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Xie X, Li C, Ban X, Yang H, Li Z. D-allulose 3-epimerase for low-calorie D-allulose synthesis: microbial production, characterization, and applications. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2024:1-20. [PMID: 38973014 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2024.2368517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
D-allulose, an epimer of D-fructose at C-3 position, is a low-calorie rare sugar with favorable physiochemical properties and special physiological functions, which displays promising perspectives in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Currently, D-allulose is extremely sparse in nature and is predominantly biosynthesized through the isomerization of D-fructose by D-allulose 3-epimerase (DAEase). In recent years, D-allulose 3-epimerase as the key biocatalyst for D-allulose production has received increasing interest. The current review begins by providing a summary of D-allulose regarding its characteristics and applications, as well as different synthesis pathways dominated by biotransformation. Then, the research advances of D-allulose 3-epimerase are systematically reviewed, focusing on heterologous expression and biochemical characterization, crystal structure and molecular modification, and application in D-allulose production. Concerning the constraint of low yield of DAEase for industrial application, this review addresses the various attempts made to promote the production of DAEase in different expression systems. Also, various strategies have been adopted to improve its thermotolerance and catalytic activity, which is mainly based on the structure-function relationship of DAEase. The application of DAEase in D-allulose biosynthesis from D-fructose or low-cost feedstocks through single- or multi-enzymatic cascade reaction has been discussed. Finally, the prospects for related research of D-allulose 3-epimerase are also proposed, facilitating the industrialization of DAEase and more efficient and economical bioproduction of D-allulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Xie
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Caiming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Ban
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
| | - Hongshun Yang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Zhaofeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
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Xiao Z, Zhao Z, Jiang B, Chen J. Enhancing enzyme immobilization: Fabrication of biosilica-based organic-inorganic composite carriers for efficient covalent binding of D-allulose 3-epimerase. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130980. [PMID: 38508569 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
D-allulose, an ideal low-calorie sweetener, is primarily produced through the isomerization of d-fructose using D-allulose 3-epimerase (DAE; EC 5.1.3.30). Addressing the gap in available immobilized DAE enzymes for scalable commercial D-allulose production, three core-shell structured organic-inorganic composite silica-based carriers were designed for efficient covalent immobilization of DAE. Natural inorganic diatomite was used as the core, while 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), polyethyleneimine (PEI), and chitosan organic layers were coated as the shells, respectively. These tailored carriers successfully formed robust covalent bonds with DAE enzyme conjugates, cross-linked via glutaraldehyde, and demonstrated enzyme activities of 372 U/g, 1198 U/g, and 381 U/g, respectively. These immobilized enzymes exhibited an expanded pH tolerance and improved thermal stability compared to free DAE. Particularly, the modified diatomite with PEI exhibited a higher density of binding sites than the other carriers and the PEI-coated immobilized DAE enzyme retained 70.4 % of its relative enzyme activity after ten cycles of reuse. This study provides a promising method for DAE immobilization, underscoring the potential of using biosilica-based organic-inorganic composite carriers for the development of robust enzyme systems, thereby advancing the production of value-added food ingredients like D-allulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqun Xiao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Zishen Zhao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Jingjing Chen
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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Xie X, Huang D, Li Z. Bioproduction of Rare d-Allulose from d-Glucose via Borate-Assisted Isomerization. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:3036-3044. [PMID: 38299460 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
d-Allulose is a low-calorie functional rare sugar with excellent processing suitability and unique physiological efficacy. d-Allulose is primarily produced from d-fructose through enzymatic epimerization, facing the constraints of a low conversion yield and high production cost. In this study, a double-enzyme cascade system with tetraborate-assisted isomerization was constructed for the efficient production of d-allulose from inexpensive d-glucose. With the introduction of sodium tetraborate (STB), capable of forming complexes with diol-bearing sugars, the conversion yield of d-allulose from d-glucose substantially escalated from the initial 17.37% to 44.97%. Furthermore, d-allulose was found to exhibit the most pronounced binding affinity for STB with an association constant of 1980.51 M-1, notably surpassing that of d-fructose (183.31 M-1) and d-glucose (35.37 M-1). Additionally, the structural analysis of the sugar-STB complexes demonstrated that d-allulose reacted with STB via the cis 2,3-hydroxyl groups in the α-furanose form. Finally, the mechanism underlying STB-assisted isomerization was proposed, emphasizing the preferential formation of an allulose-STB complex that effectively shifts the isomerization equilibrium to the allulose side, thereby resulting in high yield of d-allulose. Such an STB-facilitated isomerization system would also provide a guidance for the cost-effective synthesis of other rare sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Xie
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, 117542, Singapore
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, 377 Lin Quan Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Dejian Huang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, 117542, Singapore
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, 377 Lin Quan Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Zhaofeng Li
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing, Jiangsu 214200, China
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Li J, Dai Q, Zhu Y, Xu W, Zhang W, Chen Y, Mu W. Low-calorie bulk sweeteners: Recent advances in physical benefits, applications, and bioproduction. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 64:6581-6595. [PMID: 36705477 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2171362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
At present, with the continuous improvement of living standards, people are paying increasing attention to dietary nutrition and health. Low sugar and low energy consumption have become important dietary trends. In terms of sugar control, more and more countries have implemented sugar taxes in recent years. Hence, as the substitute for sugar, low-calorie sweeteners have been widely used in beverage, bakery, and confectionary industries. In general, low-calorie sweeteners consist of high-intensity and low-calorie bulk sweeteners (some rare sugars and sugar alcohols). In this review, recent advances and challenges in low-calorie bulk sweeteners are explored. Bioproduction of low-calorie bulk sweeteners has become the focus of many researches, because it has the potential to replace the current industrial scale production through chemical synthesis. A comprehensive summary of the physicochemical properties, physiological functions, applications, bioproduction, and regulation of typical low-calorie bulk sweeteners, such as D-allulose, D-tagatose, D-mannitol, sorbitol, and erythritol, is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Quanyu Dai
- China Rural Technology Development Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yeming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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Immobilization of D-allulose 3-epimerase into magnetic metal-organic framework nanoparticles for efficient biocatalysis. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:144. [PMID: 35748959 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03330-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
D-allulose is a rare low-calorie sugar that has many fundamental biological functions. D-allulose 3-epimerase from Agrobacterium tumefaciens (AT-DAEase) catalyzes the conversion of D-fructose to D-allulose. The enzyme has attracted considerable attention because of its mild catalytic properties. However, the bioconversion efficiency and reusability of AT-DAEase limit its industrial application. Magnetic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have uniform pore sizes and large surface areas and can facilitate mass transport and enhance the capacity for enzyme immobilization. Here, we successfully encapsulated cobalt-type AT-DAEase into the cobalt-based magnetic MOF ZIF-67@Fe3O4 using a self-assembly strategy. We confirmed the immobilization of enzyme AT-DAEase and characterized the enzymatic properties of the MOF-immobilized AT-DAEase@ZIF-67@Fe3O4. The AT-DAEase@ZIF-67@Fe3O4 nanoparticles had higher catalytic activity (65.1 U mg-1) and bioconversion ratio (38.1%) than the free AT-DAEase. The optimal conditions for maximum enzyme activity of the AT-DAEase@ZIF-67@Fe3O4 nanoparticles were 55 °C and pH 8.0, which were significantly higher than those of the free AT-DAEase (50 °C and pH 7.5). The AT-DAEase@ZIF-67@Fe3O4 nanoparticles displayed significantly improved thermal stability and excellent recycling performance, with 80% retention of enzyme activity at a temperature range of 45-70 °C and > 45% of its initial activity after eight cycles of enzyme use. The AT-DAEase@ZIF-67@Fe3O4 nanoparticles have great potential for large-scale industrial preparation of D-allulose by immobilizing cobalt-type AT-DAEase into magnetic MOF ZIF-67@Fe3O4.
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Chen Z, Gao XD, Li Z. Recent Advances Regarding the Physiological Functions and Biosynthesis of D-Allulose. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:881037. [PMID: 35495640 PMCID: PMC9048046 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.881037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
D-Allulose, a generally regarded as safe (GRAS) sugar, is rare in nature. It is among the most promising sweeteners for future use due to its low caloric content, sucrose-like taste, and unique functions. D-Allulose has many physiological effects, such as antiobesity, antihyperglycemia, antidiabetes, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects. Therefore, D-allulose has important application value in the food, pharmaceutical, and healthcare industries. However, the high cost of D-allulose production limits its large-scale application. Currently, biotransformation is very attractive for D-allulose synthesis, with the two main methods of biosynthesis being the Izumoring strategy and the DHAP-dependent aldolase strategy. This article reviews recent advances regarding the physiological functions and biosynthesis of D-allulose. In addition, future perspectives on the production of D-allulose are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zijie Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Jeong SH, Kwon M, Kim SW. Advanced Whole-cell Conversion for D-allulose Production Using an Engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-022-0057-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Chen X, Wang F, Yu Q, Liu S, Wang W, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Yuan Z. One pot cascade biosynthesis of d-allulose from d-glucose and its kinetic modelling. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2021.117167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zhang W, Chen D, Chen J, Xu W, Chen Q, Wu H, Guang C, Mu W. D-allulose, a versatile rare sugar: recent biotechnological advances and challenges. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:5661-5679. [PMID: 34965808 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2023091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
D-Allulose is the C-3 epimer of D-fructose, and widely regarded as a promising substitute for sucrose. It's an excellent low-calorie sweetener, with 70% sweetness of sucrose, 0.4 kcal/g dietary energy, and special physiological functions. It has been approved as GRAS by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, and is allowed to be excluded from total and added sugar counts on the food labels. Therefore, D-allulose gradually attracts more public attention. Owing to scarcity in nature, the bioproduction of D-allulose by using ketose 3-epimerase (KEase) has become the research hotspot. Herein, we give a summary of the physicochemical properties, physiological function, applications, and the chemical and biochemical synthesis methods of D-allulose. In addition, the recent progress in the D-allulose bioproduction using KEases, and the possible solutions for existing challenges in the D-allulose industrial production are comprehensively discussed, focusing on the molecular modification, immobilization, food-grade expression, utilizing low-cost biomass as feedstock, overcoming thermodynamic limitation, as well as the downstream separation and purification. Finally, Prospects for further development are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ding Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiajun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiuming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cuie Guang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Hu M, Li M, Jiang B, Zhang T. Bioproduction of D-allulose: Properties, applications, purification, and future perspectives. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:6012-6026. [PMID: 34668314 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
D-allulose is the C-3 epimer of D-fructose, which rarely exists in nature, and can be biosynthesized from D-fructose by the catalysis of D-psicose 3-epimerase. D-allulose is safe for human consumption and was recently approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for food applications. It is not only able be used in food and dietary supplements as a low-calorie sweetener, but also modulates a variety of physiological functions. D-allulose has gained increasing attention owing to its excellent properties. This article presents a review of recent progress on the properties, applications, and bioproduction progress of D-allulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Mengli Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
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A Possible Mechanism of Graphene Oxide to Enhance Thermostability of D-Psicose 3-Epimerase Revealed by Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910813. [PMID: 34639151 PMCID: PMC8509277 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermal stability is a limiting factor for effective application of D-psicose 3-epimerase (DPEase) enzyme. Recently, it was reported that the thermal stability of DPEase was improved by immobilizing enzymes on graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles. However, the detailed mechanism is not known. In this study, we investigated interaction details between GO and DPEase by performing molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The results indicated that the domain (K248 to D268) of DPEase was an important anchor for immobilizing DPEase on GO surface. Moreover, the strong interactions between DPEase and GO can prevent loop α1′-α1 and β4-α4 of DPEase from the drastic fluctuation. Since these two loops contained active site residues, the geometry of the active pocket of the enzyme remained stable at high temperature after the DPEase was immobilized by GO, which facilitated efficient catalytic activity of the enzyme. Our research provided a detailed mechanism for the interaction between GO and DPEase at the nano–biology interface.
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Jia DX, Sun CY, Jin YT, Liu ZQ, Zheng YG, Li M, Wang HY, Chen DS. Properties of d-allulose 3-epimerase mined from Novibacillus thermophilus and its application to synthesis of d-allulose. Enzyme Microb Technol 2021; 148:109816. [PMID: 34116747 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2021.109816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Xu Jia
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China; Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China
| | - Chen-Yi Sun
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China; Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China
| | - Yi-Ting Jin
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China; Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Liu
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China; Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China.
| | - Yu-Guo Zheng
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China; Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China
| | - Mian Li
- Zhejiang Huakang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kaihua, 324032, PR China
| | - Hong-Yan Wang
- Zhejiang Huakang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kaihua, 324032, PR China
| | - De-Shui Chen
- Zhejiang Huakang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kaihua, 324032, PR China
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Bu Y, Zhang T, Jiang B, Chen J. Improved Performance of D-Psicose 3-Epimerase by Immobilisation on Amino-Epoxide Support with Intense Multipoint Attachment. Foods 2021; 10:foods10040831. [PMID: 33920442 PMCID: PMC8069956 DOI: 10.3390/foods10040831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
D-allulose is an epimer of D-fructose at the C-3 position. With similar sweetness to sucrose and a low-calorie profile, D-allulose has been considered a promising functional sweetener. D-psicose 3-epimerase (DPEase; EC 5.1.3.30) catalyses the synthesis of D-allulose from D-fructose. Immobilised enzymes are becoming increasingly popular because of their better stability and reusability. However, immobilised DPEase generally exhibits less activity or poses difficulty in separation. This study aimed to obtain immobilised DPEase with high catalytic activity, stability, and ease of separation from the reaction solution. In this study, DPEase was immobilised on an amino-epoxide support, ReliZyme HFA403/M (HFA), in four steps (ion exchange, covalent binding, glutaraldehyde crosslinking, and blocking). Glycine-blocked (four-step immobilisation) and unblocked (three-step immobilisation) immobilised DPEase exhibited activities of 103.5 and 138.8 U/g support, respectively, but contained equal amounts of protein. After incubation at 60 °C for 2 h, the residual activity of free enzyme decreased to 12.5%, but the activities of unblocked and blocked DPEase remained at 40.9% and 52.3%, respectively. Immobilisation also altered the substrate specificity of the enzyme, catalysing L-sorbose to L-tagatose and D-tagatose to D-sorbose. Overall, the immobilised DPEase with intense multipoint attachment, especially glycine-blocked DPEase, showed better properties than the free form, providing a superior potential for D-allulose biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.B.); (T.Z.); (J.C.)
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.B.); (T.Z.); (J.C.)
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.B.); (T.Z.); (J.C.)
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Jingjing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.B.); (T.Z.); (J.C.)
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Wang J, Sun J, Qi H, Wang L, Wang J, Li C. High production of d-psicose from d-fructose by immobilized whole recombinant Bacillus subtilis cells expressing d-psicose 3-epimerase from Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2021; 69:364-375. [PMID: 33533517 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
d-Psicose 3-epimerase (DPEase) can catalyze the isomerization of d-fructose to be rare sugar d-psicose, which has wide application prospects in the food and medical fields. In this study, the DPEase gene from Agrobacterium tumefaciens was constructed into plasmid pMA5, and was successfully expressed in the host Bacillus subtilis WB600 (B. subtilis). After optimization of the fermentation conditions, whole recombinant B. subtilis WB600/pMA5-At-DEPase(O) cells produced d-psicose from d-fructose with a conversion rate of 29.01 ± 0.19%, which could be used for the efficient synthesis of d-psicose. To further improve the whole recombinant B. subtilis application, B. subtilis cells were immobilized onto a gel bead biocatalyst by Ca-alginate. After optimization of the biotransformation conditions, the conversion rate of the immobilized biocatalyst reached 20.74 ± 0.39%, which was lower than the free cells. However, the results showed that the immobilized biocatalyst had higher thermal/pH stability and storability, and the gel beads could be recycled for at least six batches. The results showed that the amount of d-psicose generated reached 32.83 ± 2.56 g/L with the immobilized biocatalyst after six times biotransformation, whereas the free cells produced only approximately 10.44 ± 0.07 g/L. The results showed that immobilized recombinant B. subtilis cells are promising to use for the efficient synthesis of d-psicose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiandong Sun
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongqing Qi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jihui Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
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Dedania SR, Patel VK, Soni SS, Patel DH. Immobilization of Agrobacterium tumefaciens d-psicose 3-epimerase onto titanium dioxide for bioconversion of rare sugar. Enzyme Microb Technol 2020; 140:109605. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2020.109605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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EdyLiani D, Yurnaliza Y, Saksono B. Purification and Characterization of D-psicose 3 Epimerase (DPEase) From <i>Escherichia coli</i> BL21 (DE3) pET21b <i>dpe</i>. Pak J Biol Sci 2020; 23:561-566. [PMID: 32363842 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2020.561.566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The DPEase enzyme from Agrobacterium tumefaciens is more efficient and has a high activity in D-fructose. The dpe gene has been successfully cloned to Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) pET-21b dpe but the enzyme has not been purified and its character is unknown. The intent of this study was to purify and assign of DPEase enzyme by recombinant E. coli. MATERIALS AND METHODS The enzyme was clarified by affinity chromatography and then characterized by following pH, temperature, co-factor parameters. Analysis of molecular weight proteins was done by SDS-PAGE. RESULTS Through purification, the purified DPEase activity was increased 1,01 times than crude and with 84.2% of yield. The DPEase had an the maximum temperature is 40°C and pH was 8.5. The presence of Mg2+, Mo2+, Cu2+, Ca2+ and Zn2+ inhibited the activity of the enzyme while of Co2+, Mn2+, Fe2+, Ni2+ enhanced the activity. Estimation of molecular weight through SDS-PAGE revealed that weight of DPEase was 32 kDa. CONCLUSION Purified DPease enzymes shows clear bands that demonstrate successful purification using affinity chromatography. It is expected that after pure enzymes are obtained the character of the enzymes working will be maximized.
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Ng HS, Kee PE, Yim HS, Chen PT, Wei YH, Chi-Wei Lan J. Recent advances on the sustainable approaches for conversion and reutilization of food wastes to valuable bioproducts. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 302:122889. [PMID: 32033841 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The increasing amounts of food wastage and accumulation generated per annum due to the growing human population worldwide often associated with environmental pollution issues and scarcity of natural resources. In view of this, science community has worked towards in finding sustainable approaches to replace the common practices for food waste management. The agricultural and food processing wastes rich in nutrients are often the attractive substrates for the bioconversion for valuable bioproducts such as industrial enzymes, biofuel and bioactive compounds. The sustainable approaches on the re-utilization of food wastes as the industrial substrates for production of valuable bioproducts has meet the goals of circular bioeconomy, results in the diversify applications and increasing market demands for the bioproducts. This review discusses the current practice and recent advances on reutilization of food waste for bioconversion of valuable bioproducts from agricultural and food processing wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Suan Ng
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, UCSI Heights, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Phei Er Kee
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, UCSI Heights, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hip Seng Yim
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, UCSI Heights, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Po-Ting Chen
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan 710, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hong Wei
- Biorefinery and Bioprocess Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chungli, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
| | - John Chi-Wei Lan
- Biorefinery and Bioprocess Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chungli, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan.
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Jiang S, Xiao W, Zhu X, Yang P, Zheng Z, Lu S, Jiang S, Zhang G, Liu J. Review on D-Allulose: In vivo Metabolism, Catalytic Mechanism, Engineering Strain Construction, Bio-Production Technology. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:26. [PMID: 32117915 PMCID: PMC7008614 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Rare sugar D-allulose as a substitute sweetener is produced through the isomerization of D-fructose by D-tagatose 3-epimerases (DTEases) or D-allulose 3-epimerases (DAEases). D-Allulose is a kind of low energy monosaccharide sugar naturally existing in some fruits in very small quantities. D-Allulose not only possesses high value as a food ingredient and dietary supplement, but also exhibits a variety of physiological functions serving as improving insulin resistance, antioxidant enhancement, and hypoglycemic controls, and so forth. Thus, D-allulose has an important development value as an alternative to high-energy sugars. This review provided a systematic analysis of D-allulose characters, application, enzymatic characteristics and molecular modification, engineered strain construction, and processing technologies. The existing problems and its proposed solutions for D-allulose production are also discussed. More importantly, a green and recycling process technology for D-allulose production is proposed for low waste formation, low energy consumption, and high sugar yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suwei Jiang
- Department of Biological, Food and Environment Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Intensive Processing of Agricultural Products, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Intensive Processing of Agricultural Products, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Xingxing Zhu
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Intensive Processing of Agricultural Products, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Peizhou Yang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Intensive Processing of Agricultural Products, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Zhi Zheng
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Intensive Processing of Agricultural Products, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Shuhua Lu
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Intensive Processing of Agricultural Products, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Shaotong Jiang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Intensive Processing of Agricultural Products, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Guochang Zhang
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
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Ran G, Tan D, Zhao J, Fan F, Zhang Q, Wu X, Fan P, Fang X, Lu X. Functionalized polyhydroxyalkanoate nano-beads as a stable biocatalyst for cost-effective production of the rare sugar d-allulose. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 289:121673. [PMID: 31260936 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
d-Allulose is a promising low-calorie sweetener especially for diabetes and obesity patients. The functionalized polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) nano-beads decorated with d-tagatose 3-epimerase (DTE) was produced in recombinant endotoxin-free ClearColi, whereby the expression, purification, and immobilization of the active DTE were efficiently combined into one step. The immobilized DTE exhibited remarkable enzyme activity of 649.3 U/g beads and extremely high stability at a harsh working condition (pH 7.0-8.0, 65 °C). When DTE-PHA beads were subjected to enzymatic synthesis of d-allulose, a maximum conversion rate of 33% can be achieved at pH 7.0 and 65 °C for 3 h, and DTE-PHA beads retained about 80% of its initial activity after 8 continuous cycles. Moreover, the d-allulose/d-fructose binary mixture can be simply separated by a single cation exchange resin-equipped chromatography. Taken together, DTE-PHA beads are promising and robust nano-biocatalysts that will remarkably simplify the production procedures of d-allulose, contributing to its cost-effective production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganqiao Ran
- Institute of Bio-Agriculture of Shannxi Province, Xi'an 710043, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China; Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Tan
- Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiping Zhao
- Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Fan
- Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Institute of Bio-Agriculture of Shannxi Province, Xi'an 710043, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingjuan Wu
- Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiyao Fan
- Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinlei Fang
- Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyun Lu
- Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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Bilal M, Iqbal HMN. Sustainable bioconversion of food waste into high-value products by immobilized enzymes to meet bio-economy challenges and opportunities - A review. Food Res Int 2019; 123:226-240. [PMID: 31284972 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.04.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few years, food waste has intensified much attention from the local public, national and international organizations as well as a wider household territory due to increasing environmental, social and economic concerns, climate change and scarcity of fossil fuel resources. On one aspect, food-processing waste represents a substantial ecological burden. On the other hand, these waste streams are rich in carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids, thus hold significant potential for biotransformation into an array of high-value compounds. Indeed, the high sugar, protein, and fat content render food waste streams as attractive feedstocks for enzymatic valorization given the plentiful volumes generated annually. Enzymes as industrial biocatalysts offer unique advantages over traditional chemical processes with regard to eco-sustainability, and process efficiency. Herein, an effort has been made to delineate immobilized enzyme-driven valorization of food waste streams into marketable products such as biofuels, bioactive compounds, biodegradable plastics, prebiotics, sweeteners, rare sugars, surfactants, etc. Current challenges and prospects are also highlighted with respect to the development of industrially adaptable biocatalytic systems to achieve the ultimate objectives of sustainable manufacturing combined with minimum waste generation. Applications-based strategies to enzyme immobilization are imperative to design cost-efficient and sustainable industrially applicable biocatalysts. With a deeper apprehension of support material influences, and analyzing the extreme environment, enzymes might have significant potential in improving the overall sustainability of food processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China.
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L. CP 64849, Mexico.
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Juneja A, Zhang G, Jin YS, Singh V. Bioprocessing and technoeconomic feasibility analysis of simultaneous production of d-psicose and ethanol using engineered yeast strain KAM-2GD. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 275:27-34. [PMID: 30576911 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyze the processing and technoeconomic feasibility of coproduction of d-psicose and ethanol in a modified dry grind ethanol process. The yeast strain was constructed by expressing d-psicose 3-epimerases (DPE) in Sachharomyces cerevisiae. The strain was capable of converting d-fructose to d-psicose at 55 °C with a conversion efficiency of 26.6%. A comprehensive process model for modified dry grind ethanol plant with 396,000 MT/yr corn processing capacity was developed using SuperPro Designer. Predicted ethanol and d-psicose yields were 390.4 L and 75.3 kg per MT of corn, with total annual production of 154.6 million L and 29,835 MT respectively. The capital investment for the plant was estimated as 150.3 million USD with total operating cost of 85.2 million USD/yr. The unit production cost and minimum selling price of d-psicose with an internal rate of return of 15% were calculated as $0.43/kg and $1.29/kg respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Juneja
- Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Guochang Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Yong-Su Jin
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Vijay Singh
- Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States.
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Yang J, Tian C, Zhang T, Ren C, Zhu Y, Zeng Y, Men Y, Sun Y, Ma Y. Development of food-grade expression system for d-allulose 3-epimerase preparation with tandem isoenzyme genes in Corynebacterium glutamicum and its application in conversion of cane molasses to D-allulose. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 116:745-756. [PMID: 30597517 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
D-Allulose 3-epimerase (DAE) has been applied to produce D-allulose, a low-calorie and functional sweetener. In this study, a new DAE from Paenibacillus senegalensis was characterized in Escherichia coli. Furthermore, we presented a tandem isoenzyme gene expression strategy to express multiple DAEs in one cell and construct food-grade expression systems based on Corynebacterium glutamicum. Seventeen expression cassettes based on three DAE genes from different organisms were constructed. Among all recombinant strains, DAE16 harboring three DAE genes in an expression vector exhibited the highest enzyme activity with 22.7 U/mg. Whole-cell transformation of DAE16 produced 225 g/L D-allulose with a volumetric productivity of 353 g·g -1 ·hr -1 . The catalytic efficiency of strain C-DAE9 integrating total 11 DAE genes in chromosome was 16.4-fold higher than strains carrying one DAE. Fed-batch culture of C-DAE9 gave enzyme activity of 44,700 U/L. We also expressed a thermostable invertase in C. glutamicum and obtained enzyme activity of 29 U/mg. Immobilized cells expressing DAE or invertase exhibited 80% of retained activity after 30 cycles of catalytic reactions. Those immobilized cells were coupled to produce 61.2 g/L D-allulose from cane molasses in a two-step reaction process. This study provided an efficient approach for enzyme preparation and allowed access to produce D-allulose from other abundant and low-cost feedstock enriched with sucrose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangang Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Chaoyu Tian
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenxi Ren
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Yueming Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Men
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanxia Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanhe Ma
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
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Preparation of a Flower-Like Immobilized D-Psicose 3-Epimerase with Enhanced Catalytic Performance. Catalysts 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/catal8100468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this present study, we proposed a smart biomineralization method for creating hybrid organic–inorganic nanoflowers using a Co2+-dependent enzyme (D-psicose 3-epimerase; DPEase) as the organic component and cobalt phosphate as the inorganic component. The prepared nanoflowers have many separated petals that have a nanometer size. Under optimum conditions (60 °C and pH of 8.5), the nanoflower can display its maximum activity (36.2 U/mg), which is about 7.2-fold higher than free DPEase. Furthermore, the immobilized DPEase presents enhanced pH and thermal stabilities. The DPEase-nanoflower maintained about 90% of its activity after six reaction cycles, highlighting its excellent reusability.
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24
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Narayan Patel S, Singh V, Sharma M, Sangwan RS, Singhal NK, Singh SP. Development of a thermo-stable and recyclable magnetic nanobiocatalyst for bioprocessing of fruit processing residues and D-allulose synthesis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 247:633-639. [PMID: 28988049 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to covalently immobilize Smt3-D-psicose 3-epimerase onto functionalized iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles. After immobilization, Km of the immobilized enzyme increased, however, Vmax was nearly the same as that of its free form, indicating that immobilization has no detrimental effects on its catalytic output. The covalent immobilization caused a reduction in the deactivation rate constant (kd) values leading to 4-5 fold enhancement in its half-life at 50-65°C, indicating significant thermal stability of the iron-enzyme nanobioconjugate. The immobilized enzyme showed excellent storage stability by losing only 20% activity even after 60days of storage at 4°C. The immobilized enzyme retained up to 90% of its initial activity even after 10 consecutive cycles of catalyzing D-fructose epimerization reactions. Thus, after immobilization the enzyme exhibited remarkable improvements in thermal tolerance, storage stability and recycling efficiency, useful for development of industrially exploitable process for D-allulose production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satya Narayan Patel
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing, Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Sector-81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140 306, India
| | - Vishal Singh
- National Agri-food Biotechnology Institute, Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Sector-81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140 306, India
| | - Manisha Sharma
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing, Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Sector-81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140 306, India
| | - Rajender S Sangwan
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing, Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Sector-81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140 306, India
| | - Nitin K Singhal
- National Agri-food Biotechnology Institute, Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Sector-81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140 306, India
| | - Sudhir P Singh
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing, Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Sector-81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140 306, India.
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Immobilization on graphene oxide improves the thermal stability and bioconversion efficiency of D-psicose 3-epimerase for rare sugar production. Enzyme Microb Technol 2017; 107:49-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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26
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Song Y, Oh C, Bae HJ. Simultaneous production of bioethanol and value-added d-psicose from Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) tubers. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 244:1068-1072. [PMID: 28851162 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the production of bioethanol and value added d-psicose from Jerusalem artichoke (JA) was attempted by an enzymatic method. An enzyme mixture used for hydrolysis of 100mgmL-1 JA. The resulting concentrations of released d-fructose and d-glucose were measured at approximately 56mgmL-1 and 15mgmL-1, respectively. The d-psicose was epimerized from the JA hydrolyzate, and the conversion rate was calculated to be 32.1%. The residual fructose was further converted into ethanol at 18.0gL-1 and the yield was approximately 72%. Bioethanol and d-psicose were separated by pervaporation. This is the first study to report simultaneous d-psicose production and bioethanol fermentation from JA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younho Song
- Bio-energy Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Chihoon Oh
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeun-Jong Bae
- Bio-energy Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea; Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang W, Li H, Jiang B, Zhang T, Mu W. Production of d-allulose from d-glucose by Escherichia coli transformant cells co-expressing d-glucose isomerase and d-psicose 3-epimerase genes. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:3420-3426. [PMID: 28009059 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND d-Allulose is a novel and low-calorie rare monosaccharide that is a C-3 epimer of d-fructose. Because of its excellent physiological properties and commercial potential, d-allulose has attracted researchers' interests. Based on the Izumoring strategy, d-allulose is converted from d-fructose by d-psicose 3-epimerase (DPEase), while d-fructose is converted from d-glucose by d-glucose isomerase (GIase). In this study, we created a cellular system capable of converting d-glucose to d-allulose in a one-step process that co-expressed the GIase from Acidothermus cellulolyticus and the DPEase from Dorea sp. CAG. RESULTS The co-expression plasmid pETDuet-Dosp-DPE/Acce-GI was generated and transformed into Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) cells. The recombinant co-expression cells exhibited maximum catalytic activity at pH 6.5 and 75 °C. These cells were thermostable at less than 60 °C. The addition of Co2+ significantly increased the catalytic activity by 10.8-fold. When the reaction equilibrium was reached, the ratio of d-glucose, d-fructose and d-allulose was approximately 6.5:7:3, respectively. CONCLUSION A recombinant co-expression strain that catalysed the bioconversion of d-allulose from d-glucose in a one-step process was created and characterised. When adding 500 g L-1 d-glucose as a substrate, 204.3 g L-1 d-fructose and 89.1 g L-1 d-allulose were produced. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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Song Y, Nguyen QA, Wi SG, Yang J, Bae HJ. Strategy for dual production of bioethanol and d-psicose as value-added products from cruciferous vegetable residue. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 223:34-39. [PMID: 27771528 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, fermentable sugars and d-fructose were produced from cruciferous vegetable residue by enzymatic method without the use of either chemical or mechanical mechanisms. Production of d-psicose was effectively converted from hydrolyzed d-fructose in cabbage residue by d-psicose-3 epimerase; the presence of the borate increased the conversion rate by about two fold, and ethanol production yield was 85.7% of the theoretical yield. Both products, bioethanol and d-psicose, were successfully separated and purified by pervaporation and cation exchange chromatography, and their recovery yields were approximately 87% and 86.2%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younho Song
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Quynh Anh Nguyen
- Bio-energy Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Gon Wi
- Bio-energy Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Jianming Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Hyeun-Jong Bae
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea; Bio-energy Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea.
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29
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Zhang W, Yu S, Zhang T, Jiang B, Mu W. Recent advances in d -allulose: Physiological functionalities, applications, and biological production. Trends Food Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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30
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Model-based cost optimization of a reaction–separation integrated process for the enzymatic production of the rare sugar d-psicose at elevated temperatures. Chem Eng Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2015.05.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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31
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Zhang W, Li H, Zhang T, Jiang B, Zhou L, Mu W. Characterization of a d-psicose 3-epimerase from Dorea sp. CAG317 with an acidic pH optimum and a high specific activity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2015.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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32
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Wagner N, Håkansson E, Wahler S, Panke S, Bechtold M. Multi-objective optimization for the economic production of d-psicose using simulated moving bed chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1398:47-56. [PMID: 25943832 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The biocatalytic production of rare carbohydrates from available sugar sources rapidly gains interest as a route to acquire industrial amounts of rare sugars for food and fine chemical applications. Here we present a multi-objective optimization procedure for a simulated moving bed (SMB) process for the production of the rare sugar d-psicose from enzymatically produced mixtures with its epimer d-fructose. First, model parameters were determined using the inverse method and experimentally validated on a 2-2-2-2 lab-scale SMB plant. The obtained experimental purities (PUs) were in excellent agreement with the simulated data derived from a transport-dispersive true-moving bed model demonstrating the feasibility of the proposed design. In the second part the performance of the separation was investigated in a multi-objective optimization study addressing the cost-contributing performance parameters productivity (PR) and desorbent requirement (DR) as a function of temperature. While rare sugar SMB operation under conditions of low desorbent consumption was found to be widely unaffected by temperature, SMB operation focusing on increased PR significantly benefited from high temperatures, with possible productivities increasing from 3.4kg(Lday)(-1) at 20°C to 5kg(Lday)(-1) at 70°C, indicating that decreased selectivity at higher temperatures could be fully compensated for by the higher mass transfer rates, as they translate into reduced switch times and hence higher PR. A DR/PR Pareto optimization suggested a similar but even more pronounced trend also under relaxed PU requirements, with the PR increasing from 4.3kg(Lday)(-1) to a maximum of 7.8kg(Lday)(-1) for SMB operation at 50°C when the PU of the non-product stream was reduced from 99.5% to 90%. Based on the in silico optimization results experimental SMB runs were performed yielding considerable PRs of 1.9 (30°C), 2.4 (50°C) and 2.6kg(Lday)(-1) (70°C) with rather low DR (27L per kg of rare sugar produced) on a lab-scale SMB installation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Wagner
- Bioprocess Laboratory, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - E Håkansson
- Bioprocess Laboratory, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - S Wahler
- Bioprocess Laboratory, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - S Panke
- Bioprocess Laboratory, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - M Bechtold
- Bioprocess Laboratory, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.
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33
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Li Z, Gao Y, Nakanishi H, Gao X, Cai L. Biosynthesis of rare hexoses using microorganisms and related enzymes. Beilstein J Org Chem 2013; 9:2434-45. [PMID: 24367410 PMCID: PMC3869271 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.9.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rare sugars, referred to as monosaccharides and their derivatives that rarely exist in nature, can be applied in many areas ranging from foodstuffs to pharmaceutical and nutrition industry, or as starting materials for various natural products and drug candidates. Unfortunately, an important factor restricting the utilization of rare sugars is their limited availability, resulting from limited synthetic methods. Nowadays, microbial and enzymatic transformations have become a very powerful tool in this field. This article reviews the biosynthesis and enzymatic production of rare ketohexoses, aldohexoses and sugar alcohols (hexitols), including D-tagatose, D-psicose, D-sorbose, L-tagatose, L-fructose, 1-deoxy-L-fructose, D-allose, L-glucose, L-talose, D-gulose, L-galactose, L-fucose, allitol, D-talitol, and L-sorbitol. New systems and robust catalysts resulting from advancements in genomics and bioengineering are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yahui Gao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Hideki Nakanishi
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xiaodong Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Li Cai
- Division of Mathematics and Science, University of South Carolina Salkehatchie, Walterboro, South Carolina, 29488, USA
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34
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Franssen MCR, Steunenberg P, Scott EL, Zuilhof H, Sanders JPM. Immobilised enzymes in biorenewables production. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:6491-533. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs00004d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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35
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Immobilization of a thermostable cellobiose 2-epimerase from Rhodothermus marinus JCM9785 and continuous production of epilactose. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2012; 76:1584-7. [PMID: 22878201 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.120284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Cellobiose 2-epimerase (CE) efficiently forms epilactose which has several beneficial biological functions. A thermostable CE from Rhodothermus marinus was immobilized on Duolite A568 and packed into a column. Lactose (100 g/L) was supplied to the reactor, kept at 50 °C at a space velocity of 8 h(-1). The epilactose concentration of the resulting eluate was 30 g/L, and this was maintained for 13 d.
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36
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Mu W, Zhang W, Feng Y, Jiang B, Zhou L. Recent advances on applications and biotechnological production of D-psicose. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 94:1461-7. [PMID: 22569636 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4093-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2011] [Revised: 01/13/2012] [Accepted: 01/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
D-Psicose is a hexoketose monosaccharide sweetener, which is a C-3 epimer of D-fructose and is rarely found in nature. It has 70 % relative sweetness but 0.3 % energy of sucrose, and is suggested as an ideal sucrose substitute for food products. It shows important physiological functions, such as blood glucose suppressive effect, reactive oxygen species scavenging activity, and neuroprotective effect. It also improves the gelling behavior and produces good flavor during food process. This article presents a review of recent studies on the properties, physiological functions, and food application of D-psicose. In addition, the biochemical properties of D-tagatose 3-epimerase family enzymes and the D-psicose-producing enzyme are compared, and the biotechnological production of D-psicose from D-fructose is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
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37
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Kim YS, Lim YR, Oh DK. l-Arabinose production from sugar beet arabinan by immobilized endo- and exo-arabinanases from Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus in a packed-bed reactor. J Biosci Bioeng 2012; 113:239-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2011.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2011] [Revised: 10/11/2011] [Accepted: 10/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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38
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Chung MY, Oh DK, Lee KW. Hypoglycemic health benefits of D-psicose. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:863-9. [PMID: 22224918 DOI: 10.1021/jf204050w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is an emerging health problem worldwide. The incidence of type 2 diabetes has dramatically increased and is expected to increase more rapidly in the future. Most patients with type 2 diabetes suffer from obesity and diabetes-related complications, including cardiovascular disease and hepatic steatosis. It has been proposed that simple sugar consumption is one of the major risk factors in the development of diabetes. Hence, the replacement of sugars with a low glycemic response would be an effective strategy to prevent type 2 diabetes. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that D-psicose, which has 70% the sweetness of sucrose and no calories, is a functional sugar exerting several health benefits preventing the development of diabetes. Although D-psicose presents in small amounts in natural products, a recent new technique using biocatalyst sources enables large-scale D-psicose production. More importantly, several clinical and animal studies demonstrated that D-psicose has hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and antioxidant activities, which make it an ideal candidate for preventing diabetes and related health concerns. This review will summarize the protective effects of D-psicose against type 2 diabetes and its complications, suggesting its potential benefits as a sucrose substitute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Yu Chung
- Center for Agricultural Biomaterials, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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39
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Improvement in the thermostability of D-psicose 3-epimerase from Agrobacterium tumefaciens by random and site-directed mutagenesis. Appl Environ Microbiol 2011; 77:7316-20. [PMID: 21873475 DOI: 10.1128/aem.05566-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The S213C, I33L, and I33L S213C variants of D-psicose 3-epimerase from Agrobacterium tumefaciens, which were obtained by random and site-directed mutagenesis, displayed increases of 2.5, 5, and 7.5°C in the temperature for maximal enzyme activity, increases of 3.3-, 7.2-, and 29.9-fold in the half-life at 50°C, and increases of 3.1, 4.3, and 7.6°C in apparent melting temperature, respectively, compared with the wild-type enzyme. Molecular modeling suggests that the improvement in thermostability in these variants may have resulted from increased putative hydrogen bonds and formation of new aromatic stacking interactions. The immobilized wild-type enzyme with and without borate maintained activity for 8 days at a conversion yield of 70% (350 g/liter psicose) and for 16 days at a conversion yield of 30% (150 g/liter psicose), respectively. After 8 or 16 days, the enzyme activity gradually decreased, and the conversion yields with and without borate were reduced to 22 and 9.6%, respectively, at 30 days. In contrast, the activities of the immobilized I33L S213C variant with and without borate did not decrease during the operation time of 30 days. These results suggest that the I33L S213C variant may be useful as an industrial producer of D-psicose.
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40
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Mu W, Chu F, Xing Q, Yu S, Zhou L, Jiang B. Cloning, expression, and characterization of a D-psicose 3-epimerase from Clostridium cellulolyticum H10. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:7785-7792. [PMID: 21663329 DOI: 10.1021/jf201356q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The noncharacterized protein ACL75304 encoded by the gene Ccel_0941 from Clostridium cellulolyticum H10 (ATCC 35319), previously proposed as the xylose isomerase domain protein TIM barrel, was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli . The expressed enzyme was purified by nickel-affinity chromatography with electrophoretic homogeneity and then characterized as d-psicose 3-epimerase. The enzyme was strictly metal-dependent and showed a maximal activity in the presence of Co(2+). The optimum pH and temperature for enzyme activity were 55 °C and pH 8.0. The half-lives for the enzyme at 60 °C were 6.8 h and 10 min when incubated with and without Co(2+), respectively, suggesting that this enzyme was extremely thermostable in the presence of Co(2+) but readily inactivated without metal ion. The Michaelis-Menten constant (K(m)), turnover number (k(cat)), and catalytic efficiency (k(cat)/K(m)) values of the enzyme for substrate d-psicose were estimated to be 17.4 mM, 3243.4 min(-1), and 186.4 mM min(-1), respectively. The enzyme carried out the epimerization of d-fructose to d-psicose with a conversion yield of 32% under optimal conditions, suggesting that the enzyme is a potential d-psicose producer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanmeng Mu
- Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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41
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Characterization of a recombinant cellobiose 2-epimerase from Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus and its application in the production of mannose from glucose. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 92:1187-96. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-011-3403-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Revised: 05/03/2011] [Accepted: 05/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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42
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Microbial metabolism and biotechnological production of d-allose. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 91:229-35. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-011-3370-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2011] [Revised: 05/04/2011] [Accepted: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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43
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Bechtold M, Füreder M, Wagner N, Panke S. Potenzial von Prozessintegration mit Adsorbern zur Herstellung seltener Monosaccharide - eine modellbasierte Untersuchung. CHEM-ING-TECH 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.200900149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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44
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Kim HJ, Yeom SJ, Kim K, Rhee S, Kim D, Oh DK. Mutational analysis of the active site residues of a D: -psicose 3-epimerase from Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Biotechnol Lett 2009; 32:261-8. [PMID: 19859667 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-009-0148-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2009] [Accepted: 09/16/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
D-Psicose 3-epimerase from Agrobacterium tumefacience catalyzes the conversion of D: -fructose to D-psicose. According to mutational analysis, the ring at position 112, the negative charge at position 156, and the positive charge at position 215 were essential components for enzyme activity and for binding fructose and psicose. The surface contact area and distance to the bound substrate by molecular modeling suggest that the positive charge of Arg215 was involved in stabilization of cis-endiol intermediate. The distances between the catalytic residues (Glu150 and Glu244) and Mn(2+) are critical to the catalysis, and the negative charges of the metal-binding residues are important for interaction with metal ion. The kinetic parameters of the D183E and H209A mutants for metal-binding residues with substrate and the near-UV circular dichroism spectra indicate that the metal ion bound to Asp183 and His209 is involved not only in catalysis but also in substrate binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Jung Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, South Korea
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45
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Ju YH, Oh DK. Characterization of a recombinant l-fucose isomerase from Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus that isomerizes l-fucose, d-arabinose, d-altrose, and l-galactose. Biotechnol Lett 2009; 32:299-304. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-009-0154-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2009] [Revised: 10/04/2009] [Accepted: 10/07/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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46
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L-ribose production from L-arabinose by using purified L-arabinose isomerase and mannose-6-phosphate isomerase from Geobacillus thermodenitrificans. Appl Environ Microbiol 2009; 75:6941-3. [PMID: 19749063 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01867-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Two enzymes, L-arabinose isomerase and mannose-6-phosphate isomerase, from Geobacillus thermodenitrificans produced 118 g/liter L-ribose from 500 g/liter L-arabinose at pH 7.0, 70 degrees C, and 1 mM Co(2+) for 3 h, with a conversion yield of 23.6% and a volumetric productivity of 39.3 g liter(-1) h(-1).
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