers IAB, Mason AF, Williams DS, Tel J, Abdelmohsen LKEA, van Hest JCM. Development of Morphologically Discrete PEG-PDLLA Nanotubes for Precision Nanomedicine. Biomacromolecules 2018; 20:177-183. [PMID: 30265794 PMCID: PMC6335608 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Precise
control over the morphological features of nanoparticles
is an important requisite for their application in nanomedical research.
Parameters such as size and shape have been identified as critical
features for effective nanotherapeutic technologies due to their role
in circulation, distribution, and internalization in vivo. Tubular
PEG–PDLLA polymersomes (nanotubes) exhibit an interesting morphology
with potential for immunotherapeutics, as the elongated shape can
affect cell–particle interactions. Developing methodologies
that permit control over the precise form of such nanotubes is important
for their biomedical implementation due to the stringent physicochemical
constraints for efficacious performance. Through careful control over
the engineering process, we demonstrate the generation of well-defined
nanotubes based on polymersomes as small as 250 and 100 nm, which
can be successfully shape transformed. The quality of the resulting
nanostructures was established by physical characterization using
AF4-MALS and cryo-TEM. Moreover, we show the successful loading of
such nanotubes with model payloads (proteins and drugs). These findings
provide a promising platform for implementation in biomedical applications
in which discrete structure and functionality are essential features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelies C Wauters
- Bio-Organic Chemistry, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513 (STO 3.41), 5600 MB Eindhoven , The Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Laboratory of Immunoengineering , Eindhoven University of Technology , 5600 MB Eindhoven , The Netherlands
| | - Imke A B Pijpers
- Bio-Organic Chemistry, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513 (STO 3.41), 5600 MB Eindhoven , The Netherlands
| | - Alexander F Mason
- Bio-Organic Chemistry, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513 (STO 3.41), 5600 MB Eindhoven , The Netherlands
| | - David S Williams
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science , Swansea University , Swansea , United Kingdom
| | - Jurjen Tel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Laboratory of Immunoengineering , Eindhoven University of Technology , 5600 MB Eindhoven , The Netherlands
| | - Loai K E A Abdelmohsen
- Bio-Organic Chemistry, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513 (STO 3.41), 5600 MB Eindhoven , The Netherlands
| | - Jan C M van Hest
- Bio-Organic Chemistry, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513 (STO 3.41), 5600 MB Eindhoven , The Netherlands
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21
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Pelegrino MT, de Araújo DR, Seabra AB. S-nitrosoglutathione-containing chitosan nanoparticles dispersed in Pluronic F-127 hydrogel: Potential uses in topical applications. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2017.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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22
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Pijpers IAB, Abdelmohsen LKEA, Williams DS, van Hest JCM. Morphology Under Control: Engineering Biodegradable Stomatocytes. ACS Macro Lett 2017; 6:1217-1222. [PMID: 29214115 PMCID: PMC5708263 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.7b00723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable nanoarchitectures, with well-defined morphological features, are of great importance for nanomedical research; however, understanding (and thereby engineering) their formation is a substantial challenge. Herein, we uncover the supramolecular potential of PEG-PDLLA copolymers by exploring the physicochemical determinants that result in the transformation of spherical polymersomes into stomatocytes. To this end, we have engineered blended polymersomes (comprising copolymers with varying lengths of PEG), which undergo solvent-dependent reorganization inducing negative spontaneous membrane curvature. Under conditions of anisotropic solvent composition across the PDLLA membrane, facilitated by the dialysis methodology, we demonstrate osmotically induced stomatocyte formation as a consequence of changes in PEG solvation, inducing negative spontaneous membrane curvature. Controlled formation of unprecedented, biodegradable stomatocytes represents the unification of supramolecular engineering with the theoretical understanding of shape transformation phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imke A. B. Pijpers
- Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513
(STO 3.31), 5600MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | | | - David S. Williams
- Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513
(STO 3.31), 5600MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Department
of Chemistry, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, United Kingdom
| | - Jan C. M. van Hest
- Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513
(STO 3.31), 5600MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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